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Ventura T, Fidanza A, Wilson MC, Ferguson DCJ, Lewis PA, May A, Taylor H, Rimmer MP, Gregory CD, Frayne J, Forrester LM. Proteomic analysis reveals a potential role for extracellular vesicles within the erythroblastic island niche. Front Mol Biosci 2024; 11:1370933. [PMID: 38690294 PMCID: PMC11058792 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2024.1370933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Erythroblastic island (EBI) macrophages play an essential role in the production and maturation of the vast numbers of red blood cells (RBCs) that are produced throughout life. Their location within the bone marrow makes it difficult to study the cellular and molecular interactions associated with their action so we have used an in vitro model of the EBI niche using macrophages derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs). We previously demonstrated that the activation of the transcription factor KLF1 enhanced the activity of hiPSC-derived EBI macrophages. Methods: To elucidate the mechanisms associated with EBI-like activity we carried out a quantitative proteomic analysis and assessed the role of extracellular vesicles using Nanosight Tracking analyses and media filtration. Results and Discussion: Gene ontology analysis showed that many of the proteins upregulated by KLF1 were protein-binding factors, some of which were associated with the cell membrane or extracellular vesicles We demonstrated that filtration of macrophage-conditioned media resulted in a reduction in the supportive effects on erythroid cell viability and maturation implying a role for extracellular vesicles but this was not KLF1 dependent. Pathway analyses of the proteomic data revealed that proteins upregulated by KLF1 were associated with the citric acid cycle, pyruvate metabolism and ATP synthesis indicating that KLF1-activated macrophages had a metabolic profile comparable to a pro-reparative phenotype. This study has generated a proteomic dataset that could provide new insights into the role of macrophages within the EBI niche and has indicated a potential role for extracellular vesicles in the differentiation and maturation of RBCs in vitro. Further research will aid in the production of RBCs in vitro for use in disease modelling and cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Telma Ventura
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Antonella Fidanza
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Edinburgh Medical School, Biomedical Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Marieangela C. Wilson
- Proteomics Facility, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | | | - Phillip A. Lewis
- Proteomics Facility, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Alisha May
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Helen Taylor
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Michael P. Rimmer
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher D. Gregory
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Jan Frayne
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Lesley M. Forrester
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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2
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Cheng X, Barakat R, Pavani G, Usha MK, Calderon R, Snella E, Gorden A, Zhang Y, Gadue P, French DL, Dorman KS, Fidanza A, Campbell CA, Espin-Palazon R. Nod1-dependent NF-kB activation initiates hematopoietic stem cell specification in response to small Rho GTPases. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7668. [PMID: 37996457 PMCID: PMC10667254 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43349-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Uncovering the mechanisms regulating hematopoietic specification not only would overcome current limitations related to hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) transplantation, but also advance cellular immunotherapies. However, generating functional human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived HSPCs and their derivatives has been elusive, necessitating a better understanding of the developmental mechanisms that trigger HSPC specification. Here, we reveal that early activation of the Nod1-Ripk2-NF-kB inflammatory pathway in endothelial cells (ECs) primes them to switch fate towards definitive hemogenic endothelium, a pre-requisite to specify HSPCs. Our genetic and chemical embryonic models show that HSPCs fail to specify in the absence of Nod1 and its downstream kinase Ripk2 due to a failure on hemogenic endothelial (HE) programming, and that small Rho GTPases coordinate the activation of this pathway. Manipulation of NOD1 in a human system of definitive hematopoietic differentiation indicates functional conservation. This work establishes the RAC1-NOD1-RIPK2-NF-kB axis as a critical intrinsic inductor that primes ECs prior to HE fate switch and HSPC specification. Manipulation of this pathway could help derive a competent HE amenable to specify functional patient specific HSPCs and their derivatives for the treatment of blood disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyi Cheng
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Radwa Barakat
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Qalyubia, 13518, Egypt
| | - Giulia Pavani
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Masuma Khatun Usha
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Rodolfo Calderon
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Elizabeth Snella
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Abigail Gorden
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Yudi Zhang
- Department of Statistics, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Paul Gadue
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Deborah L French
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Karin S Dorman
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
- Department of Statistics, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Antonella Fidanza
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, University of Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Clyde A Campbell
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Raquel Espin-Palazon
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
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Ventura T, Egan EJ, Romanò N, Fidanza A. In Vitro Model of Fetal Human Vessel On-chip to Study Developmental Mechanobiology. J Vis Exp 2023. [PMID: 37590513 DOI: 10.3791/65492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The heart is the first organ to be functionally established during development, thus initiating blood circulation very early in gestation. Besides transporting oxygen and nutrients to ensure fetal growth, fetal circulation controls many crucial developmental events taking place within the endothelial layer through mechanical cues. Biomechanical signals induce blood vessel structural changes, establish arteriovenous specification, and control the development of hematopoietic stem cells. The inaccessibility of the developing tissues limits the understanding of the role of circulation in early human development; therefore, in vitro models are pivotal tools for the study of vessel mechanobiology. This paper describes a protocol to differentiate endothelial cells from human induced pluripotent stem cells and their subsequent seeding into a fluidic device to study their response to mechanical cues. This approach allows for long-term culture of endothelial cells under mechanical stimulation followed by retrieval of the endothelial cells for phenotypical and functional characterization. The in vitro model established here will be instrumental to elucidate the intracellular molecular mechanisms that transduce the signaling mediated by mechanical cues, which ultimately orchestrate vessel development during human fetal life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Telma Ventura
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, University of Edinburgh
| | - Ewan Joshua Egan
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, University of Edinburgh
| | - Nicola Romanò
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh
| | - Antonella Fidanza
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, University of Edinburgh;
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4
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May A, Ventura T, Fidanza A, Volmer H, Taylor H, Romanò N, D’Souza SL, Bieker JJ, Forrester LM. Modelling the erythroblastic island niche of dyserythropoietic anaemia type IV patients using induced pluripotent stem cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1148013. [PMID: 37113767 PMCID: PMC10126837 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1148013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Congenital dyserythropoietic anaemia (CDA) type IV has been associated with an amino acid substitution, Glu325Lys (E325K), in the transcription factor KLF1. These patients present with a range of symptoms, including the persistence of nucleated red blood cells (RBCs) in the peripheral blood which reflects the known role for KLF1 within the erythroid cell lineage. The final stages of RBCs maturation and enucleation take place within the erythroblastic island (EBI) niche in close association with EBI macrophages. It is not known whether the detrimental effects of the E325K mutation in KLF1 are restricted to the erythroid lineage or whether deficiencies in macrophages associated with their niche also contribute to the disease pathology. Methods: To address this question, we generated an in vitro model of the human EBI niche using induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) derived from one CDA type IV patient as well as two iPSC lines genetically modified to express an KLF1-E325K-ERT2 protein that could be activated with 4OH-tamoxifen. The one patient iPSC line was compared to control lines from two healthy donors and the KLF1-E325K-ERT2 iPSC line to one inducible KLF1-ERT2 line generated from the same parental iPSCS. Results: The CDA patient-derived iPSCs and iPSCs expressing the activated KLF1-E325K-ERT2 protein showed significant deficiencies in the production of erythroid cells with associated disruption of some known KLF1 target genes. Macrophages could be generated from all iPSC lines but when the E325K-ERT2 fusion protein was activated, we noted the generation of a slightly less mature macrophage population marked by CD93. A subtle trend in their reduced ability to support RBC enucleation was also associated with macrophages carrying the E325K-ERT2 transgene. Discussion: Taken together these data support the notion that the clinically significant effects of the KLF1-E325K mutation are primarily associated with deficiencies in the erythroid lineage but it is possible that deficiencies in the niche might have the potential to exacerbate the condition. The strategy we describe provides a powerful approach to assess the effects of other mutations in KLF1 as well as other factors associated with the EBI niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alisha May
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Regeneration and Repair, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Telma Ventura
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Regeneration and Repair, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Antonella Fidanza
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Regeneration and Repair, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Helena Volmer
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Regeneration and Repair, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Helen Taylor
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Regeneration and Repair, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Nicola Romanò
- Centre for Discovery Brain Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Sunita L. D’Souza
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - James J. Bieker
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Lesley M. Forrester
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Regeneration and Repair, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom
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Rovere G, Fusco A, Smakaj A, De Mauro D, De Vitis R, Padua L, Meccariello L, Fidanza A, Erasmo R, Peresson M, Noia G, Maccagnano G, Maccauro G, Liuzza F. Preliminary data on the neurophysiological evaluation of male sexual dysfunction in patients with pelvic ring fractures: a multicenter retrospective study. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2023; 27:3457-3466. [PMID: 37140295 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202304_32116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Traumatic pelvic ring fractures include several comorbidities due to the close anatomical relationship between the skeletal system, pelvic organs, and neurovascular structures. In this retrospective multicenter study, we evaluated patients complaining of sexual dysfunction following pelvic ring fractures, assessed through different neuro-physiological examinations. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients were enrolled one year after the injury according to their reported ASEX scores and evaluated on the basis of the Tile's type of pelvic fracture. Lower limb and sacral somatosensory evoked potentials, pelvic floor electromyography, bulbocavernosus reflex and pelvic floor motor evoked potentials were recorded, according to the neurophysiological indications. RESULTS A total of 14 male patients (mean age 50.4; 8 subjects Tile-type B and 6 Tile-type C) were enrolled. The ages between the Tile B group and the Tile C group of patients were not significantly different (p=0.187), while the ASEX scores were significantly different (p=0.014). In 57% of patients (n=8), no alterations in nerve conduction and/or pelvic floor neuromuscular responses were found. In 6 patients, electromyographic signs of denervation were revealed (2 patients), and alterations of the sacral efferent nerve component were detected in 4 patients. CONCLUSIONS Sexual dysfunctions after a traumatic pelvic ring fracture are more common in Tile-type B. Our preliminary data did not reveal a significant association with neurogenic aetiology. Other causes could explain the complaining impairments.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Rovere
- Department of Aging, Neurological, Orthopaedic and Head-Neck Sciences, UOC Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
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6
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Lengert A, Alves P, Moura S, Taylor H, Fidanza A, Gil C, Martins L, Nasare A, Garcia B, Guarache G, Pereira G, Koh I, For L. DEVELOPMENT OF PHD2 HAPLODEFICIENT MACROPHAGES FOR LIMB ISCHEMIA. Cytotherapy 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s1465-3249(22)00853-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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7
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Zaidan N, Nitsche L, Diamanti E, Hannah R, Fidanza A, Wilson NK, Forrester LM, Göttgens B, Ottersbach K. Endothelial-specific Gata3 expression is required for hematopoietic stem cell generation. Stem Cell Reports 2022; 17:1788-1798. [PMID: 35905741 PMCID: PMC9391417 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2022.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
To generate sufficient numbers of transplantable hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in vitro, a detailed understanding of how this process takes place in vivo is essential. The endothelial-to-hematopoietic transition (EHT), which culminates in the production of the first HSCs, is a highly complex process during which key regulators are switched on and off at precise moments, and that is embedded into a myriad of microenvironmental signals from surrounding cells and tissues. We have previously demonstrated an HSC-supportive function for GATA3 within the sympathetic nervous system and the sub-aortic mesenchyme, but show here that it also plays a cell-intrinsic role during the EHT. It is expressed in hemogenic endothelial cells and early HSC precursors, where its expression correlates with a more quiescent state. Importantly, endothelial-specific deletion of Gata3 shows that it is functionally required for these cells to mature into HSCs, placing GATA3 at the core of the EHT regulatory network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nada Zaidan
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK; Department of Haematology, Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0AW, UK
| | - Leslie Nitsche
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Evangelia Diamanti
- Department of Haematology, Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0AW, UK
| | - Rebecca Hannah
- Department of Haematology, Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0AW, UK
| | - Antonella Fidanza
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Nicola K Wilson
- Department of Haematology, Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0AW, UK
| | - Lesley M Forrester
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Berthold Göttgens
- Department of Haematology, Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0AW, UK
| | - Katrin Ottersbach
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK.
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Fidanza A, Forrester LM. Progress in the production of haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells from human pluripotent stem cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 13:100050. [PMID: 34405125 PMCID: PMC8350141 DOI: 10.1016/j.regen.2021.100050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cell therapies are currently used to treat many haematological diseases. These treatments range from the long-term reconstitution of the entire haematopoietic system using the most potent haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) to the short-term rescue with mature functional end cells such as oxygen-carrying red blood cells and cells of the immune system that can fight infection and repair tissue. Limitations in supply and the risk of transmitting infection has prompted the design of protocols to produce some of these cell types from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs). Although it has proven challenging to generate the most potent HSCs directly from hPSCs, significant progress has been made in the development of differentiation protocols that can successfully produce haematopoietic progenitor cells and most of the mature cell lineages. We review the key steps used in the production of haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) from hPSCs and the cell surface markers and reporter strategies that have been used to define specific transitions. Most studies have relied on the use of known markers that define HSPC production in vivo but more recently single cell RNA sequencing has allowed a less biased approach to their characterisation. Transcriptional profiling has identified new markers for naïve and committed hPSC-derived HSPC populations and trajectory analyses has provided novel insights into their lineage potential. Direct comparison of in vitro- and in vivo-derived RNA single cell sequencing datasets has highlights similarities and differences between the two systems and this deeper understanding will be key to the design and the tracking of improved and more efficient differentiation protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Fidanza
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, University of Edinburgh, 5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Lesley M Forrester
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, University of Edinburgh, 5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, UK
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Ventura T, Frayne J, Wilson M, Fidanza A, Forrester L, Jose S, May A, Taylor H. 3135 – KLF1-RELATED PROTEINS IN ERYTHROBLAST ISLAND MACROPHAGES - A PROTEOMIC STUDY. Exp Hematol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2021.12.352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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10
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Jackson M, Fidanza A, Taylor AH, Rybtsov S, Axton R, Kydonaki M, Meek S, Burdon T, Medvinsky A, Forrester LM. Modulation of APLNR Signaling Is Required during the Development and Maintenance of the Hematopoietic System. Stem Cell Reports 2021; 16:727-740. [PMID: 33667414 PMCID: PMC8072025 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2021.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Apelin receptor (APLNR/AGTRLl1/APJ) marks a transient cell population during the differentiation of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) from pluripotent stem cells, but its function during the production and maintenance of hematopoietic stem cells is not clear. We generated an Aplnr-tdTomato reporter mouse embryonic stem cell (mESC) line and showed that HSPCs are generated exclusively from mesodermal cells that express Aplnr-tdTomato. HSPC production from mESCs was impaired when Aplnr was deleted, implying that this pathway is required for their production. To address the role of APLNR signaling in HSPC maintenance, we added APELIN ligands to ex vivo AGM cultures. Activation of the APLNR pathway in this system impaired the generation of long-term reconstituting HSPCs and appeared to drive myeloid differentiation. Our data suggest that the APLNR signaling is required for the generation of cells that give rise to HSCs, but that its subsequent downregulation is required for their maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melany Jackson
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, 5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Antonella Fidanza
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, 5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK
| | - A Helen Taylor
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, 5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Stanislav Rybtsov
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, 5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK; Institute for Stem Cell Research, Centre for Regenerative Medicine, 5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Richard Axton
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, 5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Maria Kydonaki
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, 5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Stephen Meek
- Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian EH25 9RG, UK
| | - Tom Burdon
- Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian EH25 9RG, UK
| | - Alexander Medvinsky
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, 5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK; Institute for Stem Cell Research, Centre for Regenerative Medicine, 5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Lesley M Forrester
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, 5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK.
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Fidanza A, Stumpf PS, Ramachandran P, Tamagno S, Babtie A, Lopez-Yrigoyen M, Taylor AH, Easterbrook J, Henderson BEP, Axton R, Henderson NC, Medvinsky A, Ottersbach K, Romanò N, Forrester LM. Single-cell analyses and machine learning define hematopoietic progenitor and HSC-like cells derived from human PSCs. Blood 2020; 136:2893-2904. [PMID: 32614947 PMCID: PMC7862875 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2020006229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) develop in distinct waves at various anatomical sites during embryonic development. The in vitro differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) recapitulates some of these processes; however, it has proven difficult to generate functional hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). To define the dynamics and heterogeneity of HSPCs that can be generated in vitro from hPSCs, we explored single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) in combination with single-cell protein expression analysis. Bioinformatics analyses and functional validation defined the transcriptomes of naïve progenitors and erythroid-, megakaryocyte-, and leukocyte-committed progenitors, and we identified CD44, CD326, ICAM2/CD9, and CD18, respectively, as markers of these progenitors. Using an artificial neural network that we trained on scRNAseq derived from human fetal liver, we identified a wide range of hPSC-derived HSPCs phenotypes, including a small group classified as HSCs. This transient HSC-like population decreased as differentiation proceeded, and was completely missing in the data set that had been generated using cells selected on the basis of CD43 expression. By comparing the single-cell transcriptome of in vitro-generated HSC-like cells with those generated within the fetal liver, we identified transcription factors and molecular pathways that can be explored in the future to improve the in vitro production of HSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Fidanza
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Patrick S Stumpf
- Joint Research Center for Computational Biomedicine, Uniklinik Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Prakash Ramachandran
- Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Sara Tamagno
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Ann Babtie
- Centre for Integrative Systems Biology and Bioinformatics, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; and
| | - Martha Lopez-Yrigoyen
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - A Helen Taylor
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Jennifer Easterbrook
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Beth E P Henderson
- Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Richard Axton
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Neil C Henderson
- Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander Medvinsky
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Katrin Ottersbach
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Nicola Romanò
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Lesley M Forrester
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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Palma LG, Thambyrajah R, Fidanza A, Forrester L, Menéndez P, Espinosa L, Bigas A. 3076 – FINE-TUNING GENE EXPRESSION BY CRISPRA IN MOUSE EMBRYONIC STEM CELLS FOR SPECIFIC TISSUE INDUCTION. Exp Hematol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2020.09.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Ventura T, Fidanza A, Forrester L, Taylor AH. 3140 – A PROTEOMIC APPROACH TO IDENTIFY KLF1-REGULATED PROTEINS IN ERYTHROID ISLAND-LIKE MACROPHAGES. Exp Hematol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2020.09.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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14
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Lopez-Yrigoyen M, May A, Ventura T, Taylor H, Fidanza A, Cassetta L, Pollard JW, Forrester LM. Production and Characterization of Human Macrophages from Pluripotent Stem Cells. J Vis Exp 2020. [PMID: 32364544 DOI: 10.3791/61038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are present in most vertebrate tissues and comprise widely dispersed and heterogeneous cell populations with different functions. They are key players in health and disease, acting as phagocytes during immune defense and mediating trophic, maintenance, and repair functions. Although it has been possible to study some of the molecular processes involved in human macrophage function, it has proved difficult to apply genetic engineering techniques to primary human macrophages. This has significantly hampered our ability to interrogate the complex genetic pathways involved in macrophage biology and to generate models for specific disease states. An off-the-shelf source of human macrophages that is amenable to the vast arsenal of genetic manipulation techniques would, therefore, provide a valuable tool in this field. We present an optimized protocol that allows for the generation of macrophages from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) in vitro. These iPSC-derived macrophages (iPSC-DMs) express human macrophage cell surface markers, including CD45, 25F9, CD163, and CD169, and our live-cell imaging functional assay demonstrates that they exhibit robust phagocytic activity. Cultured iPSC-DMs can be activated to different macrophage states that display altered gene expression and phagocytic activity by the addition of LPS and IFNg, IL4, or IL10. Thus, this system provides a platform to generate human macrophages carrying genetic alterations that model specific human disease and a source of cells for drug screening or cell therapy to treat these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha Lopez-Yrigoyen
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Scottish Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh; Centre for Reproductive Health, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh;
| | - Alisha May
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Scottish Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh
| | - Telma Ventura
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Scottish Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh
| | - Helen Taylor
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Scottish Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh
| | - Antonella Fidanza
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Scottish Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh
| | - Luca Cassetta
- Centre for Reproductive Health, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh
| | - Jeffrey W Pollard
- Centre for Reproductive Health, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh
| | - Lesley M Forrester
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Scottish Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh;
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15
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Petazzi P, Torres-Ruiz R, Fidanza A, Roca-Ho H, Gutierrez-Agüera F, Castaño J, Rodriguez-Perales S, Díaz de la Guardia R, López-Millán B, Bigas A, Forrester LM, Bueno C, Menéndez P. Robustness of Catalytically Dead Cas9 Activators in Human Pluripotent and Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Mol Ther Nucleic Acids 2020; 20:196-204. [PMID: 32171171 PMCID: PMC7068053 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2020.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) and mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (hMSCs) are clinically relevant sources for cellular therapies and for modeling human development and disease. Many stem cell-based applications rely on the ability to activate several endogenous genes simultaneously to modify cell fate. However, genetic intervention of these cells remains challenging. Several catalytically dead Cas9 (dCas9) proteins fused to distinct activation domains can modulate gene expression when directed to their regulatory regions by a specific single-guide RNA (sgRNA). In this study, we have compared the ability of the first-generation dCas9-VP64 activator and the second-generation systems, dCas9-SAM and dCas9-SunTag, to induce gene expression in hPSCs and hMSCs. Several stem cell lines were tested for single and multiplexed gene activation. When the activation of several genes was compared, all three systems induced specific and potent gene expression in both single and multiplexed settings, but the dCas9-SAM and dCas9-SunTag systems resulted in the highest and most consistent level of gene expression. Simultaneous targeting of the same gene with multiple sgRNAs did not result in additive levels of gene expression in hPSCs nor hMSCs. We demonstrate the robustness and specificity of second-generation dCas9 activators as tools to simultaneously activate several endogenous genes in clinically relevant human stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Petazzi
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute and Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Raul Torres-Ruiz
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute and Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Molecular Cytogenetics and Genome Editing Unit, Human Cancer Genetics Program, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas (CNIO), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonella Fidanza
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, 5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Heleia Roca-Ho
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute and Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francisco Gutierrez-Agüera
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute and Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Julio Castaño
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute and Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sandra Rodriguez-Perales
- Molecular Cytogenetics and Genome Editing Unit, Human Cancer Genetics Program, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas (CNIO), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Díaz de la Guardia
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute and Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Belén López-Millán
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute and Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Bigas
- Cancer Research Program, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer-CIBER-ONC, ISCIII, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lesley M Forrester
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, 5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Clara Bueno
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute and Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer-CIBER-ONC, ISCIII, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pablo Menéndez
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute and Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer-CIBER-ONC, ISCIII, Barcelona, Spain; Instituciò Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain.
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16
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Czernik M, Fidanza A, Luongo FP, Valbonetti L, Scapolo PA, Patrizio P, Loi P. Late Embryogenesis Abundant (LEA) proteins confer water stress tolerance to mammalian somatic cells. Cryobiology 2020; 92:189-196. [PMID: 31952948 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2020.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Late Embryogenesis Abundant (LEA) proteins are commonly found in plants and other organisms capable of undergoing severe and reversible dehydration, a phenomenon termed "anhydrobiosis". Here, we have produced a tagged version for three different LEA proteins: pTag-RAB17-GFP-N, Zea mays dehydrin-1dhn, expressed in the nucleo-cytoplasm; pTag-WCOR410-RFP, Tricum aestivum cold acclimation protein WCOR410, binds to cellular membranes, and pTag-LEA-BFP, Artemia franciscana LEA protein group 3 that targets the mitochondria. Sheep fibroblasts transfected with single or all three LEA proteins were subjected to air drying under controlled conditions. After rehydration, cell viability and functionality of the membrane/mitochondria were assessed. After 4 h of air drying, cells from the un-transfected control group were almost completely nonviable (1% cell alive), while cells expressing LEA proteins showed high viability (more than 30%), with the highest viability (58%) observed in fibroblasts expressing all three LEA proteins. Growth rate was markedly compromised in control cells, while LEA-expressing cells proliferated at a rate comparable to non-air-dried cells. Plasmalemma, cytoskeleton and mitochondria appeared unaffected in LEA-expressing cells, confirming the protection conferred by LEA proteins on these organelles during dehydration stress. This is likely to be an effective strategy when aiming to confer desiccation tolerance to mammalian cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Czernik
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy; Department of Experimental Embryology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzębiec, Poland
| | - A Fidanza
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy; Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - F P Luongo
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy; Center for Neurovirology, Department of Neuroscience, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - L Valbonetti
- Faculty of Biosciences and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, 64100, Teramo, Italy
| | - P A Scapolo
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - P Patrizio
- Yale Fertility Center, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - P Loi
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy.
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17
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Maglitto A, Mariani S, Vink C, Fidanza A, Forrester L, Dzierzak E. GPR56 AND GPR97 PLAY REDUNDANT ROLES IN REGULATING HEMATOPOIESIS. Exp Hematol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2019.06.403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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18
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Cassetta L, Fragkogianni S, Sims AH, Swierczak A, Forrester LM, Zhang H, Soong DYH, Cotechini T, Anur P, Lin EY, Fidanza A, Lopez-Yrigoyen M, Millar MR, Urman A, Ai Z, Spellman PT, Hwang ES, Dixon JM, Wiechmann L, Coussens LM, Smith HO, Pollard JW. Human Tumor-Associated Macrophage and Monocyte Transcriptional Landscapes Reveal Cancer-Specific Reprogramming, Biomarkers, and Therapeutic Targets. Cancer Cell 2019; 35:588-602.e10. [PMID: 30930117 PMCID: PMC6472943 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2019.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 524] [Impact Index Per Article: 104.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The roles of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and circulating monocytes in human cancer are poorly understood. Here, we show that monocyte subpopulation distribution and transcriptomes are significantly altered by the presence of endometrial and breast cancer. Furthermore, TAMs from endometrial and breast cancers are transcriptionally distinct from monocytes and their respective tissue-resident macrophages. We identified a breast TAM signature that is highly enriched in aggressive breast cancer subtypes and associated with shorter disease-specific survival. We also identified an auto-regulatory loop between TAMs and cancer cells driven by tumor necrosis factor alpha involving SIGLEC1 and CCL8, which is self-reinforcing through the production of CSF1. Together these data provide direct evidence that monocyte and macrophage transcriptional landscapes are perturbed by cancer, reflecting patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Cassetta
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Stamatina Fragkogianni
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Andrew H Sims
- Applied Bioinformatics of Cancer, University of Edinburgh Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, UK
| | - Agnieszka Swierczak
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Lesley M Forrester
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York 10461, USA
| | - Daniel Y H Soong
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Tiziana Cotechini
- Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, and Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland 97239, USA
| | - Pavana Anur
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics and Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland 97239, USA
| | - Elaine Y Lin
- Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, and Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland 97239, USA
| | - Antonella Fidanza
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Martha Lopez-Yrigoyen
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Michael R Millar
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK; Aquila Biomedical, Edinburgh Bioquarter, Little France Road, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Alexandra Urman
- Department of Surgery, Montefiore Medical College, New York 10467, USA
| | - Zhichao Ai
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Paul T Spellman
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics and Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland 97239, USA
| | - E Shelley Hwang
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - J Michael Dixon
- Edinburgh Breast Unit and Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Lisa Wiechmann
- Department of Surgery, Montefiore Medical College, New York 10467, USA
| | - Lisa M Coussens
- Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, and Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland 97239, USA
| | - Harriet O Smith
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center, New York 10461, USA
| | - Jeffrey W Pollard
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK; Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York 10461, USA.
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19
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Lopez-Yrigoyen M, Fidanza A, Yang CT, Cassetta L, Taylor H, McCahill A, Mountford J, Pollard J, Forrester L. Genetic Programming of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Macrophages as a Tool to Study the Erythroid Island Niche. Exp Hematol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2018.06.283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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20
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Maglitto A, Mariani S, Fidanza A, Kaimakis P, Vink C, Forrester L, Dzierzak E. A Novel G Protein Coupled Receptor Circuit Regulates Hematopoiesis. Exp Hematol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2018.06.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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21
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Lopez-Yrigoyen M, Fidanza A, Cassetta L, Axton RA, Taylor AH, Meseguer-Ripolles J, Tsakiridis A, Wilson V, Hay DC, Pollard JW, Forrester LM. A human iPSC line capable of differentiating into functional macrophages expressing ZsGreen: a tool for the study and in vivo tracking of therapeutic cells. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2018; 373:rstb.2017.0219. [PMID: 29786554 PMCID: PMC5974442 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2017.0219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We describe the production of a human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) line, SFCi55-ZsGr, that has been engineered to express the fluorescent reporter gene, ZsGreen, in a constitutive manner. The CAG-driven ZsGreen expression cassette was inserted into the AAVS1 locus and a high level of expression was observed in undifferentiated iPSCs and in cell lineages derived from all three germ layers including haematopoietic cells, hepatocytes and neurons. We demonstrate efficient production of terminally differentiated macrophages from the SFCi55-ZsGreen iPSC line and show that they are indistinguishable from those generated from their parental SFCi55 iPSC line in terms of gene expression, cell surface marker expression and phagocytic activity. The high level of ZsGreen expression had no effect on the ability of macrophages to be activated to an M(LPS + IFNγ), M(IL10) or M(IL4) phenotype nor on their plasticity, assessed by their ability to switch from one phenotype to another. Thus, targeting of the AAVS1 locus in iPSCs allows for the production of fully functional, fluorescently tagged human macrophages that can be used for in vivo tracking in disease models. The strategy also provides a platform for the introduction of factors that are predicted to modulate and/or stabilize macrophage function.This article is part of the theme issue 'Designer human tissue: coming to a lab near you'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha Lopez-Yrigoyen
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Scottish Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, 5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Antonella Fidanza
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Scottish Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, 5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Luca Cassetta
- Centre for Reproductive Health, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Richard A. Axton
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Scottish Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, 5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK
| | - A. Helen Taylor
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Scottish Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, 5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Jose Meseguer-Ripolles
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Scottish Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, 5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Anestis Tsakiridis
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Scottish Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, 5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Valerie Wilson
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Scottish Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, 5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK
| | - David C. Hay
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Scottish Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, 5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Jeffrey W. Pollard
- Centre for Reproductive Health, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Lesley M. Forrester
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Scottish Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, 5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK,e-mail:
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22
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Fidanza A, Lopez-Yrigoyen M, Romano N, Jones R, Taylor H, Forrester L. Activation of hematopoietic transcription factor expression using a novel all-in-one dCAS9-sam vector system. Exp Hematol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2017.06.260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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23
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Fidanza A, Lopez-Yrigoyen M, Romanò N, Jones R, Taylor AH, Forrester LM. An all-in-one UniSam vector system for efficient gene activation. Sci Rep 2017; 7:6394. [PMID: 28743878 PMCID: PMC5526871 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-06468-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
We have generated a drug-free, all-in-one dCAS9-SAM vector that can activate endogenous gene expression with the potential to modify cell fate. We demonstrate that this strategy can be used in a number of cell lines and avoids exceptionally high levels of gene expression that are observed in standard transgenic approaches. Compared to the multi-plasmid system, this all-in-one vector activates gene expression to a comparable level but the reduced overall DNA content results in significantly higher viability of transfected cells. This allowed us to use the RUNX1C-GFP human embryonic stem cell reporter cell line to monitor gene activation in individual cells and to show that activation could occur at all stages of the cell cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Fidanza
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
| | | | - Nicola Romanò
- Centre for Integrative Physiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Rhiannon Jones
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - A Helen Taylor
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Lesley M Forrester
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
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Yang C, Ma R, Axton RA, Jackson M, Taylor AH, Fidanza A, Marenah L, Frayne J, Mountford JC, Forrester LM. Activation of KLF1 Enhances the Differentiation and Maturation of Red Blood Cells from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells. Stem Cells 2017; 35:886-897. [PMID: 28026072 PMCID: PMC5396323 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Revised: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Blood transfusion is widely used in the clinic but the source of red blood cells (RBCs) is dependent on donors, procedures are susceptible to transfusion-transmitted infections and complications can arise from immunological incompatibility. Clinically-compatible and scalable protocols that allow the production of RBCs from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have been described but progress to translation has been hampered by poor maturation and fragility of the resultant cells. Genetic programming using transcription factors has been used to drive lineage determination and differentiation so we used this approach to assess whether exogenous expression of the Erythroid Krüppel-like factor 1 (EKLF/KLF1) could augment the differentiation and stability of iPSC-derived RBCs. To activate KLF1 at defined time points during later stages of the differentiation process and to avoid transgene silencing that is commonly observed in differentiating pluripotent stem cells, we targeted a tamoxifen-inducible KLF1-ERT2 expression cassette into the AAVS1 locus. Activation of KLF1 at day 10 of the differentiation process when hematopoietic progenitor cells were present, enhanced erythroid commitment and differentiation. Continued culture resulted the appearance of more enucleated cells when KLF1 was activated which is possibly due to their more robust morphology. Globin profiling indicated that these conditions produced embryonic-like erythroid cells. This study demonstrates the successful use of an inducible genetic programing strategy that could be applied to the production of many other cell lineages from human induced pluripotent stem cells with the integration of programming factors into the AAVS1 locus providing a safer and more reproducible route to the clinic. Stem Cells 2017;35:886-897.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng‐Tao Yang
- Centre for Regenerative MedicineUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Rui Ma
- Centre for Regenerative MedicineUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Richard A. Axton
- Centre for Regenerative MedicineUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Melany Jackson
- Centre for Regenerative MedicineUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - A. Helen Taylor
- Centre for Regenerative MedicineUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Antonella Fidanza
- Centre for Regenerative MedicineUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Lamin Marenah
- Institute of Cardiovascular & Medical Sciences, University of GlasgowGlasgowUnited Kingdom
- Scottish National Blood Transfusion ServiceScotlandUnited Kingdom
| | - Jan Frayne
- Department of BiochemistryUniversity of BristolUnited Kingdom
| | - Joanne C. Mountford
- Institute of Cardiovascular & Medical Sciences, University of GlasgowGlasgowUnited Kingdom
- Scottish National Blood Transfusion ServiceScotlandUnited Kingdom
| | - Lesley M. Forrester
- Centre for Regenerative MedicineUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
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25
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Toschi P, Czernik M, Zacchini F, Fidanza A, Loi P, Ptak GE. Evidence of Placental Autophagy during Early Pregnancy after Transfer of In Vitro Produced (IVP) Sheep Embryos. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0157594. [PMID: 27326761 PMCID: PMC4915622 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0157594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Pregnancies obtained by Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART) are associated with limited maternal nutrient uptake. Our previous studies shown that in vitro culture of sheep embryos is associated with vascularization defects in their placentae and consequent reduction of embryo growth. Autophagy is a pro-survival cellular mechanism triggered by nutrient insufficiency. Therefore, the goal of our present study was to determine if autophagy is involved in early placental development after transfer of in vitro produced (IVP) embryos. To do this, placentae obtained following transfer of IVP sheep embryos were compared with placentae obtained after natural mating (control-CTR). The placentae were collected on day 20 post-fertilization and post-mating, respectively, and were analyzed using molecular (qPCR), ultrastructural and histological/immunological approaches. Our results show drastically increased autophagy in IVP placentae: high levels of expression (p<0.05) of canonical markers of cellular autophagy and a high proportion of autophagic cells (35.08%; p<0.001) were observed. We conclude that high autophagic activity in IVP placentae can be a successful temporary counterbalance to the retarded vasculogenesis and the reduction of foetal growth observed in pregnancies after transfer of IVP embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Toschi
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Piazza Aldo Moro 45, 64100, Teramo, Italy
| | - Marta Czernik
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Piazza Aldo Moro 45, 64100, Teramo, Italy
| | - Federica Zacchini
- Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzebiec ul. Postepu 36A, 05–552 Magdalenka, Poland
| | - Antonella Fidanza
- Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzebiec ul. Postepu 36A, 05–552 Magdalenka, Poland
| | - Pasqualino Loi
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Piazza Aldo Moro 45, 64100, Teramo, Italy
| | - Grażyna Ewa Ptak
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Piazza Aldo Moro 45, 64100, Teramo, Italy
- Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzebiec ul. Postepu 36A, 05–552 Magdalenka, Poland
- National Research Institute of Animal Production, 1, Krakowska Street, 32–083 Balice n/Krakow, Poland
- * E-mail:
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Abstract
Blood disorders are treated with cell therapies including haematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplantation as well as platelet and red blood cell transfusions. However the source of cells is entirely dependent on donors, procedures are susceptible to transfusion-transmitted infections and serious complications can arise in recipients due to immunological incompatibility. These problems could be alleviated if it was possible to produce haematopoietic cells in vitro from an autologous and renewable cell source. The production of haematopoietic cells in the laboratory from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) may provide a route to realize this goal but it has proven challenging to generate long-term reconstituting HSCs. To date, the optimization of differentiation protocols has mostly relied on the manipulation of extrinsic signals to mimic the in vivo environment. We review studies that have taken an alternative approach to modulate intrinsic signals by enforced expression of transcription factors. Single and combinations of multiple transcription factors have been used in a variety of contexts to enhance the production of haematopoietic cells from human pluripotent stem cells. This programming approach, together with the recent advances in the production and use of synthetic transcription factors, holds great promise for the production of fully functional HSCs in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Antonella Fidanza
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Lesley M Forrester
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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27
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Iuso D, Czernik M, Toschi P, Fidanza A, Zacchini F, Feil R, Curtet S, Buchou T, Shiota H, Khochbin S, Ptak GE, Loi P. Exogenous Expression of Human Protamine 1 (hPrm1) Remodels Fibroblast Nuclei into Spermatid-like Structures. Cell Rep 2015; 13:1765-71. [PMID: 26628361 PMCID: PMC4675893 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2015.10.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2015] [Revised: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 10/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Protamines confer a compact structure to the genome of male gametes. Here, we find that somatic cells can be remodeled by transient expression of protamine 1 (Prm1). Ectopically expressed Prm1 forms scattered foci in the nuclei of fibroblasts, which coalescence into spermatid-like structures, concomitant with a loss of histones and a reprogramming barrier, H3 lysine 9 methylation. Protaminized nuclei injected into enucleated oocytes efficiently underwent protamine to maternal histone TH2B exchange and developed into normal blastocyst stage embryos in vitro. Altogether, our findings present a model to study male-specific chromatin remodeling, which can be exploited for the improvement of somatic cell nuclear transfer. In vitro protaminization of somatic cell nuclei Conversion of interphase somatic nuclei into “spermatid-like” structures Protaminization of somatic nuclei that is reversed upon injection into enucleated oocytes A simplified model of nuclear remodeling and reprogramming in vitro
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Iuso
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Renato Balzarini Street 1, Campus Coste Sant'Agostino, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Marta Czernik
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Renato Balzarini Street 1, Campus Coste Sant'Agostino, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Paola Toschi
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Renato Balzarini Street 1, Campus Coste Sant'Agostino, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Antonella Fidanza
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Renato Balzarini Street 1, Campus Coste Sant'Agostino, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Federica Zacchini
- Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Postepu 36A, Jastrzębiec, 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland
| | - Robert Feil
- Institute of Molecular Genetics (IGMM), CNRS UMR-5535 and University of Montpellier, 1919 route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier, France
| | - Sandrine Curtet
- INSERM, U823, Institut Albert Bonniot, Université Grenoble Alpes, 38700 Grenoble, France
| | - Thierry Buchou
- INSERM, U823, Institut Albert Bonniot, Université Grenoble Alpes, 38700 Grenoble, France
| | - Hitoshi Shiota
- INSERM, U823, Institut Albert Bonniot, Université Grenoble Alpes, 38700 Grenoble, France
| | - Saadi Khochbin
- INSERM, U823, Institut Albert Bonniot, Université Grenoble Alpes, 38700 Grenoble, France
| | - Grazyna Ewa Ptak
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Renato Balzarini Street 1, Campus Coste Sant'Agostino, 64100 Teramo, Italy; Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Postepu 36A, Jastrzębiec, 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland; National Research Institute of Animal Production 1, Krakowska Street, 32-083 Balice n/Krakow, Poland
| | - Pasqualino Loi
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Renato Balzarini Street 1, Campus Coste Sant'Agostino, 64100 Teramo, Italy.
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Fidanza A, Toschi P, Zacchini F, Czernik M, Palmieri C, Scapolo P, Modlinski JA, Loi P, Ptak GE. Impaired Placental Vasculogenesis Compromises the Growth of Sheep Embryos Developed In Vitro1. Biol Reprod 2014; 91:21. [DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.113.113902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
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29
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Ptak GE, Toschi P, Fidanza A, Czernik M, Zacchini F, Modlinski JA, Loi P. Autophagy and apoptosis: parent-of-origin genome-dependent mechanisms of cellular self-destruction. Open Biol 2014; 4:140027. [PMID: 24898141 PMCID: PMC4077060 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.140027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2014] [Accepted: 05/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional genomic imprinting is necessary for the transfer of maternal resources to mammalian embryos. Imprint-free embryos are unable to establish a viable placental vascular network necessary for the transfer of resources such as nutrients and oxygen. How the parental origin of inherited genes influences cellular response to resource limitation is currently not well understood. Because such limitations are initially realized by the placenta, we studied how maternal and paternal genomes influence the cellular self-destruction responses of this organ specifically. Here, we show that cellular autophagy is prevalent in androgenetic (i.e. having only a paternal genome) placentae, while apoptosis is prevalent in parthenogenetic (i.e. having only a maternal genome) placentae. Our findings indicate that the parental origin of inherited genes determines the placenta's cellular death pathway: autophagy for androgenotes and apoptosis for parthenogenotes. The difference in time of arrest between androgenotes and parthenogenotes can be attributed, at least in part, to their placentae's selective use of these two cell death pathways. We anticipate our findings to be a starting point for general studies on the parent-of-origin regulation of autophagy. Furthermore, our work opens the door to new studies on the involvement of autophagy in pathologies of pregnancy in which the restricted transfer of maternal resources is diagnosed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grazyna E Ptak
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy Department of Experimental Embryology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzebiec Poland
| | - Paola Toschi
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Antonella Fidanza
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Marta Czernik
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Federica Zacchini
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Jacek A Modlinski
- Department of Experimental Embryology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzebiec Poland
| | - Pasqualino Loi
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
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30
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Czernik M, Fidanza A, Sardi M, Galli C, Brunetti D, Malatesta D, Della Salda L, Matsukawa K, Ptak GE, Loi P. Differentiation potential and GFP labeling of sheep bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. J Cell Biochem 2013; 114:134-43. [PMID: 22886939 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.24310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2012] [Accepted: 07/26/2012] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are an important cell population in the bone marrow microenvironment. MSCs have the capacity to differentiate in vitro into several mesenchymal tissues including bone, cartilage, fat, tendon, muscle, and marrow stroma. This study was designed to isolate, expand, and characterize the differentiation ability of sheep bone marrow-derived MSCs and to demonstrate the possibility to permanently express a reporter gene. Bone marrow was collected from the iliac crest and mononuclear cells were separated by density gradient centrifugation. Sheep MSCs cell lines were stable characterized as CD44+ and CD34- and then transfected with a green fluorescent protein (GFP) reporter gene. The GFP expression was maintained in about half (46.6%) of cloned blastocysts produced by nuclear transfer of GFP+ sheep MSCs, suggesting the possibility to establish multipotent embryonic cells' lines carrying the fluorescent tag for comparative studies on the differentiation capacity of adult stem cells (MSCs) versus embryonic stem cells. We found that sheep MSCs under appropriate culture conditions could be induced to differentiate into adipocytes, chondrocytes, and osteoblast lineages. Our results confirm the plasticity of sheep MSCs and establish the foundation for the development of a pre-clinical sheep model to test the efficiency and safety of cell replacement therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Czernik
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Science, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy.
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31
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Ptak GE, D'Agostino A, Toschi P, Fidanza A, Zacchini F, Czernik M, Monaco F, Loi P. Post-implantation mortality of in vitro produced embryos is associated with DNA methyltransferase 1 dysfunction in sheep placenta. Hum Reprod 2012; 28:298-305. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/des397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
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32
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Ptak G, Zacchini F, Czernik M, Fidanza A, Palmieri C, Della Salda L, Scapolo PA, Loi P. A short exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls deregulates cellular autophagy in mammalian blastocyst in vitro. Hum Reprod 2012; 27:1034-42. [PMID: 22298839 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/der454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are common environmental contaminants that represent an important risk factor of reproductive disorders in chronically exposed human populations. However, it is not known whether a short accidental exposure of embryos to PCBs before implantation might influence their further development and whether the effect might be reversible. METHODS AND RESULTS To this aim, in vitro-matured sheep blastocysts were incubated with 2 or 4 µg/ml Aroclor 1254 (A1254), a mixture of 60 PCB congeners for 48 h after which blastocyst proliferation and ability for outgrowth in vitro were assessed. Blastocysts exposed to A1254 showed: (i) reduced proliferation and cell number (particularly in the inner cell mass compartment); (ii) accumulation of vacuoles and lipid droplets, diffused mitochondrial damage and up-regulation of autophagy markers (ATG6 and LC3), all signs indicative of deregulated autophagy, and (iii) massive cell death. Although exposed embryos resumed growth following A1254 removal, their subsequent development remained severely perturbed. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that short exposure of blastocysts to PCBs leads to its damage characterized by deregulated autophagy and subsequent cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grazyna Ptak
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, University of Teramo, Piazza A. Moro 45, 64100 Teramo, Italy.
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33
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Malatesta D, Palmieri C, Polverini S, Fidanza A, Ptak G, Della Salda L. Impaired Placental Vascularization and Embryo Growth After In-vitro Manipulation in Sheep: A Morphometric Study. J Comp Pathol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2011.11.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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34
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Audisio M, Mastroiacovo P, Martinoli L, Fidanza A, Cappelli L, Pasquali Lasagni R, Tirelli C, Jacobelli G. [Serum values of vitamins A, E, C and carotenoids in healthy adult subjects and those with breast neoplasia]. Boll Soc Ital Biol Sper 1989; 65:473-80. [PMID: 2775553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Serum values of retinol, carotenoids, tocopherol and ascorbic acid were assayed in healthy adult females (Group A: 20 cases) and in subjects with fibrocistic mastopathy (Group B: 20 cases), benign breast neoplasms, as fibroadenomas and intraductal papillomas (Group C: 18 cases), and breast carcinoma in situ (Group D: 36 cases). Retinol and carotenoids were evaluated by spectrophotometry using trifluoroacetic acid. Tocopherol was determined by a colorimetric method involving the reduction of Fe to Fe++ by tocopherol with the formation of a red complex of the Fe++ with alpha, alpha'-dipirydyl. Ascorbic acid was estimated by a colorimetric method after derivatization with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine. Our results point out that there is a highly significant decrease (p less than 0.001) of average retinol serum levels in all three patient groups as compared with group A, whereas carotenoids resulted decreased but not significantly. Tocopherol was found to be significantly lower only in groups B (p less than 0.05) and D (p less than 0.01), ascorbic acid in groups B (p less than 0.01) C (p less than 0.05) and D (p less than 0.001).
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35
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Fidanza A, Piccardo M, Rosa M, Russo L, Martinoli L. [Effects of met-enkephalin on the transfer of C14 from alanine-C14 to glucose in the normal rat]. Boll Soc Ital Biol Sper 1987; 63:535-41. [PMID: 3651258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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36
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Audisio M, Fidanza A, Mastroiacovo P, Suraci C, Strollo F, Torella G, Di Pietro S. [Correlations between vitamins A and E and steroid hormones]. Boll Soc Ital Biol Sper 1987; 63:281-7. [PMID: 2958021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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37
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Audisio M, Fidanza A, Mastroiacovo P, Di Pietro S, De Maria S, Morè M, Suraci C. [Plasma tocopherol and retinol levels and their correlation with circulating lipids in healthy adult subjects]. Boll Soc Ital Biol Sper 1986; 62:1009-16. [PMID: 3790335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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38
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Fidanza A, Bruno C, Martinoli L, Audisio M. [Vitamin C and fatty acids from the plasma lipid fraction]. Boll Soc Ital Biol Sper 1983; 59:337-43. [PMID: 9704132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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39
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Fidanza A, Audisio M. Vitamins and lipid metabolism. Acta Vitaminol Enzymol 1982; 4:105-114. [PMID: 7124561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Vitamins play an essential role in lipid metabolism reactions and their presence is therefore absolutely necessary for these reaction to occur. The effect of pantothenic acid, niacin and riboflavin is here described. By transformation into coenzymes these vitamins are involved in fatty acid synthesis and oxidation reactions. Other vitamins, like vitamin B12, folic acid, vitamin C, and essential fatty acids influence lipid metabolism by different mechanisms. Coenzyme B12 and folate coenzyme provide to balance, by methionine synthesis, the pool of methyl radicals necessary for phospholipid biosynthesis. By its involvement in the microsomal respiratory chain, vitamin C promotes cholesterol transformation into bile acids. The essential fatty acids, mainly linoleic acid, are directly connected with cholesterol transport and plasma cholesterol decrease. It is suggested that many lipid metabolism disorders may be due to primary and secondary hypovitaminosis. Nicotinic acid and its derivatives have a particular pharmacological effect since they cause a HDL increase with LDL decrease and improve cholesterol transfer from LDL to HDL. Results of several experiments on the influence of pantothenic acid on polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolism are eventually reported, and these data are related to the effect of the administration of vitamin C at high doses on total cholesterol, triglyceride, lipoprotein, vitamin C and fatty acids of the different plasma lipid fractions.
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40
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Fidanza A, Martinoli L, Mastroiacovo P. Vitamin C in the plasma and in the leukocytes of Italians in different periods of the year. Br J Pharmacol 1979; 67:495P. [PMID: 19108304 PMCID: PMC2044022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
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41
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Fidanza A, Audisio M, Mastroiacovo P. [Correlations between plasmatic alpha-tocopherol and lipids in male adults]. Boll Soc Ital Biol Sper 1979; 55:1053-9. [PMID: 232984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Plasma levels of alpha-tocopherol, beta-carotene, total lipid, total cholesterol, beta-lipoproteins, and triglyceride were measured in healthy italian male adults of various age groups. Alpha-tocopherol mean values varied from 0.96 mg/100 ml in the subjects of 18-24 years to 1,14 mg/100 ml in the subjects of 25-64 years and to 1,08 mg/100 ml in those above 55 years. No value lower than the generally accepted minimum of 0,5 mg/100 ml was found. Correlation coefficients of all the variables were also studied. Alpha-tocopherol was shown to be significantly related to age and plasma cholesterol. These data agree with other authors' results.
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42
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Fidanza A, Martinoli L, Mastroiacovo P. [Vitamin C in the plasma and leukocytes of Italians in different periods of the year]. Boll Soc Ital Biol Sper 1979; 55:550-2. [PMID: 550885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
After briefly mentioning the factors which influence the vitamin C levels in tissues, the findings are reported of an investigation, conducted on 11 volunteers, in which some variations were revealed in vitamin C concentrations in the plasma and in the leukocytes of the subjects examined during a period of one year. The lowest levels were found in the months of March and December.
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43
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Fidanza A, Bruno C, Morganti P, Oddone G. [Scanning electron microscopic study of the hair of rats deficient in pantothenic acid]. Boll Soc Ital Biol Sper 1979; 55:559-63. [PMID: 550887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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44
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Fidanza A, Bruno C, De Cicco A, Floridi S, Martinoli L. [Effect of high doses of sodium pantothenate on the production of corticosteroids]. Boll Soc Ital Biol Sper 1978; 54:2248-50. [PMID: 754721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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45
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Quaglia GB, Avalle V, Fratoni A, Audisio M, Mastroiacovo P, Fidanza A. [The state of preservation of frozen Sardinia pilchardus]. Boll Soc Ital Biol Sper 1978; 54:1205-10. [PMID: 743427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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46
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Quaglia GB, Avalle V, Fratoni A, Audisio M, Fidanza A. [Effect of interruption of the cold chain on the tissue lipid composition of the Sardinia pilchardus preserved at -25 degrees C]. Boll Soc Ital Biol Sper 1978; 54:1199-204. [PMID: 743426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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47
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Quaglia GB, Fratoni A, Audisio M, Mastroiacovo P, Fidanza A. [Effect of freezing on the tissue lipid composition of Sardinia pilchardus]. Boll Soc Ital Biol Sper 1978; 54:1211-7. [PMID: 743428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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48
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Fidanza A, Bruno C, De Cicco A, Martinoli L, Audisio Viola M. [Studies on the fatty acid composition of tissue lipids in rats fed with a diet containing sunflower oil. I. Behavior of the total lipid fatty acids]. Boll Soc Ital Biol Sper 1978; 53:2497-503. [PMID: 637949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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49
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Fidanza A, Bruno C, De Cicco A, Martinoli L, Audisio Viola M. [Studies on the fatty acid composition of tissue lipids in rats fed with a diet containing sunflower oil. II. Behavior of the fatty acids in the lipid fractions]. Boll Soc Ital Biol Sper 1978; 53:2504-9. [PMID: 637950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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50
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Quaglia GB, Audisio M, Fabriani G, Fidanza A. [Effects of cooking on the fatty acid composition of the lipids of various species of frozen fish. I. Total fatty acid composition]. Boll Soc Ital Biol Sper 1974; 50:154-60. [PMID: 4447708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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