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Avinash B, Bharathi MB, Channanayak C, Vasthare R, Arron Lim YR, Nayak PP. Interprofessional collaboration in Paediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnoea (POSA) treatment: Assessment of professional orientation levels amongst otolaryngologists in South India. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2024; 14:180-184. [PMID: 38389715 PMCID: PMC10882163 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2024.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective The primary goal was to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice among otorhinolaryngologists regarding orthodontic intervention for Paediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnoea (POSA). Methods An online survey was conducted by sending an email invitation to members of The Association of Otorhinolaryngologists of Karnataka, India. A total of 141 otorhinolaryngologists participated in the survey. Results Most of the participants (70.2%) agreed that orthodontic interventions help in opening up the airway, but very few knew about its application in nasal obstruction management. Conclusion Otorhinolaryngologists are aware of dental effects of POSA and they believe that an interprofessional team is essential for its management. This learning can also be used to initiate interprofessional collaborations and academic and curricular improvisations for enhanced health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - M B Bharathi
- Dept of Otorhinolaryngology, JSS Medical College, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | | | - Ramprasad Vasthare
- Public Health Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, India
| | - Y R Arron Lim
- Discipline of Orthodontics, Department of Family Oral Health, Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Malaysia, Malaysia
| | - Prajna P Nayak
- Dept of Public Health Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental, Sciences, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, India
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Pitchaimani J, BS R, MB B, Kulkarni SP, R S, Moudgalya SKA, HN M, HS P. New Age Hearing Testing at your Fingertips: Shravana Mitra App. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2024; 76:322-328. [PMID: 38440607 PMCID: PMC10908892 DOI: 10.1007/s12070-023-04157-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION WHO estimated the prevalence of disabling hearing loss is 5% of the world population (430 million). People with a risk of hearing loss from noise exposure, ototoxic drugs, and comorbidities need regular hearing assessments. It is done by pure tone audiometry (PTA), requiring a skilled audiologist, special equipment, and a soundproof room. Modern technologies can help in overcoming these barriers. This study aimed to fill the lacuna by developing a new android-based application "Shravana Mitra" (Hearing companion) with features of both air conduction (AC) and bone conduction (BC) testing. OBJECTIVES To develop, corroborate and compare smartphone application-based audiometry with PTA. METHODOLOGY This study was done in three phases -(i) development of a mobile application, (ii) app validation in healthy individuals (iii) testing and comparison of results with PTA in individuals visiting OPD. The third phase was done as a cross-sectional observational study including 780 individuals visiting OPD of 10-60 years of age. RESULTS The mean age of the study population was 32.89 years with female preponderance (57%). In AC testing, 83% of the pure tone average of the mobile application was within 5 dB of PTA thresholds and 99% was within 10 dB and for BC testing, 81% was within 5 dB of PTA thresholds and 98% within 10 dB. CONCLUSION Our user-friendly mobile application- Shravana Mitra is the first Indian application available in the google play store with both AC & BC testing, multiple language options and accuracy similar to PTA. Thus, it can be used as the best hearing screening tool in camps, high-risk individuals, or any healthcare setup requiring initial hearing assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaishree Pitchaimani
- Department of ENT and Head & Neck Surgery, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research (JSSAHER), Mysuru, 570004 Karnataka India
| | - Rakesh BS
- Department of ENT and Head & Neck Surgery, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research (JSSAHER), Mysuru, 570004 Karnataka India
| | - Bharathi MB
- Department of ENT and Head & Neck Surgery, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research (JSSAHER), Mysuru, 570004 Karnataka India
| | - Sudarshan Patil Kulkarni
- Department of Electronics & Communication, Sri Jayachamarajendra College of Engineering, JSS Science and Technology University (JSSSTU), Mysuru, 570006 Karnataka India
| | - Shashidhar R
- Department of Electronics & Communication, Sri Jayachamarajendra College of Engineering, JSS Science and Technology University (JSSSTU), Mysuru, 570006 Karnataka India
| | - Sumukh KA Moudgalya
- Department of Electronics & Communication, Sri Jayachamarajendra College of Engineering, JSS Science and Technology University (JSSSTU), Mysuru, 570006 Karnataka India
| | - Mahendhar HN
- Department of Electronics & Communication, Sri Jayachamarajendra College of Engineering, JSS Science and Technology University (JSSSTU), Mysuru, 570006 Karnataka India
| | - Prajwal HS
- Department of Electronics & Communication, Sri Jayachamarajendra College of Engineering, JSS Science and Technology University (JSSSTU), Mysuru, 570006 Karnataka India
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3
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Abdulkader RS, Ponnaiah M, Bhatnagar T, S D, Rozario AG, K G, Mohan M, E M, Saravanakumar D, Moorthy A, Tyagi AK, Parmar BD, Devaraja K, Medikeri G, Ojah J, Srivastava K, K K, Das N, B N, Sharma P, Kumar Parida P, Kumar Saravanam P, Kulkarni P, S P, Patil S P, Kumar Bagla R, D R, S Melkundi R, S Satpute S, Narayanan S, Jahagirdar S, Dube S, Kumar Panigrahi S, Babu D S, Saini V, Singh Saxena R, Srivastava A, Chandra Baishya A, Garg A, Kumar Mishra A, Jyoti Talukdar A, Kankaria A, Karat A, Sundaresh Kumar A, Chug A, Vankundre A, Ramaswamy B, MB B, R Jadav B, Dhiwakar M, Ghate G, Shah HV, Saha I, Sivapuram K, J Joshi K, Singh M, Chand Bairwa M, K D, K K, E M, Samagh N, Dinakaran N, Gupta N, Gupta N, M Nagarkar N, Solanki N, Kumar Panda P, Bachalli P, Shanbag R, Patil R, Kumar A R, Narayan Patil R, Thookkanaickenpalayam Vijayaraghavan R, Hanumantappa R, A R, Mandal SK, Kishve SP, Varghese Thomas S, Sarkar S, Thakur S, Patil S, Lakshmanan S, D Rao S, V S, Nayak T, Dixit UR, B U, Backiavathy V, Shenoy V, Hallur VK, Bhatnagar A, Murhekar MV. Baseline findings of a multicentric ambispective cohort study (2021-2022) among hospitalised mucormycosis patients in India. Mycology 2024; 15:70-84. [PMID: 38558844 PMCID: PMC10976993 DOI: 10.1080/21501203.2023.2271928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
In India, the incidence of mucormycosis reached high levels during 2021-2022, coinciding with the COVID-19 pandemic. In response to this, we established a multicentric ambispective cohort of patients hospitalised with mucormycosis across India. In this paper, we report their baseline profile, clinical characteristics and outcomes at discharge. Patients hospitalized for mucormycosis during March-July 2021 were included. Mucormycosis was diagnosed based on mycological confirmation on direct microscopy (KOH/Calcofluor white stain), culture, histopathology, or supportive evidence from endoscopy or imaging. After consent, trained data collectors used medical records and telephonic interviews to capture data in a pre-tested structured questionnaire. At baseline, we recruited 686 patients from 26 study hospitals, of whom 72.3% were males, 78% had a prior history of diabetes, 53.2% had a history of corticosteroid treatment, and 80% were associated with COVID-19. Pain, numbness or swelling of the face were the commonest symptoms (73.3%). Liposomal Amphotericin B was the commonest drug formulation used (67.1%), and endoscopic sinus surgery was the most common surgical procedure (73.6%). At discharge, the disease was stable in 43.3%, in regression for 29.9% but 9.6% died during hospitalization. Among survivors, commonly reported disabilities included facial disfigurement (18.4%) and difficulties in chewing/swallowing (17.8%). Though the risk of mortality was only 1 in 10, the disability due to the disease was very high. This cohort study could enhance our understanding of the disease's clinical progression and help frame standard treatment guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tarun Bhatnagar
- ICMR-National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Devika S
- ICMR-National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Gayathri K
- ICMR-National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Malu Mohan
- ICMR-National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Michaelraj E
- ICMR-National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Aditya Moorthy
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Trustwell Hospitals Private Limited, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Amit Kumar Tyagi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology (ENT), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Bhagirathsinh D Parmar
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery (ENT-HNS), CU Shah Medical College, Surendranagar, Gujarat, India
| | - K Devaraja
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology (ENT), Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Gaurav Medikeri
- Department of Skull base Surgery, Healthcare Global Pvt Ltd, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Jutika Ojah
- Department of Community Medicine, Gauhati Medical College, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Kajal Srivastava
- Department of Community Medicine, Dr D Y Patil Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Karthikeyan K
- Department of Community Medicine, PSG Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Nandini Das
- Department of Pathology, Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Niharika B
- Department of Community Medicine, Government Medical College, Ananthapuramu, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Parul Sharma
- Department of Community Medicine, GMERS Medical College, Dharpur, Patan, Gujarat, India
| | - Pradipta Kumar Parida
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology (ENT), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneshwar, Odisha, India
| | - Prasanna Kumar Saravanam
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology (ENT), Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, Porur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Praveen Kulkarni
- Department of Community Medicine, JSS Medical College, Mysore, Karnataka, India
| | - Priya S
- Department of Community Medicine, Madurai Medical College, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Pushpa Patil S
- Department of Community Medicine, SDM College of Medical Sciences and Hospital, Dharwad, Karnataka, India
| | - Rahul Kumar Bagla
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology (ENT), Government Institute of Medical Sciences, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ramesh D
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology (ENT), Sundaram Medical Foundation, Dr Rangarajan Memorial Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Renuka S Melkundi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology (ENT), Gulbarga Institute of Medical Sciences, Kalaburagi, Karnataka, India
| | - Satish S Satpute
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery (ENT-HNS), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chattisgarh, India
| | - Seetharaman Narayanan
- Department of Community Medicine, KMCH Institute of Health Sciences and Research, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Shubhashri Jahagirdar
- Department of Community Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Simmi Dube
- Department of Medicine, Gandhi Medical College, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Sunil Kumar Panigrahi
- Department of Community Medicine, Dr Vasantrao Pawar Medical College, Nashik, Maharashtra, India
| | - Surendra Babu D
- Department of Community Medicine, ESIC Medical College and Hospital, Hyderabad, Telengana, India
| | - Vaibhav Saini
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology (ENT), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Rita Singh Saxena
- Department of Medicine, Gandhi Medical College, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Abhinav Srivastava
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology (ENT), Government Institute of Medical Sciences, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | | | - Ajai Garg
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology (ENT), Government Institute of Medical Sciences, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Amit Kumar Mishra
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery (ENT-HNS), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chattisgarh, India
| | - Anjan Jyoti Talukdar
- Department of Community Medicine, Gauhati Medical College, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Ankita Kankaria
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology (ENT), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Arathi Karat
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology (ENT), Medikeri Super speciality ENT Centre, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Arul Sundaresh Kumar
- Department of Community Medicine, Madurai Medical College, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ashi Chug
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology (ENT), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Ashok Vankundre
- Department of Community Medicine, Dr Vasantrao Pawar Medical College, Nashik, Maharashtra, India
| | - Balakrishnan Ramaswamy
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology (ENT), Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Bharathi MB
- Department of Community Medicine, JSS Medical College, Mysore, Karnataka, India
| | - Bhargav R Jadav
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery (ENT-HNS), CU Shah Medical College, Surendranagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Muthuswamy Dhiwakar
- Department of Community Medicine, KMCH Institute of Health Sciences and Research, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Girija Ghate
- Department of Community Medicine, Dr D Y Patil Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Hardik V Shah
- Department of Community Medicine, GMERS Medical College, Dharpur, Patan, Gujarat, India
| | - Ipsita Saha
- Department of Pathology, Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Kavya Sivapuram
- Department of Community Medicine, JSS Medical College, Mysore, Karnataka, India
| | - Krupal J Joshi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Apollo Specialty Hospitals, Vanagaram, Chennai, India
| | - Mahendra Singh
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology (ENT), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Mukesh Chand Bairwa
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology (ENT), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Divya K
- Department of Community Medicine, PSG Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Karthikeyan K
- Department of Community Medicine, PSG Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Muthurajesh E
- Department of Community Medicine, Madurai Medical College, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Navneh Samagh
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology (ENT), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Nethra Dinakaran
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology (ENT), Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, Porur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Nikhil Gupta
- Department of Medicine, Gandhi Medical College, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Nitin Gupta
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology (ENT), Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Nitin M Nagarkar
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery (ENT-HNS), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chattisgarh, India
| | - Nitin Solanki
- Department of Community Medicine, GMERS Medical College, Dharpur, Patan, Gujarat, India
| | - Prasan Kumar Panda
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology (ENT), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Prithvi Bachalli
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Trustwell Hospitals Private Limited, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Raghunath Shanbag
- Department of Community Medicine, SDM College of Medical Sciences and Hospital, Dharwad, Karnataka, India
| | - Rajashri Patil
- Department of Community Medicine, Dr D Y Patil Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar A
- Department of Community Medicine, Government Medical College, Ananthapuramu, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Rakesh Narayan Patil
- Department of Community Medicine, Dr Vasantrao Pawar Medical College, Nashik, Maharashtra, India
| | | | - Ramesh Hanumantappa
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology (ENT), Gulbarga Institute of Medical Sciences, Kalaburagi, Karnataka, India
| | - Rathinavel A
- Department of Community Medicine, Madurai Medical College, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Saleel Kumar Mandal
- Department of Pathology, Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | | | - Sara Varghese Thomas
- Department of Community Medicine, KMCH Institute of Health Sciences and Research, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Saurav Sarkar
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology (ENT), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneshwar, Odisha, India
| | - Shalini Thakur
- Department of Skull base Surgery, Healthcare Global Pvt Ltd, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Siddaram Patil
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology (ENT), Gulbarga Institute of Medical Sciences, Kalaburagi, Karnataka, India
| | - Somu Lakshmanan
- Department of Community Medicine, Government Medical College, Ananthapuramu, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Srinivas D Rao
- Department of Community Medicine, Government Medical College, Ananthapuramu, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Sumathi V
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology (ENT), Sundaram Medical Foundation, Dr Rangarajan Memorial Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Tulasi Nayak
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Trustwell Hospitals Private Limited, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Umesh R Dixit
- Department of Community Medicine, SDM College of Medical Sciences and Hospital, Dharwad, Karnataka, India
| | - Unnikrishnan B
- Department of Community Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Varsha Backiavathy
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology (ENT), Sundaram Medical Foundation, Dr Rangarajan Memorial Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vijendra Shenoy
- Department of Community Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Vinay Kumar Hallur
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology (ENT), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneshwar, Odisha, India
| | - Aparna Bhatnagar
- Department of Ophthalmology, Apollo Specialty Hospitals, Vanagaram, Chennai, India
| | - Manoj V Murhekar
- ICMR-National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Trustwell Hospitals Private Limited, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology (ENT), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery (ENT-HNS), CU Shah Medical College, Surendranagar, Gujarat, India
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology (ENT), Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
- Department of Skull base Surgery, Healthcare Global Pvt Ltd, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
- Department of Community Medicine, Gauhati Medical College, Guwahati, Assam, India
- Department of Community Medicine, Dr D Y Patil Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Pune, Maharashtra, India
- Department of Community Medicine, PSG Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
- Department of Pathology, Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
- Department of Community Medicine, Government Medical College, Ananthapuramu, Andhra Pradesh, India
- Department of Community Medicine, GMERS Medical College, Dharpur, Patan, Gujarat, India
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology (ENT), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneshwar, Odisha, India
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology (ENT), Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, Porur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
- Department of Community Medicine, JSS Medical College, Mysore, Karnataka, India
- Department of Community Medicine, Madurai Medical College, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
- Department of Community Medicine, SDM College of Medical Sciences and Hospital, Dharwad, Karnataka, India
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology (ENT), Government Institute of Medical Sciences, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology (ENT), Sundaram Medical Foundation, Dr Rangarajan Memorial Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology (ENT), Gulbarga Institute of Medical Sciences, Kalaburagi, Karnataka, India
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery (ENT-HNS), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chattisgarh, India
- Department of Community Medicine, KMCH Institute of Health Sciences and Research, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
- Department of Community Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
- Department of Medicine, Gandhi Medical College, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
- Department of Community Medicine, Dr Vasantrao Pawar Medical College, Nashik, Maharashtra, India
- Department of Community Medicine, ESIC Medical College and Hospital, Hyderabad, Telengana, India
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology (ENT), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bathinda, Punjab, India
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology (ENT), Medikeri Super speciality ENT Centre, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
- Department of Ophthalmology, Apollo Specialty Hospitals, Vanagaram, Chennai, India
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Kameswaran M, Bharathi MB, Periera C, Chandra S, Reddy HK, Gupta M, Sholapuri D, Peethamabaran K. Effectiveness and Safety of Prochlorperazine in Indian Patients with Acute Vertigo: Results from a Large, Prospective, Post-marketing Observational Study. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2023; 75:3152-3160. [PMID: 38027535 PMCID: PMC10646058 DOI: 10.1007/s12070-023-03831-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim To assess the efficacy and safety of prochlorperazine in Indian patients with acute vertigo. Methods In this prospective, multicenter, open-label, post-marketing observational study, patients with acute peripheral vertigo of different etiologies received 5 mg prochlorperazine thrice a day for 5 days. The primary endpoints were percentage of patients with improvement in (1) vertigo symptoms and (2) clinical response as per scale for vestibular vertigo severity level and clinical response evaluation (SVVSLCRE) from baseline to end of treatment (Day 6). The key secondary endpoints were (1) improvement in nystagmus grading, and (2) safety and tolerability Efficacy of prochlorperazine by route of administration of first prochlorperazine dose (oral or intramuscular) was also assessed. Results Of 1716 enrolled patients (mean [standard deviation, SD]) age (42.0 [12.95] years; 53.6% men), 57.4% were diagnosed with Meniere's disease, followed by vestibular neuritis (17.4%), labyrinthitis (16.7%), or ear surgery (8.5%). In the overall population, 91.1% of patients showed improvement in clinical response per SVVSLCRE grading at Day 6 (p < 0.0001 vs. non-responders). Nystagmus grading was improved in 99.7% (of patients. No adverse drug reactions events were reported. Tolerability of prochlorperazine was rated as good, very good, and excellent by 43.6%, 32.9% and 20.7% of patients, respectively. Among patients with postoperative vertigo, 80.1% showed improvement in clinical response. In the intramuscular and oral subsets, 85.5% and 92.1% of patients showed improved clinical response, respectively. Conclusion Prochlorperazine showed improvement in severity of symptoms and clinical response in all subsets of vertigo patients, with a good safety and tolerability profile. Trial Registration Number CTRI/2022/01/039287. Date of Registration 10 January 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohan Kameswaran
- Madras ENT Research Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu India
- Madras ENT Research Foundation, No-1, 1st Cross Street Off, 2nd Main Road, Raja Annamalaipuram, 600028 Chennai, Tamil Nadu India
| | | | - Carlton Periera
- Bosco ENT Nursing and Research Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra India
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5
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Menon NN, Bharathi MB. Rare Presentation of Venous Malformation in Parapharyngeal Space. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2023; 75:2453-2455. [PMID: 37636612 PMCID: PMC10447762 DOI: 10.1007/s12070-023-03683-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Venous malformations are commonly seen in muscles like masseter, temporalis, tongue musculature, oral and airway mucosa in the head and neck region but is rarely seen in parapharyngeal space. Case Summary We report a case of a 60 year female patient who presented with foreign body sensation of throat, sticky sensation and dysphagia to solids for 2 years. She was subjected to relevant investigations including MRI and USG guided FNAC. Following which she underwent endoscopic parapharyngeal space tumour excision and specimen was sent for HPE. Post operatively patient is doing well and symptomatically better. She is being followed up on regular basis. Conclusion Parapharyngeal space tumours accounts for only 0.5% of head and neck tumours, of which 70 to 80% are benign and the rest are malignant. Out of the benign tumours of parapharyngeal space we should also keep in mind rare tumours like venous malformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nandini N Menon
- Department of Surgical oncology, BLK- MAX Super speciality hospital, Pusa road, Rajendra Place, Delhi, 110005 India
| | - M B Bharathi
- ENT and Head and Neck surgery, JSS Medical college and hospital, Mysore, Karanataka India
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Gowrav MP, Siree KG, Amulya TM, Bharathi MB, Ghazwani M, Alamri A, Alalkami AY, Kumar TMP, Ahmed MM, Rahamathulla M. Novel Rhinological Application of Polylactic Acid-An In Vitro Study. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15112521. [PMID: 37299320 DOI: 10.3390/polym15112521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel approach to the treatment of sinusitis is the use of nasal stents. The stent is loaded with a corticosteroid, which prevents complications in the wound-healing process. The design is such that it will prevent the sinus from closing again. The stent is 3D printed using a fused deposition modeling printer, which enhances the customization. The polymer utilized for the purpose of 3D printing is polylactic acid (PLA). The compatibility between the drugs and polymers is confirmed by FT-IR and DSC. The drug is loaded onto the polymer by soaking the stent in the drug's solvent, known as the solvent casting method. Using this method, approximately 68% of drug loading is found to be achieved onto the PLA filaments, and a total of 72.8% of drug loading is obtained in terms of the 3D-printed stent. Drug loading is confirmed by the morphological characteristics of the stent by SEM, where the loaded drug is clearly visible as white specks on the surface of the stent. Drug release characterization is conducted by dissolution studies, which also confirm drug loading. The dissolution studies show that the release of drugs from the stent is constant and not erratic. Biodegradation studies were conducted after increasing the rate of degradation of PLA by soaking it in PBS for a predetermined duration of time. The mechanical properties of the stent, such as stress factor and maximum displacement, are discussed. The stent has a hairpin-like mechanism for opening inside the nasal cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M P Gowrav
- Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India
| | - K G Siree
- Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India
| | - T M Amulya
- Department of ENT, JSS Medical College and Hospital, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570004, Karnataka, India
| | - M B Bharathi
- Department of ENT, JSS Medical College and Hospital, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570004, Karnataka, India
| | - Mohammed Ghazwani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Alamri
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulatef Y Alalkami
- Department of Pharmacy, Mental Health Hospital, Ministry of Health, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - T M Pramod Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India
| | - Mohammed Muqtader Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdul Aziz University, Al Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Rahamathulla
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
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Bharathi M, Indira S, Vinoth G, Shanmuga Bharathi K. Implanted mixed ligand Ni complex of phenolic Schiff base and 2, 2’ bipyridine on MCM-41 as an efficient catalyst for Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling reactions: a greener approach. Res Chem Intermed 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-022-04786-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Abstract
Software Product Lines(SPLs) covers a mixture of features for testing Software Application Program(SPA). Testing cost reduction is a major metric of software testing. In combinatorial testing(CT), maximization of fault type coverage and test suite reduction plays a key role to reduce the testing cost of SPA. Metaheuristic Genetic Algorithm(GA) do not offer best outcome for test suite optimization problem due to mutation operation and required more computational time. So, Fault-Type Coverage Based Ant Colony Optimization(FTCBACO) algorithm is offered for test suite reduction in CT. FTCBACO algorithm starts with test cases in test suite and assign separate ant to each test case. Ants elect best test cases by updating of pheromone trails and selection of higher probability trails. Best test case path of ant with least time are taken as optimal solution for performing CT. Hence, FTCBACO Technique enriches reduction rate of test suite and minimizes computational time of reducing test cases efficiently for CT.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Bharathi
- Department of Computer Science, Government Arts and Science College, Pennagaram, India
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Bharathi M. Hybrid Particle Swarm and Ranked Firefly Metaheuristic Optimization-Based Software Test Case Minimization. International Journal of Applied Metaheuristic Computing 2022. [DOI: 10.4018/ijamc.290534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Software testing is a valuable and time-consuming activity that aims to improve the software quality. Due to its significance, combinatorial testing focuses on fault identification by the interaction of small amount of input factors. But, deep testing is not sufficient due to time or resources availability. To select the optimal test cases with least computation time, Hybrid Multi Criteria Particle Swarm and Ranked Firefly Metaheuristic Optimization(HMCPW-RFMO) technique are introduced. Initially, the population of the test cases is randomly initialized. Then the fitness is calculated by the pairwise coverage, execution cost, fault detection capability and average execution frequency. RFM approach starts with ‘n’ fireflies. The light intensity of each firefly gets initialized.If the light intensity of one firefly is minor than the other one, it moves near the brighter one. Next, the rank is given to the firefly based on their light intensity. Lastly, the high ranked firefly is chosen as a global best solution.The result reveals that HMCPW-RFMO technique improves the software quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Bharathi
- Government Arts and Science College, Pennagaram, India
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Bharathi MB, Kumar MRA, Prakash BG, Shetty S, Sivapuram K, Madhan S. New Visionary in Upper Airway Surgeries-THRIVE, a Tubeless Ventilation. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2021; 73:246-251. [PMID: 34150599 DOI: 10.1007/s12070-021-02491-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
THRIVE stands for Transnasal Humidified Rapid Insufflation Ventilatory Exchange. Usage of THRIVE technique is common in emergency settings and of late its usage in upper airway surgeries is gaining popularity. (1) To determine the operative time, total anaesthesia time, safety and efficacy of THRIVE in patients undergoing upper airway surgeries for varied pathologies. (2) To assess the surgeon's satisfaction and patients post-operative comfort. An observational study was from May 2019 to Oct 2020. Study was conducted through a detailed proforma which consists of patient demographic details, physical status, co-morbidities and various domains to assess the safety and efficacy of THRIVE. A total of 32 patients were divided into four groups depending on the type of surgery. We had 18 patients in microlaryngeal excision, six in direct laryngoscopy and biopsy, four in tracheostomy and four in balloon dilatation for subglottic stenosis groups. The mean operation time was 16 ± 2 min in the first three groups and 29 ± 0.8 in the fourth group. All the patients underwent successful surgeries without any episodes of desaturation, without complications and with good surgical satisfaction. THRIVE with appropriate safety precautions can be tried in patients undergoing various upper airway surgeries of short duration. All the patients in our study maintained stable vital parameters throughout the surgery. Initial results with the use of THRIVE as per our study and other studies are definitely encouraging to use THRIVE in upper airway surgeries with varied pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- M B Bharathi
- Department of ENT, Head and Neck Surgery, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research (JSSAHER), Mysore, Karnataka 570004 India
| | - M R Anil Kumar
- Department of Anaesthesiology, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research (JSSAHER), Mysore, Karnataka 570004 India
| | - B G Prakash
- Department of ENT, Head and Neck Surgery, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research (JSSAHER), Mysore, Karnataka 570004 India
| | - Sandeep Shetty
- Department of ENT, Head and Neck Surgery, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research (JSSAHER), Mysore, Karnataka 570004 India
| | - Kavya Sivapuram
- Department of ENT, Head and Neck Surgery, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research (JSSAHER), Mysore, Karnataka 570004 India
| | - Sriram Madhan
- Department of ENT, Head and Neck Surgery, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research (JSSAHER), Mysore, Karnataka 570004 India
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Abstract
This paper presents a Fractional Fourier transform based reversible data hiding technique to secure the data transmitted over communication network. The proposed algorithm modifies the cover image to improve the robustness of data hiding technique. The cover image is transformed using Fractional Fourier Transform (FrFT) into a time-frequency domain and the optimal pixel locations for hiding the secret data are found using firefly algorithm. Firefly algorithm uses multi-objective function, which is a combination of Structural Similarity Index Measure (SSIM) and Bit Error rate (BER). The histogram shifting technique embeds secret data in the optimal pixel locations. The quality of test images is analyzed under varying payload as well as under varying fractional order. Experimental results conclude that this scheme produces good quality stego image. It has also been found from the simulation results that the proposed algorithm is more robust and reversible against various attacks as it provides lower bit error rate and higher normalization coefficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Amsaveni
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Kumaraguru College of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India
| | - M. Bharathi
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Kumaraguru College of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India
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Bharathi MB, Rakesh BS, Rudrappa B, Aggarwal N, de K. Neurogenic tumors of parapharyngeal space – Clinical evaluation and management: Our experience. J Head Neck Physicians Surg 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/jhnps.jhnps_1_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Bharathi M, Senthil Kumar N, Chellapandi P. Functional Prediction and Assignment of Methanobrevibacter ruminantium M1 Operome Using a Combined Bioinformatics Approach. Front Genet 2020; 11:593990. [PMID: 33391347 PMCID: PMC7772410 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.593990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Methanobrevibacter ruminantium M1 (MRU) is a rod-shaped rumen methanogen with the ability to use H2 and CO2, and formate as substrates for methane formation in the ruminants. Enteric methane emitted from this organism can also be influential to the loss of dietary energy in ruminants and humans. To date, there is no successful technology to reduce methane due to a lack of knowledge on its molecular machinery and 73% conserved hypothetical proteins (HPs; operome) whose functions are still not ascertained perceptively. To address this issue, we have predicted and assigned a precise function to HPs and categorize them as metabolic enzymes, binding proteins, and transport proteins using a combined bioinformatics approach. The results of our study show that 257 (34%) HPs have well-defined functions and contributed essential roles in its growth physiology and host adaptation. The genome-neighborhood analysis identified 6 operon-like clusters such as hsp, TRAM, dsr, cbs and cas, which are responsible for protein folding, sudden heat-shock, host defense, and protection against the toxicities in the rumen. The functions predicted from MRU operome comprised of 96 metabolic enzymes with 17 metabolic subsystems, 31 transcriptional regulators, 23 transport, and 11 binding proteins. Functional annotation of its operome is thus more imperative to unravel the molecular and cellular machinery at the systems-level. The functional assignment of its operome would advance strategies to develop new anti-methanogenic targets to mitigate methane production. Hence, our approach provides new insight into the understanding of its growth physiology and lifestyle in the ruminants and also to reduce anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bharathi
- Molecular Systems Engineering Lab, Department of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, India
| | - N Senthil Kumar
- Human Genetics Lab, Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Mizoram University (Central University), Aizawl, India
| | - P Chellapandi
- Molecular Systems Engineering Lab, Department of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, India
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Bharathi M, Indira S, Vinoth G, Mahalakshmi T, Induja E, Shanmuga Bharathi K. Green synthesis of benzimidazole derivatives under ultrasound irradiation using Cu-Schiff base complexes embedded over MCM-41 as efficient and reusable catalysts. J COORD CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2020.1730335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Bharathi
- Department of Chemistry, Periyar University, Salem, India
| | - S. Indira
- Department of Chemistry, Periyar University, Salem, India
| | - G. Vinoth
- Department of Chemistry, Periyar University, Salem, India
| | - T. Mahalakshmi
- Department of Chemistry, Periyar University, Salem, India
| | - E. Induja
- Department of Chemistry, Periyar University, Salem, India
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Singh V, Rakesh BS, Bharathi MB, Harish Nag K. Evaluation of outer hair cells function of non-operated ear after mastoid drilling using distortion-product otoacoustic emissions. J Med Res 2019. [DOI: 10.31254/jmr.2019.5307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Aim: To analyze the effect of acoustic and mechanical trauma of drilling on the outer hair cell function of the non operated ear using distortion-product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE’s) after mastoidectomy and its relation with the duration of drilling, age, and gender of the patient along with duration and permanency of the effects. Study Design: Observational study. Materials and Methods: Screening DPOAE’s were recorded preoperatively, immediate postoperative period, one hour postoperatively, 1st and 7th postoperative days in the normal ear in 94 patients who underwent tympanomastoidectomy for unilateral chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM). DPOAE’s were measured using Neuro-audio-screener (Neurosoft Inc.) at 1.5 KHz, 2.1 KHz, 3.3 KHz, and 4.2 KHz. If DPOAE’s were absent preoperatively, the patients were not evaluated further and patients who had absent DPOAE’s post-operatively were successively followed till DPOAE’s were regained. Results: Of the 94 patients included, in 62 patients DPOAE’s were present preoperatively. Out of these 62, in 30 patients DPOAE’s were absent immediate postoperatively. On repeat testing, DPOAE’s were absent in 20 patients after 1 hour and in 8 patients after 1 day. On re-evaluation of these 8 patients after 1 week all of them had regained the DPOAE’s. In terms of duration of drilling, 66.6% patients in immediate post operative period, 90% patients in 1-hour post operative and 100 % patients on post operative day 1, having absent DPOAE’s had drilling time more than 60 minutes. Patients more than 30 years of age are affected more, but there is no preponderance for any gender. Conclusion: Nonoperated ear does have the effect of acoustic and mechanical trauma by vibration transmitted from another side during drilling of the operative ear mastoid bone. This effect is temporary and depends on the duration of drilling also.
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Sangavai C, Bharathi M, Ganesh SP, Chellapandi P. Kinetic modeling of Stickland reactions-coupled methanogenesis for a methanogenic culture. AMB Express 2019; 9:82. [PMID: 31183623 PMCID: PMC6557928 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-019-0803-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Studying amino acid catabolism-coupled methanogenesis is the important standpoints to decipher the metabolic behavior of a methanogenic culture. l-Glycine and l-alanine are acted as sole carbon and nitrogen sources for acidogenic bacteria. One amino acid is oxidized and another one is reduced for acetate production via pyruvate by oxidative deamination process in the Stickland reactions. Herein, we have developed a kinetic model for the Stickland reactions-coupled methanogenesis (SRCM) and simulated objectively to maximize the rate of methane production. We collected the metabolic information from enzyme kinetic parameters for amino acid catabolism of Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824 and methanogenesis of Methanosarcina acetivorans C2A. The SRCM model of this study consisted of 18 reactions and 61 metabolites with enzyme kinetic parameters derived experimental data. The internal or external metabolic flux rate of this system found to control the acidogenesis and methanogenesis in a methanogenic culture. Using the SRCM model, flux distributions were calculated for each reaction and metabolite in order to maximize the methane production rate from the glycine–alanine pair. Results of this study, we demonstrated the metabolic behavior, metabolite pairing while mutually interact, and advantages of syntrophic metabolism of amino acid-directed methane production in a methanogenic starter culture.
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Sasikala S, Bharathi M, Ezhilarasi M, Senthil S, Reddy MR. Particle swarm optimization based fusion of ultrasound echographic and elastographic texture features for improved breast cancer detection. Australas Phys Eng Sci Med 2019; 42:677-688. [DOI: 10.1007/s13246-019-00765-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Sujitha K, Bharathi M, Lakshminarayana S, Shareef A, Lavanya B, SivKumar V. Physical Properties of Heat Cure Denture Base Resin after Incorporation of Methacrylic Acid. Contemp Clin Dent 2018; 9:S251-S255. [PMID: 30294153 PMCID: PMC6169284 DOI: 10.4103/ccd.ccd_172_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Heat cure acrylic resins are the most commonly used denture base materials. The important limitation is they may act as reservoir of microorganisms. The adherence of microorganisms can be reduced by chemical modification of the surface charge of denture base resin. Incorporation of methacrylic acid (MA) in the denture base resin gives a negative surface charge. A denture base having a negative surface charge may hinder the initial adhesion of microorganisms through repulsive electrostatic forces. Aims and Objectives The present in vitro study was performed to determine the effect of addition of antimicrobial agent MA on the flexural strength and surface roughness of heat cure denture base resin. Materials and Methods A total of 90 heat cure acrylic specimens were prepared. Of 90 specimens, 30 were prepared as Group I control group without addition of MA. Groups II and III specimens were prepared by adding 10% and 20% MA, respectively. Using universal testing machine and surface roughness tester, flexural strength and surface roughness of specimens measured. Results In the present study, decrease in the flexural strength was observed when the concentration of the MA increased in the denture base resin. A slight increase in the surface roughness was observed as the concentration of MA increased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kotha Sujitha
- Department of Prosthodontics and Crown and Bridge, SJM Dental College Sciences and Hospital, Chitradurga, Karnataka, India
| | - M Bharathi
- Department of Prosthodontics and Crown and Bridge, G Pulla Reddy Dental College and Hospital, Kurnool, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - S Lakshminarayana
- Department of Prosthodontics and Crown and Bridge, G Pulla Reddy Dental College and Hospital, Kurnool, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Afsar Shareef
- Department of Prosthodontics and Crown and Bridge, G Pulla Reddy Dental College and Hospital, Kurnool, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - B Lavanya
- Department of Prosthodontics and Crown and Bridge, G Pulla Reddy Dental College and Hospital, Kurnool, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - V SivKumar
- Department of Prosthodontics and Crown and Bridge, G Pulla Reddy Dental College and Hospital, Kurnool, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Chellapandi P, Bharathi M, Sangavai C, Prathiviraj R. Methanobacterium formicicum as a target rumen methanogen for the development of new methane mitigation interventions: A review. Vet Anim Sci 2018; 6:86-94. [PMID: 32734058 PMCID: PMC7386643 DOI: 10.1016/j.vas.2018.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Revised: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Methanobacterium formicicum (Methanobacteriaceae family) is an endosymbiotic methanogenic Archaean found in the digestive tracts of ruminants and elsewhere. It has been significantly implicated in global CH4 emission during enteric fermentation processes. In this review, we discuss current genomic and metabolic aspects of this microorganism for the purpose of the discovery of novel veterinary therapeutics. This microorganism encompasses a typical H2 scavenging system, which facilitates a metabolic symbiosis across the H2 producing cellulolytic bacteria and fumarate reducing bacteria. To date, five genome-scale metabolic models (iAF692, iMG746, iMB745, iVS941 and iMM518) have been developed. These metabolic reconstructions revealed the cellular and metabolic behaviors of methanogenic archaea. The characteristics of its symbiotic behavior and metabolic crosstalk with competitive rumen anaerobes support understanding of the physiological function and metabolic fate of shared metabolites in the rumen ecosystem. Thus, systems biological characterization of this microorganism may provide a new insight to realize its metabolic significance for the development of a healthy microbiota in ruminants. An in-depth knowledge of this microorganism may allow us to ensure a long term sustainability of ruminant-based agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Chellapandi
- Molecular Systems Engineering Lab, Department of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu 620 024, India
| | - M Bharathi
- Molecular Systems Engineering Lab, Department of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu 620 024, India
| | - C Sangavai
- Molecular Systems Engineering Lab, Department of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu 620 024, India
| | - R Prathiviraj
- Molecular Systems Engineering Lab, Department of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu 620 024, India
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Sasikala S, Bharathi M, Ezhilarasi M, Ramasubba Reddy M, Arunkumar S. Fusion of MLO and CC View Binary Patterns to Improve the Performance of Breast Cancer Diagnosis. Curr Med Imaging 2018. [DOI: 10.2174/1573405614666180104162408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Sasikala
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Kumaraguru College of Technology, Coimbatore, India
| | - M. Bharathi
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Kumaraguru College of Technology, Coimbatore, India
| | - M. Ezhilarasi
- Department of Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering, Kumaraguru College of Technology, Coimbatore, India
| | - M. Ramasubba Reddy
- Department of Applied Mechanics, Bio Medical Engineering Division, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chenai, India
| | - S. Arunkumar
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Kumaraguru College of Technology, Coimbatore, India
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Bharathi MB, Rajendra Prasad J, Satish K. Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy as a Selection Tool for Surgical Management of Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Syndrome: Our Personal Experience. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2017; 69:313-318. [PMID: 28929061 DOI: 10.1007/s12070-017-1113-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of Drug-induced sleep endoscopy as a selection tool for surgical management of obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome. SOURCE OF DATA Polysomnography proved OSA patients, who are planned for surgery in dept. of ENT AND HEAD& NECK, JSS Hospital, Mysore. STUDY DESIGN A prospective clinical study. METHOD 30 Polysomnography proved OSA patients, age between 20 and 60 years have been selected for Drug Induced Sleep Endoscopy (DISE) after taking informed consent for proposed surgery. Inj propofol infusion given throughout the DISE procedure and upper airway nasal endoscopy performed for assessment of site of collapse (Retropalatal, Retrolingual, Hypopharyngral), type of collapse (circumferential, lateral) and severity of obstruction, Lowest SpO2, apnoeic episodes and DISE findings were recorded. Out of these thirty patients 90% were male and 10% were female, observed that 66.7% of males and 40.7% of females belonged to 31-40 age group, and BMI of 63.3% of patient population were overweight, 20% were obese and 5% were normal. Mean fall in SpO2 was 90.20 ± 2.77 in normal subjects, 83.05 ± 5.14 in overweight subjects and 68.83 ± 9.11 in obese subjects. Normal subjects had 0.4 ± 0.9 apnoeic episodes, overweight subjects had 0.9 ± 1.6 episodes and obese subjects had 4.0 ± 2 apnoeic episodes. We observed that 40% had retropalatal airway collapse, 23.3% had airway obstruction at the base of the tongue, 20% had airway obstruction with floppy epiglottis, 12% multiple level collapse, 6.7% of patient population had grade 4 enlarged tonsils, 3.3% had lateral pharyngeal wall collapse, and 0% hypopharyngeal collapse. Out of 30, 29 Patients underwent surgery (Expansion sphincter pharyngo plasty-14, Hyoid advancement-4, Uuvulopalatoplasty-10, Epiglottic surgery-6, Zeta pharyngoplasty-2, midline glossectomy-3, Endoscopic septoplasty-5, Inferio turbinoplasty-2, LASSER Assisted lingual tonsillectomy-1), All these 29 patient were followed for 3 months, at the end of 3rd month again Each subject was evaluated with a baseline Epworth Sleepiness Scale and LEVEL-3 PSG, the results were impressive with statistically significant. DISE is a dynamic, safe, and easy-to-perform technique that visualizes, the anatomical sites of snoring or apneas for assessment site of collapse (Retropalatal, Retrolingual, Hypopharyngral), type of collapse (Circumferential, Lateral) and severity of obstruction and guides the design of a tailor-made treatment plan for a OSA SURGEON in individual cases, which will improves perioperative outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- M B Bharathi
- Department of ENT, JSS Medical College and JSS University, Mysore, India
| | - J Rajendra Prasad
- Department of ENT and Head and Neck Surgery, JSS Medical College and JSS University, Mysore, Karnataka 570004 India
| | - K Satish
- Department of ANAESTHESIA, JSS Medical College and JSS University, Mysore, India
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Bharathi M, Chellapandi P. Intergenomic evolution and metabolic cross-talk between rumen and thermophilic autotrophic methanogenic archaea. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2016; 107:293-304. [PMID: 27864137 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2016.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Revised: 09/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/13/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Methanobrevibacter ruminantium M1 (MRU) is a rumen methanogenic archaean that can be able to utilize formate and CO2/H2 as growth substrates. Extensive analysis on the evolutionary genomic contexts considered herein to unravel its intergenomic relationship and metabolic adjustment acquired from the genomic content of Methanothermobacter thermautotrophicus ΔH. We demonstrated its intergenomic distance, genome function, synteny homologs and gene families, origin of replication, and methanogenesis to reveal the evolutionary relationships between Methanobrevibacter and Methanothermobacter. Comparison of the phylogenetic and metabolic markers was suggested for its archaeal metabolic core lineage that might have evolved from Methanothermobacter. Orthologous genes involved in its hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis might be acquired from intergenomic ancestry of Methanothermobacter via Methanobacterium formicicum. Formate dehydrogenase (fdhAB) coding gene cluster and carbon monoxide dehydrogenase (cooF) coding gene might have evolved from duplication events within Methanobrevibacter-Methanothermobacter lineage, and fdhCD gene cluster acquired from bacterial origins. Genome-wide metabolic survey found the existence of four novel pathways viz. l-tyrosine catabolism, mevalonate pathway II, acyl-carrier protein metabolism II and glutathione redox reactions II in MRU. Finding of these pathways suggested that MRU has shown a metabolic potential to tolerate molecular oxygen, antimicrobial metabolite biosynthesis and atypical lipid composition in cell wall, which was acquainted by metabolic cross-talk with mammalian bacterial origins. We conclude that coevolution of genomic contents between Methanobrevibacter and Methanothermobacter provides a clue to understand the metabolic adaptation of MRU in the rumen at different environmental niches.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bharathi
- Molecular Systems Engineering Lab, Department of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - P Chellapandi
- Molecular Systems Engineering Lab, Department of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Abstract
Invasive papillary carcinoma of the breast is a rare, distinct variant comprising approximately less than 1-2% of all newly diagnosed cases of breast carcinoma and is usually found in postmenopausal women with a more favorable prognosis. We report an unusual case in a 45-year-old perimenopausal female who came with a complaint of lump in right breast for duration of 1 year. A simple mastectomy was undertaken for histopathological study and immunohistochemistry (IHC) which showed characteristic features of an invasive papillary breast carcinoma. We present this case in view of its rarity and to highlight this clinicopathological subtype for its good prognosis and to avoid overtreatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Vani
- Department of Pathology, Mysore Medical College and Research Institute, Mysore, Karnataka, India
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Prabhakar SK, Bharathi MB, Singhal AK. Recurrent inverted papilloma of paranasal sinus presenting as acute proptosis. Rom J Ophthalmol 2016; 60:255-259. [PMID: 29450358 PMCID: PMC5711290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/17/2016] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective. To describe the course of events that followed from the time of the diagnosis to the management of a rare case of recurrent inverted papilloma presenting as an acute proptosis. Methods. A seventy-year-old diabetic female patient presented with a painful left eye proptosis for 15 days. She had a history of resection of inverted papilloma of paranasal sinus followed by radiotherapy for eight years before. The examination revealed a 23 mm proptosis, with restricted ocular movements, corneal oedema, funnel shaped anterior chamber, and total retinal detachment with a complete visual loss. The lobulated fixed hard mass was palpable circumferentially but more in the inferior orbital compartment. The transconjunctival incisional biopsy showed features of highly undifferentiated cytology. The lid sparing exenteration was done under general anesthesia with cosmetic reconstruction. Results. Immunohistochemistry of exenterated mass was doubtfully suggestive of a small cell tumor. However, histopathology confirmed features of rhabdomyosarcoma. Conclusion. The present case study revealed rhabdomyosarcoma cytology presenting as an association-inverted papilloma. Abbreviations : IP = Inverted papilloma, PNS = Paranasal sinus, SCC = Squamous cell carcinoma, IOP = Intraocular pressure, CT = Computed tomography.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Prabhakar
- Department of Ophthalmology, JSS Hospital, Mysore, India
| | - M B Bharathi
- Department of ENT and Head & Neck Surgery, JSS Hospital, Mysore, India
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Giridhar Reddy SV, Bharathi M, Vinod B, Reddy KRK, Reddy NS. Gingival displacement methods used by dental professionals: A survey. J Orofac Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.4103/0975-8844.195909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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26
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Menaka E, Kumar SS, Bharathi M. Cloud removal using efficient cloud detection and removal algorithm for high-resolution satellite imagery. IJCAT 2015. [DOI: 10.1504/ijcat.2015.068400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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27
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Bharathi M, Lakshmi N, Kalyani CS, Padmaja IJ. Nasal carriage of multidrug-resistant MSSA and MRSA in children of municipality schools. Indian J Med Microbiol 2014; 32:200. [PMID: 24713918 DOI: 10.4103/0255-0857.129840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Bharathi
- Department of Microbiology, Andhra Medical College, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India
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28
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Bharathi M, Babu KRM, Reddy G, Gupta N, Misuriya A, Vinod V. Partial Edentulism based on Kennedy's classifcation: an epidemiological study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014; 15:229-31. [PMID: 25095849 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of different Kennedy's classes of partial edentulism during 18 months period. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients were clinically examined for various Kennedy's classes of partial edentulism in the outpatient department (OPD), prosthodontics, GPRDCH, Kurnool (Andhra Pradesh). RESULTS Of the total 1,420 OPD patients, Kennedy's class III was the most frequent classification encountered (62%) and followed by Kennedy's class I (18%), class II (11%), and class IV (9%) in decreasing order. CONCLUSION The patients with various Kennedy's classes of partial edentulism can be offered various treatment modalities like removable cast partial dentures, fixed partial dentures, over dentures and implant supported dentures. This study can be crucial for screening the population for incidence of tooth loss as a factor of gender and age. Clinical significance: Tooth loss appears to have an important role in the loss of esthetics and mastication. Study of incidence of various classes of partial edentulism provides clinically useful information for dental training and continuing education.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bharathi
- Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, G Pulla Reddy Dental College, Kurnool, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Kethi Reddy Mahesh Babu
- Reader, Department of Prosthodontics, Meghna Institute of Dental Sciences, Nizamabad, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Giridhar Reddy
- Reader, Department of Prosthodontics, G Pulla Reddy Dental College, Kurnool, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Naveen Gupta
- Reader, Department of Prosthodontics, Institute of Dental Education and Advanced Studies, Etawah Road, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Abhinav Misuriya
- Reader, Department of Endodontics, Vananchal Dental College and Hospital, Garhwa, Jharkhand, India
| | - V Vinod
- Lecturer, Department of Prosthodontics, Oxford Dental College and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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Chellapandi P, Sakthishree S, Bharathi M. Phylogenetic Approach for Inferring the Origin and Functional Evolution of Bacterial ADP-ribosylation Superfamily. Protein Pept Lett 2013; 20:1054-65. [DOI: 10.2174/0929866511320090012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2011] [Revised: 04/03/2013] [Accepted: 04/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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30
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Immanuel SC, Pothiraj N, Thiyagarajan K, Bharathi M, Rabindran R. Identification of Microsatellite (SSR) and RAPD Markers Linked to Rice Blast Disease Resistance gene in Rice (Oryza sativa L.). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.5897/ajb10.2573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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31
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Selvaraj CI, Nagarajan P, Thiyagaraj K, Bharathi M, Rabindran R. Studies on Heterosis and Combining Ability of Well Known Blast Resistant Rice Genotypes with High Yielding Varieties of Rice (Oryza sativa L.). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.3923/ijpbg.2011.111.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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32
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Usharani A, Bharathi M. Isolation of uncommon fungal pathogens from sputum of HIV positive patients. J Mycol Med 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mycmed.2010.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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33
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Hemlatha AL, Divya P, Bharathi M, Parshwanath HA. Ectopic pregnancy unusually occuring in rudimentary uterine horn--report of two cases. INDIAN J PATHOL MICR 2005; 48:245-7. [PMID: 16758683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Two rare cases of second term ectopic pregnancy in non-communicating rudimentary horn of unicornuate uterus, one intact and another ruptured, are discussed here considering the rarity of its occurrence. An attempt has been made to address the associated multitude of complications with stress on the importance of early diagnosis of such unusual pregnancies and timely surgical intervention which contribute towards improved management and patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Hemlatha
- Department of Pathology, Govt. Medical College, Mysore.
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34
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Sudhakar D, Fu X, Stoger E, Williams S, Spence J, Brown DP, Bharathi M, Gatehouse JA, Christou P. Expression and immunolocalisation of the snowdrop lectin, GNA in transgenic rice plants. Transgenic Res 1998; 7:371-8. [PMID: 9859225 DOI: 10.1023/a:1008856703464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Transgenic rice (Oryza sativa L.) plants generated through particle bombardment expressed high levels of an insecticidal protein (the snowdrop lectin, GNA) directed against sap-sucking insects. Engineered plants expressed GNA either constitutively or in a tissue specific manner, depending on the nature of the promoter used to drive expression of the gene. We used specific antibodies raised against GNA to localize its expression in phloem tissue in plants engineered with the rice sucrose synthase promoter driving GNA expression. We report here molecular, biochemical and immunological analyses for fifteen independently-derived transformants out of more than 200 plants we generated.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Sudhakar
- John Innes Centre, Colney, Norwich, United Kingdom
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35
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Rao KV, Rathore KS, Hodges TK, Fu X, Stoger E, Sudhakar D, Williams S, Christou P, Bharathi M, Bown DP, Powell KS, Spence J, Gatehouse AM, Gatehouse JA. Expression of snowdrop lectin (GNA) in transgenic rice plants confers resistance to rice brown planthopper. Plant J 1998; 15:469-77. [PMID: 9753773 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-313x.1998.00226.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Snowdrop lectin (Galanthus nivalis agglutinin; GNA) has been shown previously to be toxic towards rice brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens; BPH) when administered in artificial diet. BPH feeds by phloem abstraction, and causes 'hopper burn', as well as being an important virus vector. To evaluate the potential of the gna gene to confer resistance towards BPH, transgenic rice (Oryza sativa L.) plants were produced, containing the gna gene in constructs where its expression was driven by a phloem-specific promoter (from the rice sucrose synthase RSs1 gene) and by a constitutive promoter (from the maize ubiquitin ubi1 gene). PCR and Southern analyses on DNA from these plants confirmed their transgenic status, and that the transgenes were transmitted to progeny after self-fertilization. Western blot analyses revealed expression of GNA at levels of up to 2.0% of total protein in some of the transgenic plants. GNA expression driven by the RSs1 promoter was tissue-specific, as shown by immunohistochemical localization of the protein in the non-lignified vascular tissue of transgenic plants. Insect bioassays and feeding studies showed that GNA expressed in the transgenic rice plants decreased survival and overall fecundity (production of offspring) of the insects, retarded insect development, and had a deterrent effect on BPH feeding. gna is the first transgene to exhibit insecticidal activity towards sap-sucking insects in an important cereal crop plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- K V Rao
- Department of Botany & Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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36
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Gatehouse AM, Gatehouse JA, Bharathi M, Spence J, Powell KS. Immunohistochemical and developmental studies to elucidate the mechanism of action of the snowdrop lectin on the rice brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Stal). J Insect Physiol 1998; 44:529-539. [PMID: 12769935 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-1910(98)00054-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Rice brown planthoppers (Nilaparvata lugens) were fed on artificial diet containing snowdrop lectin (Galanthus nivalis agglutinin; GNA), which has been shown to be toxic towards this insect pest. In addition to decreasing survival, the lectin affected development, reducing the growth rate of nymphs by approximately 50% when present at a concentration of 5.3&mgr;M. Immunolocalisation studies showed that lectin binding was concentrated on the luminal surface of the midgut epithelial cells within the planthopper, suggesting that GNA binds to cell surface carbohydrate moieties in the gut. Immunolabelling at a lower level was also observed in the fat bodies, the ovarioles, and throughout the haemolymph. These observations suggest that GNA is able to cross the midgut epithelial barrier, and pass into the insect's circulatory system, resulting in a systemic toxic effect. Electron microscope studies showed morphological changes in the midgut region of planthoppers fed on a toxic dose of GNA, with disruption of the microvilli brush border region. No significant proteolytic degradation of GNA was observed either in the gut or honeydew of planthoppers fed on lectin-containing diet. The presence of glycoproteins which bind GNA in the gut of the brown planthopper was confirmed using digoxigen-labeled lectins to probe blots of extracted gut polypeptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M.R. Gatehouse
- University of Durham, Department of Biological Sciences, South Road, Durham, UK
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37
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Bharathi M, Murty UR, Kirti PB, Rao NGP. Chromosome pairing in the interspecific hybrids: Arachis hypogaea L. * Arachis chacoense nom. und. Krap et Greg. and A. hypogaea L. * A. villosa Benth. CYTOLOGIA 1983. [DOI: 10.1508/cytologia.48.527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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38
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Kirti PB, Bharathi M, Murty UR, Rao NGP. Chromosome morphology in three diploid species of Arathis and its bearing on the genomes of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.). CYTOLOGIA 1983. [DOI: 10.1508/cytologia.48.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P. B. Kirti
- National Research Project for Sorghum and Groundnut, IARI-Regional Station
| | - M. Bharathi
- National Research Project for Sorghum and Groundnut, IARI-Regional Station
| | - U. R. Murty
- National Research Project for Sorghum and Groundnut, IARI-Regional Station
| | - N. G. P. Rao
- National Research Project for Sorghum and Groundnut, IARI-Regional Station
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Kirti PB, Murty UR, Bharathi M, Rao NG. Chromosome pairing in F1 hybrid Arachis hypogaea L. X A. monticola Krap. et Rig. Theor Appl Genet 1982; 62:139-144. [PMID: 24270562 DOI: 10.1007/bf00293346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/1981] [Accepted: 09/05/1981] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Chromosome pairing at pachytene in the F1 hybrid Arachis hypogaea X A. monticola was studied. Pairing was remarkably regular and segment by segment except for some minor differences. Chromosomes were identified individually at pachytene. The idiograms of A. hypogaea and A. monticola were identical. Meiosis was regular and fertility was high in the hybrid indicating that the taxa concerned were very closely related.
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Affiliation(s)
- P B Kirti
- IARI-Regional Station, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, India
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