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Kagawa M, Katsuta N, Naito S, Masuki Y, Yoshimizu C, Chiba H, Tayasu I. Sample pretreatment effects on isotopic compositions of oxygen and sulfur in BaSO 4 derived from atmospheric sulfate. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 2023; 37:e9659. [PMID: 37953543 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.9659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Preparation of BaSO4 from samples of atmospheric rain, snow, and aerosols has been used for δ18 O and δ34 S analyses. In the present study, we investigated the effect of various sample pretreatments on δ18 O and δ34 S values determined from a Na2 SO4 reagent solution and samples of atmospheric precipitation to improve assay time and cost efficiency. METHODS BaSO4 was prepared from a Na2 SO4 solution by (a) evaporative concentration, (b) evaporation to dryness, (c) evaporation to dryness after adding HCl, and (d) evaporation to concentration after adding HCl, followed by cooling and then precipitation using a BaCl2 solution. To analyze the atmospheric precipitation samples for δ18 O, BaSO4 prepared from the samples was treated with diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) and SO4 2- and separated chromatographically. The values of δ18 O and δ34 S were measured using a continuous-flow elemental analyzer coupled to an isotope-ratio mass spectrometer. RESULTS The δ34 S values in BaSO4 precipitated from Na2 SO4 solution determined by methods (a)-(c) were consistent within precisions of ±0.5‰. The δ18 O values of methods (a) and (b) were consistent within ±0.2‰, whereas the δ18 O values of methods (c) and (d) increased with increasing HCl concentrations. Similar results were obtained from samples of atmospheric precipitations. The δ18 O values from DTPA-treated BaSO4 were consistent with those obtained by chromatographic separation within ±0.5‰. CONCLUSIONS We found no significant differences in the effects of various pretreatments (acidification, heating, concentration, and drying) on δ18 O and δ34 S values in sulfate from samples of atmospheric precipitation and aerosols extracted as BaSO4 if HCl was not added to the sample before heating and BaSO4 was treated with DTPA for the δ18 O analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sayuri Naito
- Faculty of Education, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Yuma Masuki
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | | | - Hitoshi Chiba
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Ichiro Tayasu
- Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, Kyoto, Japan
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Umezawa Y, Toyoshima K, Saitoh Y, Takeda S, Tamura K, Tamaya C, Yamaguchi A, Yoshimizu C, Tayasu I, Kawamoto K. Evaluation of origin-depended nitrogen input through atmospheric deposition and its effect on primary production in coastal areas of western Kyusyu, Japan. Environ Pollut 2021; 291:118034. [PMID: 34563851 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Long term monitoring of atmospheric wet and dry depositions and associated nutrients fluxes was conducted on the coast of Japan facing the East China Sea continuously for 1 year and 2 months, with the origin of air mass investigated based on isotope analyses (Sr, Nd, and NO3). During the same period, intensive observations of ocean conditions and the chemical composition of sinking particles collected using sediment traps were conducted to investigate the effects of atmospheric deposition-derived nutrients on phytoplankton blooms. Dry-deposition-derived nutrient inputs to the surface ocean were larger during autumn to spring than in summer due to the effect of continental air mass occasionally carrying Asian dust (yellow sand). However, these nutrients fluxes were limited (1.1-1.5 mg-N m-2 day-1 on average) and didn't appear to cause phytoplankton blooms through the year. Although average dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) concentrations in rainwater were lower in oceanic air masses compared to continental air masses, wet-deposition-derived nutrient inputs to the surface ocean on rainy days during the summer (26.0 mg-N m-2 day-1 on average) were large due to higher precipitation from oceanic air masses. Wet-deposition-derived nutrients significantly increased nutrient concentrations in the surface ocean and seemed to cause phytoplankton blooms in the warm rainy season when nutrients in the surface were depleted due to increased stratification. The increase in phytoplankton biomass was reflected in increased particle sinking into the bottom layer, as well as changing chemical characteristics. The supply of flesh phytoplankton-derived labile organic matter into the bottom layer could be expected to promote rapid bacterial decomposition and contribute to the formation of hypoxic water masses in early summer when the ocean was strongly stratified. Atmospheric deposition-derived nutrients in East Asia will have important impacts on not only the oligotrophic outer ocean but also surrounding coastal areas in the warm rainy season.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Umezawa
- Department of Environmental Science on Biosphere, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan.
| | - Kanae Toyoshima
- Graduate School of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Nagasaki University, Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki, 852-8521, Japan
| | - Yu Saitoh
- Department of Earth Sciences, Resources and Environmental Engineering, Waseda University, Okubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan.
| | - Shigenobu Takeda
- Graduate School of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Nagasaki University, Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki, 852-8521, Japan.
| | - Kei Tamura
- Pharmaceutical Administration Office, Nagasaki Prefectural Government, Onoue-machi, Nagasaki, 850-8570, Japan.
| | - Chiaki Tamaya
- Seihi Healthcare Office, Nagasaki Prefectural Government, Nameshi, Nagasaki, 852-8061, Japan.
| | - Akira Yamaguchi
- Fisheries Technology Institute, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, Taira-machi, Nagasaki, 851-2213, Japan.
| | - Chikage Yoshimizu
- Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, Motoyama, Kamigamo, Kyoto, 603-8047, Japan.
| | - Ichiro Tayasu
- Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, Motoyama, Kamigamo, Kyoto, 603-8047, Japan.
| | - Kazuaki Kawamoto
- Graduate School of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Nagasaki University, Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki, 852-8521, Japan.
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Saitoh Y, Nakano T, Shin K, Matsubayashi J, Kato Y, Amakawa H, Osada Y, Yoshimizu C, Okuda N, Amano Y, Togashi H, Kurita Y, Tayasu I. Utility of Nd isotope ratio as a tracer of marine animals: regional variation in coastal seas and causal factors. Ecosphere 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.2365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Saitoh
- Research Institute for Humanity and Nature 457‐4, Motoyama Kamigamo, Kita‐ku Kyoto 603‐8047 Japan
| | - Takanori Nakano
- Research Institute for Humanity and Nature 457‐4, Motoyama Kamigamo, Kita‐ku Kyoto 603‐8047 Japan
| | - Ki‐Cheol Shin
- Research Institute for Humanity and Nature 457‐4, Motoyama Kamigamo, Kita‐ku Kyoto 603‐8047 Japan
| | - Jun Matsubayashi
- Research Institute for Humanity and Nature 457‐4, Motoyama Kamigamo, Kita‐ku Kyoto 603‐8047 Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Kato
- Research Institute for Humanity and Nature 457‐4, Motoyama Kamigamo, Kita‐ku Kyoto 603‐8047 Japan
| | - Hiroshi Amakawa
- Japan Agency for Marine‐Earth Science and Technology 2‐15, Natsushima‐cho Yokosuka Kanagawa 237‐0061 Japan
| | - Yutaka Osada
- Research Institute for Humanity and Nature 457‐4, Motoyama Kamigamo, Kita‐ku Kyoto 603‐8047 Japan
| | - Chikage Yoshimizu
- Research Institute for Humanity and Nature 457‐4, Motoyama Kamigamo, Kita‐ku Kyoto 603‐8047 Japan
| | - Noboru Okuda
- Research Institute for Humanity and Nature 457‐4, Motoyama Kamigamo, Kita‐ku Kyoto 603‐8047 Japan
| | - Yosuke Amano
- Tohoku National Fisheries Research Institute 3‐27‐5, Shinhama‐cho Shiogama Miyagi 985‐0001 Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Togashi
- Tohoku National Fisheries Research Institute 3‐27‐5, Shinhama‐cho Shiogama Miyagi 985‐0001 Japan
| | - Yutaka Kurita
- Tohoku National Fisheries Research Institute 3‐27‐5, Shinhama‐cho Shiogama Miyagi 985‐0001 Japan
| | - Ichiro Tayasu
- Research Institute for Humanity and Nature 457‐4, Motoyama Kamigamo, Kita‐ku Kyoto 603‐8047 Japan
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Kato Y, Kondoh M, Ishikawa NF, Togashi H, Kohmatsu Y, Yoshimura M, Yoshimizu C, Haraguchi TF, Osada Y, Ohte N, Tokuchi N, Okuda N, Miki T, Tayasu I. Using food network unfolding to evaluate food–web complexity in terms of biodiversity: theory and applications. Ecol Lett 2018; 21:1065-1074. [DOI: 10.1111/ele.12973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Revised: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshikazu Kato
- Research Institute for Humanity and Nature 457‐4 Motoyama, Kamigamo, Kita‐ku Kyoto603‐8047 Japan
- Center for Ecological Research Kyoto University 2‐509‐3 Hirano Otsu Shiga520‐2113 Japan
| | - Michio Kondoh
- Faculty of Science and Technology Ryukoku University 1‐5 Yokoya Seta Oe‐cho Shiga520‐2194 Japan
| | - Naoto F. Ishikawa
- Center for Ecological Research Kyoto University 2‐509‐3 Hirano Otsu Shiga520‐2113 Japan
- Japan Agency for Marine‐Earth Science and Technology 2‐15 Natsushima‐cho Yokosuka Kanagawa237‐0061 Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Togashi
- Tohoku National Fisheries Research Institute Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency 3‐27‐ 5, Shinhama‐cho Shiogama Miyagi985‐0001 Japan
- Field Science Education and Research Center Kyoto University Oiwake‐cho, Kitashirakawa, Sakyo‐ku Kyoto606‐8502 Japan
| | - Yukihiro Kohmatsu
- Center for Ecological Research Kyoto University 2‐509‐3 Hirano Otsu Shiga520‐2113 Japan
- Research Center for Pan‐Pacific Civilizations Ritsumeikan University 56‐1 Toji‐in Kitamachi, Kita‐ku Kyoto603‐8577 Japan
| | - Mayumi Yoshimura
- Research Planning and Coordination Department Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute Matsunosato 1 Tukuba305‐8687 Japan
- Kansai Research Center, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute 68 Nagaikyutaroh, Momoyama, Fushimi‐ku Kyoto612‐0855 Japan
| | - Chikage Yoshimizu
- Research Institute for Humanity and Nature 457‐4 Motoyama, Kamigamo, Kita‐ku Kyoto603‐8047 Japan
- Center for Ecological Research Kyoto University 2‐509‐3 Hirano Otsu Shiga520‐2113 Japan
| | - Takashi F. Haraguchi
- Research Institute for Humanity and Nature 457‐4 Motoyama, Kamigamo, Kita‐ku Kyoto603‐8047 Japan
- Center for Ecological Research Kyoto University 2‐509‐3 Hirano Otsu Shiga520‐2113 Japan
| | - Yutaka Osada
- Research Institute for Humanity and Nature 457‐4 Motoyama, Kamigamo, Kita‐ku Kyoto603‐8047 Japan
| | - Nobuhito Ohte
- Department of Social Informatics Graduate School of Informatics Kyoto University Yoshida‐Honcho, Sakyo‐ku Kyoto606‐8501 Japan
- Department of Forest Science Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences The University of Tokyo 1‐1‐1 Yayoi, bunkyo‐ku Tokyo113‐8657 Japan
| | - Naoko Tokuchi
- Field Science Education and Research Center Kyoto University Oiwake‐cho, Kitashirakawa, Sakyo‐ku Kyoto606‐8502 Japan
| | - Noboru Okuda
- Research Institute for Humanity and Nature 457‐4 Motoyama, Kamigamo, Kita‐ku Kyoto603‐8047 Japan
- Center for Ecological Research Kyoto University 2‐509‐3 Hirano Otsu Shiga520‐2113 Japan
| | - Takeshi Miki
- Institute of Oceanography National Taiwan University No. 1 Sec. 4 Roosevelt Rd Taipei10617 Taiwan
- Research Center for Environmental Changes Academia Sinica 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang Taipei11529 Taiwan
| | - Ichiro Tayasu
- Research Institute for Humanity and Nature 457‐4 Motoyama, Kamigamo, Kita‐ku Kyoto603‐8047 Japan
- Center for Ecological Research Kyoto University 2‐509‐3 Hirano Otsu Shiga520‐2113 Japan
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Ishikawa NF, Togashi H, Kato Y, Yoshimura M, Kohmatsu Y, Yoshimizu C, Ogawa NO, Ohte N, Tokuchi N, Ohkouchi N, Tayasu I. Terrestrial-aquatic linkage in stream food webs along a forest chronosequence: multi-isotopic evidence. Ecology 2016; 97:1146-58. [DOI: 10.1890/15-1133.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Naoto F. Ishikawa
- Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology; 2-15 Natsushima-cho Yokosuka Kanagawa 237-0061 Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Togashi
- Tohoku National Fisheries Research Institute; Fisheries Research Agency; 3-27-5 Shinhama-cho Shiogama Miyagi 985-0001 Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Kato
- Research Institute for Humanity and Nature; 457-4 Motoyama Kamigamo Kita-ku Kyoto 603-8047 Japan
| | - Mayumi Yoshimura
- Kansai Research Center; Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute; 68 Nagaikyutaroh Momoyama Fushimi-ku Kyoto 612-0855 Japan
| | - Yukihiro Kohmatsu
- Research Center for Pan-Pacific Civilizations; Ritsumeikan University; 56-1 Toji-in Kitamachi Kita-ku Kyoto 603-8577 Japan
| | - Chikage Yoshimizu
- Research Institute for Humanity and Nature; 457-4 Motoyama Kamigamo Kita-ku Kyoto 603-8047 Japan
| | - Nanako O. Ogawa
- Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology; 2-15 Natsushima-cho Yokosuka Kanagawa 237-0061 Japan
| | - Nobuhito Ohte
- Department of Social Informatics; Graduate School of Informatics; Kyoto University; Yoshida-Honcho Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
| | - Naoko Tokuchi
- Field Science Education and Research Center; Kyoto University; Oiwake-cho Kitashirakawa Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
| | - Naohiko Ohkouchi
- Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology; 2-15 Natsushima-cho Yokosuka Kanagawa 237-0061 Japan
| | - Ichiro Tayasu
- Research Institute for Humanity and Nature; 457-4 Motoyama Kamigamo Kita-ku Kyoto 603-8047 Japan
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Akamatsu F, Suzuki Y, Kato Y, Yoshimizu C, Tayasu I. A comparison of freeze-drying and oven-drying preparation methods for bulk and compound-specific carbon stable isotope analyses: examples using the benthic macroinvertebrates Stenopsyche marmorata and Epeorus latifolium. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 2016; 30:137-142. [PMID: 26661980 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.7421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Revised: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Carbon stable isotope analysis of bulk samples and fatty acids is an established method for tracing carbon flow pathways and reconstructing trophic interactions, but there is no consensus on which sample drying method should be used for sample preparation. The aim of this study was to determine if freeze-drying and oven-drying treatments used to prepare samples of the benthic macroinvertebrates Stenopsyche marmorata and Epeorus latifolium for bulk and fatty-acid-specific carbon stable isotope analysis yield different isotopic ratio values. METHODS Five individuals each from two species were split in half; one half was freeze-dried and the other half was oven-dried. The samples were ground and the δ(13)C values of the bulk samples and eight fatty acids were measured following combustion using an isotope ratio mass spectrometer coupled to an elemental analyzer or gas chromatography system. RESULTS The mean difference in the bulk and fatty acid δ(13)C values between freeze-dried and oven-dried samples was small (≤0.1‰ in both cases), although relatively large variations were observed in individual fatty-acid-specific δ(13)C values (maximum of ≤0.9 ‰). There were no significant differences in either bulk sample or fatty-acid-specific δ(13)C values between freeze-dried or oven-dried samples of the same species. CONCLUSIONS Freeze-drying and oven-drying are equally acceptable methods for preparing freshly caught S. marmorata and E. latifolium samples for bulk and fatty-acid-specific carbon stable isotope analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumikazu Akamatsu
- National Research Institute of Brewing, 3-7-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-0046, Japan
| | - Yaeko Suzuki
- National Food Research Institute, 2-1-12 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8642, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Kato
- Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, 457-4 Motoyama, Kamigamo, Kita-ku, Kyoto, 603-8047, Japan
- Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University, 2-509-3 Hirano, Otsu, Shiga, 520-2113, Japan
| | - Chikage Yoshimizu
- Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, 457-4 Motoyama, Kamigamo, Kita-ku, Kyoto, 603-8047, Japan
- Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University, 2-509-3 Hirano, Otsu, Shiga, 520-2113, Japan
| | - Ichiro Tayasu
- Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, 457-4 Motoyama, Kamigamo, Kita-ku, Kyoto, 603-8047, Japan
- Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University, 2-509-3 Hirano, Otsu, Shiga, 520-2113, Japan
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Ishikawa NF, Kato Y, Togashi H, Yoshimura M, Yoshimizu C, Okuda N, Tayasu I. Stable nitrogen isotopic composition of amino acids reveals food web structure in stream ecosystems. Oecologia 2014; 175:911-22. [DOI: 10.1007/s00442-014-2936-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2013] [Accepted: 03/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Kojima K, Murakami M, Yoshimizu C, Tayasu I, Nagata T, Furumai H. Evaluation of surface runoff and road dust as sources of nitrogen using nitrate isotopic composition. Chemosphere 2011; 84:1716-1722. [PMID: 21600627 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.04.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2010] [Revised: 04/27/2011] [Accepted: 04/28/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Stable nitrogen and oxygen isotope ratios of nitrate (δ(15)N-NO(3) and δ(18)O-NO(3)) have recently been used to identify nitrogen sources in water environments. However, there have been no investigations designed to determine nitrate isotopes in non-point sources in urban areas for evaluating the impact of surface deposits on nitrogen in surface runoff. In this study, we collected rainwater, surface runoff and surface deposits (road dust, roof dust and soil) to evaluate the nitrogen sources in surface runoff using nitrate isotopes. There were no large differences in δ(15)N-NO(3) among rainwater (-0.3‰ to 1.5‰), surface runoff (-2.7‰ to 0.4‰), leachates from road dust (-5.8‰ to 6.2‰) and soil (-11.5‰ to 0.6‰). In contrast, the δ(18)O-NO(3) in surface runoff (28.5-47.9‰) was lower than that in rainwater (62.7-78.6‰), and higher than that in leachates from road dust (6.1-27.6‰) and soil (-1.1‰ to 6.6‰). δ(18)O-NO(3) is a useful indicator for evaluating the NO(3)-N sources in surface runoff. Using this indicator, NO(3)-N from road dust was estimated to account for more than half of the NO(3)-N in surface runoff. This is consistent with a result based on a comparison of their loads per unit surface between rainwater and surface runoff, which also showed that most of the nitrogen in surface runoff was derived from surface deposits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Kojima
- Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
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Itoh M, Takemon Y, Makabe A, Yoshimizu C, Kohzu A, Ohte N, Tumurskh D, Tayasu I, Yoshida N, Nagata T. Evaluation of wastewater nitrogen transformation in a natural wetland (Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia) using dual-isotope analysis of nitrate. Sci Total Environ 2011; 409:1530-1538. [PMID: 21296380 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2010] [Revised: 01/11/2011] [Accepted: 01/12/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The Tuul River, which provides water for the daily needs of many residents of Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, has been increasingly polluted by wastewater from the city's sewage treatment plant. Information on water movement and the transformation of water-borne materials is required to alleviate the deterioration of water quality. We conducted a synoptic survey of general water movement, water quality including inorganic nitrogen concentrations, and isotopic composition of nitrogen (δ(15)N-NO(3)(-), δ(18)O-NO(3)(-), and δ(15)N-NH(4)(+)) and water (δ(18)O-H(2)O) in a wetland area that receives wastewater before it enters the Tuul River. We sampled surface water, groundwater, and spring water along the two major water routes in the wetland that flow from the drain of the sewage treatment plant to the Tuul River: a continuous tributary and a discontinuous tributary. The continuous tributary had high ammonium (NH(4)(+)) concentrations and nearly stable δ(15)N-NH(4)(+), δ(15)N-NO(3)(-), and δ(18)O-NO(3)(-) concentrations throughout its length, indicating that nitrogen transformation (i.e., nitrification and denitrification) during transit was small. In contrast, NH(4)(+) concentrations decreased along the discontinuous tributary and nitrate (NO(3)(-)) concentrations were low at many points. Values of δ(15)N-NH(4)(+), δ(15)N-NO(3)(-), and δ(18)O-NO(3)(-) increased with flow along the discontinuous route. Our results indicate that nitrification and denitrification contribute to nitrogen removal in the wetland area along the discontinuous tributary with slow water transport. Differences in hydrological pathways and the velocity of wastewater transport through the wetland area greatly affect the extent of nitrogen removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Itoh
- Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University, 2-509-3 Hirano, Otsu, Shiga, 520-2113, Japan.
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Osaka K, Ohte N, Koba K, Yoshimizu C, Katsuyama M, Tani M, Tayasu I, Nagata T. Hydrological influences on spatiotemporal variations ofδ15N andδ18O of nitrate in a forested headwater catchment in central Japan: Denitrification plays a critical role in groundwater. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1029/2009jg000977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ken'ichi Osaka
- Graduate School of Agriculture; Kyoto University; Kyoto Japan
- International Research Center for River Basin Environment; University of Yamanashi; Yamanashi Japan
| | - Nobuhito Ohte
- Graduate School of Agriculture; Kyoto University; Kyoto Japan
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences; The University of Tokyo; Tokyo Japan
| | - Keisuke Koba
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Engineering; Tokyo Institute of Technology; Yokohama, Tokyo Japan
- Institute of Symbiotic Science and Technology; Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology; Fuchu Japan
| | - Chikage Yoshimizu
- Japan Science and Technology Agency; Kawaguchi Japan
- Center for Ecological Research; Kyoto University; Otsu Japan
| | - Masanori Katsuyama
- Graduate School of Agriculture; Kyoto University; Kyoto Japan
- Research Institute for Humanity and Nature; Kyoto Japan
| | - Makoto Tani
- Graduate School of Agriculture; Kyoto University; Kyoto Japan
| | - Ichiro Tayasu
- Center for Ecological Research; Kyoto University; Otsu Japan
| | - Toshi Nagata
- Center for Ecological Research; Kyoto University; Otsu Japan
- Ocean Research Institute; University of Tokyo; Tokyo Japan
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Umezawa Y, Hosono T, Onodera SI, Siringan F, Buapeng S, Delinom R, Yoshimizu C, Tayasu I, Nagata T, Taniguchi M. Erratum to "Sources of nitrate and ammonium contamination in groundwater under developing Asian megacities". Sci Total Environ 2009; 407:3219-3231. [PMID: 19437606 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.01.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The status of nitrate (NO3-), nitrite (NO2-) and ammonium (NH4 +) contamination in the water systems, and the mechanisms controlling their sources, pathways, and distributions were investigated for the Southeast Asian cities of Metro Manila, Bangkok, and Jakarta. GIS-based monitoring and dual isotope approach (nitrate delta15N and delta18O) suggested that human waste via severe sewer leakage was the major source of nutrient contaminants in Metro Manila and Jakarta urban areas. Furthermore, the characteristics of the nutrient contamination differed depending on the agricultural land use pattern in the suburban areas: high nitrate contamination was observed in Jakarta (dry fields), and relatively lower nutrients consisting mainly of ammonium were detected in Bangkok (paddy fields). The exponential increase in NO3--delta15N along with the NO3- reduction and clear delta18O/delta15N slopes of NO3- (approximately 0.5) indicated the occurrence of denitrification. An anoxic subsurface system associated with the natural geological setting (e.g., the old tidal plain at Bangkok) and artificial pavement coverage served to buffer NO3- contamination via active denitrification and reduced nitrification. Our results showed that NO3- and NH4+ contamination of the aquifers in Metro Manila, Bangkok, and Jakarta was not excessive, suggesting low risk of drinking groundwater to human health, at present. However, the increased nitrogen load and increased per capita gross domestic product (GDP) in these developing cities may increase this contamination in the very near future. Continuous monitoring and management of the groundwater system is needed to minimize groundwater pollution in these areas, and this information should be shared among adjacent countries with similar geographic and cultural settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Umezawa
- Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, Japan.
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Kohzu A, Miyajima T, Tayasu I, Yoshimizu C, Hyodo F, Matsui K, Nakano T, Wada E, Fujita N, Nagata T. Use of stable nitrogen isotope signatures of riparian macrophytes as an indicator of anthropogenic N inputs to river ecosystems. Environ Sci Technol 2008; 42:7837-7841. [PMID: 19031869 DOI: 10.1021/es801113k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Deterioration of aquatic ecosystems resulting from enhanced anthropogenic N loading has become an issue of increasing concern worldwide, and methods are needed to trace sources of N in rivers. Because nitrate from sewage is enriched in 15N relative to nitrate from natural soils, delta(15)N values of stream nitrate (delta(15)Nnitrate) should be an appropriate index of anthropogenic N loading to rivers, as should the delta(15)N values of riparian plants (delta(15)Nplant) because they are consumers of nitrate. We determined the delta(15)N values of stream nitrate and six species of riparian macrophytes in 31 rivers in the Lake Biwa Basin in Japan. We then tested the correlation between these values and various land-use parameters, including the percentage of land used for residential and agricultural purposes as well as for natural areas. These delta(15)N values were significantly positively correlated with land use (%) that had a high N load (i.e., residential or agricultural use) and significantly negatively correlated with forest (%). These findings indicate that delta(15)N values of stream nitrate and riparian plants might be good indicators of anthropogenic inputs of nitrogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayato Kohzu
- Japan Science and Technology Agency, Saitama 332-0012, Japan.
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Umezawa Y, Hosono T, Onodera SI, Siringan F, Buapeng S, Delinom R, Yoshimizu C, Tayasu I, Nagata T, Taniguchi M. Sources of nitrate and ammonium contamination in groundwater under developing Asian megacities. Sci Total Environ 2008; 404:361-376. [PMID: 18533227 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2008.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The status of nitrate (NO(3)(-)), nitrite (NO(2)(-)) and ammonium (NH(4)(+)) contamination in the water systems, and the mechanisms controlling their sources, pathways, and distributions were investigated for the Southeast Asian cities of Metro Manila, Bangkok, and Jakarta. GIS-based monitoring and dual isotope approach (nitrate delta(15)N and delta(18)O) suggested that human waste via severe sewer leakage was the major source of nutrient contaminants in Metro Manila and Jakarta urban areas. Furthermore, the characteristics of the nutrient contamination differed depending on the agricultural land use pattern in the suburban areas: high nitrate contamination was observed in Jakarta (dry fields), and relatively lower nutrients consisting mainly of ammonium were detected in Bangkok (paddy fields). The exponential increase in NO(3)(-)-delta(15)N along with the NO(3)(-) reduction and clear delta(18)O/delta(15)N slopes of NO(3)(-) ( approximately 0.5) indicated the occurrence of denitrification. An anoxic subsurface system associated with the natural geological setting (e.g., the old tidal plain at Bangkok) and artificial pavement coverage served to buffer NO(3)(-) contamination via active denitrification and reduced nitrification. Our results showed that NO(3)(-) and NH(4)(+) contamination of the aquifers in Metro Manila, Bangkok, and Jakarta was not excessive, suggesting low risk of drinking groundwater to human health, at present. However, the increased nitrogen load and increased per capita gross domestic product (GDP) in these developing cities may increase this contamination in the very near future. Continuous monitoring and management of the groundwater system is needed to minimize groundwater pollution in these areas, and this information should be shared among adjacent countries with similar geographic and cultural settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Umezawa
- Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jotaro Urabe
- Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University, 509‐3 Otsuka, Kamitanakami‐Hiranocho, Otsu, Shiga 520‐2113, Japan
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Chikage Yoshimizu
- Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University, Kamitanakami Hiranocho 509‐3, Otsu 520‐2113, Japan
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Urabe J, Sekino T, Nozaki K, Tsuji A, Yoshimizu C, Kagami M, Koitabashi T, Miyazaki T, Nakanishi M. Light, nutrients and primary productivity in Lake Biwa: An evaluation of the current ecosystem situation. Ecol Res 2002. [DOI: 10.1046/j.1440-1703.1999.143300.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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