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Sanches MD, Goldberg TBL, Rizzo ADCB, da Silva VN, Mosca LN, Romagnoli GG, Gorgulho CM, Araujo Junior JP, de Lima GR, Betti IR, Kurokawa CS. Inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in obese adolescents with antibody against to adenovirus 36. Sci Rep 2023; 13:9918. [PMID: 37336969 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33084-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity in adolescents has reached epidemic proportions and is associated with the inflammatory response and viral infections. The aim of this study was to understand the profile of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines associated with the inflammatory response and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in obese adolescents with positive serology for adenovirus 36 (ADV36). Thirty-six overweight, 36 obese, and 25 severe obesity adolescents aged 10 to 16 years were included in the study. The following variables were analyzed: sex, age, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, total cholesterol and fractions, triglycerides, glucose, serum cytokine concentrations, and ADV36 antibodies. Cytokines and chemokines were quantified by cytometry and ADV36 serology was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results showed higher levels of the cytokines interleukin-1beta (IL-1β), IL-6, IL-10 and of the chemokine interferon-gamma-inducible protein 10 (IP-10) in severe obesity adolescents compared to the obese and overweight groups, as well as in the group with MetS compared to the group without this syndrome. The frequency of ADV36-positive individuals did not differ between groups. The findings revealed differences in BMI between the obese and severe obesity groups versus the overweight group in the presence of positivity for ADV36, suggesting an association with weight gain and possibly MetS installation.
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Zapparoli D, Bertozzo TV, Alexandrino M, Sanches DF, Aires IN, Manzini S, de Medeiros MIM, Kurokawa CS, Dos Santos RM, Lucheis SB. Commercially acquired açaí pulps contamination by Trypanosoma cruzi. Int J Food Microbiol 2021; 363:109508. [PMID: 34971879 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2021.109508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The etiological agent of Chagas disease is the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi. According to the World Health Organization, about seven to eight million people are infected with T. cruzi worldwide. The main routes of transmission are vectorial and oral, which has assumed great epidemiological importance, since there is no legislation that requires the pasteurization of açaí pulp. The present work aimed to look T. cruzi in 35 samples of açaí ice cream sold at different points of sale, covering 11 different cities in São Paulo State. Thus, the parasitological technique of forced sieving and the molecular test of Polymerase Chain Reaction were performed. For PCR analysis were used the 121/122 primer that amplifies the kinetoplast of the T. cruzi DNA (kDNA). By the forced sieving technique, the açaí pulp aliquots were analyzed under different storage temperatures and in different periods. One positive sample (2.86%) were observed at six hours at room temperature, but without motility and negative to the PCR technique. Two other açaí samples (5.71%) were positive by PCR, but negative by forced sieving. The results indicate the need for quality control and good manufacturing practices for the safe consumption of açaí-derived products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Zapparoli
- Tropical Diseases and Image Diagnosis Department, Medical College, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Thainá Valente Bertozzo
- Tropical Diseases and Image Diagnosis Department, Medical College, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Marcela Alexandrino
- Tropical Diseases and Image Diagnosis Department, Medical College, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Daniela Filadelfo Sanches
- Tropical Diseases and Image Diagnosis Department, Medical College, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Isabella Neves Aires
- Tropical Diseases and Image Diagnosis Department, Medical College, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Suzane Manzini
- Tropical Diseases and Image Diagnosis Department, Medical College, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | | | - Cilmery Suemi Kurokawa
- Pediatrics Department, Medical College, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Mattos Dos Santos
- Tropical Diseases and Image Diagnosis Department, Medical College, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Simone Baldini Lucheis
- Tropical Diseases and Image Diagnosis Department, Medical College, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil; Paulista Agency of Agrobusiness Technology (APTA/SAA), Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Destefani SA, Kurokawa CS, Rodrigues SA, Corrente JE, Padovani CR, de Paiva SAR, da Silva Mazeto GMF. Is there a relationship between diet quality and bone health in elderly women? A cross-sectional study. Arch Endocrinol Metab 2021; 65:609-616. [PMID: 34591403 PMCID: PMC10528577 DOI: 10.20945/2359-3997000000394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether there is a relationship between diet quality and bone health in a group of elderly Brazilian women. METHODS A cross-sectional study was performed with 105 elderly women. Participants were evaluated regarding diet quality (good, needing improvement, and poor) and its relationship with bone mineral density (BMD), bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BSAP), and C-telopeptide (CTX). RESULTS Fifty eight participants (55.2%) presented a poor-quality diet and 47 (44.8%) required dietary improvements, while no subjects presented a good quality diet. The group requiring dietary improvements had lower CTX [0.35 (0.05;1.09) vs. 0.52 (0.10;1.45); p = 0.03)] and BSAP (38.7 ± 12.9 U/L vs. 46.10 ± 15.2 U/L; p < 0.01) levels than the poor-quality diet group. Groups did not differ in terms of BMD. CONCLUSION In this group of elderly Brazilian women, there was a relationship between diet quality and bone health, where worse diet quality was associated with higher levels of bone remodelling markers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cilmery Suemi Kurokawa
- Departamento de Pediatria, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Botucatu, SP, Brasil
| | | | - José Eduardo Corrente
- Departamento de Bioestatística, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Botucatu, SP, Brasil
| | - Carlos Roberto Padovani
- Departamento de Bioestatística, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Botucatu, SP, Brasil
| | - Sérgio Alberto Rupp de Paiva
- Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Botucatu, SP, Brasil
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Nóbrega da Silva V, Goldberg TBL, Silva CC, Kurokawa CS, Fiorelli LNM, Rizzo ADCB, Corrente JE. Impact of metabolic syndrome and its components on bone remodeling in adolescents. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0253892. [PMID: 34197518 PMCID: PMC8248706 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0253892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Osteoporosis and metabolic syndrome (MetS) are diseases that have serious public health consequences, reducing the quality of life of patients and increasing morbidity and mortality, with substantial healthcare expenditures. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the impact of MetS on bone mineral density (BMD) and biochemical markers of bone formation and resorption in adolescents with excess weight. METHOD A descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study was performed that evaluated 271 adolescents of both sexes (10 to 16 years). From the total sample, 42 adolescents with excess weight and the presence of MetS (14%) were selected. A further 42 adolescents with excess weight and without MetS were chosen, matched for chronological age, bone age, and pubertal developmental criteria to those with MetS, for each sex. Anthropometric measurements, blood pressure collection, and biochemical tests were performed in all adolescents, as well as evaluation of BMD and the bone biomarkers osteocalcin (OC), bone alkaline phosphatase (BAP), and carboxy-terminal telopeptide (S-CTx). RESULTS The adolescents with excess weight and MetS exhibited significantly lower transformed BMD and concentrations of BAP, OC, and S-CTx compared to the matched group, except for OC in boys. A negative and significant correlation was observed between total body BMD and BAP (r = -0.55568; p = 0.005), OC (r = -0.81760; p = < .000), and S-CTx (r = -0.53838; p = 0.011) in girls. CONCLUSION Metabolic syndrome may be associated with reduced bone mineral density and biochemical markers of bone formation and resorption in adolescents with excess weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valéria Nóbrega da Silva
- Department of Pediatrics, Postgraduate Program in Tocogynecology, Discipline of Adolescent Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, UNESP, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Tamara Beres Lederer Goldberg
- Department of Pediatrics, Postgraduate Program in Tocogynecology, Discipline of Adolescent Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, UNESP, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | - Carla Cristiane Silva
- Department of Physical Education, University of North Paraná, Jacarezinho, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Cilmery Suemi Kurokawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Clinical and Experimental Pediatric Research Center, Botucatu Medical School, UNESP, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Luciana Nunes Mosca Fiorelli
- Department of Pediatrics, Postgraduate Program in Tocogynecology, Discipline of Adolescent Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, UNESP, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Anapaula da Conceição Bisi Rizzo
- Department of Pediatrics, Postgraduate Program in Tocogynecology, Discipline of Adolescent Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, UNESP, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - José Eduardo Corrente
- Department of Statistics, Biosciences, UNESP, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
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Jose dos Santos W, Maisa Guiraldi L, Dos Santos Paixão Marques M, Fernanda Alves-Martin M, Pacheco Sanchez G, Barbosa da Silva D, Bodelao Richini-Pereira V, Suemi Kurokawa C, Baldini Lucheis S. TRYPANOSOMA spp. in captive primates in a brazilian zoo. Rev Patol Trop 2021. [DOI: 10.5216/rpt.v50i2.69303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Captive animals, despite the constant care provided, are susceptible to infections from different sources. We herein report the natural trypanosome infection of 11 (28.2% positive) out of 39 non-human primates from 13 different species, in a Brazilian zoological park. Immunofluorescent antibody test (IFAT) and conventional polymerase chain reaction (cPCR) ruled out Trypanosoma cruzi, the etiological agent of Chagas disease. However, sequencing performed with positive samples employing hsp70 primers revealed similarities from 86% to 88% to diverse trypanosomes, including T. cruzi, Trypanosoma grayi, Trypanosoma lewisi, Trypanosoma rangeli and Trypanosoma vivax. We believe that the low similarity values obtained by sequencing reflect the difficulties in the molecular identification of trypanosomes, which share a large portion of their genetic material; this similarity may also preclude the diagnosis of co-infection by more than one trypanosome species. Thus, our study demonstrates the presence of diverse trypanosomes in primates, which are susceptible to infection by these parasites. Mechanical devices such as windows and bed nets, etc., are required to avoid vector insects in these environments, in addition to preventive quarantining of animals recently introduced into zoos. Therefore, investigation of the parasites in both the animals already residing in the zoo and those being introduced is of paramount importance, although no easy task.
KEY WORDS: Non-human primates; monkey; diagnosis; trypanosomes.
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Oliveira-Arbex AP, David ÉB, Cacciò SM, Fonseca CRBD, Martin JG, Kurokawa CS, Tosini F, Souza Neto JA, Guimarães S. Prevalence and genetic characterization of Dientamoeba fragilis in asymptomatic children attending daycare centers. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2021; 63:e39. [PMID: 33978095 PMCID: PMC8112823 DOI: 10.1590/s1678-9946202163039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to provide additional data on the prevalence and genetic diversity of Dientamoeba fragilis in human populations, we conducted a study in children from low-income communities in Sao Paulo State, Brazil. Fecal samples from daycare center attendees up to 6 years old (n=156) and staff members (n=18) were submitted to PCR and sequencing of D. fragilis as well as to microscopic examination for the presence of other intestinal parasites. All children assessed were asymptomatic and 10.3% (16/156) were positive for D. fragilis. No worker was found to be positive. An association between Dientamoeba and coinfection with other intestinal parasites was observed. Concerning the genetic diversity, 14 and only two isolates were genotype 1 and genotype 2, respectively. Our findings outline interesting aspects: (1) asymptomatic children as carriers of Dientamoeba in communities in which environmental conditions ensure parasite transmission and, (2) association between Dientamoeba infection in young children and coinfection with other enteric parasites, reinforcing its transmission via the fecal-oral route.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Oliveira-Arbex
- Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Biociências, Departmento de Parasitologia, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil.,Faculdades Integradas de Bauru, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Érica Boarato David
- Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Biociências, Departmento de Parasitologia, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil.,UNISAGRADO, Departamento de Ciências da Saúde, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Simone Mario Cacciò
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Dipartimento Malattie Infettive, Parassitarie ed Immunomediate, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Joelma Gonçalves Martin
- Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Pediatria, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cilmery Suemi Kurokawa
- Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Pediatria, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fabio Tosini
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Dipartimento Malattie Infettive, Parassitarie ed Immunomediate, Rome, Italy
| | - Jayme Augusto Souza Neto
- Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, Departamento de Bioprocessos e Biotecnologia, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Semíramis Guimarães
- Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Biociências, Departmento de Parasitologia, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
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Oliveira Junior LRD, Carvalho TB, Santos RMD, Costa ÉAPND, Pereira PCM, Kurokawa CS. Association of vitamin D3, VDR gene polymorphisms, and LL-37 with a clinical form of Chagas Disease. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2019; 52:e20190133. [PMID: 31508781 DOI: 10.1590/0037-8682-0133-2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chagas disease (CD) is an important public health problem in Brazil and worldwide. Aging and obesity are important matters in patients with CD, as is hypovitaminosis D3, which can decrease the quality of life of these patients. Immunomodulation mediated by vitamin D3, especially the production of antimicrobial peptides such as cathelicidin LL-37, might be related to the severity and symptoms of CD. This study aimed to determine the serum levels of vitamin D and LL-37 and VDR gene polymorphisms in patients with chronic CD. METHODS This study included male patients with cardiac and indeterminate clinical forms of CD. Clinical, anthropometric, and blood parameters were obtained. Serum levels of 25(OH)D3 and LL-37 were determined by chemiluminescence and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay respectively. Fok (rs731236), Bsm (rs1544410), Apa (rs7975232), and Taq (rs731236) polymorphisms of the VDR gene were investigated by PCR-RFLP. RESULTS Sixty-four patients were included in the study: 18 of the cardiac form and 46 of the indeterminate form. No differences in age, ethnicity, BMI, arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, or dyslipidemias were observed between groups. However, the serum levels of 25(OH)D3, but not of LL-37, were lower in the cardiac form group. The association among polymorphisms, vitamin D, and clinical form was not significant. CONCLUSIONS Decreased levels of vitamin D suggest an association with the cardiac form of CD. Studies investigating the roles of vitamin D and LL-37 in the immune response and their associations with VDR polymorphisms and disease susceptibility are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thaysa Buss Carvalho
- Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Medicina, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Doenças Tropicais, Botucatu, SP, Brasil
| | - Rodrigo Mattos Dos Santos
- Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Medicina, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Doenças Tropicais, Botucatu, SP, Brasil
| | | | - Paulo Câmara Marques Pereira
- Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Medicina, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Doenças Tropicais, Botucatu, SP, Brasil
| | - Cilmery Suemi Kurokawa
- Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Medicina, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Doenças Tropicais, Botucatu, SP, Brasil
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Rizzo ADCB, Goldberg TBL, Biason TP, Kurokawa CS, Silva CCD, Corrente JE, Nunes HRC. One-year adolescent bone mineral density and bone formation marker changes through the use or lack of use of combined hormonal contraceptives. J Pediatr (Rio J) 2019; 95:567-574. [PMID: 29959901 DOI: 10.1016/j.jped.2018.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Revised: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of two low-dose combined oral contraceptives on bone metabolism in adolescents for one year. METHODS This was a quasi-experimental study. The adolescents were divided into three groups: oral contraceptives 1 (n=42) (20μg EE/150μg desogestrel), oral contraceptives 2 (n=66) (30μg EE/3mg drospirenone), and a control group (n=70). Adolescents underwent anthropometric assessment and densitometry (dual-energy X-ray). Bone age and bone formation markers (osteocalcin and bone alkaline phosphatase) were evaluated. The oral contraceptives users were evaluated again after 12 months. Linear regression analysis was used to indirectly study the effect of each additional year of chronological age on anthropometric and densitometric variables as well as on bone markers in the control group. RESULTS At study entry, no significant differences were observed between the oral contraceptives 1, oral contraceptives 2, and controls in the analyzed variables. Linear regression analysis showed an increase in bone mineral density and bone mineral content for each additional year. There was a significant reduction in bone alkaline phosphatase levels; no significant difference was observed for osteocalcin in control individuals. Comparison of dual-energy X-ray variables at baseline and after one year showed no significant differences in the oral contraceptives 1 or oral contraceptives 2 groups. A significant reduction in bone alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin levels was observed in both the oral contraceptives 1 and oral contraceptives 2 groups. CONCLUSION Adolescent women gain peak bone mass during this phase of life. Two low-dose combined oral hormonal contraceptives were associated with lower bone gain and lower bone formation markers than in untreated controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anapaula da Conceição Bisi Rizzo
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Departamento de Pediatria, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ginecologia, Obstetrícia e Mastologia, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Tamara Beres Lederer Goldberg
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Departamento de Pediatria, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ginecologia, Obstetrícia e Mastologia, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
| | - Talita Poli Biason
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Departamento de Pediatria, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ginecologia, Obstetrícia e Mastologia, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Cilmery Suemi Kurokawa
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Departamento de Pediatria, Centro de Pesquisa Pediátrica Clínica e Experimental, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | | | - José Eduardo Corrente
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Estatística, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
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Rizzo ADCB, Goldberg TBL, Biason TP, Kurokawa CS, Silva CCD, Corrente JE, Nunes HRC. One‐year adolescent bone mineral density and bone formation marker changes through the use or lack of use of combined hormonal contraceptives. Jornal de Pediatria (Versão em Português) 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedp.2018.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Carvalho TB, Padovani CR, de Oliveira Júnior LR, Latini ACP, Kurokawa CS, Pereira PCM, Dos Santos RM. ACAT-1 gene rs1044925 SNP and its relation with different clinical forms of chronic Chagas disease. Parasitol Res 2019; 118:2343-2351. [PMID: 31236660 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-019-06377-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Chagas disease, caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi (T. cruzi), although discovered more than a century ago, is still a not very well-elucidated aspect. Individuals in the chronic phase of the disease may present asymptomatic clinical form or symptomatologies related to the cardiac, digestive systems, or both (mixed clinical form). SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphisms) have been identified as important markers because they constitute about 90% of the variation in the human genome. One of them is localized to the ACAT-1 gene (cholesterol acyltransferase 1) (rs1044925) and has been linked to lipid disorders. Some studies have suggested the interaction between T. cruzi and the lipid metabolism of the host. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the association between the ACAT-1 gene rs1044925 SNP in relation to clinical manifestations in patients with chronic Chagas disease. A total of 135 individuals with chronic Chagas disease, 86 (63.7%) asymptomatic individuals and 49 (36.3%) symptomatic patients (22 with cardiac clinical form, 18 with digestive form and 9 with mixed form) participated in the study. To evaluate the polymorphism, the PCR-RFLP technique were used. There was a significant difference and a higher frequency of AA and AC genotypes (p = 0.047 and p = 0.016, respectively) of the ACAT-1 gene in asymptomatic chagasic individuals. The result suggests a protective character of the AA and AC genotypes of the rs1044925 SNP in relation to the presence of symptomatic clinical manifestations of the disease in chronic chagasic individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaysa Buss Carvalho
- Department of Tropical Diseases, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista), Laboratório de Moléstias Infecciosas - UNIPEX - FMB UNESP, Rua Dr. Walter Mauricio Correa s/n, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Carlos Roberto Padovani
- Departament of Bioestatistics, Botucatu Biosciences Institute São Paulo State University (UNESP-Univ Estadual Paulista), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luiz Roberto de Oliveira Júnior
- Department of Tropical Diseases, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista), Laboratório de Moléstias Infecciosas - UNIPEX - FMB UNESP, Rua Dr. Walter Mauricio Correa s/n, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Carla Pereira Latini
- Department of Tropical Diseases, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista), Laboratório de Moléstias Infecciosas - UNIPEX - FMB UNESP, Rua Dr. Walter Mauricio Correa s/n, São Paulo, Brazil.,Departament of Molecular Biology, Lauro de Souza Lima Institute, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cilmery Suemi Kurokawa
- Department of Tropical Diseases, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista), Laboratório de Moléstias Infecciosas - UNIPEX - FMB UNESP, Rua Dr. Walter Mauricio Correa s/n, São Paulo, Brazil.,Departament of Pediatrics, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP-Univ Estadual Paulista), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo Câmara Marques Pereira
- Department of Tropical Diseases, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista), Laboratório de Moléstias Infecciosas - UNIPEX - FMB UNESP, Rua Dr. Walter Mauricio Correa s/n, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Mattos Dos Santos
- Department of Tropical Diseases, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista), Laboratório de Moléstias Infecciosas - UNIPEX - FMB UNESP, Rua Dr. Walter Mauricio Correa s/n, São Paulo, Brazil
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Fioretto JR, Pires RB, Klefens SO, Kurokawa CS, Carpi MF, Bonatto RC, Moraes MA, Ronchi CF. Inflammatory lung injury in rabbits: effects of high-frequency oscillatory ventilation in the prone position. J Bras Pneumol 2019; 45:e20180067. [PMID: 30916116 PMCID: PMC6715165 DOI: 10.1590/1806-3713/e20180067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the effects that prone and supine positioning during high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) have on oxygenation and lung inflammation, histological injury, and oxidative stress in a rabbit model of acute lung injury (ALI). METHODS Thirty male Norfolk white rabbits were induced to ALI by tracheal saline lavage (30 mL/kg, 38°C). The injury was induced during conventional mechanical ventilation, and ALI was considered confirmed when a PaO2/FiO2 ratio < 100 mmHg was reached. Rabbits were randomly divided into two groups: HFOV in the supine position (SP group, n = 15); and HFOV with prone positioning (PP group, n = 15). For HFOV, the mean airway pressure was initially set at 16 cmH2O. At 30, 60, and 90 min after the start of the HFOV protocol, the mean airway pressure was reduced to 14, 12, and 10 cmH2O, respectively. At 120 min, the animals were returned to or remained in the supine position for an extra 30 min. We evaluated oxygenation indices and histological lung injury scores, as well as TNF-α levels in BAL fluid and lung tissue. RESULTS After ALI induction, all of the animals showed significant hypoxemia, decreased respiratory system compliance, decreased oxygenation, and increased mean airway pressure in comparison with the baseline values. There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups, at any of the time points evaluated, in terms of the PaO2 or oxygenation index. However, TNF-α levels in BAL fluid were significantly lower in the PP group than in the SP group, as were histological lung injury scores. CONCLUSIONS Prone positioning appears to attenuate inflammatory and histological lung injury during HFOV in rabbits with ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Roberto Fioretto
- . Disciplina de Pediatria, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP - Botucatu (SP) Brasil
| | | | - Susiane Oliveira Klefens
- . Disciplina de Pediatria, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP - Botucatu (SP) Brasil
| | - Cilmery Suemi Kurokawa
- . Disciplina de Pediatria, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP - Botucatu (SP) Brasil
| | - Mario Ferreira Carpi
- . Disciplina de Pediatria, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP - Botucatu (SP) Brasil
| | - Rossano César Bonatto
- . Disciplina de Pediatria, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP - Botucatu (SP) Brasil
| | - Marcos Aurélio Moraes
- . Disciplina de Pediatria, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP - Botucatu (SP) Brasil
| | - Carlos Fernando Ronchi
- . Disciplina de Pediatria, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP - Botucatu (SP) Brasil
- . Departamento de Fisioterapia, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia (MG) Brasil
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12
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Sanches MD, Mimura LAN, Oliveira LRC, Ishikawa LLW, Garces HG, Bagagli E, Sartori A, Kurokawa CS, Fraga-Silva TFC. Differential Behavior of Non- albicans Candida Species in the Central Nervous System of Immunocompetent and Immunosuppressed Mice. Front Microbiol 2019; 9:2968. [PMID: 30671026 PMCID: PMC6332706 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The genus Candida includes commensal fungi that can cause local and systemic infections, frequently involving vital organs as the central nervous system (CNS). Candida spp. occupy the fourth place among infections that affect the CNS. Although the incidence of Candida albicans is decreasing among patients under immunosuppressive therapies, the incidence of non-albicans Candida is increasing. In this context, the objective of this work was to evaluate the ability of non-albicans Candida species to spread to the CNS of immunocompetent and immunosuppressed mice. Adult female C57BL/6 mice were treated with prednisolone, intravenously infected with Candida glabrata, Candida krusei and Candida parapsilosis yeasts and then evaluated at the 3rd and 14th days after infection. All Candida species disseminated to the brain from immunocompetent animals and induced local inflammation at the third day post-infection. The immunosuppression resulted in body weight loss, leukopenia and reduced IL-2 production by spleen cell cultures. Higher fungal loads were recovered from the CNS of immunosuppressed mice. Inflammatory infiltration associated to a Th1 subset profile was higher in brain samples from C. krusei immunosuppressed mice compared with immunocompetent ones. Additionally, C. krusei was able to transform into pseudohypha inside microglia in vitro infected cells and also to induce elevated nitric oxide production. Altogether, these results indicate that C. glabrata, C. krusei and C. parapsilosis are able to disseminate to the CNS and promote local inflammation in both immunocompetent and immunosuppressed mice. C. krusei displayed a distinct behavior at the CNS triggering a local Th1 profile. The possible contribution of these non-albicans Candida species to other CNS pathologies as multiple sclerosis, Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s diseases deserves further attention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luiza A N Mimura
- Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | | | | | - Hans G Garces
- Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Bagagli
- Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Alexandrina Sartori
- Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
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Santiago LTC, Meira Júnior JDD, Freitas NAD, Kurokawa CS, Rugolo LMSDS. COLOSTRUM FAT AND ENERGY CONTENT: EFFECT OF GESTATIONAL AGE AND FETAL GROWTH. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 36:286-291. [PMID: 29995137 PMCID: PMC6202904 DOI: 10.1590/1984-0462/;2018;36;3;00006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To determine whether fat content and energy value change in colostrum
according to gestational age and fetal growth. Methods: Cross-sectional study with mothers of preterm and term infants born in a
tertiary center in 2015-2016. Inclusion criteria: single pregnancy, absence
of diabetes, chorioamnionitis and mastitis, no use of illicit drugs or
alcohol, without fetal congenital malformation or infection. Four groups
were formed according to gestational age and fetal growth: preterm infants
small for gestational age (PT-SGA; n=33) and appropriate for gestational age
(PT-AGA; n=60), term infants small for gestational age (T-SGA; n=59) and
appropriate for gestational age (T-AGA; control, n=73). Colostrum was
collected between 24-72 hours postpartum. Gestational and birth variables
were analyzed. Outcome variables were: fat content in colostrum (evaluated
by crematocrit method) and estimated energy value. Chi-square or Fisher
exact tests, ANOVA, and multivariable linear regression were used for
comparison among groups. Results: Mean gestational age was 34 weeks in preterm infants and 39 weeks in term
neonates. Crematocrit did not differ between groups, with mean values
varying between 3.3 and 4.0%; estimated energy value was 52 to 56 kcal/dL.
Crematocrit ≥4% was more frequent in the T-SGA group. Only in the PT-SGA
group there was a correlation between crematocrit and body mass index of the
mother. Conclusions: The fat content and energy value of colostrum did not change according to
gestational age or fetal growth.
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14
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Freitas NAD, Santiago LTC, Kurokawa CS, Meira Junior JDD, Corrente JE, Rugolo LMSDS. Effect of preeclampsia on human milk cytokine levels. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2018; 32:2209-2213. [DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2018.1429395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Natália Alves de Freitas
- Department of Pediatrics, Botucatu School of Medicine, University Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | | | - Cilmery Suemi Kurokawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Botucatu School of Medicine, University Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
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15
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Gatto M, Oliveira LRC, De Nuzzi Dias F, Araújo Júnior JP, Lima CRG, Lordelo EP, Dos Santos RM, Kurokawa CS. Benznidazole affects expression of Th1, Th17 and Treg cytokines during acute experimental Trypanosoma cruzi infection. J Venom Anim Toxins Incl Trop Dis 2017; 23:47. [PMID: 29255475 PMCID: PMC5727918 DOI: 10.1186/s40409-017-0137-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The present study evaluated the effect of treatment with benznidazole on mRNA expression of IFN-γ, IL-17, IL-10, TGF-β and FoxP3 in spleen and heart tissue of BALB/c mice in the acute phase of an experimental infection with Trypanosoma cruzi, strains JLP or Y. Methods The mRNA expression of cytokines and parasite load were assessed by q-PCR. Dependent groups were compared using Student's paired t-test and independent groups were compared using Student's unpaired t-test. Results Infection with the JLP or Y strains increased expression of IFN-γ in the heart and of IL-10 and IL-17 in the spleen and heart compared to uninfected animals. Treatment increased the expression of IFN-γ and decreased the expression of IL-17, IL-10, TGF- β and Foxp3 in spleen and heart tissue compared to untreated infected animals. Conclusion Benznidazole can induce Th1 profile in the initial of the acute phase. The treatment decreased the parasite load in both organs, although the number of parasites in Y-strain-infected mice remained high. The data suggest that benznidazole may modulate cytokine expression in infection and can be dependent of the strain. However, treatment was not fully effective in the infection provoked by Y strain, probably due to the characteristics of the strain itself.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Gatto
- Department of Tropical Diseases, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista), Av. Professor Mário Rubens Guimarães Montenegro, s/n, Distrito de Rubião Júnior, Botucatu, 18.6186-87 SP Brazil
| | - Larissa Ragozo Cardoso Oliveira
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Botucatu Biosciences Institute, São Paulo State University (UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista), Botucatu, SP Brazil
| | - Fernanda De Nuzzi Dias
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista), Araraquara, SP Brazil
| | - João Pessoa Araújo Júnior
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Botucatu Biosciences Institute, São Paulo State University (UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista), Botucatu, SP Brazil
| | - Carlos Roberto Gonçalves Lima
- Department of Tropical Diseases, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista), Av. Professor Mário Rubens Guimarães Montenegro, s/n, Distrito de Rubião Júnior, Botucatu, 18.6186-87 SP Brazil
| | - Eliana Peresi Lordelo
- Department of Immunology, University of Western São Paulo (Unoeste), Presidente Prudente, SP Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Mattos Dos Santos
- Department of Tropical Diseases, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista), Av. Professor Mário Rubens Guimarães Montenegro, s/n, Distrito de Rubião Júnior, Botucatu, 18.6186-87 SP Brazil
| | - Cilmery Suemi Kurokawa
- Department of Tropical Diseases, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista), Av. Professor Mário Rubens Guimarães Montenegro, s/n, Distrito de Rubião Júnior, Botucatu, 18.6186-87 SP Brazil
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16
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Mosca LN, Goldberg TBL, da Silva VN, Kurokawa CS, Rizzo ACB, da Silva CC, Dos Santos Teixeira A, Corrente JE. The impact of excess body fat on bone remodeling in adolescents. Osteoporos Int 2017; 28:1053-1062. [PMID: 27900427 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-016-3838-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The impact of excess body fat on bone remodeling was evaluated in overweight, obese, and extremely obese adolescents. In adolescents with excess weight, it was observed that the higher the bone mineral content and bone mineral density values, the lower the levels of the biomarkers. Nutritional imbalances by excess had a negative effect on bone formation in this stage of life. INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of excess body fat on bone remodeling in adolescents. METHODS Body weight, height, and body mass index were determined in 391 adolescents classified as normal weight, overweight, obese, and extremely obese. Bone age was obtained and bone mineral content and bone mineral density were evaluated in the lumbar spine, proximal femur, and total and subtotal body. Blood samples were collected for evaluation of the following bone biomarkers: osteocalcin, bone alkaline phosphatase (BAP), and serum carboxy-terminal telopeptide (S-CTx). The data were analyzed according to nutritional status and age. RESULTS In girls with excess weight, the biomarkers were higher in the 10 to 13-year age group and no significant differences were observed between groups according to nutritional status. In boys, the levels were higher in those aged 13 to 15 years. According to nutritional status, significant differences were only observed in mean S-CTx for the age groups of 10-15 years, with higher levels between overweight and obese adolescents aged 10-12 years and between obese and extremely obese adolescents aged 13-15 years. In girls, significant negative correlations were observed between lean mass, fat mass, and fat percentage and each of the three bone markers studied. There was no correlation between lean mass or fat mass and the three biomarkers in boys. The biomarker trends demonstrated across the age groups follow the age trends for growth velocity. CONCLUSIONS The higher the fat percentage and fat mass in girls, the lower the levels of the biomarkers, indicating that excess body fat has a negative effect on the evolution of these markers during adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- L N Mosca
- Postgraduate Program in Gynecology, Obstetrics, and Mastology, Discipline of Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, 18618-970, Brazil
| | - T B L Goldberg
- Postgraduate Program in Gynecology, Obstetrics, and Mastology, Discipline of Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, 18618-970, Brazil.
| | - V N da Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Gynecology, Obstetrics, and Mastology, Discipline of Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, 18618-970, Brazil
| | - C S Kurokawa
- Clinical and Experimental Pediatric Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, 18618-970, Brazil
| | - A C B Rizzo
- Postgraduate Program in Gynecology, Obstetrics, and Mastology, Discipline of Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, 18618-970, Brazil
| | - C C da Silva
- Department of Physical Education, University of North Paraná, Jacarezinho, Paraná, Brazil
| | - A Dos Santos Teixeira
- Tropical Disease and Image Diagnosis, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, 18618-970, Brazil
| | - J E Corrente
- Department of Statistics, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, 18618-970, Brazil
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17
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da Silva VN, Fiorelli LNM, da Silva CC, Kurokawa CS, Goldberg TBL. Do metabolic syndrome and its components have an impact on bone mineral density in adolescents? Nutr Metab (Lond) 2017; 14:1. [PMID: 28053645 PMCID: PMC5209875 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-016-0156-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, there has been growing concern about the occurrence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) at an early age and its effects on bone mass in adolescents. Adolescence is considered a critical period for bone mass gain. Impaired bone acquisition during this phase can lead to “suboptimal” peak bone mass and increase the risk of osteopenia/osteoporosis and fractures in old age. The objective of this review was to perform a critical analysis of articles that specifically focus on this age group, evaluating the influence of MetS and its components on bone mineral density in adolescents. A possible relationship between this syndrome and bone mass has been demonstrated, but the number of studies addressing this topic in adolescents is small. Despite the scarcity of evidence, the results of those studies show that Metabolic Syndrome is negatively correlated with bone mass and also that some components of MetS are negatively correlated with bone mineral density in adolescents. However, the associations between MetS and bone mass development need to be further explored in the age group corresponding to adolescence. Further good-quality studies are necessary to complement the understanding of this relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valéria Nóbrega da Silva
- Department of Pediatrics, Discipline of Adolescent Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Gynecology, Obstetrics, and Mastology, Botucatu School of Medicine, UNESP, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, São Paulo Brazil
| | - Luciana Nunes Mosca Fiorelli
- Department of Pediatrics, Discipline of Adolescent Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Gynecology, Obstetrics, and Mastology, Botucatu School of Medicine, UNESP, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, São Paulo Brazil
| | | | - Cilmery Suemi Kurokawa
- Clinical and Experimental Pediatric Research Center, Department of Pediatrics and Postgraduate Program in Tropical Disease, Botucatu School of Medicine, UNESP, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, São Paulo Brazil
| | - Tamara Beres Lederer Goldberg
- Department of Pediatrics, Discipline of Adolescent Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Gynecology, Obstetrics, and Mastology, Botucatu School of Medicine, UNESP, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, São Paulo Brazil
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18
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Fioretto JR, Klefens SO, Pires RF, Kurokawa CS, Carpi MF, Bonatto RC, Moraes MA, Ronchi CF. Comparison between conventional protective mechanical ventilation and
high-frequency oscillatory ventilation associated with the prone position. Rev Bras Ter Intensiva 2017; 29:427-435. [PMID: 29236845 PMCID: PMC5764554 DOI: 10.5935/0103-507x.20170067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To compare the effects of high-frequency oscillatory ventilation and
conventional protective mechanical ventilation associated with the prone
position on oxygenation, histology and pulmonary oxidative damage in an
experimental model of acute lung injury. Methods Forty-five rabbits with tracheostomy and vascular access were underwent
mechanical ventilation. Acute lung injury was induced by tracheal infusion
of warm saline. Three experimental groups were formed: healthy animals +
conventional protective mechanical ventilation, supine position (Control
Group; n = 15); animals with acute lung injury + conventional protective
mechanical ventilation, prone position (CMVG; n = 15); and animals with
acute lung injury + high-frequency oscillatory ventilation, prone position
(HFOG; n = 15). Ten minutes after the beginning of the specific ventilation
of each group, arterial gasometry was collected, with this timepoint being
called time zero, after which the animal was placed in prone position and
remained in this position for 4 hours. Oxidative stress was evaluated by the
total antioxidant performance assay. Pulmonary tissue injury was determined
by histopathological score. The level of significance was 5%. Results Both groups with acute lung injury showed worsening of oxygenation after
induction of injury compared with the Control Group. After 4 hours, there
was a significant improvement in oxygenation in the HFOG group compared with
CMVG. Analysis of total antioxidant performance in plasma showed greater
protection in HFOG. HFOG had a lower histopathological lesion score in lung
tissue than CMVG. Conclusion High-frequency oscillatory ventilation, associated with prone position,
improves oxygenation and attenuates oxidative damage and histopathological
lung injury compared with conventional protective mechanical
ventilation.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Roberto Fioretto
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu,
Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” - Botucatu (SP),
Brazil
| | - Susiane Oliveira Klefens
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu,
Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” - Botucatu (SP),
Brazil
| | - Rafaelle Fernandes Pires
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu,
Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” - Botucatu (SP),
Brazil
| | - Cilmery Suemi Kurokawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu,
Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” - Botucatu (SP),
Brazil
| | - Mario Ferreira Carpi
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu,
Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” - Botucatu (SP),
Brazil
| | - Rossano César Bonatto
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu,
Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” - Botucatu (SP),
Brazil
| | - Marcos Aurélio Moraes
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu,
Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” - Botucatu (SP),
Brazil
| | - Carlos Fernando Ronchi
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu,
Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” - Botucatu (SP),
Brazil
- Faculdade de Educação Física e Fisioterapia, Universidade Federal
de Uberlândia - Uberlândia (MG), Brazil
- Corresponding author: Carlos Fernando Ronchi,
Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Rua Benjamin Constant, 1.286, Zip
code: 38.400-678 - Uberlândia (MG), Brazil. E-mail:
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Madoglio RJ, Rugolo LMSS, Kurokawa CS, Sá MPA, Lyra JC, Antunes LCO. Inflammatory and oxidative stress airway markers in premature newborns of hypertensive mothers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 49:e5160. [PMID: 27533763 PMCID: PMC4988474 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20165160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2015] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Although oxidative stress and inflammation are important mechanisms in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia and preterm diseases, their contribution to the respiratory prognosis of premature infants of hypertensive mothers is not known. Our objective was to determine the levels of oxidative stress and inflammation markers in the airways of premature infants born to hypertensive and normotensive mothers, in the first 72 h of life, and to investigate whether they are predictors of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD)/death. This was a prospective study with premature infants less than 34 weeks' gestation on respiratory support who were stratified into 2 groups: 32 premature infants of hypertensive mothers and 41 of normotensive women, with a mean gestational age of 29 weeks. Exclusion criteria were as follows: diabetes mellitus, chorioamnionitis, malformation, congenital infection, and death within 24 h after birth. The outcome of interest was BPD/death. Malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), and interleukin 8 (IL-8) were measured in airway aspirates from the first and third days of life and did not differ between the groups. Univariate and multivariate statistical analyses were performed. The concentrations of MDA, NO, and IL-8 were not predictors of BPD/death. Premature infants who developed BPD/death had higher levels of IL-8 in the first days of life. The gestational age, mechanical ventilation, and a small size for gestational age were risk factors for BPD/death. In conclusion, the biomarkers evaluated were not increased in premature infants of hypertensive mothers and were not predictors of BPD/death.
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Affiliation(s)
- R J Madoglio
- Curso de Pós-Graduação de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, SP, Brasil
| | - L M S S Rugolo
- Departamento de Pediatria, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, SP, Brasil
| | - C S Kurokawa
- Departamento de Pediatria, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, SP, Brasil
| | - M P A Sá
- Curso de Pós-Graduação de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, SP, Brasil
| | - J C Lyra
- Departamento de Pediatria, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, SP, Brasil
| | - L C O Antunes
- Divisão de Fisioterapia, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, SP, Brasil
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Biason TP, Goldberg TBL, Kurokawa CS, Moretto MR, Teixeira AS, Nunes HRDC. Low-dose combined oral contraceptive use is associated with lower bone mineral content variation in adolescents over a 1-year period. BMC Endocr Disord 2015; 15:15. [PMID: 25990414 PMCID: PMC4443632 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-015-0012-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2014] [Accepted: 03/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low-dose combined oral contraceptives (COCs) can interfere with bone mass acquisition during adolescence. This study aimed to evaluate bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) in female adolescents taking a standard low-dose COC (ethinylestradiol 20 μg/desogestrel 150 μg) over a 1-year period and to compare their data with those of healthy adolescents from the same age group not taking COCs. METHODS This was a non-randomized parallel-control study with a 1-year follow-up. Sixty-seven adolescents aged from 12 to 19 years, divided into COC users (n = 41) taking 20 μg ethinylestradiol/150 μg desogestrel and COC non-user controls (n = 26), were evaluated by bone densitometry examinations at baseline and after 12 months. Comparisons between the groups at the study onset were performed using the Mann-Whitney test with the significance level fixed at 5% or p < 0.05. Comparisons between the groups at the study onset and after 12 months were based on variations in the median percentages for bone mass variables. RESULTS The COC users presented with low bone mass acquisition in the lumbar spine, and had BMD and BMC median variations of 2.07% and +1.57%, respectively, between the measurements at baseline and 12 months. The control group had median variations of +12.16% and +16.84% for BMD and BMC, respectively, over the same period. The total body BMD and BMC showed similar evolutions during the study in both groups. Statistical significance (p < 0.05) was seen for the BMC percentage variation between COC users and non-users. CONCLUSIONS Use of a low-dose COC (ethinylestradiol 20 μg/desogestrel 150 μg) was associated with lower bone mass acquisition in adolescents during the study period. TRIAL REGISTRATION Registry Number, RBR-5h9b3c.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talita Poli Biason
- Department of Pediatrics, Adolescent Medicine Discipline, Graduate Program in Gynecology, Obstetrics, and Mastology, Botucatu School of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Tamara Beres Lederer Goldberg
- Department of Pediatrics, Adolescent Medicine Discipline, Graduate Program in Gynecology, Obstetrics, and Mastology, Botucatu School of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Cilmery Suemi Kurokawa
- Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Maria Regina Moretto
- Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Altamir Santos Teixeira
- Department of Tropical Diseases and Diagnostic Imaging, Botucatu School of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São Paulo, Brazil.
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Rugolo LMSDS, de Sá MPA, Kurokawa CS, Madoglio RJ, Bentlin MR, Rugolo A, Corrente JE. There is no difference in nitric oxide metabolites and neonatal outcome between premature infants born to pre-eclamptic and those born to normotensive women. Paediatr Int Child Health 2015; 35:47-52. [PMID: 25547177 DOI: 10.1179/2046905514y.0000000127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pathophysiology of pre-eclampsia (PE) is complex, and nitric oxide (NO) may be a factor. The neonatal outcome in pregnancies complicated by PE is controversial, and the PE/NO/neonatal diseases relationship has not been well established. AIMS To measure nitrate and nitrite levels in the placenta, umbilical cord blood, blood and urine of preterm neonates born to pre-eclamptic and normotensive women and to investigate the relationship between placental, fetal and neonatal NO metabolites and neonatal outcome. METHODS A prospective study was undertaken of 30 preterm infants <34 weeks of gestation, born to pre-eclamptic mothers and matched by gestational age with 30 infants born to normotensive mothers. Samples from the placental tissue, venous cord blood and the newborns' blood on day 4 and urine on days 1 and 4 were assayed for NO metabolites (nitrate and nitrite). Clinical variables and NO metabolites were compared between the groups. Generalised linear models were fitted to associate NO metabolites levels with adverse neonatal outcomes. RESULTS There were no differences in NO metabolites and neonatal outcomes between the two groups. Increased levels of NO metabolites were found in the placenta and cord blood of small-for-gestational-age infants, and in the cord blood of newborns with necrotising enterocolitis and those who died. CONCLUSION NO metabolite levels in the placenta and fetal and neonatal circulation were not associated with PE; however, cord blood levels of NO metabolites differed according to fetal growth and neonatal outcome.
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Fortes CMT, Goldberg TBL, Kurokawa CS, Silva CC, Moretto MR, Biason TP, Teixeira AS, Nunes HRDC. Relationship between chronological and bone ages and pubertal stage of breasts with bone biomarkers and bone mineral density in adolescents. J Pediatr (Rio J) 2014; 90:624-31. [PMID: 25035136 DOI: 10.1016/j.jped.2014.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2013] [Revised: 03/26/2014] [Accepted: 04/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study bone mineral density (BMD) in adolescent females according to five groups of chronological age (CA), bone age (BA), and breast development stage (B), and to correlate these parameters with plasma bone biomarkers (BB). METHODS This was a cross-sectional study performed in 101 healthy adolescent females between 10 and 20 years old. The study variables were: weight, height, body mass index (BMI), CA, B, BA, calcium intake, BMD, and BB. Osteocalcin (OC), bone alkaline phosphatase (BAP), and C-terminal telopeptide (S-CTx) were evaluated for BB. BMD was measured using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). RESULTS BMD in lumbar spine, proximal femur, and total body increased with age, and the respective observed averages were: in CA1 (10 years old), 0.631, 0.692, 0.798 g/cm(2); in CA2 (11 to 12 years old), 0.698, 0.763, 0.840 g/cm(2); in CA3 (13 to 14 years old), 0.865, 0.889, 0.972 g/cm(2); in CA4 (15 to 16 years old), 0.902, 0.922, 1.013 g/cm(2); and in CA5 (17 to 19 years old), 0.944, 0.929, 1.35 g/cm(2). These results showed significant differences between 13 and 14 years of age (CA3) or when girls reached the B3 stage (0.709, 0.832, 0.867 g/cm(2)). The highest median concentrations of BB were between 10 and 12 years of age when adolescents were in the B2-B3 (p<0.001). Median BB concentrations decreased in advanced BA and B. CONCLUSIONS BB concentrations were positively correlated with the peak height velocity and negatively correlated with BMD in the study sites. Increased BMD and BB concentrations were observed in B3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Maria Teixeira Fortes
- Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Botucatu Medical School, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Tamara Beres Lederer Goldberg
- Department of Pediatrics, Adolescent Medicine Discipline, Graduate Program in Gynecology, Obstetrics, and Mastology, Botucatu Medical School, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Cilmery Suemi Kurokawa
- Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Botucatu Medical School, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Carla Cristiani Silva
- Department of Physical Education, Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná (UENP), Paraná, PR, Brazil
| | - Maria Regina Moretto
- Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Botucatu Medical School, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Talita Poli Biason
- Department of Pediatrics, Adolescent Medicine Discipline, Botucatu Medical School, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Altamir Santos Teixeira
- Tropical Diseases and Image Diagnosis Department, Botucatu Medical School, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Fortes CMT, Goldberg TBL, Kurokawa CS, Silva CC, Moretto MR, Biason TP, Teixeira AS, Nunes HRDC. Relationship between chronological and bone ages and pubertal stage of breasts with bone biomarkers and bone mineral density in adolescents. Jornal de Pediatria (Versão em Português) 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedp.2014.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Mosca LN, Goldberg TBL, da Silva VN, da Silva CC, Kurokawa CS, Bisi Rizzo AC, Corrente JE. Excess body fat negatively affects bone mass in adolescents. Nutrition 2014; 30:847-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2013.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2013] [Revised: 12/06/2013] [Accepted: 12/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Ronchi CF, Ferreira ALA, Campos FJ, Kurokawa CS, Carpi MF, Moraes MA, Bonatto RC, Yeum KJ, Fioretto JR. Interactive effects of mechanical ventilation, inhaled nitric oxide and oxidative stress in acute lung injury. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2014; 190:118-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2013.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2013] [Revised: 10/14/2013] [Accepted: 10/15/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Kurokawa CS, Araujo JP, Soares AMVC, Sugizaki MF, Peraçoli MTS. Pro- and Anti-Inflammatory Cytokines Produced by Human Monocytes ChallengedIn VitrowithParacoccidioides brasiliensis. Microbiol Immunol 2013; 51:421-8. [PMID: 17446681 DOI: 10.1111/j.1348-0421.2007.tb03929.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Monocytes and macrophages play a central role in innate and adaptive immune response against systemic fungal infections. Imbalances in suppressor or stimulatory cytokine secretion caused by these cells may influence disease development, microorganism death, and the nature of the adaptive immune response. This study analyzed the monocyte cytokine profiles of healthy individuals challenged with high and low virulent strains of P. brasiliensis and mRNA cytokine expression kinetics by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Peripheral blood monocytes from healthy volunteers were cultured in vitro with and without virulent (Pb18) or low virulence (Pb265) strains from P. brasiliensis viable yeast cells. Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1beta), IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta1) were measured in culture supernatants by enzyme immunoassay (ELISA), and mRNA cytokine expression was determined by RT-PCR at 0, 4, 8, 12, 18 and 48 hr. Both P. brasiliensis strains induced monocyte production of IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-alpha. Pb18 induced higher levels of IL-1beta, IL-6, and IL-10 than Pb265. IL-8 and TGF-beta1 levels were not significantly different from those cultured without stimulus. The mRNA cytokine expression was similar to supernatant cytokines measured by ELISA. In vitro monocyte challenge with virulent P. brasiliensis strain induces earlier and higher levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines than low virulence strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cilmery Suemi Kurokawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Kurokawa CS, Hashimoto M, de Souza Rugolo LMS, Bentlin MR, Golin MDA, Peraçoli JC, da Silva MG, Corrente JE, Fekete SMW. Cord blood cytokine levels in focal early-onset neonatal infection after preterm premature rupture of membranes. Turk J Pediatr 2013; 55:598-605. [PMID: 24577977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in umbilical cord blood of preterm neonates who developed focal early-onset infection (EOI) after preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM). This is a prospective study conducted on 46 preterm infants from mothers with PPROM. The cytokines were measure by flow cytometry. Newborns were classified into two groups as focal EOI (n=19) and non-infected (n=27). Interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 levels were higher, whereas IL-10 and IL-12 p70 levels were lower in the EOI when compared to the non-infected group. The best combination of cytokines was IL-6+IL-8, with a diagnostic accuracy of 0.97. Focal EOI after PPROM is associated with increased levels of IL-6 and IL-8 and diminished IL-10 and IL-12 in the cord blood of preterm infants. Combined assessment of IL-6 and IL-8 in cord blood may provide an additional tool for identifying preterm infants who develop EOI after PPROM.
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MESH Headings
- Biomarkers/blood
- Cytokines/metabolism
- Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
- Female
- Fetal Blood/metabolism
- Fetal Membranes, Premature Rupture/blood
- Fetal Membranes, Premature Rupture/immunology
- Flow Cytometry
- Follow-Up Studies
- Humans
- Immunity, Innate
- Infant, Premature
- Infant, Premature, Diseases/blood
- Infant, Premature, Diseases/diagnosis
- Infant, Premature, Diseases/immunology
- Pregnancy
- Prospective Studies
- Sepsis/blood
- Sepsis/diagnosis
- Time Factors
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Affiliation(s)
- Cilmery Suemi Kurokawa
- Department of Pediatrics Bioscience Institute of Botucatu, UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil. ,
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Kurokawa CS, Fioretto JR, de Araújo Júnior JP, Pires RB, Moraes MA, Klefens SO, Moretto MR, Teixeira Fortes CM, Bonatto RC, Carpi MF. 153. Cytokine 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2013.06.156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Martin JG, Kurokawa CS, Carpi MF, Bonatto RC, Moraes MAD, Fioretto JR. Interleukin-12 in children with sepsis and septic shock. Rev Bras Ter Intensiva 2012; 24:130-136. [PMID: 23917759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2012] [Accepted: 06/03/2012] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the behavior of interleukin-12 and verify whether it can be used to differentiate septic conditions in children. METHODS Septic children aged between 28 days and 14 years, prospectively enrolled from 01/2004 to 12/2005, were divided into sepsis (SG; n=47) and septic shock (SSG; n=43) groups. Interleukin-12 levels were measured at admission (T0) and 12 hours later (T12). Disease severity was assessed by the PRISM score. RESULTS Interleukin-12 levels did not differentiate children with sepsis from those with septic shock at admission [SSG: 0.24 (0-226.4)=SG: 1.23 (0-511.6); p=0.135)] and T12 [SG: 6.11 (0-230.5)=SSG: 1.32 (0-61.0); p=0.1239)]. Comparing time points, no significant difference was observed in the SG [SG, T0: 1.23 (0-511.6)=T12: 6.11 (0-230.5); p=0.075]. In SSG however, interleukin-12 increased from T0 to T12 (SSG, T0: 0.24 (0-226.4)<T12: 1.32 (0-61.0); p=0.018]. The mean percentage agreement between the clinical diagnosis and laboratory findings was 59.7% and 58.5% for the SG and SSG, respectively, with no significant difference between groups and time points (p>0.05). There was no correlation between onterleukin-12 levels at admission and the PRISM score for either group. CONCLUSION Interleukin-12 levels cannot differentiate between septic conditions and are not related to disease severity at admission. In septic shock patients, interleukin-12 increases with time.
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Martin JG, Kurokawa CS, Carpi MF, Bonatto RC, Moraes MAD, Fioretto JR. Interleucina-12 em crianças com sepse e choque séptico. Rev Bras Ter Intensiva 2012. [DOI: 10.1590/s0103-507x2012000200006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Biondo GA, Dias-Melicio LA, Bordon-Graciani AP, Kurokawa CS, Soares AMV. Production of leukotriene B4 by Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. Yeast 2012; 29:201-8. [DOI: 10.1002/yea.2900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2010] [Revised: 03/21/2012] [Accepted: 04/03/2012] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Augusto Biondo
- Departamento de Microbiologia e Imunologia; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP); Campus de Botucatu; SP; Brazil
| | | | - Ana Paula Bordon-Graciani
- Departamento de Microbiologia e Imunologia; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP); Campus de Botucatu; SP; Brazil
| | - Cilmery Suemi Kurokawa
- Departamento de Pediatria; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP); Campus de Botucatu; SP; Brazil
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Abstract
Paracoccidioidomycosis is the most prevalent systemic mycosis in Latin America, among immunecompetent patients. It's caused by the dimorphic fungus Paracoccidioiddes brasiliensis. Investigations regarding its immunopathogenesis are very important in the understanding of aspects related to natural history, as the protective immunity, and the relationship between host and parasite; also favoring the knowledge about clinical patterns and the elaboration of therapeutic strategies. The disease clinical polymorphism depends, at least, of the immune response profile according to the tissue and blood released citokynes, resulting in tissue damage.
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Ronchi CF, Fioretto JR, Ferreira ALA, Berchieri-Ronchi CB, Correa CR, Kurokawa CS, Carpi MF, Moraes MA, Yeum KJ. Biomarkers for oxidative stress in acute lung injury induced in rabbits submitted to different strategies of mechanical ventilation. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2012; 112:1184-90. [PMID: 22302956 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.01334.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative damage has been said to play an important role in pulmonary injury, which is associated with the development and progression of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). We aimed to identify biomarkers to determine the oxidative stress in an animal model of acute lung injury (ALI) using two different strategies of mechanical ventilation. Rabbits were ventilated using either conventional mechanical ventilation (CMV) or high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV). Lung injury was induced by tracheal saline infusion (30 ml/kg, 38°C). In addition, five healthy rabbits were studied for oxidative stress. Isolated lymphocytes from peripheral blood and lung tissue samples were analyzed by alkaline single cell gel electrophoresis (comet assay) to determine DNA damage. Total antioxidant performance (TAP) assay was applied to measure overall antioxidant performance in plasma and lung tissue. HFOV rabbits had similar results to healthy animals, showing significantly higher antioxidant performance and lower DNA damage compared with CMV in lung tissue and plasma. Total antioxidant performance showed a significant positive correlation (r = 0.58; P = 0.0006) in plasma and lung tissue. In addition, comet assay presented a significant positive correlation (r = 0.66; P = 0.007) between cells recovered from target tissue and peripheral blood. Moreover, antioxidant performance was significantly and negatively correlated with DNA damage (r = -0.50; P = 0.002) in lung tissue. This study indicates that both TAP and comet assay identify increased oxidative stress in CMV rabbits compared with HFOV. Antioxidant performance analyzed by TAP and oxidative DNA damage by comet assay, both in plasma, reflects oxidative stress in the target tissue, which warrants further studies in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Fernando Ronchi
- Jean Mayer United States Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA.
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da Silva CC, Kurokawa CS, Nga HS, Moretto MR, Dalmas JC, Goldberg TBL. Bone metabolism biomarkers, body weight, and bone age in healthy Brazilian male adolescents. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2012; 25:479-84. [PMID: 22876542 DOI: 10.1515/jpem-2012-0022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Eighty-seven male volunteers were grouped according to bone age (BA): 10-12 years (n=25), 13-15 years (n=36), and 16-18 years (n=26), and the following were recorded for each: weight (kg), height (m), BMI (kg/m(2)), calcium intake from three 24-h food recalls (mg/day), puberty evaluation by Tanner stages, bone biomarker (BB) evaluation, serum osteocalcin (OC), bone alkaline phosphatase (BAP), carboxyterminal telopeptide (S-CTx), and bone mineral density (BMD) evaluations by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (g x cm(2)) in the lumbar spine, proximal femur, and the whole body. BBs showed similar behaviors, and very high median values were observed for individuals aged 13-15 years (BAP = 155.50 IU/L, OC = 41.63 ng/mL, S-CT x =2.09 ng/mL). Lower median BB values were observed with advancing BA between 16 and 18 years (BA P =79.80 IU/L, O C =27.80 ng/mL, S-CT x =1.65 ng/mL). Stepwise multiple regression analysis showed body weight associated with BA as independent variables with greater determination power for S-CTx (r(2) = 0.40) and OC (r(2)=0.21). For BAP, stepwise analysis showed body weight and whole-body BMD (r(2) = 0.34). All predictive models showed significance ( p < 0.01). A high turnover for both bone formation and resorption biomarkers, particularly from 13 to 15 years of BA, were observed along with very low values in the 16-18 age range. Weight and BA were significant in determining predictive equations of OC and of S-CTx, whereas for BAP, weight and BMD of full body were selected.
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Ronchi CF, dos Anjos Ferreira AL, Campos FJ, Kurokawa CS, Carpi MF, de Moraes MA, Bonatto RC, Defaveri J, Yeum KJ, Fioretto JR. High-frequency oscillatory ventilation attenuates oxidative lung injury in a rabbit model of acute lung injury. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2011; 236:1188-96. [DOI: 10.1258/ebm.2011.011085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanical ventilation (MV) can induce lung oxidative stress, which plays an important role in pulmonary injury. This study compared protective conventional mechanical ventilation (CMV) and high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) for oxygenation, oxidative stress, inflammatory and histopathological lung injury in a rabbit model of acute lung injury (ALI). Rabbits ( n = 30) were ventilated at FiO2 1.0. Lung injury was induced by tracheal saline infusion (30 mL/kg, 38°C). Animals were randomly assigned to: (a) sham control (CG: tidal volume [ VT] 6 mL/kg, positive end expiratory pressure [PEEP] 5 cmH2O, respiratory rate [RR] 40 ipm); (b) ALI + CMV (CMVG: VT 6 mL/kg, PEEP 10 cmH2O, RR 40 ipm); or (c) ALI + HFOV (HFG: mean airway pressure [Paw] 14 cmH2O, RR 10 Hz) groups. Lung oxidative stress was assessed by total antioxidant performance assay, inflammatory response by the number of polymorphonuclear leukocytes/bronchoalveolar lavage fluid/lung and pulmonary histological damage was quantified by a score. Ventilatory and hemodynamic parameters were recorded every 30 min. Both ALI groups showed worse oxygenation after lung injury induction. After four hours of ventilation, HFG showed better oxygenation (partial pressure of oxygen [PaO2] – CG: 465.9 ± 30.5 = HFG: 399.1 ± 98.2 > CMVG: 232.7 ± 104 mmHg, P < 0.05) and inflammatory responses (CMVG: 4.27 ± 1.50 > HFG: 0.33 ± 0.20 = CG: 0.16 ± 0.15; polymorphonuclear cells/bronchoalveolar lavage fluid/lung, P < 0.05), less histopathological injury score (CMVG: 5 [1–16] > HFG: 1 [0–5] > CG: 0 [0–3]; P < 0.05), and lower lung oxidative stress than CMVG (CG: 59.4 ± 4.52 = HFG: 69.0 ± 4.99 > CMVG: 47.6 ± 2.58% protection/g protein, P < 0.05). This study showed that HFOV had an important protective role in ALI. It improved oxygenation, reduced inflammatory process and histopathological damage, and attenuated oxidative lung injury compared with protective CMV under these experimental conditions considering the study limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Fernando Ronchi
- Internal Medicine Department
- Jean Mayer USDA – Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Julio Defaveri
- Pathology Department, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu Medical School, 18618-970 Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Kyung-Jin Yeum
- Jean Mayer USDA – Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA
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Moretto de Oliveria MR, Cristiane da Silva C, Kurokawa CS, Teixeira Fortes CM, Campos Capela R, Santos Teixeira A, Carlos Dalmas J, Lederer Goldberg TB. Bone mineral density in healthy female adolescents according to age, bone age and pubertal breast stage. Open Orthop J 2011; 5:324-30. [PMID: 21966336 PMCID: PMC3178934 DOI: 10.2174/1874325001105010324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2011] [Revised: 07/11/2011] [Accepted: 07/12/2011] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: This study was designed to evaluate bone mineral density (BMD) in healthy female Brazilian adolescents in five groups looking at chronological age, bone age, and pubertal breast stage, and determining BMD behavior for each classification. Methods: Seventy-two healthy female adolescents aged between 10 to 20 incomplete years were divided into five groups and evaluated for calcium intake, weight, height, body mass index (BMI), pubertal breast stage, bone age, and BMD. Bone mass was measured by bone densitometry (DXA) in lumbar spine and proximal femur regions, and the total body. BMI was estimated by Quetelet index. Breast development was assessed by Tanner’s criteria and skeletal maturity by bone age. BMD comparison according to chronologic and bone age, and breast development were analyzed by Anova, with Scheffe’s test used to find significant differences between groups at P≤0.05. Results: BMD (g·cm-2) increased in all studied regions as age advanced, indicating differences from the ages of 13 to 14 years. This group differed to the 10 and 11 to 12 years old groups for lumbar spine BMD (0.865±0.127 vs 0.672±0.082 and 0.689±0.083, respectively) and in girls at pubertal development stage B3, lumbar spine BMD differed from B5 (0.709±0.073 vs 0.936±0.130) and whole body BMD differed from B4 and B5 (0.867±0.056 vs 0.977±0.086 and 1.040±0.080, respectively). Conclusion: Bone mineralization increased in the B3 breast maturity group, and the critical years for bone mass acquisition were between 13 and 14 years of age for all sites evaluated by densitometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Regina Moretto de Oliveria
- Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics Research Centre, Department of Pediatrics, Botucatu School of Medicine - UNESP, São Paulo State University, Brazil
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Ronchi CF, Ferreira ALDA, Campos FJ, Kurokawa CS, Carpi MF, Moraes MA, Bonatto RC, Defaveri J, Yeum K, Fioretto JR. Effects of high‐frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) and inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) against oxidative lung injury in a rabbit model of acute lung injury (ALI). FASEB J 2011. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.25.1_supplement.217.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Fernando Ronchi
- Carotenoids & Health LabJean Mayer USDA ‐ Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts UniversityBostonMA
- Internal Medicine
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Kyung‐Jin Yeum
- Carotenoids & Health LabJean Mayer USDA ‐ Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts UniversityBostonMA
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Ronchi CF, Fioretto JR, Kurokawa CS, Anjos Ferreira AL, Yeum K. Lymphocyte DNA damage correlates with DNA damage in lung tissue determined by single cell gel electrophoresis. FASEB J 2011. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.25.1_supplement.31.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Fernando Ronchi
- Carotenoids & Health LabJean Mayer USDA ‐ Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts UniversityBostonMA
- Internal MedicineBotucatu Medical School ‐ UNESPBotucatuBrazil
| | | | | | | | - Kyung‐Jin Yeum
- Carotenoids & Health LabJean Mayer USDA ‐ Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts UniversityBostonMA
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Ronchi CF, Fioretto JR, Ferreira ALDA, Campos FJ, Kurokawa CS, Carpi MF, Moraes MA, Bonatto RC, Defaveri J, Yeum K. High‐frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) associated with inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) attenuates oxidative lung injury in a saline‐lavaged rabbit model of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). FASEB J 2010. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.24.1_supplement.327.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Fernando Ronchi
- Jean Mayer USDA ‐ Human Nut Res Ctr on AgingTufts UnivBostonMA
- Botucatu Medical School, Sao PauloState Univ‐UNESPBotucatuBrazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Julio Defaveri
- Botucatu Medical School, Sao PauloState Univ‐UNESPBotucatuBrazil
| | - Kyung‐Jin Yeum
- Jean Mayer USDA ‐ Human Nut Res Ctr on AgingTufts UnivBostonMA
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Silva CC, Goldberg TBL, Capela RC, Kurokawa CS, Teixeira ADS, Dalmas JC, Cyrino ES. Respostas agudas pós-exercício dos níveis de lactato sanguíneo e creatinofosfoquinase de atletas adolescentes. REV BRAS MED ESPORTE 2007. [DOI: 10.1590/s1517-86922007000600005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
O crescente interesse de crianças e adolescentes por esportes competitivos induz a uma maior preocupação em prescrever treinamentos adequados a essa população específica. O conhecimento do impacto da intensidade de treinamento físico competitivo sobre a saúde de adolescentes são ainda incipientes na literatura científica. Este estudo objetivou investigar as respostas agudas do lactato sanguíneo (Lac) e da creatinofosfoquinase (CPK) após uma sessão de treinamento físico em atletas jovens treinados em diferentes modalidades esportivas. Participaram 43 adolescentes do sexo masculino entre 9 e 17 anos, distribuídos em três grupos: nadadores, tenistas, jogadores de futebol de salão. Os protocolos para cada modalidade seguiram o planejamento normal de uma sessão específica. A dieta no dia anterior à coleta foi padronizada e as 24 horas que precediam a avaliação foram dedicadas ao repouso dos atletas. Foram coletados 5ml de sangue da veia antecubital imediatamente antes da realização da sessão de treinamento, repetindo coleta idêntica, imediatamente após a sessão. Foi obtida a idade óssea para a avaliação da maturação esquelética pelo método de Greulich & Pyle. Análise de variância Kruskal-Wallis e teste U-de Mann-Whitney foram utilizados para comparações entre os grupos. Valores de p < 0,05 foram considerados significantes. Em todas as modalidades esportivas estudadas os valores prévios do Lac e da CPK foram inferiores aos valores pós-sessão. Com relação aos três grupos de faixas etárias, tanto para o Lac como para a CPK, os valores na pré-sessão foram inferiores aos obtidos na pós-sessão, assinalando que para o grupo de 9 aos 11 anos, tanto na situação pré como na pós, os valores foram inferiores aos observados nos grupos de idade superior. Os resultados indicaram que a magnitude de aumento da CPK e do Lac foram similares aos valores encontrados na literatura e demonstraram um aumento em função da faixa etária, indicando ser maturação biológica dependente.
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Parise-Fortes MR, Marques SA, Soares AMVC, Kurokawa CS, Marques MEA, Peracoli MTS. Cytokines released from blood monocytes and expressed in mucocutaneous lesions of patients with paracoccidioidomycosis evaluated before and during trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole treatment. Br J Dermatol 2006; 154:643-50. [PMID: 16536806 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2006.07161.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mucocutaneous lesions in paracoccidioidomycosis are granulomatous and result from tissue responses to Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, the aetiological agent. OBJECTIVES AND METHODS In this study we investigate the expression of tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interleukin (IL)-10 and transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1 by immunohistochemistry in skin and mucosa lesions from patients with the chronic form of paracoccidioidomycosis, evaluated before and at day 20 of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole treatment. Cytokine production by peripheral blood monocytes was also studied by enzyme immunoassay. RESULTS Intense immunostaining for TNF-alpha was detected in mononuclear cells that infiltrated granulomas in all skin and mucosa lesions before treatment simultaneously with low IL-10 granular deposits in these cells. At day 20 of treatment, there was reduced TNF-alpha and IL-10 deposition. Immunoreactive TGF-beta1 was observed diffusely in the dermis and generally in the cytoplasm of macrophages and giant cells, before treatment, and as increased TGF-beta1 deposits in the fibrosis area at day 20 of treatment. Peripheral blood monocytes from patients with paracoccidioidomycosis, evaluated before treatment, produced high endogenous levels of TNF-alpha, TGF-beta1 and IL-10 in relation to healthy controls. Lipopolysaccharide-stimulated monocytes from patients secreted lower levels of TNF-alpha in both periods of evaluation while no impairment in capacity of IL-10 and TGF-beta production was observed. CONCLUSIONS Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole therapy was effective in decreasing fungal load in the lesions, allowing patient immune response to control the infection leading to the healing of the lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Parise-Fortes
- Department of Dermatology and Radiotherapy, Medical School, UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
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Montelli TC, Peraçoli MT, Gabarra RC, Soares AM, Kurokawa CS. Familial cancer: depressed NK-cell cytotoxicity in healthy and cancer affected members. Arq Neuropsiquiatr 2001; 59:6-10. [PMID: 11299423 DOI: 10.1590/s0004-282x2001000100003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Depressed natural killer (NK) cell activity has been showed in family members of patients with different types of cancer. The present work aimed to evaluate T cell subsets and NK cell cytotoxic activity in 15 members of a family with high incidence of tumors, such as glioblastoma, gastric, pancreas and colon rectal carcinoma, chronic myelocitic leukemia, melanoma and osteoblastoma. As controls, 19 healthy subjects with the age range equivalent were studied. The enumeration of CD3+ lymphocytes and their CD4+ and CD8+ subsets were defined by monoclonal antibodies and NK cell cytotoxicity towards K562 target cells were evaluated by single cell-assay. The results showed in family members low percentage of total T cells (CD3+), and their CD4+ subset and impairment of CD4/CD8 ratio in relation to control group. All family members presented percentage of NK-target cell conjugate formation below the minimum value observed in control group. Thirteen people were examined and followed up during five years, in order to assure that there was no undiagnosed or unsuspected disease at the moment of evaluation. One of them developed osteoblastoma and other malignant melanoma. Two cancer patients, with glioblastoma and chronic myelocytic leukemia were studied during illness. All the corresponding values were comparable. The persistence of low percentage of conjugate formation may be related to a defect on adhesion molecules expression in the surface of NK cells that was probably responsible for the low activity of these cells presented by the family group. Thus, the inheritance mechanism of low adherence of NK cells should have a prognostic value in determining the risk of developing tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- T C Montelli
- Departamento de Neurologia e Psiquiatria, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brasil.
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Sugizaki MF, Peraçoli MT, Mendes-Giannini MJ, Soares AM, Kurokawa CS, Mendes RP, Marques SA, Freire-Maia DV. Correlation between antigenemia of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis and inhibiting effects of plasma in patients with paracoccidioidomycosis. Med Mycol 1999; 37:277-84. [PMID: 10421863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolites produced by pathogenic fungi may be involved in the pathogenesis of fungal infections consequently altering the defence mechanisms of the host. In this study the levels of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis antigens detected in the plasma of patients with paracoccidioidomycosis correlated with the suppression index detected by the low mitogenic response of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) to phytohaemaglutinin (PHA). This inhibitory effect on lymphoproliferation was observed in the plasma of 58% of the patients, suggesting the presence of inhibitory factors. Plasma samples from paracoccidioidomycosis patients having or not having inhibitory factors showed no significant effect on chromosomes of lymphocytes from healthy individuals. However, these plasmas had a suppressive activity on the blastogenic response of these lymphocytes stimulated with PHA, that was independent of a cytotoxic effect. P. brasiliensis antigens added to the proliferative response of PBMC from healthy individuals stimulated or not stimulated with PHA showed a dose-dependent suppressor effect, reproducing the inhibitory effect of patients' plasma. We suggest that the antigens of P. brasiliensis present in the plasma of patients, even at low concentrations, can play an important role in the reduction of the cellular immune response and in the genesis of the immunoregulatory disturbances observed in paracoccidioidomycosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M F Sugizaki
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biosciences, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
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Abstract
Pathogenic fungi that cause systemic mycoses retain several factors which allow their growth in adverse conditions provided by the host, leading to the establishment of the parasitic relationship and contributing to disease development. These factors are known as virulence factors which favor the infection process and the pathogenesis of the mycoses. The present study evaluates the virulence factors of pathogenic fungi such as Blastomyces dermatitidis, Coccidioides immitis, Cryptococcus neoformans, Histoplasma capsulatum and Paracoccidioides brasiliensis in terms of thermotolerance, dimorphism, capsule or cell wall components as well as enzyme production. Virulence factors favor fungal adhesion, colonization, dissemination and the ability to survive in hostile environments and elude the immune response mechanisms of the host. Both the virulence factors presented by different fungi and the defense mechanisms provided by the host require action and interaction of complex processes whose knowledge allows a better understanding of the pathogenesis of systemic mycoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- C S Kurokawa
- Departamento de Microbiologia e Imunologia, UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brasil
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