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Spring A, Gillespie BJ, Mulder CH. Internal migration following adverse life events: Assessing the likelihood of return migration and migration toward family. Popul Space Place 2024; 30:e2711. [PMID: 38699176 PMCID: PMC11065435 DOI: 10.1002/psp.2711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
There are well-documented associations between life course changes and migration; yet, the occurrence, order, and timing of reasons for migrating are growing increasingly diverse. Migration following adverse life events, such as a divorce or an involuntary job loss, may be qualitatively distinct from migration undertaken for other reasons. Moves, especially long-distance moves, following adverse life events, may be defined more by seeking family and familiar locations. Moreover, a heightened probability of migration may occur not only immediately after an adverse life event but also in the years after. We explore these questions in the US context with longitudinal data from the 1983 to 2019 waves of the Panel Study of Income Dynamics, which provides information on residential locations, locations of family members, and adverse life events for individuals over time. We focus on five specific events: divorce, the death of a spouse, involuntary job loss, the onset of a chronic physical health condition, and the onset of a chronic mental health condition. Using multivariate regression, we find that divorce and job loss induce long-distance moves, especially return moves and moves towards family. Chronic physical conditions deter moving in general but increase the chances of return moves (after a period of time) and moves towards family. These results have implications for understanding migration as a response to adverse life events, both immediately and over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Spring
- Department of Sociology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Brian Joseph Gillespie
- Population Research Centre, Faculty of Spatial Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Clara H. Mulder
- Population Research Centre, Faculty of Spatial Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Thomassen JAK, Palomares-Linares I, Venhorst VA, Mulder CH. Local Ties as Self-Reported Constraints to Internal Migration in Spain. Eur J Popul 2023; 39:16. [PMID: 37165113 PMCID: PMC10171167 DOI: 10.1007/s10680-023-09661-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The internal migration literature has identified various factors that deter migration and encourage staying, but has been less concerned with people's own reports about what makes it difficult for them to migrate or makes them want to stay. We explore factors that make it difficult to change the place of residence-from here on denoted as constraints-reported in the Spanish survey on Attitudes and Expectations of Spatial Mobility in the Labour Force (N = 3892). These constraints were uniquely asked from all respondents through an open-ended question, regardless of their migration intentions. We find that many self-reported constraints correspond to factors that have previously been associated with decreased migration propensities. In order of frequency, respondents reported ties to family and friends, ties to their residential environment, financial limitations, and ties to work as constraints to migration. Our results further show that the likelihood of mentioning ties to family and friends as constraints decreased with age, was higher for women than for men and for people who lived close to most of their social network than for those who did not. Mentioning ties to the residential environment as constraints was positively associated with being partnered, and also with living in one's birthplace. People who were unemployed were less likely to mention ties to work and were more likely to report financial limitations as constraints than people who had a permanent contract-whereas being self-employed was positively associated with mentioning ties to the residential environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonne A K Thomassen
- Population Research Centre, Faculty of Spatial Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Isabel Palomares-Linares
- Population Research Centre, Faculty of Spatial Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Viktor A Venhorst
- Population Research Centre, Faculty of Spatial Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Clara H Mulder
- Population Research Centre, Faculty of Spatial Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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van der Wiel R, Kooiman N, Mulder CH. Family Complexity and Parents' Migration: The Role of Repartnering and Distance to Non-Resident Children. Eur J Popul 2021; 37:877-907. [PMID: 34786001 PMCID: PMC8575730 DOI: 10.1007/s10680-021-09594-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Recent research suggests that the increasing complexity of family life could be a factor in declines in internal migration (long-distance moves within countries). As many separated parents continue to share childcare responsibilities or have visiting arrangements, their mobility is naturally constrained. However, the relationship between family complexity and individual migration behaviour has never been studied explicitly. We compare separated parents with parents in two-parent families in their likelihood of migrating within the Netherlands. We use detailed records of parents' partnership status and children's residential situation. An event-history analysis was performed using register-based population data (N = 442,412). We find that separated, single parents are more likely to migrate than those in two-parent families. The same is true for repartnered mothers, while repartnered fathers are about as likely to migrate as fathers in two-parent families. Separated parents' migration behaviour depends on where their children live. Having non-resident children who live some distance away is associated with a much higher likelihood of migrating than having resident children or non-resident children who live nearby. Having both resident and non-resident children who live nearby-shared residence (i.e. joint physical custody) is likely common in this situation-is associated with a considerably lower likelihood of migrating than having resident children only. Based on our findings, one would expect family complexities stemming from parental separation to be associated with higher rather than lower levels of migration. However, potential future increases in the number of parents who share physical custody after separation might lead to lower migration levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roselinde van der Wiel
- Faculty of Spatial Sciences, Population Research Centre, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Clara H. Mulder
- Faculty of Spatial Sciences, Population Research Centre, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Gillespie BJ, Mulder CH, Eggleston CM. Measuring migration motives with open-ended survey data: Methodological and conceptual issues. Popul Space Place 2021; 27:e2448. [PMID: 34594163 PMCID: PMC8459254 DOI: 10.1002/psp.2448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Motives for migration are difficult to measure. Open-ended data collection can be an attractive option, but also comes with pitfalls. We use the "Motives for Migration" survey on internal migration in Sweden to identify some of these pitfalls. We identify five categories of methodological issues: how the respondents-and we-dealt with multiple motives for migration; who the motive pertained to (i.e., the respondents themselves or someone else in the household); whether the motive was related to a status or an event; which third-party person(s) the respondent meant to refer to; and which geographical unit the motive pertained to. We also identify two conceptual issues: (1) the distinction between reasons for moving and location choice and (2) the distinction between moving "from" and moving "to" somewhere. We present some suggestions that will be useful for future attempts to study the topic and possibly such other topics as motives for immigration, getting married, or leaving the parental home.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Joseph Gillespie
- Population Research Centre, Faculty of Spatial SciencesUniversity of GroningenGroningenNetherlands
| | - Clara H. Mulder
- Population Research Centre, Faculty of Spatial SciencesUniversity of GroningenGroningenNetherlands
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Spring A, Mulder CH, Thomas MJ, Cooke TJ. Migration after union dissolution in the United States: The role of non-resident family. Soc Sci Res 2021; 96:102539. [PMID: 33867010 PMCID: PMC9552123 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2021.102539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Separation from a spouse or cohabiting partner is associated with a high likelihood of moving, even over long distances. In this paper, we use longitudinal data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics for the United States to analyze the role of non-resident family in the migration of separated people immediately after and in the years following union dissolution. We explore both migration in general and return migration among separated people, drawing comparisons to married and never-married people. We find that having parents, children, or siblings living close by substantially deters migration, especially among separated people. We also find marked positive effects of having family members in the county where the respondent grew up on the likelihood of returning there. Separated people are especially likely to return, compared to others, if they have parents in their county of origin. Furthermore, a lack of an effect of years of education on migration, and a negative effect of this variable on return migration, suggest that migration after separation is less related to human-capital considerations than other types of migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Spring
- Department of Sociology, Georgia State University, 38 Peachtree Center Ave. SE, Atlanta, GA, 30302-5020, United States.
| | - Clara H Mulder
- Population Research Centre, Faculty of Spatial Sciences, University of Groningen, PO Box 800, 9700 AV Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Michael J Thomas
- Population Research Centre, Faculty of Spatial Sciences, University of Groningen, PO Box 800, 9700 AV Groningen, the Netherlands; Statistics Norway, Akersveien 26, 0177 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Thomas J Cooke
- Department of Geography, University of Connecticut, 215 Glenbrook Road, U-4148, Storrs, CT 06269, 4148, United States.
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Mulder CH, Lundholm E, Malmberg G. Young adults' return migration from large cities in Sweden: The role of siblings and parents. Popul Space Place 2020; 26:e2354. [PMID: 33935603 PMCID: PMC8072411 DOI: 10.1002/psp.2354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Living in cities affects young adults' access to education and work. With the use of register data for 2000-2013, we examined the role of having siblings and parents living close by and having siblings and parents living in the area of origin, in young adults' return migration from the four largest cities in Sweden. We found that young adults were less likely to return, and also less likely to migrate elsewhere, if they had siblings or parents living in the city of residence than if this was not the case. If the parents no longer lived in the region of origin, the young adults were very unlikely to return. Young adults were more likely to return if they had siblings living in that region than if they had no siblings or the siblings lived elsewhere. Adverse circumstances such as dropping out of tertiary education, low income, and unemployment were associated with a greater likelihood of return migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara H. Mulder
- Population Research Centre, Faculty of Spatial SciencesUniversity of GroningenGroningenNetherlands
| | - Emma Lundholm
- Centre for Demographic and Aging Research and Department of GeographyUmeå UniversityUmeåSweden
| | - Gunnar Malmberg
- Centre for Demographic and Aging Research and Department of GeographyUmeå UniversityUmeåSweden
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Settersten RA, Bernardi L, Härkönen J, Antonucci TC, Dykstra PA, Heckhausen J, Kuh D, Mayer KU, Moen P, Mortimer JT, Mulder CH, Smeeding TM, van der Lippe T, Hagestad GO, Kohli M, Levy R, Schoon I, Thomson E. Understanding the effects of Covid-19 through a life course lens. Adv Life Course Res 2020; 45:100360. [PMID: 36698274 PMCID: PMC7375263 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcr.2020.100360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The Covid-19 pandemic is shaking fundamental assumptions about the human life course in societies around the world. In this essay, we draw on our collective expertise to illustrate how a life course perspective can make critical contributions to understanding the pandemic's effects on individuals, families, and populations. We explore the pandemic's implications for the organization and experience of life transitions and trajectories within and across central domains: health, personal control and planning, social relationships and family, education, work and careers, and migration and mobility. We consider both the life course implications of being infected by the Covid-19 virus or attached to someone who has; and being affected by the pandemic's social, economic, cultural, and psychological consequences. It is our goal to offer some programmatic observations on which life course research and policies can build as the pandemic's short- and long-term consequences unfold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard A Settersten
- Human Development and Family Sciences, College of Public Health and Health Sciences, Oregon State University, 433 Waldo Hall, Corvallis, OR, 97331-1946, USA.
| | - Laura Bernardi
- LIVES Center, University of Lausanne, Geopolis, Quartier Mouline, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland.
| | - Juho Härkönen
- Department of Political and Social Sciences, European University Institute, and Department of Sociology, Stockholm University, EUI, Via dei Roccettini 9, 50014, San Domenico di Fiesole, Florence, Italy.
| | - Toni C Antonucci
- Institute for Social Research and Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, 426 Thompson Street, Ann Arbor, MI, 48104, USA.
| | - Pearl A Dykstra
- Department of Public Administration & Sociology, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Burgemeester Oudlaan 50, 3062 PA, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Jutta Heckhausen
- Department of Psychological Science, University of California, Irvine, 4201 Social and Behavioral Sciences Gateway, Irvine, CA, 92697-7085, USA.
| | - Diana Kuh
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing, University College London, United Kingdom.
| | - Karl Ulrich Mayer
- Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Lentzeallee 94, 4 169, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Phyllis Moen
- Life Course Center, University of Minnesota, 1123 Social Science Building, 267 19th Avenue South, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
| | - Jeylan T Mortimer
- Sociology, College of Liberal Arts, University of Minnesota, 909 Social Sciences Building, 267 19th Avenue South, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
| | - Clara H Mulder
- Population Research Centre, Faculty of Spatial Sciences, University of Groningen, Landleven 1, 9747 AD, Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Timothy M Smeeding
- LaFollette School of Public Affairs, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 3464 SSSB, 1180 Observatory Drive, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
| | - Tanja van der Lippe
- Department of Sociology, Utrecht University, Padualaan 14, 3584 CH, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - Gunhild O Hagestad
- Agder University, Kristiansand, Norway and Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
| | - Martin Kohli
- Department of Social and Political Sciences, European University Institute (EUI), Via dei Roccettini 9, I-50014, San Domenico di Fiesole, Italy.
| | - René Levy
- University of Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Ingrid Schoon
- UCL Institute of Education, University College London, 55-59, Gordon Square, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Elizabeth Thomson
- Demography Unit/Department of Sociology, Stockholm University and Center for Demography and Ecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Abstract
Using information on stated motives for migrating among working-age individuals in the 2007 Swedish Motives for Migration survey (N = 1,852), we use multinomial logistic regression to examine whether and how moves for family reasons are linked to labour market outcomes in ways that differ from migration initiated for other motives, including more overtly labour-related factors. The results indicate that family-based migration is associated with worse labour market outcomes than migration for employment or other reasons. Additionally, family-motivated migrants with co-resident children are more likely to experience labour market deterioration than those without children. Among those who were unemployed before moving, those who reported family as a motive for moving were significantly more likely to be employed after the move. These results help us better assess how families and social networks impact economic outcomes-negatively in some circumstances and positively in others.
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Thomas MJ, Mulder CH, Cooke TJ. Geographical Distances Between Separated Parents: A Longitudinal Analysis. Eur J Popul 2018; 34:463-489. [PMID: 30310246 PMCID: PMC6153513 DOI: 10.1007/s10680-017-9437-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Using detailed geocoded microdata from the British Household Panel Survey and longitudinal random-effects models, we analyse the determinants and trajectories of geographical distances between separated parents. Findings of particular note include the following: (1) post-separation linked lives, proximities and spatial constraints are characterised by important gender asymmetries; (2) the formation of new post-separation family ties (i.e. new partners and children) by fathers is linked to moves over longer distances away from the ex-partner than for mothers; (3) the distribution of pre-separation childcare responsibilities is relevant for determining post-separation proximity between parents; and (4) most variation in the distance between ex-partners occurs in the immediate period following separation (approximately the first year), suggesting that the initial conditions around separation can have long-lasting implications for the types of family life, ties and contact experienced in the years after separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Thomas
- 1Population Research Centre, Faculty of Spatial Sciences, University of Groningen, P.O. Box 800, 9700 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Clara H Mulder
- 1Population Research Centre, Faculty of Spatial Sciences, University of Groningen, P.O. Box 800, 9700 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas J Cooke
- 2Department of Geography, University of Connecticut, 215 Glenbrook Road, U-4148, Storrs, CT USA
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Reus-Pons M, Mulder CH, Kibele EUB, Janssen F. Differences in the health transition patterns of migrants and non-migrants aged 50 and older in southern and western Europe (2004-2015). BMC Med 2018; 16:57. [PMID: 29681241 PMCID: PMC5911969 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-018-1044-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most previous research on migrant health in Europe has taken a cross-sectional perspective, without a specific focus on the older population. Having knowledge about inequalities in health transitions over the life course between migrants and non-migrants, including at older ages, is crucial for the tailoring of policies to the demands of an ageing and culturally diverse society. We analyse differences in health transitions between migrants and non-migrants, specifically focusing on the older population in Europe. METHODS We used longitudinal data on migrants and non-migrants aged 50 and older in 10 southern and western European countries from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (2004-2015). We applied multinomial logistic regression models of experiencing health deterioration among individuals in good health at baseline, and of experiencing health improvement among individuals in poor health at baseline, separately by sex, in which migrant status (non-migrant, western migrant, non-western migrant) was the main explanatory variable. We considered three dimensions of health, namely self-rated health, depression and diabetes. RESULTS At older ages, migrants in Europe were at higher risk than non-migrants of experiencing a deterioration in health relative to remaining in a given state of self-rated health. Western migrants had a higher risk than non-migrants of becoming depressed, while non-western migrants had a higher risk of acquiring diabetes. Among females only, migrants also tended to be at lower risk than non-migrants of experiencing an improvement in both overall and mental health. Differences in the health transition patterns of older migrants and non-migrants remained robust to the inclusion of several covariates, including education, job status and health-related behaviours. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that, in addition to having a health disadvantage at baseline, older migrants in Europe were more likely than older non-migrants to have experienced a deterioration in health over the study period. These results raise concerns about whether migrants in Europe are as likely as non-migrants to age in good health. We recommend that policies aiming to promote healthy ageing specifically address the health needs of the migrant population, thereby distinguishing migrants from different backgrounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matias Reus-Pons
- Population Research Centre, Faculty of Spatial Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Interface Demography, Department of Sociology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Clara H. Mulder
- Population Research Centre, Faculty of Spatial Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Fanny Janssen
- Population Research Centre, Faculty of Spatial Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Interdisciplinary Demographic Institute, The Hague, The Netherlands
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van der Pers M, Kibele EUB, Mulder CH. Health and Its Relationship with Residential Relocations of Older People to Institutions versus to Independent Dwellings. J Popul Ageing 2017; 11:329-347. [PMID: 30524517 PMCID: PMC6244923 DOI: 10.1007/s12062-017-9187-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Research into older people’s relocations to independent dwellings has largely remained separate from research into moves to institutions. Yet, both types of moves could be a response to health problems and to a certain extent they could be substitutes for each other. Using Litwak and Longino’s model of moves of older people, this study assesses the extent to which three commonly used health measures (limitations in activities of daily living [ADL], self-rated health, and the prevalence of [limiting] chronic conditions) predict older people’s moves to subsidized care institutions and elsewhere, in one multinomial logistic regression model. The data were derived from the POLS survey for the Netherlands (N = 8306) enriched with administrative data on subsequent moves. In line with Litwak and Longino’s model, the findings indicate that older people’s moves to institutions were more likely among those with more severe health problems, whereas moves elsewhere were more likely among those with moderate health problems. Among the three investigated health measures, limitations in ADL had the strongest predictive value, and was the only one for which the difference in effect between relocations to care institutions and relocations elsewhere was statistically significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marieke van der Pers
- 1Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Clara H Mulder
- 3Faculty of Spatial Sciences, Population Research Centre, University of Groningen, PO Box 800, 9700 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
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Abstract
Zusammenfassung
In Deutschland wollen viele im Wohneigentum leben, doch die Wohneigentumsquote der Haushalte ist mit etwa 40% niedrig. Die Studie beschäftigt sich mit der Frage, in welcher Weise die Familiengründung sowie die sozioökonomischen Ressourcen, über die Individuen verfügen, den Übergang ins Wohneigentum beeinflussen. Die empirische Analyse basiert auf einer repräsentativen Stichprobe retrospektiv erhobener Lebensverlaufsdaten westdeutscher Geburtsjahrgänge von 1919 bis 1961. Der Übergang ins Wohneigentum vollzieht sich innerhalb einer breiten Altersspanne zwischen dem 20. und 50. Lebensjahr. Die Mitglieder der Geburtsjahrgänge 1930 und 1940 verwirklichten den Übergang ins Wohneigentum zwar rascher als die älteren Geburtsjahrgänge, doch bei den jüngeren Geburtsjahrgängen hat sich dieser Prozeß nicht mehr beschleunigt. Der Hausbesitz der Eltern erleichtert den Kindern, selbst Wohneigentümer zu werden. Ferner ist der Wechsel ins Wohneigentum eng mit der Heirat, dem Bildungsniveau, der Erwerbsdauer sowie dem Urbanisierungsgrad assoziiert.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Wagner
- Forschungsinstitut für Soziologie, Universität zu Köln, Greinstr. 2, D-50939 Köln
| | - Clara H. Mulder
- Urban Research Center, Utrecht University, PO Box 80115, NL-3508 TC Utrecht
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Abstract
This article aims to contribute to the discussion of how adult children affect the well-being of their older parents by investigating the importance of living in close geographic proximity. We investigate whether having children at all, and/or having them geographically proximate, contributes differently to the well-being of older persons living with and without a partner. We enriched survey data for the Netherlands ( N = 8,379) with municipal register data and regressed life satisfaction of persons aged 65+ on having children and three different measures of geographic proximity. Having children contributes to the well-being of older men with a partner. There is evidence for a positive association between proximity of children and parental well-being, in particular for widowed and separated mothers and for separated fathers. Our findings suggest that close proximity may be a condition under which adult children can significantly add to the well-being of widowed and separated mothers and separated fathers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marieke van der Pers
- Faculty of Spatial Sciences, Population Research Centre, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Clara H. Mulder
- Faculty of Spatial Sciences, Population Research Centre, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Nardi Steverink
- Faculty of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Sociology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Health Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Sociology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Abstract
The dynamics of leaving home for youth from migrant families in the Netherlands are examined using individual administrative data on the 1977 and 1983 birth cohorts for the period 1999–2004. A competing-risks approach is applied to distinguish leaving home for union formation, to live independently, and to share with others. Migrant youth, and particularly Turkish and Moroccan youth, leave home at a significantly younger age than Dutch youth, given the relevant background variables. This is remarkable, given the older ages at which young people in the origin countries leave the parental home. The result may be seen as evidence of how the potential effects of cultural norms are counter-affected by other factors, such as the facilities of the welfare state and the awkward position of migrant youth between two cultures. Considering the pathways out of home, the analysis largely confirms the expected pattern: Turkish and Moroccan youth leave home more often for union formation and particularly marriage, while this pathway is of minor importance for Dutch youth at early ages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aslan Zorlu
- Department of Geography, Planning and International Development Studies, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Clara H. Mulder
- Department of Geography, Planning and International Development Studies, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Abstract
This paper examines the effect of migration and residential mobility on union dissolution among married and cohabiting couples. Moving is a stressful life event, and a large, multidisciplinary literature has shown that family migration often benefits one partner (usually the man) more than the other Even so, no study to date has examined the possible impact of within-nation geographical mobility on union dissolution. We base our longitudinal analysis on retrospective event-history data from Austria. Our results show that couples who move frequently have a significantly higher risk of union dissolution, and we suggest a variety of mechanisms that may explain this.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul J Boyle
- School of Geography and Geosciences, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, KY16 9AL, United Kingdom.
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Mulder CH, Clark WAV, Wagner M. Resources, Living Arrangements and First Union Formation in the United States, the Netherlands and West Germany. Eur J Population 2006. [DOI: 10.1007/s10680-005-4768-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Abstract
"On the basis of a West German sample of residence histories that is representative of three birth cohorts, of which the one born in 1939-41 is analysed, log-linear techniques were applied to separate the effects of being married, and of getting married, on migration rates. Results show that the dependence of short and long distance moves on age substantially [diminishes] if marriage is considered as a synchronization variable. Moreover, the common finding that married persons move less than the unmarried is reversed at short distances if marriage is taken into account as an event which influences the probability of another (event dependence)." (SUMMARY IN FRE)
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Mulder CH. Analysing home-ownership of couples: The effect of selecting couples at the time of the survey. Eur J Population 1996; 12:261-78. [PMID: 12292341 DOI: 10.1007/bf01797112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
"The analysis of events encountered by couple and family households may suffer from sample selection bias when data are restricted to couples existing at the moment of interview. The paper discusses the effect of sample selection bias on event history analyses of buying a home [in the Netherlands] by comparing analyses performed on a sample of existing couples with analyses of a more complete sample including past as well as current partner relationships. The results show that, although home-buying in relationships that have ended differs clearly from behaviour in existing relationships, sample selection bias is not alarmingly large." (SUMMARY IN FRE)
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