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Akabari R, Qin D, Hussaini M. Technological Advances: CEBPA and FLT3 Internal Tandem Duplication Mutations Can be Reliably Detected by Next Generation Sequencing. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13040630. [PMID: 35456436 PMCID: PMC9028339 DOI: 10.3390/genes13040630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The detection of CEBPA and FLT3 mutations by next generation sequencing (NGS) is challenging due to high GC content and Internal Tandem Duplications (ITDs). Recent advances have been made to surmount these challenges. In this study, we compare three commercial kits and evaluate the performance of these more advanced hybrid-capture and AMP-chemistry based methods. METHODS Amplicon-based TSM 54-Gene Panel (Illumina) was evaluated against hybridization-capture SOPHiA Genetics MSP, OGT SureSeq, and AMP chemistry-based VariantPlex (Archer) for wet-lab workflow and data-analysis pipelines. Standard kit directions and commercial analysis pipelines were followed. Seven CEBPA and 10 FLT3-positive cases were identified that previously were missed on an amplicon NGS assay. The average reads, coverage uniformity, and the detection of CEBPA or FLT3 mutations were compared. RESULTS All three panels detected all 10 CEBPA mutations and all 10 FLT3 ITDs with 100% sensitivity. In addition, there was high concordance (100%) between all three panels detecting 47/47 confirmed variants in a set of core myeloid genes. CONCLUSIONS The results show that the NGS assays are now able to reliably detect CEBPA mutations and FLT3 ITDs. These assays may allow foregoing additional orthogonal testing for CEBPA and FLT3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ratilal Akabari
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Oncology and Genetics Diagnostics, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA;
| | - Dahui Qin
- Department of Pathology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, USA;
| | - Mohammad Hussaini
- Department of Pathology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, USA;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-813-745-6118
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2
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Shelton DN, Bhagavatula P, Sepulveda N, Beppu L, Gandhi S, Qin D, Hauenstein S, Radich J. Performance characteristics of the first Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-cleared digital droplet PCR (ddPCR) assay for BCR::ABL1 monitoring in chronic myelogenous leukemia. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0265278. [PMID: 35298544 PMCID: PMC8929598 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0265278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) is a hematopoietic stem cell malignancy that accounts for 15-20% of all cases of leukemia. CML is caused by a translocation between chromosomes 9 and 22 which creates an abnormal fusion gene, BCR::ABL1. The amount of BCR::ABL1 transcript RNA is a marker of disease progression and the effectiveness of tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) treatment. This study determined the analytical and clinical performance of a droplet digital PCR based assay (QXDx BCR-ABL %IS Kit; Bio-Rad) for BCR::ABL1 quantification. The test has a limit of detection of MR4.7 (0.002%) and a linear range of MR0.3-4.7 (50-0.002%IS). Reproducibility of results across multiple sites, days, instruments, and users was evaluated using panels made from BCR::ABL1 positive patient samples. Clinical performance of the assay was evaluated on patient samples and compared to an existing FDA-cleared test. The reproducibility study noted negligible contributions to variance from site, instrument, day, and user for samples spanning from MR 0.7-4.2. The assay demonstrated excellent clinical correlation with the comparator test using a Deming regression with a Pearson R of 0.99, slope of 1.037 and intercept of 0.1084. This data establishes that the QXDx™ BCR-ABL %IS Kit is an accurate, precise, and sensitive system for the diagnosis and monitoring of CML.
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MESH Headings
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/genetics
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/diagnosis
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics
- Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/therapeutic use
- Reproducibility of Results
- United States
- United States Food and Drug Administration
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawne N. Shelton
- Digital Biology Group, Bio-Rad Laboratories, Pleasanton, California, United States of America
| | - Prasanthi Bhagavatula
- Digital Biology Group, Bio-Rad Laboratories, Pleasanton, California, United States of America
| | - Nathan Sepulveda
- Digital Biology Group, Bio-Rad Laboratories, Pleasanton, California, United States of America
| | - Lan Beppu
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Shital Gandhi
- Department of Pathology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Dahui Qin
- Department of Pathology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Scott Hauenstein
- Digital Biology Group, Bio-Rad Laboratories, Pleasanton, California, United States of America
| | - Jerald Radich
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
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3
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Zhao Z, Qin D, Zhao W. Asymptomatic cement leakage into inferior vena cava. QJM 2022; 115:49-50. [PMID: 34791451 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcab285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Abstract
In the era of personalized medicine, information on molecular change at the gene level is important for patient care. Such information has been used for disease classification, diagnosis, prognosis, risk stratification, and treatment, which is especially important in cancer patient care. Many molecular tests exist and can be used to detect the molecular changes at gene level. These tests include, but are not limited to, karyotyping, endpoint polymerase chain reaction (PCR), real-time PCR, Sanger sequencing, pyrosequencing, next-generation sequencing, and so forth. How to use the right tests for the right patients at the right time is essential for optimal patient outcome. This review puts together some information on molecular testing for acute myeloid leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dahui Qin
- Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612-9416, USA
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5
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Gong Q, Xiang Y, Zhang J, Wang R, Qin D. Influence of elemental sulphur on the corrosion mechanism of X80 steel in supercritical CO2-saturated aqueous phase environment. J Supercrit Fluids 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2021.105320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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6
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Boyle TA, Mondal AK, Saeed-Vafa D, Ananth S, Ahluwalia P, Kothapalli R, Chaubey A, Roberts E, Qin D, Magliocco AM, Rojiani AM, Kolhe R. Guideline-Adherent Clinical Validation of a Comprehensive 170-Gene DNA/RNA Panel for Determination of Small Variants, Copy Number Variations, Splice Variants, and Fusions on a Next-Generation Sequencing Platform in the CLIA Setting. Front Genet 2021; 12:503830. [PMID: 34093633 PMCID: PMC8172991 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.503830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe the clinical validation of a targeted DNA and RNA-based next-generation sequencing (NGS) assay at two clinical molecular diagnostic laboratories. This assay employs simultaneous DNA and RNA analysis of all coding exons to detect small variants (single-nucleotide variants, insertions, and deletions) in 148 genes, amplifications in 59 genes, and fusions and splice variants in 55 genes. During independent validations at two sites, 234 individual specimens were tested, including clinical formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tumor specimens, reference material, and cell lines. Samples were prepared using the Illumina TruSight Tumor 170 (TST170) kit, sequenced with Illumina sequencers, and the data were analyzed using the TST170 App. At both sites, TST170 had ≥98% success for ≥250× depth for ≥95% of covered positions. Variant calling was accurate and reproducible at allele frequencies ≥5%. Limit of detection studies determined that inputs of ≥50 ng of DNA (with ≥3.3 ng/μl) and ≥50 ng RNA (minimum of 7 copies/ng) were optimal for high analytical sensitivity. The TST170 assay results were highly concordant with prior results using different methods across all variant categories. Optimization of nucleic acid extraction and DNA shearing, and quality control following library preparation is recommended to maximize assay success rates. In summary, we describe the validation of comprehensive and simultaneous DNA and RNA-based NGS testing using TST170 at two clinical sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa A Boyle
- Department of Pathology and Thoracic Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Ashis K Mondal
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Daryoush Saeed-Vafa
- Department of Pathology and Thoracic Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Sudha Ananth
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Pankaj Ahluwalia
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Ravi Kothapalli
- Department of Pathology and Thoracic Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Alka Chaubey
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Evans Roberts
- Department of Pathology and Thoracic Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Dahui Qin
- Department of Pathology and Thoracic Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Anthony M Magliocco
- Department of Pathology and Thoracic Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Amyn M Rojiani
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Ravindra Kolhe
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
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Siegel E, Rosa M, Khakpour N, Qin D, Jameel Z. Erroneous diagnosis of primary fibrosarcoma of the breast: The value of the multidisciplinary breast team approach. Breast J 2021; 27:472-474. [PMID: 33619764 DOI: 10.1111/tbj.14201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Diagnostic errors occur in the preanalytic, analytic, and postanalytic phases of specimen processing. Correlating clinical and imaging information with gross and microscopic findings is crucial to limit errors and unnecessary treatment. Herein, we report the case of a 54-year-old woman who presented with left breast bloody nipple discharge and subsequently underwent central duct excision. Pathology revealed a high-grade sarcoma. The patient presented to our institution for further management. Upon secondary pathology review and DNA fingerprinting analysis, the correct interpretation was rendered. Our case demonstrates the importance of clinical correlation and review of pathology slides prior to definitive therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Siegel
- Department of Breast Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Marilin Rosa
- Department of Pathology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Nazanin Khakpour
- Department of Breast Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Dahui Qin
- Department of Pathology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Zena Jameel
- Department of Pathology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
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Abstract
The objectives of this study were to assess the reporting quality and methodological quality of split-mouth trials (SMTs) published during the past 2 decades and to determine whether there has been an improvement in their quality over time. We searched the MEDLINE database via PubMed to identify SMTs published in 1998, 2008, and 2018. For each included SMT, we used the CONsolidated Standards Of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) 2010 guideline, CONSORT for within-person trial (WPT) extension, and a new 3-item checklist to assess its trial reporting quality (TRQ), WPT-specific reporting quality (WRQ), and SMT-specific methodological quality (SMQ), respectively. Multivariable generalized linear models were performed to analyze the quality of SMTs over time, adjusting for potential confounding factors. A total of 119 SMTs were included. The mean overall score for the TRQ (score range, 0 to 32), WRQ (0 to 15), and SMQ (0 to 3) was 15.77 (SD 4.51), 6.06 (2.06), and 1.12 (0.70), respectively. The primary outcome was clearly defined in only 28 SMTs (23.5%), and only 27 (22.7%) presented a replicable sample size calculation. Only 45 SMTs (37.8%) provided the rationale for using a split-mouth design. The correlation between body sites was reported in only 5 studies (4.2%) for sample size calculation and 4 studies (3.4%) for statistical results. Only 2 studies (1.7%) performed an appropriate sample size calculation, and 46 (38.7%) chose appropriate statistical methods, both accounting for the correlation among treatment groups and the clustering/multiplicity of measurements within an individual. Results of regression analyses suggested that the TRQ of SMTs improved significantly with time ( P < 0.001), while there was no evidence of improvement in WRQ or SMQ. Both the reporting quality and methodological quality of SMTs still have much room for improvement. Concerted efforts are needed to improve the execution and reporting of SMTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Qin
- Hubei-MOST KLOS & KLOBM, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - F. Hua
- Center for Evidence-Based Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cochrane Oral Health, Division of Dentistry, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - H. He
- Hubei-MOST KLOS & KLOBM, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - S. Liang
- Hubei-MOST KLOS & KLOBM, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - H. Worthington
- Cochrane Oral Health, Division of Dentistry, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - T. Walsh
- Cochrane Oral Health, Division of Dentistry, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
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9
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Song J, Hussaini M, Qin D, Zhang X, Shao H, Zhang L, Gajzer D, Basra P, Moscinski L, Zhang H. Comparison of SF3B1/DNMT3A Comutations With DNMT3A or SF3B1 Mutation Alone in Myelodysplastic Syndrome and Clonal Cytopenia of Undetermined Significance. Am J Clin Pathol 2020; 154:48-56. [PMID: 32112088 DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/aqaa016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare the clinical significance of SF3B1/DNMT3A Comutations with SF3B1 or DNMT3A mutation alone in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and clonal cytopenia of undetermined significance (CCUS). METHODS We identified and compared 31 patients with only DNMT3A mutation, 48 patients with only SF3B1 mutation, and 16 patients with only SF3B1/DNMT3A comutations. RESULTS SF3B1/DNMT3A comutations were found to be more common in MDS, whereas DNMT3A mutation alone was more common in CCUS. The patients with SF3B1/DNMT3A comutations were less likely to have poor cytogenetics than patients with DNMT3A mutation alone. Patients with SF3B1/DNMT3A comutations showed significantly longer median survival time and better overall survival than patients with DNMT3A mutation alone. CONCLUSIONS Patients with SF3B1/DNMT3A comutations appear to have better clinical outcomes than patients with isolated DNMT3A mutation. These findings suggest that the favorable prognosis of SF3B1 mutation in is not abrogated by the concurrent presence of a DNMT3A mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinming Song
- Department of Hematopathology and Lab Medicine, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL
| | - Mohammad Hussaini
- Department of Hematopathology and Lab Medicine, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL
| | - Dahui Qin
- Department of Hematopathology and Lab Medicine, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL
| | - Xiaohui Zhang
- Department of Hematopathology and Lab Medicine, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL
| | - Haipeng Shao
- Department of Hematopathology and Lab Medicine, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Hematopathology and Lab Medicine, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL
| | - David Gajzer
- Department of Hematopathology and Lab Medicine, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL
| | - Pukhraz Basra
- Department of Hematopathology and Lab Medicine, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL
| | - Lynn Moscinski
- Department of Hematopathology and Lab Medicine, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL
| | - Hailing Zhang
- Department of Hematopathology and Lab Medicine, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL
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10
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Nguyen L, Zhang X, Roberts E, Yun S, McGraw K, Abraham I, Song J, Braswell D, Qin D, Sallman DA, Lancet JE, List AF, Moscinski LC, Padron E, Zhang L. Comparison of mutational profiles and clinical outcomes in patients with acute myeloid leukemia with mutated RUNX1 versus acute myeloid leukemia with myelodysplasia-related changes with mutated RUNX1. Leuk Lymphoma 2020; 61:1395-1405. [PMID: 32091281 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2020.1723016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Studies comparing the prognostic role of RUNX1 mutations (RUNX1mut) in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and acute myeloid leukemia-with myelodysplasia-related changes (AML-MRC) are limited. Our study examines the genetic profile of 118 RUNX1mut AML patients including 57 AML with RUNX1mut and 61 AML-MRC with RUNX1mut and 100 AML, NOS patients with wild type RUNX1 (RUNX1wt). Results revealed that AML-MRC patients with RUNX1mut had shorter median overall survival (OS) (11 ± 3.3 months) when compared to AML with RUNX1mut (19 ± 7.1 months) and AML, NOS with RUNX1wt (not reached) (p = .001). The most common concurrent mutations observed in AML-MRC with RUNX1mut patients were DNMT3A, SRSF2, ASXL1, and IDH2 while in AML with RUNX1mut patients were ASXL1, SRSF2, TET2, IDH2, and DNMT3A. ASXL1 and TET2 mutations appeared to adversely affect OS in AML-MRC, but not in AML with RUNX1mut. Concurrent RUNX1/DNMT3A mutations, in contrast had negative impact on OS in AML with RUNX1mut, but not in AML-MRC with RUNX1mut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynh Nguyen
- Department of Hematopathology and Laboratory Medicine, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA.,Department of Pathology, James A. Haley Veterans' Hospital, Tampa, FL, USA.,Department of Pathology, Morsani College of Medicine, The University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Xiaohui Zhang
- Department of Hematopathology and Laboratory Medicine, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Evans Roberts
- Department of Pathology, Morsani College of Medicine, The University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Seongseok Yun
- Department of Malignant Hematology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Kathy McGraw
- Department of Malignant Hematology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Ivo Abraham
- Center for Health Outcomes and PharmacoEconomic Research, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Jinming Song
- Department of Hematopathology and Laboratory Medicine, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Diana Braswell
- Department of Pathology, Morsani College of Medicine, The University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Dahui Qin
- Department of Hematopathology and Laboratory Medicine, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - David A Sallman
- Department of Malignant Hematology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Jeffrey E Lancet
- Department of Malignant Hematology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Alan F List
- Department of Malignant Hematology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Lynn C Moscinski
- Department of Hematopathology and Laboratory Medicine, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Eric Padron
- Department of Malignant Hematology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Hematopathology and Laboratory Medicine, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
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Saller J, Qin D, Felder S, Coppola D. Microsatellite Stable Colorectal Cancer With an Immunogenic Phenotype: Challenges in Diagnosis and Treatment. Clin Colorectal Cancer 2020; 19:123-131. [PMID: 32171644 DOI: 10.1016/j.clcc.2020.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with deficient microsatellite mismatch repair (dMMR) colorectal cancer (CRC) may respond to immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI), whereas patients with microsatellite-stable (MSS) CRC have not demonstrated response. However, a proportion of MSS tumors display histomorphologic features characteristic of dMMR tumors consistent with an increased antigenicity. Therefore, a subset of patients with CRC not currently receiving ICI treatment may derive benefit from ICI therapy. We review tumors in which the histologic features suggestive of dMMR were in disagreement with the DNA mismatch repair proteins obtained by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Possible causes of such disagreement are discussed. MATERIALS AND METHODS Three patients with CRC suggestive of histomorphologic immunogenicity underwent evaluation by IHC staining for mismatch repair (MMR) status, next-generation sequencing assays, and/or polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Findings compatible with an immunogenic response were similarly observed in all patients. Case 1 highlighted the limiting factors inherent to IHC staining for MMR status: a biopsy initially interpreted as MSS was subsequently interpreted as being dMMR. Case 2 examined the challenges in reconciling histologic characteristics traditionally associated with dMMR CRCs but ultimately determined to be MSS. Case 3 examined the microsatellite instability of CRC resulting from MLH1-methylation and/or MSH6 mutation. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated the challenges in establishing MMR status when confronted with conflicting results from histology, IHC, polymerase chain reaction, and next-generation sequencing. Given that dMMR status has been shown to be a biomarker for ICI responsiveness, the importance of accurate identification is critical.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Saller
- Department of Pathology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institution, Tampa, FL
| | - Dahui Qin
- Department of Pathology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institution, Tampa, FL
| | - Seth Felder
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institution, Tampa, FL
| | - Domenico Coppola
- Department of Pathology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institution, Tampa, FL; Florida Digestive Health Specialists, Brandenton, FL.
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12
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Zhang Y, Chen X, Hou L, Lin X, Qin D, Wang H, Hai S, Cao L, Dong B. Prevalence and Risk Factors Governing the Loss of Muscle Function in Elderly Sarcopenia Patients: A longitudinal Study in China with 4 Years of Follow-Up. J Nutr Health Aging 2020; 24:518-524. [PMID: 32346691 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-020-1361-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Data regarding the occurrence of risk factors that promote the loss of muscle mass, strength and function in sarcopenia patients in elderly Chinese patients are sparse. Here, we investigated the alterations in muscle mass, function and strength in those with sarcopenia over a 4-year period. We further evaluated the risk factors leading to a loss of grip strength, gait speed and skeletal muscle mass index in sarcopenia patients. DESIGN A face-to-face cross-sectional survey. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS The study population consisted of 560 Chinese aged over 59 years. MEASUREMENTS Study recordings took places over a four-year period from 2014. Muscle mass was assessed through bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) performed on an Inbody720, Biospace. Hand-grip strength and 6 m walking speed were used as measurements of muscle strength and function. Sarcopenia was diagnosed using the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia criteria (AWGS). RESULTS In total, 474 of the elderly residents completed the follow-up. The rates of decreased ASMI, grip strength, and gait speed in the sarcopenia patients increased over the 4-year period. Following multivariate analysis, age was identified as the main risk factor for all the observed decrease, gender was specifically related to the loss of ASMI, stroke was a risk factor for gait speed and sarcopenia. A high BMI was a risk factor for a low gait speed but was protective for a loss of skeletal muscle mass and sarcopenia. CONCLUSIONS Age leads to a decline in muscle strength and function. In elderly Chinese patients with sarcopenia, the rates of reduced grip strength, gait-speed and sarcopenia increased. A high BMI was protective against the decline in muscle mass and sarcopenia, but represented a risk factor for low gait speed. Stoke was identified to cause a loss of gait speed in sarcopenia patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Zhang
- Professor Birong Dong, Center of Gerontology and Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, GuoXueXiang, Chengdu, Sichuan, China, 610041. E-mail address: , Fax: +86-028-85421550, Tel: +86-028-85421550
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13
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Hicks JK, Quilitz RE, Komrokji RS, Kubal TE, Lancet JE, Pasikhova Y, Qin D, So W, Caceres G, Kelly K, Salchert YS, Shahbazian K, Abbas-Aghababazadeh F, Fridley BL, Velez AP, McLeod HL, Greene JN. Prospective CYP2C19-Guided Voriconazole Prophylaxis in Patients With Neutropenic Acute Myeloid Leukemia Reduces the Incidence of Subtherapeutic Antifungal Plasma Concentrations. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2019; 107:563-570. [PMID: 31549389 DOI: 10.1002/cpt.1641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A risk mitigation strategy was implemented to determine if a higher prophylactic voriconazole dosage in patients with CYP2C19 rapid metabolizer neutropenic acute myeloid leukemia (AML) reduces the incidence of subtherapeutic trough concentrations. Patients with AML (n = 263) were preemptively genotyped for CYP2C19*2, *3, and *17 alleles as part of a single-center prospective, interventional, quality improvement study. CYP2C19 rapid metabolizers (CYP2C19*1/*17) were recommended to receive interventional voriconazole 300 mg twice daily, ultrarapid metabolizers (CYP2C19*17/*17) were recommended to avoid voriconazole, and all others received the standard prophylactic dosage of 200 mg twice daily. In this real-world setting, 202 patients (76.8%) were prescribed prophylactic voriconazole, and of these patients 176 (87.1%) received CYP2C19-guided prophylactic dosing. Voriconazole trough concentrations were obtained for 41 of the 58 (70.7%) CYP2C19 rapid metabolizers prescribed prophylactic voriconazole. Interventional voriconazole resulted in higher plasma trough concentrations (median 2.7 μg/mL) compared with the standard prophylactic dosage (median 0.6 μg/mL; P = 0.001). Subtherapeutic concentrations were avoided in 83.8% of CYP2C19 rapid metabolizers receiving interventional dosage compared to 46.2% receiving standard dosage (P = 0.02). CYP2C19 genotyping to preemptively guide prophylactic voriconazole dosing is feasible and may be a potential strategy for reducing the risk of subtherapeutic trough concentrations that potentiate breakthrough fungal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Kevin Hicks
- Department of Individualized Cancer Management, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Rod E Quilitz
- Department of Pharmacy, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Rami S Komrokji
- Department of Malignant Hematology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Timothy E Kubal
- Department of Malignant Hematology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Jeffrey E Lancet
- Department of Malignant Hematology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Yanina Pasikhova
- Department of Pharmacy, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Dahui Qin
- Department of Pathology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Wonhee So
- Department of Pharmacy, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Gisela Caceres
- Department of Pathology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Kerry Kelly
- Department of Clinical Informatics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Yasmina S Salchert
- Department of Pathology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Kevin Shahbazian
- Department of Individualized Cancer Management, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Farnoosh Abbas-Aghababazadeh
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Brooke L Fridley
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Ana P Velez
- Department of Infectious Disease, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Howard L McLeod
- Department of Individualized Cancer Management, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - John N Greene
- Department of Infectious Disease, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
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Yue RC, Lu SZ, Luo Y, Zeng J, Liang H, Wang XB, Qin D, Yang XL, Hu HX, Zeng CY. [Effect of NLRP3 mediated pyroptosis in myocardial cells undergoing hypoxia/deoxygenation injury]. Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi 2019; 47:471-478. [PMID: 31262132 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-3758.2019.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the effect of NACHT-LRR-PYD- containing proteins 3 (NLRP3) mediated pyroptosis in myocardial cells undergoing hypoxia/deoxygenation (H/R) injury. Methods: In order to observe whether H/R-treatment could cause pyroptosis, H9c2 cells were divided into 2 groups randomly using the lottery method: control group(without H/R-treatment) and H/R group (in which the H9c2 cells were underwent H/R-treatment). In order to clarify the role of pyroptosis in H/R-injury, H9c2 cells were divided into 4 groups randomly using the lottery method: control group(in which the H9c2 cells were cultivated with normal medium); YVAD group(in which the H9c2 cells were pretreated with z-Val-Ala-Asp(Ome)-fluoromethylketone (Z-YVAD-FMK) 20 μm for 4 hours, then replaced with normal medium); H/R group(H9c2 cells underwent H/R-treatment); YVAD+H/R group (in which the H9c2 cells were pretreated with 20 μm Z-YVAD-FMK for 4 hours before H/R-treatment). To determine whether H/R-induced cell pyroptosis is associated with NLRP3, H9c2 cells were divided into 4 groups randomly using the lottery method: control group (in which cells were transfected with a control nonspecific siRNA); si-NLRP3 group (in which cells were transfected with NLRP3-targeting siRNA); H/R group(in which cells were transfected with a control nonspecific siRNA before H/R-treatment); si-NLRP3+H/R group(in which the H9c2 cells were transfected with NLRP3-targeting siRNA before H/R-treatment). Pore formation on cell membrane was detected by propidium iodide (PI) staining. Cell viability was detected by CCK8 reagent. The protein expression of Caspase-1, interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and NLRP3 was detected by Western blot. Results: (1) The positive rate of PI staining ((26.46±5.15)% vs. (1.69±0.73)%,P<0.01), expression of NLRP3 (0.57±0.16 vs. 0.23±0.06,P<0.01), expression of Caspase-1 (1.07±0.13 vs. 0.37±0.08,P<0.01), and expression of IL-1β (0.38±0.08 vs. 0.16±0.05,P<0.01) were significantly higher in H/R group than in control group. (2)The cell vitality was significantly higher in YVAD+H/R group than in H/R group ((87.31±9.05)% vs. (73.30±7.19)%, P<0.05).The positive rate of PI staining was significantly decreased in YVAD+H/R group than in H/R group ((18.12±4.36)% vs. (26.45±4.60)%, P<0.05). The expression of Caspase-1 (0.72±0.12 vs. 1.07±0.15, P<0.05) and IL-1β(0.29±0.07 vs. 0.39±0.06, P<0.05) were significantly lower in YVAD+H/R group than in H/R group. (3) The cell vitality was significantly increased in si-NLRP3+H/R group than in H/R group ((85.46±7.71)% vs. (72.41±5.53)%, P<0.05). The positive rate of PI staining was significantly lower in si-NLRP3+H/R group than in H/R group ((18.22±4.20)% vs. (26.73±3.26)%, P<0.05). The expression of Caspase-1(0.87±0.07 vs. 1.15±0.15, P<0.05) and IL-1β(0.41±0.07 vs. 0.58±0.10, P<0.05) were significantly decreased in si-NLRP3+H/R group than in H/R group. Conclusion: NLRP3 mediated pyroptosis is involved in H/R injury of myocardial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- R C Yue
- Department of Cardiology, North Sichuan Medical College First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchong 637000, China
| | - S Z Lu
- Department of Cardiology, North Sichuan Medical College First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchong 637000, China
| | - Y Luo
- Department of Cardiology, North Sichuan Medical College First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchong 637000, China
| | - J Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, North Sichuan Medical College First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchong 637000, China
| | - H Liang
- Department of Cardiology, North Sichuan Medical College First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchong 637000, China
| | - X B Wang
- Department of Cardiology, North Sichuan Medical College First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchong 637000, China
| | - D Qin
- Department of Cardiology, North Sichuan Medical College First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchong 637000, China
| | - X L Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - H X Hu
- Department of Cardiology, North Sichuan Medical College First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchong 637000, China
| | - C Y Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
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Shahid M, Wang D, Saller J, Ryzhova E, Qin D, Magliocco A, Coppola D. STK11 p.G270W: A Novel Mutation Detected in a Case of MSI High Mixed Medullary-Mucinous Carcinoma of the Transverse Colon. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2019; 16:267-272. [PMID: 31243107 DOI: 10.21873/cgp.20131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM To report a case of mixed medullary/mucinous adenocarcinoma with unusual mutational gene profile. PATIENTS AND METHODS A 79-year-old female was diagnosed with a colorectal carcinoma of the transverse colon. The diagnostic work-up of this case included thorough clinicopathological evaluation, immunohistochemistry and next generation Sequencing. RESULTS The clinicopathological evaluation showed a tumor with morphological features of both medullary and mucinous colorectal carcinoma. Immunohistochemistry revealed the loss of DNA mismatch repair proteins. NGS showed that the medullary component of this tumor had a novel STK11 p.G270W mutation, which was not present in the mucinous component. Both the medullary and mucinous components also had BRAF V600E and AKT1 (pE17K) mutations. CONCLUSION We report a novel mutation STK11 (p.G270W), in medullary carcinoma of the colon with an associated mucinous component.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Shahid
- Department of Pathology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, U.S.A
| | - Dapeng Wang
- Department of Pathology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, U.S.A
| | - James Saller
- Department of Pathology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, U.S.A
| | - Elena Ryzhova
- Department of Pathology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, U.S.A
| | - Dahui Qin
- Department of Pathology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, U.S.A
| | - Anthony Magliocco
- Moffitt Morsani Advanced Diagnostic Laboratories, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, U.S.A
| | - Domenico Coppola
- Department of Pathology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, U.S.A. .,Department of Tumor Biology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, U.S.A.,Department of Chemical Biology and Molecular Medicine, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, U.S.A.,Department of Pathology, Florida Digestive Health Specialists, Bradenton, FL, U.S.A
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16
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Chen Y, Bai B, Yan H, Wen F, Qin D, Jander G, Xia Q, Wang G. Systemic disruption of the homeostasis of transfer RNA isopentenyltransferase causes growth and development abnormalities in Bombyx mori. Insect Mol Biol 2019; 28:380-391. [PMID: 30548717 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Isopentenylation at A37 (i6 A37) of some transfer RNAs (tRNAs) plays a vital role in regulating the efficiency and fidelity of protein synthesis. However, whether insects, which are well known for their highly efficient protein synthesis machinery, employ this regulatory mechanism remains uninvestigated. In the current study, a candidate tRNA isopentenyltransferase (IPT) gene with three alternative splicing isoforms (BmIPT1-BmIPT3) was identified in Bombyx mori (silkworm). Only BmIPT1 could complement a yeast mutant lacking tRNA IPT. Phylogenetic analysis showed that silkworm tRNA IPT is conserved in the Lepidoptera. BmIPT was expressed in all B. mori tissues and organs that were investigated, but was expressed at a significantly higher level in silk glands of the fourth instar compared to the first day of the fifth instar. Interestingly, BmIPT was expressed at a significantly higher level in the domesticated silkworm, B. mori, than in wild Bombyx mandarina in multiple tissues and organs. Knock-down of BmIPT by RNA interference caused severe abnormalities in silk spinning and metamorphosis. Constitutive overexpression of BmIPT1 using a cytoplasmic actin 4 promoter in B. mori raised its messenger RNA level more than sixfold compared with nontransgenic insects and led to significant decreases in the body weight and cocoon shell ratio. Together, these results confirm the first functional tRNA IPT in insects and show that a suitable expression level of tRNA IPT is vital for silk spinning, normal growth, and metamorphosis. Thus, i6 A modification at position A37 in tRNA probably plays an important role in B. mori protein synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - B Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - H Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - F Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - D Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - G Jander
- Boyce Thompson Institute, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Q Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sericultural Science, Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Novel Silk Materials, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - G Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sericultural Science, Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Novel Silk Materials, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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17
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Zhang C, Qin D, Shen L, Ji P, Wang J. Does audiovisual distraction reduce dental anxiety in children under local anesthesia? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Oral Dis 2018; 25:416-424. [PMID: 29498793 DOI: 10.1111/odi.12849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2017] [Revised: 02/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis on the effects of audiovisual distraction on reducing dental anxiety in children during dental treatment under local anesthesia. METHODS The authors identified eligible reports published through August 2017 by searching PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. Clinical trials that reported the effects of audiovisual distraction on children's physiological measures, self-reports, and behavior rating scales during dental treatment met the minimum inclusion requirements. The authors extracted data and performed a meta-analysis of appropriate articles. RESULTS Nine eligible trials were included and qualitatively analyzed; some of these trials were also quantitatively analyzed. Among the physiological measures, heart rate or pulse rate was significantly lower (p = .01) in children subjected to audiovisual distraction during dental treatment under local anesthesia than in those who were not; a significant difference in oxygen saturation was not observed. The majority of the studies using self-reports and behavior rating scales suggested that audiovisual distraction was beneficial in reducing anxiety perception and improving children's cooperation during dental treatment. CONCLUSION The audiovisual distraction approach effectively reduces dental anxiety among children. Therefore, we suggest the use of audiovisual distraction when children need dental treatment under local anesthesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Zhang
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - D Qin
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - L Shen
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - P Ji
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - J Wang
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
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18
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Song J, Hussaini M, Zhang H, Shao H, Qin D, Zhang X, Ma Z, Hussnain Naqvi SM, Zhang L, Moscinski LC. Comparison of the Mutational Profiles of Primary Myelofibrosis, Polycythemia Vera, and Essential Thrombocytosis. Am J Clin Pathol 2017; 147:444-452. [PMID: 28419183 PMCID: PMC5402718 DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/aqw222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare the mutational profiles of patients with primary myelofibrosis (PMF), polycythemia vera (PV), and essential thrombocytosis (ET). METHODS Next-generation sequencing results of 75 cases of PMF, 33 cases of PV, and 27 cases of ET were compared. RESULTS Mutation rates of ASXL1 and SRSF2 were significantly higher in PMF than in PV or ET. ASXL1 mutations appeared to be more frequently associated with risk of transformation to acute myeloid leukemia than JAK2 or TET2 mutations. The most common mutation-cytogenetic combinations in myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN) were mutations of JAK2 or ASXL1 with del(20q) and were more common in patients with PMF and PV than in patients with ET. Differences were also found between patients with PMF and PV. CONCLUSIONS PMF, PV, and ET show different mutational profiles, which may be helpful in resolving the differential diagnosis between MPNs. Due to the relatively small number of cases and variable testing over time, larger controlled studies are necessary to confirm the findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinming Song
- From the Departments of Hematopathology and Laboratory Medicine
- Corresponding author: Jinming Song, MD, PhD, 12902 USF Magnolia Dr, Tampa, FL 33612;
| | | | - Hailing Zhang
- From the Departments of Hematopathology and Laboratory Medicine
| | - Haipeng Shao
- From the Departments of Hematopathology and Laboratory Medicine
| | - Dahui Qin
- From the Departments of Hematopathology and Laboratory Medicine
| | - Xiaohui Zhang
- From the Departments of Hematopathology and Laboratory Medicine
| | - Zhenjun Ma
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL
| | | | - Ling Zhang
- From the Departments of Hematopathology and Laboratory Medicine
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19
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Ismail A, Mallick JA, Qin D, Hussaini MO. Sentinel case of Richter transformation from chronic lymphocytic leukaemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma to CD3+ diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. J Clin Pathol 2016; 70:575-578. [PMID: 27899414 DOI: 10.1136/jclinpath-2016-204024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Revised: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
AIM To report the first case of a Richter syndrome where small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL) progressed to a CD3+ diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). METHODS Macrodissection of small and large cell lymphomatous components was performed. This was followed by flow cytometric analysis along with molecular B-cell immunoglobulin (heavy and light chains) and T-cell receptor (γ and β chains) gene rearrangement studies to investigate a clonal relationship between the components. RESULTS The immunophenotypic profile was similar between small and large cell components of the lymphoma by flow cytometry. Furthermore, shared clonal peaks were observed between both components based on molecular B-cell and T-cell receptor gene rearrangement studies, confirming a clonal relationship. CONCLUSIONS Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia/SLL may rarely undergo Richter transformation to a DLBCL demonstrating lineage infidelity. This is a potentially important diagnostic pitfall and such cases should not be confused with a de novo T-cell lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Ismail
- University of Pikeville Kentucky College of Osteopathic Medicine, Pikeville, Kentucky, USA
| | | | - Dahui Qin
- Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
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20
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Wang L, Qin D, Zhang K, Huang Q, Liu S, Han MJ, Dong JY. Metabolites from the co-culture of nigranoic acid and Umbelopsis dimorpha SWUKD3.1410, an endophytic fungus from Kadsura angustifolia. Nat Prod Res 2016; 31:1414-1421. [PMID: 27830590 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2016.1255891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The ability of the endophytic fungus Umbelopsis dimorpha SWUKD3.1410 to transform the triterpene nigranoic acid (3, 4-secocycloarta-4(28), 24-(Z)-diene-3, 26-dioic acid; 1) was investigated. Co-culture of nigranoic acid with U. dimorpha SWUKD3.1410 yielded six major products, including a new triterpene (2) and 5 known compounds (3-7). Their structures were identified by the extensive 1D, 2D NMR and HR-ESI-MS Data analysis, and by comparison with those reported data. Among them, 2-4 were transformed from nigranoic acid (1), while 5-7 were derived from the culture medium stimulated by the substrate. On the basis of the structures of 2-4, it was proposed that the transformative process probably involved isomerase and hydroxylase, in which the former was rare in fungi. Additionally, all the compounds (1-7) were evaluated for their cytotoxic activity. As a result, compounds 1, 3-5 exhibited weak cytotoxicity against the tested cell lines, while others showed no cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Wang
- a Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences , Southwest University , Chongqing , People's Republic of China
| | - D Qin
- a Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences , Southwest University , Chongqing , People's Republic of China
| | - K Zhang
- a Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences , Southwest University , Chongqing , People's Republic of China
| | - Q Huang
- a Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences , Southwest University , Chongqing , People's Republic of China
| | - S Liu
- a Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences , Southwest University , Chongqing , People's Republic of China
| | - M J Han
- a Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences , Southwest University , Chongqing , People's Republic of China
| | - J Y Dong
- a Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences , Southwest University , Chongqing , People's Republic of China
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21
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Faulkner SD, Lee M, Qin D, Morrell L, Xoxi E, Sammarco A, Cammarata S, Russo P, Pani L, Barker R. Pricing and reimbursement experiences and insights in the European Union and the United States: Lessons learned to approach adaptive payer pathways. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2016; 100:730-742. [DOI: 10.1002/cpt.508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 09/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- SD Faulkner
- Centre for Advancement for Sustainable Medical Innovation (CASMI); University of Oxford; Oxford United Kingdom
| | - M Lee
- Price Waterhouse Cooper's Strategy&; London United Kingdom
| | - D Qin
- Price Waterhouse Cooper's Strategy&; London United Kingdom
| | - L Morrell
- Centre for Advancement for Sustainable Medical Innovation (CASMI); University of Oxford; Oxford United Kingdom
| | - E Xoxi
- Italian Medicines Agency; Rome Italy
| | | | | | - P Russo
- Italian Medicines Agency; Rome Italy
| | - L Pani
- Italian Medicines Agency; Rome Italy
| | - R Barker
- Centre for Advancement for Sustainable Medical Innovation (CASMI); University of Oxford; Oxford United Kingdom
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22
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Lal J, McIntosh L, Qin D. Validation of Buccal Swab DNA Isolation Using Promega SwabSolution and Powerplex 16HS System for Full-Reaction and Half-Reaction Volumes for PCR Amplification. Am J Clin Pathol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/142.suppl1.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Dahui Qin
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL
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23
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Shen JX, Qin D, Wang H, Wu C, Shi FD, Wu J. Roles of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in stem cell survival/apoptosis, proliferation and differentiation. Curr Mol Med 2014; 13:1455-64. [PMID: 23971734 DOI: 10.2174/15665240113139990074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2011] [Revised: 11/06/2011] [Accepted: 06/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The potential of stem cells in regenerative medicine, developmental biology, and drug discovery has been well documented. For example, stem cells have the extraordinary ability of self-renewal, and also give rise to many specialized cells. It is clear that stem cell technology has revolutionized our understanding of modern biology and medicine and provided new insights into the mechanisms controlling basic cell biology and various diseases. Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are prototypical members of the ligand-gated ion channel super family of neurotransmitter receptors that play many critical roles in brain and body function. It has been demonstrated that in addition to mediation of classical excitatory neurotransmission at some loci and modulation of release of neurotransmitters in some cases, nAChRs also play important roles in influencing synaptic architecture and plasticity as well as neuronal survival/death. Recently, emerging lines of evidence have suggested that nAChRs express on stem cells, where they likely mediate crucial effects of cholinergic signaling on stem cell survival/apoptosis, proliferation, differentiation and maturation. In this review, we summarize current development in cholinergic modulations of stem cell survival/apoptosis, proliferation and differentiation in order to evaluate the impact of nAChRs in stem cell biology and pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-X Shen
- Division of Neurology, Director, Neurophysiology Laboratory, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, 350 West Thomas Road, Phoenix, AZ 85013-4496, USA.
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Feng H, Feng J, Li Z, Feng Q, Zhang Q, Qin D, Chen W, Li Z, Zhang Y. Percutaneous femoroplasty for the treatment of proximal femoral metastases. Eur J Surg Oncol 2014; 40:402-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2013.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2013] [Revised: 12/15/2013] [Accepted: 12/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Lian P, Li A, Li Y, Liu H, Liang D, Hu B, Lin D, Jiang T, Moeckel G, Qin D, Wu G. Loss of polycystin-1 inhibits Bicc1 expression during mouse development. PLoS One 2014; 9:e88816. [PMID: 24594709 PMCID: PMC3940423 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0088816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2012] [Accepted: 01/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Bicc1 is a mouse homologue of Drosophila Bicaudal-C (dBic-C), which encodes an RNA-binding protein. Orthologs of dBic-C have been identified in many species, from C. elegans to humans. Bicc1-mutant mice exhibit a cystic phenotype in the kidney that is very similar to human polycystic kidney disease. Even though many studies have explored the gene characteristics and its functions in multiple species, the developmental profile of the Bicc1 gene product (Bicc1) in mammal has not yet been completely characterized. To this end, we generated a polyclonal antibody against Bicc1 and examined its spatial and temporal expression patterns during mouse embryogenesis and organogenesis. Our results demonstrated that Bicc1 starts to be expressed in the neural tube as early as embryonic day (E) 8.5 and is widely expressed in epithelial derivatives including the gut and hepatic cells at E10.5, and the pulmonary bronchi at E11.5. In mouse kidney development, Bicc1 appears in the early ureteric bud and mesonephric tubules at E11.5 and is also expressed in the metanephros at the same stage. During postnatal kidney development, Bicc1 expression gradually expands from the cortical to the medullary and papillary regions, and it is highly expressed in the proximal tubules. In addition, we discovered that loss of the Pkd1 gene product, polycystin-1 (PC1), whose mutation causes human autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), downregulates Bicc1 expression in vitro and in vivo. Our findings demonstrate that Bicc1 is developmentally regulated and reveal a new molecular link between Bicc1 and Pkd1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiwen Lian
- Division of Translational Cancer Research and Therapy, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Hospital and Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Ao Li
- Division of Translational Cancer Research and Therapy, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Hospital and Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Yuan Li
- Division of Translational Cancer Research and Therapy, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Hospital and Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Haichao Liu
- Division of Translational Cancer Research and Therapy, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Hospital and Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Dan Liang
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Bo Hu
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - De Lin
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Tang Jiang
- Department of Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gilbert Moeckel
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Dahui Qin
- Department of Pathology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Guanqing Wu
- Division of Translational Cancer Research and Therapy, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Hospital and Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
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Chen X, Eksioglu EA, Zhou J, Zhang L, Djeu J, Fortenbery N, Epling-Burnette P, Van Bijnen S, Dolstra H, Cannon J, Youn JI, Donatelli SS, Qin D, De Witte T, Tao J, Wang H, Cheng P, Gabrilovich DI, List A, Wei S. Induction of myelodysplasia by myeloid-derived suppressor cells. J Clin Invest 2014; 123:4595-611. [PMID: 24216507 DOI: 10.1172/jci67580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 238] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2012] [Accepted: 08/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are age-dependent stem cell malignancies that share biological features of activated adaptive immune response and ineffective hematopoiesis. Here we report that myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC), which are classically linked to immunosuppression, inflammation, and cancer, were markedly expanded in the bone marrow of MDS patients and played a pathogenetic role in the development of ineffective hematopoiesis. These clonally distinct MDSC overproduce hematopoietic suppressive cytokines and function as potent apoptotic effectors targeting autologous hematopoietic progenitors. Using multiple transfected cell models, we found that MDSC expansion is driven by the interaction of the proinflammatory molecule S100A9 with CD33. These 2 proteins formed a functional ligand/receptor pair that recruited components to CD33’s immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibition motif (ITIM), inducing secretion of the suppressive cytokines IL-10 and TGF-β by immature myeloid cells. S100A9 transgenic mice displayed bone marrow accumulation of MDSC accompanied by development of progressive multilineage cytopenias and cytological dysplasia. Importantly, early forced maturation of MDSC by either all-trans-retinoic acid treatment or active immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif–bearing (ITAM-bearing) adapter protein (DAP12) interruption of CD33 signaling rescued the hematologic phenotype. These findings indicate that primary bone marrow expansion of MDSC driven by the S100A9/CD33 pathway perturbs hematopoiesis and contributes to the development of MDS.
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Horna P, Deaver DM, Qin D, Moscinski LC, Sotomayor EM, Glass LF, Sokol L. Quantitative flow cytometric identification of aberrant T cell clusters in erythrodermic cutaneous T cell lymphoma. Implications for staging and prognosis. J Clin Pathol 2013; 67:431-6. [PMID: 24319102 DOI: 10.1136/jclinpath-2013-201748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Assessment of peripheral blood tumour burden for staging of cutaneous T cells lymphoma is most often accomplished by flow cytometry (FC) using various non-standarised strategies. We report the results of calculating absolute Sezary cell counts (SCCs) by FC, based on the identification of aberrant T cell clusters on a virtual 6-dimensional space and independently of the expected immunophenotype (6D-FC SCC). METHODS 6D-FC SCCs were calculated on 65 peripheral blood specimens from 28 patients with erythrodermic cutaneous T cells lymphoma (stage III or IV). Comparisons were made with recommended FC strategies and correlations with overall mortality were studied. RESULTS At first visit, 17 of 28 patients (61%) had 6D-FC SCCs meeting current criteria for Stage IV disease (≥1000 SC/μL); while only 2 patients (7%) met Stage IV criteria on other tissues. As defined by comprehensive staging using clinicomorphological criteria and 6D-FC SCCs, Stage IV disease identified a subgroup of patients with worse overall survival (p=0.0227). Residual non-aberrant CD4 T cells were markedly decreased in Stage IV disease (p=0.018). Among 65 specimens, discrepancies were observed between 6D-FC SCCs and usual FC thresholds for Stage IV disease, namely a CD4:CD8 ratio ≥10:1 (9 discrepancies, 14%), and ≥40% aberrant CD4 T cells (4 discrepancies, 6%). Surprisingly, 8 cases (12%) from 6 patients exhibited two distinctively separate clusters of aberrant CD4 T cells with different CD7 and/or CD26 expression. CONCLUSIONS Visual 6-dimensional identification of aberrant T cell clusters by FC allows for the calculation of clinically significant SCCs. Simplified gating strategies and relative quantitative values might underestimate the immunophenotypical complexity of Sezary cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Horna
- Department of Hematopathology and Labororatory Medicine, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, , Tampa, Florida, USA
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Zhou L, Xu J, Luan L, Ma J, Gong Y, Qin D, Pan C. Optimization and validation of a method based on derivatization with methylating agent followed by HPLC-DAD for determining dithiocarbamates residues. ACTA CHROMATOGR 2013. [DOI: 10.1556/achrom.25.2013.4.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Zhu X, Guo Y, Yao S, Yan Q, Xue M, Hao T, Zhou F, Zhu J, Qin D, Lu C. Synergy between Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) vIL-6 and HIV-1 Nef protein in promotion of angiogenesis and oncogenesis: role of the AKT signaling pathway. Oncogene 2013; 33:1986-96. [PMID: 23604117 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2013.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2012] [Revised: 02/04/2013] [Accepted: 02/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is the cause of Kaposi's sarcoma (KS), which is the most common AIDS-associated malignancy. KS is characterized by neovascularization and spindle cell proliferation. The interaction between HIV-1 and KSHV has a central role in promoting the aggressive manifestations of KS in AIDS patients; however, the pathogenesis underlying AIDS-related KS (AIDS-KS) remains unknown. Herein, we examined the potential of HIV-1 negative factor (Nef) to impact KSHV viral interleukin-6 (vIL-6)-induced angiogenesis and tumorigenesis. In vitro experiments showed that exogenous Nef penetrated vIL-6-expressing endothelial cells. Both internalized and ectopic expression of Nef in endothelial cells and fibroblasts synergized with vIL-6 to promote vascular tube formation and cell proliferation. Using a chicken chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model, we demonstrated that Nef synergistically promotes vIL-6-induced angiogenesis and tumorigenesis. Animal experiments further showed that Nef facilitates vIL-6-induced angiogenesis and tumor formation in athymic nu/nu mice. Mechanistic studies indicated that Nef synergizes with vIL-6 to enhance angiogenesis and tumorigenesis by activating the AKT pathway in the CAM model, as well as nude mice. LY294002, a specific inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K), significantly impaired the ability of Nef to promote vIL-6-induced tumorigenesis in an allograft model of nude mice. Our data provide first-line evidence that Nef may contribute to the pathogenesis underlying AIDS-KS in synergy with vIL-6. These novel findings also suggest that targeting the PI3K/AKT signal may be a potentially effective therapeutic approach in AIDS-KS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Zhu
- 1] State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China [2] Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China [3] Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China [4] Department of Laboratory Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Y Guo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - S Yao
- Medical School, Quzhou College of Technology, Quzhou, PR China
| | - Q Yan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - M Xue
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - T Hao
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - F Zhou
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - J Zhu
- Cancer Virology Program, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - D Qin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - C Lu
- 1] State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China [2] Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China [3] Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China
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Peker D, Quigley B, Qin D, Papenhausen P, Zhang L. Burkitt lymphoma arising from lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma following acquisition of MYC translocation and loss of the ETV6 tumor suppressor gene. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2013; 137:130-3. [PMID: 23276184 DOI: 10.5858/arpa.2011-0429-cr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2023]
Abstract
Lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma is a mature B-cell lymphoma with variable plasmacytic differentiation that displays an indolent clinical course. Its transformation to a high-grade B-cell lymphoma may occur uncommonly. Although acquisition of a MYC translocation could result in transformation of a low-grade lymphoma into diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, Burkitt lymphoma, or B-lymphoblastic leukemia, to our knowledge the latter 2 transformations have not been well documented in lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma. We report the case of a 70-year-old woman with a 9-year history of lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma/Waldenström macroglobulinemia who presented with rapid enlargement of a left neck mass and pancytopenia, which was diagnosed as Burkitt lymphoma with extensive bone marrow involvement. A series of histopathologic, molecular, and cytogenetic evaluations proved a cytogenetic evolution including t(8;14)(q24;q32)/MYC-IgH and identical clonal B-cell gene rearrangements from the 2 distinct lymphomas, confirming stage 4 aggressive Burkitt lymphoma arising from lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deniz Peker
- Department of Hematopathology & Laboratory Medicine, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida 33612, USA
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Gao X, Chen F, Qin D. Minimally Invasive Endoscopic Surgery for Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea. Skull Base Surg 2012. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1314006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Shen S, Qin D. Pyrosequencing data analysis software: a useful tool for EGFR, KRAS, and BRAF mutation analysis. Diagn Pathol 2012; 7:56. [PMID: 22640803 PMCID: PMC3433338 DOI: 10.1186/1746-1596-7-56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2012] [Accepted: 05/28/2012] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Pyrosequencing is a new technology and can be used for mutation tests. However, its data analysis is a manual process and involves sophisticated algorithms. During this process, human errors may occur. A better way of analyzing pyrosequencing data is needed in clinical diagnostic laboratory. Computer software is potentially useful for pyrosequencing data analysis. We have developed such software, which is able to perform pyrosequencing mutation data analysis for epidermal growth factor receptor, Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog and v-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1. The input data for analysis includes the targeted nucleotide sequence, common mutations in the targeted sequence, pyrosequencing dispensing order, pyrogram peak order and peak heights. The output includes mutation type and percentage of mutant gene in the specimen. Results The data from 1375 pyrosequencing test results were analyzed using the software in parallel with manual analysis. The software was able to generate correct results for all 1375 cases. Conclusion The software developed is a useful molecular diagnostic tool for pyrosequencing mutation data analysis. This software can increase laboratory data analysis efficiency and reduce data analysis error rate. Virtual slides The virtual slide(s) for this article can be found here: http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/1348911657684292.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanxiang Shen
- Department of Pathology, Moffitt Cancer Center, 12902 USF Magnolia Drive, Tampa, Florida 33612, USA
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Caso J, Qin D, Sexton WJ. Eosinophilic cystitis following immediate post-resection intravesical instillation of mitomycin-C. Can J Urol 2010; 17:5223-5225. [PMID: 20566021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We present a patient who developed severe lower urinary tract symptoms following resection of a Ta low grade bladder urothelial carcinoma with immediate post-resection instillation of mitomycin-C. Urine cultures were negative. Radiographic imaging demonstrated a bladder mass. On biopsy she was found to have eosinophilic cystitis. We report the clinical scenario and discuss treatment options. A review of reported cases in the English literature is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Caso
- The Genitourinary Oncology Program, H Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida 33612-9416, USA
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Tanvetyanon T, Qin D, Padhya T, McCaffrey J, Zhu W, Boulware D, DeConti R, Trotti A. Outcomes of postoperative concurrent chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced major salivary gland carcinoma. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 135:687-92. [PMID: 19620591 DOI: 10.1001/archoto.2009.70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the potential value of postoperative concurrent chemoradiation among patients with high-risk salivary gland carcinomas. DESIGN Case control study based on retrospective medical record review. SETTING A tertiary care comprehensive cancer center. PATIENTS A total of 24 patients, 12 with major salivary gland carcinoma who were treated with postoperative concurrent chemoradiotherapy from 1998 to 2007 (chemoradiation group), and a control group of 12 patients treated with postoperative radiation alone. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Overall survival, progression-free survival, toxic effects. RESULTS All but 1 patient had stage III or IV disease; close or positive surgical margins were identified in 20 patients (83%). The median radiation dose was 63 Gy. In the chemoradiation group, platinum-based regimens were used in all. Treatment was well tolerated, but toxic effects, predominantly hematologic, were increased in the chemoradiation group. To date, 8 patients have died; the median overall survival was 53 months. The overall survival in the chemoradiation group was significantly better than in the radiation-alone group: 3-year survival rates were 83% and 44%, respectively (P = .05). CONCLUSIONS Locally advanced or high-grade salivary gland carcinomas follow an aggressive clinical course. Based on our limited experience, postoperative chemoradiation with a platinum-based regimen seems to be effective in selected patients and warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tawee Tanvetyanon
- Head and Neck Program, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
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Tanvetyanon T, Qin D, Padhya T, Kapoor R, McCaffrey J, Trotti A. Survival outcomes of squamous cell carcinoma arising from sinonasal inverted papilloma: report of 6 cases with systematic review and pooled analysis. Am J Otolaryngol 2009; 30:38-43. [PMID: 19027511 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjoto.2008.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2007] [Revised: 01/23/2008] [Accepted: 02/01/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inverted papilloma (IP) is an uncommon sinonasal tumor. Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is associated with IP in about 7% of cases. To date, there has been no pooled analysis to formulate a survival outcome associated with this rare condition. PATIENTS AND METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients with IP and SCC treated at our institution during 1999-2007. Including our series, a systematic review of literature on Medline database and pooled analysis were performed to establish a survival estimate. RESULTS Six patients were identified. Squamous cell carcinoma was metachronous to the initial diagnosis of IP in 1 case and synchronous in 5 cases. Of 5 patients who had completed therapy at the time of this report, only 1 remained disease-free at 74 months. The median overall survival in our series was 33 months. Three patients developed distant metastases in brain, lung, bone, and liver. Literature review and pooled survival analysis consisting of 76 cases indicated a median overall survival of 126 months with 3- and 5-year survival rates of 63% and 61%, respectively. CONCLUSION Although the survival outcome of SCC arising from IP seems comparable with sinonasal SCCs, some patients with this disease do have a highly aggressive disease, including hematogenous distant metastasis. Overall, about 40% of patients will die of the disease within the first 3 years.
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Yan P, Qin D, An YK, Li GZ, Xing J, Liu JJ. In situ synthesis and characterization of GaN nanorods through thermal decomposition of pre-grown GaN films. Nanotechnology 2008; 19:025605. [PMID: 21817547 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/19/02/025605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Herein we describe a thermal treatment route to synthesize gallium nitride (GaN) nanorods. In this method, GaN nanorods were synthesized by thermal treatment of GaN films at a temperature of 800 °C. The morphology and structure of GaN nanorods were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results show that GaN nanorods have a hexagonal wurtzite structure with diameters ranging from 30 to 50 nm. Additionally, GaN nanoplates are also founded in the products. The growth process of GaN nanostructures was investigated and a thermal decomposition mechanism was proposed. Our method provides a cost-effective route to fabricate GaN nanorods, which will benefit the fabrication of one-dimensional nanomaterials and device applications.
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Yao S, Tang Q, Cheng L, Zeng Y, Chen X, Qin D, Lv Z, Lu C. Identification of B cell epitopes at the C-terminus of latency-associated nuclear protein of the kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus. Acta Virol 2007; 51:109-18. [PMID: 17900217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The latency-associated nuclear antigen (LANA) of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) plays a key role in the induction of cell transformation, maintenance of viral episome, and modulation of immune response in human. To identify the presence of B cell epitopes within C-terminus of LANA and to characterize the monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against this protein, we expressed the C-terminal region at aa 794-1000 of LANA (pLANA-C) in Escherichia coli as a fusion protein. KSHV-positive human sera were able to recognize the recombinant LANA-C in the Western blot analysis and ELISA. Mapping of antigenic epitopes of pLANA-C by KSHV-positive human sera revealed two B cell antigenic epitopes located at aa 846-854 and aa 794-822. The MAb 3F11 recognized a region between at aa 840 to 846 of LANA and exhibited a strong and specific binding to both pLANA-C and native viral LANA. These findings showed that pLANA-C and MAb 3F11 could be used for the detection of KSHV antibodies in human sera and for the advanced study of biological functions of LANA.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology
- Antibodies, Viral/blood
- Antibodies, Viral/immunology
- Antigens, Viral/chemistry
- Antigens, Viral/genetics
- Antigens, Viral/immunology
- Cell Line
- Epitopes, B-Lymphocyte/chemistry
- Epitopes, B-Lymphocyte/immunology
- Herpesviridae Infections/diagnosis
- Herpesviridae Infections/immunology
- Herpesviridae Infections/virology
- Herpesvirus 8, Human/immunology
- Humans
- Mice
- Nuclear Proteins/chemistry
- Nuclear Proteins/genetics
- Nuclear Proteins/immunology
- Recombinant Proteins/genetics
- Recombinant Proteins/immunology
- Recombinant Proteins/metabolism
- Sarcoma, Kaposi/diagnosis
- Sarcoma, Kaposi/immunology
- Sarcoma, Kaposi/virology
- Virus Latency
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Affiliation(s)
- S Yao
- Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, P. R. China
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Qin D, Zhang Z, Li M. Screening of upper digestive tract cancer with dilute hydrochloric acid and alcohol in a Chinese high-risk population--a follow-up study of 12 years. Eur J Cancer Prev 2002; 11:509-11. [PMID: 12394250 DOI: 10.1097/00008469-200210000-00015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This is a 12-year follow-up study on screening with a mixture of 2% hydrochloric acid and 18% alcohol for upper digestive tract cancer in a Chinese high-risk population. A public screening for upper digestive tract cancer was conducted from November 1979 to May 1984 by giving a mixture of 2% hydrochloric acid and 18% alcohol to 7280 subjects in high-risk population in Yaocun village, Linxian County, Henan province. The subjects were given 15 ml of this mixture in the morning or at noon before lunch when fasting. Five minutes later, irritative reactions (retrosternal discomfort, warmth, pain or pyrosis) was felt in subjects suffering from oesophageal cancer, oesophagitis, gastritis, mucosal dysplasia or ulcer (positive group). Those with normal oesophageal or gastric mucosa felt nothing (negative group). The overall positive rate was 23.2% (1689/7280). In oesophageal or gastric cancer subjects, the positive rate of these symptoms was 88.7%. In subjects with mucosal dysplasia, it was 71.2%. A total of 26 upper digestive tract cancer patients were found. As a result of 12 years' follow-up, 271 persons with upper digestive tract cancer among the 1689 positive group subjects have been discovered, giving an annual morbidity rate of 1.34%. Among the 5591 negative group subjects, 136 persons have been found to suffer from this cancer, giving an annual morbidity rate of 0.2%. This illustrated that the annual morbidity rate of upper digestive tract cancer in the positive group was 6.65 times of that of the negative group ( <0.0001). In conclusion, screening of upper digestive tract cancer with dilute hydrochloric acid in alcohol is simple, safe, non-traumatic, effective and readily acceptable in a high-risk area in China. It may be feasible in other parts of the world, especially the developing countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Qin
- Departments of Radiation Oncology and Early Cancer Detection, Cancer Institute (Hospital), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Pan Jia Yuan, PO Box 2258, Beijing 100021, China.
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Qin D, Yu L. [A limonoid from the Chinese drug dong-feng-jie (Atalantia buxifolia)]. Yao Xue Xue Bao 2002; 33:34-6. [PMID: 11938932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
A new limonoid was isolated from the ethanol extract of dried roots and stems of Atalantia buxifolia (Poir) Oliv.. Based on chemical properties and spectral analysis, including 1H- and 13CNMR, DEPT, MS, IR and UV spectra, its structure have been identified as: 6-deoxy-6 alpha-acetoxyatalantin acetate. This compound was isolated from this plant for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Qin
- Guangdong Institute of Materia Medica, Guangzhou 510180
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Wang Z, Fu S, Chen Y, Qin D. Modulation of nitric oxide on lymphokine-activated killer cells in patients with bladder cancer. Chin Med Sci J 2001; 16:213. [PMID: 12903758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Z Wang
- Institute of Urology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Lanzhou Medical College, Lanzhou 730030
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Qin D, Ou G, Mo H, Song Y, Kang G, Hu Y, Gu X. Improved efficacy of chemotherapy for glioblastoma by radiation-induced opening of blood-brain barrier: clinical results. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2001; 51:959-62. [PMID: 11704317 DOI: 10.1016/s0360-3016(01)01735-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To improve the efficacy of chemotherapy for glioblastoma through the radiation-induced opening of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). METHODS AND MATERIALS In two previous articles, we have described the results of brain scanning using technetium 99m-labeled somatostatin and the measurement of methotrexate (MTX) concentrations in blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) after i.v. injection. We discovered that the BBB and blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier opened to a certain extent after 20- to 40-Gy irradiation, thus increasing the degree to which MTX permeated the brain tissue. On the basis of these findings, we retrospectively analyzed the outcome in 56 patients with glioblastoma given either chemotherapy (CCNU) after 20- to 40-Gy irradiation (28 patients) or radiation therapy alone (28 patients). RESULTS The 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates were 57.14%, 22.50%, and 15.00% in the combined-therapy group and 17.86%, 7.14%, and 3.57% in the radiotherapy alone group, respectively. The respective median survival times were 29.11 +/- 6.99 and 9.86 +/- 3.45 months (p < 0.001), which represented a statistically significant difference. CONCLUSION Our study further confirms that opening of the BBB induced by irradiation with 20-40 Gy may optimize the effects of intracranial chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Qin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE The hypothesis being tested in the present study is that increased anisotropic properties occurs in the remodeled post-infarction heart due to spatial alterations in Kv channels expression and K(+) currents of the remodeled myocardium. METHODS Three to 4 weeks post myocardial infarction (MI) in the rat, we measured the two components of the outward K(+) current, I(to-fast (f)) and I(to-slow(s)) in the epicardium (epi) and endocardium (endo) of noninfarcted remodeled left ventricle (LV) using patch clamp techniques. Alterations in mRNA and/or protein levels of potassium channel genes Kv1.4, Kv1.5, Kv2.1, Kv4.2 and Kv4.3 were measured in epi, midmyocardium (mid), and endo regions of LV and in the right ventricle (RV). RESULTS In sham operated rat heart, the density of I(to-f) was 2.3 times greater in epi compared to endo myocytes. In post-MI heart, the density of I(to-f) and I(to-s) decreased to a similar degree in LV epi and endo but the difference in I(to-f) density between epi and endo persisted. The mRNA and/or protein levels of Kv1.4, Kv2.1, Kv4.2 and Kv4.3 but not Kv1.5 decreased to a varying extent in different regions of LV but not in RV of post-MI heart. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that regional downregulation of Kv channels expression and density of K(+) currents can be a significant determinant of increased spatial electrophysiological heterogeneity and contribute to increased electrical instability of the post-MI heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Huang
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Box 1199, State University of New York Health Science Center and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 450 Clarkson Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA
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Zhou Z, Wang K, Yang X, Huang S, Zhou L, Qin D, Du L. Synchronization of separation and determination based on multichannel mode-filtered light detection with capillary electrophoresis. Analyst 2001; 126:1838-40. [PMID: 11763052 DOI: 10.1039/b108101m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel method for the synchronization of separation and determination is described, in which a mode-filtered light detector is used as an online detector in capillary electrophoresis. An instrument is described which has been developed for this purpose. The round capillary used in conventional capillary electrophoresis is replaced by an annular column, which is constructed from a naked optical fibre inserted into a fused-silica capillary. In fact, the annular electrophoresis column itself forms part of the mode-filtered light sensor. Along the side of the annular column are several detection channels for gathering and transmitting the mode-filtered light to a charge-coupled device (CCD). Every channel provides information on the sample from the point at which it is located. Using capillary isotachophoresis incorporating the annular column, the analytes in a sample containing alanine (10.0 mM) and glycine (9.7 mM) were simultaneously separated and determined using multichannel mode-filtered light detection with a detection limit of 1.5 mM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, PR China
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Fischer BS, Qin D, Kim K, McDonald TV. Capsaicin inhibits Jurkat T-cell activation by blocking calcium entry current I(CRAC). J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2001; 299:238-46. [PMID: 11561085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Capacitative calcium entry (CCE) through stores-operated Ca2+ channels is an absolute requirement for normal activation of T lymphocytes. Organic blockers/inhibitors of the channel(s) that carry the inward Ca2+ current (I(CRAC)) responsible for CCE are few. Here we show that capsaicin, the pungent ingredient of hot chili pepper, blocks receptor-stimulated Ca2+ entry in Jurkat T cells. Indo-1 measurements of intracellular calcium show that capsaicin blocks CCE without affecting release of inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate-sensitive internal Ca2+ stores with an IC50 of 32 microM. Block of Ca2+ entry by capsaicin is identical whether CCE is evoked by T-cell receptor (TCR) stimulation, heterologous muscarinic M1 receptor stimulation, or via thapsigargin depletion of internal Ca2+ stores. Patch-clamp experiments show that capsaicin rapidly and reversibly blocks I(CRAC) with an identical dose response as seen with indo-1 measurements. The major voltage-gated K+ channel in Jurkat cells, Kv1.3, is also blocked by capsaicin. Although Kv1.3 block may contribute to reducing CCE by changes in membrane potential, block of I(CRAC) is the primary mechanism by which capsaicin reduces CCE. Capsaicin analogs capsazepine and resiniferatoxin also produce inhibition of CCE via block of I(CRAC). Upon application of capsaicin to Jurkat cells in culture we observed an inhibition of interleukin-2 (IL-2) production in response to TCR stimulation. The dose dependence of capsaicin's reduction of IL-2 was comparable with its block of I(CRAC), thereby illustrating the functional relevance of capsaicin's block of lymphocyte CCE. Thus, capsaicin and its numerous analogs may have potential use as immunomodulatory drugs and should be further investigated in models of inflammation and T-cell activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- B S Fischer
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA
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Deng L, Huang B, Qin D, Ganguly K, El-Sherif N. Calcineurin inhibition ameliorates structural, contractile, and electrophysiologic consequences of postinfarction remodeling. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2001; 12:1055-61. [PMID: 11573696 DOI: 10.1046/j.1540-8167.2001.01055.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION After myocardial infarction (MI), the heart undergoes an adaptive remodeling process characterized by hypertrophy of the noninfarcted myocardium. Calcineurin, a Ca2+-calmodulin-regulated phosphatase, has been shown to participate in hypertrophic signal transduction. METHODS AND RESULTS We investigated the effects of calcineurin inhibition by cyclosporin A on key structural, contractile, and electrophysiologic alterations of post-MI remodeling. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups: (1) sham-operated; (2) sham + cyclosporin A; (3) post-MI (left anterior descending coronary artery ligation); and (4) MI + cyclosporin A. Cyclosporin A (25 mg/kg/day) was initiated 2 days before surgery and continued for 30 days. Hypertrophy was evaluated by echocardiography and by changes in membrane capacitance of isolated myocytes from noninfarcted left ventricle (LV). The effects of cyclosporin A on hemodynamics and cardiac dimensions were investigated, and changes in diastolic function were correlated with changes in protein phosphatase 1 activity and the basal level of phosphorylated phospholamban. The effects of cyclosporin A on Kv4.2/Kv4.3 genes expression and transient outward K+ current (I(to)) density also were evaluated. One of 12 rats in the post-MI group and 2 of 12 rats in the post-MI + cyclosporin A group died within 48 hours after MI. There were no late deaths in either MI group. There was no evidence of heart failure (lung congestion and/or pleural effusion) in the two groups 4 weeks post-MI. Calcineurin phosphatase activity increased 1.9-fold in post-MI remodeled LV myocardium, and cyclosporin A administration resulted in an 86% decrease in activity. There were statistically significant decreases of LV end-diastolic pressure, LV end-diastolic diameter, and LV relative wall thickness in the post-MI + cyclosporin A group compared with the post-MI group. On the other hand, there was no significant difference in LV end-systolic diameter or peak rate of LV pressure increase between the two post-MI groups. Protein phosphatase 1 activity was elevated by 36% in the post-MI group compared with sham, and this correlated with a 79% decrease in basal level of p16-phospholamban. In the post-MI + cyclosporin A group, the increase in protein phosphatase 1 activity was much less (18% vs 36%; P < 0.05), and the decrease in basal level of p16-phospholamban was markedly ameliorated (20% vs 79%; P < 0.01). The decreases in mRNA levels of Kv4.2 and Kv4.3 and I(to) density in the LV of the post-MI + cyclosporin A group were significantly less compared with the post-MI group. CONCLUSION Our results show that calcineurin inhibition by cyclosporin A partially ameliorated post-MI remodeled hypertrophy, diastolic dysfunction, decrease in basal level of phosphorylated phospholamban, down-regulation of key K+ genes expression, and decrease of K+ current, with no adverse effects on systolic function or mortality in the first 4 weeks after MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Deng
- Department of Medicine, State University of New York Health Science Center, Brooklyn 11203, USA
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Abstract
Follicular dendritic cells (FDCs) are potent accessory cells for B cells, but the molecular basis of their activity is not understood. Several important molecules involved in FDC-B-cell interactions are indicated by blocking the ligands and receptors on FDCs and/or B cells. The engagement of CD21 in the B-cell coreceptor complex by complement-derived CD21 ligand on FDCs delivers a crucial signal that dramatically augments the stimulation delivered by the binding of antigen to the B-cell receptor (BCR). The engagement of Fc gamma receptor IIB (FcgammaRIIB) by the Ig crystallizable fragment (Fc) in antigen-antibody complexes held on FDCs decreases the activation of immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibition motifs (ITIMs), mediated by the crosslinking of BCR and FcgammaRIIB. Thus, FDCs minimize a negative B-cell signal. In short, these ligand-receptor interactions help to signal to B cells and meet a requirement for B-cell stimulation that goes beyond the necessity of T-cell help.
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Affiliation(s)
- J G Tew
- Dept of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Virginia, Virginia Commonwealth University, PO Box 980678, Richmond, VA 23298-0678, USA.
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Cui J, Kagan A, Qin D, Mathew J, Melman YF, McDonald TV. Analysis of the cyclic nucleotide binding domain of the HERG potassium channel and interactions with KCNE2. J Biol Chem 2001; 276:17244-51. [PMID: 11278781 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m010904200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the cyclic nucleotide binding domain (CNBD) of the human ether-a-go-go-related gene (HERG) K+ channel are associated with LQT2, a form of hereditary Long QT syndrome (LQTS). Elevation of cAMP can modulate HERG K+ channels both by direct binding and indirect regulation through protein kinase A. To assess the physiological significance of cAMP binding to HERG, we introduced mutations to disrupt the cyclic nucleotide binding domain. Eight mutants including two naturally occurring LQT2 mutants V822M and R823W were constructed. Relative cAMP binding capacity was reduced or absent in CNBD mutants. Mutant homotetramers carry little or no K+ current despite normal protein abundance and surface expression. Co-expression of mutant and wild-type HERG resulted in currents with altered voltage dependence but without dominant current suppression. The data from co-expression of V822M and wild-type HERG best fit a model where one normal subunit within a tetramer allows nearly normal current expression. The presence of KCNE2, an accessory protein that associates with HERG, however, conferred a partially dominant current suppression by CNBD mutants. Thus KCNE2 plays a pivotal role in determining the phenotypic severity of some forms of LQT2, which suggests that the CNBD of HERG may be involved in its interaction with KCNE2.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Cui
- Section of Molecular Cardiology, Departments of Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA
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Qin D, Huang B, Deng L, El-Adawi H, Ganguly K, Sowers JR, El-Sherif N. Downregulation of K(+) channel genes expression in type I diabetic cardiomyopathy. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2001; 283:549-53. [PMID: 11341759 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.2001.4825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Type I diabetic cardiomyopathy has consistently been shown to be associated with decrease of repolarising K(+) currents, but the mechanisms responsible for the decrease are not well defined. We investigated the streptozotocin (STZ) rat model of type I diabetes. We utilized RNase protection assay and Western blot analysis to investigate the message expression and protein density of key cardiac K(+) channel genes in the diabetic rat left ventricular (LV) myocytes. Our results show that message and protein density of Kv2.1, Kv4.2, and Kv4.3 are significantly decreased as early as 14 days following induction of type I diabetes in the rat. The results demonstrate, for the first time, that insulin-deficient type I diabetes is associated with early downregulation of the expression of key cardiac K(+) channel genes that could account for the depression of cardiac K(+) currents, I(to-f) and I(to-s). These represent the main electrophysiological abnormality in diabetic cardiomyopathy and is known to enhance the arrhythmogenecity of the diabetic heart. The findings also extend the extensive list of gene expression regulation by insulin.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Qin
- Department of Veterans Affairs, New York Harbor Healthcare System, Brooklyn Campus, Brooklyn, New York, 11209, USA
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