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Zhang QY, Zhang LX, Han DH, Jiao XC, Zheng Z, Guo K, Yang YS. [Expression of endosialin in human hypertrophic scars and its regulation on fibroblast phenotype]. Zhonghua Shao Shang Yu Chuang Mian Xiu Fu Za Zhi 2023; 39:1168-1174. [PMID: 38129304 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501225-20231030-00154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the expression of endosialin, i.e., CD248 in human hypertrophic scars (HSs) and its regulatory effect on the phenotype of hypertrophic scar fibroblasts (HSFs). Methods: The method of experimental research was used. From March to May, 2023, 3 pediatric patients with HS were admitted to the Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, including 2 females and 1 male, aged one year ten months to two years. The HS tissue resected during the surgery and the remaining full-thickness skin graft, i.e., normal skin tissue after full-thickness skin grafting were collected from the aforementioned pediatric patients for subsequent experiments. Using the aforementioned two types of tissue, the histological structures were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining, collagen distribution was observed by Masson staining, and the expression of CD248 was observed and measured by immunohistochemical staining. The primary HSFs were isolated from HS tissue using explant culture technique, and the 3rd to 5th passages of HSFs were used in subsequent experiments. According to the random number table, HSFs were divided into immunoglobulin G78 (IgG78)-treated group and IgG control group, which were treated with 200 nmol/L human CD248 monoclonal antibody IgG78 and human IgG control antibody for 24 h, respectively. The mRNA expressions of collagen type Ⅰ (Col Ⅰ) and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in HSFs were measured by real-time fluorescence quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, the protein expressions of Col Ⅰ and α-SMA in HSFs were detected by Western blotting, and the intracellular location and protein expressions of Col Ⅰ and α-SMA were detected by immunofluorescence method. The number of samples in each experiment was 3. Data were statistically analyzed with paired sample t test and independent sample t test. Results: Compared with those in normal skin tissue, the epidermis and dermis in HS tissue were significantly thicker, with massive accumulation and disordered arrangement of collagen in the dermis. The expression of CD248 in HS tissue was significantly upregulated compared with that in normal skin tissue (t=5.29, P<0.05). At post treatment hour 24, the mRNA expressions of Col Ⅰ and α-SMA of HSFs in IgG78-treated group were 0.39±0.05 and 0.56±0.09, respectively, which were significantly lower than 1.00±0.07 and 1.00±0.08 in IgG control group, respectively (with t values of 11.87 and 6.49, respectively, P values all <0.05). The protein expressions of Col Ⅰ and α-SMA of HSFs in IgG78-treated group were 0.617±0.011 and 0.67±0.14, respectively, which were significantly lower than 1.259±0.052 and 1.23±0.16 in IgG control group, respectively (with t values of 20.92 and 4.52, respectively, P values all <0.05). At post treatment hour 24, immunofluorescence staining showed that Col Ⅰ and α-SMA mainly located in the cytoplasm of HSFs in the two groups, and the protein expressions of Col Ⅰ and α-SMA of HSFs in IgG78-treated group were obviously downregulated compared with those in IgG control group. Conclusions: The expression of CD248 is significantly upregulated in human HS. Targeted blockade of CD248 can significantly inhibit the collagen synthesis by HSFs and the transdifferentiation of HSFs into myofibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Y Zhang
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Burn Center of PLA, the First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China The Third Student Battalion, School of Basic Medical Sciences of Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - L X Zhang
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Burn Center of PLA, the First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - D H Han
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - X C Jiao
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Burn Center of PLA, the First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Z Zheng
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Burn Center of PLA, the First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - K Guo
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Burn Center of PLA, the First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Y S Yang
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Burn Center of PLA, the First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
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Han S, Ma JY, Zhang XF, Wang H, Sun X, Ma X, Liu J, Guo S, Han DH, Si XM. [Preliminary study on differentially expressed proteins in a mouse model of secondary cystic echinococcosis based on data independent acquisition proteomics]. Zhongguo Xue Xi Chong Bing Fang Zhi Za Zhi 2022; 34:41-51. [PMID: 35266356 DOI: 10.16250/j.32.1374.2021211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify the differentially expressed proteins in different liver tissues in the mouse model of cystic echinococcosis (CE), so as to provide insights into the research and development of therapeutic drugs targeting CE. METHODS Female Kunming mice at ages of 6 to 8 weeks were randomly assigned into the CE group and the control group. Mice in the CE group were intraperitoneally infected with 2 000 Echinococcus multilocularis protoscoleces, while mice in the control group were injected with the same volume of physiological saline. All mice in both groups were sacrificed after breeding for 350 d, and the lesions (the lesion group) and peri-lesion specimens (the peri-lesion group) were sampled from the liver of mice in the CE group and the normal liver specimens (the normal group) were sampled from mice in the control group for data independent acquisition (DIA) proteomics analysis, and the differentially expressed proteins were subjected to Gene Ontology (GO) term enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis. RESULTS A total of 26 differentially expressed proteins were identified between the lesion group and the normal group and between the peri-lesion group and the normal group, including 8 up-regulated proteins and 18 down-regulated proteins. GO term enrichment analysis showed that these differentially expressed proteins were predominantly enriched in endoplasmic reticulum membrane (biological components), oxidoreductase activity (molecular function) and oxoacid metabolic process and monocarboxylic acid metabolic process (biological processes). KEGG pathway enrichment analysis revealed that the differentially expressed protein Acyl-CoA oxidase 1 (Acox1), which contributed to primary bile acid biosynthesis during the fatty acid oxidation, was involved in peroxisome signaling pathway, and the differentially expressed protein fatty acid binding protein 1 (Fabp1), which contributed to fatty acid transport, was involved in the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS Differentially expressed proteins are identified in the liver specimens between mouse models of CE and normal mice, and some differentially expressed proteins may serve as potential drug targets for CE.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Han
- Qinghai University School of Medicine, Xining, Qinghai 810001, China
| | - J Y Ma
- Qinghai Provincial Endemic Disease Prevention and Control Institute, Xining, Qinghai 811602, China
| | - X F Zhang
- Qinghai Provincial Endemic Disease Prevention and Control Institute, Xining, Qinghai 811602, China
| | - H Wang
- Qinghai Provincial Endemic Disease Prevention and Control Institute, Xining, Qinghai 811602, China
| | - X Sun
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, China
| | - X Ma
- Qinghai Provincial Endemic Disease Prevention and Control Institute, Xining, Qinghai 811602, China
| | - J Liu
- Qinghai Provincial Endemic Disease Prevention and Control Institute, Xining, Qinghai 811602, China
| | - S Guo
- Qinghai Provincial Endemic Disease Prevention and Control Institute, Xining, Qinghai 811602, China
| | - D H Han
- Qinghai Provincial Endemic Disease Prevention and Control Institute, Xining, Qinghai 811602, China
| | - X M Si
- Qinghai University School of Medicine, Xining, Qinghai 810001, China
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Si XM, Ma JY, Zhang XF, Wang H, Sun X, Ma X, Wang W, Liu YF, Liu J, Guo S, Han DH, Han S. [Preliminary study on differentially expressed proteins in a mouse model of secondary alveolar echinococcosis based on data independent acquisition proteomics]. Zhongguo Xue Xi Chong Bing Fang Zhi Za Zhi 2022; 34:52-58. [PMID: 35266357 DOI: 10.16250/j.32.1374.2021221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify the differentially expressed proteins in different liver tissues in the mouse model of alveolar echinococcosis using high-resolution mass spectrometry with data independent acquisition (DIA), and to identify the key proteins contributing to the pathogenesis of alveolar echinococcosis. METHODS Protoscoleces were isolated from Microtus fuscus with alveolar echinococcosis and the experimental model of alveolar echinococcosis was established in female Kunming mice aged 6 to 8 weeks by infection with Echinococcus multilocularis protoscoleces. Mice were divided into the experimental and control groups, and animals in the experimental group was injected with approximately 3 000 protoscoleces, while mice in the control group were injected with the same volume of physiological saline. Mouse liver specimens were sampled from both groups one year post-infection and subjected to pathological examinations. In addition, the lesions (the lesion group) and peri-lesion specimens (the peri-lesion group) were sampled from the liver of mice in the experimental group and the normal liver specimens (the normal group) were sampled from mice in the control group for DIA proteomics analysis, and the differentially expressed proteins were subjected to bioinformatics analysis. RESULTS A total of 1 020 differentially expressed proteins were identified between the lesion group and the normal group, including 671 up-regulated proteins and 349 down-regulated proteins, and 495 differentially expressed proteins were identified between the peri-lesion group and the normal group, including 327 up-regulated proteins and 168 down-regulated proteins. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis revealed that these differentially expressed proteins were involved in peroxisome, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) and fatty acid degradation pathways, and the peroxisome and PPAR signaling pathways were found to correlate with liver injury. Several differentially expressed proteins that may contribute to the pathogenesis of alveolar echinococcosis were identified in these two pathways, including fatty acid binding protein 1 (Fabp1), Acyl-CoA synthetase long chain family member 1 (Acsl1), Acyl-CoA oxidase 1 (Acox1), Enoyl-CoA hydratase and 3-hydroxyacyl CoA dehydrogenase (Ehhadh) and Acetyl-Coenzyme A acyltransferase 1B (Acaa1b), which were down-regulated in mice in the experimental group. CONCLUSIONS A large number of differentially expressed proteins are identified in the liver of the mouse model of alveolar echinococcosis, and Fabp1, Acsl1, Acox1, Ehhadh and Acaa1b may contribute to the pathogenesis of alveolar echinococcosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- X M Si
- Qinghai University School of Medicine, Xining, Qinghai 810001, China
- Qinghai Provincial Endemic Disease Prevention and Control Institute, Xining, Qinghai 810001, China
| | - J Y Ma
- Qinghai Provincial Endemic Disease Prevention and Control Institute, Xining, Qinghai 810001, China
| | - X F Zhang
- Qinghai Provincial Endemic Disease Prevention and Control Institute, Xining, Qinghai 810001, China
| | - H Wang
- Qinghai Provincial Endemic Disease Prevention and Control Institute, Xining, Qinghai 810001, China
| | - X Sun
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, China
| | - X Ma
- Qinghai Provincial Endemic Disease Prevention and Control Institute, Xining, Qinghai 810001, China
| | - W Wang
- Qinghai Provincial Endemic Disease Prevention and Control Institute, Xining, Qinghai 810001, China
| | - Y F Liu
- Qinghai Provincial Endemic Disease Prevention and Control Institute, Xining, Qinghai 810001, China
| | - J Liu
- Qinghai Provincial Endemic Disease Prevention and Control Institute, Xining, Qinghai 810001, China
| | - S Guo
- Qinghai Provincial Endemic Disease Prevention and Control Institute, Xining, Qinghai 810001, China
| | - D H Han
- Qinghai Provincial Endemic Disease Prevention and Control Institute, Xining, Qinghai 810001, China
| | - S Han
- Qinghai University School of Medicine, Xining, Qinghai 810001, China
- Qinghai Provincial Endemic Disease Prevention and Control Institute, Xining, Qinghai 810001, China
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Kim JY, Hwang D, Jang M, Rhee CS, Han DH. Clinical effectiveness of house dust mite immunotherapy in mono- versus poly-sensitised patients with allergic rhinitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Rhinology 2021; 59:352-359. [PMID: 34180463 DOI: 10.4193/rhin20.588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Selecting an appropriate allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) regimen for polysensitised allergic rhinitis (AR) patients is challenging for clinicians. Although previous studies showed comparable effectiveness of single-allergen AIT with house dust mite (HDM) extract between monosensitised and polysensitised AR patients, there is no systematic review and meta-analysis demonstrating the comparable effectiveness of HDM AIT. In this meta-analysis, we analysed nine studies to compare the clinical effectiveness of HDM AIT. The primary outcome was nasal symptom score and secondary outcomes were medication and quality of life scores. The changes in nasal symptom score after HDM AIT did not significantly differ between monosensitised and polysensitised patients. The clinical effectiveness of HDM AIT regarding medication and quality of life score was not significantly different between monosensitised and polysensitised patients). In conclusion, single-allergen AIT with HDM extract showed comparable clinical effectiveness between polysensitised and monosensitised patients with AR.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology "Head and Neck Surgery, Ilsan Hospital, Dongguk University, Goyang, Gyeonggi, Korea 2 Interdisciplinary Program of Medical Informatics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - D Hwang
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiovascular Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - M Jang
- Medical Research Collaborating Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - C S Rhee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Graduate School of Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, and Sensory Organ Research Institute, Seoul National University Biomedical Research Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - D H Han
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Kwon HJ, Jeon J, Kim DH, Jang HR, Sung HH, Han DH, Park JB, Lee JE, Huh W, Kim SJ, Kim YG, Kim DJ, Oh HY. Clinical Impact of a Protocolized Kidney Donor Follow-up System. Transplant Proc 2019; 51:692-700. [PMID: 30979452 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2018.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adequate kidney donor management after donation is increasingly emphasized due to concerns of renal function impairment after nephrectomy with increasing life expectancy. In this study, the clinical impact of a protocolized kidney donor follow-up system by nephrologists was evaluated. METHODS A total of 427 living kidney donors underwent nephrectomy from January 2010 to December 2014 and were followed for at least 2 years at the Samsung Medical Center. Donors were followed-up by nephrologists after the establishment of a donor clinic with systemized protocols in January 2013. The primary outcomes were incidence of post-donation low estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and renal function adaptability. Secondary outcomes were changes in compliance and incidence of hyperuricemia and microalbuminuria. RESULTS The patients were divided into 2 groups according to the time of nephrectomy: the pre-donor clinic period (n = 182) and the donor clinic period (n = 172). Preoperative eGFR in patients in the pre-donor clinic period was higher than that in patients in the donor clinic period. After donation, poor renal adaptation was less frequent in the donor clinic period compared to the pre-donor clinic period. Low eGFR tended to be less common during the donor clinic period. Shorter mean outpatient clinic visit intervals with more visits within 6 months after donation and earlier detection of de novo hyperuricemia were found during the donor clinic period. CONCLUSION A protocolized donor clinic run by nephrologists may improve post-nephrectomy renal outcomes and compliance and facilitate better management of potential risk factors of chronic kidney disease in donors.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Kwon
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J Jeon
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - D H Kim
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H R Jang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - H H Sung
- Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - D H Han
- Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J B Park
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J E Lee
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - W Huh
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S J Kim
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y G Kim
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - D J Kim
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H Y Oh
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Kim MJ, Jung HO, Jeon DS, Han DH, Park HE, Choi SY, Sung JD, Chang HJ. P4455Differential impact of cardiovascular risk factors on aorta and coronary artery aging. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy563.p4455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M.-J Kim
- Incheon St.Mary's hospital, Incheon, Korea Republic of
| | - H O Jung
- Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Seoul, Korea Republic of
| | - D S Jeon
- Incheon St.Mary's hospital, Incheon, Korea Republic of
| | - D H Han
- Yonsei Cardiovascular Center, Seoul, Korea Republic of
| | - H E Park
- Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea Republic of
| | - S Y Choi
- Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea Republic of
| | - J D Sung
- Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea Republic of
| | - H J Chang
- Yonsei Cardiovascular Center, Seoul, Korea Republic of
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Kwon HJ, Kim DH, Jang HR, Jung SH, Han DH, Sung HH, Park JB, Lee JE, Huh W, Kim SJ, Kim YG, Kim DJ, Oh HY. Predictive Factors of Renal Adaptation After Nephrectomy in Kidney Donors. Transplant Proc 2017; 49:1999-2006. [PMID: 29149951 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2017.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Revised: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite compensatory hyperfiltration in remaining nephrons following donor nephrectomy, some donors show impaired renal adaptation and low estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). We investigated the factors predicting early renal adaptation after nephrectomy and identified kidney donors at risk of inadequate renal adaptation. METHODS A total of 265 living kidney donors from 2010 to 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. Renal function was serially followed for 6 months after the operation. Regression analyses were performed to identify the independent predictors of low eGFR (eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m2) and impaired renal adaptation (%Modification of Diet in Renal Disease [MDRD] <66% of baseline eGFR). RESULTS A total of 148 donors belonged to the low eGFR group, and changes in eGFR (ΔeGFR) at postoperative (PO) 1 day and 1 month were identified as independent predictors of low eGFR. Impaired renal adaptation was related to age, ΔeGFR PO 2-3 days, and ΔeGFR PO 1 month. Early renal adaptation was associated with age, male gender, and residual kidney computerized tomography angiography (CTA) volume. The best sensitivity and specificity were obtained with a cutoff value of ΔeGFR 31 at PO 1 day and 1 month for predicting low eGFR and with a value of ΔeGFR 27 at PO 2-3 days and 1 month for predicting impaired renal adaptation. CONCLUSIONS Our study showed that the degree of early renal adaptation determines subsequent renal function in kidney donors. Closer monitoring and management may be required in old or male donors with small residual CTA kidney volume as well as donors with persistent ΔeGFR >27 within 1 month of nephrectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Kwon
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - D H Kim
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - H R Jang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | - S-H Jung
- Biostatics and Clinical Epidemiology Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - D H Han
- Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - H H Sung
- Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - J B Park
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - J E Lee
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - W Huh
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S J Kim
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Y-G Kim
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - D J Kim
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - H Y Oh
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Choo SH, Lee SW, Chae MR, Kang SJ, Sung HH, Han DH, Chun JN, Park JK, Kim CY, Kim HK, So I. Effects of eupatilin on the contractility of corpus cavernosal smooth muscle through nitric oxide-independent pathways. Andrology 2017; 5:1016-1022. [PMID: 28719725 DOI: 10.1111/andr.12397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Revised: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Eupatilin (5,7-dihydroxy-3,4,6-trimethoxyflavone) is one of the main compounds present in Artemisia species. Eupatilin has both antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties and a relaxation effect on vascular contraction regardless of endothelial function. We evaluated the relaxant effects of eupatilin on the corpus cavernosum (CC) of rabbits and the underlying mechanisms of its activity in human corpus cavernosum smooth muscle (CCSM) cells. Isolated rabbit CC strips were mounted in an organ bath system. A conventional whole-cell patch clamp technique was used to measure activation of calcium-sensitive K+ -channel currents in human CCSM cells. The relaxation effect of eupatilin was evaluated by cumulative addition (10-5 m ~ 3 × 10-4 m) to CC strips precontracted with 10-5 m phenylephrine. Western blotting analysis was performed to measure myosin phosphatase targeting subunit 1 (MYPT1) and protein kinase C-potentiated inhibitory protein for heterotrimeric myosin light chain phosphatase of 17-kDa (CPI-17) expression and to evaluate the effect of eupatilin on the RhoA/Rho-kinase pathway. Eupatilin effectively relaxed the phenylephrine-induced tone in the rabbit CC strips in a concentration-dependent manner with an estimated EC50 value of 1.2 ± 1.6 × 10-4 m (n = 8, p < 0.05). Iberiotoxin and tetraethylammonium significantly reduced the relaxation effect (n = 8, p < 0.001 and p = 0.003, respectively). Removal of the endothelium or the presence of L-NAME or indomethacin did not affect the relaxation effect of eupatilin. In CCSM cells, the extracellular application of eupatilin 10-4 m significantly increased the outward currents, and the eupatilin-stimulated currents were significantly attenuated by treatment with 10-7 m iberiotoxin (n = 13, p < 0.05). Eupatilin reduced the phosphorylation level of MYPT1 at Thr853 of MLCP and CPI-17 at Thr38. Eupatilin-induced relaxation of the CCSM cells via NO-independent pathways. The relaxation effects of eupatilin on CCSM cells were partially due to activation of BKCa channels and inhibition of RhoA/Rho-kinase.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Choo
- Department of Urology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - S W Lee
- Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - M R Chae
- Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S J Kang
- Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - H H Sung
- Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - D H Han
- Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - J N Chun
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - J K Park
- Department of Urology, Institute for Medical Sciences, Medical School, Chonbuk National University, Research Institute and Clinical Trial Center of Medical Device of Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Korea
| | - C Y Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan, Korea
| | - H K Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Kyungsung University, Busan, Korea
| | - I So
- Department of Physiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Sung HH, Han DH, Kim TH, Lee YS, Lee HN, Seo JT, Choo MS, Lee KS. Interventions do not enhance medication persistence and compliance in patients with overactive bladder: a 24 weeks, randomised, open-label, multi-center trial. Int J Clin Pract 2015. [PMID: 26215431 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.12705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Anticholinergics are currently the mainstay for the management of overactive bladder (OAB). However, low drug adherence has been noted with these medications. The aim of this study was to determine whether a health education intervention (HEI) could improve drug persistence with anticholinergics in OAB patients. METHODS We enrolled 682 OAB patients who were randomly distributed into either the HEI plus fesoterodine (HEI) group or the fesoterodine alone (control) group. The HEI consists of four education sections: understanding OAB disease, dietary control, bladder training and understanding anticholinergics. The primary end-point was the difference in drug persistence between the HEI and control groups at 24 weeks. Persistence was defined as a gap ≤ 30 days between successive prescription pills. RESULTS Among the 682 patients, 210 (30.8%) completed 24 weeks of study. Persistence of the HEI group at 6 months was not statistically higher than that of the control group (40.4% vs. 34.9%, p = 0.181). Compliance at 6 months was also similar between the two groups (38.5% vs. 32.5%, p = 0.128). Using OAB symptom score questionnaire, the efficacy of the two groups was not different at each follow-up (p > 0.05). The global response was similar between the two groups. However, the HEI group was more satisfied with treatment than the control group (p = 0.034). The most common reason for discontinuation was satisfaction with the treatment so that they did not need to follow-up, followed by inadequate efficacy in both groups. Adverse events were reported in 12.3% of patients. CONCLUSIONS The health education intervention was not effective to increase drug persistence in OAB patients on anticholinergics.
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Affiliation(s)
- H H Sung
- Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 06351, Korea
| | - D H Han
- Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 06351, Korea
| | - T H Kim
- Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 06351, Korea
| | - Y-S Lee
- Department of Urology, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, Korea
| | - H N Lee
- Department of Urology, Seoul Seonam Hospital, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - J T Seo
- Department of Urology, Cheil General Hospital & Women's Healthcare Center, Dankook University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - M-S Choo
- Department of Urology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - K-S Lee
- Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 06351, Korea
- Department of Medical Device Management & Research, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, 06351, Korea
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10
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Park S, Lee JM, Kim JW, Cho DY, Yun HJ, Han DH, Cheong JH, Kim BN. Associations between serotonin transporter gene (SLC6A4) methylation and clinical characteristics and cortical thickness in children with ADHD. Psychol Med 2015; 45:3009-3017. [PMID: 26017091 DOI: 10.1017/s003329171500094x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common, highly heritable psychiatric disorder. Additionally, environmental factors such as perinatal stress and early adversities contribute to the occurrence and severity of ADHD. Recently, DNA methylation has emerged as a mechanism that potentially mediates gene-environmental interaction effects in the aetiology and phenomenology of psychiatric disorders. Here, we investigated whether serotonin transporter gene (SLC6A4) methylation patterns were associated with clinical characteristics and regional cortical thickness in children with ADHD. METHOD In 102 children with ADHD (age 6-15 years), the methylation status of the SLC6A4 promoter was measured. Brain magnetic resonance imaging was obtained and ADHD symptoms were evaluated. RESULTS A higher methylation status of the SLC6A4 promoter was significantly associated with worse clinical presentations (more hyperactive-impulsive symptoms and more commission errors). Additionally, a negative correlation was observed between SLC6A4 methylation levels and cortical thickness values in the right occipito-temporal regions. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that the SLC6A4 methylation status may be associated with certain symptoms of ADHD, such as behavioural disinhibition, and related brain changes. Future studies that use a larger sample size and a control group are required to corroborate these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Park
- Department of Psychiatry,Seoul National Hospital,Seoul,Republic of Korea
| | - J-M Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering,Hanyang University,Seoul,Republic of Korea
| | - J-W Kim
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry,Department of Psychiatry,Seoul National University College of Medicine,Seoul,Republic of Korea
| | - D-Y Cho
- Lab Genomics Clinical Research Institute,Seoul,Republic of Korea
| | - H J Yun
- Department of Biomedical Engineering,Hanyang University,Seoul,Republic of Korea
| | - D H Han
- Department of Psychiatry,College of Medicine,Chung Ang University,Seoul,Republic of Korea
| | - J H Cheong
- Uimyung Research Institute for Neuroscience,Sahmyook University,Seoul,Republic of Korea
| | - B-N Kim
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry,Department of Psychiatry,Seoul National University College of Medicine,Seoul,Republic of Korea
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11
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Lee YH, Kim YS, Lee HC, Lee SW, Kang YN, Kang JH, Hong SH, Kim YK, Kim SJ, Ahn MI, Han DH, Yoo IR, Park JG, Sung SW, Lee KY. Tumour volume changes assessed with high-quality KVCT in lung cancer patients undergoing concurrent chemoradiotherapy. Br J Radiol 2015; 88:20150156. [PMID: 26055505 DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20150156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We evaluated tumour volume changes in patients with lung cancer undergoing concurrent chemoradiotherapy using image-guided radiotherapy (RT). METHODS The kilovoltage image was obtained using CT on rail at every five fractions. The gross tumour volumes (GTVs), including the primary tumour and lymph nodes (LNs), were contoured to analyse the time and degree of tumour regression. RESULTS 46 patients [32, non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and 14, small-cell lung cancer (SCLC)] were included in this study. In total, 281 CT scans and 82 sites of GTVs were evaluated. Significant volume changes occurred in both the NSCLC and SCLC groups (p < 0.001 and 0.002), and the average GTV change compared with baseline was 49.85 ± 3.65 [standard error (SE)]% and 65.95 ± 4.60 (SE)% for the NSCLC and SCLC groups, respectively. A significant difference in the degree of volume reduction between the primary tumour and LNs was observed in only the NSCLC group (p < 0.0001) but not in the SCLC group (p = 0.735). The greatest volume regression compared with the volume before the five fractions occurred between the 15 and 20 fractions in the NSCLC group and between the 5 and 10 fractions in the SCLC group. CONCLUSION Both primary tumour and LNs were well defined using CT on rail. Significant volume changes occurred during RT, and there was a difference in volume reduction between the NSCLC and SCLC groups, regarding the degree and timing of the tumour reduction in the primary tumour and LNs. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE NSCLC and SCLC groups showed differences in the degree and timing of volume reduction. The primary tumour and LNs in NSCLC regressed differently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y H Lee
- 1 Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y S Kim
- 1 Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H C Lee
- 1 Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S W Lee
- 1 Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y N Kang
- 1 Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J H Kang
- 2 Department of Medical Oncology, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S H Hong
- 2 Department of Medical Oncology, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y K Kim
- 3 Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S J Kim
- 3 Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - M I Ahn
- 4 Department of Radiology, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, Seoul, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Republic of Korea
| | - D H Han
- 4 Department of Radiology, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, Seoul, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Republic of Korea
| | - I R Yoo
- 5 Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J G Park
- 6 Department of Thoracic Surgery, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S W Sung
- 6 Department of Thoracic Surgery, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - K Y Lee
- 7 Department of Pathology, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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12
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Park S, Lee JM, Kim JW, Cheong JH, Yun HJ, Hong YC, Kim Y, Han DH, Yoo HJ, Shin MS, Cho SC, Kim BN. Association between phthalates and externalizing behaviors and cortical thickness in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Psychol Med 2015; 45:1601-1612. [PMID: 25388623 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291714002694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have implicated the relationship between environmental phthalate exposure and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms of childhood, but no studies have been conducted in children who have a confirmed diagnosis of ADHD obtained through meticulous diagnostic testing. We aimed to determine whether phthalate metabolites in urine would be higher in children with ADHD than in those without ADHD and would correlate with symptom severity and cortical thickness in ADHD children. METHOD A cross-sectional examination of urine phthalate metabolite concentrations was performed; scores for ADHD symptoms, externalizing problems, and continuous performance tests were obtained from 180 children with ADHD, and brain-imaging data were obtained from 115 participants. For the control group, children without ADHD (N = 438) were recruited. Correlations between phthalate metabolite concentrations and clinical measures and brain cortical thickness were investigated. RESULTS Concentrations of phthalate metabolites, particularly the di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) metabolite, were significantly higher in boys with ADHD than in boys without ADHD. Concentrations of the di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) metabolite were significantly higher in the combined or hyperactive-impulsive subtypes compared to the inattentive subtype, and the metabolite was positively correlated with the severity of externalizing symptoms. Concentrations of the DEHP metabolite were negatively correlated with cortical thickness in the right middle and superior temporal gyri. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study suggest an association between phthalate concentrations and both the diagnosis and symptom severity of ADHD. Imaging findings suggest a negative impact of phthalates on regional cortical maturation in children with ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Park
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry,Seoul National Hospital,Seoul,Republic of Korea
| | - J-M Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering,Hanyang University,Seoul,Republic of Korea
| | - J-W Kim
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry,Department of Psychiatry,Seoul National University Hospital,Seoul,Republic of Korea
| | - J H Cheong
- Uimyung Research Institute for Neuroscience,Sahmyook University,Seoul,Republic of Korea
| | - H J Yun
- Department of Biomedical Engineering,Hanyang University,Seoul,Republic of Korea
| | - Y-C Hong
- Department of Preventive Medicine,Seoul National University College of MedicineandInstitute of Environmental Medicine,Seoul,Republic of Korea
| | - Y Kim
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry,Seoul National Hospital,Seoul,Republic of Korea
| | - D H Han
- Department of Psychiatry,Chung Ang University,College of Medicine,Seoul,Republic of Korea
| | - H J Yoo
- College of Medicine and Behavioral Medicine Institute,Seoul National University,Seoul,Republic of Korea
| | - M-S Shin
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry,Department of Psychiatry,Seoul National University Hospital,Seoul,Republic of Korea
| | - S-C Cho
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry,Department of Psychiatry,Seoul National University Hospital,Seoul,Republic of Korea
| | - B-N Kim
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry,Department of Psychiatry,Seoul National University Hospital,Seoul,Republic of Korea
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13
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Sung HH, Choo SH, Ko M, Kang SJ, Chae MR, Kam SC, Han DH, So I, Lee SW. Increased expression of TRPC4 channels associated with erectile dysfunction in diabetes. Andrology 2014; 2:550-8. [PMID: 24782410 DOI: 10.1111/j.2047-2927.2014.00214.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2013] [Revised: 03/09/2014] [Accepted: 03/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
In recent reports, an association between altered TRPC channel function and the development of various diabetic complications has drawn the attention of many investigators. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of TRPC4 channels of corpus smooth muscle (CSM) cells in diabetes, and to evaluate the association between erectile dysfunction (ED) and altered TRPC4 channel function. The expression of TRPC4 in the penile tissue of human, normal and diabetic rat was investigated using RT-PCR, western blotting and immunohistochemistry (IHC). In vivo gene transfer of dominant negative (DN) TRPC4 into the CSM of rat was conducted. In vivo pelvic nerve stimulation was performed to measure erectile function. Expression of TRPC1, TRPC3, TRPC4 and TRPC6 in human and rat CSM tissues was confirmed by RT-PCR, western blot and IHC. In the diabetic rat, the expression levels of mRNA and protein of the TRPC4, and TRPC6 were significantly increased compared to control rats (p < 0.05). The change in TRPC4 expression in the diabetic rats was higher than those of the other TRPC subunits (p < 0.05). The IHC showed that only TRPC4 expression had a higher intensity in the diabetes compared to normal rats (p < 0.05). Gene transfection with TRPC4(DN) into the diabetic rats restored erectile function to levels similar to that of normal controls. Gene expression of TRPC4(DN) in CSM tissue was confirmed by RT-PCR 2 weeks after transfection. This study demonstrated that TRPC4 channel expression increased in the penile CSM cells of diabetic rats. The down-regulation of TRPC4 with DN form restored erectile function in the diabetic rats. The alteration of TRPC4 channel is one of pathophysiology of ED and could be a target for drug development for ED.
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Affiliation(s)
- H H Sung
- Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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14
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Abstract
Based on the work of both Eysenck and Nideffer, we hypothesized that higher ranking players (HRP) would have lower competitive anxiety and more flexible attention-shifting, compared to lower ranking players (LRP). In addition, different patterns of attention (low anxiety and flexible attention) would be represented by a different pattern of brain activity within the temporal lobe and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. In accordance with the rookie draft ranking, the players were classified into 2 groups: HRP (top 30% of those selected in the draft) vs. LRP (bottom 30% of those selected in the draft). For assessment of executive function, a computerized version of the Wisconsin Card-sorting Test (WCST) was used. Brain activity was assessed using 1.5-Tesla functional magnetic resonance imaging. In response to scenes depicting baseball errors, HRP showed increased activation in the left cingulate cortex and decreased activation in right middle temporal gyrus, compared to LRP. In response to the simplified WCST in the scanner, HRP showed increased activation in left superior frontal cortex (DLPFC), compared to LRP. The present results suggest that HRP may demonstrate elevated cingulate activation and lower temporal cortex activation in response to scenes depicting baseball errors.
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Affiliation(s)
- D H Han
- Psychiatry, Chung Ang University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - B N Kim
- Psychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J H Cheong
- Uimyung Research Institute for Neuroscience, Samyook University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - K D Kang
- Sports Industrial Information, Chung Ang University, AnSung, Republic of Korea
| | - P F Renshaw
- Psychiatry and Brain Institute, University of Utah, Salt lake, Utah, United States
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15
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Han DH, Kim SM, Zaichkowsky L. Insecure attachment and anxiety in student athletes. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2013; 53:274-282. [PMID: 23715252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
AIM The main purpose of our research was to examine attachment type and competition anxiety in high school student athletes and general high school students. METHODS We recruited 465 student athletes and 543 general students to participate in our study. The Revised Korean version of the Experiences in Close Relationships Scale (K-ECRS) and the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 (CSAI-2) were given to all students. RESULTS In χ2 tests, athletes showed attachment types in the following order of prevalence: fearful, dismissive, and preoccupied, compared to the fearful, preoccupied, and dismissive order observed in general students. In parametric, independent t-tests, athletes reported significantly higher cognitive anxiety scores, relative to general students. Further, athletes with insecure attachment compared to those with secure attachment reported higher cognitive anxiety scores and self-confidence scores. In both the athletes with insecure attachment and general students with insecure attachment groups, the K-ECRS anxiety subscale was significantly correlated with CSAI-2 total score. In post hoc analysis in the athletes with insecure attachment group, the K-ECRS anxiety subscale was also significantly correlated with the CSAI-2 cognitive anxiety subscale. CONCLUSION These results suggest that anxious athletes with an insecure attachment style tend to exaggerate threats from both external and internal sources, which negatively affect their performances.
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Affiliation(s)
- D H Han
- Department of Psychiatry, Chung‑Ang University Medical School , Seoul, South Korea
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16
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Parikh V, Howe WM, Welchko RM, Naughton SX, D'Amore DE, Han DH, Deo M, Turner DL, Sarter M. Diminished trkA receptor signaling reveals cholinergic-attentional vulnerability of aging. Eur J Neurosci 2013; 37:278-93. [PMID: 23228124 PMCID: PMC3932048 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.12090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2012] [Accepted: 11/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The cellular mechanisms underlying the exceptional vulnerability of the basal forebrain (BF) cholinergic neurons during pathological aging have remained elusive. Here we employed an adeno-associated viral vector-based RNA interference (AAV-RNAi) strategy to suppress the expression of tropomyosin-related kinase A (trkA) receptors by cholinergic neurons in the nucleus basalis of Meynert/substantia innominata (nMB/SI) of adult and aged rats. Suppression of trkA receptor expression impaired attentional performance selectively in aged rats. Performance correlated with trkA levels in the nMB/SI. trkA knockdown neither affected nMB/SI cholinergic cell counts nor the decrease in cholinergic cell size observed in aged rats. However, trkA suppression augmented an age-related decrease in the density of cortical cholinergic processes and attenuated the capacity of cholinergic neurons to release acetylcholine (ACh). The capacity of cortical synapses to release ACh in vivo was also lower in aged/trkA-AAV-infused rats than in aged or young controls, and it correlated with their attentional performance. Furthermore, age-related increases in cortical proNGF and p75 receptor levels interacted with the vector-induced loss of trkA receptors to shift NGF signaling toward p75-mediated suppression of the cholinergic phenotype, thereby attenuating cholinergic function and impairing attentional performance. These effects model the abnormal trophic regulation of cholinergic neurons and cognitive impairments in patients with early Alzheimer's disease. This rat model is useful for identifying the mechanisms rendering aging cholinergic neurons vulnerable as well as for studying the neuropathological mechanisms that are triggered by disrupted trophic signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinay Parikh
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Program, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122
| | - William M. Howe
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 48109
| | - Ryan M. Welchko
- Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 48109
| | - Sean X. Naughton
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Program, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122
| | - Drew E. D'Amore
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Program, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122
| | - Daniel H. Han
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Program, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122
| | - Monika Deo
- Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 48109
| | - David L. Turner
- Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 48109
| | - Martin Sarter
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 48109
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17
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Affiliation(s)
- Y H Kim
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Neurosurgery, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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18
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Abstract
The aim of the present study was to understand if sport improves attention symptoms, social competency, and cognitive functions in children with attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The present study was designed as a 6-week, prospective trial, including 12 sessions of education/sports therapy. 13 ADHD children participated in a 90-min athletic activity (sports-cADHD) twice a week, while 15 ADHD children received education on behavior control (edu-cADHD). During the 6-week treatment period, the sports-cADHD group showed greater improvements in DuPaul's ADHD Rating Scale scores, parent and teacher version (K-ARS-PT), compared to those of the edu-sADHD group. The cognitive functions assessed with the digit symbol and Trail-Making Test part B (TMT B) were improved in the sports-cADHD group, while the cognitive functions observed in the edu-sADHD group were not significantly changed. The cooperativeness scores in the sports-cADHD group were greatly increased compared to those of the edu-sADHD group. The results demonstrated a positive correlation with sports and improvement in attention symptoms, cognitive symptoms and social skills. The results of the present study suggest that therapy in the form of athletic activity may increase social competency in children with ADHD, as demonstrated by improved cognitive functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- K D Kang
- Department of Sports, Chung Ang University, An Sung, Republic of Korea
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19
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Though mucosal cysts in the paranasal sinuses (PSMCs) are common findings on radiographic images, the nature of PSMCs and risk factors for the development of PSMCs have not yet been determined. The aim of this study was to evaluate the characteristics of PSMCs using brain magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL A total of 6831 subjects who underwent health checkup including brain MR imaging were included in this study. The characteristics of PSMCs, including their location, number and size, as well as the presence of obstruction of the sinus ostium and sinusitis, were analysed using brain MR images. Structured questionnaires and medical records were reviewed to evaluate the smoking status and comorbid medical conditions. RESULTS The overall prevalence of PSMCs was 7.4% and was significantly higher in females than in males. PSMCs were most commonly found in the maxillary sinus, most of which were located unilaterally as a solitary cyst. Large cysts were associated with obstruction of the sinus ostium and subsequent sinusitis. Smoking was a single important risk factor for developing PSMCs. No significant associations were found between symptoms (nasal/respiratory) and the presence of PSMCs. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of PSMCs was 7.4% and decreased with age. Large cysts may lead to obstruction of the sinus and subsequent sinusitis. Smoking was an important risk factor for PSMCs, and the total amount of smoking correlated with cyst size. Most subjects were asymptomatic, and specific treatment was not performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- I J Moon
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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20
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Kaouk JH, Autorino R, Kim FJ, Han DH, Lee SW, Yinghao S, Cadeddu JA, Derweesh IH, Richstone L, Cindolo L, Branco A, Greco F, Allaf M, Sotelo R, Liatsikos E, Stolzenburg JU, Rane A, White WM, Han WK, Haber GP, White MA, Molina WR, Jeong BC, Lee JY, Linhui W, Best S, Stroup SP, Rais-Bahrami S, Schips L, Fornara P, Pierorazio P, Giedelman C, Lee JW, Stein RJ, Rha KH. Laparoendoscopic single-site surgery in urology: worldwide multi-institutional analysis of 1076 cases. Int Braz J Urol 2011. [DOI: 10.1590/s1677-55382011000500017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- JH Kaouk
- Glickman Urological & Kidney Institute, USA
| | - R Autorino
- Glickman Urological & Kidney Institute, USA
| | - FJ Kim
- Glickman Urological & Kidney Institute, USA
| | - DH Han
- Glickman Urological & Kidney Institute, USA
| | - SW Lee
- Glickman Urological & Kidney Institute, USA
| | - S Yinghao
- Glickman Urological & Kidney Institute, USA
| | - JA Cadeddu
- Glickman Urological & Kidney Institute, USA
| | | | | | - L Cindolo
- Glickman Urological & Kidney Institute, USA
| | - A Branco
- Glickman Urological & Kidney Institute, USA
| | - F Greco
- Glickman Urological & Kidney Institute, USA
| | - M Allaf
- Glickman Urological & Kidney Institute, USA
| | - R Sotelo
- Glickman Urological & Kidney Institute, USA
| | | | | | - A Rane
- Glickman Urological & Kidney Institute, USA
| | - WM White
- Glickman Urological & Kidney Institute, USA
| | - WK Han
- Glickman Urological & Kidney Institute, USA
| | - GP Haber
- Glickman Urological & Kidney Institute, USA
| | - MA White
- Glickman Urological & Kidney Institute, USA
| | - WR Molina
- Glickman Urological & Kidney Institute, USA
| | - BC Jeong
- Glickman Urological & Kidney Institute, USA
| | - JY Lee
- Glickman Urological & Kidney Institute, USA
| | - W Linhui
- Glickman Urological & Kidney Institute, USA
| | - S Best
- Glickman Urological & Kidney Institute, USA
| | - SP Stroup
- Glickman Urological & Kidney Institute, USA
| | | | - L Schips
- Glickman Urological & Kidney Institute, USA
| | - P Fornara
- Glickman Urological & Kidney Institute, USA
| | | | | | - JW Lee
- Glickman Urological & Kidney Institute, USA
| | - RJ Stein
- Glickman Urological & Kidney Institute, USA
| | - KH Rha
- Glickman Urological & Kidney Institute, USA
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Kim Y, Yoo IR, Ahn MI, Han DH. Asymptomatic adults with isolated, unilateral right pulmonary vein atresia: multidetector CT findings. Br J Radiol 2011; 84:e109-13. [PMID: 21606062 DOI: 10.1259/bjr/51344661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
We report two cases of a very rare congenital anomaly, i.e. isolated unilateral pulmonary vein atresia. The patients were asymptomatic and the diagnosis was made using multidetector CT (MDCT), which also showed cyst formation in the right lung. Asymptomatic adult cases or association with cystic lung lesions have never been reported in this condition before.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Kim
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
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Choi SY, Goo JM, Chun HJ, Han DH. Lipiodol can simulate cement embolism in patients having undergone vertebroplasty due to metastasis from hepatocellular carcinoma. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2009; 31:E2-3. [PMID: 19797786 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a1886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Song HK, Han DH, Song JH, Ghee JY, Piao SG, Kim SH, Yoon HE, Li C, Kim J, Yang CW. Influence of sirolimus on cyclosporine-induced pancreas islet dysfunction in rats. Am J Transplant 2009; 9:2024-33. [PMID: 19624561 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2009.02751.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
This study was performed to investigate the effect of sirolimus (SRL) on cyclosporine (CsA)-induced pancreatic islet dysfunction in rats. Three separate studies were performed. First, diabetogenic effect of SRL was evaluated with three different doses (0.15, 0.3 and 0.6 mg/kg). Second, rats were treated with SRL (0.3 mg/kg) with or without CsA (15 mg/kg) for 4 weeks. Third, rats were treated with CsA for 4 weeks, and then switched to SRL for 4 weeks. The effect of SRL on CsA-induced pancreatic islet dysfunction was evaluated by an intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test, plasma insulin concentration, HbA1c level, HOMA-R index, immunohistochemistry of insulin and pancreatic beta islet cell mass. The SRL treatment increased blood glucose concentration in a dose-dependent manner. The combined treatment with SRL and CsA increased blood glucose concentration, Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level, HOMA-R [fasting insulin (mU/mL) x fasting glucose (mmol/L)]/22.5] index and decreased plasma insulin concentration, immunoreactivity of insulin and pancreatic beta islet cell mass compared with rats treated with CsA. CsA withdrawal for 4 weeks improved pancreatic beta-cell function and structure. However, conversion from CsA to SRL further increased blood glucose levels compared with the rats converted from vehicle to SRL. The results of our study demonstrate that SRL is diabetogenic and aggravates CsA-induced pancreatic islet dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- H K Song
- Transplant Research Center, Division of Nephrology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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Kim JH, Chang KH, Na DG, Park SH, Kim E, Han DH, Kwon HM, Sohn CH, Yim YJ. Imaging features of meningeal inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2009; 30:1261-7. [PMID: 19246531 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a1526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Meningeal inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) has been rarely reported, and its prognosis is still unclear. Our purpose was to describe the imaging features of patients with meningeal IMT and their results on follow-up studies. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-four MR images in 10 consecutive patients with pathologically proved meningeal IMTs were retrospectively evaluated, focusing on the lesion distribution, signal intensity (SI), and contrast-enhancement pattern with a review of the clinical records. RESULTS Eight patients with intracranial IMT showed localized (n = 4) or diffuse (n = 4) dural thickening, a single mass (n = 5) or 2 (n = 2) dural-based masses with surrounding edema, dural venous sinus thrombosis (n = 5), and leptomeningeal involvement (n = 5). Extracranial involvement of the mastoid (n = 2) and orbit (n = 2) was also associated. Each of the 2 patients with intraspinal IMT showed a dural-based mass and a segmental dural thickening, respectively. All of the thickened dura showed low SI on T2-weighted images, iso-SI on T1-weighted images, and diffuse contrast enhancement. Variable recurrences with dural-based masses, mastoid involvement, or nasolacrimal duct involvement were observed in all 4 patients with diffuse intracranial IMT, but not in the others. CONCLUSIONS Localized or diffuse dural thickening of T2 low SI and diffuse contrast enhancement combined with dural-based masses are a common MR imaging finding of meningeal intracranial IMT. Adjacent leptomeningeal involvement and dural venous sinus thrombosis are frequently associated. The diffuse type has a tendency toward recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-H Kim
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Hwang DH, Choi JY, Yi SM, Han DH, Jang SH. The land use plan and water quality prediction for the Saemangeum reclamation project. Water Sci Technol 2009; 59:1397-1408. [PMID: 19381006 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2009.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
As the final closure of the world's longest sea dike of 33 km, the use of the Saemangeum reclaimed land becomes an issue in Korea. The Korean government has proclaimed that the Saemangeum Reclamation Project will be handled in an environmentally friendly manner but its effect on the water quality of reservoirs has always been controversial. This study was conducted to estimate the water quality of the Saemangeum reservoir using WASP5 according to the new land use plan adopted in 2007. Predictions on water quality shows that Dongjin reservoir would meet the standards for COD, T-P, and Chl-a if the wastewater from the Dongjin region was properly managed. However, T-P and Chl-a in Mangyeong reservoir would exceed the standards even without releasing the treated wastewater into the reservoir. With further reductions of 20% for T-P and Chl-a from the mouth of Mangyeong river, the water quality standards in the reservoir were achieved. This means that additional schemes, as well as water quality management programs established in the Government Master Plan in 2001, should be considered. Although the Saemangeum reservoir would manage to achieve the standards, it will enter a eutrophic state due to the high concentration of nutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
- D H Hwang
- Policy Research Group, Korea Environment Institute, 613-2 Bulgwang-Dong, Eunpyeng-Gu, Seoul, South Korea.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSNP) and asthma are inflammatory lesions of the respiratory epithelium. This study was conducted to evaluate predictive factors of bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) in patients with CRSNP. METHODS BHR was evaluated using a methacholine bronchoprovocation test (MBPT) in 122 consecutive patients newly diagnosed with CRSNP at Seoul National University Hospital from January 2004 to June 2006. The following parameters were analyzed and compared between the BHR and non-BHR groups: symptoms, atopic status, current smoking, disease severity of CRSNP based on the Lund-Mackay scoring system of sinus CT, and counts of eosinophils in the serum and nasal tissues. RESULTS Thirty-five percent of the patients were found to have BHR, and BHR was found to occur more frequently in patients that were currently suffering from sneezing (P = 0.007). In addition, the mean eosinophil counts of the serum and nasal tissues were higher in the BHR group than in the non-BHR group (P = 0.001 for the serum, P = 0.045 for the nasal tissues), and the eosinophil counts of the serum correlated to those of the nasal tissues (r = 0.334, P = 0.013). The disease severity, as determined by the Lund-Mackay scoring system, was not different between the two groups (P > 0.05). The best cutoff serum eosinophil count for predicting BHR in CRSNP patients was determined to be 300 cells/microl (sensitivity 70%, specificity 70%). CONCLUSION Taken together, these results indicate that moderate to severe sneezing and a serum eosinophil count > or = 300 cells/microl may be predictive factors for BHR in patients with CRSNP.
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Affiliation(s)
- D H Han
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Lee HW, Jeong JY, Yang JB, Han DH, Lee SW. A novel method of seminal vesicle preparation in isolated seminal vesicle experiments in the rat: ring preparation. Int J Impot Res 2008; 21:57-61. [PMID: 18987641 DOI: 10.1038/ijir.2008.57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of a novel method of seminal vesicle (SV) preparation-ring preparation method-in isolated SV experiments in the rat. Rat SVs were prepared as strips and rings and applied to organ baths. The relaxation responses by sodium nitroprusside or doxazosin and contractile responses by electrical field stimulation (EFS) were recorded in both groups. We compared the proportion of tissues that showed consistent responses to the stimuli-drug or EFS-in both groups. And magnitudes of the contractile or relaxation responses were also evaluated in the two groups. In strip preparations (n=20), six tissues (30%) showed stable responses to drugs and were regarded to be useful. However, in ring preparations (n=20), 13 tissues (65%) showed stable responses (P<0.001). Similarly, consistent contractile responses to the EFS were recorded in eight strips (40%) and 13 rings (65%) (n=20 in each group; P<0.05). The magnitudes of the relaxations by drugs were not different between the two methods (P=0.42) and the contractions by EFS were higher in ring preparations (P<0.05). The ring preparation seems to be better for responses to drugs and EFS compared with the strip preparations and, therefore, might be an alternative technique for in vitro SV experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- H W Lee
- Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Shin HW, Rha YC, Han DH, Chung S, Yoon IY, Rhee CS, Lee CH, Min YG, Kim DY. Erectile dysfunction and disease-specific quality of life in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. Int J Impot Res 2008; 20:549-53. [DOI: 10.1038/ijir.2008.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Han DH, Chae MR, So I, Park JK, Lee SW. The effects of dopamine receptor agonists on BK Ca channels and signal transduction mechanism in corpus cavernosal smooth muscle cells. Int J Impot Res 2007; 20:53-9. [PMID: 18094703 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ijir.3901623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the effect of dopamine receptor agonists on potassium channels' activity and their signal transduction pathway in corporal smooth muscle cells. We used cultured human corporal smooth muscle cells. The whole cell and cell-attached configuration of the patch-clamp technique were used for electrophysiological recordings, and enzyme immunoassay was used for measuring cyclic AMP (cAMP) and cyclic GMP levels. Extracellular application of 10 microM dopamine and apomorphine significantly increased whole-cell K(+) currents by 283.5+/-55.7% (at +60 mV; n=12, P<0.001), 292.4+/-58.8.0% (at +60 mV; n=9, P<0.005), respectively. We confirmed that the increase in whole-cell currents was mainly due to activation of the tetraethylammonium-sensitive large conductance Ca(2+)-activated K(+) channels (BK(Ca) channels). Enzyme immunoassay indicated that dopamine and apomorphine stimulates cAMP levels in corporal smooth muscle cells in a concentration-dependent fashion. The activation of BK(Ca) channels by dopamine receptor agonists in corporal smooth muscle cells might be one of the mechanisms in inducing penile erection.
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Affiliation(s)
- D H Han
- Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Im SH, Han MH, Kwon BJ, Jung C, Kim JE, Han DH. Aseptic meningitis after embolization of cerebral aneurysms using hydrogel-coated coils: report of three cases. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2007; 28:511-2. [PMID: 17353325 PMCID: PMC7977831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
SUMMARY We report the development of aseptic meningitis in 3 patients with aneurysms treated with hydrogel-coated coils. Patients presented with febrile meningeal syndromes during the 24 hours following the procedures and responded to corticosteroids. One of them developed delayed hydrocephalus that required treatment with a ventriculoperitoneal shunt. Aseptic meningitis is one of the important complications related to hydrogel-coated coils that should be recognized. More information based on the posttreatment surveillance after use of hydrogel-coated coils is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- S-H Im
- Department of Neurosurgery, Dongguk University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Kwon OK, Kim SH, Oh CW, Han MH, Kang HS, Kwon BJ, Kim JH, Han DH. Embolization of wide-necked aneurysms with using three or more microcatheters. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2006; 148:1139-45; discussion 1145. [PMID: 16990989 DOI: 10.1007/s00701-006-0876-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2006] [Accepted: 07/20/2006] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A new and relatively simple endovascular technique, in which more than three microcatheters are used for endovascular treatment of cerebral aneurysms for the first time, is described. METHOD Eight patients with wide necked aneurysms were successfully treated with detachable coils using the multiple microcatheter technique. Three patients presented with subarachnoid haemorrhage and five were unruptured. The aneurysm locations were superior hypophyseal artery (2), posterior communicating artery (2), middle cerebral artery bifurcation (1), distal anterior cerebral artery (1), basilar artery (1) and vertebral artery (1). The average neck size was 7.4 +/- 2.8 mm (3.5-12 mm), average width of the aneurysms was 10.6 +/- 5.7 mm (6.2-23 mm) and depth was 8.9 +/- 5.8 mm (3-22 mm). Three microcatheters (7 patients) and four microcatheters (1 patient) were introduced and used for coil delivery. Three or four coils were deployed and intermingled to stabilize the whole coil mass as well as to occupy the aneurysmal sac. When a relatively stable coil frame was formed, one coil was detached and subsequent coils were inserted. After the coil mass became more stable, other coils were also detached and all microcatheters were used for subsequent coil deployment. FINDINGS All aneurysms were successfully treated without complications. Postemboilzation angiograms showed no contrast filling in 5 cases (100% occlusion) and a very small residual neck in 3 cases. There was no procedure related complication. CONCLUSION The multiple microcatheter technique can be one technical option for the endovascular treatment of wide necked aneurysms.
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Affiliation(s)
- O-K Kwon
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Kim CH, Son YJ, Paek SH, Han MH, Kim JE, Chung YS, Kwon BJ, Oh CW, Han DH. Clinical analysis of vertebrobasilar dissection. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2006; 148:395-404. [PMID: 16511630 DOI: 10.1007/s00701-006-0742-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2005] [Accepted: 12/15/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The natural history of vertebrobasilar artery dissection (VAD) is not fully known. The purpose of this study was to review the clinical outcome of the patients with VAD, then to propose an appropriate management strategy for VAD. METHOD From 1992 to 2004, 35 VAD patients admitted to our institutes were retrospectively reviewed. There were 28 men and 7 women, whose age ranged from 4 to 67 years with a mean age of 44 years. Angiography was assessed to document the shape, and location of the dissecting aneurysm with respect to the posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA). A modified Rankin score was assigned for functional outcome. The functional outcome scores were analyzed according to the patient's age, gender, hypertension history, the pattern of initial manifestation, angiographic shape of VAD, angiographic location of VAD, treatment modality. FINDINGS There was no statistically significant difference between the functional outcome with age, gender, trauma history and past medical history of hypertension. Of 35 patients, 22 presented with SAH, 11 with ischemic symptoms and 2 were incidentally detected. The patients without SAH had a better functional outcome than those with SAH (p = 0.029). There was statistical significance between Hunt-Hess (H-H) grade and clinical outcome (p = 0.032). The shape and location of VAD was not significantly related to the functional outcome (p = 0.294, 0.840). But all the cases of rebleeding and mortality (except one case with initially poor H-H grade) developed exclusively in patients with aneurysms. There was no statistically significant correlation between the treatment modality and the outcome (p = 0.691). CONCLUSION The VAD patients with SAH would be recommended to be managed by either surgical or endovascular treatment, but those without SAH, could be managed conservatively with antiplatelet therapy and/or anticoagulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- C-H Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kangwon National University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea
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Kim CY, Paek SH, Seo BG, Kim JH, Han DH. Changes in vascular responses of the basilar artery to acetylcholine and endothelin-1 in an experimental rabbit vasospasm model. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2003; 145:571-7. [PMID: 12910400 DOI: 10.1007/s00701-003-0024-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to clarify the characteristics of the basilar arteries of rabbits two and seven days after subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) and to investigate the influence of hypoxia on vascular responses to acetylcholine and endothelin-1. METHODS Thirty four New Zealand white rabbits were divided into 3 groups: 1) control (n=6), 2) 2 days post SAH (n=15), and 3) 7 days post SAH (n=13). Rabbits in the groups 2 and 3 underwent vertebral angiography before sacrifice. Harvested vascular rings were suspended in a small vessel myograph system for isometric tension recording in response to vasodilatory and vasoconstrictory stimulation in oxygenated (95% O2/5% CO2) and hypoxic (95% N2/5% CO2) conditions. To investigate the response to a vasodilator, acetylcholine (ACh) (10(-7) to 3 x 10(-4) M) was applied to a basilar artery pre-contracted with histamine (10(-6) approximately 10(-5) M). To investigate the response to a vasoconstrictor, the effect of endothelin-1 (ET-1) (10(-11) to 3 x 10(-8) M) was observed in quiescent rings. FINDINGS Seven of 15 rabbits that underwent angiography two days after operation showed vasospasm to 64.3+/-11.2% of the original diameter; likewise seven of the 13 rabbits studied seven days after operation showed vasospasm to 64.9+/-10.9% of the original diameter. Hypoxic conditions significantly reduced the relaxation response to ACh but did not influence basilar artery contraction to ET-1. Responses to ACh and ET-1 did not differ significantly in vessels from animals with or without vasospasm at 2 days. In contrast, at 7 days vascular responses to ACh and ET-1 were significantly less in vessels from animals with vasospasm than those without (p=0.029, 0.032), and also less than in vessels from animals with vasospasm at day 2 (p=0.002, 0.004). There was not a significant difference in the vascular responses of basilar arteries from animals without vasospasm. INTERPRETATION The markedly lower vascular responses of basilar arteries of rabbits to ACh and ET-1 found seven days after SAH may relate to delayed vasospasm in patients with SAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- C-Y Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine and Neuroscience Research Institute, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The majority of previous reports on this rare agenesis of the internal carotid artery (ICA) have been limited to reporting upon its association with other congenital anomalies case by case. In order to collectively summarize this congenital anomaly of ICA, we have reviewed nine cases of ICA aplasia and their associated abnormalities. METHODS Nine cases of ICA aplasia were reviewed. The diagnosis of aplasia or agenesis of the ICA was based on angiographic findings and the presence of an absent or hypoplastic bony carotid canal by temporal bone computed tomography (TBCT). Their presumable embryological aetiologies, initial presenting symptoms, unusual collateral circulations, as demonstrated by angiographies, and various associated anomalies are reviewed. FINDINGS The initial presentations were; subarachnoid haemorrhage in three patients, headache in one patient and ischemic symptoms and signs in three patients. The remaining two cases were found incidentally during angiography for other diseases. Collateral circulations to the middle cerebral artery ipsilateral to the ICA aplasia were via posterior communicating artery (P-com) or anterior communicating artery (A-com). On TBCT, all cases but one demonstrated agenesis of the bony carotid canal and the remaining case showed a hypoplastic canal. Cerebral aneurysms were found in six patients, four with A-com aneurysm, one with a basilar bifurcation aneurysm, and one with both a right P-com and a left cavernous ICA aneurysm; two incidentally found cases had no aneurysm. Other associated abnormalities were found in four cases; one case of hypoplasia of the common carotid artery (CCA) with an arachnoid cyst at the temporal pole, one case of abnormal origin of the right CCA from the aorta and the right subclavian artery from the descending aorta, one case of congenital temporomandibular joint (TMJ) ankylosis, and one case of nasopharyngeal angiofibroma with atresia of the upper basilar artery. Except for the atresia of the upper basilar artery, all such abnormalities were found on the same side as the ICA aplasia. INTERPRETATION Agenesis or aplasia of ICA may be entirely harmless. However, associated conditions such as cerebral aneurysm or abnormal collateral channels should alert clinicians to the possibility of deterioration to life-threatening conditions, such as subarachnoid haemorrhage or irreversible ischemia. Other associated anomalies are commonly depicted on the same side as the ICA aplasia and may also give rise to issues of clinical importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-H Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Abstract
The authors present a case of hyperventilation-induced left upper limb shaking from an underlying Moyamoya disease. Video EEG monitoring and SPECT study were performed. Leptomeningeal collateral circulation was investigated by conventional angiography and by SPECT study with acetazolamide. Limb shaking in Moyamoya disease may result from a transient hypoperfusion of the contralateral frontoparietal cortex rather than basal ganglia.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Y Kim
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The efficacy of radiosurgery in cases of surgically high risk symptomatic cavernous malformations (CMs) for reducing haemorrhagic risk and for seizure control has not been clearly documented and the radiation-induced complications of radiosurgery remain problematic. The authors present a retrospective clinical analysis of 22 cases of CMs treated by radiosurgery. METHODS Twenty-two patients with symptomatic CMs were treated by linear accelerator (LINAC) radiosurgery or Gamma knife (GK) between 1995 and 1998. Medical records including radiological investigations were carefully reviewed to the last follow-up. The mean age of the patients was 34.1 years (12-56) and the male to female ratio was 12:10. Twenty patients reported at least one episode of bleeding and four had undergone microsurgery before radiosurgery. The remaining two patients presented with seizure without evidence of recent haemorrhage. In 16 cases, the CMs were deep-seated, and the others were located in the cerebral hemispheres; four were located at an eloquent area. LINAC radiosurgery using computed tomography scan was performed in 11 cases until May 1997, after which GK radiosurgery using magnetic resonance (MR) image was performed in 11 cases. The volume of the lesion ranged from 0.09 cc to 4.8 cc (mean 1.42 cc) and the mean marginal dose was 16.1 Gy (8-24). The median follow-up period after radiosurgery was 38.3 months (21-67). The rate of haemorrhage, seizure, and neurological deterioration following radiosurgery was analyzed, and the rate of haemorrhage was compared to that seen in natural course reports. FINDINGS There was one case of haemorrhage during the follow-up period and the seizure was well controlled with anticonvulsants. In the group with prior haemorrhage, the bleeding rate of cavernous malformation after radiosurgery (1.55%/year) was lower than that of pre-radiosurgical period (35.5%/year, t=1.296, P=0.04). Six patients showed neurological deterioration following radiosurgery, however, the neurological deficits persisted in only two of the patients with LINAC. The radiosurgical modality (LINAC vs. GK) showed a possible correlation to radiation induced neurological deficits (P=0.06). On the MR images at the last follow-up, the lesion was decreased in eleven patients, increased in one, and no change was found in 10 cases. The T2 weighted MR images revealed a perilesional high signal change in nine patients. This signal change was not statistically related to lesion size (P=0.236), location (P=0.658), nor radiation dose (P=0.363), but was dependent on the treatment modality (P=0.02). New-enhancing lesion and a new cyst were each found in one case, respectively, during the follow-up. INTERPRETATION Radiosurgery may be a good alternative option for treatment of surgically high risk CMs. However, the optimal radiosurgical technique, dose adjustment, and proper delineation of the mass are prerequisites. Radiosurgery induced complications are still problematic and post-radiosurgery MR image changes need to be further elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- D G Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Clinical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Nam DH, Kim JS, Hong SC, Lee WH, Lee JI, Shin HJ, Park K, Eoh W, Han DH, Kim JH. Expression of interleukin-1 beta in lipopolysaccharide stimulated monocytes derived from patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage is correlated with cerebral vasospasm. Neurosci Lett 2001; 312:41-4. [PMID: 11578841 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3940(01)02194-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Cerebral arterial vasospasm is a frequent complication after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Immunological activation may affect the development of vasospasm. This study measured the cytokines released from lipopolysaccharide-stimulated monocytes of SAH patients. We measured cerebral artery diameters before and after surgery for SAH. The activation index of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), but not tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), was higher in patients with symptomatic vasospasm (5.6+/-1.7; n=11) than in patients without (1.8+/-0.4; n=11) (P=0.039). Furthermore, the IL-1 beta activation index was correlated with the degree of the postoperative angiographic vasospasm (correlation coefficient=-0.66, P=0.007). Individual variation in systemic immune activation, measured by monocyte-derived IL-1 beta expression levels after stimulation, may be associated with the development of vasospasm after aneurysmal SAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- D H Nam
- Department of Neurosurgery, Samsung Medical Center and Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 50 Ilwon-Dong, Kangnam-Ku, Seoul 135-710, South Korea
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Abstract
Muscles and fat cells develop insulin resistance when exposed to high concentrations of glucose and insulin. We used an isolated muscle preparation incubated with high levels of glucose and insulin to further evaluate how glucose-induced insulin resistance (GIIR) is mediated. Incubation with 2 milliunits/ml insulin and 36 mm glucose for 5 h resulted in an approximately 50% decrease in insulin-stimulated muscle glucose transport. The decrease in insulin responsiveness of glucose transport induced by glucose was not due to impaired insulin signaling, as insulin-stimulated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity and protein kinase B phosphorylation were not reduced. It has been hypothesized that entry of glucose into the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway with accumulation of UDP-N-acetylhexosamines (UDP-HexNAcs) mediates GIIR. However, inhibition of the rate-limiting enzyme GFAT (glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase) did not protect against GIIR despite a marked reduction of UDP-HexNAcs. The mRNA synthesis inhibitor actinomycin D and the protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide both completely protected against GIIR despite the massive increases in UDP-HexNAcs and glycogen that resulted from increased glucose entry. Activation of AMP-activated protein kinase also protected against GIIR. These results provide evidence that GIIR can occur in muscle without increased accumulation of hexosamine pathway end products, that neither high glycogen concentration nor impaired insulin signaling is responsible for GIIR, and that synthesis of a protein with a short half-life mediates GIIR. They also suggest that dephosphorylation of a transcription factor may be involved in the induction of GIIR.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kawanaka
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
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39
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Vereschagin EI, Han DH, Troitsky AW, Grishin OV, Petrov SE, Gulyaeva EP, Bogdanova LA, Korobeinikov MV, Auslender VL. Radiation technology in the preparation of polyethylene oxide hydrophilic gels and immobilization of proteases for use in medical practice. Arch Pharm Res 2001; 24:229-33. [PMID: 11440083 DOI: 10.1007/bf02978263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
This paper deals with the development of a technology for making a hydrophilic gel of polyethylene oxide reception in which radiating ability is employed to cause cross-linking of polymers in a water solution. The gel of polyethylene oxide was shown to be non-toxic, contain 5-50% of polymer and be useful in composite medicinal forms along with biologically active substances including Bac. subtilis proteases. Proteases immobilized in the gel possess high thermal stability and proteolytic activity and are readily applied in medicine. The effect of immobilized proteolytic and glucolytic enzymes of Bac. subtillis (Immozimase) on the warm ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) which can cause hepatic and jejunum injury was also studied. These enzymes were immobilized on water-soluble polymer polyethylene glycol by means of an electron beam. The number of degranulated mast cells as well as serum ALT after I/R in the group with Immozimase was decreased to almost half as compared with the control group. Pretreatment with Immozimase resulted in significant reduction of hepatic and gut neutrophil accumulation as compared with control animals. It was concluded that Immozimase has a protective effect for hepatic and gut ischemia/reperfusion, and this effect seems to be associated with prevention of leukocyte accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- E I Vereschagin
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk
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40
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Han DH, Kwon OK, Byun BJ, Choi BY, Choi CW, Choi JU, Choi SG, Doh JO, Han JW, Jung S, Kang SD, Kim DJ, Kim HI, Kim HD, Kim MC, Kim SC, Kim SC, Kim Y, Kwun BD, Lee BG, Lim YJ, Moon JG, Park HS, Shin MS, Song JH, Suk JS, Yim MB. A co-operative study: clinical characteristics of 334 Korean patients with moyamoya disease treated at neurosurgical institutes (1976-1994). The Korean Society for Cerebrovascular Disease. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2001; 142:1263-73; discussion 1273-4. [PMID: 11201642 DOI: 10.1007/s007010070024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
A co-operative study was conducted to determine the clinical characteristics of patients with moyamoya disease who were diagnosed and treated at neurosurgical institutes in Korea before 1995. Twenty-six hospitals contributed 505 cases and among them, the clinical characteristics of 334 patients with definite moyamoya disease were evaluated. The number of patients began to increase from the late 1980s, and after that approximately 20 patients were treated each year. There were two age peaks: from six to 15 and from 31 to 40 years of age. Haemorrhagic manifestations occurred in approximately 43% of the patients. The major clinical manifestations were haemorrhage in adults (62.4%) and ischaemia in children (61.2%). Overall 54.5% of the patients experienced decreased consciousness levels, mainly due to intracranial haemorrhage or cerebral infarction. In the patients with ischemic manifestations, the adult patients were more likely to have cerebral infarction than the pediatric patients (80% vs. 39%) and the pediatric patients were more likely to have TIA (61% vs. 25%). Thirty eight percent of the patients underwent bypass surgery and 53% of these procedures were performed bilaterally. Treatment policies, including indications for bypass surgery and commonly used drugs, were somewhat different according to the institution. Overall favorable outcome was 73%, and the most significant factor affecting poor outcome was haemorrhagic manifestation. This article describes the characteristics of 334 patients with moyamoya disease, who were diagnosed and treated at neurosurgical institutes in Korea before 1995.
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Affiliation(s)
- D H Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Chongno-gu, Korea
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41
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Kim HJ, Kim MS, Park YJ, Kim SW, Park DJ, Park KS, Kim SY, Cho BY, Lee HK, Jung HW, Han DH, Lee HS, Chi JG. Prevalence of Gs alpha mutations in Korean patients with pituitary adenomas. J Endocrinol 2001; 168:221-6. [PMID: 11182759 DOI: 10.1677/joe.0.1680221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The reported frequencies of Gs alpha mutations (gsp mutations) in growth hormone (GH)-secreting pituitary adenomas are variable (ranging from 4.4 to 43%), and the presence of these mutations in the other pituitary adenomas is still a matter of controversy. Previous clinical and biochemical analyses of patients with GH-secreting pituitary adenomas and gsp mutations produced conflicting results and did not demonstrate obvious characteristics. Therefore, we investigated the prevalence of gsp mutations in Korean patients with pituitary adenomas and elucidated the characteristics of these patients. Forty-four GH-secreting adenomas, 7 prolactin (PRL)-secreting adenomas and 32 clinically non-functioning adenomas were examined for the presence of point mutations in codon 201 and 227 of the Gs alpha gene using a nested PCR and direct sequencing of DNA extracted from fresh tissue or paraffin-embedded pituitary adenoma samples. Seven of the 44 GH-secreting pituitary adenomas had point mutations at codon 201 or 227; of these, five mutations were in codon 201 and two were in codon 227. In patients with gsp mutations, mean tumor size was significantly smaller than in patients without gsp mutations (15.9+/-8.7 mm vs. 24.9+/-14.9 mm, P<0.05). Age, sex, basal GH levels, GH response to oral glucose loading, GH response to octreotide and surgical outcome were not different in the two groups. One of the 32 clinically non-functioning pituitary adenomas had a point mutation at codon 201; none of the seven prolactinomas had these mutations. These results show that gsp mutations are not rare in Korean acromegalic patients and mean tumor size is significantly smaller in acromegalic patients with gsp mutations. Our results also confirm the low frequency of gsp mutations in clinically non-functioning pituitary adenomas and the absence of gsp mutations in prolactinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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42
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Kawanaka K, Nolte LA, Han DH, Hansen PA, Holloszy JO. Mechanisms underlying impaired GLUT-4 translocation in glycogen-supercompensated muscles of exercised rats. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2000; 279:E1311-8. [PMID: 11093919 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.2000.279.6.e1311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Exercise training induces an increase in GLUT-4 in muscle. We previously found that feeding rats a high-carbohydrate diet after exercise, with muscle glycogen supercompensation, results in a decrease in insulin responsiveness so severe that it masks the effect of a training-induced twofold increase in GLUT-4 on insulin-stimulated muscle glucose transport. One purpose of this study was to determine whether insulin signaling is impaired. Maximally insulin-stimulated phosphatidylinositol (PI) 3-kinase activity was not significantly reduced, whereas protein kinase B (PKB) phosphorylation was approximately 50% lower (P < 0.01) in muscles of chow-fed, than in those of fasted, exercise-trained rats. Our second purpose was to determine whether contraction-stimulated glucose transport is also impaired. The stimulation of glucose transport and the increase in cell surface GLUT-4 induced by contractions were both decreased by approximately 65% in glycogen-supercompensated muscles of trained rats. The contraction-stimulated increase in AMP kinase activity, which has been implicated in the activation of glucose transport by contractions, was approximately 80% lower in the muscles of the fed compared with the fasted rats 18 h after exercise. These results show that both the insulin- and contraction-stimulated pathways for muscle glucose transport activation are impaired in glycogen-supercompensated muscles and provide insight regarding possible mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kawanaka
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
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43
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Kim JY, Nolte LA, Hansen PA, Han DH, Ferguson K, Thompson PA, Holloszy JO. High-fat diet-induced muscle insulin resistance: relationship to visceral fat mass. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2000; 279:R2057-65. [PMID: 11080069 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.2000.279.6.r2057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
It has been variously hypothesized that the insulin resistance induced in rodents by a high-fat diet is due to increased visceral fat accumulation, to an increase in muscle triglyceride (TG) content, or to an effect of diet composition. In this study we used a number of interventions: fish oil, leptin, caloric restriction, and shorter duration of fat feeding, to try to disassociate an increase in visceral fat from muscle insulin resistance. Substituting fish oil (18% of calories) for corn oil in the high-fat diet partially protected against both the increase in visceral fat and muscle insulin resistance without affecting muscle TG content. Injections of leptin during the last 4 days of a 4-wk period on the high-fat diet partially reversed the increase in visceral fat and the muscle insulin resistance, while completely normalizing muscle TG. Restricting intake of the high-fat diet to 75% of ad libitum completely prevented the increase in visceral fat and muscle insulin resistance. Maximally insulin-stimulated glucose transport was negatively correlated with visceral fat mass (P < 0.001) in both the soleus and epitrochlearis muscles and with muscle TG concentration in the soleus (P < 0.05) but not in the epitrochlearis. Thus we were unable to dissociate the increase in visceral fat from muscle insulin resistance using a variety of approaches. These results support the hypothesis that an increase in visceral fat is associated with development of muscle insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Kim
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
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44
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Li B, Nolte LA, Ju JS, Han DH, Coleman T, Holloszy JO, Semenkovich CF. Skeletal muscle respiratory uncoupling prevents diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance in mice. Nat Med 2000; 6:1115-20. [PMID: 11017142 DOI: 10.1038/80450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 248] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
To determine whether uncoupling respiration from oxidative phosphorylation in skeletal muscle is a suitable treatment for obesity and type 2 diabetes, we generated transgenic mice expressing the mitochondrial uncoupling protein (Ucp) in skeletal muscle. Skeletal muscle oxygen consumption was 98% higher in Ucp-L mice (with low expression) and 246% higher in Ucp-H mice (with high expression) than in wild-type mice. Ucp mice fed a chow diet had the same food intake as wild-type mice, but weighed less and had lower levels of glucose and triglycerides and better glucose tolerance than did control mice. Ucp-L mice were resistant to obesity induced by two different high-fat diets. Ucp-L mice fed a high-fat diet had less adiposity, lower levels of glucose, insulin and cholesterol, and an increased metabolic rate at rest and with exercise. They were also more responsive to insulin, and had enhanced glucose transport in skeletal muscle in the setting of increased muscle triglyceride content. These data suggest that manipulating respiratory uncoupling in muscle is a viable treatment for obesity and its metabolic sequelae.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Li
- Departments of Medicine and Cell Biology & Physiology, Division of Atherosclerosis, Nutrition, and Lipid Research, Center for Cardiovascular Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
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45
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Abstract
A respirator filter of good quality has not only high aerosol collection efficiency but also low air resistance. "Quality factor", which is expressed with aerosol penetration and pressure drop, can be used to rank the performance of respirator filters within the same category. This study focuses on evaluating several respirator filters which are widely used in Korea using quality factor. Two mechanical filters and three filtering facepieces made by different manufacturers were measured aerosol penetrations and pressure drops by an automatic filter tester (CertiTest Model 8110, TSI Inc., St. Paul, USA) at four flow rates of 10, 32, 64 and 85 L/min. NaCl aerosols used were reported to be mean size of 0.1 microm and geometric standard deviation of <1.9. The penetrations and pressure drops of all filters have strong flow rate dependency. The filter quality factors decrease sharply as flow rates are increased. The mechanical filter S and filtering facepiece M are shown better filter quality than others in the same category. Since some certified filters are found to be inappropriate in the workplace exposed to fume, this result suggests that the current certified filter test protocol for respirators should be changed for the new protocol using smaller aerosols.
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Affiliation(s)
- D H Han
- Department of Occupational Health and Safety, Inje University, Kimhae, South Korea
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46
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Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the benefits of palliative embolisation of patients with inoperable intracranial AVMs. It involved the analysis of the long-term clinical follow-up results of 27 patients with inoperable intracranial AVMs. Sixteen patients were treated medically and 11 patients received partial embolisation. The mean size of the lesions was 7.2 +/- 2.6 cm, and the mean follow-up period was 99 +/- 44 months (range 52-192 months). There were no significant statistical differences in the sex, age, size, venous drainage pattern, location of the lesions or presented symptoms. The analysis of the long-term clinical follow-up results showed no significant difference in either the risk of haemorrhage or clinical status of the patients in the two treatment groups. Of the 16 patients in the medical treatment group, 8 (50%) showed a clinical improvement, 3 no improvement and 5 (31%) deterioration. Of the 11 patients in the embolisation group, 5 (45.5%) showed clinical improvement, 3 no improvement and 3 (27.3%) deterioration (P = 0.871). Twenty-five percent (4 cases) of patients in the medical group and 45.5% (5 cases) of patients in the embolisation group suffered from haemorrhage during the follow-up period (P = 0.270). Complications related to embolisation occurred in three cases. This comparative study shows that palliative partial embolisation of intracranial AVMs, in all probability does not produce better clinical results than medical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- O K Kwon
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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47
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Han DH. Fit factors for quarter masks and facial size categories. Ann Occup Hyg 2000; 44:227-34. [PMID: 10775671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Respirator fit testing is necessary before entering hazardous working environments to ensure that the respirator, when worn, satisfies a minimum fit and that the wearer knows when the respirator fits properly. In the many countries that do not have fit testing or total inward leakage regulations (including Korea), however, many workers wearing respirators may be potentially exposed to hazardous environments. It is necessary to suggest a useful tool to provide an alternative for fit testing in these countries. This study was conducted to evaluate fitting performance for quarter-mask respirators, and fit factors in facial size categories based on face lengths and lip lengths of the wearers. A total of 778 subjects (408 males, 370 females) were fit tested for three quarter masks: Sejin Co. SK-6 (Ulsan, Korea), Yongsung Co. YS-2010 S (Seoul, Korea), and 3 M Co. Series 7500 Medium (MN, USA) masks with a PortaCount 8020 (TSI Co., USA). A facial dimension survey of the subjects was conducted to develop facial size categories, on the basis of face length and lip length. Geometric mean fit factors (GMFFs) of Series 7500 Medium were found to be the highest of the three respirators. All of the respirators were more suitable for males than females in fitting performance. The Series 7500 Medium fitted a large number of the males tested, since the GMFFs for males were above 100 for every box of facial size categories, and high pass proportion rates were shown at an individual fit factor level of 100. The YS-2010 S provides an adequate fit for males in a limited range of facial dimensions. The Series 7500 Medium is more limited in providing adequate fit for females at specific facial dimensions than for males. For adequate fitting performance, the SK-6 is not preferentially recommended for Korean male and female workers due to low GMFFs and pass proportions. The result of this study indicates that after more accurate studies are performed, facial size categories, on the basis of facial dimensions, could be a useful tool to assist in the selection of adequately fitting respirators for workers in the countries having no fit testing requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- D H Han
- Department of Occupational Health and Safety, Inje University, Kyongnam-do, Kimhae, South Korea
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48
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Abstract
Sixteen patients with the diagnosis of vertebral or basilar artery dissection who were admitted at the Seoul National University Hospital from 1972 to 1996 are described. During the same period, we encountered 76 patients with posterior circulation aneurysms, so the vertebrobasilar artery dissection was 21% of posterior circulation aneurysms. The mean age was 44 years, and male predominated. Nine patients presented with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and seven with ischemic symptoms. The characteristic angiographic finding of patients with SAH was aneurysmal dilatation (pseudoaneurysm) in eight of nine cases. In cases of ischemic symptoms, only one case had aneurysmal dilatation. Some other angiographic findings were demonstrated such as string sign, tapered narrowing, complete occlusion, or double lumen. Clinical course of SAH group was much different from that of ischemic group. Rebleeding occurred in three patients of SAH group; immediately after the rebleeding all patients became comatose, but after extraventricular drainage, all patients with rebleeding recovered rapidly. In SAH group, four of nine cases died but there was no mortality in the ischemic group. These four patients showed signs of stem failure, when computed tomography (CT) demonstrated no evidence of additional bleeding and follow-up CT showed the infarction at a part of stem and/or cerebellum. Vasospasm or sudden extensive extension of dissection could be the cause of death. Surgical management was performed in three patients, endovascular intervention in four, and conservative management in two. The patients with incomplete embolization or conservative management had poor outcome. In ischemic group, all underwent conservative management including anticoagulation and/or antiplatelet therapy. On follow-up, most of the patients with ischemic symptoms made complete or very good recoveries.
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Affiliation(s)
- D H Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, R.O.K
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49
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Kawanaka K, Han DH, Nolte LA, Hansen PA, Nakatani A, Holloszy JO. Decreased insulin-stimulated GLUT-4 translocation in glycogen-supercompensated muscles of exercised rats. Am J Physiol 1999; 276:E907-12. [PMID: 10329985 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.1999.276.5.e907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
It was recently found that the effect of an exercise-induced increase in muscle GLUT-4 on insulin-stimulated glucose transport is masked by a decreased responsiveness to insulin in glycogen-supercompensated muscle. We evaluated the role of hexosamines in this decrease in insulin responsiveness and found that UDP-N-acetyl hexosamine concentrations were not higher in glycogen-supercompensated muscles than in control muscles with a low glycogen content. We determined whether the smaller increase in glucose transport is due to translocation of fewer GLUT-4 to the cell surface with the 2-N-4-(1-azi-2,2,2-trifluroethyl)-benzoyl-1, 3-bis(D-mannose-4-yloxy)-2-propylamine (ATB-[2-3H]BMPA) photolabeling technique. The insulin-induced increase in GLUT-4 at the cell surface was no greater in glycogen-supercompensated exercised muscle than in muscles of sedentary controls and only 50% as great as in exercised muscles with a low glycogen content. We conclude that the decreased insulin responsiveness of glucose transport in glycogen-supercompensated muscle is not due to increased accumulation of hexosamine biosynthetic pathway end products and that the smaller increase in glucose transport is mediated by translocation of fewer GLUT-4 to the cell surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kawanaka
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
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50
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Kim JY, Nolte LA, Hansen PA, Han DH, Kawanaka K, Holloszy JO. Insulin resistance of muscle glucose transport in male and female rats fed a high-sucrose diet. Am J Physiol 1999; 276:R665-72. [PMID: 10070126 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.1999.276.3.r665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
It has been reported that, unlike high-fat diets, high-sucrose diets cause insulin resistance in the absence of an increase in visceral fat and that the insulin resistance develops only in male rats. This study was done to 1) determine if isolated muscles of rats fed a high-sucrose diet are resistant to stimulation of glucose transport when studied in vitro and 2) obtain information regarding how the effects of high-sucrose and high-fat diets on muscle insulin resistance differ. We found that, compared with rat chow, semipurified high-sucrose and high-starch diets both caused increased visceral fat accumulation and insulin resistance of skeletal muscle glucose transport. Insulin responsiveness of 2-deoxyglucose (2-DG) transport measured in epitrochlearis and soleus muscles in vitro was decreased approximately 40% (P < 0.01) in both male and female rats fed a high-sucrose compared with a chow diet. The high-sucrose diet also caused resistance of muscle glucose transport to stimulation by contractions. There was a highly significant negative correlation between stimulated muscle 2-DG transport and visceral fat mass. In view of these results, the differences in insulin action in vivo observed by others in rats fed isocaloric high-sucrose and high-starch diets must be due to additional, specific effects of sucrose that do not carry over in muscles studied in vitro. We conclude that, compared with rat chow, semipurified high-sucrose and high-cornstarch diets, like high-fat diets, cause increased visceral fat accumulation and severe resistance of skeletal muscle glucose transport to stimulation by insulin and contractions.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Kim
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
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