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Rodriguez Martin L, Gilles L, Helte E, Åkesson A, Tägt J, Covaci A, Sakhi AK, Van Nieuwenhuyse A, Katsonouri A, Andersson AM, Gutleb AC, Janasik B, Appenzeller B, Gabriel C, Thomsen C, Mazej D, Sarigiannis D, Anastasi E, Barbone F, Tolonen H, Frederiksen H, Klanova J, Koponen J, Tratnik JS, Pack K, Gudrun K, Ólafsdóttir K, Knudsen LE, Rambaud L, Strumylaite L, Murinova LP, Fabelova L, Riou M, Berglund M, Szabados M, Imboden M, Laeremans M, Eštóková M, Janev Holcer N, Probst-Hensch N, Vodrazkova N, Vogel N, Piler P, Schmidt P, Lange R, Namorado S, Kozepesy S, Szigeti T, Halldorsson TI, Weber T, Jensen TK, Rosolen V, Puklova V, Wasowicz W, Sepai O, Stewart L, Kolossa-Gehring M, Esteban-López M, Castaño A, Bessems J, Schoeters G, Govarts E. Time Patterns in Internal Human Exposure Data to Bisphenols, Phthalates, DINCH, Organophosphate Flame Retardants, Cadmium and Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons in Europe. Toxics 2023; 11:819. [PMID: 37888670 PMCID: PMC10610666 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11100819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Human biomonitoring (HBM) data in Europe are often fragmented and collected in different EU countries and sampling periods. Exposure levels for children and adult women in Europe were evaluated over time. For the period 2000-2010, literature and aggregated data were collected in a harmonized way across studies. Between 2011-2012, biobanked samples from the DEMOCOPHES project were used. For 2014-2021, HBM data were generated within the HBM4EU Aligned Studies. Time patterns on internal exposure were evaluated visually and statistically using the 50th and 90th percentiles (P50/P90) for phthalates/DINCH and organophosphorus flame retardants (OPFRs) in children (5-12 years), and cadmium, bisphenols and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in women (24-52 years). Restricted phthalate metabolites show decreasing patterns for children. Phthalate substitute, DINCH, shows a non-significant increasing pattern. For OPFRs, no trends were statistically significant. For women, BPA shows a clear decreasing pattern, while substitutes BPF and BPS show an increasing pattern coinciding with the BPA restrictions introduced. No clear patterns are observed for PAHs or cadmium. Although the causal relations were not studied as such, exposure levels to chemicals restricted at EU level visually decreased, while the levels for some of their substitutes increased. The results support policy efficacy monitoring and the policy-supportive role played by HBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Rodriguez Martin
- VITO Health, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), 2400 Mol, Belgium; (L.G.); (K.G.); (M.L.); (J.B.); (G.S.); (E.G.)
| | - Liese Gilles
- VITO Health, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), 2400 Mol, Belgium; (L.G.); (K.G.); (M.L.); (J.B.); (G.S.); (E.G.)
| | - Emilie Helte
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden; (E.H.); (A.Å.); (J.T.); (M.B.)
| | - Agneta Åkesson
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden; (E.H.); (A.Å.); (J.T.); (M.B.)
| | - Jonas Tägt
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden; (E.H.); (A.Å.); (J.T.); (M.B.)
| | - Adrian Covaci
- Toxicological Centre, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium;
| | - Amrit K. Sakhi
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, 0456 Oslo, Norway; (A.K.S.); (C.T.)
| | - An Van Nieuwenhuyse
- Laboratoire National de Santé (LNS), Rue Louis Rech 1, 3555 Dudelange, Luxembourg;
| | | | - Anna-Maria Andersson
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (A.-M.A.); (H.F.)
- International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), University of Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Arno C. Gutleb
- Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), 4362 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg;
| | - Beata Janasik
- Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, 91-348 Lodz, Poland; (B.J.); (W.W.)
| | | | - Catherine Gabriel
- Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (C.G.); (D.S.)
- HERACLES Research Center on the Exposome and Health, Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation, Balkan Center, Bldg. B, 10th km Thessaloniki-Thermi Road, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Cathrine Thomsen
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, 0456 Oslo, Norway; (A.K.S.); (C.T.)
| | - Darja Mazej
- Jožef Stefan Institute, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (D.M.); (J.S.T.)
| | - Denis Sarigiannis
- Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (C.G.); (D.S.)
- HERACLES Research Center on the Exposome and Health, Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation, Balkan Center, Bldg. B, 10th km Thessaloniki-Thermi Road, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Environmental Health Engineering, Institute of Advanced Study, Palazzo del Broletto–Piazza Della Vittoria 15, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Elena Anastasi
- State General Laboratory, Ministry of Health, 2081 Nicosia, Cyprus; (A.K.); (E.A.)
| | - Fabio Barbone
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Strada di Fiume, 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy;
| | - Hanna Tolonen
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), 00271 Helsinki, Finland; (H.T.); (J.K.)
| | - Hanne Frederiksen
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (A.-M.A.); (H.F.)
| | - Jana Klanova
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (J.K.); (P.P.)
| | - Jani Koponen
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), 00271 Helsinki, Finland; (H.T.); (J.K.)
| | | | - Kim Pack
- Department of Toxicology, Health-Related Environmental Monitoring, German Environment Agency (UBA), 14195 Berlin, Germany; (K.P.); (N.V.); (P.S.); (R.L.); (T.W.)
| | - Koppen Gudrun
- VITO Health, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), 2400 Mol, Belgium; (L.G.); (K.G.); (M.L.); (J.B.); (G.S.); (E.G.)
| | - Kristin Ólafsdóttir
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Iceland, Hofsvallagata 53, 107 Reykjavik, Iceland; (K.Ó.); (T.I.H.)
| | - Lisbeth E. Knudsen
- Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, 1165 Copenhagen, Denmark;
| | - Loïc Rambaud
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Santé Publique France, 94410 Saint Maurice, France (M.R.)
| | - Loreta Strumylaite
- Neuroscience Institute, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania;
| | - Lubica Palkovicova Murinova
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Public Health, Slovak Medical University, 833 03 Bratislava, Slovakia; (L.P.M.)
| | - Lucia Fabelova
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Public Health, Slovak Medical University, 833 03 Bratislava, Slovakia; (L.P.M.)
| | - Margaux Riou
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Santé Publique France, 94410 Saint Maurice, France (M.R.)
| | - Marika Berglund
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden; (E.H.); (A.Å.); (J.T.); (M.B.)
| | - Maté Szabados
- National Public Health Center, Albert Florian 2-6, 1097 Budapest, Hungary; (M.S.); (S.K.); (T.S.)
| | - Medea Imboden
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Kreuzstrasse 2, 4123 Allschwil, Switzerland; (M.I.); (N.P.-H.)
| | - Michelle Laeremans
- VITO Health, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), 2400 Mol, Belgium; (L.G.); (K.G.); (M.L.); (J.B.); (G.S.); (E.G.)
| | - Milada Eštóková
- Department of Environment and Health, Public Health Authority, 83105 Bratislava, Slovakia;
| | - Natasa Janev Holcer
- Division for Environmental Health, Croatian Institute of Public Health, Rockefellerova 7, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
- Department of Social Medicine and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Bráce Branchetta 20/1, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Nicole Probst-Hensch
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Kreuzstrasse 2, 4123 Allschwil, Switzerland; (M.I.); (N.P.-H.)
| | - Nicole Vodrazkova
- Centre for Health and Environment, National Institute of Public Health, 100 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (N.V.); (V.P.)
| | - Nina Vogel
- Department of Toxicology, Health-Related Environmental Monitoring, German Environment Agency (UBA), 14195 Berlin, Germany; (K.P.); (N.V.); (P.S.); (R.L.); (T.W.)
| | - Pavel Piler
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (J.K.); (P.P.)
| | - Phillipp Schmidt
- Department of Toxicology, Health-Related Environmental Monitoring, German Environment Agency (UBA), 14195 Berlin, Germany; (K.P.); (N.V.); (P.S.); (R.L.); (T.W.)
| | - Rosa Lange
- Department of Toxicology, Health-Related Environmental Monitoring, German Environment Agency (UBA), 14195 Berlin, Germany; (K.P.); (N.V.); (P.S.); (R.L.); (T.W.)
| | - Sónia Namorado
- Department of Epidemiology, National Institute of Health Doctor Ricardo Jorge, Avenida Padre Cruz, 1649-016 Lisbon, Portugal;
| | - Szilvia Kozepesy
- National Public Health Center, Albert Florian 2-6, 1097 Budapest, Hungary; (M.S.); (S.K.); (T.S.)
| | - Tamás Szigeti
- National Public Health Center, Albert Florian 2-6, 1097 Budapest, Hungary; (M.S.); (S.K.); (T.S.)
| | - Thorhallur I. Halldorsson
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Iceland, Hofsvallagata 53, 107 Reykjavik, Iceland; (K.Ó.); (T.I.H.)
| | - Till Weber
- Department of Toxicology, Health-Related Environmental Monitoring, German Environment Agency (UBA), 14195 Berlin, Germany; (K.P.); (N.V.); (P.S.); (R.L.); (T.W.)
| | - Tina Kold Jensen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Environmental Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark;
| | - Valentina Rosolen
- Central Directorate for Health, Social Policies and Disability, Friuli Venezia Giulia Region, Via Cassa di Risparmio 10, 34121 Trieste, Italy;
| | - Vladimira Puklova
- Centre for Health and Environment, National Institute of Public Health, 100 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (N.V.); (V.P.)
| | - Wojciech Wasowicz
- Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, 91-348 Lodz, Poland; (B.J.); (W.W.)
| | - Ovnair Sepai
- UKHSA UK Health Security Agency, Harwell Science Park, Chilton OX11 0RQ, UK; (O.S.); (L.S.)
| | - Lorraine Stewart
- UKHSA UK Health Security Agency, Harwell Science Park, Chilton OX11 0RQ, UK; (O.S.); (L.S.)
| | - Marike Kolossa-Gehring
- Department of Toxicology, Health-Related Environmental Monitoring, German Environment Agency (UBA), 14195 Berlin, Germany; (K.P.); (N.V.); (P.S.); (R.L.); (T.W.)
| | - Marta Esteban-López
- National Centre for Environmental Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28220 Majadahonda, Spain; (M.E.-L.); (A.C.)
| | - Argelia Castaño
- National Centre for Environmental Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28220 Majadahonda, Spain; (M.E.-L.); (A.C.)
| | - Jos Bessems
- VITO Health, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), 2400 Mol, Belgium; (L.G.); (K.G.); (M.L.); (J.B.); (G.S.); (E.G.)
| | - Greet Schoeters
- VITO Health, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), 2400 Mol, Belgium; (L.G.); (K.G.); (M.L.); (J.B.); (G.S.); (E.G.)
- Toxicological Centre, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium;
| | - Eva Govarts
- VITO Health, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), 2400 Mol, Belgium; (L.G.); (K.G.); (M.L.); (J.B.); (G.S.); (E.G.)
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Kermenidou M, Frydas IS, Moschoula E, Kousis D, Christofilos D, Karakitsios S, Sarigiannis D. Quantification and characterization of microplastics in the Thermaic Gulf, in the North Aegean Sea. Sci Total Environ 2023:164299. [PMID: 37211124 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The abundance and distribution of microplastics has largely increased during last years and the respective implications on the environment and human health is an emerging field in research. In addition, recent studies in the enclosed Mediterranean Sea in Spain and Italy have shown an extended occurrence of microplastics (MPs) in different sediments of environmental samples. This study is focused on the quantification and the characterization of MPs in the Thermaic Gulf in northern Greece. Briefly, samples from different environmental compartments such as seawater, local beaches and seven commercially available fish species collected and analyzed. MPs particles extracted and classified by size, shape, colour and polymer type. A total of 28,523 microplastic particles recorded in the surface water samples, with their numbers ranging from 189 to 7714 particles per sample. The mean concentration of MPs recorded on the surface water was 1.9 ± 2 items/m3 or 750,846 ± 838,029 items/km2. Beach sediment sample analysis revealed 14,790 microplastic particles, of which 1825 were large microplastics (LMPs, 1-5 mm) and 12,965 were small microplastics (SMPs, <1 mm). Furthermore, beach sediment samples showed a mean concentration of 733.6 ± 136.6 items/m2, with the concentration of LMPs being 90.5 ± 12.4 items/m2 and the concentration of SMPs being 643 ± 132 items/m2. Concerning fish deposition, microplastics were detected in intestines and mean concentrations per species ranged from 1.3 ± 0.6 to 15.0 ± 1.5 items/individual. The differences in microplastic concentrations between species were statistically significant (p < 0.05) and showed that mesopelagic fish contained the highest concentrations, followed by epipelagic species. The most common size fraction found in the data-set was 1.0-2.5 mm, and polyethylene and polypropylene were the most abundant polymer types recorded. This is the first detailed investigation of MPs in Thermaic Gulf, which raises concerns on their potential negative effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kermenidou
- Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece; HERACLES Research Centre on the Exposome and Health, Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - I S Frydas
- Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece; HERACLES Research Centre on the Exposome and Health, Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - E Moschoula
- Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - D Kousis
- Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - D Christofilos
- School of Chemical Engineering & Physics Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - S Karakitsios
- Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece; HERACLES Research Centre on the Exposome and Health, Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - D Sarigiannis
- Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece; HERACLES Research Centre on the Exposome and Health, Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece; School for Advanced Study (IUSS), Science, Technology and Society Department, Environmental Health Engineering, Piazza della Vittoria 15, Pavia 27100, Italy.
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3
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Vogel N, Schmidt P, Lange R, Gerofke A, Sakhi AK, Haug LS, Jensen TK, Frederiksen H, Szigeti T, Csákó Z, Murinova LP, Sidlovska M, Janasik B, Wasowicz W, Tratnik JS, Mazej D, Gabriel C, Karakitsios S, Barbone F, Rosolen V, Rambaud L, Riou M, Murawski A, Leseman D, Koppen G, Covaci A, Lignell S, Lindroos AK, Zvonar M, Andryskova L, Fabelova L, Richterova D, Horvat M, Kosjek T, Sarigiannis D, Maroulis M, Pedraza-Diaz S, Cañas A, Verheyen VJ, Bastiaensen M, Gilles L, Schoeters G, Esteban-López M, Castaño A, Govarts E, Koch HM, Kolossa-Gehring M. Current exposure to phthalates and DINCH in European children and adolescents - Results from the HBM4EU Aligned Studies 2014 to 2021. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2023; 249:114101. [PMID: 36805185 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2022.114101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
Phthalates are mainly used as plasticizers for polyvinyl chloride (PVC). Exposure to several phthalates is associated with different adverse effects most prominently on the development of reproductive functions. The HBM4EU Aligned Studies (2014-2021) have investigated current European exposure to ten phthalates (DEP, BBzP, DiBP, DnBP, DCHP, DnPeP, DEHP, DiNP, DiDP, DnOP) and the substitute DINCH to answer the open policy relevant questions which were defined by HBM4EU partner countries and EU institutions as the starting point of the programme. The exposure dataset includes ∼5,600 children (6-11 years) and adolescents (12-18 years) from up to 12 countries per age group and covering the North, East, South and West European regions. Study data from participating studies were harmonised with respect to sample size and selection of participants, selection of biomarkers, and quality and comparability of analytical results to provide a comparable perspective of European exposure. Phthalate and DINCH exposure were deduced from urinary excretions of metabolites, where concentrations were expressed as their key descriptor geometric mean (GM) and 95th percentile (P95). This study aims at reporting current exposure levels and differences in these between European studies and regions, as well as comparisons to human biomonitoring guidance values (HBM-GVs). GMs for children were highest for ∑DEHP metabolites (33.6 μg/L), MiBP (26.6 μg/L), and MEP (24.4 μg/L) and lowest for∑DiDP metabolites (1.91 μg/L) and ∑DINCH metabolites (3.57 μg/L). In adolescents highest GMs were found for MEP (43.3 μg/L), ∑DEHP metabolites (28.8 μg/L), and MiBP (25.6 μg/L) and lowest for ∑DiDP metabolites (= 2.02 μg/L) and ∑DINCH metabolites (2.51 μg/L). In addition, GMs and P95 stratified by European region, sex, household education level, and degree of urbanization are presented. Differences in average biomarker concentrations between sampling sites (data collections) ranged from factor 2 to 9. Compared to the European average, children in the sampling sites OCC (Denmark), InAirQ (Hungary), and SPECIMEn (The Netherlands) had the lowest concentrations across all metabolites and ESTEBAN (France), NAC II (Italy), and CROME (Greece) the highest. For adolescents, comparably higher metabolite concentrations were found in NEB II (Norway), PCB cohort (Slovakia), and ESTEBAN (France), and lower concentrations in POLAES (Poland), FLEHS IV (Belgium), and GerES V-sub (Germany). Multivariate analyses (Survey Generalized Linear Models) indicate compound-specific differences in average metabolite concentrations between the four European regions. Comparison of individual levels with HBM-GVs revealed highest rates of exceedances for DnBP and DiBP, with up to 3 and 5%, respectively, in children and adolescents. No exceedances were observed for DEP and DINCH. With our results we provide current, detailed, and comparable data on exposure to phthalates in children and - for the first time - in adolescents, and - for the first time - on DINCH in children and adolescents of all four regions of Europe which are particularly suited to inform exposure and risk assessment and answer open policy relevant questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Vogel
- German Environment Agency (UBA), Berlin, Germany.
| | | | - Rosa Lange
- German Environment Agency (UBA), Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | - Line S Haug
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tina Kold Jensen
- IST - Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Environmental Medicine, Odense, Denmark
| | - Hanne Frederiksen
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Zsófia Csákó
- National Public Health Center, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | | | - Beata Janasik
- Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland
| | | | - Janja Snoj Tratnik
- Jozef Stefan Institute, Department of Environmental Sciences, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Darja Mazej
- Jozef Stefan Institute, Department of Environmental Sciences, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Catherine Gabriel
- Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece; HERACLES Research Center on the Exposome and Health, Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation, Thessaloniki-Thermi, Greece
| | - Spyros Karakitsios
- Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece; HERACLES Research Center on the Exposome and Health, Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation, Thessaloniki-Thermi, Greece
| | - Fabio Barbone
- Department of Medicine-DAME, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Valentina Rosolen
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
| | - Loïc Rambaud
- Santé publique France, Environmental and Occupational Health Division, Saint-Maurice, France
| | - Margaux Riou
- Santé publique France, Environmental and Occupational Health Division, Saint-Maurice, France
| | | | - Daan Leseman
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Gudrun Koppen
- VITO Health, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium
| | - Adrian Covaci
- Toxicological Center, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | | | | | - Martin Zvonar
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Andryskova
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lucia Fabelova
- Slovak Medical University, Faculty of Public Health, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Denisa Richterova
- Slovak Medical University, Faculty of Public Health, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Milena Horvat
- Jozef Stefan Institute, Department of Environmental Sciences, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Tina Kosjek
- Jozef Stefan Institute, Department of Environmental Sciences, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Denis Sarigiannis
- Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece; HERACLES Research Center on the Exposome and Health, Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation, Thessaloniki-Thermi, Greece; Environmental Health Engineering, Institute of Advanced Study, Pavia, Italy
| | - Marios Maroulis
- Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece; HERACLES Research Center on the Exposome and Health, Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation, Thessaloniki-Thermi, Greece
| | - Susana Pedraza-Diaz
- National Centre for Environmental Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Cañas
- National Centre for Environmental Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Veerle J Verheyen
- VITO Health, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium
| | | | - Liese Gilles
- VITO Health, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium
| | - Greet Schoeters
- VITO Health, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium; University of Antwerp, Dept of Biomedical Sciences and Toxicological Centre, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Marta Esteban-López
- National Centre for Environmental Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Argelia Castaño
- National Centre for Environmental Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Govarts
- VITO Health, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium
| | - Holger M Koch
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr University Bochum (IPA), Bochum, Germany
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Richterová D, Govarts E, Fábelová L, Rausová K, Rodriguez Martin L, Gilles L, Remy S, Colles A, Rambaud L, Riou M, Gabriel C, Sarigiannis D, Pedraza-Diaz S, Ramos JJ, Kosjek T, Snoj Tratnik J, Lignell S, Gyllenhammar I, Thomsen C, Haug LS, Kolossa-Gehring M, Vogel N, Franken C, Vanlarebeke N, Bruckers L, Stewart L, Sepai O, Schoeters G, Uhl M, Castaño A, Esteban López M, Göen T, Palkovičová Murínová Ľ. PFAS levels and determinants of variability in exposure in European teenagers - Results from the HBM4EU aligned studies (2014-2021). Int J Hyg Environ Health 2023; 247:114057. [PMID: 36327670 PMCID: PMC9758614 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2022.114057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are man-made fluorinated chemicals, widely used in various types of consumer products, resulting in their omnipresence in human populations. The aim of this study was to describe current PFAS levels in European teenagers and to investigate the determinants of serum/plasma concentrations in this specific age group. METHODS PFAS concentrations were determined in serum or plasma samples from 1957 teenagers (12-18 years) from 9 European countries as part of the HBM4EU aligned studies (2014-2021). Questionnaire data were post-harmonized by each study and quality checked centrally. Only PFAS with an overall quantification frequency of at least 60% (PFOS, PFOA, PFHxS and PFNA) were included in the analyses. Sociodemographic and lifestyle factors were analysed together with food consumption frequencies to identify determinants of PFAS exposure. The variables study, sex and the highest educational level of household were included as fixed factors in the multivariable linear regression models for all PFAS and each dietary variable was added to the fixed model one by one and for each PFAS separately. RESULTS The European exposure values for PFAS were reported as geometric means with 95% confidence intervals (CI): PFOS [2.13 μg/L (1.63-2.78)], PFOA ([0.97 μg/L (0.75-1.26)]), PFNA [0.30 μg/L (0.19-0.45)] and PFHxS [0.41 μg/L (0.33-0.52)]. The estimated geometric mean exposure levels were significantly higher in the North and West versus the South and East of Europe. Boys had significantly higher concentrations of the four PFAS compared to girls and significantly higher PFASs concentrations were found in teenagers from households with a higher education level. Consumption of seafood and fish at least 2 times per week was significantly associated with 21% (95% CI: 12-31%) increase in PFOS concentrations and 20% (95% CI: 10-31%) increase in PFNA concentrations as compared to less frequent consumption of seafood and fish. The same trend was observed for PFOA and PFHxS but not statistically significant. Consumption of eggs at least 2 times per week was associated with 11% (95% CI: 2-22%) and 14% (95% CI: 2-27%) increase in PFOS and PFNA concentrations, respectively, as compared to less frequent consumption of eggs. Significantly higher PFOS concentrations were observed for participants consuming offal (14% (95% CI: 3-26%)), the same trend was observed for the other PFAS but not statistically significant. Local food consumption at least 2 times per week was associated with 40% (95% CI: 19-64%) increase in PFOS levels as compared to those consuming local food less frequently. CONCLUSION This work provides information about current levels of PFAS in European teenagers and potential dietary sources of exposure to PFAS in European teenagers. These results can be of use for targeted monitoring of PFAS in food.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Richterová
- Slovak Medical University in Bratislava, Faculty of Public Health, Department of Environmental Medicine, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - E Govarts
- VITO Health, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium
| | - L Fábelová
- Slovak Medical University in Bratislava, Faculty of Public Health, Department of Environmental Medicine, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - K Rausová
- Slovak Medical University in Bratislava, Faculty of Public Health, Department of Environmental Medicine, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - L Rodriguez Martin
- VITO Health, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium
| | - L Gilles
- VITO Health, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium
| | - S Remy
- VITO Health, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium
| | - A Colles
- VITO Health, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium
| | - L Rambaud
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Santé Publique France, Saint-Maurice, France
| | - M Riou
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Santé Publique France, Saint-Maurice, France
| | - C Gabriel
- Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece; HERACLES Research Center on the Exposome and Health, Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation, Balkan Center, Greece
| | - D Sarigiannis
- Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece; HERACLES Research Center on the Exposome and Health, Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation, Balkan Center, Greece; Environmental Health Engineering, Institute of Advanced Study, Pavia, Italy
| | - S Pedraza-Diaz
- National Centre for Environmental Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - J J Ramos
- National Centre for Environmental Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - T Kosjek
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Department of Environmental Sciences, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - J Snoj Tratnik
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Department of Environmental Sciences, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - S Lignell
- Swedish Food Agency, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - C Thomsen
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - L S Haug
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - N Vogel
- German Environment Agency (UBA), GerES V-sub, Germany
| | - C Franken
- Provincial Institute for Hygiene, Antwerp, Belgium
| | | | - L Bruckers
- BioStat, Data Science Institute, Hasselt University, Martelarenlaan 42, 3500, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - L Stewart
- Public Health England, Chilton, United Kingdom
| | - O Sepai
- Public Health England, Chilton, United Kingdom
| | - G Schoeters
- VITO Health, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium
| | - M Uhl
- Umweltbundesamt, Vienna, Austria
| | - A Castaño
- National Centre for Environmental Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - M Esteban López
- National Centre for Environmental Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - T Göen
- Institute and Outpatient Clinic of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ľ Palkovičová Murínová
- Slovak Medical University in Bratislava, Faculty of Public Health, Department of Environmental Medicine, Bratislava, Slovakia.
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5
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Bil W, Govarts E, Zeilmaker MJ, Woutersen M, Bessems J, Ma Y, Thomsen C, Haug LS, Lignell S, Gyllenhammar I, Palkovicova Murinova L, Fabelova L, Tratnik JS, Kosjek T, Gabriel C, Sarigiannis D, Pedraza-Diaz S, Esteban-López M, Castaño A, Rambaud L, Riou M, Franken C, Colles A, Vogel N, Kolossa-Gehring M, Halldorsson TI, Uhl M, Schoeters G, Santonen T, Vinggaard AM. Approaches to mixture risk assessment of PFASs in the European population based on human hazard and biomonitoring data. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2023; 247:114071. [PMID: 36446273 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2022.114071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are a highly persistent, mobile, and bioaccumulative class of chemicals, of which emissions into the environment result in long-lasting contamination with high probability for causing adverse effects to human health and the environment. Within the European Biomonitoring Initiative HBM4EU, samples and data were collected in a harmonized way from human biomonitoring (HBM) studies in Europe to derive current exposure data across a geographic spread. We performed mixture risk assessments based on recent internal exposure data of PFASs in European teenagers generated in the HBM4EU Aligned Studies (dataset with N = 1957, sampling years 2014-2021). Mixture risk assessments were performed based on three hazard-based approaches: the Hazard Index (HI) approach, the sum value approach as used by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) and the Relative Potency Factor (RPF) approach. The HI approach resulted in the highest risk estimates, followed by the RPF approach and the sum value approach. The assessments indicate that PFAS exposure may result in a health risk in a considerable fraction of individuals in the HBM4EU teenager study sample, thereby confirming the conclusion drawn in the recent EFSA scientific opinion. This study underlines that HBM data are of added value in assessing the health risks of aggregate and cumulative exposure to PFASs, as such data are able to reflect exposure from different sources and via different routes.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Bil
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, the Netherlands.
| | - E Govarts
- VITO Health, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium
| | - M J Zeilmaker
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - M Woutersen
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - J Bessems
- VITO Health, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium
| | - Y Ma
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Lyngby, Denmark
| | - C Thomsen
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health (NIPH), Oslo, Norway
| | - L S Haug
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health (NIPH), Oslo, Norway
| | - S Lignell
- Swedish Food Agency, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | | | - L Fabelova
- Faculty of Public Health, Slovak Medical University (SZU), Bratislava, Slovakia
| | | | - T Kosjek
- Jožef Stefan Institute (IJS), Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - C Gabriel
- Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (AUTH), Thessaloniki, Greece; HERACLES Research Center on the Exposome and Health, Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation, Balkan Center, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - D Sarigiannis
- Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (AUTH), Thessaloniki, Greece; HERACLES Research Center on the Exposome and Health, Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation, Balkan Center, Thessaloniki, Greece; Environmental Health Engineering, Institute of Advanced Study, Pavia, Italy
| | - S Pedraza-Diaz
- National Centre for Environmental Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - M Esteban-López
- National Centre for Environmental Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - A Castaño
- National Centre for Environmental Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - L Rambaud
- Santé Publique France, Saint-Maurice, France
| | - M Riou
- Santé Publique France, Saint-Maurice, France
| | - C Franken
- Provincial Institute for Hygiene, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - A Colles
- VITO Health, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium
| | - N Vogel
- German Environment Agency (UBA), Berlin, Germany
| | | | - T I Halldorsson
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Iceland (UI), Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - M Uhl
- Environment Agency Austria (EAA), Vienna, Austria
| | - G Schoeters
- VITO Health, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium
| | - T Santonen
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health (FIOH), Työterveyslaitos, Finland
| | - A M Vinggaard
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Lyngby, Denmark
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6
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Marx-Stoelting P, Rivière G, Luijten M, Aiello-Holden K, Bandow N, Baken K, Cañas A, Castano A, Denys S, Fillol C, Herzler M, Iavicoli I, Karakitsios S, Klanova J, Kolossa-Gehring M, Koutsodimou A, Vicente JL, Lynch I, Namorado S, Norager S, Pittman A, Rotter S, Sarigiannis D, Silva MJ, Theunis J, Tralau T, Uhl M, van Klaveren J, Wendt-Rasch L, Westerholm E, Rousselle C, Sanders P. A walk in the PARC: developing and implementing 21st century chemical risk assessment in Europe. Arch Toxicol 2023; 97:893-908. [PMID: 36645448 PMCID: PMC9968685 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-022-03435-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Current approaches for the assessment of environmental and human health risks due to exposure to chemical substances have served their purpose reasonably well. Nevertheless, the systems in place for different uses of chemicals are faced with various challenges, ranging from a growing number of chemicals to changes in the types of chemicals and materials produced. This has triggered global awareness of the need for a paradigm shift, which in turn has led to the publication of new concepts for chemical risk assessment and explorations of how to translate these concepts into pragmatic approaches. As a result, next-generation risk assessment (NGRA) is generally seen as the way forward. However, incorporating new scientific insights and innovative approaches into hazard and exposure assessments in such a way that regulatory needs are adequately met has appeared to be challenging. The European Partnership for the Assessment of Risks from Chemicals (PARC) has been designed to address various challenges associated with innovating chemical risk assessment. Its overall goal is to consolidate and strengthen the European research and innovation capacity for chemical risk assessment to protect human health and the environment. With around 200 participating organisations from all over Europe, including three European agencies, and a total budget of over 400 million euro, PARC is one of the largest projects of its kind. It has a duration of seven years and is coordinated by ANSES, the French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Marx-Stoelting
- grid.417830.90000 0000 8852 3623German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany
| | - G. Rivière
- grid.15540.350000 0001 0584 7022French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (ANSES), 94701 Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - M. Luijten
- National Institute for Health and Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - K. Aiello-Holden
- grid.417830.90000 0000 8852 3623German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany
| | - N. Bandow
- grid.425100.20000 0004 0554 9748German Environment Agency (UBA), Wörlitzer Platz 1, 06844 Dessau, Germany
| | - K. Baken
- grid.6717.70000000120341548VITO (Flemish Institute for Technological Research), Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - A. Cañas
- grid.413448.e0000 0000 9314 1427National Centre for Environmental Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - A. Castano
- grid.413448.e0000 0000 9314 1427National Centre for Environmental Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - S. Denys
- grid.493975.50000 0004 5948 8741Santé Publique France (SpFrance), 12, Rue du Val D’Osne, 94415 St. Maurice, France
| | - C. Fillol
- grid.493975.50000 0004 5948 8741Santé Publique France (SpFrance), 12, Rue du Val D’Osne, 94415 St. Maurice, France
| | - M. Herzler
- grid.417830.90000 0000 8852 3623German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany
| | - I. Iavicoli
- grid.4691.a0000 0001 0790 385XDepartment of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II (UNINA), Naples, Italy
| | - S. Karakitsios
- grid.4793.90000000109457005Aristoteles University Thessaloniki (AUTH), Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - J. Klanova
- Masaryk Uinversity, Recetox, Kotlarska 2, 61137 Brno, Czechia
| | - M. Kolossa-Gehring
- grid.425100.20000 0004 0554 9748German Environment Agency (UBA), Wörlitzer Platz 1, 06844 Dessau, Germany
| | - A. Koutsodimou
- General Chemical State Laboratory of Greece, Athens, Greece
| | - J. Lobo Vicente
- grid.453985.60000 0004 0619 3405European Environment Agency, Kongens Nytorv 6, 1050 Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - I. Lynch
- grid.6572.60000 0004 1936 7486School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham (UoB), Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT UK
| | - S. Namorado
- grid.422270.10000 0001 2287 695XNational Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge (INSA), Avenida Padre Cruz, 1649-016 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - S. Norager
- grid.270680.bEuropean Commission, DG Research and Innovation, Orban 09/199, 1049 Brussels, Belgium
| | - A. Pittman
- grid.15540.350000 0001 0584 7022French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (ANSES), 94701 Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - S. Rotter
- grid.417830.90000 0000 8852 3623German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany
| | - D. Sarigiannis
- grid.4793.90000000109457005Aristoteles University Thessaloniki (AUTH), Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - M. J. Silva
- grid.422270.10000 0001 2287 695XNational Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge (INSA), Avenida Padre Cruz, 1649-016 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - J. Theunis
- grid.6717.70000000120341548VITO (Flemish Institute for Technological Research), Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - T. Tralau
- grid.417830.90000 0000 8852 3623German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany
| | - M. Uhl
- Austrian Federal Environments Agency, Vienna, Austria
| | - J. van Klaveren
- National Institute for Health and Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - L. Wendt-Rasch
- grid.437386.d0000 0001 1523 2072Swedish Chemicals Agency (KemI), Vasagatan 12D, 172 67 Sundbyberg, Sweden
| | - E. Westerholm
- grid.437386.d0000 0001 1523 2072Swedish Chemicals Agency (KemI), Vasagatan 12D, 172 67 Sundbyberg, Sweden
| | - C. Rousselle
- grid.15540.350000 0001 0584 7022French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (ANSES), 94701 Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - P. Sanders
- grid.15540.350000 0001 0584 7022French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (ANSES), 94701 Maisons-Alfort, France
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7
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Gerofke A, David M, Schmidt P, Vicente JL, Buekers J, Gilles L, Colles A, Bessems J, Bastiaensen M, Covaci A, Den Hond E, Koppen G, Laeremans M, Verheyen VJ, Černá M, Klánová J, Krsková A, Zvonař M, Knudsen LE, Koch HM, Jensen TK, Rambaud L, Riou M, Vogel N, Gabriel C, Karakitsios S, Papaioannou N, Sarigiannis D, Kakucs R, Középesy S, Rudnai P, Szigeti T, Barbone F, Rosolen V, Guignard C, Gutleb AC, Sakhi AK, Haug LS, Janasik B, Ligocka D, Estokova M, Fabelova L, Kolena B, Murinova LP, Petrovicova I, Richterova D, Horvat M, Mazej D, Tratnik JS, Runkel AA, Castaño A, Esteban-López M, Pedraza-Díaz S, Åkesson A, Lignell S, Vlaanderen J, Zock JP, Schoeters G, Kolossa-Gehring M. From science to policy: How European HBM indicators help to answer policy questions related to phthalates and DINCH exposure. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2023; 247:114073. [PMID: 36434900 PMCID: PMC9758616 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2022.114073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Within the European Human Biomonitoring (HBM) Initiative HBM4EU we derived HBM indicators that were designed to help answering key policy questions and support chemical policies. The result indicators convey information on chemicals exposure of different age groups, sexes, geographical regions and time points by comparing median exposure values. If differences are observed for one group or the other, policy measures or risk management options can be implemented. Impact indicators support health risk assessment by comparing exposure values with health-based guidance values, such as human biomonitoring guidance values (HBM-GVs). In general, the indicators should be designed to translate complex scientific information into short and clear messages and make it accessible to policy makers but also to a broader audience such as stakeholders (e.g. NGO's), other scientists and the general public. Based on harmonized data from the HBM4EU Aligned Studies (2014-2021), the usefulness of our indicators was demonstrated for the age group children (6-11 years), using two case examples: one phthalate (Diisobutyl phthalate: DiBP) and one non-phthalate substitute (Di-isononyl cyclohexane-1,2- dicarboxylate: DINCH). For the comparison of age groups, these were compared to data for teenagers (12-18 years), and time periods were compared using data from the DEMOCOPHES project (2011-2012). Our result indicators proved to be suitable for demonstrating the effectiveness of policy measures for DiBP and the need of continuous monitoring for DINCH. They showed similar exposure for boys and girls, indicating that there is no need for gender focused interventions and/or no indication of sex-specific exposure patterns. They created a basis for a targeted approach by highlighting relevant geographical differences in internal exposure. An adequate data basis is essential for revealing differences for all indicators. This was particularly evident in our studies on the indicators on age differences. The impact indicator revealed that health risks based on exposure to DiBP cannot be excluded. This is an indication or flag for risk managers and policy makers that exposure to DiBP still is a relevant health issue. HBM indicators derived within HBM4EU are a valuable and important complement to existing indicator lists in the context of environment and health. Their applicability, current shortcomings and solution strategies are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antje Gerofke
- German Environment Agency (UBA), Corrensplatz 1, 14195, Berlin, Germany,Corresponding author.
| | - Madlen David
- German Environment Agency (UBA), Corrensplatz 1, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Phillipp Schmidt
- German Environment Agency (UBA), Corrensplatz 1, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Joana Lobo Vicente
- European Environment Agency, Kongens Nytorv 6, 1050, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jurgen Buekers
- VITO – Flemish Institute for Technological Research, Unit Health, Boeretang 200, 2400, Mol, Belgium
| | - Liese Gilles
- VITO – Flemish Institute for Technological Research, Unit Health, Boeretang 200, 2400, Mol, Belgium
| | - Ann Colles
- VITO – Flemish Institute for Technological Research, Unit Health, Boeretang 200, 2400, Mol, Belgium
| | - Jos Bessems
- VITO – Flemish Institute for Technological Research, Unit Health, Boeretang 200, 2400, Mol, Belgium
| | | | - Adrian Covaci
- Toxicological Center, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | | | - Gudrun Koppen
- VITO – Flemish Institute for Technological Research, Unit Health, Boeretang 200, 2400, Mol, Belgium
| | - Michelle Laeremans
- VITO – Flemish Institute for Technological Research, Unit Health, Boeretang 200, 2400, Mol, Belgium
| | - Veerle J. Verheyen
- VITO – Flemish Institute for Technological Research, Unit Health, Boeretang 200, 2400, Mol, Belgium
| | - Milena Černá
- National Institute of Public Health, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Klánová
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Andrea Krsková
- National Institute of Public Health, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Zvonař
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, Brno, Czech Republic,Faculty of Sport Studies, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lisbeth E. Knudsen
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen Øster Farimagsgade 5 DK Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Holger M. Koch
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance − Institute of the Ruhr University Bochum (IPA), 44789, Bochum, Germany
| | - Tina Kold Jensen
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Public Health, Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Environmental Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Loïc Rambaud
- Santé publique France, French Public Health Agency (SpFrance), Saint-Maurice, France
| | - Margaux Riou
- Santé publique France, French Public Health Agency (SpFrance), Saint-Maurice, France
| | - Nina Vogel
- German Environment Agency (UBA), Corrensplatz 1, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Catherine Gabriel
- Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece,HERACLES Research Center on the Exposome and Health, Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation, Balkan Center, Bldg. B, 10th km Thessaloniki-Thermi Road, 57001, Greece
| | - Spyros Karakitsios
- Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece,HERACLES Research Center on the Exposome and Health, Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation, Balkan Center, Bldg. B, 10th km Thessaloniki-Thermi Road, 57001, Greece
| | - Nafsika Papaioannou
- Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece,HERACLES Research Center on the Exposome and Health, Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation, Balkan Center, Bldg. B, 10th km Thessaloniki-Thermi Road, 57001, Greece
| | - Denis Sarigiannis
- Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece,HERACLES Research Center on the Exposome and Health, Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation, Balkan Center, Bldg. B, 10th km Thessaloniki-Thermi Road, 57001, Greece,Environmental Health Engineering, Institute of Advanced Study, Palazzo del Broletto - Piazza Della Vittoria 15, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Réka Kakucs
- National Public Health Center, Albert Flórián út 2-6., 1097, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Szilvia Középesy
- National Public Health Center, Albert Flórián út 2-6., 1097, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Rudnai
- National Public Health Center, Albert Flórián út 2-6., 1097, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tamás Szigeti
- National Public Health Center, Albert Flórián út 2-6., 1097, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Fabio Barbone
- Department of Medicine—DAME, University of Udine, Via Colugna 50, 33100, Udine, Italy
| | - Valentina Rosolen
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", 34137, Trieste, Italy
| | - Cedric Guignard
- Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN) Department, 41, rue du Brill, L-4422 Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Arno C. Gutleb
- Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN) Department, 41, rue du Brill, L-4422 Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | | | | | - Beata Janasik
- Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, St. Teresy 8, Lodz, Poland
| | - Danuta Ligocka
- Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, St. Teresy 8, Lodz, Poland
| | - Milada Estokova
- Public Health Authority of the Slovak Republic, Trnavska cesta 52, 826 45, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Lucia Fabelova
- Slovak Medical University, Faculty of Public Health, Limbova 12, 83303 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Branislav Kolena
- Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Tr. A Hlinku 1, 94901 Nitra, Slovakia
| | | | - Ida Petrovicova
- Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Tr. A Hlinku 1, 94901 Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Denisa Richterova
- Slovak Medical University, Faculty of Public Health, Limbova 12, 83303 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Milena Horvat
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Department of Environmental Sciences, Jamova cesta 39, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Darja Mazej
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Department of Environmental Sciences, Jamova cesta 39, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Janja Snoj Tratnik
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Department of Environmental Sciences, Jamova cesta 39, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Agneta Annika Runkel
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Department of Environmental Sciences, Jamova cesta 39, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Argelia Castaño
- National Centre for Environmental Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Esteban-López
- National Centre for Environmental Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Susana Pedraza-Díaz
- National Centre for Environmental Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Agneta Åkesson
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sanna Lignell
- Swedish Food Agency, PO Box 622, SE-751 26, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jelle Vlaanderen
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jan-Paul Zock
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Greet Schoeters
- VITO – Flemish Institute for Technological Research, Unit Health, Boeretang 200, 2400, Mol, Belgium
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8
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Schillemans T, Iszatt N, Remy S, Schoeters G, Fernández MF, D'Cruz SC, Desalegn A, Haug LS, Lignell S, Lindroos AK, Fábelová L, Murinova LP, Kosjek T, Tkalec Ž, Gabriel C, Sarigiannis D, Pedraza-Díaz S, Esteban-López M, Castaño A, Rambaud L, Riou M, Pauwels S, Vanlarebeke N, Kolossa-Gehring M, Vogel N, Uhl M, Govarts E, Åkesson A. Cross-sectional associations between exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and body mass index among European teenagers in the HBM4EU aligned studies. Environ Pollut 2023; 316:120566. [PMID: 36334774 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are widespread pollutants that may impact youth adiposity patterns. We investigated cross-sectional associations between PFAS and body mass index (BMI) in teenagers/adolescents across nine European countries within the Human Biomonitoring for Europe (HBM4EU) initiative. We used data from 1957 teenagers (12-18 yrs) that were part of the HBM4EU aligned studies, consisting of nine HBM studies (NEBII, Norway; Riksmaten Adolescents 2016-17, Sweden; PCB cohort (follow-up), Slovakia; SLO CRP, Slovenia; CROME, Greece; BEA, Spain; ESTEBAN, France; FLEHS IV, Belgium; GerES V-sub, Germany). Twelve PFAS were measured in blood, whilst weight and height were measured by field nurse/physician or self-reported in questionnaires. We assessed associations between PFAS and age- and sex-adjusted BMI z-scores using linear and logistic regression adjusted for potential confounders. Random-effects meta-analysis and mixed effects models were used to pool studies. We assessed mixture effects using molar sums of exposure biomarkers with toxicological/structural similarities and quantile g-computation. In all studies, the highest concentrations of PFAS were PFOS (medians ranging from 1.34 to 2.79 μg/L). There was a tendency for negative associations with BMI z-scores for all PFAS (except for PFHxS and PFHpS), which was borderline significant for the molar sum of [PFOA and PFNA] and significant for single PFOA [β-coefficient (95% CI) per interquartile range fold change = -0.06 (-0.17, 0.00) and -0.08 (-0.15, -0.01), respectively]. Mixture assessment indicated similar negative associations of the total mixture of [PFOA, PFNA, PFHxS and PFOS] with BMI z-score, but not all compounds showed associations in the same direction: whilst [PFOA, PFNA and PFOS] were negatively associated, [PFHxS] associated positively with BMI z-score. Our results indicated a tendency for associations of relatively low PFAS concentrations with lower BMI in European teenagers. More prospective research is needed to investigate this potential relationship and its implications for health later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tessa Schillemans
- Unit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden.
| | - Nina Iszatt
- Division of Climate and Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Norway
| | - Sylvie Remy
- VITO Health, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium
| | - Greet Schoeters
- VITO Health, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Mariana F Fernández
- Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM) and School of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Shereen Cynthia D'Cruz
- Univ Rennes, EHESP, Inserm, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail), Rennes, France
| | - Anteneh Desalegn
- Division of Food Safety, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Norway
| | - Line S Haug
- Division of Food Safety, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Norway
| | | | | | - Lucia Fábelová
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Public Health, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Lubica Palkovicova Murinova
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Public Health, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Tina Kosjek
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Žiga Tkalec
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Catherine Gabriel
- Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece; HERACLES Research Center on the Exposome and Health, Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation, Balkan Center, Bldg. B, 10th Km Thessaloniki-Thermi Road, 57001, Greece
| | - Denis Sarigiannis
- Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece; HERACLES Research Center on the Exposome and Health, Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation, Balkan Center, Bldg. B, 10th Km Thessaloniki-Thermi Road, 57001, Greece; Environmental Health Engineering, Institute of Advanced Study, Palazzo Del Broletto - Piazza Della Vittoria 15, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Susana Pedraza-Díaz
- National Centre for Environmental Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Esteban-López
- National Centre for Environmental Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Argelia Castaño
- National Centre for Environmental Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Loïc Rambaud
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Santé Publique France, Saint-Maurice, France
| | - Margaux Riou
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Santé Publique France, Saint-Maurice, France
| | - Sara Pauwels
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nik Vanlarebeke
- Department of Analytical and Environmental Chemistry, Free University of Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Nina Vogel
- German Environment Agency, Umweltbundesamt (UBA), Berlin, Germany
| | - Maria Uhl
- Environment Agency Austria, Vienna, Austria
| | - Eva Govarts
- VITO Health, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium
| | - Agneta Åkesson
- Unit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
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9
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Papaioannou N, Papageorgiou T, Gabriel C, Le Mentec H, Lagadic-Gossmann D, Karakitsios S, Podechard N, Sarigiannis D. P20-14 Metabolomic and lipidomic profiling of zebrafish (danio rerio) embryos exposed to amiodarone and DEHP. Toxicol Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2022.07.680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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10
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Barouki R, Audouze K, Becker C, Blaha L, Coumoul X, Karakitsios S, Klanova J, Miller GW, Price EJ, Sarigiannis D. The Exposome and Toxicology: A Win-Win Collaboration. Toxicol Sci 2022; 186:1-11. [PMID: 34878125 PMCID: PMC9019839 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfab149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of the exposome concept has been one of the hallmarks of environmental and health research for the last decade. The exposome encompasses the life course environmental exposures including lifestyle factors from the prenatal period onwards. It has inspired many research programs and is expected to influence environmental and health research, practices, and policies. Yet, the links bridging toxicology and the exposome concept have not been well developed. In this review, we describe how the exposome framework can interface with and influence the field of toxicology, as well as how the field of toxicology can help advance the exposome field by providing the needed mechanistic understanding of the exposome impacts on health. Indeed, exposome-informed toxicology is expected to emphasize several orientations including (1) developing approaches integrating multiple stressors, in particular chemical mixtures, as well as the interaction of chemicals with other stressors, (2) using mechanistic frameworks such as the adverse outcome pathways to link the different stressors with toxicity outcomes, (3) characterizing the mechanistic basis of long-term effects by distinguishing different patterns of exposures and further exploring the environment-DNA interface through genetic and epigenetic studies, and (4) improving the links between environmental and human health, in particular through a stronger connection between alterations in our ecosystems and human toxicology. The exposome concept provides the linkage between the complex environment and contemporary mechanistic toxicology. What toxicology can bring to exposome characterization is a needed framework for mechanistic understanding and regulatory outcomes in risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Barouki
- Inserm UMR S-1124, Université de Paris, T3S, Paris F-75006, France
- Service de Biochimie métabolomique et protéomique, Hôpital Necker enfants malades, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Karine Audouze
- Inserm UMR S-1124, Université de Paris, T3S, Paris F-75006, France
| | - Christel Becker
- Inserm UMR S-1124, Université de Paris, T3S, Paris F-75006, France
| | - Ludek Blaha
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno 60200, Czech Republic
| | - Xavier Coumoul
- Inserm UMR S-1124, Université de Paris, T3S, Paris F-75006, France
| | - Spyros Karakitsios
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation, HERACLES Research Center on the Exposome and Health, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 57001, Greece
- Enve.X, Thessaloniki 55133, Greece
| | - Jana Klanova
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno 60200, Czech Republic
| | - Gary W Miller
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Elliott J Price
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno 60200, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Sports Studies, Masaryk University, Brno 62500, Czech Republic
| | - Denis Sarigiannis
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation, HERACLES Research Center on the Exposome and Health, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 57001, Greece
- Enve.X, Thessaloniki 55133, Greece
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11
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Destoumieux-Garzón D, Matthies-Wiesler F, Bierne N, Binot A, Boissier J, Devouge A, Garric J, Gruetzmacher K, Grunau C, Guégan JF, Hurtrez-Boussès S, Huss A, Morand S, Palmer C, Sarigiannis D, Vermeulen R, Barouki R. Getting out of crises: Environmental, social-ecological and evolutionary research is needed to avoid future risks of pandemics. Environ Int 2022; 158:106915. [PMID: 34634622 PMCID: PMC8500703 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The implementation of One Health/EcoHealth/Planetary Health approaches has been identified as key (i) to address the strong interconnections between risk for pandemics, climate change and biodiversity loss and (ii) to develop and implement solutions to these interlinked crises. As a response to the multiple calls from scientists on that subject, we have here proposed seven long-term research questions regarding COVID-19 and emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) that are based on effective integration of environmental, ecological, evolutionary, and social sciences to better anticipate and mitigate EIDs. Research needs cover the social ecology of infectious disease agents, their evolution, the determinants of susceptibility of humans and animals to infections, and the human and ecological factors accelerating infectious disease emergence. For comprehensive investigation, they include the development of nature-based solutions to interlinked global planetary crises, addressing ethical and philosophical questions regarding the relationship of humans to nature and regarding transformative changes to safeguard the environment and human health. In support of this research, we propose the implementation of innovative multidisciplinary facilities embedded in social ecosystems locally: ecological health observatories and living laboratories. This work was carried out in the frame of the European Community project HERA (www.HERAresearchEU.eu), which aims to set priorities for an environment, climate and health research agenda in the European Union by adopting a systemic approach in the face of global environmental change.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Franziska Matthies-Wiesler
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Germany.
| | - Nicolas Bierne
- ISEM, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - Aurélie Binot
- Animals, health, Territories, Risks and Ecosystem (ASTRE), University of Montpellier, Agricultural Research for Development (CIRAD), National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and the Environment (INRAE), Montpellier, France
| | - Jérôme Boissier
- IHPE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, IFREMER, Univ Perpignan Via Domitia, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Jeanne Garric
- Institut national de recherche pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (INRAE), UR Riverly, F-69625 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Kim Gruetzmacher
- Museum für Naturkunde - Leibniz Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science, Berlin Germany
| | - Christoph Grunau
- IHPE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, IFREMER, Univ Perpignan Via Domitia, Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-François Guégan
- Animals, health, Territories, Risks and Ecosystem (ASTRE), University of Montpellier, Agricultural Research for Development (CIRAD), National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and the Environment (INRAE), Montpellier, France; MIVEGEC, Univ Montpellier, IRD, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Sylvie Hurtrez-Boussès
- MIVEGEC, Univ Montpellier, IRD, CNRS, Montpellier, France; Département de Biologie-Ecologie, Faculté des Sciences, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Serge Morand
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - UMR ASTRE, CIRAD, INRAE - Faculty of Veterinary Technology, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Clare Palmer
- Department of Philosophy, YMCA Building, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Denis Sarigiannis
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54164, Greece; University School for Advanced Study IUSS, Pavia, Italy
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12
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Degrendele C, Kanduč T, Kocman D, Lammel G, Cambelová A, Dos Santos SG, Horvat M, Kukučka P, Holubová Šmejkalová A, Mikeš O, Nuñez-Corcuera B, Přibylová P, Prokeš R, Saňka O, Maggos T, Sarigiannis D, Klánová J. NPAHs and OPAHs in the atmosphere of two central European cities: Seasonality, urban-to-background gradients, cancer risks and gas-to-particle partitioning. Sci Total Environ 2021; 793:148528. [PMID: 34328964 PMCID: PMC8434474 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Derivatives of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) such as nitrated- and oxygenated-PAHs (NPAHs and OPAHs) could be even more toxic and harmful for the environment and humans than PAHs. We assessed the spatial and seasonal variations of NPAHs and OPAHs atmospheric levels, their cancer risks and their gas-to-particle partitioning. To this end, about 250 samples of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and 50 gaseous samples were collected in 2017 in central Europe in the cities of Brno and Ljubljana (two traffic and two urban background sites) as well as one rural site. The average particulate concentrations were ranging from below limit of quantification to 593 pg m-3 for Σ9NPAHs and from 1.64 to 4330 pg m-3 for Σ11OPAHs, with significantly higher concentrations in winter compared to summer. In winter, the particulate levels of NPAHs and OPAHs were higher at the traffic site compared to the urban background site in Brno while the opposite was found in Ljubljana. NPAHs and OPAHs particulate levels were influenced by the meteorological parameters and co-varied with several air pollutants. The significance of secondary formation on the occurrence of some NPAHs and OPAHs is indicated. In winter, 27-47% of samples collected at all sites were above the acceptable lifetime carcinogenic risk. The gas-particle partitioning of NPAHs and OPAHs was influenced by their physico-chemical properties, the season and the site-specific aerosol composition. Three NPAHs and five OPAHs had higher particulate mass fractions at the traffic site, suggesting they could be primarily emitted as particles from vehicle traffic and subsequently partitioning to the gas phase along air transport. This study underlines the importance of inclusion of the gas phase in addition to the particulate phase when assessing the atmospheric fate of polycyclic aromatic compounds and also when assessing the related health risk.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tjaša Kanduč
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Slovenia
| | - David Kocman
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Slovenia
| | | | | | - Saul Garcia Dos Santos
- Área de Contaminación Atmosférica, Centro Nacional de Sanidad Ambiental Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - Milena Horvat
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Slovenia
| | - Petr Kukučka
- RECETOX Centre, Masaryk University, Czech Republic
| | | | - Ondřej Mikeš
- RECETOX Centre, Masaryk University, Czech Republic
| | - Beatriz Nuñez-Corcuera
- Área de Contaminación Atmosférica, Centro Nacional de Sanidad Ambiental Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | | | - Roman Prokeš
- RECETOX Centre, Masaryk University, Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Saňka
- RECETOX Centre, Masaryk University, Czech Republic
| | - Thomas Maggos
- Atmospheric Chemistry & Innovative Technologies Laboratory, NCSR "Demokritos", Greece
| | - Denis Sarigiannis
- Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece; HERACLES Research Centre on the Exposome and Health, Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation, Thessaloniki, Greece; University School of Advanced Study, Pavia, Italy
| | - Jana Klánová
- RECETOX Centre, Masaryk University, Czech Republic
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13
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Jornod F, Jaylet T, Blaha L, Sarigiannis D, Tamisier L, Audouze K. AOP-helpFinder webserver: a tool for comprehensive analysis of the literature to support adverse outcome pathways development. Bioinformatics 2021; 38:1173-1175. [PMID: 34718414 PMCID: PMC8796376 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btab750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
MOTIVATION Adverse outcome pathways (AOPs) are a conceptual framework developed to support the use of alternative toxicology approaches in the risk assessment. AOPs are structured linear organizations of existing knowledge illustrating causal pathways from the initial molecular perturbation triggered by various stressors, through key events (KEs) at different levels of biology, to the ultimate health or ecotoxicological adverse outcome. RESULTS Artificial intelligence can be used to systematically explore available toxicological data that can be parsed in the scientific literature. Recently, a tool called AOP-helpFinder was developed to identify associations between stressors and KEs supporting thus documentation of AOPs. To facilitate the utilization of this advanced bioinformatics tool by the scientific and the regulatory community, a webserver was created. The proposed AOP-helpFinder webserver uses better performing version of the tool which reduces the need for manual curation of the obtained results. As an example, the server was successfully applied to explore relationships of a set of endocrine disruptors with metabolic-related events. The AOP-helpFinder webserver assists in a rapid evaluation of existing knowledge stored in the PubMed database, a global resource of scientific information, to build AOPs and Adverse Outcome Networks supporting the chemical risk assessment. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION AOP-helpFinder is available at http://aop-helpfinder.u-paris-sciences.fr/index.php. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence Jornod
- Université de Paris, T3S, Inserm UMR-S1124, Paris F-75006, France
| | - Thomas Jaylet
- Université de Paris, T3S, Inserm UMR-S1124, Paris F-75006, France
| | - Ludek Blaha
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno CZ62500, Czech Republic
| | - Denis Sarigiannis
- HERACLES Research Center on the Exposome and Health, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Center for Interdiciplinary Research and Innovation, Thessaloniki 57001, Greece
| | - Luc Tamisier
- Université de Paris, SPPIN CNRS UMR 8003,Paris F-75006, France
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14
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Karakitsios S, Petridis I, Kokaraki V, Sarigiannis D. Toxicokinetic interactions of industrial chemical mixtures as internal exposure modifiers. Toxicol Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4274(21)00798-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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15
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Kermenidou M, Balcells L, Martinez-Boubeta C, Chatziavramidis A, Konstantinidis I, Samaras T, Sarigiannis D, Simeonidis K. Magnetic nanoparticles: An indicator of health risks related to anthropogenic airborne particulate matter. Environ Pollut 2021; 271:116309. [PMID: 33387781 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Due to their small dimensions, airborne particles are able to penetrate through inhalation into many human organs, from the lungs to the cardiovascular system and the brain, which can threaten our health. This work establishes a novel approach of collecting quantitative data regarding the fraction, the composition and the size distribution of combustion-emitted particulate matter through the magnetic characterization and analysis of samples received by common air pollution monitoring. To this end, SQUID magnetometry measurements were carried out for samples from urban and suburban areas in Thessaloniki, the second largest city of Greece, taking into consideration the seasonal and weekly variation of airborne particles levels as determined by occurring traffic and meteorological conditions. The level of estimated magnetically-responding atmospheric particulate matter was at least 0.5 % wt. of the collected samples, mostly being present in the form of ultrafine particles with nuclei sizes of approximately 14 nm and their aggregates. The estimated quantities of magnetic particulate matter show maximum values during autumn months (0.8 % wt.) when increased commuting takes place, appearing higher in the city center by up to 50% than those in suburban areas. In combination with high-resolution transmission electron imaging and elemental analysis, it was found that Fe3O4 and similar ferrites, some of them attached to heavy metals (Co, Cr), are the dominant magnetic contributors arising from anthropogenic high-temperature processes, e.g. due to traffic emissions. Importantly, nasal cytologic samples collected from residents of both central and suburban areas showed same pattern in what concerns magnetic behavior, thus verifying the critical role of nanosized magnetic particles in the assessment of air pollution threats. Despite the inherent statistical limitations of our study, such findings also indicate the potential transmission of infectious pathogens by means of pollution-derived nanoparticles into the respiratory system of the human body.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kermenidou
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ll Balcells
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, CSIC, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - C Martinez-Boubeta
- Ecoresources P.C., Giannitson-Santaroza Str. 15-17, 54627 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - A Chatziavramidis
- 2nd Academic Otorhinolaryngology Department, General Hospital Papageorgiou, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 56403 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - I Konstantinidis
- 2nd Academic Otorhinolaryngology Department, General Hospital Papageorgiou, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 56403 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - T Samaras
- Department of Physics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - D Sarigiannis
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - K Simeonidis
- Ecoresources P.C., Giannitson-Santaroza Str. 15-17, 54627 Thessaloniki, Greece; Department of Physics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
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16
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Mueller W, Wilkinson P, Milner J, Vardoulakis S, Steinle S, Pärkkä J, Parmes E, Cluitmans L, Kuijpers E, Pronk A, Sarigiannis D, Karakitsios S, Chapizanis D, Maggos T, Stamatelopoulou A, Loh M. Neighbourhood and path-based greenspace in three European countries: associations with objective physical activity. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:282. [PMID: 33541323 PMCID: PMC7860634 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-10259-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Greenspace has been associated with health benefits in many contexts. An important pathway may be through outdoor physical activity. We use a novel approach to examine the link between greenspace microenvironments and outdoor physical activity levels in the HEALS study conducted in Edinburgh (UK), the Netherlands, and Athens and Thessaloniki (Greece). Methods Using physical activity tracker recordings, 118 HEALS participants with young children were classified with regard to daily minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA); 60 were classified with regard to the metabolic equivalent task (MET)-minutes for each of the 1014 active trips they made. Greenspace indicators were generated for Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), tree cover density (TCD), and green land use (GLU). We employed linear mixed-effects models to analyse (1) daily MVPA in relation to greenspace within 300 m and 1000 m of residential addresses and (2) trip MET-minutes in relation to average greenspace within a 50 m buffer of walking/cycling routes. Models were adjusted for activity, walkability, bluespace, age, sex, car ownership, dog ownership, season, weekday/weekend day, and local meteorology. Results There was no clear association between MVPA-minutes and any residential greenspace measure. For example, in fully adjusted models, a 10 percentage point increase in NDVI within 300 m of home was associated with a daily increase of 1.14 (95% CI − 0.41 to 2.70) minutes of MVPA. However, we did find evidence to indicate greenspace markers were positively linked to intensity and duration of activity: in fully adjusted models, 10 percentage point increases in trip NDVI, TCD, and GLU were associated with increases of 10.4 (95% CI: 4.43 to 16.4), 10.6 (95% CI: 4.96 to 16.3), and 3.36 (95% CI: 0.00 to 6.72) MET-minutes, respectively. The magnitude of associations with greenspace tended to be greater for cycling. Conclusions More strenuous or longer walking and cycling trips occurred in environments with more greenspace, but levels of residential greenspace did not have a clear link with outdoor MVPA. To build on our research, we suggest future work examine larger, more diverse populations and investigate the influence of greenspace for trip purpose and route preference. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-021-10259-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Mueller
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Edinburgh, UK. .,London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
| | - Paul Wilkinson
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - James Milner
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Sotiris Vardoulakis
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Edinburgh, UK.,National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | | | - Juha Pärkkä
- , VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Finland
| | - Eija Parmes
- , VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Finland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Thomas Maggos
- National Centre for Scientific Research 'Demokritos', Athens, Greece
| | | | - Miranda Loh
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Edinburgh, UK
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17
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Saraga D, Maggos T, Degrendele C, Klánová J, Horvat M, Kocman D, Kanduč T, Garcia Dos Santos S, Franco R, Gómez PM, Manousakas M, Bairachtari K, Eleftheriadis K, Kermenidou M, Karakitsios S, Gotti A, Sarigiannis D. Multi-city comparative PM 2.5 source apportionment for fifteen sites in Europe: The ICARUS project. Sci Total Environ 2021; 751:141855. [PMID: 32889477 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
PM2.5 is an air pollution metric widely used to assess air quality, with the European Union having set targets for reduction in PM2.5 levels and population exposure. A major challenge for the scientific community is to identify, quantify and characterize the sources of atmospheric particles in the aspect of proposing effective control strategies. In the frame of ICARUS EU2020 project, a comprehensive database including PM2.5 concentration and chemical composition (ions, metals, organic/elemental carbon, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons) from three sites (traffic, urban background, rural) of five European cities (Athens, Brno, Ljubljana, Madrid, Thessaloniki) was created. The common and synchronous sampling (two seasons involved) and analysis procedure offered the prospect of a harmonized Positive Matrix Factorization model approach, with the scope of identifying the similarities and differences of PM2.5 key-source chemical fingerprints across the sampling sites. The results indicated that the average contribution of traffic exhausts to PM2.5 concentration was 23.3% (traffic sites), 13.3% (urban background sites) and 8.8% (rural sites). The average contribution of traffic non-exhausts was 12.6% (traffic), 13.5% (urban background) and 6.1% (rural sites). The contribution of fuel oil combustion was 3.8% at traffic, 11.6% at urban background and 18.7% at rural sites. Biomass burning contribution was 22% at traffic sites, 30% at urban background sites and 28% at rural sites. Regarding soil dust, the average contribution was 5% and 8% at traffic and urban background sites respectively and 16% at rural sites. Sea salt contribution was low (1-4%) while secondary aerosols corresponded to the 16-34% of PM2.5. The homogeneity of the chemical profiles as well as their relationship with prevailing meteorological parameters were investigated. The results showed that fuel oil combustion, traffic non-exhausts and soil dust profiles are considered as dissimilar while biomass burning, sea salt and traffic exhaust can be characterized as relatively homogenous among the sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Saraga
- National Centre for Scientific Research 'Demokritos', Atmospheric Chemistry & Innovative Technologies Laboratory, 15310 Aghia Paraskevi, Athens, Greece.
| | - T Maggos
- National Centre for Scientific Research 'Demokritos', Atmospheric Chemistry & Innovative Technologies Laboratory, 15310 Aghia Paraskevi, Athens, Greece
| | - C Degrendele
- Masaryk University, RECETOX Centre, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - J Klánová
- Masaryk University, RECETOX Centre, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - M Horvat
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - D Kocman
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - T Kanduč
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - S Garcia Dos Santos
- Instituto de salud Carlos III, Área de Contaminación Atmosférica, Centro Nacional de Sanidad Ambiental, Ctra. Majadahonda a Pozuelo, 28220 Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - R Franco
- Instituto de salud Carlos III, Área de Contaminación Atmosférica, Centro Nacional de Sanidad Ambiental, Ctra. Majadahonda a Pozuelo, 28220 Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - P Morillo Gómez
- Instituto de salud Carlos III, Área de Contaminación Atmosférica, Centro Nacional de Sanidad Ambiental, Ctra. Majadahonda a Pozuelo, 28220 Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Manousakas
- National Centre for Scientific Research 'Demokritos', Environmental Radioactivity Laboratory, 15310 Aghia Paraskevi, Athens, Greece
| | - K Bairachtari
- National Centre for Scientific Research 'Demokritos', Atmospheric Chemistry & Innovative Technologies Laboratory, 15310 Aghia Paraskevi, Athens, Greece
| | - K Eleftheriadis
- National Centre for Scientific Research 'Demokritos', Environmental Radioactivity Laboratory, 15310 Aghia Paraskevi, Athens, Greece
| | - M Kermenidou
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (AUTH), Environmental Engineering Laboratory, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - S Karakitsios
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (AUTH), Environmental Engineering Laboratory, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - A Gotti
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (AUTH), Environmental Engineering Laboratory, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - D Sarigiannis
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (AUTH), Environmental Engineering Laboratory, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
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18
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Barouki R, Kogevinas M, Audouze K, Belesova K, Bergman A, Birnbaum L, Boekhold S, Denys S, Desseille C, Drakvik E, Frumkin H, Garric J, Destoumieux-Garzon D, Haines A, Huss A, Jensen G, Karakitsios S, Klanova J, Koskela IM, Laden F, Marano F, Franziska Matthies-Wiesler E, Morris G, Nowacki J, Paloniemi R, Pearce N, Peters A, Rekola A, Sarigiannis D, Šebková K, Slama R, Staatsen B, Tonne C, Vermeulen R, Vineis P. The COVID-19 pandemic and global environmental change: Emerging research needs. Environ Int 2021; 146:106272. [PMID: 33238229 PMCID: PMC7674147 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.106272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The outbreak of COVID-19 raised numerous questions on the interactions between the occurrence of new infections, the environment, climate and health. The European Union requested the H2020 HERA project which aims at setting priorities in research on environment, climate and health, to identify relevant research needs regarding Covid-19. The emergence and spread of SARS-CoV-2 appears to be related to urbanization, habitat destruction, live animal trade, intensive livestock farming and global travel. The contribution of climate and air pollution requires additional studies. Importantly, the severity of COVID-19 depends on the interactions between the viral infection, ageing and chronic diseases such as metabolic, respiratory and cardiovascular diseases and obesity which are themselves influenced by environmental stressors. The mechanisms of these interactions deserve additional scrutiny. Both the pandemic and the social response to the disease have elicited an array of behavioural and societal changes that may remain long after the pandemic and that may have long term health effects including on mental health. Recovery plans are currently being discussed or implemented and the environmental and health impacts of those plans are not clearly foreseen. Clearly, COVID-19 will have a long-lasting impact on the environmental health field and will open new research perspectives and policy needs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Julia Nowacki
- WHO European Centre for Environment and Health, Germany
| | | | - Neil Pearce
- CNRS, Université de Montpellier, IFREMER, UPVD, France
| | | | | | | | | | - Remy Slama
- INSERM, CNRS, Université de Grenoble-Alpes, IAB, France
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19
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Pourchet M, Debrauwer L, Klanova J, Price EJ, Covaci A, Caballero-Casero N, Oberacher H, Lamoree M, Damont A, Fenaille F, Vlaanderen J, Meijer J, Krauss M, Sarigiannis D, Barouki R, Le Bizec B, Antignac JP. Suspect and non-targeted screening of chemicals of emerging concern for human biomonitoring, environmental health studies and support to risk assessment: From promises to challenges and harmonisation issues. Environ Int 2020; 139:105545. [PMID: 32361063 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Large-scale suspect and non-targeted screening approaches based on high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) are today available for chemical profiling and holistic characterisation of biological samples. These advanced techniques allow the simultaneous detection of a large number of chemical features, including markers of human chemical exposure. Such markers are of interest for biomonitoring, environmental health studies and support to risk assessment. Furthermore, these screening approaches have the promising capability to detect chemicals of emerging concern (CECs), document the extent of human chemical exposure, generate new research hypotheses and provide early warning support to policy. Whilst of growing importance in the environment and food safety areas, respectively, CECs remain poorly addressed in the field of human biomonitoring. This shortfall is due to several scientific and methodological reasons, including a global lack of harmonisation. In this context, the main aim of this paper is to present an overview of the basic principles, promises and challenges of suspect and non-targeted screening approaches applied to human samples as this specific field introduce major specificities compared to other fields. Focused on liquid chromatography coupled to HRMS-based data acquisition methods, this overview addresses all steps of these new analytical workflows. Beyond this general picture, the main activities carried out on this topic within the particular framework of the European Human Biomonitoring initiative (project HBM4EU, 2017-2021) are described, with an emphasis on harmonisation measures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laurent Debrauwer
- TOXALIM (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Toulouse University, INRAE UMR 1331, ENVT, INP-Purpan, Paul Sabatier University, 31027 Toulouse, France; Metatoul-AXIOM Platform, National Infrastructure for Metabolomics and Fluxomics: MetaboHUB, Toxalim, INRAE, F-31027 Toulouse, France
| | - Jana Klanova
- RECETOX Centre, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Elliott J Price
- RECETOX Centre, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; Faculty of Sports Studies, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Adrian Covaci
- Toxicological Center, University of Antwerp, Belgium
| | | | - Herbert Oberacher
- Institute of Legal Medicine and Core Facility Metabolomics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Marja Lamoree
- Vrije Universiteit, Department Environment & Health, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Annelaure Damont
- Service de Pharmacologie et d'Immunoanalyse, Laboratoire d'Etude du Métabolisme des Médicaments, CEA, INRA, Université Paris Saclay, MetaboHUB, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - François Fenaille
- Service de Pharmacologie et d'Immunoanalyse, Laboratoire d'Etude du Métabolisme des Médicaments, CEA, INRA, Université Paris Saclay, MetaboHUB, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Jelle Vlaanderen
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Meijer
- Vrije Universiteit, Department Environment & Health, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Martin Krauss
- UFZ, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Denis Sarigiannis
- HERACLES Research Center on the Exposome and Health, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Robert Barouki
- Unité UMR-S 1124 Inserm-Université Paris Descartes "Toxicologie Pharmacologie et Signalisation Cellulaire", Paris, France
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20
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Audouze K, Sarigiannis D, Alonso-Magdalena P, Brochot C, Casas M, Vrijheid M, Babin PJ, Karakitsios S, Coumoul X, Barouki R. Integrative Strategy of Testing Systems for Identification of Endocrine Disruptors Inducing Metabolic Disorders-An Introduction to the OBERON Project. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21082988. [PMID: 32340264 PMCID: PMC7216143 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21082988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure to chemical substances that can produce endocrine disrupting effects represents one of the most critical public health threats nowadays. In line with the regulatory framework implemented within the European Union (EU) to reduce the levels of endocrine disruptors (EDs) for consumers, new and effective methods for ED testing are needed. The OBERON project will build an integrated testing strategy (ITS) to detect ED-related metabolic disorders by developing, improving and validating a battery of test systems. It will be based on the concept of an integrated approach for testing and assessment (IATA). OBERON will combine (1) experimental methods (in vitro, e.g., using 2D and 3D human-derived cells and tissues, and in vivo, i.e., using zebrafish at different stages), (2) high throughput omics technologies, (3) epidemiology and human biomonitoring studies and (4) advanced computational models (in silico and systems biology) on functional endpoints related to metabolism. Such interdisciplinary framework will help in deciphering EDs based on a mechanistic understanding of toxicity by providing and making available more effective alternative test methods relevant for human health that are in line with regulatory needs. Data generated in OBERON will also allow the development of novel adverse outcome pathways (AOPs). The assays will be pre-validated in order to select the test systems that will show acceptable performance in terms of relevance for the second step of the validation process, i.e., the inter-laboratory validation as ring tests. Therefore, the aim of the OBERON project is to support the organization for economic co-operation and development (OECD) conceptual framework for testing and assessment of single and/or mixture of EDs by developing specific assays not covered by the current tests, and to propose an IATA for ED-related metabolic disorder detection, which will be submitted to the Joint Research Center (JRC) and OECD community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karine Audouze
- Inserm UMR S-1124, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France; (X.C.); (R.B.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Denis Sarigiannis
- HERACLES Research Center on the Exposome and Health, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Paloma Alonso-Magdalena
- Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Universidad Miguel Hernández, 03202 Elche, Spain;
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Celine Brochot
- Institut National de l’Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), Unité Modèles pour l’Ecotoxicologie et la Toxicologie (METO), Parc ALATA BP2, 60550 Verneuil en Halatte, France;
| | - Maribel Casas
- ISGlobal, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (M.C.); (M.V.)
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Martine Vrijheid
- ISGlobal, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (M.C.); (M.V.)
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Patrick J. Babin
- Department of Life and Health Sciences, University of Bordeaux, INSERM U1211, MRGM, F-33615 Pessac, France;
| | | | - Xavier Coumoul
- Inserm UMR S-1124, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France; (X.C.); (R.B.)
| | - Robert Barouki
- Inserm UMR S-1124, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France; (X.C.); (R.B.)
- Service de Biochimie métabolomique et protéomique, Hôpital Necker enfants malades, AP-HP, 75015 Paris, France
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21
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Izquierdo R, García Dos Santos S, Borge R, Paz DDL, Sarigiannis D, Gotti A, Boldo E. Health impact assessment by the implementation of Madrid City air-quality plan in 2020. Environ Res 2020; 183:109021. [PMID: 32044574 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.109021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Air pollutant concentrations in many urban areas are still above the legal and recommended limits that are set to protect the citizens' health. Madrid is one of the cities where traffic causes high NO2 levels. In this context, Madrid City Council launched the Air Quality and Climate Change Plan for the city of Madrid (Plan A), a local strategy approved by the previous government in 2017. The aim of this study was to conduct a quantitative health impact assessment to evaluate the number of premature deaths that could potentially be prevented by the implementation of Plan A in Madrid in 2020, at both citywide and within-city level. The main purpose was to support decision-making processes in order to maximize the positive health impacts from the implementation of Plan A measures. METHODS The Regional Statistical Office provided information on population and daily mortality in Madrid. For exposure assessment, we estimated PM2.5, NO2 and O3 concentration levels for Madrid city in 2012 (baseline air-quality scenario) and 2020 (projected air-quality scenario based on the implementation of Plan A), by means of an Eulerian chemical-transport model with a spatial resolution of 1 km × 1 km and 30 vertical levels. We used the concentration-response functions proposed by two relevant WHO projects to calculate the number of attributable annual deaths corresponding to all non-accidental causes (ICD-10: A00-R99) among all-ages and the adult population (>30 years old) for each district and for Madrid city overall. This health impact assessment was conducted dependant on health-data availability. RESULTS In 2020, the implementation of Plan A would imply a reduction in the Madrid citywide annual mean PM2.5 concentration of 0.6 μg/m3 and 4.0 μg/m3 for NO2. In contrast, an increase of 1 μg/m3 for O3 would be expected. The annual number of all-cause deaths from long-term exposure (95% CI) that could be postponed in the adult population by the expected air-pollutant concentration reduction was 88 (57-117) for PM2.5 and 519 (295-750) for NO2; short-term exposure accounted for 20 (7-32) for PM2.5 and 79 (47-111) for NO2 in the total population. According to the spatial distribution of air pollutants, the highest mortality change estimations were for the city centre - including Madrid Central and mainly within the M-30 ring road -, as compared to peripheral districts. The positive health impacts from the reductions in PM2.5 and NO2 far exceeded the adverse mortality effects expected from the increase in O3. CONCLUSIONS Effective implementation of Plan A measures in Madrid city would bring about an appreciable decline in traffic-related air-pollutant concentrations and, in turn, would lead to significant health-related benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca Izquierdo
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, National Epidemiology Centre, Carlos III Health Institute (ISCIII), Avenida Monforte de Lemos 5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Department of Atmospheric Pollution, National Environmental Health Centre), Carlos III Health Institute (ISCIII), Road Majadahonda-Pozuelo km. 2.2, Majadahonda, 28220 Madrid, Spain
| | - Saul García Dos Santos
- Department of Atmospheric Pollution, National Environmental Health Centre), Carlos III Health Institute (ISCIII), Road Majadahonda-Pozuelo km. 2.2, Majadahonda, 28220 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Borge
- Environmental Modelling Laboratory, Department of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - David de la Paz
- Environmental Modelling Laboratory, Department of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Denis Sarigiannis
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Department of Chemical Engineering, Environmental Engineering Laboratory, University Campus, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece; HERACLES Research Center on the Exposome and Health, Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation, Balkan Center, Bldg. B, 10th km Thessaloniki-Thermi Road, 57001, Greece; University School of Advanced Study IUSS, Piazza della Vittoria 15, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Alberto Gotti
- European Centre for Training and Research in Earthquake Engineering (EUCENTRE), Via Ferrata, 1, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Elena Boldo
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, National Epidemiology Centre, Carlos III Health Institute (ISCIII), Avenida Monforte de Lemos 5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBERESP), Carlos III Institute of Health, Avenida Monforte de Lemos 5, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
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22
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Mueller W, Steinle S, Pärkkä J, Parmes E, Liedes H, Kuijpers E, Pronk A, Sarigiannis D, Karakitsios S, Chapizanis D, Maggos T, Stamatelopoulou A, Wilkinson P, Milner J, Vardoulakis S, Loh M. Urban greenspace and the indoor environment: Pathways to health via indoor particulate matter, noise, and road noise annoyance. Environ Res 2020; 180:108850. [PMID: 31670081 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.108850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM The exposome includes urban greenspace, which may affect health via a complex set of pathways, including reducing exposure to particulate matter (PM) and noise. We assessed these pathways using indoor exposure monitoring data from the HEALS study in four European urban areas (Edinburgh, UK; Utrecht, Netherlands; Athens and Thessaloniki, Greece). METHODS We quantified three metrics of residential greenspace at 50 m and 100 m buffers: Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), annual tree cover density, and surrounding green land use. NDVI values were generated for both summer and the season during which the monitoring took place. Indoor PM2.5 and noise levels were measured by Dylos and Netatmo sensors, respectively, and subjective noise annoyance was collected by questionnaire on an 11-point scale. We used random-effects generalised least squares regression models to assess associations between greenspace and indoor PM2.5 and noise, and an ordinal logistic regression to model the relationship between greenspace and road noise annoyance. RESULTS We identified a significant inverse relationship between summer NDVI and indoor PM2.5 (-1.27 μg/m3 per 0.1 unit increase [95% CI -2.38 to -0.15]) using a 100 m residential buffer. Reduced (i.e., <1.0) odds ratios (OR) of road noise annoyance were associated with increasing summer (OR = 0.55 [0.31 to 0.98]) and season-specific (OR = 0.55 [0.32 to 0.94]) NDVI levels, and tree cover density (OR = 0.54 [0.31 to 0.93] per 10 percentage point increase), also at a 100 m buffer. In contrast to these findings, we did not identify any significant associations between greenspace and indoor noise in fully adjusted models. CONCLUSIONS We identified reduced indoor levels of PM2.5 and noise annoyance, but not overall noise, with increasing outdoor levels of certain greenspace indicators. To corroborate our findings, future research should examine the effect of enhanced temporal resolution of greenspace metrics during different seasons, characterise the configuration and composition of green areas, and explore mechanisms through mediation modelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Mueller
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Edinburgh, UK; London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, UK.
| | | | - Juha Pärkkä
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Finland
| | - Eija Parmes
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Finland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Thomas Maggos
- National Centre for Scientific Research 'Demokritos', Athens, Greece
| | | | | | - James Milner
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, UK
| | | | - Miranda Loh
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Edinburgh, UK
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Ribeiro C, Mendes V, Peleteiro B, Delgado I, Araújo J, Aggerbeck M, Annesi-Maesano I, Sarigiannis D, Ramos E. Association between the exposure to phthalates and adiposity: A meta-analysis in children and adults. Environ Res 2019; 179:108780. [PMID: 31610390 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.108780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to environmental chemicals has become one of the major concerns in the past decades. Phthalates are a family of synthetic organic chemicals used in the manufacture of plastics, solvents, and personal care products. These compounds are considered as endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs) since they may interfere with the endocrine system and disrupt its physiologic function. AIM The purpose of this work is to synthesize results from published literature on the association between the exposure to phthalates and adiposity in adults and children. METHODS We searched PubMed from inception up to 01 August 2019, to retrieve original papers reporting data on the association between EDCs and adiposity, using the following search expression: (("Endocrine disruptor" OR Endocrine disruptor[mh] OR phthalate) AND (Obesity OR Overweight OR BMI OR "Body fat" OR Adipose tissue[mh] OR Body size[mh] OR "body size" OR "body weight" OR Anthropometry OR "anthropometric measures")) AND (humans[mh]). The study variables and characteristics were collected during data extraction, namely the study design, sample, exposure, outcome, descriptive and association measures. Study quality was assessed using the STROBE template for observational studies. Although studies examined several adiposity measures, Body Mass Index (BMI) and Waist Circumference (WC) were the most commonly used, therefore, we used the beta coefficients regarding BMI and WC, and odds ratios when BMI outcome was categorical to perform the meta-analysis. Data from the studies were combined using fixed effects meta-analyses to compute summary regression coefficients or odds ratios and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Heterogeneity between studies was assessed by the I2 statistic. RESULTS In the systematic review we found 29 publications addressing the association between phthalate compounds and adiposity. The vast majority of the included studies reported associations that were not statistically significant. For most of the phthalate compounds there were few studies providing compatible measures and therefore it was not possible to combine the results in a meta-analysis. Both for BMI and WC, the meta-analysis for MiBP, MCPP and MbzP showed negative associations and null association for MBP in children, although none of them was significant. For MEP, positive but not significant associations were found both in children and adults. Conversely, for MEHP a negative association was found also in children and adults although it did not reach statistical significance. Only for MECPP a significant association was found for obesity in adults (OR = 1.67 (95% CI 1.30; 2.16). CONCLUSION In general, a positive association between phthalates and adiposity measures was found, especially in adults. However, most of the results did not reach statistical significance and the inconsistencies found between studies did not allow to reach a definitive conclusion. Additionally, we cannot exclude a possible effect of publication bias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cláudia Ribeiro
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade Do Porto, Rua das Taipas nº 135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal; Departamento de Ciências da Saúde Pública e Forenses e Educação Médica, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Do Porto, Al. Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal
| | - Vânia Mendes
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade Do Porto, Rua das Taipas nº 135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal
| | - Bárbara Peleteiro
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade Do Porto, Rua das Taipas nº 135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal; Departamento de Ciências da Saúde Pública e Forenses e Educação Médica, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Do Porto, Al. Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal
| | - Inês Delgado
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade Do Porto, Rua das Taipas nº 135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana Araújo
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade Do Porto, Rua das Taipas nº 135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal
| | - Martine Aggerbeck
- INSERM UMR-S 1124, Toxicologie Pharmacologie et Signalisation Cellulaire, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UFR des Sciences Fondamentales et Biomédicales, 45 Rue des Saints Pères, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Isabella Annesi-Maesano
- Sorbonne Université and INSERM, Epidemiology of Allergic and Respiratory Diseases Dept (EPAR), Pierre Louis Institute of Epidemiology and Public Health (IPLESP UMRS 1136), Saint-Antoine Medical School, Paris, France
| | - Denis Sarigiannis
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Elisabete Ramos
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade Do Porto, Rua das Taipas nº 135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal; Departamento de Ciências da Saúde Pública e Forenses e Educação Médica, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Do Porto, Al. Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal.
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Sarigiannis D, Papaioannou N, Kapretsos N, Gabriel C, Distel E, de Oliveira E, Karakitsios S, Aggerbeck M, Barouki R. Multi-omics Analysis reveals that co-exposure to phthalates and metals disturbs urea cycle and choline metabolism. Toxicol Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2018.06.710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Buekers J, David M, Koppen G, Bessems J, Scheringer M, Lebret E, Sarigiannis D, Kolossa-Gehring M, Berglund M, Schoeters G, Trier X. Development of Policy Relevant Human Biomonitoring Indicators for Chemical Exposure in the European Population. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2018; 15:E2085. [PMID: 30248963 PMCID: PMC6209865 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15102085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Revised: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The European Union's 7th Environmental Action Programme (EAP) aims to assess and minimize environmental health risks from the use of hazardous chemicals by 2020. From this angle, policy questions like whether an implemented policy to reduce chemical exposure has had an effect over time, whether the health of people in specific regions or subpopulations is at risk, or whether the body burden of chemical substances (the internal exposure) varies with, for example, time, country, sex, age, or socio-economic status, need to be answered. Indicators can help to synthesize complex scientific information into a few key descriptors with the purpose of providing an answer to a non-expert audience. Human biomonitoring (HBM) indicators at the European Union (EU) level are unfortunately lacking. Within the Horizon2020 European Human Biomonitoring project HBM4EU, an approach to develop European HBM indicators was worked out. To learn from and ensure interoperability with other European indicators, 15 experts from the HBM4EU project (German Umweltbundesamt (UBA), Flemish research institute VITO, University of Antwerp, European Environment Agency (EEA)), and the World Health Organization (WHO), European Core Health Indicator initiative (ECHI), Eurostat, Swiss ETH Zurich and the Czech environmental institute CENIA, and contributed to a workshop, held in June 2017 at the EEA in Copenhagen. First, selection criteria were defined to evaluate when and if results of internal chemical exposure measured by HBM, need to be translated into a European HBM-based indicator. Two main aspects are the HBM indicator's relevance for policy, society, health, and the quality of the biomarker data (availability, comparability, ease of interpretation). Secondly, an approach for the calculation of the indicators was designed. Two types of indicators were proposed: 'sum indicators of internal exposure' derived directly from HBM biomarker concentrations and 'indicators for health risk', comparing HBM concentrations to HBM health-based guidance values (HBM HBGVs). In the latter case, both the percentage of the studied population exceeding the HBM HBGVs (PE) and the extent of exceedance (EE), calculated as the population's exposure level divided by the HBM HBGV, can be calculated. These indicators were applied to two examples of hazardous chemicals: bisphenol A (BPA) and per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), which both have high policy and societal relevance and for which high quality published data were available (DEMOCOPHES, Swedish monitoring campaign). European HBM indicators help to summarize internal exposure to chemical substances among the European population and communicate to what degree environmental policies are successful in keeping internal exposures sufficiently low. The main aim of HBM indicators is to allow follow-up of chemical safety in Europe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jurgen Buekers
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO)-Sustainable Health, 2400 Mol, Belgium.
| | - Madlen David
- German Environment Agency (UBA), 14195 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Gudrun Koppen
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO)-Sustainable Health, 2400 Mol, Belgium.
| | - Jos Bessems
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO)-Sustainable Health, 2400 Mol, Belgium.
| | - Martin Scheringer
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH), 8092 Zürich, Switzerland.
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Masaryk University, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Erik Lebret
- Institute of Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, 3508 TC Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Denis Sarigiannis
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | | | - Marika Berglund
- Institute of Environmental Medicine (IMM), Karolinska Institutet (KI), 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Greet Schoeters
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO)-Sustainable Health, 2400 Mol, Belgium.
| | - Xenia Trier
- European Environment Agency (EEA), 1050 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Asimina S, Chapizanis D, Karakitsios S, Kontoroupis P, Asimakopoulos DN, Maggos T, Sarigiannis D. Assessing and enhancing the utility of low-cost activity and location sensors for exposure studies. Environ Monit Assess 2018; 190:155. [PMID: 29464404 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-018-6537-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, the advancement of mobile technology in conjunction with the introduction of the concept of exposome has provided new dynamics to the exposure studies. Since the addressing of health outcomes related to environmental stressors is crucial, the improvement of exposure assessment methodology is of paramount importance. Towards this aim, a pilot study was carried out in the two major cities of Greece (Athens, Thessaloniki), investigating the applicability of commercially available fitness monitors and the Moves App for tracking people's location and activities, as well as for predicting the type of the encountered location, using advanced modeling techniques. Within the frame of the study, 21 individuals were using the Fitbit Flex activity tracker, a temperature logger, and the application Moves App on their smartphones. For the validation of the above equipment, participants were also carrying an Actigraph (activity sensor) and a GPS device. The data collected from Fitbit Flex, the temperature logger, and the GPS (speed) were used as input parameters in an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model for predicting the type of location. Analysis of the data showed that the Moves App tends to underestimate the daily steps counts in comparison with Fitbit Flex and Actigraph, respectively, while Moves App predicted the movement trajectory of an individual with reasonable accuracy, compared to a dedicated GPS. Finally, the encountered location was successfully predicted by the ANN in most of the cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stamatelopoulou Asimina
- Environmental Research Laboratory, I.N.RA.S.T.E.S., NCSR "DEMOKRITOS", Athens, Greece.
- Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
| | - D Chapizanis
- Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - S Karakitsios
- Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - P Kontoroupis
- Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - D N Asimakopoulos
- Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - T Maggos
- Environmental Research Laboratory, I.N.RA.S.T.E.S., NCSR "DEMOKRITOS", Athens, Greece
| | - D Sarigiannis
- Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
- Institute for Advanced Study of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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Sarigiannis D, Karakitsios S, Handakas E, Gotti A. Exposome analysis of polyaromatic hydrocarbons. Toxicol Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2016.06.1298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Sarigiannis D, Polanska K, Theodoridis G, Chatziioannou C, Hanke W. Pathway analysis of prenatal exposure to phthalates and child motor development. Toxicol Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2016.06.1772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Tobollik M, Keuken M, Sabel C, Cowie H, Tuomisto J, Sarigiannis D, Künzli N, Perez L, Mudu P. Health impact assessment of transport policies in Rotterdam: Decrease of total traffic and increase of electric car use. Environ Res 2016; 146:350-358. [PMID: 26803213 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2016.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2015] [Revised: 01/09/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Green house gas (GHG) mitigation policies can be evaluated by showing their co-benefits to health. METHOD Health Impact Assessment (HIA) was used to quantify co-benefits of GHG mitigation policies in Rotterdam. The effects of two separate interventions (10% reduction of private vehicle kilometers and a share of 50% electric-powered private vehicle kilometers) on particulate matter (PM2.5), elemental carbon (EC) and noise (engine noise and tyre noise) were assessed using Years of Life Lost (YLL) and Years Lived with Disability (YLD). The baseline was 2010 and the end of the assessment 2020. RESULTS The intervention aimed at reducing traffic is associated with a decreased exposure to noise resulting in a reduction of 21 (confidence interval (CI): 11-129) YLDs due to annoyance and 35 (CI: 20-51) YLDs due to sleep disturbance for the population per year. The effects of 50% electric-powered car use are slightly higher with a reduction of 26 (CI: 13-116) and 41 (CI: 24-60) YLDs, respectively. The two interventions have marginal effects on air pollution, because already implemented traffic policies will reduce PM2.5 and EC by around 40% and 60% respectively, from 2010 to 2020. DISCUSSION The evaluation of planned interventions, related to climate change policies, targeting only the transport sector can result in small co-benefits for health, if the analysis is limited to air pollution and noise. This urges to expand the analysis by including other impacts, e.g. physical activity and well-being, as a necessary step to better understanding consequences of interventions and carefully orienting resources useful to build knowledge to improve public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myriam Tobollik
- School of Public Health, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany; German Environment Agency, Section Exposure Assessment and Environmental Health Indicators, Corrensplatz 1, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Menno Keuken
- Netherlands Applied Research Organization (TNO), Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Clive Sabel
- School of Geographical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Hilary Cowie
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Jouni Tuomisto
- National Institute for Health and Welfare Kuopio, Kuopio, Finland
| | | | - Nino Künzli
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Laura Perez
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Pierpaolo Mudu
- WHO European Centre for Environment and Health, World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe, Bonn, Germany.
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Sabel CE, Hiscock R, Asikainen A, Bi J, Depledge M, van den Elshout S, Friedrich R, Huang G, Hurley F, Jantunen M, Karakitsios SP, Keuken M, Kingham S, Kontoroupis P, Kuenzli N, Liu M, Martuzzi M, Morton K, Mudu P, Niittynen M, Perez L, Sarigiannis D, Stahl-Timmins W, Tobollik M, Tuomisto J, Willers S. Public health impacts of city policies to reduce climate change: findings from the URGENCHE EU-China project. Environ Health 2016; 15 Suppl 1:25. [PMID: 26960925 PMCID: PMC4895602 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-016-0097-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Climate change is a global threat to health and wellbeing. Here we provide findings of an international research project investigating the health and wellbeing impacts of policies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in urban environments. METHODS Five European and two Chinese city authorities and partner academic organisations formed the project consortium. The methodology involved modelling the impact of adopted urban climate-change mitigation transport, buildings and energy policy scenarios, usually for the year 2020 and comparing them with business as usual (BAU) scenarios (where policies had not been adopted). Carbon dioxide emissions, health impacting exposures (air pollution, noise and physical activity), health (cardiovascular, respiratory, cancer and leukaemia) and wellbeing (including noise related wellbeing, overall wellbeing, economic wellbeing and inequalities) were modelled. The scenarios were developed from corresponding known levels in 2010 and pre-existing exposure response functions. Additionally there were literature reviews, three longitudinal observational studies and two cross sectional surveys. RESULTS There are four key findings. Firstly introduction of electric cars may confer some small health benefits but it would be unwise for a city to invest in electric vehicles unless their power generation fuel mix generates fewer emissions than petrol and diesel. Second, adopting policies to reduce private car use may have benefits for carbon dioxide reduction and positive health impacts through reduced noise and increased physical activity. Third, the benefits of carbon dioxide reduction from increasing housing efficiency are likely to be minor and co-benefits for health and wellbeing are dependent on good air exchange. Fourthly, although heating dwellings by in-home biomass burning may reduce carbon dioxide emissions, consequences for health and wellbeing were negative with the technology in use in the cities studied. CONCLUSIONS The climate-change reduction policies reduced CO2 emissions (the most common greenhouse gas) from cities but impact on global emissions of CO2 would be more limited due to some displacement of emissions. The health and wellbeing impacts varied and were often limited reflecting existing relatively high quality of life and environmental standards in most of the participating cities; the greatest potential for future health benefit occurs in less developed or developing countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clive E Sabel
- School of Geographical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1SS, UK.
| | - Rosemary Hiscock
- School of Geographical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1SS, UK
| | - Arja Asikainen
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, FI-70701, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jun Bi
- School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Mike Depledge
- European Centre for Environment and Human health, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, EX1 2LU, UK
| | - Sef van den Elshout
- Air Quality Department, DCMR Environmental Protection Agency Rijnmond, Schiedam, The Netherlands
| | - Rainer Friedrich
- Institute of Energy Economics and the Rational Use of Energy (IER), University of Stuttgart, 70565, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Ganlin Huang
- Institute of Energy Economics and the Rational Use of Energy (IER), University of Stuttgart, 70565, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Fintan Hurley
- IOM (Institute of Occupational Medicine), Riccarton, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Matti Jantunen
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, 70210, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Spyros P Karakitsios
- Centre for Research and Technology Hellas, Chemical Process and Energy Resources Institute, 57001, Thermi, Greece
| | - Menno Keuken
- Netherlands Organization for Applied Research (TNO), 3584 CB, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Simon Kingham
- Department of Geography, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Periklis Kontoroupis
- Centre for Research and Technology Hellas, Chemical Process and Energy Resources Institute, 57001, Thermi, Greece
| | - Nino Kuenzli
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute (Swiss TPH), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Miaomiao Liu
- School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Marco Martuzzi
- European Centre for Environment and Health, WHO Regional Office for Europe, 53113, Bonn, Germany
| | - Katie Morton
- School of Geographical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1SS, UK
| | - Pierpaolo Mudu
- European Centre for Environment and Health, WHO Regional Office for Europe, 53113, Bonn, Germany
| | - Marjo Niittynen
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, FI-70701, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Laura Perez
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute (Swiss TPH), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Denis Sarigiannis
- Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, 54124, Greece
| | | | - Myriam Tobollik
- School of Public Health, University of Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Jouni Tuomisto
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, FI-70701, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Saskia Willers
- Air Quality Department, DCMR Environmental Protection Agency Rijnmond, Schiedam, The Netherlands
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Tsakiris I, Tzatzarakis M, Alegakis A, Mitlianga P, Vakonaki E, Tsatsakis I, Dumanov J, Sarigiannis D, Tsatsakis A. Monitoring of Ochratoxin A residues in Greek bottled wine. Toxicol Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2015.08.278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Sarigiannis D, Peck J, Mountziaris T, Kioseoglou G, Petrou A. Vapor Phase Synthesis of II-IV Semiconductor Nanoparticles in a Counterflow Jet Reactor. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1557/proc-616-41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe vapor-phase synthesis of polycrystalline ZnSe nanoparticles is reported. The particles were grown at room temperature and at a pressure of 125 torr in a counterflow jet reactor and were collected by impact on a Si watler. The precursors used in this study were vapors of (CH3)2Zn:[N(C2H5)3)]2 and H2Se gas diluted in hydrogen. These precursors have been used in the past for Metalorganic Vapor Phase Epitaxy (MOVPE) of ZnSe thin films. The particles were characterized by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). electron diffraction. and Raman spectroscopy. The reactor was operated in a continuous, steady-state mode using a gas delivery system that is typical flor MOVPII systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Sarigiannis
- Human Exposure to Environmental Stressors and Health Effects, European Commission – Joint Research Centre, Institute for Health and Consumer Protection, Physical and Chemical Exposure Unit, Ispra, Italy
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Sarigiannis D, Gotti A, Reale GC, Marafante E. Reflections on new directions for risk assessment of environmental chemical mixtures. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1504/ijram.2009.030697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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