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Pan Y, Breider F, Barrios B, Minakata D, Deng H, von Gunten U. Role of Carbonyl Compounds for N-Nitrosamine Formation during Nitrosation: Kinetics and Mechanisms. Environ Sci Technol 2024; 58:4792-4801. [PMID: 38427382 PMCID: PMC10938875 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c07461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
N-Nitrosamines are potential human carcinogens frequently detected in natural and engineered aquatic systems. This study sheds light on the role of carbonyl compounds in the formation of N-nitrosamines by nitrosation of five secondary amines via different pathways. The results showed that compared to a control system, the presence of formaldehyde enhances the formation of N-nitrosamines by a factor of 5-152 at pH 7, depending on the structure of the secondary amines. Acetaldehyde showed a slight enhancement effect on N-nitrosamine formation, while acetone and benzaldehyde did not promote nitrosation reactions. For neutral and basic conditions, the iminium ion was the dominant intermediate for N-nitrosamine formation, while carbinolamine became the major contributor under acidic conditions. Negative free energy changes (<-19 kcal mol-1) and relatively low activation energies (<18 kcal mol-1) of the reactions of secondary amines with N2O3, iminium ions with nitrite and carbinolamines with N2O3 from quantum chemical computations further support the proposed reaction pathways. This highlights the roles of the iminium ion and carbinolamine in the formation of N-nitrosamines during nitrosation in the presence of carbonyl compounds, especially in the context of industrial wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yishuai Pan
- School
of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering (ENAC), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale Lausanne
(EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Key
Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education,
Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, College
of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 20092, China
| | - Florian Breider
- School
of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering (ENAC), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale Lausanne
(EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Benjamin Barrios
- Department
of Civil, Environmental and Geospatial Engineering, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Drive, Houghton, Michigan 49931, United States
| | - Daisuke Minakata
- Department
of Civil, Environmental and Geospatial Engineering, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Drive, Houghton, Michigan 49931, United States
| | - Huiping Deng
- Key
Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education,
Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, College
of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 20092, China
| | - Urs von Gunten
- School
of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering (ENAC), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale Lausanne
(EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
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Zhou L, Masset T, Breider F. Adsorption of copper by naturally and artificially aged polystyrene microplastics and subsequent release in simulated gastrointestinal fluid. Environ Sci Process Impacts 2024; 26:411-420. [PMID: 38250811 DOI: 10.1039/d3em00354j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Microplastics, especially aged microplastics can become vectors of metals from environment to organisms with potential negative effects on food chain. However, a few studies focused on the bioavailability of adsorbed metals and most studies related to aged microplastics used artificial method that cannot entirely reflect actual aging processes. In this study, virgin polystyrene was aged by ozone (PS-O3), solar simulator (PS-SS) and lake (PS-lake) to investigate adsorption of Cu by virgin, artificially and naturally aged microplastics and subsequent release in simulated gastrointestinal fluids (SGF). Characterization results show carbonyl was formed in PS-O3 and PS-SS, and the oxidation degree was PS-O3 > PS-SS > PS-lake. However, Cu adsorption capacity followed this order PS-lake (158 μg g-1) > PS-SS (117 μg g-1) > PS-O3 (65 μg g-1) > PS-virgin (0). PS-O3 showed highest Cu adsorption capacity at 0.5 h (71 μg g-1), but it dropped dramatically later (10 μg g-1, 120 h), because PS-O3 could break up and the adsorbed Cu released in solutions subsequently. For PS-lake, precipitation of metallic oxides contributes to the accumulation of Cu. The addition of dissolved organic matter (DOM) could occupy adsorption sites on PS and compete with Cu, but also can attach PS and adsorb Cu due to its rich functional groups. The simultaneous ingestion of microplastics with food suggested that adsorbed Cu is solubilized mostly from aged PS to SGF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhou
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne - EPFL, Central Environmental Laboratory, IIE, ENAC, Station 2, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, People's Republic of China
| | - Thibault Masset
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne - EPFL, Central Environmental Laboratory, IIE, ENAC, Station 2, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Florian Breider
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne - EPFL, Central Environmental Laboratory, IIE, ENAC, Station 2, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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3
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Dudefoi W, Ferrari BJD, Breider F, Masset T, Leger G, Vermeirssen E, Bergmann AJ, Schirmer K. Evaluation of tire tread particle toxicity to fish using rainbow trout cell lines. Sci Total Environ 2024; 912:168933. [PMID: 38042189 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
Tire and road wear particles (TRWP) resulting from tire abrasion while driving raise concerns due to their potential contribution to aquatic toxicity. Our study aimed to assess cryogenically milled tire tread (CMTT) particle toxicity, used as a proxy for TRWP, and associated chemicals to fish using two Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) cell lines representing the gill (RTgill-W1) and the intestinal (RTgutGC) epithelium. CMTT toxicity was evaluated through several exposure pathways, including direct contact, leaching, and digestion, while also assessing the impact of particle aging. Following OECD TG249, cell viability was assessed after 24 h acute exposure using a multiple-endpoint assay indicative of cell metabolic activity, membrane integrity and lysosome integrity. In vitro EC50 values for the fish cell lines exceeded river TRWP concentrations (2.02 g/L and 4.65 g/L for RTgill-W1 and RTgutGC cell lines, respectively), and were similar to in vivo LC50 values estimated at 6 g/L. Although toxicity was mainly driven by the leaching of tire-associated chemicals, the presence of the particles contributed to the overall toxicity by inducing a continuous leaching, highlighting the importance of considering combined exposure scenarios. Aging and digestion conditions were also found to mediate CMTT toxicity. Thermooxidation resulted in a decreased chemical leaching and toxicity, while in vitro digestion under mimicked gastrointestinal conditions increased leaching and toxicity. Specific chemicals, especially Zn, 2-mercaptobenzothiazole, 1,3-diphenylguanidine, and N-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine (6PPD) were identified as contributors to the overall toxicity. Although 6PPD-quinone was detected in CMTT digestate, cytotoxicity assays with RTgill-W1 and RTgutGC cell lines showed no toxicity up to 6 mg/L, supporting the notion of a specific mode of action of this chemical. This study provides insights into the toxicological mechanisms induced by tire particles and their associated chemicals and can help in the evaluation of potential risks to aquatic life associated with TRWP.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Dudefoi
- Eawag - Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Department Environmental Toxicology, Überlandstrasse 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland.
| | - B J D Ferrari
- Ecotox Centre - EPFL ENAC IIE, GE, Station 2, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; Ecotox Centre, Überlandstrasse 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - F Breider
- EPFL, Central Environmental Laboratory, IIE, ENAC, Station 2, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - T Masset
- EPFL, Central Environmental Laboratory, IIE, ENAC, Station 2, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - G Leger
- EPFL, Central Environmental Laboratory, IIE, ENAC, Station 2, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - E Vermeirssen
- Ecotox Centre, Überlandstrasse 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - A J Bergmann
- Ecotox Centre, Überlandstrasse 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - K Schirmer
- Eawag - Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Department Environmental Toxicology, Überlandstrasse 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland; EPFL, School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland; ETHZ, Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, Zurich 8092, Switzerland
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Kaing V, Guo Z, Sok T, Kodikara D, Breider F, Yoshimura C. Photodegradation of biodegradable plastics in aquatic environments: Current understanding and challenges. Sci Total Environ 2024; 911:168539. [PMID: 37981156 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
Direct and indirect photolysis are important abiotic processes in aquatic environments through which plastics can be transformed physically and chemically. Transport of biodegradable plastics in water is influenced by vertical mixing and turbulent flow, which make biodegradable plastics remain susceptible to sunlight and photolysis despite their high density. In general, biodegradable plastics are composed of ester containing polymers (e.g., poly(butylene succinate), polyhydroxyalkanoate, and polylactic acid), whereas non-biodegradable plastics are composed of long chains of saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons in their backbones (e.g., polyethylene, polypropylene, and polystyrene). Based on the reviewed knowledge and discussion, we may hypothesize that 1) direct photolysis is more pronounced for non-biodegradation than for biodegradable plastics, 2) smaller plastics such as micro/nano-plastics are more prone to photodegradation and photo-transformation by direct and indirect photolysis, 3) the production rate of reactive oxygen species (ROS) on the surface of biodegradable plastics is higher than that of non-biodegradable plastics, 4) the photodegradation of biodegradable plastics may be promoted by ROS produced from biodegradable plastics themselves, and 5) the subsequent reactions of ROS are more active on biodegradable plastics than non-biodegradable plastics. Moreover, micro/nanoplastics derived from biodegradable plastics serve as more effective carriers of organic pollutants than those from non-biodegradable plastics and thus biodegradable plastics may not necessarily be more ecofriendly than non-biodegradable plastics. However, biodegradable plastics have been largely unexplored from the viewpoint of direct or indirect photolysis. Roles of reactive oxygen species originating from biodegradable plastics should be further explored for comprehensively understanding the photodegradation of biodegradable plastics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinhteang Kaing
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-M1-4 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan; Faculty of Hydrology and Water Resources Engineering, Institute of Technology of Cambodia, Russian Federation Blvd., P.O. Box 86, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Zhongyu Guo
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-M1-4 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - Ty Sok
- Faculty of Hydrology and Water Resources Engineering, Institute of Technology of Cambodia, Russian Federation Blvd., P.O. Box 86, Phnom Penh, Cambodia; Research and Innovation Center, Institute of Technology of Cambodia, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Dilini Kodikara
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-M1-4 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - Florian Breider
- EPFL - Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Central Environmental Laboratory, Institute of Environmental Engineering, ENAC, station 2, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Chihiro Yoshimura
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-M1-4 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan.
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5
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Baratange C, Baali H, Gaillet V, Bonnard I, Delahaut L, Gaillard JC, Grandjean D, Sayen S, Gallorini A, Le Bris N, Renault D, Breider F, Loizeau JL, Armengaud J, Cosio C. Bioaccumulation and molecular effects of carbamazepine and methylmercury co-exposure in males of Dreissena polymorpha. Sci Total Environ 2023; 897:165379. [PMID: 37423277 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Dreissena polymorpha is a bivalve promising for biomonitoring in freshwater ecosystems thanks to its abundance and high filtration activity allowing rapid uptake of toxicants and identification of their negative effects. Nonetheless, we still lack knowledge on its molecular responses to stress under realistic scenario, e.g. multi-contamination. Carbamazepine (CBZ) and Hg are ubiquitous pollutants sharing molecular toxicity pathways, e.g. oxidative stress. A previous study in zebra mussels showed their co-exposure to cause more alterations than single exposures, but molecular toxicity pathways remained unidentified. D. polymorpha was exposed 24 h (T24) and 72 h (T72) to CBZ (6.1 ± 0.1 μg L-1), MeHg (430 ± 10 ng L-1) and the co-exposure (6.1 ± 0.1 μg L-1CBZ and 500 ± 10 ng L-1 MeHg) at concentrations representative of polluted areas (~10× EQS). RedOx system at the gene and enzyme level, the proteome and the metabolome were compared. The co-exposure resulted in 108 differential abundant proteins (DAPs), as well as 9 and 10 modulated metabolites at T24 and T72, respectively. The co-exposure specifically modulated DAPs and metabolites involved in neurotransmission, e.g. dopaminergic synapse and GABA. CBZ specifically modulated 46 DAPs involved in calcium signaling pathways and 7 amino acids at T24. MeHg specifically modulated 55 DAPs involved in the cytoskeleton remodeling and hypoxia-induced factor 1 pathway, without altering the metabolome. Single and co-exposures commonly modulated proteins and metabolites involved in energy and amino acid metabolisms, response to stress and development. Concomitantly, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant activities were unchanged, supporting that D. polymorpha tolerated experimental conditions. The co-exposure was confirmed to cause more alterations than single exposures. This was attributed to the combined toxicity of CBZ and MeHg. Altogether, this study underlined the necessity to better characterize molecular toxicity pathways of multi-contamination that are not predictable on responses to single exposures, to better anticipate adverse effects in biota and improve risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clément Baratange
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UMR-I 02 INERIS-URCA-ULH SEBIO, Unité Stress Environnementaux et BIOsurveillance des milieux aquatiques (SEBIO), BP 1039, F-51687 Reims Cedex, France
| | - Hugo Baali
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UMR-I 02 INERIS-URCA-ULH SEBIO, Unité Stress Environnementaux et BIOsurveillance des milieux aquatiques (SEBIO), BP 1039, F-51687 Reims Cedex, France
| | - Véronique Gaillet
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UMR-I 02 INERIS-URCA-ULH SEBIO, Unité Stress Environnementaux et BIOsurveillance des milieux aquatiques (SEBIO), BP 1039, F-51687 Reims Cedex, France
| | - Isabelle Bonnard
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UMR-I 02 INERIS-URCA-ULH SEBIO, Unité Stress Environnementaux et BIOsurveillance des milieux aquatiques (SEBIO), BP 1039, F-51687 Reims Cedex, France
| | - Laurence Delahaut
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UMR-I 02 INERIS-URCA-ULH SEBIO, Unité Stress Environnementaux et BIOsurveillance des milieux aquatiques (SEBIO), BP 1039, F-51687 Reims Cedex, France
| | - Jean-Charles Gaillard
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), SPI, F-30200 Bagnols-sur-Cèze Cedex, France
| | - Dominique Grandjean
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), ENAC, IIE, Central Environmental Laboratory, Station 2, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Stéphanie Sayen
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims (ICMR), UMR CNRS 7312, BP 1039, F-51687 Reims Cedex, 2, France
| | - Andrea Gallorini
- Department F.-A. Forel for Environmental and Aquatic Sciences, Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Geneva, Boulevard Carl-Vogt 66, 1211, Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Nathalie Le Bris
- Université de Rennes, CNRS, EcoBio (Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution) - UMR 6553, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - David Renault
- Université de Rennes, CNRS, EcoBio (Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution) - UMR 6553, F-35000 Rennes, France; Institut Universitaire de France, 1 rue Descartes, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Florian Breider
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), ENAC, IIE, Central Environmental Laboratory, Station 2, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Luc Loizeau
- Department F.-A. Forel for Environmental and Aquatic Sciences, Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Geneva, Boulevard Carl-Vogt 66, 1211, Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Jean Armengaud
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), SPI, F-30200 Bagnols-sur-Cèze Cedex, France
| | - Claudia Cosio
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UMR-I 02 INERIS-URCA-ULH SEBIO, Unité Stress Environnementaux et BIOsurveillance des milieux aquatiques (SEBIO), BP 1039, F-51687 Reims Cedex, France.
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Reale E, Hopf NB, Breider F, Grandjean D, Pirard C, Charlier C, Koch HM, Berthet A, Suarez G, Borgatta M. Repeated Human Exposure to Semivolatile Organic Compounds by Inhalation: Novel Protocol for a Nonrandomized Study. JMIR Res Protoc 2023; 12:e51020. [PMID: 37831504 PMCID: PMC10612011 DOI: 10.2196/51020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Semivolatile organic compounds (SVOCs) comprise several different chemical families used mainly as additives in many everyday products. SVOCs can be released into the air as aerosols and deposit on particulate matter during use by dispersion, evaporation, or abrasion. Phthalates are SVOCs of growing concern due to their endocrine-disrupting effects. Human data on the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of these compounds upon inhalation are almost nonexistent. OBJECTIVE The goal of this study is to develop a method for repeated inhalation exposures to SVOCs to characterize their ADME in humans. METHODS We will use diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), a major indoor air pollutant, as a model SVOC in this novel protocol. The Swiss official Commission on Ethics in Human Research, Canton de Vaud, approved the study on October 14, 2020 (project-ID 2020-01095). Participants (n=10) will be repeatedly exposed (2 short daily exposures over 4 days) to isotope-labeled DEHP (DEHP-d4) to distinguish administered exposures from background exposures. DEHP-d4 aerosols will be generated with a small, portable, aerosol-generating device. Participants will inhale DEHP-d4-containing aerosols themselves with this device at home. Air concentrations of the airborne phthalates will be less than or equal to their occupational exposure limit (OEL). DEHP-d4 and its metabolites will be quantified in urine and blood before, during, and after exposure. RESULTS Our developed device can generate DEHP-d4 aerosols with diameters of 2.5 μm or smaller and a mean DEHP-d4 mass of 1.4 (SD 0.2) μg per puff (n=6). As of May 2023, we have enrolled 5 participants. CONCLUSIONS The portable device can be used to generate phthalate aerosols for repeated exposure in human studies. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/51020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Reale
- Department of Occupational Health, Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nancy B Hopf
- Department of Occupational Health, Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Centre for Applied Human Toxicology, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Florian Breider
- Central Environmental Laboratory, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Dominique Grandjean
- Central Environmental Laboratory, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Catherine Pirard
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
- Laboratory of Clinical, Forensic and Environmental Toxicology, University Hospital of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - Corinne Charlier
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
- Laboratory of Clinical, Forensic and Environmental Toxicology, University Hospital of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - Holger M Koch
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Aurélie Berthet
- Department of Occupational Health, Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Guillaume Suarez
- Department of Occupational Health, Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Myriam Borgatta
- Department of Occupational Health, Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Breider F, Gachet Aquillon C, von Gunten U. A survey of industrial N-nitrosamine discharges in Switzerland. J Hazard Mater 2023; 450:131094. [PMID: 36867906 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
N-nitrosamines are formed during different industrial processes and are of significant concern due to their carcinogenic and mutagenic properties. This study reports concentrations of N-nitrosamines in eight different industrial wastewater treatment plants in Switzerland and the variability of their abundance. Only four N-nitrosamines species, N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA), N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA), N-nitrosodibutylamine (NDPA) and N-nitrosomorpholine (NMOR) were above the limit of quantification in this campaign. Remarkably high concentrations (i.e. up to 975 μg NDMA/L, 90.7 μg NDEA/L, 1.6 μg NDPA/L and 710 μg NMOR/L) of these N-nitrosamines were detected at seven of eight sites. These concentrations are two to five orders of magnitude higher than those typically detected in municipal wastewater effluents. These results suggest that industrial effluents may be a major source of N-nitrosamines. Although very high concentrations of N-nitrosamine have been detected in industrial discharges, various processes in surface water can partially mitigate their concentrations (e.g. photolysis, biodegradation and volatilization) and hence the risk to human health and aquatic ecosystems. Nevertheless, there is little information on long-term effects on aquatic organisms and therefore the discharge of N-nitrosamines to the environment should be avoided until the impact on ecosystems is assessed. During winter a less efficient mitigation of N-nitrosamines can be expected (lower biological activity, less sunlight) and therefore, emphasis should be put on this season in future risk assessment studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Breider
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), ENAC, IIE, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | | | - Urs von Gunten
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), ENAC, IIE, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland.
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8
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Sambiagio N, Berthet A, Wild P, Sauvain JJ, Auer R, Schoeni A, Rodondi N, Feller M, Humair JP, Berlin I, Breider F, Grandjean D, Hopf NB. Associations between urinary biomarkers of oxidative stress and biomarkers of tobacco smoke exposure in smokers. Sci Total Environ 2022; 852:158361. [PMID: 36058322 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress can contribute to the development of diseases, and may originate from exposures to toxicants commonly found in air pollution and cigarette smoke such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Yet, associations between these exposures and oxidative stress biomarkers are poorly characterized. We report here novel associations between 14 exposure biomarkers of PAHs and VOCs, and two oxidative stress biomarkers; 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG) and 8-isoprostaglandin F2α (8-isoprostane) in urine obtained from smokers participating in an ongoing clinical study (ESTxENDS, NCT03589989). We also assessed associations between six biomarkers of tobacco smoke exposure (metabolites of nicotine and tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNAs)) and both oxidative stress biomarkers. We then quantified the relative importance of each family of the 20 exposure biomarkers on oxidative stress. Participating smokers (153 men and 117 women, median age 44 years) had on average smoked 25 [2-62] years and smoked about 17 [5-40] cigarettes per day at the time of the study. Multiple linear regression results showed an association between 8-oxodG concentrations and the following metabolites in decreasing relative importance: PAHs (beta coefficient β = 0.105, p-value <0.001, partial R2 = 0.15) > VOCs (β = 0.028, p < 0.001, partial R2 = 0.09) > nicotine (β = 0.226, p < 0.001, partial R2 = 0.08); and between 8-isoprostane concentrations and metabolites of PAHs (β = 0.117, p < 0.001, partial R2 = 0.14) > VOCs (β = 0.040, p < 0.001, partial R2 = 0.14) > TSNAs (β = 0.202, p = 0.003, partial R2 = 0.09) > nicotine (β = 0.266, p < 0.001, partial R2 = 0.08). Behavioral factors known to contribute to oxidative stress, including sleep quality, physical activity, and alcohol consumption, did not play a significant role. Exposures to PAHs and VOCs among smokers were significantly associated with oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Sambiagio
- Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Route de la Corniche 2, 1066 Epalinges, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Aurélie Berthet
- Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Route de la Corniche 2, 1066 Epalinges, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Pascal Wild
- Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Route de la Corniche 2, 1066 Epalinges, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Jean-Jacques Sauvain
- Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Route de la Corniche 2, 1066 Epalinges, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Reto Auer
- Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Route de la Corniche 2, 1066 Epalinges, Lausanne, Switzerland; Institute of Primary Health Care (BIHAM), University of Bern, Mittelstrasse 43, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Anna Schoeni
- Institute of Primary Health Care (BIHAM), University of Bern, Mittelstrasse 43, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Nicolas Rodondi
- Institute of Primary Health Care (BIHAM), University of Bern, Mittelstrasse 43, 3012 Bern, Switzerland; Department of General Internal Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse, 3010 Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Martin Feller
- Institute of Primary Health Care (BIHAM), University of Bern, Mittelstrasse 43, 3012 Bern, Switzerland; Department of General Internal Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Paul Humair
- Department of Primary Care Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Rue Gabrielle Perret-Gentil 4, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Ivan Berlin
- Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Route de la Corniche 2, 1066 Epalinges, Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Pharmacology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Sorbonne University, 75013 Paris, France.
| | - Florian Breider
- Central Environmental Laboratory (GR-CEL), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland.
| | - Dominique Grandjean
- Central Environmental Laboratory (GR-CEL), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland.
| | - Nancy B Hopf
- Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Route de la Corniche 2, 1066 Epalinges, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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9
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Masset T, Ferrari BJD, Dudefoi W, Schirmer K, Bergmann A, Vermeirssen E, Grandjean D, Harris LC, Breider F. Bioaccessibility of Organic Compounds Associated with Tire Particles Using a Fish In Vitro Digestive Model: Solubilization Kinetics and Effects of Food Coingestion. Environ Sci Technol 2022; 56:15607-15616. [PMID: 36315940 PMCID: PMC9670851 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c04291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Tire and road wear particles (TRWP) account for an important part of the polymer particles released into the environment. There are scientific knowledge gaps as to the potential bioaccessibility of chemicals associated with TRWP to aquatic organisms. This study investigated the solubilization and bioaccessibility of seven of the most widely used tire-associated organic chemicals and four of their degradation products from cryogenically milled tire tread (CMTT) into fish digestive fluids using an in vitro digestion model based on Oncorhynchus mykiss. Our results showed that 0.06-44.1% of the selected compounds were rapidly solubilized into simulated gastric and intestinal fluids within a typical gut transit time for fish (3 h in gastric and 24 h in intestinal fluids). The environmentally realistic scenario of coingestion of CMTT and fish prey was explored using ground Gammarus pulex. Coingestion caused compound-specific changes in solubilization, either increasing or decreasing the compounds' bioaccessibility in simulated gut fluids compared to CMTT alone. Our results emphasize that tire-associated compounds become accessible in a digestive milieu and should be studied further with respect to their bioaccumulation and toxicological effects upon passage of intestinal epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thibault Masset
- Central Environmental
Laboratory, Institute of Environmental Engineering, ENAC, EPFL—Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale
de Lausanne, Station 2, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Benoit J. D. Ferrari
- Ecotox Centre—EPFL
ENAC IIE, GE, Station
2, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Ecotox Centre, Überlandstrasse 133, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - William Dudefoi
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, Eawag—Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 133, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Kristin Schirmer
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, Eawag—Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 133, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
- Institute of Environmental Engineering,
ENAC, EPFL—Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale
de Lausanne, Station
2, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant
Dynamics, ETHZ, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alan Bergmann
- Ecotox Centre, Überlandstrasse 133, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | | | - Dominique Grandjean
- Central Environmental
Laboratory, Institute of Environmental Engineering, ENAC, EPFL—Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale
de Lausanne, Station 2, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Luke Christopher Harris
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering,
SB, EPFL—Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale
de Lausanne, Station
6, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Florian Breider
- Central Environmental
Laboratory, Institute of Environmental Engineering, ENAC, EPFL—Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale
de Lausanne, Station 2, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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10
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Voumard M, Breider F, von Gunten U. Effect of cetyltrimethylammonium chloride on various Escherichia coli strains and their inactivation kinetics by ozone and monochloramine. Water Res 2022; 216:118278. [PMID: 35366494 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cethyltrimethylammonium chloride (CTMA) is one of the most used quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) in consumer products. CTMA and other QACs are only partially eliminated in municipal wastewater treatment and they can interact with bacteria in biological processes. Currently, there is only limited information on the antimicrobial efficiency of CTMA in matrices other than standard growth media and if and how CTMA influences conventional chemical disinfection. The results obtained in this study showed that the susceptibility of E. coli to CTMA was significantly enhanced in phosphate-buffered saline, lake water and wastewater compared to broth. In broth, a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of CTMA of 20 mgL-1 was observed for E. coli, whereas a 4-log inactivation occurred for CTMA concentrations of about 4 mgL-1 in buffered ultra-purified water, a lake water and wastewater effluent. The impacts of the pre-exposure and the presence of CTMA on inactivation by ozone and monochloramine were tested with three different E. coli strains: AG100 with the efflux pump acrAB intact, AG100A with it deleted and AG100tet with it overexpressed. Pre-exposure of E. coli AG100 to CTMA led to an increased susceptibility for ozone with second-order inactivation rate constants (∼ 106 M-1s-1) increasing by a factor of about 1.5. An opposite trend was observed for monochloramine with second-order inactivation rate constants (∼ 103 M-1s-1) decreasing by a factor of about 2. For E. coli AG100tet, the second-order inactivation rate constant decreased by a factor of almost 2 and increased by a factor of about 1.5 for ozone and monochloramine, respectively, relative to the strain AG100. The simultaneous presence of CTMA and ozone enhanced the second-order inactivation rate constants for CTMA concentrations of 2.5 mgL-1 by a factor of about 3. For monochloramine also an enhancement of the inactivation was observed, which was at least additive but might also be synergistic. Enhancement by factors from about 2 to 4.5 were observed for CTMA concentrations > 2.5 mgL-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Voumard
- School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering (ENAC), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL, Switzerland
| | - F Breider
- School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering (ENAC), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL, Switzerland
| | - U von Gunten
- School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering (ENAC), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL, Switzerland; Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Eawag, Dübendorf, Switzerland; Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, ETH Zurich, Zürich 8092, Switzerland.
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11
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Baratange C, Paris-Palacios S, Bonnard I, Delahaut L, Grandjean D, Wortham L, Sayen S, Gallorini A, Michel J, Renault D, Breider F, Loizeau JL, Cosio C. Metabolic, cellular and defense responses to single and co-exposure to carbamazepine and methylmercury in Dreissena polymorpha. Environ Pollut 2022; 300:118933. [PMID: 35122922 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.118933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Carbamazepine (CBZ) and Hg are widespread and persistent micropollutants in aquatic environments. Both pollutants are known to trigger similar toxicity mechanisms, e.g. reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Here, their effects were assessed in the zebra mussel Dreissena polymorpha, frequently used as a freshwater model in ecotoxicology and biomonitoring. Single and co-exposures to CBZ (3.9 μg L-1) and MeHg (280 ng L-1) were performed for 1 and 7 days. Metabolomics analyses evidenced that the co-exposure was the most disturbing after 7 days, reducing the amount of 25 metabolites involved in protein synthesis, energy metabolism, antioxidant response and osmoregulation, and significantly altering cells and organelles' structure supporting a reduction of functions of gills and digestive glands. CBZ alone after 7 days decreased the amount of α-aminobutyric acid and had a moderate effect on the structure of mitochondria in digestive glands. MeHg alone had no effect on mussels' metabolome, but caused a significant alteration of cells and organelles' structure in gills and digestive glands. Single exposures and the co-exposure increased antioxidant responses vs control in gills and digestive glands, without resulting in lipid peroxidation, suggesting an increased ROS production caused by both pollutants. Data globally supported that a higher number of hyperactive cells compensated cellular alterations in the digestive gland of mussels exposed to CBZ or MeHg alone, while CBZ + MeHg co-exposure overwhelmed this compensation after 7 days. Those effects were unpredictable based on cellular responses to CBZ and MeHg alone, highlighting the need to consider molecular toxicity pathways for a better anticipation of effects of pollutants in biota in complex environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clément Baratange
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UMR-I 02 INERIS-URCA-ULH SEBIO, Unité Stress Environnementaux et BIOsurveillance des Milieux Aquatiques (SEBIO), BP 1039 F, 51687, Reims, Cedex, France
| | - Séverine Paris-Palacios
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UMR-I 02 INERIS-URCA-ULH SEBIO, Unité Stress Environnementaux et BIOsurveillance des Milieux Aquatiques (SEBIO), BP 1039 F, 51687, Reims, Cedex, France
| | - Isabelle Bonnard
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UMR-I 02 INERIS-URCA-ULH SEBIO, Unité Stress Environnementaux et BIOsurveillance des Milieux Aquatiques (SEBIO), BP 1039 F, 51687, Reims, Cedex, France
| | - Laurence Delahaut
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UMR-I 02 INERIS-URCA-ULH SEBIO, Unité Stress Environnementaux et BIOsurveillance des Milieux Aquatiques (SEBIO), BP 1039 F, 51687, Reims, Cedex, France
| | - Dominique Grandjean
- ENAC, IIE, Central Environmental Laboratory, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Station 2, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Laurence Wortham
- Inserm UMR-S-1250 P3Cell, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51685, Reims, Cedex 2, France
| | - Stéphanie Sayen
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims (ICMR), UMR CNRS 7312, BP 1039, F-51687 Reims Cedex 2, France
| | - Andrea Gallorini
- Department F.-A. Forel for Environmental and Aquatic Sciences, And Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Geneva, Boulevard Carl-Vogt 66, 1211, Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Jean Michel
- Inserm UMR-S-1250 P3Cell, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51685, Reims, Cedex 2, France
| | - David Renault
- University of Rennes, CNRS, ECOBIO (Ecosystèmes, Biodiversité, évolution), UMR, 6553, Rennes, France; Institut Universitaire de France, 1 Rue Descartes, 75231, Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Florian Breider
- ENAC, IIE, Central Environmental Laboratory, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Station 2, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Luc Loizeau
- Department F.-A. Forel for Environmental and Aquatic Sciences, And Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Geneva, Boulevard Carl-Vogt 66, 1211, Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Claudia Cosio
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UMR-I 02 INERIS-URCA-ULH SEBIO, Unité Stress Environnementaux et BIOsurveillance des Milieux Aquatiques (SEBIO), BP 1039 F, 51687, Reims, Cedex, France.
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12
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Masset T, Ferrari BJD, Oldham D, Dudefoi W, Minghetti M, Schirmer K, Bergmann A, Vermeirssen E, Breider F. In Vitro Digestion of Tire Particles in a Fish Model ( Oncorhynchus mykiss): Solubilization Kinetics of Heavy Metals and Effects of Food Coingestion. Environ Sci Technol 2021; 55:15788-15796. [PMID: 34807574 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c04385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Tire and road wear particles (TRWP) have been shown to represent a large part of anthropogenic particles released into the environment. Nevertheless, the potential ecological risk of TRWP in the different environmental compartments and their potential toxic impacts on terrestrial and aquatic organisms remain largely underinvestigated. Several heavy metals compose TRWP, including Zn, which is used as a catalyst during the vulcanization process of rubber. This study investigated the solubilization potential of metals from cryogenically milled tire tread (CMTT) and TRWP in simulated gastric fluids (SFGASTRIC) and simulated intestinal fluids (SFINTESTINAL) designed to mimic rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) gastrointestinal conditions. Our results indicate that the solubilization of heavy metals was greatly enhanced by gastrointestinal fluids compared to that by mineral water. After a 26 h in vitro digestion, 9.6 and 23.0% of total Zn content of CMTT and TRWP, respectively, were solubilized into the simulated gastrointestinal fluids. Coingestion of tire particles (performed with CMTT only) and surrogate prey items (Gammarus pulex) demonstrated that the animal organic matter reduced the amount of bioavailable Zn solubilized from CMTT. Contrastingly, in the coingestion scenario with vegetal organic matter (Lemna minor), high quantities of Zn were solubilized from L. minor and cumulated with Zn solubilized from CMTT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thibault Masset
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne─EPFL, Central Environmental Laboratory, IIE, ENAC, Station 2, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Benoit J D Ferrari
- Ecotox Centre─EPFL ENAC IIE, GE, Station 2, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Ecotox Centre, Überlandstrasse 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Dean Oldham
- Department of Integrative Biology, Oklahoma State University, 501 Life Science West, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078, United States
| | - William Dudefoi
- Department Environmental Toxicology, Eawag─Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Matteo Minghetti
- Department of Integrative Biology, Oklahoma State University, 501 Life Science West, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078, United States
| | - Kristin Schirmer
- Department Environmental Toxicology, Eawag─Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
- School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering, EPFL, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
- Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, ETHZ, Zurich 8092, Switzerland
| | - Alan Bergmann
- Ecotox Centre, Überlandstrasse 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | | | - Florian Breider
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne─EPFL, Central Environmental Laboratory, IIE, ENAC, Station 2, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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13
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Abstract
Plastic pollution has reached alarming levels in recent years. While macro- and microplastic pollution are attested and studied since the 1970s, much less is known about the associated nanoscopic fragments. Due to their ability to cross biological barriers and their extended surface area-to-volume ratio, nanoplastics (NPs) are currently considered as one of the major threats for aquatic and terrestrial environments. Therefore, analytical tools are urgently needed to detect and quantify NPs. In this study, a method exploiting the dependence of the fluorescence quantum yield of a probe, namely, 9-(2,2-dicyanovinyl)julolidine (DCVJ), toward its microenvironment was assessed to detect and quantify polystyrene nanoplastics (PSNs). In the presence of PSNs and after excitation at 450 nm, the single-emission band fluorescent molecular rotor (FMR) emission spectrum displays a second peak at 620 nm, which increases with the concentration of PSNs. In pure water, a limit of detection and quantification range of 475-563 μg·L-1 and 1.582-1.875 mg·L-1, respectively, were obtained for 49 nm diameter polystyrene beads (PSB49). The results associated with 100 nm diameter PSNs amount to 518 μg·L-1 and 1.725 mg·L-1. The robustness of the method toward different parameters, the complexity of the matrix, and the PSN characteristics was also assessed. Finally, the method was applied on biological samples. While PSB49 quantification was achieved using radish sprouts at concentrations up to 200 mg·L-1, it was more challenging when handling mussel tissues. This work presents the feasibility to quantify PSNs using DCVJ fluorescence. It paves the way to new perspectives in the challenging field of NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angélique Moraz
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne - EPFL, Central Environmental Laboratory, ENAC, IIE, Station 2, Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Florian Breider
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne - EPFL, Central Environmental Laboratory, ENAC, IIE, Station 2, Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland
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14
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Siri C, Liu Y, Masset T, Dudefoi W, Oldham D, Minghetti M, Grandjean D, Breider F. Adsorption of progesterone onto microplastics and its desorption in simulated gastric and intestinal fluids. Environ Sci Process Impacts 2021; 23:1566-1577. [PMID: 34581385 DOI: 10.1039/d1em00226k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The sorption of hydrophobic organic compounds (HOC) onto microplastics is relatively well reported in the literature, while their desorption remains poorly investigated, especially in biological fluids. The present study investigated the sorption and desorption of progesterone on polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), and polystyrene (PS) microplastics. The sorption experiments showed that the equilibrium was reached in a few hours for all plastics. A sorption efficiency of 357.1 μg g-1 was found for PE and PS, and 322.6 μg g-1 for PP. Sorption experiments indicated that adsorption would certainly happen via surface sorption and a potentially pore-filling mechanism. The desorption was carried out in Simulated Gastric Fluid (SGF) and Simulated Intestinal Fluid (SIF), whose formulations were more complex than similar models reported so far. It has been found that the desorption was higher in SIF as compared to SGF, due to micelle formation in SIF promoting the pollutant solubilization. The sorption of pepsin onto microplastics has also been revealed, suggesting a competition between pollutants and pepsin for sorption sites and a potent reduction in pollutant solubilization. This study indicates that the ingestion of microplastics could be considered as an additional route of exposure to pollutants and therefore emphasizes pollutant bioavailability for aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cécilia Siri
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne - EPFL, Central Environmental Laboratory, IIE, ENAC, Station 2, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Yang Liu
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne - EPFL, Central Environmental Laboratory, IIE, ENAC, Station 2, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
- Key Laboratory for Earth Surface and Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Thibault Masset
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne - EPFL, Central Environmental Laboratory, IIE, ENAC, Station 2, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - William Dudefoi
- Department Environmental Toxicology, EAWAG - Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
- Department of Integrative Biology, Oklahoma State University, 501 Life Science West, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078, USA
| | - Dean Oldham
- Department of Integrative Biology, Oklahoma State University, 501 Life Science West, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078, USA
| | - Matteo Minghetti
- Department of Integrative Biology, Oklahoma State University, 501 Life Science West, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078, USA
| | - Dominique Grandjean
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne - EPFL, Central Environmental Laboratory, IIE, ENAC, Station 2, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Florian Breider
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne - EPFL, Central Environmental Laboratory, IIE, ENAC, Station 2, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
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15
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Liu Y, You J, Li Y, Zhang J, He Y, Breider F, Tao S, Liu W. Insights into the horizontal and vertical profiles of microplastics in a river emptying into the sea affected by intensive anthropogenic activities in Northern China. Sci Total Environ 2021; 779:146589. [PMID: 34030263 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Studies focused only on surface water may underestimate microplastic abundance in aquatic environments. This was the first survey to investigate the vertical (surface, intermediate, and bottom waters) distribution and composition of microplastics (MPs) in the water columns and surface sediments collected from an urban seagoing river in northern China. Microplastic abundance in the water columns ranged from 5.6 to 31.4 items∙L-1 and from 2141 to 10,035 items∙kg-1 dry weight (dw) in the surface sediments. Polyethylene dominated throughout the water columns to the surface sediments, in which low- and high-density polyethylene (LDPE and HDPE) were dominant in the water columns and surface sediments, respectively. The dominant shape of MPs was fibers/lines in both the water column and the surface sediment samples. Different from the estimations, the average abundance of MPs in the surface and intermediate waters was significantly lower (p < 0.01) than that in the bottom water, which may be due to the resuspension of small-sized MPs in the bottom water. As the MPs size increased, their vertical distributions in the water columns were more affected by the water depth. The results showed that MPs were detained in the water columns of river system, and the high concentrations of MPs in the bottom water could not be neglected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Key Laboratory for Earth Surface and Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; Central Environmental Laboratory (GR-CEL), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - JinAo You
- Key Laboratory for Earth Surface and Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - YuJun Li
- Key Laboratory for Earth Surface and Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - JiaoDi Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Earth Surface and Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yong He
- Key Laboratory for Earth Surface and Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Florian Breider
- Central Environmental Laboratory (GR-CEL), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Shu Tao
- Key Laboratory for Earth Surface and Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - WenXin Liu
- Key Laboratory for Earth Surface and Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
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16
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Liu Y, Zhang J, Tang Y, He Y, Li Y, You J, Breider F, Tao S, Liu W. Effects of anthropogenic discharge and hydraulic deposition on the distribution and accumulation of microplastics in surface sediments of a typical seagoing river: The Haihe River. J Hazard Mater 2021; 404:124180. [PMID: 33059152 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics pollution in river systems has generated great concern; however, few studies have focused on the contributions of multiple influencing factors to microplastics in river systems. In the current study, we utilized data on microplastics in surface sediments from the Haihe River, a seagoing river in northern China to establish a generalized additive model (GAM) for quantifying the effects of multiple factors on the distribution of microplastics. A high abundance of microplastics (4980 ± 2462 items∙kg-1 dry weight) was found. Small particles (< 1000 µm) accounted for a dominant proportion (44.8-61.0%). Polyethylene (PE) was the chief component with an averaged fraction of 49.3%, in which low- and high-density polyethylene contributed 90.7% and 9.3% of the PE, respectively. Microplastics abundance was positively correlated with sediment TOC and the silt fraction (p < 0.05) but negatively correlated with the sand fraction (p < 0.05). The GAM could explain approximate 60% of the total microplastics abundance, and dam (28.5%), sediment TOC (22.9%), and sewage effluent (17.6%) were the main contributors to total variations in microplastics abundance. Local sewage effluent acted as an important point source of microplastics discharge, and the dam on the river greatly affected the deposition and accumulation of microplastics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Key Laboratory for Earth Surface and Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; Central Environmental Laboratory (GR-CEL), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - JiaoDi Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Earth Surface and Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yi Tang
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yong He
- Key Laboratory for Earth Surface and Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - YuJun Li
- Key Laboratory for Earth Surface and Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - JinAo You
- Key Laboratory for Earth Surface and Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Florian Breider
- Central Environmental Laboratory (GR-CEL), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Shu Tao
- Key Laboratory for Earth Surface and Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - WenXin Liu
- Key Laboratory for Earth Surface and Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
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17
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Ngweme GN, Al Salah DMM, Laffite A, Sivalingam P, Grandjean D, Konde JN, Mulaji CK, Breider F, Poté J. Occurrence of organic micropollutants and human health risk assessment based on consumption of Amaranthus viridis, Kinshasa in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Sci Total Environ 2021; 754:142175. [PMID: 32920409 PMCID: PMC7467084 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The contamination of water resource and food chain by persistent organic pollutants (POPs) constitutes a major environmental and human health concern worldwide. The aim of this study was to investigate the levels of POPs in irrigation water, soil and in Amaranthus viridis (A. viridis) from different gardening sites in Kinshasa to evaluate the potential environmental and human health risks. A survey study for the use of pesticides and fertilizers was carried out with 740 market gardeners. The levels of POPs (including organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)) were analyzed in irrigation water and 144 vegetable samples collected from different gardening sites. The assessment of potential human health risk was estimated by calculating daily intake and toxic equivalency to quantify the carcinogenicity. The results show highest PAH levels in A. viridis from all studied sites. The concentrations of the sum of seven PCBs (Σ7PCBS) congeners in analyzed plants ranged between 15.89 and 401.36 ng g-1. The distributions of OCPs in both water and A. viridis were congener specific, chlorpyrifos-ethyl and p,p'-DDE were predominantly detected. Among PBDEs, only BDE47 was quantified with noticeable concentration in A. viridis, while no PBDEs were detected in irrigation water. Higher estimated daily intake values indicate that consuming leafy vegetables might associate with increased human health risks. However, calculated incremental lifetime cancer risk values indicates no potential carcinogenic risk for the local population. The results of this study provide important information on A. viridis contamination by POPs and strongly recommend implementing the appropriate measures to control the use of chemicals used in studied gardening areas. Thus in Kinshasa, urban agriculture control programs for POPs and fertilizers is very important in order to protect the public health through direct and dietary exposure pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgette N Ngweme
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kinshasa, Po.Box 11850, Kinshasa XI, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Dhafer Mohammed M Al Salah
- Department F.-A. Forel for Environmental and Aquatic Sciences, and Institute of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Geneva, 66 Boulevard Carl-Vogt, CH-1205 Geneva, Switzerland; King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Joint Centers of Excellence Program, Prince Turki the 1st st, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amandine Laffite
- Department F.-A. Forel for Environmental and Aquatic Sciences, and Institute of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Geneva, 66 Boulevard Carl-Vogt, CH-1205 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Periyasamy Sivalingam
- Postgraduate and Research Department of Microbiology, Jamal Mohamed College, Tiruchirappalli 620020, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Dominique Grandjean
- Central Environmental Laboratory (GR-CEL), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Joel N Konde
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kinshasa, Po.Box 11850, Kinshasa XI, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Crispin K Mulaji
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Kinshasa (UNIKIN), Po.Box 190, Kinshasa XI, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Florian Breider
- Central Environmental Laboratory (GR-CEL), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - John Poté
- Department F.-A. Forel for Environmental and Aquatic Sciences, and Institute of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Geneva, 66 Boulevard Carl-Vogt, CH-1205 Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Kinshasa (UNIKIN), Po.Box 190, Kinshasa XI, Democratic Republic of the Congo.
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18
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Hang Pham TT, Cochevelou V, Khoa Dinh HD, Breider F, Rossi P. Implementation of a constructed wetland for the sustainable treatment of inland shrimp farming water. J Environ Manage 2021; 279:111782. [PMID: 33307316 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In the Mekong delta, inland-based shrimp breeding requires significant inflow of high-quality freshwater. In turn, discharge of substantial loads of poor-quality effluents negatively impacts adjacent water bodies and favors disease outbreaks. This project describes the implementation of a laboratory-based continuous closed recirculation aquaculture system composed of a constructed wetland (CW) with horizontal subsurface flow as a water treatment filter for mesohaline conditions, functioning under high loading rate (HLR = 1.54 m/d with HRT = 1.31 h). This CW was equipped of successive compartment dedicated to the successive elimination of the contaminants of interests. CW performance was measured over a complete growth cycle of the White-leg shrimps (Litopenaeus vannamei). Results showed that the designed system was pertinent, improving water quality of the shrimp culture substantially. Complete removal of nitrite was attained, with a concomitant reduction of respectively 78% and 76% of nitrate and COD. Bacteria enumeration tests showed that Vibrio sp. cells were fully removed, and that a 3 Log reduction was reached in total aerobic bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Thu Hang Pham
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Institute for Environment and Resources, National University Viet Nam, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Vincent Cochevelou
- Central Environmental Laboratory, School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Hoang Dang Khoa Dinh
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Institute for Environment and Resources, National University Viet Nam, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Florian Breider
- Central Environmental Laboratory, School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pierre Rossi
- Central Environmental Laboratory, School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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19
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Liu Y, He Y, Zhang J, Cai C, Breider F, Tao S, Liu W. Distribution, partitioning behavior, and ecological risk assessment of phthalate esters in sediment particle-pore water systems from the main stream of the Haihe River, Northern China. Sci Total Environ 2020; 745:141131. [PMID: 32738696 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The distribution, partitioning behavior and risk assessment of phthalate esters (PAEs) in the surface sediment-pore water system of the Haihe River were investigated. The total cumulative concentrations of 21 PAE species (Σ21PAEs) in the surface sediment ranged from 45.9 to 1474.1 ng·g-1 dry weight (dw) and were from 17.9 to 2628.8 ng·mL-1 in the pore water. Di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), and diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) were the dominant components, and their sum accounted, on average, for 88.4% and 72.0% of Σ21PAEs in the surface sediment and pore water, respectively. The spatial distributions of Σ21PAEs in the surface sediment and pore water indicated that large amounts of the consumed products contained plasticizers in the urban and nearshore areas and increased the discharge of PAEs into the Haihe River. The river dam also affected PAEs distributions. The organic carbon normalized partitioning coefficient (logKOC) followed a sequence as dry season (2.47 ± 0.35 mL·g-1) > wet season (2.02 ± 0.45 mL·g-1) > normal season (1.98 ± 0.42 mL·g-1). The risk quotient (RQ) method was employed to assess the potential ecological risk from specific species. High ecological risks of DEHP to the sensitive algae, crustacean, and fish species along with high ecological risks of DIBP to sensitive fish species were found in the surface sediment and pore water for all sampling seasons. In addition, DBP in the surface sediment and pore water exhibited moderate and high ecological risks to sensitive aquatic species. The highest RQ values for PAEs were found in the surface sediment and pore water in suburban and urban areas, respectively, and indicated that anthropogenic activities may cause severe river pollution and high risk to the local aquatic ecosystem. CAPSULE: High levels and ecological risks from PAEs were found in the urban river, and the partitioning behaviors of PAEs between the surface sediment and pore water were not significantly affected by their hydrophobicity, especially for species with low KOW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Key Laboratory for Earth Surface and Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Central Environmental Laboratory (GR-CEL), Station 2, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Yong He
- Key Laboratory for Earth Surface and Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - JiaoDi Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Earth Surface and Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - ChuanYang Cai
- Key Laboratory for Earth Surface and Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Florian Breider
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Central Environmental Laboratory (GR-CEL), Station 2, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Shu Tao
- Key Laboratory for Earth Surface and Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - WenXin Liu
- Key Laboratory for Earth Surface and Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
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20
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Nguyen TTD, Nguyen TT, An Binh Q, Bui XT, Ngo HH, Vo HNP, Andrew Lin KY, Vo TDH, Guo W, Lin C, Breider F. Co-culture of microalgae-activated sludge for wastewater treatment and biomass production: Exploring their role under different inoculation ratios. Bioresour Technol 2020; 314:123754. [PMID: 32650264 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
In this study, mixed culture (microalgae:activated sludge) of a photobioreactor (PBR) were investigated at different inoculation ratios (1:0, 9:1, 3:1, 1:1, 0:1 wt/wt). This work was not only to determine the optimal ratio for pollutant remediation and biomass production but also to explore the role of microorganisms in the co-culture system. The results showed high total biomass concentrations were obtained from 1:0 and 3:1 ratio being values of 1.06, 1.12 g L-1, respectively. Microalgae played a dominant role in nitrogen removal via biological assimilation while activated sludge was responsible for improving COD removal. Compared with the single culture of microalgae, the symbiosis between microalgae and bacteria occurred at 3:1 and 1:1 ratio facilitated a higher COD removal by 37.5-45.7 %. In general, combined assessment based on treatment performance and biomass productivity facilitated to select an optimal ratio of 3:1 for the operation of the co-culture PBR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi-Thuy-Duong Nguyen
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Waste Treatment Technology, Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh (VNU-HCM), Linh Trung Ward, Thu Duc District, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Viet Nam; Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT), Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Viet Nam
| | - Thanh-Tin Nguyen
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, 03 Quang Trung, Da Nang 550000, Viet Nam
| | - Quach An Binh
- Faculty of Applied Sciences-Health, Dong Nai Technology University, Dong Nai 810000, Viet Nam
| | - Xuan-Thanh Bui
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Waste Treatment Technology, Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh (VNU-HCM), Linh Trung Ward, Thu Duc District, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Viet Nam; Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT), Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Viet Nam.
| | - Huu Hao Ngo
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Hoang Nhat Phong Vo
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Kun-Yi Andrew Lin
- Department of Environmental Engineering & Innovation and Development Center of Sustainable Agriculture & Research Center of Sustainable Energy and Nanotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, 250 Kuo-Kuang Road, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Thi-Dieu-Hien Vo
- Faculty of Environmental and Food Engineering, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Wenshan Guo
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Chitsan Lin
- National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan
| | - Florian Breider
- ENAC, IIE, Central Environmental Laboratory (CEL), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Station 2, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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21
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Suami RB, Sivalingam P, Al Salah DM, Grandjean D, Mulaji CK, Mpiana PT, Breider F, Otamonga JP, Poté J. Heavy metals and persistent organic pollutants contamination in river, estuary, and marine sediments from Atlantic Coast of Democratic Republic of the Congo. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2020; 27:20000-20013. [PMID: 32232759 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08179-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The pollution assessment and the evaluation of potential risks in the Atlantic Coastal Region of the Democratic Republic of the Congo are still very limited. Consequently, the present study investigates for the first time the concentrations of heavy metals and persistent organic pollutants (organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)) in river, estuary, and marine sediments from this area. The results highlighted high concentrations of Cr, Zn, As, and Pb exceeding the probable effect level (PEL) on aquatic life. Zn was the most dominant element detected at a range of 180-480 mg kg-1 in marine sediment, 132-382 mg kg-1 in estuary sediment, and 121-687 mg kg-1 in river sediment. Total PCBs (∑7 × 4.3) ranged from 1995 to 20,156 μg kg-1, 2013-12,058 μg kg-1, and 1861-36,417 μg kg-1 in marine, estuary, and river sediments, respectively. Total PCBs (∑7 × 4.3) were above PEL for all sediments, suggesting potential adverse effects on benthic organisms. The OCP, PBDE, and PAH levels were low to moderate for all sediments. Taking into consideration, the concentrations of Zn, Pb, PCBs, and DDTs, probable environmental risks, are present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Bueya Suami
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Kinshasa (UNIKIN), BP 190, Kinshasa XI, Democratic Republic of the Congo
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kinshasa (UNIKIN), BP 212, Kinshasa XI, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Periyasamy Sivalingam
- Department F.-A. Forel for Environmental and Aquatic Sciences and Institute of Environmental Sciences, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Geneva, Uni Carl-Vogt, 66 Boulevard Carl-Vogt, CH-1211, Geneva 4, Switzerland
- Postgraduate and Research Department of Microbiology, Jamal Mohamed College, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, 620020, India
| | - Dhafer Mohammed Al Salah
- Department F.-A. Forel for Environmental and Aquatic Sciences and Institute of Environmental Sciences, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Geneva, Uni Carl-Vogt, 66 Boulevard Carl-Vogt, CH-1211, Geneva 4, Switzerland
- Joint Centers of Excellence Program, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Prince Turki the 1st st, Riyadh, 11442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dominique Grandjean
- Central Environmental Laboratory (GR-CEL), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Crispin Kyela Mulaji
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Kinshasa (UNIKIN), BP 190, Kinshasa XI, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Pius Tshimankinda Mpiana
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Kinshasa (UNIKIN), BP 190, Kinshasa XI, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Florian Breider
- Central Environmental Laboratory (GR-CEL), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Paul Otamonga
- Université Pédagogique Nationale (UPN), Croisement Route de Matadi et Avenue de la Libération. Quartier Binza/UPN, BP 8815, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - John Poté
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Kinshasa (UNIKIN), BP 190, Kinshasa XI, Democratic Republic of the Congo.
- Department F.-A. Forel for Environmental and Aquatic Sciences and Institute of Environmental Sciences, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Geneva, Uni Carl-Vogt, 66 Boulevard Carl-Vogt, CH-1211, Geneva 4, Switzerland.
- Université Pédagogique Nationale (UPN), Croisement Route de Matadi et Avenue de la Libération. Quartier Binza/UPN, BP 8815, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo.
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22
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Breider F, Yoshikawa C, Makabe A, Toyoda S, Wakita M, Matsui Y, Kawagucci S, Fujiki T, Harada N, Yoshida N. Response of N 2O production rate to ocean acidification in the western North Pacific. Nat Clim Chang 2019; 9:954-958. [PMID: 31857827 PMCID: PMC6923134 DOI: 10.1038/s41558-019-0605-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Ocean acidification induced by the increase of anthropogenic CO2 emissions has a profound impact on marine organisms and biogeochemical processes.1 The response of marine microbial activities to ocean acidification might play a crucial role in the future evolution of air-sea fluxes of biogenic gases such as nitrous oxide (N2O), a strong greenhouse gas and the dominant stratospheric ozone-depleting substance.2 Here, we examine the response of N2O production from nitrification to acidification in a series of incubation experiments conducted in subtropical and subarctic western North Pacific. The experiments show that, when pH was reduced, the N2O production rate during nitrification measured at subarctic stations increased significantly whereas nitrification rates remained stable or decreased. Contrary to what was previously thought, these results suggest that the effect of ocean acidification on N2O production during nitrification and nitrification rates are likely uncoupled. Collectively these results suggest that, if seawater pH continues to decline at the same rate, ocean acidification could increase the marine N2O production during nitrification in subarctic North Pacific by 185 to 491% by the end of the century.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Breider
- Tokyo Institute of Technology, Department of Environmental Chemistry
and Engineering, Nagatsuta 4259, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8502 Kanagawa, Japan
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne - EPFL,
Institute of Environmental Engineering, Station 2, CH-1015 Lausanne,
Switzerland
- corresponding author: Florian Breider, Ecole Polytechnique
Fédérale de Lausanne - EPFL, Institute of Environmental
Engineering, Station 2, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland,
| | - Chisato Yoshikawa
- Research Institute for Marine Resources Utilization, Japan Agency of
Marine Earth Science and Technology, 2-15 Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka-city 237-0061,
Japan
| | - Akiko Makabe
- Institute for Extra-cutting-edge Science and Technology Avant-garde
Research (X-star), Japan Agency of Marine Earth Science and Technology, 2-15
Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka-city 237-0061, Japan
| | - Sakae Toyoda
- Tokyo Institute of Technology, School of Materials and Chemical
Technology, Nagatsuta 4259, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8502 Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masahide Wakita
- Research Institute for Global Change (RIGC), Japan Agency of Marine
Earth Science and Technology,2-15 Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka-city 237-0061,
Japan
| | - Yohei Matsui
- Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo,
5-1-5, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa-shi, Chiba 277-8564 Japan
| | - Shinsuke Kawagucci
- Institute for Extra-cutting-edge Science and Technology Avant-garde
Research (X-star), Japan Agency of Marine Earth Science and Technology, 2-15
Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka-city 237-0061, Japan
| | - Tetsuichi Fujiki
- Research Institute for Global Change (RIGC), Japan Agency of Marine
Earth Science and Technology,2-15 Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka-city 237-0061,
Japan
| | - Naomi Harada
- Research Institute for Global Change (RIGC), Japan Agency of Marine
Earth Science and Technology,2-15 Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka-city 237-0061,
Japan
| | - Naohiro Yoshida
- Tokyo Institute of Technology, Department of Environmental Chemistry
and Engineering, Nagatsuta 4259, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8502 Kanagawa, Japan
- Tokyo Institute of Technology, School of Materials and Chemical
Technology, Nagatsuta 4259, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8502 Kanagawa, Japan
- Tokyo Institute of Technology, Earth-Life Science Institute, Meguro,
152-8551 Tokyo, Japan
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Breider F, Salihu I, von Gunten U. Formation of N-nitrosamines by micelle-catalysed nitrosation of aliphatic secondary amines. Environ Sci Process Impacts 2018; 20:1479-1487. [PMID: 30252010 DOI: 10.1039/c8em00335a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
N-Nitrosamines are an important class of potent human carcinogens and mutagens that can be present in water and wastewater. For instance, N-nitrosamines can be formed by reaction of nitrosating agents such as NO+ or N2O3 formed from nitrite under acidic conditions with secondary amine precursors by an acid-catalysed nitrosation pathway. This study investigates the catalytic effect of cationic and anionic micelles on the nitrosation of secondary aliphatic amines in the presence of nitrite at different pH values. The results of this study demonstrate that the nitrosation of hydrophobic secondary amines (e.g., dipropylamine and dibutylamine) by nitrite was significantly enhanced in the presence of micelles of the cationic surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium chloride whereas anionic micelles formed by sodium dodecylsulfate did not significantly enhance the formation of N-nitrosamines. Rate enhancements of up to 100-fold were observed for the formation of N-nitrosodibutylamine in the presence of cetyltrimethylammonium chloride. The magnitude of the catalytic effect of cationic micelles on the nitrosation reaction depended mainly of the hydrophobicity of the amine precursors (i.e., alkyl chain length), the stability and the charge of the micelles and pH. One important enhancement factor is the lowering of the pKa of the precursor alkylammonium ion due to the electrical potential at the micelle-water interface by up to ∼2.5 pH units. These results suggest that cationic micelle-forming surfactants might play a role in the formation of N-nitrosamines in wastewater, consumer products and in industrial processes using high concentrations of cationic surfactants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Breider
- School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering (ENAC), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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Breider F, von Gunten U. Quantification of Total N-Nitrosamine Concentrations in Aqueous Samples via UV-Photolysis and Chemiluminescence Detection of Nitric Oxide. Anal Chem 2017; 89:1574-1582. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b03595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Florian Breider
- School
of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering (ENAC), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Urs von Gunten
- School
of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering (ENAC), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
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25
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Breider F, Albers CN. Formation mechanisms of trichloromethyl-containing compounds in the terrestrial environment: a critical review. Chemosphere 2015; 119:145-154. [PMID: 24974224 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.05.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2014] [Revised: 05/14/2014] [Accepted: 05/28/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Natural trichloromethyl compounds present in the terrestrial environment are important contributors to chlorine in the lower atmosphere and may be also a cause for concern when high concentrations are detected in soils and groundwater. During the last decade our knowledge of the mechanisms involved in the formation of these compounds has grown. This critical review summarizes our current understanding and uncertainties on the mechanisms leading to the formation of natural trichloromethyl compounds. The objective of the review is to gather information regarding the natural processes that lead to the formation of trichloromethyl compounds and then to compare these mechanisms with the much more comprehensive literature on the reactions occurring during chemical chlorination of organic material. It turns out that the reaction mechanisms during chemical chlorination are likely to be similar to those occurring naturally and that significant knowledge may therefore be transferred between the scientific disciplines of chemical chlorination and natural organohalogens. There is however still a need for additional research before we understand fully the mechanisms occurring during the formation of natural trichloromethyl compounds and open questions and future research needs are identified in the last part of the review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Breider
- Tokyo Institute of Technology, Department of Environmental Chemistry and Engineering, Nagatsuta 4259, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8502, Kanagawa, Japan.
| | - Christian Nyrop Albers
- Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland, Department of Geochemistry, Øster Voldgade 10, DK-1350 Copenhagen, Denmark; Center for Permafrost (CENPERM), Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, DK-1350 Copenhagen, Denmark
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26
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Breider F, Hunkeler D. Investigating chloroperoxidase-catalyzed formation of chloroform from humic substances using stable chlorine isotope analysis. Environ Sci Technol 2014; 48:1592-1600. [PMID: 24377317 DOI: 10.1021/es403879e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Chloroperoxidase (CPO) is suspected to play an important role in the biosynthesis of natural chloroform. The aims of the present study are to evaluate the variability of the δ(37)Cl value of naturally produced chloroform and to better understand the reaction steps that control the chlorine isotope signature of chloroform. The isotope analyses have shown that the chlorination of the humic substances (HS) in the presence of high H3O(+) and Cl(-) concentrations induces a large apparent kinetic isotope effect (AKIE = 1.010-1.018) likely associated with the transfer of chlorine between two heavy atoms, whereas in the presence of low H3O(+) and Cl(-) concentrations, the formation of chloroform induces a smaller AKIE (1.005-1.006) likely associated with the formation of an HOCl-ferriprotoporphyrin IX intermediate. As the concentration of H3O(+) and Cl(-) in soils are generally at submillimolar levels, the formation of the HOCl-ferriprotoporphyrin IX intermediate is likely rate-limiting in a terrestrial environment. Given that the δ(37)Cl values of naturally occurring chloride tend to range between -1 and +1‰, the δ(37)Cl value of natural chloroform should vary between -5‰ and -8‰. As the median δ(37)Cl value of industrial chloroform is -3.0‰, the present study suggests that chlorine isotopic composition of chloroform might be used to discriminate industrial and natural sources in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Breider
- Center for Hydrogeology and Geothermics (CHYN), University of Neuchâtel , rue Emile-Argand 11, CH-2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
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Breider F, Albers CN, Hunkeler D. Assessing the role of trichloroacetyl-containing compounds in the natural formation of chloroform using stable carbon isotopes analysis. Chemosphere 2013; 90:441-448. [PMID: 22925426 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2012.07.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2012] [Revised: 07/22/2012] [Accepted: 07/26/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Chloroform (CHCl(3)) is an environmental contaminant widely distributed around world, as well as a natural compound formed in various aquatic and terrestrial environments. However, the chemical mechanisms leading to the natural formation of chloroform in soils are not completely understood. To assess the role of trichloroacetyl-containing compound (TCAc) in the natural formation of chloroform in forest soils, carbon stable isotope analyses of chloroform and TCAc in field samples and chlorination experiments were carried out. The isotope analysis of field samples have revealed that the δ(13)C value of natural chloroform (δ(13)C(mean)=-25.8‰) is in the same range as the natural organic matter (δ(13)C(mean)=-27.7‰), whereas trichloromethyl groups of TCAc are much more enriched in (13)C (δ(13)C(mean)=-9.8‰). A similar relationship was also observed for TCAc and chloroform produced by chlorination of natural organic matter with NaOCl. The strong depletion of (13)C in chloroform relative to TCAc can be explained by carbon isotope fractionation during TCAc hydrolysis. As shown using a mathematical model, when steady state between formation of TCAc and hydrolysis is reached, the isotope ratio of chloroform is expected to correspond to isotope composition of NOM while TCAc should be enriched in (13)C by about 18.3‰, which is in good agreement with field observations. Hence this study suggests that TCAc are likely precursors of chloroform and at the same time explains why natural chloroform has a similar isotope composition as NOM despite large carbon isotope fractionation during its release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Breider
- Centre for Hydrogeology and Geothermics (CHYN), University of Neuchâtel, rue Emile-Argand 11, CH-2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland.
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Hunkeler D, Laier T, Breider F, Jacobsen OS. Demonstrating a natural origin of chloroform in groundwater using stable carbon isotopes. Environ Sci Technol 2012; 46:6096-6101. [PMID: 22554551 DOI: 10.1021/es204585d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Chloroform has been for a long time considered only as an anthropogenic contaminant. The presence of chloroform in forest soil and groundwater has been widely demonstrated. The frequent detection of chloroform in groundwater in absence of other contaminants suggests that chloroform is likely produced naturally. Compound-specific isotope analysis of chloroform was performed on soil-gas and groundwater samples to elucidate whether its source is natural or anthropogenic. The δ(13)C values of chloroform (-22.8 to -26.2‰) present in soil gas collected in a forested area are within the same range as the soil organic matter (-22.6 to -28.2‰) but are more enriched in (13)C compared to industrial chloroform (-43.2 to -63.6‰). The δ(13)C values of chloroform at the water table (-22.0‰) corresponded well to the δ(13)C of soil gas chloroform, demonstrating that the isotope signature of chloroform is maintained during transport through the unsaturated zone. Generally, the isotope signature of chloroform is conserved also during longer range transport in the aquifer. These δ(13)C data support the hypothesis that chloroform is naturally formed in some forest soils. These results may be particularly relevant for authorities' regulation of chloroform which in the case of Denmark was very strict for groundwater (<1 μg/L).
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Hunkeler
- Center of Hydrogeology and Geothermics (CHYN), University of Neuchâtel, rue Emile Argand 11, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
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Breider F, Hunkeler D. Position-specific carbon isotope analysis of trichloroacetic acid by gas chromatography/isotope ratio mass spectrometry. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 2011; 25:3659-3665. [PMID: 22468322 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.5276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Trichloroacetic acid (TCAA) is an important environmental contaminant present in soils, water and plants. A method for determining the carbon isotope signature of the trichloromethyl position in TCAA using gas chromatography/combustion/isotope ratio mass spectrometry (GC/C/IRMS) was developed and tested with TCAA from different origins. Position-specific isotope analysis (PSIA) can provide direct information on the kinetic isotope effect for isotope substitution at a specific position in the molecule and/or help to distinguish different sources of a compound. The method is based on the degradation of TCAA into chloroform (CF) and CO₂ by thermal decarboxylation. Since thermal decarboxylation is associated with strong carbon isotope fractionation (ε = -34.6 ± 0.2‰) the reaction conditions were optimized to ensure full conversion. The combined isotope ratio of CF and CO₂ at the end of the reaction corresponded well to the isotope ratio of TCAA, confirming the reliability of the method. A method quantification limit (MQL) for TCAA of 18.6 µg/L was determined. Samples of TCAA produced by enzymatic and non-enzymatic chlorination of natural organic matter (NOM) and some industrially produced TCAA were used as exemplary sources. Significant different PSIA isotope ratios were observed between industrial TCAA and TCAA samples produced by chlorination of NOM. This highlights the potential of the method to study the origin and the fate of TCAA in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Breider
- Centre for Hydrogeology and Geothermics, University of Neuchâtel, Switzerland.
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