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Takahashi M, Kobayashi T, Mizuma H, Yamauchi K, Okamoto S, Okamoto K, Ishida Y, Koike M, Watanabe M, Isa T, Hioki H. Preferential arborization of dendrites and axons of parvalbumin- and somatostatin-positive GABAergic neurons within subregions of the mouse claustrum. Neurosci Res 2023; 190:92-106. [PMID: 36574563 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2022.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The claustrum coordinates the activities of individual cortical areas through abundant reciprocal connections with the cerebral cortex. Although these excitatory connections have been extensively investigated in three subregions of the claustrum-core region and dorsal and ventral shell regions-the contribution of GABAergic neurons to the circuitry in each subregion remains unclear. Here, we examined the distribution of GABAergic neurons and their dendritic and axonal arborizations in each subregion. Combining in situ hybridization with immunofluorescence histochemistry showed that approximately 10% of neuronal nuclei-positive cells expressed glutamic acid decarboxylase 67 mRNA across the claustral subregions. Approximately 20%, 30%, and 10% of GABAergic neurons were immunoreactive for parvalbumin (PV), somatostatin (SOM), and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, respectively, in each subregion, and these neurochemical markers showed little overlap with each other. We then reconstructed PV and SOM neurons labeled with adeno-associated virus vectors. The dendrites and axons of PV and SOM neurons were preferentially localized to their respective subregions where their cell bodies were located. Furthermore, the axons were preferentially extended in a rostrocaudal direction, whereas the dendrites were relatively isotropic. The present findings suggest that claustral PV and SOM neurons might execute information processing separately within the core and shell regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megumu Takahashi
- Department of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan; Department of Neuroanatomy, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS), Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0083, Japan
| | - Tomoyo Kobayashi
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Haruhi Mizuma
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Kenta Yamauchi
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Okamoto
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; Advanced Research Institute for Health Sciences, Juntendo University, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Kazuki Okamoto
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Yoko Ishida
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; Advanced Research Institute for Health Sciences, Juntendo University, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Masato Koike
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; Advanced Research Institute for Health Sciences, Juntendo University, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Masahiko Watanabe
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8638, Japan
| | - Tadashi Isa
- Department of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan; Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology (WPI-ASHBi), Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Hioki
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; Department of Multi-Scale Brain Structure Imaging, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan.
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Okamoto K, Kamikubo Y, Yamauchi K, Okamoto S, Takahashi M, Ishida Y, Koike M, Ikegaya Y, Sakurai T, Hioki H. Specific AAV2/PHP.eB-mediated gene transduction of CA2 pyramidal cells via injection into the lateral ventricle. Sci Rep 2023; 13:323. [PMID: 36609635 PMCID: PMC9822962 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-27372-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Given its limited accessibility, the CA2 area has been less investigated compared to other subregions of the hippocampus. While the development of transgenic mice expressing Cre recombinase in the CA2 has revealed unique features of this area, the use of mouse lines has several limitations, such as lack of specificity. Therefore, a specific gene delivery system is required. Here, we confirmed that the AAV-PHP.eB capsid preferably infected CA2 pyramidal cells following retro-orbital injection and demonstrated that the specificity was substantially higher after injection into the lateral ventricle. In addition, a tropism for the CA2 area was observed in organotypic slice cultures. Combined injection into the lateral ventricle and stereotaxic injection into the CA2 area specifically introduced the transgene into CA2 pyramidal cells, enabling us to perform targeted patch-clamp recordings and optogenetic manipulation. These results suggest that AAV-PHP.eB is a versatile tool for specific gene transduction in CA2 pyramidal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Okamoto
- grid.258269.20000 0004 1762 2738Department of Neuroanatomy, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8421 Japan ,grid.258269.20000 0004 1762 2738Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8421 Japan ,grid.258269.20000 0004 1762 2738Juntendo Advanced Research Institute for Health Science, Juntendo University, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8421 Japan
| | - Yuji Kamikubo
- grid.258269.20000 0004 1762 2738Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8421 Japan
| | - Kenta Yamauchi
- grid.258269.20000 0004 1762 2738Department of Neuroanatomy, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8421 Japan ,grid.258269.20000 0004 1762 2738Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8421 Japan ,grid.258269.20000 0004 1762 2738Juntendo Advanced Research Institute for Health Science, Juntendo University, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8421 Japan
| | - Shinichiro Okamoto
- grid.258269.20000 0004 1762 2738Department of Neuroanatomy, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8421 Japan ,grid.258269.20000 0004 1762 2738Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8421 Japan ,grid.258269.20000 0004 1762 2738Juntendo Advanced Research Institute for Health Science, Juntendo University, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8421 Japan
| | - Megumu Takahashi
- grid.258269.20000 0004 1762 2738Department of Neuroanatomy, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8421 Japan ,grid.258269.20000 0004 1762 2738Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8421 Japan ,grid.258799.80000 0004 0372 2033Department of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Kyoto 606-8501 Japan ,grid.54432.340000 0001 0860 6072Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS), Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-0083 Japan
| | - Yoko Ishida
- grid.258269.20000 0004 1762 2738Department of Neuroanatomy, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8421 Japan ,grid.258269.20000 0004 1762 2738Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8421 Japan ,grid.258269.20000 0004 1762 2738Juntendo Advanced Research Institute for Health Science, Juntendo University, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8421 Japan
| | - Masato Koike
- grid.258269.20000 0004 1762 2738Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8421 Japan ,grid.258269.20000 0004 1762 2738Juntendo Advanced Research Institute for Health Science, Juntendo University, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8421 Japan
| | - Yuji Ikegaya
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XLaboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo‐ku, Tokyo, 113‐0033 Japan ,grid.28312.3a0000 0001 0590 0962Center for Information and Neural Networks, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, Suita, Osaka 565-0871 Japan ,grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XInstitute for AI and Beyond, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo‐ku, Tokyo, 113‐0033 Japan
| | - Takashi Sakurai
- grid.258269.20000 0004 1762 2738Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8421 Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Hioki
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan. .,Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan. .,Department of Multi-Scale Brain Structure Imaging, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan.
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Nakamura Y, Yahiro T, Fukushima A, Kataoka N, Hioki H, Nakamura K. Prostaglandin EP3 receptor-expressing preoptic neurons bidirectionally control body temperature via tonic GABAergic signaling. Sci Adv 2022; 8:eadd5463. [PMID: 36563142 PMCID: PMC9788766 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.add5463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The bidirectional controller of the thermoregulatory center in the preoptic area (POA) is unknown. Using rats, here, we identify prostaglandin EP3 receptor-expressing POA neurons (POAEP3R neurons) as a pivotal bidirectional controller in the central thermoregulatory mechanism. POAEP3R neurons are activated in response to elevated ambient temperature but inhibited by prostaglandin E2, a pyrogenic mediator. Chemogenetic stimulation of POAEP3R neurons at room temperature reduces body temperature by enhancing heat dissipation, whereas inhibition of them elicits hyperthermia involving brown fat thermogenesis, mimicking fever. POAEP3R neurons innervate sympathoexcitatory neurons in the dorsomedial hypothalamus (DMH) via tonic (ceaseless) inhibitory signaling. Although many POAEP3R neuronal cell bodies express a glutamatergic messenger RNA marker, their axons in the DMH predominantly release γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and their GABAergic terminals are increased by chronic heat exposure. These findings demonstrate that tonic GABAergic inhibitory signaling from POAEP3R neurons is a fundamental determinant of body temperature for thermal homeostasis and fever.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiko Nakamura
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Takaki Yahiro
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Akihiro Fukushima
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Naoya Kataoka
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
- Nagoya University Institute for Advanced Research, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Hioki
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Nakamura
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
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Yamauchi K, Furuta T, Okamoto S, Takahashi M, Koike M, Hioki H. Protocol for multi-scale light microscopy/electron microscopy neuronal imaging in mouse brain tissue. STAR Protoc 2022; 3:101508. [PMID: 36035789 PMCID: PMC9405099 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2022.101508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
An imaging technique across multiple spatial scales is required for extracting structural information on neurons with processes of meter scale length and specialized nanoscale structures. Here, we present a protocol combining multi-scale light microscopy (LM) with electron microscopy (EM) in mouse brain tissue. We describe tissue slice preparation and LM/EM dual labeling with EGFP-APEX2 fusion protein. We then detail ScaleSF tissue clearing and successive LM/EM imaging. Our protocol allows for deciphering structural information across multiple spatial scales on neurons. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Furuta et al. (2022). Successive light microscopy/electron microscopy combined with a tissue clearing protocol Multi-scale neuronal imaging from macroscopic to nanoscopic neuronal structures Light microscopy/electron microscopy dual labeling resistant for tissue clearing Simultaneous interrogation of brain-wide circuit structure and synaptic connectivity
Publisher’s note: Undertaking any experimental protocol requires adherence to local institutional guidelines for laboratory safety and ethics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenta Yamauchi
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Takahiro Furuta
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Neurobiology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Okamoto
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; Advanced Research Institute for Health Sciences, Juntendo University, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Megumu Takahashi
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; Department of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Tokyo 606-8501, Japan; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS), Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0083, Japan
| | - Masato Koike
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; Advanced Research Institute for Health Sciences, Juntendo University, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Hioki
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; Department of Multi-Scale Brain Structure Imaging, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan.
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Yamauchi K, Okamoto S, Takahashi M, Koike M, Furuta T, Hioki H. A Tissue Clearing Method for Neuronal Imaging from Mesoscopic to Microscopic Scales. J Vis Exp 2022. [DOI: 10.3791/63941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
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Yoshioka Y, Tachibana Y, Uesaka T, Hioki H, Sato Y, Fukumoto T, Enomoto H. Uts2b is a microbiota-regulated gene expressed in vagal afferent neurons connected to enteroendocrine cells producing cholecystokinin. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 608:66-72. [PMID: 35390674 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.03.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Enteroendocrine cells (EECs) are the primary sensory cells that sense the gut luminal environment and secret hormones to regulate organ function. Recent studies revealed that vagal afferent neurons are connected to EECs and relay sensory information from EECs to the brain stem. To date, however, the identity of vagal afferent neurons connected to a given EEC subtype and the mode of their gene responses to its intestinal hormone have remained unknown. Hypothesizing that EEC-associated vagal afferent neurons change their gene expression in response to the microbiota-related extracellular stimuli, we conducted comparative gene expression analyses of the nodose-petrosal ganglion complex (NPG) using specific pathogen-free (SPF) and germ-free (GF) mice. We report here that the Uts2b gene, which encodes a functionally unknown neuropeptide, urotensin 2B (UTS2B), is expressed in a microbiota-dependent manner in NPG neurons. In cultured NPG neurons, expression of Uts2b was induced by AR420626, the selective agonist for FFAR3. Moreover, distinct gastrointestinal hormones exerted differential effects on Uts2b expression in NPG neurons, where cholecystokinin (CCK) significantly increased its expression. The majority of Uts2b-expressing NPG neurons expressed CCK-A, the receptor for CCK, which comprised approximately 25% of all CCK-A-expressing NPG neurons. Selective fluorescent labeling of Uts2b-expressing NPG neurons revealed a direct contact of their nerve fibers to CCK-expressing EECs. This study identifies the Uts2b as a microbiota-regulated gene, demonstrates that Uts2b-expressing vagal afferent neurons transduce sensory information from CCK-expressing EECs to the brain, and suggests potential involvement of UTS2B in a modality of CCK actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Yoshioka
- Division for Neural Differentiation and Regeneration, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Tachibana
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Uesaka
- Division for Neural Differentiation and Regeneration, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Hioki
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuya Sato
- Division for Neural Differentiation and Regeneration, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Takumi Fukumoto
- Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hideki Enomoto
- Division for Neural Differentiation and Regeneration, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan.
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Furuta T, Yamauchi K, Okamoto S, Takahashi M, Kakuta S, Ishida Y, Takenaka A, Yoshida A, Uchiyama Y, Koike M, Isa K, Isa T, Hioki H. Multi-scale light microscopy/electron microscopy neuronal imaging from brain to synapse with a tissue clearing method, ScaleSF. iScience 2022; 25:103601. [PMID: 35106459 PMCID: PMC8786651 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The mammalian brain is organized over sizes that span several orders of magnitude, from synapses to the entire brain. Thus, a technique to visualize neural circuits across multiple spatial scales (multi-scale neuronal imaging) is vital for deciphering brain-wide connectivity. Here, we developed this technique by coupling successive light microscopy/electron microscopy (LM/EM) imaging with a glutaraldehyde-resistant tissue clearing method, ScaleSF. Our multi-scale neuronal imaging incorporates (1) brain-wide macroscopic observation, (2) mesoscopic circuit mapping, (3) microscopic subcellular imaging, and (4) EM imaging of nanoscopic structures, allowing seamless integration of structural information from the brain to synapses. We applied this technique to three neural circuits of two different species, mouse striatofugal, mouse callosal, and marmoset corticostriatal projection systems, and succeeded in simultaneous interrogation of their circuit structure and synaptic connectivity in a targeted way. Our multi-scale neuronal imaging will significantly advance the understanding of brain-wide connectivity by expanding the scales of objects. Successive light microscopy/electron microscopy in optically cleared tissues Multi-scale neuronal imaging from the entire brain to individual synapses Simultaneous interrogation of neural circuit structure and synaptic connectivity Zooming-in to scarce synaptic contacts with the successive imaging
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Furuta
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Neurobiology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kenta Yamauchi
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
- Advanced Research Institute for Health Sciences, Juntendo University, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Okamoto
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
- Advanced Research Institute for Health Sciences, Juntendo University, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Megumu Takahashi
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
- Department of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Soichiro Kakuta
- Laboratory of Morphology and Image Analysis, Biomedical Research Core Facilities, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Yoko Ishida
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
- Advanced Research Institute for Health Sciences, Juntendo University, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Aya Takenaka
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Neurobiology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Atsushi Yoshida
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Neurobiology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yasuo Uchiyama
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Neuropathology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Masato Koike
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
- Advanced Research Institute for Health Sciences, Juntendo University, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Kaoru Isa
- Department of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Tadashi Isa
- Department of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
- Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology (WPI-ASHBi), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Hioki
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
- Department of Multi-Scale Brain Structure Imaging, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
- Corresponding author
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Fujimoto H, Notsu E, Yamamoto R, Ono M, Hioki H, Takahashi M, Ito T. Kv4.2-Positive Domains on Dendrites in the Mouse Medial Geniculate Body Receive Ascending Excitatory and Inhibitory Inputs Preferentially From the Inferior Colliculus. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:740378. [PMID: 34658777 PMCID: PMC8511456 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.740378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The medial geniculate body (MGB) is the thalamic center of the auditory lemniscal pathway. The ventral division of MGB (MGV) receives excitatory and inhibitory inputs from the inferior colliculus (IC). MGV is involved in auditory attention by processing descending excitatory and inhibitory inputs from the auditory cortex (AC) and reticular thalamic nucleus (RTN), respectively. However, detailed mechanisms of the integration of different inputs in a single MGV neuron remain unclear. Kv4.2 is one of the isoforms of the Shal-related subfamily of potassium voltage-gated channels that are expressed in MGB. Since potassium channel is important for shaping synaptic current and spike waveforms, subcellular distribution of Kv4.2 is likely important for integration of various inputs. Here, we aimed to examine the detailed distribution of Kv4.2, in MGV neurons to understand its specific role in auditory attention. We found that Kv4.2 mRNA was expressed in most MGV neurons. At the protein level, Kv4.2-immunopositive patches were sparsely distributed in both the dendrites and the soma of neurons. The postsynaptic distribution of Kv4.2 protein was confirmed using electron microscopy (EM). The frequency of contact with Kv4.2-immunopositive puncta was higher in vesicular glutamate transporter 2 (VGluT2)-positive excitatory axon terminals, which are supposed to be extending from the IC, than in VGluT1-immunopositive terminals, which are expected to be originating from the AC. VGluT2-immunopositive terminals were significantly larger than VGluT1-immunopositive terminals. Furthermore, EM showed that the terminals forming asymmetric synapses with Kv4.2-immunopositive MGV dendritic domains were significantly larger than those forming synapses with Kv4.2-negative MGV dendritic domains. In inhibitory axons either from the IC or from the RTN, the frequency of terminals that were in contact with Kv4.2-positive puncta was higher in IC than in RTN. In summary, our study demonstrated that the Kv4.2-immunopositive domains of the MGV dendrites received excitatory and inhibitory ascending auditory inputs preferentially from the IC, and not from the RTN or cortex. Our findings imply that time course of synaptic current and spike waveforms elicited by IC inputs is modified in the Kv4.2 domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisataka Fujimoto
- Department of Anatomy, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan.,Department of Ophthalmology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan
| | - Eiji Notsu
- Department of Anatomy, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan
| | - Ryo Yamamoto
- Department of Physiology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Japan
| | - Munenori Ono
- Department of Physiology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Hioki
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Megumu Takahashi
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tetsufumi Ito
- Research and Education Program for Life Science, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan.,Department of Anatomy, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Japan.,Department of Systems Function and Morphology, Graduate School of Innovative Life Science, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
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9
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Kitamura E, Koike M, Hirayama T, Sunabori T, Kameda H, Hioki H, Takeda S, Itakura A. Susceptibility of subregions of prefrontal cortex and corpus callosum to damage by high-dose oxytocin-induced labor in male neonatal mice. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0256693. [PMID: 34437622 PMCID: PMC8389436 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0256693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Induction and augmentation of labor is one of the most common obstetrical interventions. However, this intervention is not free of risks and could cause adverse events, such as hyperactive uterine contraction, uterine rupture, and amniotic-fluid embolism. Our previous study using a new animal model showed that labor induced with high-dose oxytocin (OXT) in pregnant mice resulted in massive cell death in selective brain regions, specifically in male offspring. The affected brain regions included the prefrontal cortex (PFC), but a detailed study in the PFC subregions has not been performed. In this study, we induced labor in mice using high-dose OXT and investigated neonatal brain damage in detail in the PFC using light and electron microscopy. We found that TUNEL-positive or pyknotic nuclei and Iba-1-positive microglial cells were detected more abundantly in infralimbic (IL) and prelimbic (PL) cortex of the ventromedial PFC (vmPFC) in male pups delivered by OXT-induced labor than in the control male pups. These Iba-1-positive microglial cells were engulfing dying cells. Additionally, we also noticed that in the forceps minor (FMI) of the corpus callosum (CC), the number of TUNEL-positive or pyknotic nuclei and Iba-1-positive microglial cells were largely increased and Iba-1-positive microglial cells phagocytosed massive dying cells in male pups delivered by high-dose OXT-induced labor. In conclusion, IL and PL of the vmPFC and FMI of the CC, were susceptible to brain damage in male neonates after high-dose OXT-induced labor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eri Kitamura
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masato Koike
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Advanced Research Institute for Health Science, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Hirayama
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takehiko Sunabori
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kameda
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Hioki
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoru Takeda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsuo Itakura
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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10
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Takahashi H, Asahina R, Fujioka M, Matsui TK, Kato S, Mori E, Hioki H, Yamamoto T, Kobayashi K, Tsuboi A. Ras-like Gem GTPase induced by Npas4 promotes activity-dependent neuronal tolerance for ischemic stroke. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2018850118. [PMID: 34349016 PMCID: PMC8364162 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2018850118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke, which results in loss of neurological function, initiates a complex cascade of pathological events in the brain, largely driven by excitotoxic Ca2+ influx in neurons. This leads to cortical spreading depolarization, which induces expression of genes involved in both neuronal death and survival; yet, the functions of these genes remain poorly understood. Here, we profiled gene expression changes that are common to ischemia (modeled by middle cerebral artery occlusion [MCAO]) and to experience-dependent activation (modeled by exposure to an enriched environment [EE]), which also induces Ca2+ transients that trigger transcriptional programs. We found that the activity-dependent transcription factor Npas4 was up-regulated under MCAO and EE conditions and that transient activation of cortical neurons in the healthy brain by the EE decreased cell death after stroke. Furthermore, both MCAO in vivo and oxygen-glucose deprivation in vitro revealed that Npas4 is necessary and sufficient for neuroprotection. We also found that this protection involves the inhibition of L-type voltage-gated Ca2+ channels (VGCCs). Next, our systematic search for Npas4-downstream genes identified Gem, which encodes a Ras-related small GTPase that mediates neuroprotective effects of Npas4. Gem suppresses the membrane localization of L-type VGCCs to inhibit excess Ca2+ influx, thereby protecting neurons from excitotoxic death after in vitro and in vivo ischemia. Collectively, our findings indicate that Gem expression via Npas4 is necessary and sufficient to promote neuroprotection in the injured brain. Importantly, Gem is also induced in human cerebral organoids cultured under an ischemic condition, revealing Gem as a new target for drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroo Takahashi
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan;
- Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Neural Systems, Advanced Medical Research Center, Nara Medical University, Nara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Ryo Asahina
- Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Neural Systems, Advanced Medical Research Center, Nara Medical University, Nara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Masayuki Fujioka
- Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Neural Systems, Advanced Medical Research Center, Nara Medical University, Nara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Takeshi K Matsui
- Department of Future Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Nara Medical University, Nara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Shigeki Kato
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
| | - Eiichiro Mori
- Department of Future Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Nara Medical University, Nara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Hioki
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Tohru Yamamoto
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan
| | - Kazuto Kobayashi
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
| | - Akio Tsuboi
- Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Neural Systems, Advanced Medical Research Center, Nara Medical University, Nara 634-8521, Japan;
- Laboratory for Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Japan
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11
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Horie S, Kiyokage E, Hayashi S, Inoue K, Sohn J, Hioki H, Furuta T, Toida K. Cover Image, Volume 529, Issue 9. J Comp Neurol 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cne.25161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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12
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Elahi M, Motoi Y, Shimonaka S, Ishida Y, Hioki H, Takanashi M, Ishiguro K, Imai Y, Hattori N. High-fat diet-induced activation of SGK1 promotes Alzheimer's disease-associated tau pathology. Hum Mol Genet 2021; 30:1693-1710. [PMID: 33890983 PMCID: PMC8411983 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddab115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has long been considered a risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, the molecular links between T2DM and AD remain obscure. Here, we reported that serum-/glucocorticoid-regulated kinase 1 (SGK1) is activated by administering a chronic high-fat diet (HFD), which increases the risk of T2DM, and thus promotes Tau pathology via the phosphorylation of tau at Ser214 and the activation of a key tau kinase, namely, GSK-3ß, forming SGK1-GSK-3ß-tau complex. SGK1 was activated under conditions of elevated glucocorticoid and hyperglycemia associated with HFD, but not of fatty acid–mediated insulin resistance. Elevated expression of SGK1 in the mouse hippocampus led to neurodegeneration and impairments in learning and memory. Upregulation and activation of SGK1, SGK1-GSK-3ß-tau complex were also observed in the hippocampi of AD cases. Our results suggest that SGK1 is a key modifier of tau pathology in AD, linking AD to corticosteroid effects and T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Montasir Elahi
- Department of Diagnosis, Prevention and Treatment of Dementia, Juntendo University Graduate of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University Graduate of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Research for Parkinson's Disease, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yumiko Motoi
- Department of Diagnosis, Prevention and Treatment of Dementia, Juntendo University Graduate of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University Graduate of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shotaro Shimonaka
- Department of Diagnosis, Prevention and Treatment of Dementia, Juntendo University Graduate of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoko Ishida
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Juntendo University Graduate of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Hioki
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Juntendo University Graduate of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masashi Takanashi
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University Graduate of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koichi Ishiguro
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University Graduate of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuzuru Imai
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University Graduate of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Research for Parkinson's Disease, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +81 368018332; Fax: +81 358000547;
| | - Nobutaka Hattori
- Department of Diagnosis, Prevention and Treatment of Dementia, Juntendo University Graduate of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University Graduate of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Research for Parkinson's Disease, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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13
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Okamoto S, Yamauchi K, Sohn J, Takahashi M, Ishida Y, Furuta T, Koike M, Fujiyama F, Hioki H. Exclusive labeling of direct and indirect pathway neurons in the mouse neostriatum by an adeno-associated virus vector with Cre/lox system. STAR Protoc 2021; 2:100230. [PMID: 33364620 PMCID: PMC7753197 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2020.100230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
We developed an adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector-based technique to label mouse neostriatal neurons comprising direct and indirect pathways with different fluorescent proteins and analyze their axonal projections. The AAV vector expresses GFP or RFP in the presence or absence of Cre recombinase and should be useful for labeling two cell populations exclusively dependent on its expression. Here, we describe the AAV vector design, stereotaxic injection of the AAV vector, and a highly sensitive immunoperoxidase method for axon visualization. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Okamoto et al. (2020). Exclusive labeling of two groups of neurons with different fluorescent proteins Detailed protocols from stereotaxic virus injection to immunostaining methods A signal enhancement method via peroxidase activity, BT-GO reaction Significant improvement in a signal-to-noise ratio by the cost-effective reaction
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinichiro Okamoto
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
- Advanced Research Institute for Health Sciences, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
- Department of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Kenta Yamauchi
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
- Advanced Research Institute for Health Sciences, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Jaerin Sohn
- Division of Cerebral Circuitry, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787, Japan
| | - Megumu Takahashi
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
- Department of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Yoko Ishida
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Takahiro Furuta
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Neurobiology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Masato Koike
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
- Advanced Research Institute for Health Sciences, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Fumino Fujiyama
- Laboratory of Histology and Cytology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8638, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Hioki
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
- Corresponding author
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14
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Horie S, Kiyokage E, Hayashi S, Inoue K, Sohn J, Hioki H, Furuta T, Toida K. Structural basis for noradrenergic regulation of neural circuits in the mouse olfactory bulb. J Comp Neurol 2021; 529:2189-2208. [PMID: 33616936 DOI: 10.1002/cne.25085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Olfactory input is processed in the glomerulus of the main olfactory bulb (OB) and relayed to higher centers in the brain by projection neurons. Conversely, centrifugal inputs from other brain regions project to the OB. We have previously analyzed centrifugal inputs into the OB from several brain regions using single-neuron labeling. In this study, we analyzed the centrifugal noradrenergic (NA) fibers derived from the locus coeruleus (LC), because their projection pathways and synaptic connections in the OB have not been clarified in detail. We analyzed the NA centrifugal projections by single-neuron labeling and immunoelectron microscopy. Individual NA neurons labeled by viral infection were three-dimensionally traced using Neurolucida software to visualize the projection pathway from the LC to the OB. Also, centrifugal NA fibers were visualized using an antibody for noradrenaline transporter (NET). NET immunoreactive (-ir) fibers contained many varicosities and synaptic vesicles. Furthermore, electron tomography demonstrated that NET-ir fibers formed asymmetrical synapses of varied morphology. Although these synapses were present at varicosities, the density of synapses was relatively low throughout the OB. The maximal density of synapses was found in the external plexiform layer; about 17% of all observed varicosities contained synapses. These results strongly suggest that NA-containing fibers in the OB release NA from both varicosities and synapses to influence the activities of OB neurons. The present study provides a morphological basis for olfactory modulation by centrifugal NA fibers derived from the LC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sawa Horie
- Department of Anatomy, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Okayama, Japan
| | - Emi Kiyokage
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Health Science and Technology, Kawasaki University of Medical Welfare, Kurashiki, Okayama, Japan
| | - Shuichi Hayashi
- Department of Anatomy, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Okayama, Japan
| | - Kanako Inoue
- Research Center for Ultra-High Voltage Electron Microscopy, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Jaerin Sohn
- Division of Cerebral Circuitry, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Hioki
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahiro Furuta
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Neurobiology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazunori Toida
- Department of Anatomy, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Okayama, Japan.,Research Center for Ultra-High Voltage Electron Microscopy, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
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15
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Okamoto K, Ebina T, Fujii N, Konishi K, Sato Y, Kashima T, Nakano R, Hioki H, Takeuchi H, Yumoto J, Matsuzaki M, Ikegaya Y. Tb 3+-doped fluorescent glass for biology. Sci Adv 2021; 7:7/2/eabd2529. [PMID: 33523970 PMCID: PMC7787498 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abd2529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Optical investigation and manipulation constitute the core of biological experiments. Here, we introduce a new borosilicate glass material that contains the rare-earth ion terbium(III) (Tb3+), which emits green fluorescence upon blue light excitation, similar to green fluorescent protein (GFP), and thus is widely compatible with conventional biological research environments. Micropipettes made of Tb3+-doped glass allowed us to target GFP-labeled cells for single-cell electroporation, single-cell transcriptome analysis (Patch-seq), and patch-clamp recording under real-time fluorescence microscopic control. The glass also exhibited potent third harmonic generation upon infrared laser excitation and was usable for online optical targeting of fluorescently labeled neurons in the in vivo neocortex. Thus, Tb3+-doped glass simplifies many procedures in biological experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Okamoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Teppei Ebina
- Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Kuniaki Konishi
- Institute for Photon Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yu Sato
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuhiko Kashima
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Risako Nakano
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Hioki
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Haruki Takeuchi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junji Yumoto
- Institute for Photon Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Physics, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masanori Matsuzaki
- Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuji Ikegaya
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
- Institute for AI and Beyond, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Center for Information and Neural Networks, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, Suita City, Osaka, Japan
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16
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Watanabe Y, Nara Y, Hioki H, Kawashima H, Kataoka A, Nakashima M, Nishihata Y, Hayashida K, Yamamoto M, Tanaka J, Mizutani K, Jujo K, Nakazawa G, Izumo M, Kozuma K. Short-term effects of low-dose tolvaptan in acute decompensated heart failure patients with severe aortic stenosis: the LOHAS registry. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.1226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Tolvaptan exerts potent diuretic effects in heart failure patients without hemodynamic instability. Nonetheless, its clinical efficacy for acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) due to severe aortic stenosis (AS) remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the short-term effects of tolvaptan in ADHF patients with severe AS.
Methods
The LOw-Dose Tolvaptan (7.5 mg) in Decompensated Heart Failure Patients with Severe Aortic Stenosis (LOHAS) registry is a multicenter (7 centers) prospective registry that assessed the short-term effects of tolvaptan in subjects hospitalized for ADHF with severe AS. A total of 59 subjects were enrolled between September 2014 and December 2017. The primary endpoints were changes in body weight and fluid balance measured daily from baseline up to 4 days.
Results
The median [interquartile range] patient age and aortic valve area were 85.0 [81.0–89.0] years and 0.58 [0.42–0.74] cm2, respectively. Body weight continuously decreased, and fluid balance was maintained from baseline to day 4 (p<0.001, p=0.194, respectively). Median serum B-type natriuretic peptide concentration significantly decreased from 910.5 to 740.0 pg/mL by day 4 (p=0.002). However, systolic blood pressure and heart rate were non-significantly changed (p=0.250, p=0.656, respectively). Hypernatremia (>150 mEq/L) and worsening renal function occurred in 2 (3.4%) and 4 (6.8%) patients, respectively.
Conclusions
Short-term treatment with low-dose tolvaptan is safe and effective, providing stable hemodynamic parameters in patients with ADHF and severe AS.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: Private company. Main funding source(s): This research was supported by Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Watanabe
- Teikyo University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y Nara
- Teikyo University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Hioki
- Teikyo University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - A Kataoka
- Teikyo University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Y Nishihata
- St. Luke's International Hospital, Cardiology, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - M Yamamoto
- Nagoya Heart Center, Cardiology, Nagoya, Japan
| | - J Tanaka
- Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital, Cardiology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Mizutani
- Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Cardiology, Osaka, Japan
| | - K Jujo
- Nishiarai Heart Center, Cardiology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - G Nakazawa
- Tokai University School of Medicine, Cardiology, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - M Izumo
- St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Cardiology, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - K Kozuma
- Teikyo University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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17
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Chen S, He L, Huang AJY, Boehringer R, Robert V, Wintzer ME, Polygalov D, Weitemier AZ, Tao Y, Gu M, Middleton SJ, Namiki K, Hama H, Therreau L, Chevaleyre V, Hioki H, Miyawaki A, Piskorowski RA, McHugh TJ. A hypothalamic novelty signal modulates hippocampal memory. Nature 2020; 586:270-274. [PMID: 32999460 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2771-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The ability to recognize information that is incongruous with previous experience is critical for survival. Novelty signals have therefore evolved in the mammalian brain to enhance attention, perception and memory1,2. Although the importance of regions such as the ventral tegmental area3,4 and locus coeruleus5 in broadly signalling novelty is well-established, these diffuse monoaminergic transmitters have yet to be shown to convey specific information on the type of stimuli that drive them. Whether distinct types of novelty, such as contextual and social novelty, are differently processed and routed in the brain is unknown. Here we identify the supramammillary nucleus (SuM) as a novelty hub in the hypothalamus6. The SuM region is unique in that it not only responds broadly to novel stimuli, but also segregates and selectively routes different types of information to discrete cortical targets-the dentate gyrus and CA2 fields of the hippocampus-for the modulation of mnemonic processing. Using a new transgenic mouse line, SuM-Cre, we found that SuM neurons that project to the dentate gyrus are activated by contextual novelty, whereas the SuM-CA2 circuit is preferentially activated by novel social encounters. Circuit-based manipulation showed that divergent novelty channelling in these projections modifies hippocampal contextual or social memory. This content-specific routing of novelty signals represents a previously unknown mechanism that enables the hypothalamus to flexibly modulate select components of cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Chen
- Laboratory for Circuit and Behavioral Physiology, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wakoshi, Japan.
| | - Linmeng He
- Laboratory for Circuit and Behavioral Physiology, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wakoshi, Japan.,Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Arthur J Y Huang
- Laboratory for Circuit and Behavioral Physiology, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wakoshi, Japan
| | - Roman Boehringer
- Laboratory for Circuit and Behavioral Physiology, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wakoshi, Japan
| | - Vincent Robert
- Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris, Université de Paris, INSERM UMRS1266, Paris, France
| | - Marie E Wintzer
- Laboratory for Circuit and Behavioral Physiology, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wakoshi, Japan
| | - Denis Polygalov
- Laboratory for Circuit and Behavioral Physiology, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wakoshi, Japan
| | - Adam Z Weitemier
- Laboratory for Circuit and Behavioral Physiology, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wakoshi, Japan
| | - Yanqiu Tao
- Laboratory for Circuit and Behavioral Physiology, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wakoshi, Japan
| | - Mingxiao Gu
- Laboratory for Circuit and Behavioral Physiology, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wakoshi, Japan
| | - Steven J Middleton
- Laboratory for Circuit and Behavioral Physiology, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wakoshi, Japan
| | - Kana Namiki
- Laboratory for Cell Function and Dynamics, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wakoshi, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Hama
- Laboratory for Cell Function and Dynamics, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wakoshi, Japan
| | - Ludivine Therreau
- Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris, Université de Paris, INSERM UMRS1266, Paris, France
| | - Vivien Chevaleyre
- Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris, Université de Paris, INSERM UMRS1266, Paris, France.,GHU PARIS Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Paris, France
| | - Hiroyuki Hioki
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Miyawaki
- Laboratory for Cell Function and Dynamics, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wakoshi, Japan.,Biotechnological Optics Research Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics, Wakoshi, Japan
| | - Rebecca A Piskorowski
- Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris, Université de Paris, INSERM UMRS1266, Paris, France.,GHU PARIS Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Paris, France
| | - Thomas J McHugh
- Laboratory for Circuit and Behavioral Physiology, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wakoshi, Japan. .,Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
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18
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Okamoto S, Sohn J, Tanaka T, Takahashi M, Ishida Y, Yamauchi K, Koike M, Fujiyama F, Hioki H. Overlapping Projections of Neighboring Direct and Indirect Pathway Neostriatal Neurons to Globus Pallidus External Segment. iScience 2020; 23:101409. [PMID: 32877648 PMCID: PMC7520896 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Indirect pathway medium-sized spiny neurons (iMSNs) in the neostriatum are well known to project to the external segment of the globus pallidus (GPe). Although direct MSNs (dMSNs) also send axon collaterals to the GPe, it remains unclear how dMSNs and iMSNs converge within the GPe. Here, we selectively labeled neighboring dMSNs and iMSNs with green and red fluorescent proteins using an adeno-associated virus vector and examined axonal projections of dMSNs and iMSNs to the GPe in mice. Both dMSNs and iMSNs formed two axonal arborizations displaying topographical projections in the dorsoventral and mediolateral planes. iMSNs displayed a wider and denser axon distribution, which included that of dMSNs. Density peaks of dMSN and iMSN axons almost overlapped, revealing convergence of dMSN axons in the center of iMSN projection fields. These overlapping projections suggest that dMSNs and iMSNs may work cooperatively via interactions within the GPe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinichiro Okamoto
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
- Advanced Research Institute for Health Sciences, Juntendo University, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
- Department of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Jaerin Sohn
- Division of Cerebral Circuitry, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, 5-1 Higashiyama Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787, Japan
| | - Takuma Tanaka
- Graduate School of Data Science, Shiga University, 1-1-1 Banba, Hikone, Shiga 522-8522, Japan
| | - Megumu Takahashi
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
- Department of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Yoko Ishida
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Kenta Yamauchi
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
- Advanced Research Institute for Health Sciences, Juntendo University, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Masato Koike
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
- Advanced Research Institute for Health Sciences, Juntendo University, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Fumino Fujiyama
- Laboratory of Neural Circuitry, Graduate School of Brain Science, Doshisha University, 1-3 Tatara Miyakodani, Kyotanabe, Kyoto 610-0394, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Hioki
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
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19
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Katayama H, Hama H, Nagasawa K, Kurokawa H, Sugiyama M, Ando R, Funata M, Yoshida N, Homma M, Nishimura T, Takahashi M, Ishida Y, Hioki H, Tsujihata Y, Miyawaki A. Visualizing and Modulating Mitophagy for Therapeutic Studies of Neurodegeneration. Cell 2020; 181:1176-1187.e16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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20
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Okunomiya T, Hioki H, Nishimura C, Yawata S, Imayoshi I, Kageyama R, Takahashi R, Watanabe D. Cover Image, Volume 58, Issue 1. Genesis 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/dvg.23353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Taro Okunomiya
- Department of Biological SciencesGraduate School of Medicine Kyoto University Kyoto Japan
- Department of NeurologyGraduate School of Medicine Kyoto University Kyoto Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Hioki
- Department of Cell Biology and NeuroscienceJuntendo University Graduate School of Medicine Tokyo Japan
| | - Chika Nishimura
- Department of Biological SciencesGraduate School of Medicine Kyoto University Kyoto Japan
| | - Satoshi Yawata
- Department of Biological SciencesGraduate School of Medicine Kyoto University Kyoto Japan
| | - Itaru Imayoshi
- Laboratory of Brain Development and Regeneration, Research Center for Dynamic Living Systems, Graduate School of BiostudiesKyoto University Kyoto Japan
| | - Ryoichiro Kageyama
- Laboratory of Growth Regulation System, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical SciencesKyoto University Kyoto Japan
| | - Ryosuke Takahashi
- Department of NeurologyGraduate School of Medicine Kyoto University Kyoto Japan
| | - Dai Watanabe
- Department of Biological SciencesGraduate School of Medicine Kyoto University Kyoto Japan
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21
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Okunomiya T, Hioki H, Nishimura C, Yawata S, Imayoshi I, Kageyama R, Takahashi R, Watanabe D. Generation of a MOR-CreER knock-in mouse line to study cells and neural circuits involved in mu opioid receptor signaling. Genesis 2019; 58:e23341. [PMID: 31651080 DOI: 10.1002/dvg.23341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Mu opioid receptor (MOR) is involved in various brain functions, such as pain modulation, reward processing, and addictive behaviors, and mediates the main pharmacologic effects of morphine and other opioid compounds. To gain genetic access to MOR-expressing cells, and to study physiological and pathological roles of MOR signaling, we generated a MOR-CreER knock-in mouse line, in which the stop codon of the Oprm1 gene was replaced by a DNA fragment encoding a T2A peptide and tamoxifen (Tm)-inducible Cre recombinase. We show that the MOR-CreER allele undergoes Tm-dependent recombination in a discrete subtype of neurons that express MOR in the adult nervous system, including the olfactory bulb, cerebral cortex, striosome compartments in the striatum, hippocampus, amygdala, thalamus, hypothalamus, interpeduncular nucleus, superior and inferior colliculi, periaqueductal gray, parabrachial nuclei, cochlear nucleus, raphe nuclei, pontine and medullary reticular formation, ambiguus nucleus, solitary nucleus, spinal cord, and dorsal root ganglia. The MOR-CreER mouse line combined with a Cre-dependent adeno-associated virus vector enables robust gene manipulation in the MOR-enriched striosomes. Furthermore, Tm treatment during prenatal development effectively induces Cre-mediated recombination. Thus, the MOR-CreER mouse is a powerful tool to study MOR-expressing cells with conditional gene manipulation in developing and mature neural tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taro Okunomiya
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Hioki
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chika Nishimura
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yawata
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Itaru Imayoshi
- Laboratory of Brain Development and Regeneration, Research Center for Dynamic Living Systems, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ryoichiro Kageyama
- Laboratory of Growth Regulation System, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Takahashi
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Dai Watanabe
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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22
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Mitsui M, Kataoka A, Nara Y, Nagura F, Kawashima H, Hioki H, Nakashima M, Watanabe Y, Yokoyama N, Kozuma K. P2621Clinical safety and efficacy of tolvaptan for acute phase therapy in patients with low-flow severe aortic stenosis. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz748.0944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Conventional diuretic therapy for low-flow (LF) severe aortic stenosis (SAS) often has an inadequate effect or causes hemodynamic instability. Tolvaptan is used for acute heart failure in addition to conventional diuretics in Japan, and it does not cause intravascular dehydration.
Purpose
This study aimed to retrospectively investigate the safety and efficacy of tolvaptan in the acute phase patients with SAS and compared LF-SAS with normal-flow (NF) SAS.
Methods
56 consecutive SAS patients are analyzed. The primary endpoints were adverse clinical events (death, worsening heart failure, worsening renal failure, fatal arrhythmia, cardiogenic or hypovolemic shock, and use of inotropic agents) and the volume of urine and fluid balance within 48 hours of tolvaptan administration (Figure).
Results
Among 56 patients, 16 had LF-SAS (29%), and 40 had NF-SAS (71%). Severe adverse clinical events were not observed 48 hours after tolvaptan administration. In both groups, the urine volume significantly increased after tolvaptan administration in comparison to 24 hours before tolvaptan administration (both, p<0.01). There were no changes in the urine volume during the initial 24 and 48 hours. In the LF-SAS group, tolvaptan resulted in a significant decrease in fluid balance during the initial 24 and 48 hours compared to 24 hours before tolvaptan administration (p<0.05).
Treatment and data collection protocols
Conclusion
Adding tolvaptan to conventional treatment leads to an increase in urine output and a decreased fluid balance without hemodynamic instability in patients with LF-SAS.
Acknowledgement/Funding
None
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Y Nara
- Teikyo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | - H Hioki
- Teikyo University, Tokyo, Japan
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23
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Ohara S, Onodera M, Simonsen ØW, Yoshino R, Hioki H, Iijima T, Tsutsui KI, Witter MP. Intrinsic Projections of Layer Vb Neurons to Layers Va, III, and II in the Lateral and Medial Entorhinal Cortex of the Rat. Cell Rep 2018; 24:107-116. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
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24
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Iwano S, Sugiyama M, Hama H, Watakabe A, Hasegawa N, Kuchimaru T, Tanaka KZ, Takahashi M, Ishida Y, Hata J, Shimozono S, Namiki K, Fukano T, Kiyama M, Okano H, Kizaka-Kondoh S, McHugh TJ, Yamamori T, Hioki H, Maki S, Miyawaki A. Single-cell bioluminescence imaging of deep tissue in freely moving animals. Science 2018; 359:935-939. [DOI: 10.1126/science.aaq1067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 216] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 12/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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25
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Norimoto H, Makino K, Gao M, Shikano Y, Okamoto K, Ishikawa T, Sasaki T, Hioki H, Fujisawa S, Ikegaya Y. Hippocampal ripples down-regulate synapses. Science 2018; 359:1524-1527. [PMID: 29439023 DOI: 10.1126/science.aao0702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The specific effects of sleep on synaptic plasticity remain unclear. We report that mouse hippocampal sharp-wave ripple oscillations serve as intrinsic events that trigger long-lasting synaptic depression. Silencing of sharp-wave ripples during slow-wave states prevented the spontaneous down-regulation of net synaptic weights and impaired the learning of new memories. The synaptic down-regulation was dependent on the N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor and selective for a specific input pathway. Thus, our findings are consistent with the role of slow-wave states in refining memory engrams by reducing recent memory-irrelevant neuronal activity and suggest a previously unrecognized function for sharp-wave ripples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Norimoto
- Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Laboratory for Systems Neurophysiology, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako City, Saitama, Japan
| | - Kenichi Makino
- Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mengxuan Gao
- Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yu Shikano
- Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuki Okamoto
- Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoe Ishikawa
- Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takuya Sasaki
- Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Hioki
- Department of Morphological Brain Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigeyoshi Fujisawa
- Laboratory for Systems Neurophysiology, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako City, Saitama, Japan.
| | - Yuji Ikegaya
- Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. .,Center for Information and Neural Networks, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, Osaka, Japan
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26
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Nakano Y, Karube F, Hirai Y, Kobayashi K, Hioki H, Okamoto S, Kameda H, Fujiyama F. Parvalbumin-producing striatal interneurons receive excitatory inputs onto proximal dendrites from the motor thalamus in male mice. J Neurosci Res 2018; 96:1186-1207. [PMID: 29314192 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Revised: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
In rodents, the dorsolateral striatum regulates voluntary movement by integrating excitatory inputs from the motor-related cerebral cortex and thalamus to produce contingent inhibitory output to other basal ganglia nuclei. Striatal parvalbumin (PV)-producing interneurons receiving this excitatory input then inhibit medium spiny neurons (MSNs) and modify their outputs. To understand basal ganglia function in motor control, it is important to reveal the precise synaptic organization of motor-related cortical and thalamic inputs to striatal PV interneurons. To examine which domains of the PV neurons receive these excitatory inputs, we used male bacterial artificial chromosome transgenic mice expressing somatodendritic membrane-targeted green fluorescent protein in PV neurons. An anterograde tracing study with the adeno-associated virus vector combined with immunodetection of pre- and postsynaptic markers visualized the distribution of the excitatory appositions on PV dendrites. Statistical analysis revealed that the density of thalamostriatal appositions along the dendrites was significantly higher on the proximal than distal dendrites. In contrast, there was no positional preference in the density of appositions from axons of the dorsofrontal cortex. Population observations of thalamostriatal and corticostriatal appositions by immunohistochemistry for pathway-specific vesicular glutamate transporters confirmed that thalamic inputs preferentially, and cortical ones less preferentially, made apposition on proximal dendrites of PV neurons. This axodendritic organization suggests that PV neurons produce fast and reliable inhibition of MSNs in response to thalamic inputs and process excitatory inputs from motor cortices locally and plastically, possibly together with other GABAergic and dopaminergic dendritic inputs, to modulate MSN inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasutake Nakano
- Laboratory of Neural Circuitry, Graduate School of Brain Science, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe, Japan
| | - Fuyuki Karube
- Laboratory of Neural Circuitry, Graduate School of Brain Science, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe, Japan
| | - Yasuharu Hirai
- Laboratory of Neural Circuitry, Graduate School of Brain Science, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe, Japan
| | - Kenta Kobayashi
- Section of Viral Vector Development, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Hioki
- Department of Morphological Brain Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Okamoto
- Department of Morphological Brain Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kameda
- Department of Physiology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fumino Fujiyama
- Laboratory of Neural Circuitry, Graduate School of Brain Science, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe, Japan
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27
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Kuramoto E, Iwai H, Yamanaka A, Ohno S, Seki H, Tanaka YR, Furuta T, Hioki H, Goto T. Dorsal and ventral parts of thalamic nucleus submedius project to different areas of rat orbitofrontal cortex: A single neuron-tracing study using virus vectors. J Comp Neurol 2017; 525:3821-3839. [DOI: 10.1002/cne.24306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Revised: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Eriko Kuramoto
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Cell Biology; Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University; Kagoshima Japan
| | - Haruki Iwai
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Cell Biology; Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University; Kagoshima Japan
| | - Atsushi Yamanaka
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Cell Biology; Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University; Kagoshima Japan
| | - Sachi Ohno
- Department of Dental Anesthesiology; Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University; Kagoshima Japan
| | - Haruka Seki
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Cell Biology; Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University; Kagoshima Japan
| | - Yasuhiro R. Tanaka
- Department of Physiology; Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo; Tokyo Japan
| | - Takahiro Furuta
- Department of Morphological Brain Science; Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University; Kyoto Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Hioki
- Department of Morphological Brain Science; Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University; Kyoto Japan
| | - Tetsuya Goto
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Cell Biology; Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University; Kagoshima Japan
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28
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Kuramoto E, Iwai H, Yamanaka A, Ohno S, Seki H, Tanaka YR, Furuta T, Hioki H, Goto T. Dorsal and Ventral Parts of Thalamic Nucleus Submedius Project to Different Areas of Rat Orbitofrontal Cortex: A Single Neuron-Tracing Study Using Virus Vectors. J Comp Neurol 2017. [PMID: 28833113 DOI: 10.1002/cne.12646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Revised: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The rodent orbitofrontal cortex is involved in a variety of cognitive and behavioral functions that require thalamic input to be successfully expressed. Although the thalamic nucleus submedius (Sm) is a major source of afferents to the orbitofrontal cortex, thalamocortical projection from the Sm has not been fully elucidated. In the present study, we first divided the rat Sm into dorsal and ventral parts according to the distribution of vesicular glutamate transporter 2-immunoreactive varicosities, which were somatosensory afferents from the brain stem. Subsequently we investigated dendritic and axonal arborizations of individual dorsal and ventral Sm neurons by visualizing the processes with Sindbis virus vectors expressing membrane-targeted fluorescent proteins. The number of dendritic processes of ventral Sm neurons was greater than that of dorsal Sm neurons. In the cerebral cortex, all the reconstructed Sm neurons sent axons primarily to layers 2-5. Interestingly, dorsal Sm neurons formed a single axon arbor exclusively within the ventrolateral orbital area, whereas ventral Sm neurons made two axon arbors in the lateral orbital and ventral orbital areas simultaneously. The spread of each axon arbor was 500-1000 µm in diameter in the direction tangential to the cortical surface. These results indicate that the dorsal and ventral Sm comprise two distinct thalamocortical pathways. The dorsal Sm pathway relay somatosensory information to the ventrolateral orbital area and may be involved in emotional and aversive aspects of nociceptive information processing, whereas the ventral Sm pathway seems to co-activate distant orbitofrontal cortical areas, and may link their functions under certain circumstances. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eriko Kuramoto
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
| | - Haruki Iwai
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
| | - Atsushi Yamanaka
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
| | - Sachi Ohno
- Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
| | - Haruka Seki
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro R Tanaka
- Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Takahiro Furuta
- Department of Morphological Brain Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Hioki
- Department of Morphological Brain Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Goto
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
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29
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Kyono H, Nakashima M, Takamura S, Nakaya H, Nishide S, Nara Y, Sasaki K, Katayama T, Nagura F, Kawashima H, Hioki H, Watanabe Y, Konno K, Yokoyama N, Kozuma K. P4289The impact of transient slow flow/no-reflow during rotational atherectomy on clinical outcomes. Eur Heart J 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx504.p4289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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30
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Kuramoto E, Pan S, Furuta T, Tanaka YR, Iwai H, Yamanaka A, Ohno S, Kaneko T, Goto T, Hioki H. Individual mediodorsal thalamic neurons project to multiple areas of the rat prefrontal cortex: A single neuron-tracing study using virus vectors. J Comp Neurol 2017; 525:166-185. [PMID: 27275581 DOI: 10.1002/cne.24054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Revised: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The prefrontal cortex has an important role in a variety of cognitive and executive processes, and is generally defined by its reciprocal connections with the mediodorsal thalamic nucleus (MD). The rat MD is mainly subdivided into three segments, the medial (MDm), central (MDc), and lateral (MDl) divisions, on the basis of the cytoarchitecture and chemoarchitecture. The MD segments are known to topographically project to multiple prefrontal areas at the population level: the MDm mainly to the prelimbic, infralimbic, and agranular insular areas; the MDc to the orbital and agranular insular areas; and the MDl to the prelimbic and anterior cingulate areas. However, it is unknown whether individual MD neurons project to single or multiple prefrontal cortical areas. In the present study, we visualized individual MD neurons with Sindbis virus vectors, and reconstructed whole structures of MD neurons. While the main cortical projection targets of MDm, MDc, and MDl neurons were generally consistent with those of previous results, it was found that individual MD neurons sent their axon fibers to multiple prefrontal areas, and displayed various projection patterns in the target areas. Furthermore, the axons of single MD neurons were not homogeneously spread, but were rather distributed to form patchy axon arbors approximately 1 mm in diameter. The multiple-area projections and patchy axon arbors of single MD neurons might be able to coactivate cortical neuron groups in distant prefrontal areas simultaneously. Furthermore, considerable heterogeneity of the projection patterns is likely, to recruit the different sets of cortical neurons, and thus contributes to a variety of prefrontal functions. J. Comp. Neurol. 525:166-185, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eriko Kuramoto
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, 890-8544, Japan
| | - Shixiu Pan
- Department of Morphological Brain Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Takahiro Furuta
- Department of Morphological Brain Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro R Tanaka
- Division of Brain Circuits, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8585, Japan
| | - Haruki Iwai
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, 890-8544, Japan
| | - Atsushi Yamanaka
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, 890-8544, Japan
| | - Sachi Ohno
- Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, 890-8544, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kaneko
- Department of Morphological Brain Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Goto
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, 890-8544, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Hioki
- Department of Morphological Brain Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
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Hioki H, Hama H, Sohn J, Won Hwang J, Namiki K, Hoshida T, Kurokawa H, Miyawaki A. [Application of tissue-clearing methods for dissecting brain structure]. Nihon Yakurigaku Zasshi 2017; 149:173-179. [PMID: 28381661 DOI: 10.1254/fpj.149.173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
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Sohn J, Okamoto S, Kataoka N, Kaneko T, Nakamura K, Hioki H. Differential Inputs to the Perisomatic and Distal-Dendritic Compartments of VIP-Positive Neurons in Layer 2/3 of the Mouse Barrel Cortex. Front Neuroanat 2016; 10:124. [PMID: 28066195 PMCID: PMC5167764 DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2016.00124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The recurrent network composed of excitatory and inhibitory neurons is fundamental to neocortical function. Inhibitory neurons in the mammalian neocortex are molecularly diverse, and individual cell types play unique functional roles in the neocortical microcircuit. Recently, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-positive (VIP+) neurons, comprising a subclass of inhibitory neurons, have attracted particular attention because they can disinhibit pyramidal cells through inhibition of other types of inhibitory neurons, such as parvalbumin- (PV+) and somatostatin-positive (SOM+) inhibitory neurons, promoting sensory information processing. Although VIP+ neurons have been reported to receive synaptic inputs from PV+ and SOM+ inhibitory neurons as well as from cortical and thalamic excitatory neurons, the somatodendritic localization of these synaptic inputs has yet to be elucidated at subcellular spatial resolution. In the present study, we visualized the somatodendritic membranes of layer (L) 2/3 VIP+ neurons by injecting a newly developed adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector into the barrel cortex of VIP-Cre knock-in mice, and we determined the extensive ramification of VIP+ neuron dendrites in the vertical orientation. After immunohistochemical labeling of presynaptic boutons and postsynaptic structures, confocal laser scanning microscopy revealed that the synaptic contacts were unevenly distributed throughout the perisomatic (<100 μm from the somata) and distal-dendritic compartments (≥100 μm) of VIP+ neurons. Both corticocortical and thalamocortical excitatory neurons preferentially targeted the distal-dendritic compartment of VIP+ neurons. On the other hand, SOM+ and PV+ inhibitory neurons preferentially targeted the distal-dendritic and perisomatic compartments of VIP+ neurons, respectively. Notably, VIP+ neurons had few reciprocal connections. These observations suggest different inhibitory effects of SOM+ and PV+ neuronal inputs on VIP+ neuron activity; inhibitory inputs from SOM+ neurons likely modulate excitatory inputs locally in dendrites, while PV+ neurons could efficiently interfere with action potential generation through innervation of the perisomatic domain of VIP+ neurons. The present study, which shows a precise configuration of site-specific inputs, provides a structural basis for the integration mechanism of synaptic inputs to VIP+ neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaerin Sohn
- Department of Morphological Brain Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto UniversityKyoto, Japan; Division of Cerebral Circuitry, National Institute for Physiological SciencesOkazaki, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Okamoto
- Department of Morphological Brain Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University Kyoto, Japan
| | - Naoya Kataoka
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kaneko
- Department of Morphological Brain Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Nakamura
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of MedicineNagoya, Japan; Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST)Kawaguchi, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Hioki
- Department of Morphological Brain Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University Kyoto, Japan
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Hamamoto M, Kiyokage E, Sohn J, Hioki H, Harada T, Toida K. Structural basis for cholinergic regulation of neural circuits in the mouse olfactory bulb. J Comp Neurol 2016; 525:574-591. [PMID: 27491021 DOI: 10.1002/cne.24088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Revised: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Odor information is regulated by olfactory inputs, bulbar interneurons, and centrifugal inputs in the olfactory bulb (OB). Cholinergic neurons projecting from the nucleus of the horizontal limb of the diagonal band of Broca and the magnocellular preoptic nucleus are one of the primary centrifugal inputs to the OB. In this study, we focused on cholinergic regulation of the OB and analyzed neural morphology with a particular emphasis on the projection pathways of cholinergic neurons. Single-cell imaging of a specific neuron within dense fibers is critical to evaluate the structure and function of the neural circuits. We labeled cholinergic neurons by infection with virus vector and then reconstructed them three-dimensionally. We also examined the ultramicrostructure of synapses by electron microscopy tomography. To further clarify the function of cholinergic neurons, we performed confocal laser scanning microscopy to investigate whether other neurotransmitters are present within cholinergic axons in the OB. Our results showed the first visualization of complete cholinergic neurons, including axons projecting to the OB, and also revealed frequent axonal branching within the OB where it innervated multiple glomeruli in different areas. Furthermore, electron tomography demonstrated that cholinergic axons formed asymmetrical synapses with a morphological variety of thicknesses of the postsynaptic density. Although we have not yet detected the presence of other neurotransmitters, the range of synaptic morphology suggests multiple modes of transmission. The present study elucidates the ways that cholinergic neurons could contribute to the elaborate mechanisms involved in olfactory processing in the OB. J. Comp. Neurol. 525:574-591, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masakazu Hamamoto
- Department of Anatomy, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, 701-0192, Japan.,Department of Otolaryngology, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, 701-0192, Japan
| | - Emi Kiyokage
- Department of Anatomy, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, 701-0192, Japan
| | - Jaerin Sohn
- Department of Morphological Brain Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan.,Division of Cerebral Circuitry, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Aichi, 444-8787, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Hioki
- Department of Morphological Brain Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Tamotsu Harada
- Department of Otolaryngology, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, 701-0192, Japan
| | - Kazunori Toida
- Department of Anatomy, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, 701-0192, Japan.,Research Center for Ultra-High Voltage Electron Microscopy, Osaka University, Osaka, 567-0047, Japan
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Miyawaki A, Hama H, Hioki H, Namiki K, Hoshida T, Kurokawa H, Miyawaki A. Deep Imaging of Cleared Brain by Confocal Laser-Scanning Microscopy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1038/protex.2016.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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35
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Peirs C, Williams SPG, Zhao X, Walsh CE, Gedeon JY, Cagle NE, Goldring AC, Hioki H, Liu Z, Marell PS, Seal RP. Dorsal Horn Circuits for Persistent Mechanical Pain. Neuron 2015; 87:797-812. [PMID: 26291162 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2015.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 216] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Revised: 06/24/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Persistent mechanical hypersensitivity that occurs in the setting of injury or disease remains a major clinical problem largely because the underlying neural circuitry is still not known. Here we report the functional identification of key components of the elusive dorsal horn circuit for mechanical allodynia. We show that the transient expression of VGLUT3 by a discrete population of neurons in the deep dorsal horn is required for mechanical pain and that activation of the cells in the adult conveys mechanical hypersensitivity. The cells, which receive direct low threshold input, point to a novel location for circuit initiation. Subsequent analysis of c-Fos reveals the circuit extends dorsally to nociceptive lamina I projection neurons, and includes lamina II calretinin neurons, which we show also convey mechanical allodynia. Lastly, using inflammatory and neuropathic pain models, we show that multiple microcircuits in the dorsal horn encode this form of pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cedric Peirs
- Departments of Neurobiology and Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3501 Fifth Avenue, BST3, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Pittsburgh Center for Pain Research, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Sean-Paul G Williams
- Departments of Neurobiology and Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3501 Fifth Avenue, BST3, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Pittsburgh Center for Pain Research, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Xinyi Zhao
- Departments of Neurobiology and Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3501 Fifth Avenue, BST3, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Pittsburgh Center for Pain Research, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Tsinghua M.D. Program, Tsinghua University School of Medicine, 30 Shuang Qing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Claire E Walsh
- Departments of Neurobiology and Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3501 Fifth Avenue, BST3, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Jeremy Y Gedeon
- Departments of Neurobiology and Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3501 Fifth Avenue, BST3, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Natalie E Cagle
- Departments of Neurobiology and Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3501 Fifth Avenue, BST3, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Adam C Goldring
- Departments of Neurobiology and Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3501 Fifth Avenue, BST3, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Hiroyuki Hioki
- Department of Morphological Brain Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Zheng Liu
- Departments of Neurobiology and Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3501 Fifth Avenue, BST3, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Paulina S Marell
- Departments of Neurobiology and Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3501 Fifth Avenue, BST3, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Rebecca P Seal
- Departments of Neurobiology and Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3501 Fifth Avenue, BST3, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Pittsburgh Center for Pain Research, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
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Hama H, Hioki H, Namiki K, Hoshida T, Kurokawa H, Ishidate F, Kaneko T, Akagi T, Saito T, Saido T, Miyawaki A. ScaleS: an optical clearing palette for biological imaging. Nat Neurosci 2015; 18:1518-29. [PMID: 26368944 DOI: 10.1038/nn.4107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 380] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Optical clearing methods facilitate deep biological imaging by mitigating light scattering in situ. Multi-scale high-resolution imaging requires preservation of tissue integrity for accurate signal reconstruction. However, existing clearing reagents contain chemical components that could compromise tissue structure, preventing reproducible anatomical and fluorescence signal stability. We developed ScaleS, a sorbitol-based optical clearing method that provides stable tissue preservation for immunochemical labeling and three-dimensional (3D) signal rendering. ScaleS permitted optical reconstructions of aged and diseased brain in Alzheimer's disease models, including mapping of 3D networks of amyloid plaques, neurons and microglia, and multi-scale tracking of single plaques by successive fluorescence and electron microscopy. Human clinical samples from Alzheimer's disease patients analyzed via reversible optical re-sectioning illuminated plaque pathogenesis in the z axis. Comparative benchmarking of contemporary clearing agents showed superior signal and structure preservation by ScaleS. These findings suggest that ScaleS is a simple and reproducible method for accurate visualization of biological tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Hama
- Laboratory for Cell Function Dynamics, Brain Science Institute, RIKEN, Wako-city, Saitama, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Hioki
- Department of Morphological Brain Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Konoe-Cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kana Namiki
- Laboratory for Cell Function Dynamics, Brain Science Institute, RIKEN, Wako-city, Saitama, Japan
| | - Tetsushi Hoshida
- Biotechnological Optics Research Team, Center for Advanced Photonics, RIKEN, Wako-city, Saitama, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kurokawa
- Laboratory for Cell Function Dynamics, Brain Science Institute, RIKEN, Wako-city, Saitama, Japan
| | - Fumiyoshi Ishidate
- Laboratory for Cell Function Dynamics, Brain Science Institute, RIKEN, Wako-city, Saitama, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kaneko
- Department of Morphological Brain Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Konoe-Cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takumi Akagi
- Support Unit for Animal Resources Development, Brain Science Institute, RIKEN, Wako-city, Saitama, Japan
| | - Takashi Saito
- Laboratory for Proteolytic Neuroscience, Brain Science Institute, RIKEN, Wako-city, Saitama, Japan
| | - Takaomi Saido
- Laboratory for Proteolytic Neuroscience, Brain Science Institute, RIKEN, Wako-city, Saitama, Japan
| | - Atsushi Miyawaki
- Laboratory for Cell Function Dynamics, Brain Science Institute, RIKEN, Wako-city, Saitama, Japan.,Biotechnological Optics Research Team, Center for Advanced Photonics, RIKEN, Wako-city, Saitama, Japan
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Takahashi A, Islam MS, Abe H, Okubo K, Akazome Y, Kaneko T, Hioki H, Oka Y. Morphological analysis of the early development of telencephalic and diencephalic gonadotropin-releasing hormone neuronal systems in enhanced green fluorescent protein-expressing transgenic medaka lines. J Comp Neurol 2015; 524:896-913. [DOI: 10.1002/cne.23883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2014] [Revised: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Takahashi
- Department of Biological Science; Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo; Bunkyo-ku Tokyo Japan
| | - M. Sadiqul Islam
- Department of Biological Science; Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo; Bunkyo-ku Tokyo Japan
| | - Hideki Abe
- Department of Biological Science; Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo; Bunkyo-ku Tokyo Japan
| | - Kataaki Okubo
- Department of Aquatic Bioscience; Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo; Bunkyo-ku Tokyo Japan
| | - Yasuhisa Akazome
- Department of Biological Science; Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo; Bunkyo-ku Tokyo Japan
| | - Takeshi Kaneko
- Department of Morphological Brain Science; Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University; Kyoto Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Hioki
- Department of Morphological Brain Science; Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University; Kyoto Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Oka
- Department of Biological Science; Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo; Bunkyo-ku Tokyo Japan
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Ueda S, Niwa M, Hioki H, Sohn J, Kaneko T, Sawa A, Sakurai T. Sequence of Molecular Events during the Maturation of the Developing Mouse Prefrontal Cortex. Mol Neuropsychiatry 2015; 1:94-104. [PMID: 26457295 DOI: 10.1159/000430095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Recent progress in psychiatric research has accumulated many mouse models relevant to developmental neuropsychiatric disorders using numerous genetic and environmental manipulations. Since the prefrontal cortex (PFC) is essential for cognitive functions whose impairments are central symptoms associated with the disorders in humans, it has become crucial to clarify altered developmental processes of PFC circuits in these mice. To that end, we aimed to understand a sequence of molecular events during normal mouse PFC development. Expression profiles for representative genes covering diverse biological processes showed that while there were little changes in genes for neuroreceptors and synaptic molecules during postnatal period, there were dramatic increases in expression of myelin-related genes and parvalbumin gene, peaking at postnatal day (P) 21 and P35, respectively. The timing of the peaks is different from one observed in the striatum. Furthermore, evaluation of the circuitry maturation by measuring extracellular glutamate in PFC revealed that sensitivity to an NMDA antagonist became adult-like pattern at P56, suggesting that some of maturation processes continue till P56. The trajectory of molecular events in the PFC maturation described here should help us to characterize how the processes are affected in model mice, an important first step for translational research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhei Ueda
- Medical Innovation Center, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Minae Niwa
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Hiroyuki Hioki
- Department of Morphological Brain Science, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Jaerin Sohn
- Department of Morphological Brain Science, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kaneko
- Department of Morphological Brain Science, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Akira Sawa
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Takeshi Sakurai
- Medical Innovation Center, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
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Ito T, Hioki H, Sohn J, Okamoto S, Kaneko T, Iino S, Oliver DL. Convergence of Lemniscal and Local Excitatory Inputs on Large GABAergic Tectothalamic Neurons. J Comp Neurol 2015; 523:2277-96. [PMID: 25879870 DOI: 10.1002/cne.23789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2014] [Revised: 04/07/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Large GABAergic (LG) neurons form a distinct cell type in the inferior colliculus (IC), identified by the presence of dense VGLUT2-containing axosomatic terminals. Although some of the axosomatic terminals originate from local and commissural IC neurons, it has been unclear whether LG neurons also receive axosomatic inputs from the lower auditory brainstem nuclei, i.e., cochlear nuclei (CN), superior olivary complex (SOC), and nuclei of the lateral lemniscus (NLL). In this study we injected recombinant viral tracers that force infected cells to express GFP in a Golgi-like manner into the lower auditory brainstem nuclei to determine whether these nuclei directly innervate LG cell somata. Labeled axons from CN, SOC, and NLL terminated as excitatory axosomatic endings, identified by colabeling of GFP and VGLUT2, on single LG neurons in the IC. Each excitatory axon made only a few axosomatic contacts on each LG neuron. Inputs to a single LG cell are unlikely to be from a single brainstem nucleus, since lesions of individual nuclei failed to eliminate most VGLUT2-positive terminals on the LG neurons. The estimated number of inputs on a single LG cell body was almost proportional to the surface area of the cell body. Double injections of different viruses into IC and a brainstem nucleus showed that LG neurons received inputs from both. These results demonstrated that both ascending and intrinsic sources converge on the LG somata to control inhibitory tectothalamic projections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsufumi Ito
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, 910-1193, Japan.,Research and Education Program for Life Science, University of Fukui, Fukui, 910-8507, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Hioki
- Department of Morphological Brain Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Jaerin Sohn
- Department of Morphological Brain Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan.,Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS), 5-3-1 Koujimachi, Tokyo, 102-8472, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Okamoto
- Department of Morphological Brain Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kaneko
- Department of Morphological Brain Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Satoshi Iino
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, 910-1193, Japan.,Research and Education Program for Life Science, University of Fukui, Fukui, 910-8507, Japan
| | - Douglas L Oliver
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut, 06030-3401, USA
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Nakamura H, Hioki H, Furuta T, Kaneko T. Different cortical projections from three subdivisions of the rat lateral posterior thalamic nucleus: a single-neuron tracing study with viral vectors. Eur J Neurosci 2015; 41:1294-310. [DOI: 10.1111/ejn.12882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Revised: 02/19/2015] [Accepted: 02/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hisashi Nakamura
- Department of Morphological Brain Science; Graduate School of Medicine; Kyoto University; Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Hioki
- Department of Morphological Brain Science; Graduate School of Medicine; Kyoto University; Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
| | - Takahiro Furuta
- Department of Morphological Brain Science; Graduate School of Medicine; Kyoto University; Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
| | - Takeshi Kaneko
- Department of Morphological Brain Science; Graduate School of Medicine; Kyoto University; Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
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41
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Hioki H. Compartmental organization of synaptic inputs to parvalbumin-expressing GABAergic neurons in mouse primary somatosensory cortex. Anat Sci Int 2014; 90:7-21. [PMID: 25467527 DOI: 10.1007/s12565-014-0264-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2014] [Accepted: 11/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Parvalbumin (PV)-positive fast-spiking cells in the neocortex are known to generate gamma oscillations by mutual chemical and electrical connections. Recent findings suggest that this rhythm might be responsible for higher-order brain functions, and related to psychiatric disorders. To elucidate the precise structural rules of the connections of PV neurons, we first produced genetic tools. Using a lentiviral expression system, we developed neuron-specific promoters and a new reporter protein that labels the somatodendritic membrane of neurons. We applied the reporter protein to the generation of transgenic mice, and succeeded in visualizing the dendrites and cell bodies of PV neurons efficiently. Then we analyzed excitatory and inhibitory inputs to PV neurons in the primary somatosensory cortex using the mice. Corticocortical glutamatergic inputs were more frequently found on the distal dendrites than on the soma, whereas thalamocortical inputs did not differ between the proximal and distal portions. Corticocortical inhibitory inputs were more densely distributed on the soma than on the dendrites. We further investigated which types of neocortical GABAergic neurons preferred the PV soma over their dendrites. We revealed that the somatic and dendritic compartments principally received GABAergic inputs from vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP)-positive and PV neurons, respectively. This compartmental organization suggests that PV neurons communicate with each other mainly via the dendrites, and that their activity is effectively controlled by the somatic inputs of VIP neurons. These findings provide new insights into the neuronal circuits involving PV neurons, and contribute to a better understanding of brain functions and mental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Hioki
- Department of Morphological Brain Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan,
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Sohn J, Hioki H, Okamoto S, Kaneko T. Preprodynorphin-expressing neurons constitute a large subgroup of somatostatin-expressing GABAergic interneurons in the mouse neocortex. J Comp Neurol 2014; 522:1506-26. [PMID: 24122731 DOI: 10.1002/cne.23477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2013] [Revised: 09/20/2013] [Accepted: 09/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Dynorphins, leumorphin, and neoendorphins are preprodynorphin (PPD)-derived peptides and ligands for κ-opioid receptors. Using an antibody to PPD C-terminal, we investigated the chemical and molecular characteristics of PPD-expressing neurons in mouse neocortex. PPD-immunopositive neuronal somata were distributed most frequently in layer 5 and less frequently in layers 2-4 and 6 throughout neocortical regions. Combined labeling of immunofluorescence and fluorescent mRNA signals revealed that almost all PPD-immunopositive neurons expressed glutamic acid decarboxylase but not vesicular glutamate transporter, indicating their γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic characteristics, and that PPD-immunopositive neurons accounted for 15% of GABAergic interneurons in the primary somatosensory area. As GABAergic interneurons were divided into several groups by specific markers, we further examined the chemical characteristics of PPD-expressing neurons by the double immunofluorescence labeling method. More than 95% of PPD-immunopositive neurons were also somatostatin (SOM)-immunopositive in the primary somatosensory, primary motor, orbitofrontal, and primary visual areas, but only 24% were SOM-immunopositive in the medial prefrontal cortex. In the primary somatosensory area, PPD-immunopositive neurons constituted 50%, 79%, 55%, and 17% of SOM-immunopositive neurons in layers 2-3, 4, 5, and 6, respectively. Although SOM-expressing neurons contained calretinin-, neuropeptide Y-, nitric oxide synthase-, and reelin-expressing neurons as subgroups, only reelin immunoreactivity was detected in many PPD-immunopositive neurons. These results indicate that PPD-expressing neurons constitute a large subgroup of SOM-expressing cortical interneurons, and the PPD/SOM-expressing GABAergic neurons might serve not only as inhibitory elements in the local cortical circuit, but also as modulators for cortical neurons expressing κ-opioid and/or SOM receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaerin Sohn
- Department of Morphological Brain Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan; Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS), Tokyo, 102-8472, Japan
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Ebina T, Sohya K, Imayoshi I, Yin ST, Kimura R, Yanagawa Y, Kameda H, Hioki H, Kaneko T, Tsumoto T. 3D clustering of GABAergic neurons enhances inhibitory actions on excitatory neurons in the mouse visual cortex. Cell Rep 2014; 9:1896-1907. [PMID: 25464846 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2014.10.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Revised: 09/09/2014] [Accepted: 10/22/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Neocortical neurons with similar functional properties assemble into spatially coherent circuits, but it remains unclear how inhibitory interneurons are organized. We applied in vivo two-photon functional Ca(2+) imaging and whole-cell recording of synaptic currents to record visual responses of cortical neurons and analyzed their spatial arrangements. GABAergic interneurons were clustered in the 3D space of the mouse visual cortex, and excitatory neurons located within the clusters (insiders) had a lower amplitude and sharper orientation tuning of visual responses than outsiders. Inhibitory synaptic currents recorded from the insiders were larger than those of the outsiders. Single, isolated interneurons did not show such a location-tuning/amplitude relationship. The two principal subtypes of interneurons, parvalbumin- and somatostatin-expressing neurons, also formed clusters with only slightly overlapping each other and exhibited a different location-tuning relationship. These findings suggest that GABAergic interneurons and their subgroups form clusters to make their inhibitory function more effective than isolated interneurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teppei Ebina
- Brain Science Institute, RIKEN, Wako 351-0198, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Sohya
- Brain Science Institute, RIKEN, Wako 351-0198, Japan; PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Tokyo 102-0075, Japan
| | - Itaru Imayoshi
- PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Tokyo 102-0075, Japan; The Hakubi Center, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Shu-Ting Yin
- Brain Science Institute, RIKEN, Wako 351-0198, Japan
| | - Rui Kimura
- Brain Science Institute, RIKEN, Wako 351-0198, Japan
| | - Yuchio Yanagawa
- Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi 371-8511, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kameda
- Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Hioki
- Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kaneko
- Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
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Suzuki Y, Kiyokage E, Sohn J, Hioki H, Toida K. Structural basis for serotonergic regulation of neural circuits in the mouse olfactory bulb. J Comp Neurol 2014; 523:262-80. [PMID: 25234191 DOI: 10.1002/cne.23680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2014] [Revised: 09/17/2014] [Accepted: 09/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Olfactory processing is well known to be regulated by centrifugal afferents from other brain regions, such as noradrenergic, acetylcholinergic, and serotonergic neurons. Serotonergic neurons widely innervate and regulate the functions of various brain regions. In the present study, we focused on serotonergic regulation of the olfactory bulb (OB), one of the most structurally and functionally well-defined brain regions. Visualization of a single neuron among abundant and dense fibers is essential to characterize and understand neuronal circuits. We accomplished this visualization by successfully labeling and reconstructing serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine: 5-HT) neurons by infection with sindbis and adeno-associated virus into dorsal raphe nuclei (DRN) of mice. 5-HT synapses were analyzed by correlative confocal laser microscopy and serial-electron microscopy (EM) study. To further characterize 5-HT neuronal and network function, we analyzed whether glutamate was released from 5-HT synaptic terminals using immuno-EM. Our results are the first visualizations of complete 5-HT neurons and fibers projecting from DRN to the OB with bifurcations. We found that a single 5-HT axon can form synaptic contacts to both type 1 and 2 periglomerular cells within a single glomerulus. Through immunolabeling, we also identified vesicular glutamate transporter 3 in 5-HT neurons terminals, indicating possible glutamatergic transmission. Our present study strongly implicates the involvement of brain regions such as the DRN in regulation of the elaborate mechanisms of olfactory processing. We further provide a structure basis of the network for coordinating or linking olfactory encoding with other neural systems, with special attention to serotonergic regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinori Suzuki
- Department of Anatomy, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, 701-0192, Japan
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Hioki H. [Cell type-specific inputs to dendritic and somatic compartments of parvalbumin-expressing interneuron in mouse neocortex]. Kaibogaku Zasshi 2014; 89:41-42. [PMID: 25306837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
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46
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Kataoka N, Hioki H, Kaneko T, Nakamura K. Psychological stress activates a dorsomedial hypothalamus-medullary raphe circuit driving brown adipose tissue thermogenesis and hyperthermia. Cell Metab 2014; 20:346-58. [PMID: 24981837 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2014.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2014] [Revised: 04/14/2014] [Accepted: 05/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Psychological stress-induced hyperthermia (PSH) is a fundamental autonomic stress response observed in many mammalian species. Here we show a hypothalamomedullary, glutamatergic neural pathway for psychological stress signaling that drives the sympathetic thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue (BAT) that contributes to PSH. Using in vivo drug nanoinjections into rat brain and thermotelemetry, we demonstrate that the rostral medullary raphe region (rMR) and dorsomedial hypothalamus (DMH) mediate a psychosocial stress-induced thermogenesis in BAT and PSH. Functional neuroanatomy indicates that the DMH functions as a hub for stress signaling, with monosynaptic projections to the rMR for sympathetic outputs and to the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus for neuroendocrine outputs. Optogenetic experiments showed that the DMH-rMR monosynaptic pathway drives BAT thermogenesis and cardiovascular responses. These findings make an important contribution to our understanding of the central autonomic circuitries linking stress coping with energy homeostasis-potentially underlying the etiology of psychogenic fever, a major psychosomatic symptom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoya Kataoka
- Career-Path Promotion Unit for Young Life Scientists, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Hioki
- Department of Morphological Brain Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kaneko
- Department of Morphological Brain Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Nakamura
- Career-Path Promotion Unit for Young Life Scientists, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan; PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan.
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Kuramoto E, Ohno S, Furuta T, Unzai T, Tanaka YR, Hioki H, Kaneko T. Ventral Medial Nucleus Neurons Send Thalamocortical Afferents More Widely and More Preferentially to Layer 1 than Neurons of the Ventral Anterior–Ventral Lateral Nuclear Complex in the Rat. Cereb Cortex 2013; 25:221-35. [DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bht216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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48
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Toyoda Y, Shinohara R, Thumkeo D, Kamijo H, Nishimaru H, Hioki H, Kaneko T, Ishizaki T, Furuyashiki T, Narumiya S. EphA4-dependent axon retraction and midline localization of Ephrin-B3 are disrupted in the spinal cord of mice lacking mDia1 and mDia3 in combination. Genes Cells 2013; 18:873-85. [PMID: 23890216 DOI: 10.1111/gtc.12081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2013] [Accepted: 06/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
mDia is an actin nucleator and polymerization factor regulated by the small GTPase Rho and consists of three isoforms. Here, we found that mice lacking mDia1 and mDia3, two isoforms expressed in the brain, in combination (mDia-DKO mice) show impaired left-right limb coordination during locomotion and aberrant midline crossing of axons of corticospinal neurons and spinal cord interneurons. Given that mice lacking Ephrin-B3-EphA4 signaling show a similar impairment in locomotion, we examined whether mDia is involved in Ephrin-B3-EphA4 signaling for axon repulsion. In primary cultured neurons, mDia deficiency impairs growth cone collapse and axon retraction induced by chemo-repellants including EphA ligands. In mDia-DKO mice, the Ephrin-B3-expressing midline structure in the spinal cord is disrupted, and axons aberrantly cross the spinal cord midline preferentially through the region devoid of Ephrin-B3. Therefore, mDia plays multiple roles in the proper formation of the neural network in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Toyoda
- Department of Pharmacology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Yoshida-konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
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Egawa N, Kitaoka S, Tsukita K, Naitoh M, Takahashi K, Yamamoto T, Adachi F, Kondo T, Okita K, Asaka I, Aoi T, Watanabe A, Yamada Y, Morizane A, Takahashi J, Ayaki T, Ito H, Yoshikawa K, Yamawaki S, Suzuki S, Watanabe D, Hioki H, Kaneko T, Makioka K, Okamoto K, Takuma H, Tamaoka A, Hasegawa K, Nonaka T, Hasegawa M, Kawata A, Yoshida M, Nakahata T, Takahashi R, Marchetto MCN, Gage FH, Yamanaka S, Inoue H. Response to Comment on "Drug Screening for ALS Using Patient-Specific Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells". Sci Transl Med 2013; 5:188lr2. [DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3005697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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50
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Kataoka N, Hioki H, Kaneko T, Nakamura K. Direct projection from the dorsomedial hypothalamus to the rostral medullary raphe drives brown adipose tissue thermogenesis. FASEB J 2013. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.27.1_supplement.932.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Naoya Kataoka
- Career‐Path Promotion Unit for Young Life ScientistsGraduate School of MedicineKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Hiroyuki Hioki
- Department of Morphological Brain ScienceGraduate School of MedicineKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Takeshi Kaneko
- Department of Morphological Brain ScienceGraduate School of MedicineKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Kazuhiro Nakamura
- Career‐Path Promotion Unit for Young Life ScientistsGraduate School of MedicineKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
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