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Daruich‐Matet A, Jaworski T, Henry H, Zola M, Youale J, Parenti L, Naud M, Delaunay K, Bertrand M, Berdugo M, Kowalczuk L, Boatright J, Picard E, Behar‐Cohen F. Oral Ursodeoxycholic acid crosses the blood brain barrier in patients with retinal detachment and protects against retinal degeneration in an ex vivo model. Acta Ophthalmol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2022.229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Daruich‐Matet
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers INSERM UMRS1138, Team 17 Université de Paris Université Sorbonne Paris Cité Paris France
- Ophthalmology Department Necker‐Enfants Malades University Hospital, AP‐HP Paris France
- Paris University Paris France
| | - Thara Jaworski
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers INSERM UMRS1138, Team 17 Université de Paris Université Sorbonne Paris Cité Paris France
| | - Hugues Henry
- Innovation and Development Laboratory Clinical Chemistry Service Lausanne University Hospital Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Marta Zola
- Department of Ophthalmology Jules‐Gonin Eye Hospital Fondation Asile des Aveugles University of Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Jenny Youale
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers INSERM UMRS1138, Team 17 Université de Paris Université Sorbonne Paris Cité Paris France
| | - Léa Parenti
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers INSERM UMRS1138, Team 17 Université de Paris Université Sorbonne Paris Cité Paris France
| | - Marie‐Christine Naud
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers INSERM UMRS1138, Team 17 Université de Paris Université Sorbonne Paris Cité Paris France
| | - Kimberley Delaunay
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers INSERM UMRS1138, Team 17 Université de Paris Université Sorbonne Paris Cité Paris France
| | - Mathilde Bertrand
- Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (ICM) INSERM, CNRS, Assistance Publique‐Hôpitaux de Paris (AP‐HP) Sorbonne Université Pitié‐Salpêtrière University Hospital Paris France
| | - Marianne Berdugo
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers INSERM UMRS1138, Team 17 Université de Paris Université Sorbonne Paris Cité Paris France
| | - Laura Kowalczuk
- Department of Ophthalmology Jules‐Gonin Eye Hospital Fondation Asile des Aveugles University of Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Jeffrey Boatright
- Department of Ophthalmology Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta GA USA
| | - Emilie Picard
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers INSERM UMRS1138, Team 17 Université de Paris Université Sorbonne Paris Cité Paris France
| | - francine Behar‐Cohen
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers INSERM UMRS1138, Team 17 Université de Paris Université Sorbonne Paris Cité Paris France
- Ophtalmopole Cochin Hospital AP‐HP, Université de Paris Paris France
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Schiffrin M, Winkler C, Quignodon L, Naldi A, Trötzmüller M, Köfeler H, Henry H, Parini P, Desvergne B, Gilardi F. Sex Dimorphism of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) in Pparg-Null Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9969. [PMID: 34576136 PMCID: PMC8467431 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22189969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Men with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are more exposed to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and liver fibrosis than women. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of NALFD sex dimorphism are unclear. We combined gene expression, histological and lipidomic analyses to systematically compare male and female liver steatosis. We characterized hepatosteatosis in three independent mouse models of NAFLD, ob/ob and lipodystrophic fat-specific (PpargFΔ/Δ) and whole-body PPARγ-null (PpargΔ/Δ) mice. We identified a clear sex dimorphism occurring only in PpargΔ/Δ mice, with females showing macro- and microvesicular hepatosteatosis throughout their entire life, while males had fewer lipid droplets starting from 20 weeks. This sex dimorphism in hepatosteatosis was lost in gonadectomized PpargΔ/Δ mice. Lipidomics revealed hepatic accumulation of short and highly saturated TGs in females, while TGs were enriched in long and unsaturated hydrocarbon chains in males. Strikingly, sex-biased genes were particularly perturbed in both sexes, affecting lipid metabolism, drug metabolism, inflammatory and cellular stress response pathways. Most importantly, we found that the expression of key sex-biased genes was severely affected in all the NAFLD models we tested. Thus, hepatosteatosis strongly affects hepatic sex-biased gene expression. With NAFLD increasing in prevalence, this emphasizes the urgent need to specifically address the consequences of this deregulation in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariano Schiffrin
- Center of Integrative Genomics, Genopode, Lausanne Faculty of Biology and Medicine, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; (M.S.); (C.W.); (L.Q.); (A.N.); (B.D.)
| | - Carine Winkler
- Center of Integrative Genomics, Genopode, Lausanne Faculty of Biology and Medicine, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; (M.S.); (C.W.); (L.Q.); (A.N.); (B.D.)
| | - Laure Quignodon
- Center of Integrative Genomics, Genopode, Lausanne Faculty of Biology and Medicine, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; (M.S.); (C.W.); (L.Q.); (A.N.); (B.D.)
| | - Aurélien Naldi
- Center of Integrative Genomics, Genopode, Lausanne Faculty of Biology and Medicine, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; (M.S.); (C.W.); (L.Q.); (A.N.); (B.D.)
| | - Martin Trötzmüller
- Core Facility Mass Spectrometry, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (M.T.); (H.K.)
| | - Harald Köfeler
- Core Facility Mass Spectrometry, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (M.T.); (H.K.)
| | - Hugues Henry
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne Faculty of Biology and Medicine, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland;
| | - Paolo Parini
- CardioMetabolic Unit, Department of Medicine and Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Insititutet and Theme Inflammation and Ageing Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, 14186 Stockholm, Sweden;
| | - Béatrice Desvergne
- Center of Integrative Genomics, Genopode, Lausanne Faculty of Biology and Medicine, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; (M.S.); (C.W.); (L.Q.); (A.N.); (B.D.)
| | - Federica Gilardi
- Center of Integrative Genomics, Genopode, Lausanne Faculty of Biology and Medicine, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; (M.S.); (C.W.); (L.Q.); (A.N.); (B.D.)
- Faculty Unit of Toxicology, University Center of Legal Medicine, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, CH-1000 Lausanne, Switzerland
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Zanella R, Tellier RL, Plapp M, Tegze G, Henry H. Three-dimensional numerical simulation of droplet formation by Rayleigh–Taylor instability in multiphase corium. Nuclear Engineering and Design 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nucengdes.2021.111177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Masse M, Douzé L, Perez M, Cuvelier E, Henry H, Odou P, Pelayo S, Décaudin B. [Evaluation of the training of clinical pharmacy residents in prescription analysis using an ergonomic approach]. Ann Pharm Fr 2021; 80:187-199. [PMID: 33992642 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharma.2021.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To perform an ergonomic intervention using the methodology of the analysis of the activity of the training process of clinical pharmacy residents in the analysis of prescriptions. METHODS The evaluation was carried out over two semesters: from May to October 2016 (first study) and from November 2016 to April 2017 (second study). The interviews and observations were conducted by an ergonomist who is an expert in this type of evaluation. The first study was based on observations of the training process and interviews at different time. The second study allowed to support pharmacists and evaluate the changes following the recommendations of the previous study. RESULTS A total of 6 and 9 residents participated in the first and second study, respectively. During the first study, 6 difficulties were raised which allowed implementation decisions. Feedback from residents on the training process was generally positive for the first part of the training but negative for the last part. The average number of fears expressed by the residents was higher at the beginning (2.9 fears) than at the end (1 fear). CONCLUSIONS The training process has been adapted to the expectations and feelings of the residents. Follow-up at the beginning and throughout the internship was essential. The next stage of this work will be to evaluate the contribution of the dashboards for monitoring clinical pharmacy skills in the new degree for hospital pharmacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Masse
- ULR 7365 - GRITA - groupe de Recherche sur les formes injectables et les technologies associées, université de Lille, CHU de Lille, 59000 Lille, France.
| | - L Douzé
- Inserm, CIC-IT/Evalab 1403 - centre d'investigation clinique, EA 2694, université de Lille, CHU de Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - M Perez
- CHU de Lille, institut de pharmacie, 59000 Lille, France
| | - E Cuvelier
- ULR 7365 - GRITA - groupe de Recherche sur les formes injectables et les technologies associées, université de Lille, CHU de Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - H Henry
- ULR 7365 - GRITA - groupe de Recherche sur les formes injectables et les technologies associées, université de Lille, CHU de Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - P Odou
- ULR 7365 - GRITA - groupe de Recherche sur les formes injectables et les technologies associées, université de Lille, CHU de Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - S Pelayo
- Inserm, CIC-IT/Evalab 1403 - centre d'investigation clinique, EA 2694, université de Lille, CHU de Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - B Décaudin
- ULR 7365 - GRITA - groupe de Recherche sur les formes injectables et les technologies associées, université de Lille, CHU de Lille, 59000 Lille, France
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Daruich A, Jaworski T, Henry H, Zola M, Youale J, Parenti L, Naud MC, Delaunay K, Bertrand M, Berdugo M, Kowalczuk L, Boatright J, Picard E, Behar-Cohen F. Oral Ursodeoxycholic Acid Crosses the Blood Retinal Barrier in Patients with Retinal Detachment and Protects Against Retinal Degeneration in an Ex Vivo Model. Neurotherapeutics 2021; 18:1325-1338. [PMID: 33537951 PMCID: PMC8423962 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-021-01009-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RD) is a threatening visual condition and a human disease model for retinal degenerations. Despite successful reattachment surgery, vision does not fully recover, due to subretinal fluid accumulation and subsequent photoreceptor cell death, through mechanisms that recapitulate those of retinal degenerative diseases. Hydrophilic bile acids are neuroprotective in animal models, but whether they can be used orally for retinal diseases is unknown. Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) being approved for clinical use (e.g., in cholestasis), we have evaluated the ocular bioavailability of oral UDCA, administered to patients before RD surgery. The level of UDCA in ocular media correlated with the extent of blood retinal barrier disruption, evaluated by the extent of detachment and the albumin concentration in subretinal fluid. UDCA, at levels measured in ocular media, protected photoreceptors from apoptosis and necrosis in rat retinal explants, an ex vivo model of RD. The subretinal fluid from UDCA-treated patients, collected during surgery, significantly protected rat retinal explants from cell death, when compared to subretinal fluid from control patients. Pan-transcriptomic analysis of the retina showed that UDCA upregulated anti-apoptotic, anti-oxidant, and anti-inflammatory genes. Oral UDCA is a potential neuroprotective adjuvant therapy in RD and other retinal degenerative diseases and should be further evaluated in a clinical trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Daruich
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers INSERM, UMRS1138, Team 17, Université de Paris, Université Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Ophthalmology Department, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
- Ophthalmology Department, University of Lausanne, Jules-Gonin Eye Hospital, Fondation Asile des Aveugles, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Thara Jaworski
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers INSERM, UMRS1138, Team 17, Université de Paris, Université Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Hugues Henry
- Innovation and Development Laboratory, Clinical Chemistry Service, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marta Zola
- Ophthalmology Department, University of Lausanne, Jules-Gonin Eye Hospital, Fondation Asile des Aveugles, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jenny Youale
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers INSERM, UMRS1138, Team 17, Université de Paris, Université Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Léa Parenti
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers INSERM, UMRS1138, Team 17, Université de Paris, Université Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Christine Naud
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers INSERM, UMRS1138, Team 17, Université de Paris, Université Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Kimberley Delaunay
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers INSERM, UMRS1138, Team 17, Université de Paris, Université Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Mathilde Bertrand
- Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (ICM), INSERM, CNRS, AP-HP, Sorbonne Université, Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Marianne Berdugo
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers INSERM, UMRS1138, Team 17, Université de Paris, Université Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Laura Kowalczuk
- Ophthalmology Department, University of Lausanne, Jules-Gonin Eye Hospital, Fondation Asile des Aveugles, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jeffrey Boatright
- Ophthalmology Department, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Center of Excellence, Atlanta Veterans Administration Medical Center, Decatur, GA, USA
| | - Emilie Picard
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers INSERM, UMRS1138, Team 17, Université de Paris, Université Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Francine Behar-Cohen
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers INSERM, UMRS1138, Team 17, Université de Paris, Université Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.
- Ophtalmopole, Cochin Hospital, AP-HP, Université de Paris, Paris, France.
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Philippe T, Henry H, Plapp M. A regularized phase-field model for faceting in a kinetically controlled crystal growth. Proc Math Phys Eng Sci 2020; 476:20200227. [PMID: 33071578 DOI: 10.1098/rspa.2020.0227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
At equilibrium, the shape of a strongly anisotropic crystal exhibits corners when for some orientations the surface stiffness is negative. In the sharp-interface problem, the surface free energy is traditionally augmented with a curvature-dependent term in order to round the corners and regularize the dynamic equations that describe the motion of such interfaces. In this paper, we adopt a diffuse interface description and present a phase-field model for strongly anisotropic crystals that is regularized using an approximation of the Willmore energy. The Allen-Cahn equation is employed to model kinetically controlled crystal growth. Using the method of matched asymptotic expansions, it is shown that the model converges to the sharp-interface theory proposed by Herring. Then, the stress tensor is used to derive the force acting on the diffuse interface and to examine the properties of a corner at equilibrium. Finally, the coarsening dynamics of the faceting instability during growth is investigated. Phase-field simulations reveal the existence of a parabolic regime, with the mean facet length evolving in t , with t the time, as predicted by the sharp-interface theory. A specific coarsening mechanism is observed: a hill disappears as the two neighbouring valleys merge.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Philippe
- Laboratoire de Physique de la Matière Condensée, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, IP Paris, 91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - H Henry
- Laboratoire de Physique de la Matière Condensée, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, IP Paris, 91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - M Plapp
- Laboratoire de Physique de la Matière Condensée, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, IP Paris, 91128 Palaiseau, France
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Song J, Henry H, Tian L. Drought-inducible changes in the histone modification H3K9ac are associated with drought-responsive gene expression in Brachypodium distachyon. Plant Biol (Stuttg) 2020; 22:433-440. [PMID: 31628708 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
H3K9ac, an epigenetic marker, is widely distributed in plant genomes. H3K9ac enhances gene expression, which is highly conserved in eukaryotes. However, genome-wide studies of H3K9ac in monocot species are limited, and the changes in H3K9ac under drought stress for individual genes are still not clear. We analysed changes in the H3K9ac level of Brachypodium distachyon under 20% PEG-6000-simulated drought stress conditions. We also performed chromatin immunoprecipitation, followed by next generation sequencing (ChIP-seq) on H3K9ac to reveal changes in H3K9ac for individual genes at the genome-wide level. Our study showed that H3K9ac was mainly enriched in gene exon regions. Drought increased or decreased the H3K9ac level at specific genomic loci. We identified 40 genes associated with increased H3K9ac levels and 36 genes associated with decreased H3K9ac levels under drought stress. Further, RT-qPCR analyses showed that H3K9ac was positively associated with gene expression of those drought-responsive genes. We conclude that H3K9ac enhances the expression level of a large number of drought-responsive genes under drought stress in B. distachyon. The data presented here will help to reveal the correlation of some specific drought-responsive genes and their enriched H3K9ac levels in the model plant B. distachyon.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Song
- Department of Biology, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- London Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London, ON, Canada
| | - H Henry
- Department of Biology, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - L Tian
- Department of Biology, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- London Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London, ON, Canada
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van der Velpen V, Teav T, Gallart-Ayala H, Mehl F, Konz I, Clark C, Oikonomidi A, Peyratout G, Henry H, Delorenzi M, Ivanisevic J, Popp J. Systemic and central nervous system metabolic alterations in Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimers Res Ther 2019; 11:93. [PMID: 31779690 PMCID: PMC6883620 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-019-0551-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background Metabolic alterations, related to cerebral glucose metabolism, brain insulin resistance, and age-induced mitochondrial dysfunction, play an important role in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) on both the systemic and central nervous system level. To study the extent and significance of these alterations in AD, quantitative metabolomics was applied to plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from clinically well-characterized AD patients and cognitively healthy control subjects. The observed metabolic alterations were associated with core pathological processes of AD to investigate their relation with amyloid pathology and tau-related neurodegeneration. Methods In a case-control study of clinical and biomarker-confirmed AD patients (n = 40) and cognitively healthy controls without cerebral AD pathology (n = 34) with paired plasma and CSF samples, we performed metabolic profiling, i.e., untargeted metabolomics and targeted quantification. Targeted quantification focused on identified deregulated pathways highlighted in the untargeted assay, i.e. the TCA cycle, and its anaplerotic pathways, as well as the neuroactive tryptophan and kynurenine pathway. Results Concentrations of several TCA cycle and beta-oxidation intermediates were higher in plasma of AD patients, whilst amino acid concentrations were significantly lower. Similar alterations in these energy metabolism intermediates were observed in CSF, together with higher concentrations of creatinine, which were strongly correlated with blood-brain barrier permeability. Alterations of several amino acids were associated with CSF Amyloidβ1–42. The tryptophan catabolites, kynurenic acid and quinolinic acid, showed significantly higher concentrations in CSF of AD patients, which, together with other tryptophan pathway intermediates, were correlated with either CSF Amyloidβ1–42, or tau and phosphorylated Tau-181. Conclusions This study revealed AD-associated systemic dysregulation of nutrient sensing and oxidation and CNS-specific alterations in the neuroactive tryptophan pathway and (phospho)creatine degradation. The specific association of amino acids and tryptophan catabolites with AD CSF biomarkers suggests a close relationship with core AD pathology. Our findings warrant validation in independent, larger cohort studies as well as further investigation of factors such as gender and APOE genotype, as well as of other groups, such as preclinical AD, to identify metabolic alterations as potential intervention targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera van der Velpen
- Metabolomics Unit, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Tony Teav
- Metabolomics Unit, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Héctor Gallart-Ayala
- Metabolomics Unit, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Florence Mehl
- Metabolomics Unit, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ioana Konz
- Metabolomics Unit, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Aikaterini Oikonomidi
- Old Age Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausane, Switzerland
| | - Gwendoline Peyratout
- Old Age Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausane, Switzerland
| | - Hugues Henry
- Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausane, Switzerland
| | - Mauro Delorenzi
- Translational Bioinformatics and Statistics, Department of Oncology, Swiss Cancer Center Leman (SCCL), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Bioinformatics Core Facility, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Julijana Ivanisevic
- Metabolomics Unit, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Julius Popp
- Old Age Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausane, Switzerland. .,Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
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Diez-Fernandez C, Hertig D, Loup M, Diserens G, Henry H, Vermathen P, Nuoffer JM, Häberle J, Braissant O. Argininosuccinate neurotoxicity and prevention by creatine in argininosuccinate lyase deficiency: An in vitro study in rat three-dimensional organotypic brain cell cultures. J Inherit Metab Dis 2019; 42:1077-1087. [PMID: 30907007 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The urea cycle disorder (UCD) argininosuccinate lyase (ASL) deficiency, caused by a defective ASL enzyme, exhibits a wide range of phenotypes, from life-threatening neonatal hyperammonemia to asymptomatic patients, with only the biochemical marker argininosuccinic acid (ASA) elevated in body fluids. Remarkably, even without ever suffering from hyperammonemia, patients often develop severe cognitive impairment and seizures. The goal of this study was to understand the effect on the known toxic metabolite ASA and the assumed toxic metabolite guanidinosuccinic acid (GSA) on developing brain cells, and to evaluate the potential role of creatine (Cr) supplementation, as it was described protective for brain cells exposed to ammonia. We used an in vitro model, in which we exposed three-dimensional (3D) organotypic rat brain cell cultures in aggregates to different combinations of the metabolites of interest at two time points (representing two different developmental stages). After harvest and cryopreservation of the cell cultures, the samples were analyzed mainly by metabolite analysis, immunohistochemistry, and western blotting. ASA and GSA were found toxic for astrocytes and neurons. This toxicity could be reverted in vitro by Cr. As well, an antiapoptotic effect of ASA was revealed, which could contribute to the neurotoxicity in ASL deficiency. Further studies in human ASL deficiency will be required to understand the biochemical situation in the brain of affected patients, and to investigate the impact of high or low arginine doses on brain Cr availability. In addition, clinical trials to evaluate the beneficial effect of Cr supplementation in ASL deficiency would be valuable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Diez-Fernandez
- Division of Metabolism and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Damian Hertig
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism and University Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Inselspital, University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- AMSM, Department of Biomedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- AMSM, Department of Radiology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Marc Loup
- Service of Clinical Chemistry, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Gaelle Diserens
- AMSM, Department of Biomedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- AMSM, Department of Radiology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Hugues Henry
- Service of Clinical Chemistry, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Peter Vermathen
- AMSM, Department of Biomedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- AMSM, Department of Radiology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Marc Nuoffer
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism and University Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Inselspital, University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Johannes Häberle
- Division of Metabolism and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Olivier Braissant
- Service of Clinical Chemistry, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Switzerland
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Teav T, Gallart-Ayala H, van der Velpen V, Mehl F, Henry H, Ivanisevic J. Merged Targeted Quantification and Untargeted Profiling for Comprehensive Assessment of Acylcarnitine and Amino Acid Metabolism. Anal Chem 2019; 91:11757-11769. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b02373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tony Teav
- Metabolomics Platform, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Héctor Gallart-Ayala
- Metabolomics Platform, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Vera van der Velpen
- Metabolomics Platform, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Florence Mehl
- Metabolomics Platform, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Vital-IT−Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Hugues Henry
- Innovation and Development Laboratory, Clinical Chemistry Service, Lausanne University Hospital, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Julijana Ivanisevic
- Metabolomics Platform, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland
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11
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Jacob DE, Ruthensteiner B, Trimby P, Henry H, Martha SO, Leitner J, Otter LM, Scholz J. Architecture of Anoteropora latirostris (Bryozoa, Cheilostomata) and implications for their biomineralization. Sci Rep 2019; 9:11439. [PMID: 31391508 PMCID: PMC6685955 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-47848-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Cheilostome Bryozoa Anoteropora latirostris, a colonial marine invertebrate, constructs its skeleton from calcite and aragonite. This study presents firstly correlated multi-scale electron microscopy, micro-computed tomography, electron backscatter diffraction and NanoSIMS mapping. We show that all primary, coarse-grained platy calcitic lateral walls are covered by fine-grained fibrous aragonite. Vertical lateral walls separating autozooid chambers have aragonite only on their distal side. This type of asymmetric mineralization of lateral walls results from the vertical arrangement of the zooids at the growth margins of the colony and represents a type of biomineralization previously unknown in cheilostome bryozoans. NanoSIMS mapping across the aragonite-calcite interface indicates an organic layer between both mineral phases, likely representing an organic template for biomineralization of aragonite on the calcite layer. Analysis of crystallographic orientations show a moderately strong crystallographic preferred orientation (CPO) for calcite (7.4 times random orientation) and an overall weaker CPO for aragonite (2.4 times random orientation) with a high degree of twinning (45%) of the aragonite grains. The calculated Young's modulus for the CPO map shows a weak mechanical direction perpendicular to the colony's upper surface facilitating this organism's strategy of clonal reproduction by fragmentation along the vertical zooid walls.
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Affiliation(s)
- D E Jacob
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, 2109, Australia.
| | - B Ruthensteiner
- Zoologische Staatssammlung München, Staatliche Naturwissenschaftliche Sammlung Bayerns, Münchhausenstraße 21, 81247, München, Germany
| | - P Trimby
- Australian Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
- Oxford Instruments Nanoanalysis, High Wycombe, UK
| | - H Henry
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, 2109, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Core to Crust Fluid System (CCFS)/GEMOC, Macquarie University, North Ryde, Australia
| | - S O Martha
- Senckenberg Forschungsinstitute und Naturmuseen, Marine Evertebraten III, Senckenberganlage 25, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - J Leitner
- Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Particle Chemistry, Hahn-Meitner-Weg 1, Mainz, Germany
| | - L M Otter
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - J Scholz
- Senckenberg Forschungsinstitute und Naturmuseen, Marine Evertebraten III, Senckenberganlage 25, Frankfurt, Germany
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12
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Laszlo CF, Paz Montoya J, Shamseddin M, De Martino F, Beguin A, Nellen R, Bruce SJ, Moniatte M, Henry H, Brisken C. A high resolution LC-MS targeted method for the concomitant analysis of 11 contraceptive progestins and 4 steroids. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2019; 175:112756. [PMID: 31387028 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2019.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
In the context of hormonal contraception and hormone replacement therapy (HRT), many women are exposed to exogenous hormones. Current use of hormonal contraception with combined ethinyl estradiol and different progestins bestows a breast cancer relative risk (RR) of 1.2- while combined HRT has a RR of 2. Although these exposures present an important public health issue, little is known about the effects of individual progestins on the breast and other tissues. Increasing availability of large scale biobanks, high throughput analyses and data management tools enable ever expanding, sophisticated population studies. In order to address the impact of distinct progestins on various health indicators, it is desirable to accurately quantify progestins in clinical samples. Here we have developed and validated a high resolution liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS) targeted method for the simultaneous quantification of 11 synthetic progestins widely used in oral contraceptives, gestodene, levonorgestrel, etonogestrel, chlormadinone acetate, cyproterone acetate, drospirenone, desacetyl norgestimate, medroxyprogesterone acetate, norethindrone, dienogest, nomegestrol acetate, and 4 endogenous steroid hormones, progesterone, testosterone, androstenedione, and cortisol in blood samples. This highly specific quantitative analysis with high resolution Orbitrap technology detects and quantifies 15 compounds using their internal standard counterparts in a single 12 min LC-MS run. Sensitivity is attained by the use of the instrument in targeted selected ion monitoring mode. Lower limit of quantitation ranges from 2.4 pg/ml for drospirenone to 78.1 pg/ml for chlormadinone acetate. The method provides comprehensive progestin panel measurements with as little as 50 μl of murine or human plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Csaba Ferenc Laszlo
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, School of Life Sciences, Ecole polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Jonathan Paz Montoya
- Proteomics Core Facility, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Marie Shamseddin
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, School of Life Sciences, Ecole polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Fabio De Martino
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, School of Life Sciences, Ecole polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Alexandre Beguin
- Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), CH-1011, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Rene Nellen
- Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), CH-1011, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Stephen James Bruce
- Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), CH-1011, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Marc Moniatte
- Proteomics Core Facility, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Hugues Henry
- Département formation et recherche, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), CH-1011, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Cathrin Brisken
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, School of Life Sciences, Ecole polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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13
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Palmero D, Chavan E, Berger-Gryllaki M, Tolsa JF, Di Paolo ER, Pannatier A, Henry H, Sadeghipour F. Stability of prostaglandin E 1 solutions stored in polypropylene syringes for continuous intravenous administration to newborns. Eur J Hosp Pharm 2019; 25:e109-e114. [PMID: 31157079 DOI: 10.1136/ejhpharm-2017-001205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Revised: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective We aimed to monitor the physicochemical stability of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) 1.5 and 15 µg/mL in 10% dextrose stored in polypropylene syringes. Methods We developed a liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) method to detect and quantify levels of PGE1. Method selectivity was performed with a mixture of PGE1 and its degradation products. Forced degradation tests were performed to determine which degradation products were most likely to form. PGE1 injection solutions in 10% dextrose were stored in unprotected and shielded-from-light polypropylene syringes in a climatic chamber. Samples were taken immediately after preparation (T0) and after 24, 48, 72 and 168 hours for analysis. PGE1 solutions were considered stable if ≥90.0% of the initial concentration was retained. Results The LC-HRMS method was validated in the range of 0.086-0.200µg/mL PGE1 with trueness values between 98.2% and 100.3%, and repeatability and intermediate precision values of <2.2%and <4.7%, respectively. The quantification and detection limits of the method were 0.086 and 0.026µg/mL, respectively. PGE1 and its degradation products were resolved chromatographically. PGE1 injection solutions were≥90.0%stable after 48hours in unprotected from light (UPL) syringes. The solutions remained clear without precipitation, colour or pH modification and subvisible particles within the permitted levels. Prostaglandin A1 was the sole degradation product observed. Conclusions A LC-HRMS method to evaluate PGE1 stability in a 10% dextrose was developed and validated. PGE1 1.5 and 15µg/mL in 10% dextrose solution are stable for 48hours when stored at 30ºC in UPL polypropylene syringes.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Palmero
- Department of Pharmacy, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Geneva and Lausanne Universities, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Emilienne Chavan
- Department of Pharmacy, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Geneva and Lausanne Universities, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Ermindo R Di Paolo
- Department of Pharmacy, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - André Pannatier
- Department of Pharmacy, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Geneva and Lausanne Universities, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Hugues Henry
- Department of Biomedicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Farshid Sadeghipour
- Department of Pharmacy, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Geneva and Lausanne Universities, Geneva, Switzerland
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14
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Cudré-Cung HP, Remacle N, do Vale-Pereira S, Gonzalez M, Henry H, Ivanisevic J, Schmiesing J, Mühlhausen C, Braissant O, Ballhausen D. Ammonium accumulation and chemokine decrease in culture media of Gcdh -/- 3D reaggregated brain cell cultures. Mol Genet Metab 2019; 126:416-428. [PMID: 30686684 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2019.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Glutaric Aciduria type I (GA-I) is caused by mutations in the GCDH gene. Its deficiency results in accumulation of the key metabolites glutaric acid (GA) and 3-hydroxyglutaric acid (3-OHGA) in body tissues and fluids. Present knowledge on the neuropathogenesis of GA-I suggests that GA and 3-OHGA have toxic properties on the developing brain. We analyzed morphological and biochemical features of 3D brain cell aggregates issued from Gcdh-/- mice at two different developmental stages, day-in-vitro (DIV) 8 and 14, corresponding to the neonatal period and early childhood. We also induced a metabolic stress by exposing the aggregates to 10 mM l-lysine (Lys). Significant amounts of GA and 3-OHGA were detected in Gcdh-/- aggregates and their culture media. Ammonium was significantly increased in culture media of Gcdh-/- aggregates at the early developmental stage. Concentrations of GA, 3-OHGA and ammonium increased significantly after exposure to Lys. Gcdh-/- aggregates manifested morphological alterations of all brain cell types at DIV 8 while at DIV 14 they were only visible after exposure to Lys. Several chemokine levels were significantly decreased in culture media of Gcdh-/- aggregates at DIV 14 and after exposure to Lys at DIV 8. This new in vitro model for brain damage in GA-I mimics well in vivo conditions. As seen previously in WT aggregates exposed to 3-OHGA, we confirmed a significant ammonium production by immature Gcdh-/- brain cells. We described for the first time a decrease of chemokines in Gcdh-/- culture media which might contribute to brain cell injury in GA-I.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Phuc Cudré-Cung
- Pediatric Metabolic Disease Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Lausanne University Hospital, Chemin de Mont-Paisible 18, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Noémie Remacle
- Pediatric Metabolic Disease Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Lausanne University Hospital, Chemin de Mont-Paisible 18, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Sonia do Vale-Pereira
- Pediatric Metabolic Disease Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Lausanne University Hospital, Chemin de Mont-Paisible 18, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mary Gonzalez
- Pediatric Metabolic Disease Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Lausanne University Hospital, Chemin de Mont-Paisible 18, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Hugues Henry
- Service of Clinical Chemistry, Lausanne University Hospital, Rue du Bugnon 46, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Julijana Ivanisevic
- Metabolomics Platform, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Rue du Bugnon 19, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Jessica Schmiesing
- Department of Biochemistry, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, University Children's Hospital, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Chris Mühlhausen
- Department of Biochemistry, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, University Children's Hospital, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Olivier Braissant
- Service of Clinical Chemistry, Lausanne University Hospital, Rue du Bugnon 46, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Diana Ballhausen
- Pediatric Metabolic Disease Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Lausanne University Hospital, Chemin de Mont-Paisible 18, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland.
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15
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Dayon L, Cominetti O, Wojcik J, Galindo AN, Oikonomidi A, Henry H, Migliavacca E, Kussmann M, Bowman GL, Popp J. Proteomes of Paired Human Cerebrospinal Fluid and Plasma: Relation to Blood–Brain Barrier Permeability in Older Adults. J Proteome Res 2019; 18:1162-1174. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.8b00809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Loïc Dayon
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | | - Hugues Henry
- Department of Laboratories, CHUV, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Martin Kussmann
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Gene L. Bowman
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Julius Popp
- Old Age Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, CHUV, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Geriatric Psychiatry, Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry, HUG, 1226 Geneva, Switzerland
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16
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Somm E, Henry H, Bruce SJ, Bonnet N, Montandon SA, Niederländer NJ, Messina A, Aeby S, Rosikiewicz M, Fajas L, Sempoux C, Ferrari SL, Greub G, Pitteloud N. β-Klotho deficiency shifts the gut-liver bile acid axis and induces hepatic alterations in mice. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2018; 315:E833-E847. [PMID: 29944388 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00182.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
β-Klotho (encoded by Klb) is an obligate coreceptor, mediating both fibroblast growth factor (FGF)15 and FGF21 signaling. Klb-/- mice are refractory to metabolic FGF15 and FGF21 action and exhibit derepressed (increased) bile acid (BA) synthesis. Here, we deeply phenotyped male Klb-/- mice on a pure C57BL/6J genetic background, fed a chow diet focusing on metabolic aspects. This aims to better understand the physiological consequences of concomitant FGF15 and FGF21 signaling deficiency, in particular on the gut-liver axis. Klb-/- mice present permanent growth restriction independent of adiposity and energy balance. Klb-/- mice also exhibit few changes in carbohydrate metabolism, combining normal gluco-tolerance, insulin sensitivity, and fasting response with increased gluconeogenic capacity and decreased glycogen mobilization. Livers of Klb-/- mice reveal pathologic features, including a proinflammatory status and initiation of fibrosis. These defects are associated to a massive shift in BA composition in the enterohepatic system and blood circulation featured by a large excess of microbiota-derived deoxycholic acid, classically known for its genotoxicity in the gastrointestinal tract. In conclusion, β-Klotho is a gatekeeper of hepatic integrity through direct action (mediating FGF21 anti-inflammatory signaling) and indirect mechanisms (mediating FGF15 signaling that maintains BA level and composition).
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Somm
- Service of Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Metabolism, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne , Lausanne , Switzerland
| | - Hugues Henry
- Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne , Lausanne , Switzerland
| | - Stephen J Bruce
- Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne , Lausanne , Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Bonnet
- Division of Bone Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine Specialties, Geneva University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine , Geneva , Switzerland
| | - Sophie A Montandon
- Service of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Hypertension, and Nutrition, Geneva University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine , Geneva , Switzerland
| | - Nicolas J Niederländer
- Service of Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Metabolism, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne , Lausanne , Switzerland
| | - Andrea Messina
- Service of Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Metabolism, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne , Lausanne , Switzerland
| | - Sébastien Aeby
- Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne , Lausanne , Switzerland
| | - Marta Rosikiewicz
- Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne , Lausanne , Switzerland
| | - Lluis Fajas
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne , Lausanne , Switzerland
| | - Christine Sempoux
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne , Lausanne , Switzerland
| | - Serge L Ferrari
- Division of Bone Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine Specialties, Geneva University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine , Geneva , Switzerland
| | - Gilbert Greub
- Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne , Lausanne , Switzerland
| | - Nelly Pitteloud
- Service of Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Metabolism, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne , Lausanne , Switzerland
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17
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Bowman GL, Dayon L, Kirkland R, Wojcik J, Peyratout G, Severin IC, Henry H, Oikonomidi A, Migliavacca E, Bacher M, Popp J. Blood‐brain barrier breakdown, neuroinflammation, and cognitive decline in older adults. Alzheimers Dement 2018; 14:1640-1650. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2018.06.2857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 04/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gene L. Bowman
- Nestlé Institute of Health SciencesEPFL CampusLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Loïc Dayon
- Nestlé Institute of Health SciencesEPFL CampusLausanneSwitzerland
| | | | | | - Gwendoline Peyratout
- Old Age PsychiatryDepartment of PsychiatryUniversity Hospital of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - India C. Severin
- Nestlé Institute of Health SciencesEPFL CampusLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Hugues Henry
- CHUVDepartment of LaboratoriesLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Aikaterini Oikonomidi
- Old Age PsychiatryDepartment of PsychiatryUniversity Hospital of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | | | - Michael Bacher
- Philipps University of MarburgInstitute of ImmunologyMarburgGermany
| | - Julius Popp
- Old Age PsychiatryDepartment of PsychiatryUniversity Hospital of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
- Geriatric PsychiatryDepartment of Mental Health and PsychiatryUniversity Hospitals of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland
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18
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Remacle N, Forny P, Cudré-Cung HP, Gonzalez-Melo M, do Vale-Pereira S, Henry H, Teav T, Gallart-Ayala H, Braissant O, Baumgartner M, Ballhausen D. New in vitro model derived from brain-specific Mut-/- mice confirms cerebral ammonium accumulation in methylmalonic aciduria. Mol Genet Metab 2018; 124:266-277. [PMID: 29934063 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2018.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Methylmalonic aciduria (MMAuria) is an inborn error of metabolism leading to neurological deterioration. In this study, we used 3D organotypic brain cell cultures derived from embryos of a brain-specific Mut-/- (brain KO) mouse to investigate mechanisms leading to brain damage. We challenged our in vitro model by a catabolic stress (temperature shift). RESULTS Typical metabolites for MMAuria as well as a massive NH4+ increase were found in the media of brain KO cultures. We investigated different pathways of intracerebral NH4+ production and found increased expression of glutaminase 2 and diminished expression of GDH1 in Mut-/- aggregates. While all brain cell types appeared affected in their morphological development in Mut-/- aggregates, the most pronounced effects were observed on astrocytes showing swollen fibers and cell bodies. Inhibited axonal elongation and delayed myelination of oligodendrocytes were also noted. Most effects were even more pronounced after 48 h at 39 °C. Microglia activation and an increased apoptosis rate suggested degeneration of Mut-/- brain cells. NH4+ accumulation might be the trigger for all observed alterations. We also found a generalized increase of chemokine concentrations in Mut-/- culture media at an early developmental stage followed by a decrease at a later stage. CONCLUSION We proved for the first time that Mut-/- brain cells are indeed able to produce the characteristic metabolites of MMAuria. We confirmed significant NH4+ accumulation in culture media of Mut-/- aggregates, suggesting that intracellular NH4+ concentrations might even be higher, gave first clues on the mechanisms leading to NH4+ accumulation in Mut-/- brain cells, and showed the involvement of neuroinflammatory processes in the neuropathophysiology of MMAuria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noémie Remacle
- Center of Molecular Diseases, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne 1011, Switzerland.
| | - Patrick Forny
- Division of Metabolism, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich 8032, Switzerland
| | - Hong-Phuc Cudré-Cung
- Center of Molecular Diseases, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne 1011, Switzerland.
| | - Mary Gonzalez-Melo
- Center of Molecular Diseases, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne 1011, Switzerland.
| | - Sónia do Vale-Pereira
- Center of Molecular Diseases, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne 1011, Switzerland
| | - Hugues Henry
- Service of Clinical Chemistry, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne 1011, Switzerland.
| | - Tony Teav
- Metabolomics Unit, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1011, Switzerland.
| | - Hector Gallart-Ayala
- Metabolomics Unit, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1011, Switzerland.
| | - Olivier Braissant
- Service of Clinical Chemistry, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne 1011, Switzerland.
| | - Matthias Baumgartner
- Division of Metabolism, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich 8032, Switzerland.
| | - Diana Ballhausen
- Center of Molecular Diseases, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne 1011, Switzerland.
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19
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Dayon L, Núñez Galindo A, Wojcik J, Cominetti O, Corthésy J, Oikonomidi A, Henry H, Kussmann M, Migliavacca E, Severin I, Bowman GL, Popp J. Alzheimer disease pathology and the cerebrospinal fluid proteome. Alzheimers Res Ther 2018; 10:66. [PMID: 30021611 PMCID: PMC6052524 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-018-0397-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Altered proteome profiles have been reported in both postmortem brain tissues and body fluids of subjects with Alzheimer disease (AD), but their broad relationships with AD pathology, amyloid pathology, and tau-related neurodegeneration have not yet been fully explored. Using a robust automated MS-based proteomic biomarker discovery workflow, we measured cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) proteomes to explore their association with well-established markers of core AD pathology. METHODS Cross-sectional analysis was performed on CSF collected from 120 older community-dwelling adults with normal (n = 48) or impaired cognition (n = 72). LC-MS quantified hundreds of proteins in the CSF. CSF concentrations of β-amyloid 1-42 (Aβ1-42), tau, and tau phosphorylated at threonine 181 (P-tau181) were determined with immunoassays. First, we explored proteins relevant to biomarker-defined AD. Then, correlation analysis of CSF proteins with CSF markers of amyloid pathology, neuronal injury, and tau hyperphosphorylation (i.e., Aβ1-42, tau, P-tau181) was performed using Pearson's correlation coefficient and Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons. RESULTS We quantified 790 proteins in CSF samples with MS. Four CSF proteins showed an association with CSF Aβ1-42 levels (p value ≤ 0.05 with correlation coefficient (R) ≥ 0.38). We identified 50 additional CSF proteins associated with CSF tau and 46 proteins associated with CSF P-tau181 (p value ≤ 0.05 with R ≥ 0.37). The majority of those proteins that showed such associations were brain-enriched proteins. Gene Ontology annotation revealed an enrichment for synaptic proteins and proteins originating from reelin-producing cells and the myelin sheath. CONCLUSIONS We used an MS-based proteomic workflow to profile the CSF proteome in relation to cerebral AD pathology. We report strong evidence of previously reported CSF proteins and several novel CSF proteins specifically associated with amyloid pathology or neuronal injury and tau hyperphosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loïc Dayon
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | - John Corthésy
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Hugues Henry
- Department of Laboratories, CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Martin Kussmann
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Present address: Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | - India Severin
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Gene L. Bowman
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Julius Popp
- Old Age Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Geriatric Psychiatry, Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry, HUG, Geneva, Switzerland
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Velpen V, Teav T, Mehl F, Gallart-Ayala H, Konz I, Oikonomidi A, Peyratout G, Henry H, Ivanisevic J, Popp J. P4‐193: IDENTIFICATION AND COMPREHENSIVE CHARACTERIZATION OF CNS AND SYSTEMIC METABOLIC ALTERATIONS IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. Alzheimers Dement 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2018.06.2598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vera Velpen
- University of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
- Lausanne University HospitalLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Tony Teav
- University of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | | | | | - Ioana Konz
- University of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | | | | | | | | | - Julius Popp
- Lausanne University HospitalLausanneSwitzerland
- Geneva University HospitalGenevaSwitzerland
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Dayon L, Wojcik J, Núñez Galindo A, Corthésy J, Cominetti O, Oikonomidi A, Henry H, Migliavacca E, Bowman GL, Popp J. Plasma Proteomic Profiles of Cerebrospinal Fluid-Defined Alzheimer’s Disease Pathology in Older Adults. J Alzheimers Dis 2017; 60:1641-1652. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-170426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Loïc Dayon
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | | | - John Corthésy
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Hugues Henry
- CHUV, Department of Laboratories, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Gene L. Bowman
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Julius Popp
- CHUV, Old Age Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Mathys J, Gholamrezaee M, Henry H, von Gunten A, Popp J. Decreasing body mass index is associated with cerebrospinal fluid markers of Alzheimer's pathology in MCI and mild dementia. Exp Gerontol 2017; 100:45-53. [PMID: 29054536 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2017.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Revised: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies have identified an association between body mass index (BMI) and the incidence and severity of Alzheimer's disease (AD) but this relationship is not fully understood. OBJECTIVE The primary objective of this study was to assess the possible association between BMI and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers of AD pathology in subjects with normal cognition and cognitive impairment. The secondary objective was to test whether BMI may contribute to improve the accuracy of a clinical model to predict AD pathology in memory clinic patients with cognitive impairment. METHOD One hundred and seven elderly subjects with cognitive impairment (91 memory clinic patients with mild cognitive impairment [MCI] and 16 with dementia of AD type) and 55 cognitively healthy volunteers were included in this study. All subjects received a comprehensive clinical and neuropsychological evaluation and a lumbar puncture for CSF biomarker analysis. Multiple linear regressions and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses were carried out to assess the association between BMI and the CSF biomarkers of AD pathology. RESULTS BMI was positively correlated with the CSF levels of Aβ42 and negatively with tau and P-tau181 in participants with cognitive impairment. The associations were independent of age, sex, educational level, type and severity of cognitive impairment, cerebrovascular risk factors and the presence of the APOEε4 allele. Furthermore, BMI significantly improved the sensitivity and specificity of a multi-factorial model to predict the presence of an AD CSF biomarker profile. CONCLUSION Lower BMI is associated with cerebral AD pathology rather than with cognitive impairment in elderly subjects with MCI and mild dementia. Along with other clinical factors, decreasing BMI may help the clinician to identify patients with cognitive impairment due to AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jules Mathys
- Old Age Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mehdi Gholamrezaee
- Departement of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Hugues Henry
- Departement of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Armin von Gunten
- Old Age Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Julius Popp
- Old Age Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Geriatric Psychiatry, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Switzerland.
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Roche A, Maréchal B, Kober T, Henry H, von Gunten A, Meuli R, Popp J. A volume-based automated morphometry tool for the prediction of cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease pathology in older subjects. J Neurol Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2017.08.2180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Oikonomidi A, Tautvydaitė D, Gholamrezaee MM, Henry H, Bacher M, Popp J. Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor is Associated with Biomarkers of Alzheimer’s Disease Pathology and Predicts Cognitive Decline in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Mild Dementia. J Alzheimers Dis 2017; 60:273-281. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-170335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Aikaterini Oikonomidi
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Old Age Psychiatry, University Hospital of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Domilė Tautvydaitė
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Old Age Psychiatry, University Hospital of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Hugues Henry
- Department of Laboratories, University Hospital of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Michael Bacher
- Institute of Immunology, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany
| | - Julius Popp
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Old Age Psychiatry, University Hospital of Lausanne, Switzerland
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Tautvydaitė D, Antonietti JP, Henry H, von Gunten A, Popp J. Relations between personality changes and cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease pathology. J Psychiatr Res 2017; 90:12-20. [PMID: 28213293 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2016.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Revised: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Specific changes in personality profiles may represent early non-cognitive symptoms of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Evaluating the subject's personality changes may add significant clinical information, as well as help to better understand the interaction between personality change, cognitive decline, and cerebral pathology. With this study we aimed to describe the relationship between personality changes and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) markers of AD pathology at early clinical stages of the disease. One hundred and ten subjects, of whom 66 cognitively impaired patients (57 with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and 9 with mild dementia) and 44 healthy controls, had neuropsychological examination as well as lumbar puncture to determine concentrations of CSF biomarkers of AD pathology (amyloid beta1-42 (Aβ1-42), phosphorylated tau (ptau-181), and total-tau (tau)). The Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R) was administered twice, once to evaluate subjects' current personality and once to assess personality traits retrospectively 5 years before evaluation. Subjects with an AD CSF biomarker profile showed significant increase in neuroticism and decrease in conscientiousness over time as compared to non-AD CSF biomarker group. In regression analysis controlling for global cognition as measured by the MMSE score, increasing neuroticism and decreasing extraversion, openness to experience and conscientiousness were associated with lower Aβ1-42 concentrations but not with tau and ptau-181 concentrations. Our findings suggest that early and specific changes in personality are associated with cerebral AD pathology. Concentrations of CSF biomarkers, additionally to severity of the cognitive impairment, significantly contribute in predicting specific personality changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Tautvydaitė
- Department of Psychiatry, Service of Old Age Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - J P Antonietti
- Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - H Henry
- Service of Biomedicine, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - A von Gunten
- Department of Psychiatry, Service of Old Age Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - J Popp
- Department of Psychiatry, Service of Old Age Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland.
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Cassano M, Offner S, Planet E, Piersigilli A, Jang SM, Henry H, Geuking MB, Mooser C, McCoy KD, Macpherson AJ, Trono D. Polyphenic trait promotes liver cancer in a model of epigenetic instability in mice. Hepatology 2017; 66:235-251. [PMID: 28370258 PMCID: PMC5518198 DOI: 10.1002/hep.29182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Revised: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) represents the fifth-most common form of cancer worldwide and carries a high mortality rate attributed to lack of effective treatment. Males are 8 times more likely to develop HCC than females, an effect largely driven by sex hormones, albeit through still poorly understood mechanisms. We previously identified TRIM28 (tripartite protein 28), a scaffold protein capable of recruiting a number of chromatin modifiers, as a crucial mediator of sexual dimorphism in the liver. Trim28hep-/- mice display sex-specific transcriptional deregulation of a wide range of bile and steroid metabolism genes and development of liver adenomas in males. We now demonstrate that obesity and aging precipitate alterations of TRIM28-dependent transcriptional dynamics, leading to a metabolic infection state responsible for highly penetrant male-restricted hepatic carcinogenesis. Molecular analyses implicate aberrant androgen receptor stimulation, biliary acid disturbances, and altered responses to gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of Trim28hep-/- -associated HCC. Correspondingly, androgen deprivation markedly attenuates the frequency and severity of tumors, and raising animals under axenic conditions completely abrogates their abnormal phenotype, even upon high-fat diet challenge. CONCLUSION This work underpins how discrete polyphenic traits in epigenetically metastable conditions can contribute to a cancer-prone state and more broadly provides new evidence linking hormonal imbalances, metabolic disturbances, gut microbiota, and cancer. (Hepatology 2017;66:235-251).
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Cassano
- School of Life SciencesEcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)LausanneSwitzerland
| | - Sandra Offner
- School of Life SciencesEcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)LausanneSwitzerland
| | - Evarist Planet
- School of Life SciencesEcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)LausanneSwitzerland
| | - Alessandra Piersigilli
- School of Life SciencesEcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)LausanneSwitzerland,Institute of Animal Pathology, Vetsuisse FacultyUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland
| | - Suk Min Jang
- School of Life SciencesEcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)LausanneSwitzerland
| | - Hugues Henry
- Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Lausanne University Hospital, Faculty of Biology and MedicineUniversity of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Markus B. Geuking
- Mucosal Immunology Lab, Department of Clinical ResearchUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland
| | - Catherine Mooser
- Mucosal Immunology Lab, Department of Clinical ResearchUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland
| | - Kathy D. McCoy
- Mucosal Immunology Lab, Department of Clinical ResearchUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland
| | - Andrew J. Macpherson
- Mucosal Immunology Lab, Department of Clinical ResearchUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland
| | - Didier Trono
- School of Life SciencesEcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)LausanneSwitzerland
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Dayon L, Guiraud SP, Corthésy J, Da Silva L, Migliavacca E, Tautvydaitė D, Oikonomidi A, Moullet B, Henry H, Métairon S, Marquis J, Descombes P, Collino S, Martin FPJ, Montoliu I, Kussmann M, Wojcik J, Bowman GL, Popp J. One-carbon metabolism, cognitive impairment and CSF measures of Alzheimer pathology: homocysteine and beyond. Alzheimers Res Ther 2017. [PMID: 28623948 PMCID: PMC5473969 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-017-0270-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Hyperhomocysteinemia is a risk factor for cognitive decline and dementia, including Alzheimer disease (AD). Homocysteine (Hcy) is a sulfur-containing amino acid and metabolite of the methionine pathway. The interrelated methionine, purine, and thymidylate cycles constitute the one-carbon metabolism that plays a critical role in the synthesis of DNA, neurotransmitters, phospholipids, and myelin. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that one-carbon metabolites beyond Hcy are relevant to cognitive function and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) measures of AD pathology in older adults. Methods Cross-sectional analysis was performed on matched CSF and plasma collected from 120 older community-dwelling adults with (n = 72) or without (n = 48) cognitive impairment. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was performed to quantify one-carbon metabolites and their cofactors. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression was initially applied to clinical and biomarker measures that generate the highest diagnostic accuracy of a priori-defined cognitive impairment (Clinical Dementia Rating-based) and AD pathology (i.e., CSF tau phosphorylated at threonine 181 [p-tau181]/β-Amyloid 1–42 peptide chain [Aβ1–42] >0.0779) to establish a reference benchmark. Two other LASSO-determined models were generated that included the one-carbon metabolites in CSF and then plasma. Correlations of CSF and plasma one-carbon metabolites with CSF amyloid and tau were explored. LASSO-determined models were stratified by apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 carrier status. Results The diagnostic accuracy of cognitive impairment for the reference model was 80.8% and included age, years of education, Aβ1–42, tau, and p-tau181. A model including CSF cystathionine, methionine, S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine (SAH), S-adenosylmethionine (SAM), serine, cysteine, and 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5-MTHF) improved the diagnostic accuracy to 87.4%. A second model derived from plasma included cystathionine, glycine, methionine, SAH, SAM, serine, cysteine, and Hcy and reached a diagnostic accuracy of 87.5%. CSF SAH and 5-MTHF were associated with CSF tau and p-tau181. Plasma one-carbon metabolites were able to diagnose subjects with a positive CSF profile of AD pathology in APOE ε4 carriers. Conclusions We observed significant improvements in the prediction of cognitive impairment by adding one-carbon metabolites. This is partially explained by associations with CSF tau and p-tau181, suggesting a role for one-carbon metabolism in the aggregation of tau and neuronal injury. These metabolites may be particularly critical in APOE ε4 carriers. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13195-017-0270-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loïc Dayon
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Innovation Park, Bâtiment H, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Seu Ping Guiraud
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Innovation Park, Bâtiment H, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - John Corthésy
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Innovation Park, Bâtiment H, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Laeticia Da Silva
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Innovation Park, Bâtiment H, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Eugenia Migliavacca
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Innovation Park, Bâtiment H, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Domilė Tautvydaitė
- Old Age Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Aikaterini Oikonomidi
- Old Age Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Barbara Moullet
- Old Age Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Hugues Henry
- Department of Laboratories, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sylviane Métairon
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Innovation Park, Bâtiment H, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Julien Marquis
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Innovation Park, Bâtiment H, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Descombes
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Innovation Park, Bâtiment H, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sebastiano Collino
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Innovation Park, Bâtiment H, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - François-Pierre J Martin
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Innovation Park, Bâtiment H, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ivan Montoliu
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Innovation Park, Bâtiment H, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Martin Kussmann
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Innovation Park, Bâtiment H, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Present address: Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | - Gene L Bowman
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Innovation Park, Bâtiment H, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Julius Popp
- Old Age Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
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Somm E, Henry H, Bruce SJ, Aeby S, Rosikiewicz M, Sykiotis GP, Asrih M, Jornayvaz FR, Denechaud PD, Albrecht U, Mohammadi M, Dwyer A, Acierno JS, Schoonjans K, Fajas L, Greub G, Pitteloud N. β-Klotho deficiency protects against obesity through a crosstalk between liver, microbiota, and brown adipose tissue. JCI Insight 2017; 2:91809. [PMID: 28422755 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.91809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
β-Klotho (encoded by Klb) is the obligate coreceptor mediating FGF21 and FGF15/19 signaling. Klb-/- mice are refractory to beneficial action of pharmacological FGF21 treatment including stimulation of glucose utilization and thermogenesis. Here, we investigated the energy homeostasis in Klb-/- mice on high-fat diet in order to better understand the consequences of abrogating both endogenous FGF15/19 and FGF21 signaling during caloric overload. Surprisingly, Klb-/- mice are resistant to diet-induced obesity (DIO) owing to enhanced energy expenditure and BAT activity. Klb-/- mice exhibited not only an increase but also a shift in bile acid (BA) composition featured by activation of the classical (neutral) BA synthesis pathway at the expense of the alternative (acidic) pathway. High hepatic production of cholic acid (CA) results in a large excess of microbiota-derived deoxycholic acid (DCA). DCA is specifically responsible for activating the TGR5 receptor that stimulates BAT thermogenic activity. In fact, combined gene deletion of Klb and Tgr5 or antibiotic treatment abrogating bacterial conversion of CA into DCA both abolish DIO resistance in Klb-/- mice. These results suggested that DIO resistance in Klb-/- mice is caused by high levels of DCA, signaling through the TGR5 receptor. These data also demonstrated that gut microbiota can regulate host thermogenesis via conversion of primary into secondary BA. Pharmacologic or nutritional approaches to selectively modulate BA composition may be a promising target for treating metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Somm
- Service of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Lausanne University Hospital; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Hugues Henry
- Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Stephen J Bruce
- Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sébastien Aeby
- Institute of Microbiology, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marta Rosikiewicz
- Institute of Microbiology, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Gerasimos P Sykiotis
- Service of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Lausanne University Hospital; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mohammed Asrih
- Service of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Lausanne University Hospital; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - François R Jornayvaz
- Service of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Lausanne University Hospital; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pierre Damien Denechaud
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Urs Albrecht
- Department of Biology, Unit of Biochemistry, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Moosa Mohammadi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Andrew Dwyer
- Service of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Lausanne University Hospital; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - James S Acierno
- Service of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Lausanne University Hospital; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Kristina Schoonjans
- Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lluis Fajas
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Gilbert Greub
- Institute of Microbiology, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nelly Pitteloud
- Service of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Lausanne University Hospital; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Tautvydaitė D, Kukreja D, Antonietti JP, Henry H, von Gunten A, Popp J. Interaction between personality traits and cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease pathology modulates cognitive performance. Alzheimers Res Ther 2017; 9:6. [PMID: 28153054 PMCID: PMC5290611 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-017-0235-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Background During adulthood, personality characteristics may contribute to the individual capacity to compensate the impact of developing cerebral Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathology on cognitive impairment in later life. In this study we aimed to investigate whether and how premorbid personality traits interact with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) markers of AD pathology to predict cognitive performance in subjects with mild cognitive impairment or mild AD dementia and in participants with normal cognition. Methods One hundred and ten subjects, of whom 66 were patients with mild cognitive impairment or mild AD dementia and 44 were healthy controls, had a comprehensive medical and neuropsychological examination as well as lumbar puncture to measure CSF biomarkers of AD pathology (amyloid beta1–42, phosphorylated tau and total-tau). Participants’ proxies completed the Revised NEO Personality Inventory, Form R to retrospectively assess subjects’ premorbid personality. Results In hierarchical multivariate regression analyses, including age, gender, education, APOEε4 status and cognitive level, premorbid neuroticism, conscientiousness and agreeableness modulated the effect of CSF biomarkers on cognitive performance. Low premorbid openness independently predicted lower levels of cognitive functioning after controlling for biomarker concentrations. Conclusion Our findings suggest that specific premorbid personality traits are associated with cerebral AD pathology and modulate its impact on cognitive performance. Considering personality characteristics may help to appraise a person’s cognitive reserve and the risk of cognitive decline in later life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domilė Tautvydaitė
- Department of Psychiatry, Service of Old Age Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Ch. de Mont-Paisible 16, CH-1011, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Deepti Kukreja
- Department of Psychiatry, Service of Old Age Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Ch. de Mont-Paisible 16, CH-1011, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Hugues Henry
- Service of Biomedicine, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Armin von Gunten
- Department of Psychiatry, Service of Old Age Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Ch. de Mont-Paisible 16, CH-1011, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Julius Popp
- Department of Psychiatry, Service of Old Age Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Ch. de Mont-Paisible 16, CH-1011, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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Nikolaeva S, Ansermet C, Centeno G, Pradervand S, Bize V, Mordasini D, Henry H, Koesters R, Maillard M, Bonny O, Tokonami N, Firsov D. Nephron-Specific Deletion of Circadian Clock Gene Bmal1 Alters the Plasma and Renal Metabolome and Impairs Drug Disposition. J Am Soc Nephrol 2016; 27:2997-3004. [PMID: 27056296 PMCID: PMC5042670 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2015091055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The circadian clock controls a wide variety of metabolic and homeostatic processes in a number of tissues, including the kidney. However, the role of the renal circadian clocks remains largely unknown. To address this question, we performed a combined functional, transcriptomic, and metabolomic analysis in mice with inducible conditional knockout (cKO) of BMAL1, which is critically involved in the circadian clock system, in renal tubular cells (Bmal1lox/lox/Pax8-rtTA/LC1 mice). Induction of cKO in adult mice did not produce obvious abnormalities in renal sodium, potassium, or water handling. Deep sequencing of the renal transcriptome revealed significant changes in the expression of genes related to metabolic pathways and organic anion transport in cKO mice compared with control littermates. Furthermore, kidneys from cKO mice exhibited a significant decrease in the NAD+-to-NADH ratio, which reflects the oxidative phosphorylation-to-glycolysis ratio and/or the status of mitochondrial function. Metabolome profiling showed significant changes in plasma levels of amino acids, biogenic amines, acylcarnitines, and lipids. In-depth analysis of two selected pathways revealed a significant increase in plasma urea level correlating with increased renal Arginase II activity, hyperargininemia, and increased kidney arginine content as well as a significant increase in plasma creatinine concentration and a reduced capacity of the kidney to secrete anionic drugs (furosemide) paralleled by an approximate 80% decrease in the expression level of organic anion transporter 3 (SLC22a8). Collectively, these results indicate that the renal circadian clocks control a variety of metabolic/homeostatic processes at the intrarenal and systemic levels and are involved in drug disposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Nikolaeva
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | | | | | - Sylvain Pradervand
- Genomic Technologies Facility, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - David Mordasini
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Clinical Pharmacology, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland; Department of Clinical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Robert Koesters
- Department of Nephrology, Tenon Hospital, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France; and
| | - Marc Maillard
- Service of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Olivier Bonny
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Service of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Natsuko Tokonami
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Labeled Research Team (ERL) 8228-U1138 équipe 3, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
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Cudré-Cung HP, Zavadakova P, do Vale-Pereira S, Remacle N, Henry H, Ivanisevic J, Tavel D, Braissant O, Ballhausen D. Ammonium accumulation is a primary effect of 2-methylcitrate exposure in an in vitro model for brain damage in methylmalonic aciduria. Mol Genet Metab 2016; 119:57-67. [PMID: 27599447 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2016.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Revised: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Using 3D organotypic rat brain cell cultures in aggregates we recently identified 2-methylcitrate (2-MCA) as the main toxic metabolite for developing brain cells in methylmalonic aciduria. Exposure to 2-MCA triggered morphological changes and apoptosis of brain cells. This was accompanied by increased ammonium and decreased glutamine levels. However, the sequence and causal relationship between these phenomena remained unclear. To understand the sequence and time course of pathogenic events, we exposed 3D rat brain cell aggregates to different concentrations of 2-MCA (0.1, 0.33 and 1.0mM) from day in vitro (DIV) 11 to 14. Aggregates were harvested at different time points from DIV 12 to 19. We compared the effects of a single dose of 1mM 2-MCA administered on DIV 11 to the effects of repeated doses of 1mM 2-MCA. Pan-caspase inhibitors Z-VAD FMK or Q-VD-OPh were used to block apoptosis. Ammonium accumulation in the culture medium started within few hours after the first 2-MCA exposure. Morphological changes of the developing brain cells were already visible after 17h. The highest rate of cleaved caspase-3 was observed after 72h. A dose-response relationship was observed for all effects. Surprisingly, a single dose of 1mM 2-MCA was sufficient to induce all of the biochemical and morphological changes in this model. 2-MCA-induced ammonium accumulation and morphological changes were not prevented by concomitant treatment of the cultures with pan-caspase inhibitors Z-VAD FMK or Q-VD-OPh: ammonium increased rapidly after a single 1mM 2-MCA administration even after apoptosis blockade. We conclude that following exposure to 2-MCA, ammonium production in brain cell cultures is an early phenomenon, preceding cell degeneration and apoptosis, and may actually be the cause of the other changes observed. The fact that a single dose of 1mM 2-MCA is sufficient to induce deleterious effects over several days highlights the potential damaging effects of even short-lasting metabolic decompensations in children affected by methylmalonic aciduria.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Petra Zavadakova
- Center of Molecular Diseases, Lausanne University Hospital, Switzerland
| | | | - Noémie Remacle
- Center of Molecular Diseases, Lausanne University Hospital, Switzerland
| | - Hugues Henry
- Biomedicine, Innovation & Development, Lausanne University Hospital, Switzerland
| | - Julijana Ivanisevic
- Metabolomics Research Platform, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Denise Tavel
- Department of Physiology, Lausanne University, Switzerland
| | | | - Diana Ballhausen
- Center of Molecular Diseases, Lausanne University Hospital, Switzerland.
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Bowman G, Dayon L, Severin I, Tautvydaite D, Henry H, Oikonomidi A, Kirkland R, Migliavacca E, Wojcik J, Bacher M, Popp J. P2‐147: A Neuroinflammatory Biomarker Signature of Blood‐Brain Barrier Impairment in Older Adults. Alzheimers Dement 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2016.06.1517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gene Bowman
- Nestle Institute of Health SciencesLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Loic Dayon
- Nestle Institute of Health SciencesLausanneSwitzerland
| | - India Severin
- Nestle Institute of Health SciencesLausanneSwitzerland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Julius Popp
- University Hospital LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
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Runyan C, Henry H, Huie N, Moriguchi J, Kittleson M, Czer L, Chang D, Passano E, Aintablian T, Kobashigawa J, Esmailian F, Arabia F. Can Patients with Restrictive Physiology Be Successfully Bridged to Transplant with Left Ventricular Support Alone Versus Biventricular Support? J Heart Lung Transplant 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2016.01.1106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Tautvydaitė D, Antonietti J, Von Gunten A, Henry H, Popp J. Specific personality changes in subjects with MCI and mild dementia are associated with cerebral Alzheimer's pathology as measured by CSF biomarkers. Eur Psychiatry 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
IntroductionSpecific changes in personality profiles may represent early symptoms of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Knowledge about relationship between personality changes and biomarkers of cerebral pathology can contribute to early diagnosis of AD.ObjectivesTo investigate to what extent the personality changes predict the cerebral AD pathology.AimsTo describe the relationship between the personality changes and pathological cerebro-spinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers.MethodOne hundred and ten subjects, of whom 57 patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), 9 subjects with mild dementia, and 44 healthy controls had an extensive medical and neuropsychological examination as well as lumbar puncture to evaluate concentrations of CSF biomarkers of AD pathology [amyloid-β1-42 (Aβ1-42), phosphorylated tau (ptau-181), and total-tau (tau)]. The proxies of the participants completed the Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R) to assess subjects’ personality at the time being and 5 years retrospectively.ResultsIn a hierarchical multivariate regression analysis, including age, gender, education, Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), and APOEe4 status, lower Aβ1-42 concentrations in CSF were associated with increasing neuroticism, and decreasing extraversion and conscientiousness. Decreasing extraversion, openness to experience and conscientiousness were associated with higher tau/Aβ1-42 ratio, and higher ptau-181/Aβ1-42 ratio was related to decreasing extraversion. Personality changes in the domain of agreeableness did not yield any significant effect as a predictor on any of CSF biomarkers.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that early and specific changes in personality traits are associated with cerebral AD pathology, in particular with amyloid pathology, and may serve as clinical signs to consider when evaluating MCI and mild dementia.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
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Glauser G, Grund B, Gassner AL, Menin L, Henry H, Bromirski M, Schütz F, McMullen J, Rochat B. Validation of the Mass-Extraction-Window for Quantitative Methods Using Liquid Chromatography High Resolution Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2016; 88:3264-71. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b04689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gaétan Glauser
- Neuchâtel
Platform of Analytical Chemistry, Institut de Chimie, Université de Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Baptiste Grund
- Quantitative
Mass Spectrometry Facility, University Hospital of Lausanne, CHUV, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Anne-Laure Gassner
- Institut
de Police Scientifique, University of Lausanne, Batochime, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Laure Menin
- EPFL, Institut
of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Batochime, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Hugues Henry
- BioID,
Department of Laboratories, University Hospital of Lausanne, CHUV, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Frédéric Schütz
- Swiss Institute
of Bioinformatics, Génopode, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Justin McMullen
- Quantitative
Mass Spectrometry Facility, University Hospital of Lausanne, CHUV, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Bertrand Rochat
- Quantitative
Mass Spectrometry Facility, University Hospital of Lausanne, CHUV, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
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Marques-Vidal P, Vollenweider P, Guessous I, Henry H, Boulat O, Waeber G, Jornayvaz FR. Serum Vitamin D Concentrations Are Not Associated with Insulin Resistance in Swiss Adults. J Nutr 2015; 145:2117-22. [PMID: 26180247 DOI: 10.3945/jn.115.211763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 06/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low vitamin D status has been associated with an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes and insulin resistance (IR), although this has been recently questioned. OBJECTIVE We examined the association between serum vitamin D metabolites and incident IR. METHODS This was a prospective, population-based study derived from the CoLaus (Cohorte Lausannoise) study including 3856 participants (aged 51.2 ± 10.4 y; 2217 women) free from diabetes or IR at baseline. IR was defined as a homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) index >2.6. Fasting plasma insulin and glucose were measured at baseline and at follow-up to calculate the HOMA index. The association of vitamin D metabolites with incident IR was analyzed by logistic regression, and the results were expressed for each independent variable as ORs and 95% CIs. RESULTS During the 5.5-y follow-up, 649 (16.9%) incident cases of IR were identified. Participants who developed IR had lower baseline serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [25(OH)D3 (25-hydroxycholecalciferol); 45.9 ± 22.8 vs. 49.9 ± 22.6 nmol/L; P < 0.001], total 25(OH)D3 (25(OH)D3 + epi-25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [3-epi-25(OH)D3]; 49.1 ± 24.3 vs. 53.3 ± 24.1 nmol/L; P < 0.001), and 3-epi-25(OH)D3 (4.2 ± 2.9 vs. 4.3 ± 2.5 nmol/L; P = 0.01) but a higher 3-epi- to total 25(OH)D3 ratio (0.09 ± 0.05 vs. 0.08 ± 0.04; P = 0.007). Multivariable analysis adjusting for month of sampling, age, and sex showed an inverse association between 25(OH)D3 and the likelihood of developing IR [ORs (95% CIs): 0.86 (0.68, 1.09), 0.60 (0.46, 0.78), and 0.57 (0.43, 0.75) for the second, third, and fourth quartiles compared with the first 25(OH)D3 quartile; P-trend < 0.001]. Similar associations were found between total 25(OH)D3 and incident IR. There was no significant association between 3-epi-25(OH)D3 and IR, yet a positive association was observed between the 3-epi- to total 25(OH)D3 ratio and incident IR. Further adjustment for body mass index, sedentary status, and smoking attenuated the association between 25(OH)D3, total 25(OH)D3, and the 3-epi- to total 25(OH)D3 ratio and the likelihood of developing IR. CONCLUSION In the CoLaus study in healthy adults, the risk of incident IR is not associated with serum concentrations of 25(OH)D3 and total 25(OH)D3.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Idris Guessous
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (IUMSP), Unit of Population Epidemiology, Division of Primary Care Medicine, Department of Community Medicine, Primary Care and Emergency Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland; and Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | | | | | | | - François R Jornayvaz
- Service of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland;
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Lorentz KM, Kontos S, Diaceri G, Henry H, Hubbell JA. Engineered binding to erythrocytes induces immunological tolerance to E. coli asparaginase. Sci Adv 2015; 1:e1500112. [PMID: 26601215 PMCID: PMC4646778 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1500112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2015] [Accepted: 05/14/2015] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Antigen-specific immune responses to protein drugs can hinder efficacy and compromise safety because of drug neutralization and secondary clinical complications. We report a tolerance induction strategy to prevent antigen-specific humoral immune responses to therapeutic proteins. Our modular, biomolecular approach involves engineering tolerizing variants of proteins such that they bind erythrocytes in vivo upon injection, on the basis of the premise that aged erythrocytes and the payloads they carry are cleared tolerogenically, driving the deletion of antigen-specific T cells. We demonstrate that binding the clinical therapeutic enzyme Escherichia coli l-asparaginase to erythrocytes in situ antigen-specifically abrogates development of antibody titers by >1000-fold and extends the pharmacodynamic effect of the drug 10-fold in mice. Additionally, a single pretreatment dose of erythrocyte-binding asparaginase tolerized mice to multiple subsequent doses of the wild-type enzyme. This strategy for reducing antigen-specific humoral responses may enable more effective and safer treatment with therapeutic proteins and drug candidates that are hampered by immunogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen M. Lorentz
- Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Anokion SA, CH-1024 Ecublens, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Kontos
- Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Anokion SA, CH-1024 Ecublens, Switzerland
| | - Giacomo Diaceri
- Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Hugues Henry
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University Hospital of Lausanne, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jeffrey A. Hubbell
- Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Anokion SA, CH-1024 Ecublens, Switzerland
- Institute for Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
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Hanna-El-Daher L, Béard E, Henry H, Tenenbaum L, Braissant O. Mild guanidinoacetate increase under partial guanidinoacetate methyltransferase deficiency strongly affects brain cell development. Neurobiol Dis 2015; 79:14-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2015.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2015] [Revised: 03/27/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Bermon S, Garnier PY, Hirschberg AL, Robinson N, Giraud S, Nicoli R, Baume N, Saugy M, Fénichel P, Bruce SJ, Henry H, Dollé G, Ritzen M. Serum androgen levels in elite female athletes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2014; 99:4328-35. [PMID: 25137421 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2014-1391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Prior to the implementation of the blood steroidal module of the Athlete Biological Passport, we measured the serum androgen levels among a large population of high-level female athletes as well as the prevalence of biochemical hyperandrogenism and some disorders of sex development (DSD). METHODS AND RESULTS In 849 elite female athletes, serum T, dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate, androstenedione, SHBG, and gonadotrophins were measured by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry high resolution or immunoassay. Free T was calculated. The sampling hour, age, and type of athletic event only had a small influence on T concentration, whereas ethnicity had not. Among the 85.5% that did not use oral contraceptives, 168 of 717 athletes were oligo- or amenorrhoic. The oral contraceptive users showed the lowest serum androgen and gonadotrophin and the highest SHBG concentrations. After having removed five doped athletes and five DSD women from our population, median T and free T values were close to those reported in sedentary young women. The 99th percentile for T concentration was calculated at 3.08 nmol/L, which is below the 10 nmol/L threshold used for competition eligibility of hyperandrogenic women with normal androgen sensitivity. Prevalence of hyperandrogenic 46 XY DSD in our athletic population is approximately 7 per 1000, which is 140 times higher than expected in the general population. CONCLUSION This is the first study to establish normative serum androgens values in elite female athletes, while taking into account the possible influence of menstrual status, oral contraceptive use, type of athletic event, and ethnicity. These findings should help to develop the blood steroidal module of the Athlete Biological Passport and to refine more evidence-based fair policies and recommendations concerning hyperandrogenism in female athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane Bermon
- International Association of Athletics Federations Medical and Anti-Doping Department and Commission (S.B., P.Y.G., M.S., G.D.), 98000 Monaco; Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Education Sport Santé (S.B.), Nice Sophia Antipolis University, 06107 Nice, France; and Monaco Institute of Sports Medicine and Surgery (S.B.), 98000 Monaco; Department of Women's and Children's Health (A.L.H., M.R.), Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital, SE-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden; Swiss Laboratory for Doping Analyses (N.R., S.G., R.N., N.B., M.S.), University Center of Legal Medicine, Geneva and Lausanne, and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, and INSERM Unité 1065 (P.F.), Hôpital l'Archet, University Hospital of Nice, 06-003 Nice, France; Department of Clinical Chemistry (S.J.B., H.H.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, University Hospital of Lausanne, Vaudois, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
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Kobashigawa J, Moriguchi J, Reinsmoen N, Kittleson M, Yu Z, Liou F, Ngan A, Runyan C, Henry H, Chang D, Czer L, Arabia F. Sensitized VADs vs. Sensitized Non-VADs: Is There an Immunological Difference? J Heart Lung Transplant 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2014.01.823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Sobhi HR, Henry H, Bruce SJ, Esrafili A, Rochat B. SIMPLE MEASUREMENT OF TESTOSTERONE IN MALE SALIVA SAMPLES USING DISPERSIVE LIQUID–LIQUID MICROEXTRACTION FOLLOWED BY LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY–TANDEM MASS SPECTROMETRY DETECTION. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2013.789799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Reza Sobhi
- a Department of Chemistry , Payame Noor University , Tehran , Iran
| | - Hugues Henry
- b Department of Clinical Chemistry , University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV) , Lausanne , Switzerland
| | - Stephen J. Bruce
- b Department of Clinical Chemistry , University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV) , Lausanne , Switzerland
- c Quantitative Mass Spectrometry Facility , University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV) , Lausanne , Switzerland
| | - Ali Esrafili
- d Department of Environmental Health Engineering , School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Bertrand Rochat
- c Quantitative Mass Spectrometry Facility , University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV) , Lausanne , Switzerland
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Henry H, Adda-Bedia M. Fractographic aspects of crack branching instability using a phase-field model. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2013; 88:060401. [PMID: 24483370 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.88.060401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A phase-field model of a crack front propagating in a three-dimensional brittle material is used to study the fractographic patterns induced by the branching instability. The numerical results of this model give rise to crack surfaces that are similar to those obtained in various experimental situations. Depending on applied loading configurations and initial conditions, we show that the branching instability is either restricted to a portion of the crack front or revealed through quasi-two-dimensional branches. For the former, the crack front leaves on the main broken surface either aligned or disordered parabolic marks. For the latter, fractography reveals the so called échelon cracks showing that branching instability can also induce crack front fragmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Henry
- Physique de la Matière Condensée, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, 91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - M Adda-Bedia
- Laboratoire de Physique Statistique, Ecole Normale Supérieure, UPMC Paris 6, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France
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Bruce SJ, Rochat B, Béguin A, Pesse B, Guessous I, Boulat O, Henry H. Analysis and quantification of vitamin D metabolites in serum by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry and high-resolution mass spectrometry--a method comparison and validation. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 2013; 27:200-206. [PMID: 23239334 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.6439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2012] [Revised: 10/12/2012] [Accepted: 10/12/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE The aim of the work was to develop and validate a method for the quantification of vitamin D metabolites in serum using ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (LC/MS), and to validate a high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC/HRMS) approach against a tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) approach using a large clinical sample set. METHODS A fast, accurate and reliable method for the quantification of the vitamin D metabolites, 25-hydroxyvitamin D2 (25OH-D2) and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25OH-D3), in human serum was developed and validated. The C3 epimer of 25OH-D3 (3-epi-25OH-D3) was also separated from 25OH-D3. The samples were rapidly prepared via a protein precipitation step followed by solid-phase extraction (SPE) using an HLB μelution plate. Quantification was performed using both LC/MS/MS and LC/HRMS systems. RESULTS Recovery, matrix effect, inter- and intra-day reproducibility were assessed. Lower limits of quantification (LLOQs) were determined for both 25OH-D2 and 25OH-D3 for the LC/MS/MS approach (6.2 and 3.4 µg/L, respectively) and the LC/HRMS approach (2.1 and 1.7 µg/L, respectively). A Passing & Bablok fit was determined between both approaches for 25OH-D3 on 662 clinical samples (1.11 + 1.06x). It was also shown that results can be affected by the inclusion of the isomer 3-epi-25OH-D3. CONCLUSIONS Quantification of the relevant vitamin D metabolites was successfully developed and validated here. It was shown that LC/HRMS is an accurate, powerful and easy to use approach for quantification within clinical laboratories. Finally, the results here suggest that it is important to separate 3-epi-25OH-D3 from 25OH-D3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen J Bruce
- Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital of Lausanne, CHUV (Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois), Route du Bugnon 46, 1011, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Jafari P, Braissant O, Zavadakova P, Henry H, Bonafé L, Ballhausen D. Ammonium accumulation and cell death in a rat 3D brain cell model of glutaric aciduria type I. PLoS One 2013; 8:e53735. [PMID: 23326493 PMCID: PMC3542363 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0053735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2012] [Accepted: 12/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Glutaric aciduria type I (glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency) is an inborn error of metabolism that usually manifests in infancy by an acute encephalopathic crisis and often results in permanent motor handicap. Biochemical hallmarks of this disease are elevated levels of glutarate and 3-hydroxyglutarate in blood and urine. The neuropathology of this disease is still poorly understood, as low lysine diet and carnitine supplementation do not always prevent brain damage, even in early-treated patients. We used a 3D in vitro model of rat organotypic brain cell cultures in aggregates to mimic glutaric aciduria type I by repeated administration of 1 mM glutarate or 3-hydroxyglutarate at two time points representing different developmental stages. Both metabolites were deleterious for the developing brain cells, with 3-hydroxyglutarate being the most toxic metabolite in our model. Astrocytes were the cells most strongly affected by metabolite exposure. In culture medium, we observed an up to 11-fold increase of ammonium in the culture medium with a concomitant decrease of glutamine. We further observed an increase in lactate and a concomitant decrease in glucose. Exposure to 3-hydroxyglutarate led to a significantly increased cell death rate. Thus, we propose a three step model for brain damage in glutaric aciduria type I: (i) 3-OHGA causes the death of astrocytes, (ii) deficiency of the astrocytic enzyme glutamine synthetase leads to intracerebral ammonium accumulation, and (iii) high ammonium triggers secondary death of other brain cells. These unexpected findings need to be further investigated and verified in vivo. They suggest that intracerebral ammonium accumulation might be an important target for the development of more effective treatment strategies to prevent brain damage in patients with glutaric aciduria type I.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paris Jafari
- Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Molecular Pediatrics, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Olivier Braissant
- Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Biomedicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Petra Zavadakova
- Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Molecular Pediatrics, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Hugues Henry
- Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Biomedicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Luisa Bonafé
- Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Molecular Pediatrics, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Diana Ballhausen
- Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Molecular Pediatrics, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
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Jafari P, Braissant O, Zavadakova P, Henry H, Bonafé L, Ballhausen D. Brain damage in methylmalonic aciduria: 2-methylcitrate induces cerebral ammonium accumulation and apoptosis in 3D organotypic brain cell cultures. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2013; 8:4. [PMID: 23298464 PMCID: PMC3567978 DOI: 10.1186/1750-1172-8-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2012] [Accepted: 01/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Methylmalonic aciduria is an inborn error of metabolism characterized by accumulation of methylmalonate (MMA), propionate and 2-methylcitrate (2-MCA) in body fluids. Early diagnosis and current treatment strategies aimed at limiting the production of these metabolites are only partially effective in preventing neurological damage. METHODS To explore the metabolic consequences of methylmalonic aciduria on the brain, we used 3D organotypic brain cell cultures from rat embryos. We challenged the cultures at two different developmental stages with 1 mM MMA, propionate or 2-MCA applied 6 times every 12 h. In a dose-response experiment cultures were challenged with 0.01, 0.1, 0.33 and 1 mM 2-MCA. Immunohistochemical staining for different brain cell markers were used to assess cell viability, morphology and differentiation. Significant changes were validated by western blot analysis. Biochemical markers were analyzed in culture media. Apoptosis was studied by immunofluorescence staining and western blots for activated caspase-3. RESULTS Among the three metabolites tested, 2-MCA consistently produced the most pronounced effects. Exposure to 2-MCA caused morphological changes in neuronal and glial cells already at 0.01 mM. At the biochemical level the most striking result was a significant ammonium increase in culture media with a concomitant glutamine decrease. Dose-response studies showed significant and parallel changes of ammonium and glutamine starting from 0.1 mM 2-MCA. An increased apoptosis rate was observed by activation of caspase-3 after exposure to at least 0.1 mM 2-MCA. CONCLUSION Surprisingly, 2-MCA, and not MMA, seems to be the most toxic metabolite in our in vitro model leading to delayed axonal growth, apoptosis of glial cells and to unexpected ammonium increase. Morphological changes were already observed at 2-MCA concentrations as low as 0.01 mM. Increased apoptosis and ammonium accumulation started at 0.1 mM thus suggesting that ammonium accumulation is secondary to cell suffering and/or cell death. Local accumulation of ammonium in CNS, that may remain undetected in plasma and urine, may therefore play a key role in the neuropathogenesis of methylmalonic aciduria both during acute decompensations and in chronic phases. If confirmed in vivo, this finding might shift the current paradigm and result in novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paris Jafari
- Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Molecular Pediatrics, Lausanne University Hospital, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
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Andreux PA, Williams EG, Koutnikova H, Houtkooper RH, Champy MF, Henry H, Schoonjans K, Williams RW, Auwerx J. Systems genetics of metabolism: the use of the BXD murine reference panel for multiscalar integration of traits. Cell 2012; 150:1287-99. [PMID: 22939713 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2012.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2012] [Revised: 06/06/2012] [Accepted: 08/03/2012] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic homeostasis is achieved by complex molecular and cellular networks that differ significantly among individuals and are difficult to model with genetically engineered lines of mice optimized to study single gene function. Here, we systematically acquired metabolic phenotypes by using the EUMODIC EMPReSS protocols across a large panel of isogenic but diverse strains of mice (BXD type) to study the genetic control of metabolism. We generated and analyzed 140 classical phenotypes and deposited these in an open-access web service for systems genetics (www.genenetwork.org). Heritability, influence of sex, and genetic modifiers of traits were examined singly and jointly by using quantitative-trait locus (QTL) and expression QTL-mapping methods. Traits and networks were linked to loci encompassing both known variants and novel candidate genes, including alkaline phosphatase (ALPL), here linked to hypophosphatasia. The assembled and curated phenotypes provide key resources and exemplars that can be used to dissect complex metabolic traits and disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pénélope A Andreux
- Laboratory of Integrative and Systems Physiology, School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
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Henry H, Sobhi HR, Scheibner O, Bromirski M, Nimkar SB, Rochat B. Comparison between a high-resolution single-stage Orbitrap and a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer for quantitative analyses of drugs. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 2012; 26:499-509. [PMID: 22302489 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.6121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The capabilities of a high-resolution (HR), accurate mass spectrometer (Exactive-MS) operating in full scan MS mode was investigated for the quantitative LC/MS analysis of drugs in patients' plasma samples. A mass resolution of 50,000 (FWHM) at m/z 200 and a mass extracted window of 5 ppm around the theoretical m/z of each analyte were used to construct chromatograms for quantitation. The quantitative performance of the Exactive-MS was compared with that of a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer (TQ-MS), TSQ Quantum Discovery or Quantum Ultra, operating in the conventional selected reaction monitoring (SRM) mode. The study consisted of 17 therapeutic drugs including 8 antifungal agents (anidulafungin, caspofungin, fluconazole, itraconazole, hydroxyitraconazole posaconazole, voriconazole and voriconazole-N-oxide), 4 immunosuppressants (ciclosporine, everolimus, sirolimus and tacrolimus) and 5 protein kinase inhibitors (dasatinib, imatinib, nilotinib, sorafenib and sunitinib). The quantitative results obtained with HR-MS acquisition show comparable detection specificity, assay precision, accuracy, linearity and sensitivity to SRM acquisition. Importantly, HR-MS offers several benefits over TQ-MS technology: absence of SRM optimization, time saving when changing the analysis from one MS to another, more complete information of what is in the samples and easier troubleshooting. Our work demonstrates that U/HPLC coupled to Exactive HR-MS delivers comparable results to TQ-MS in routine quantitative drug analyses. Considering the advantages of HR-MS, these results suggest that, in the near future, there should be a shift in how routine quantitative analyses of small molecules, particularly for therapeutic drugs, are performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugues Henry
- Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital of Lausanne; CHUV, 1011, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Jaunin F, Henry H, Richter H, Collet Y, Hofer RM, Widmer F. Immunolocalization of glyoxysomal malate synthase from soybean cotyledons (Glycine max L). Biol Cell 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/0248-4900(96)89936-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Henry H, Marmy Conus N, Steenhout P, Béguin A, Boulat O. Sensitive determination of D-lactic acid and L-lactic acid in urine by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Biomed Chromatogr 2011; 26:425-8. [PMID: 21842515 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.1681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2011] [Revised: 06/20/2011] [Accepted: 06/21/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
D-lactic acid in urine originates mainly from bacterial production in the intestinal tract. Increased D-lactate excretion as observed in patients affected by short bowel syndrome or necrotizing enterocolitis reflects D-lactic overproduction. Therefore, there is a need for a reliable and sensitive method able to detect D-lactic acid even at subclinical elevation levels. A new and highly sensitive method for the simultaneous determination of L- and D-lactic acid by a two-step procedure has been developed. This method is based on the concentration of lactic acid enantiomers from urine by supported liquid extraction followed by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The separation was achieved by the use of an Astec Chirobiotic™ R chiral column under isocratic conditions. The calibration curves were linear over the ranges of 2-400 and 0.5-100 µmol/L respectively for L- and D-lactic acid. The limit of detection of D-lactic acid was 0.125 µmol/L and its limit of quantification was 0.5 µmol/L. The overall accuracy and precision were well within 10% of the nominal values. The developed method is suitable for production of reference values in children and could be applied for accurate routine analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Henry
- Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University of Lausanne, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland.
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Kuemmerle A, Yan H, Krueger T, Buclin T, Braissant O, Henry H, Ris HB, Decosterd LA. P-glycoprotein modulation by valspodar and cyclosporin does not increase tumor uptake of doxorubicin administered via isolated lung perfusion to rats bearing sarcoma lung metastases. Anticancer Res 2011; 31:2121-2128. [PMID: 21737631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Isolated lung perfusion (ILP) with doxorubicin allows a regional increase in drug exposure while sparing unaffected tissues, but clinical results have so far been disappointing, presumably in part because of the limited tumor penetration of doxorubicin. The aim of this study was to assess whether tumor uptake of doxorubicin, administered locoregionally by ILP, would be increased by the administration of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) modulators. MATERIALS AND METHODS Single-pass antegrade ILP (A-ILP) was performed with doxorubicin in rats bearing a pulmonary sarcoma nodule which were either untreated or received P-gp inhibitors cyclosporin, valspodar or the vehicle, Cremophor®, only. Doxorubicin concentrations in tumor, lung and effluent were measured by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled to spectrofluorimetric detection and the expression of P-gp was examined by Western blot in tumors and lungs. RESULTS Doxorubicin concentrations in tumors were 5- to 10-fold lower than those measured in lungs tissues. Doxorubicin penetration in tumors, expressed as tumor retention ratios (TR60min), were not different between the groups. Western blot analysis did not show any evidence of baseline or doxorubicin-induced P-gp expression in the tumor model. CONCLUSION P-gp modulation with cyclosporin or valspodar fails to increase the tumor uptake of doxorubin administered by A-ILP. Other reasons for low doxorubicin penetration in tumor, such as high interstitial fluid pressure or tumor vasculature barrier, or alternate cell membrane drug transporters, need to be examined for a better understanding of impaired doxorubicin delivery to tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Kuemmerle
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University Hospital, BH18-218, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
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