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Ahmad I, El-Boghdadly K. Time for confidential enquiries into airway complications? Anaesthesia 2024; 79:349-352. [PMID: 38114266 DOI: 10.1111/anae.16210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- I Ahmad
- Department of Anaesthesia and Peri-operative Medicine, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- King's College London, London, UK
| | - K El-Boghdadly
- Department of Anaesthesia and Peri-operative Medicine, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- King's College London, London, UK
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Silalahi CN, Yasin A, Chen ME, Ahmad I, Neoh KB. Behavioral responses and life history traits of Taiwanese and Indonesian populations of Aedes aegypti surviving deltamethrin-clothianidin treatment. Parasit Vectors 2024; 17:117. [PMID: 38454517 PMCID: PMC10921677 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-024-06189-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Indoor residual spraying (IRS) capitalizes on the natural behavior of mosquitoes because Aedes aegypti commonly seeks indoor resting sites after a blood meal. This behavior allows mosquitoes to be exposed to insecticide-treated surfaces and subsequently killed. Combinations of deltamethrin and clothianidin with different modes of action have shown promise in IRS, effectively targeting both susceptible and pyrethroid-resistant malaria vectors. However, the effects of this approach on Aedes mosquitoes remain unclear. The present study tested the effects of deltamethrin-clothianidin mixture treatment on behavioral responses and life history traits of Taiwanese and Indonesian populations of Ae. aegypti. METHODS We adopted an excito-repellent approach to explore the behavioral responses of pyrethroid-resistant Ae. aegypti populations from Indonesia and Taiwan to a deltamethrin-clothianidin mixture used in contact irritancy and non-contact repellency treatments. We further evaluated the life history traits of surviving mosquitoes (i.e., delayed mortality after 7-day post-treatment, longevity, fecundity, and egg hatching) and investigated the potential transgenerational hormetic effects of insecticide exposure (i.e., development rate and survival of immatures and adult mosquitos). RESULTS All tested field populations of Ae. aegypti displayed strong contact irritancy responses; the percentage of escape upon insecticide exposure ranged from 38.8% to 84.7%. However, repellent effects were limited, with the escape percentage ranging from 4.3% to 48.9%. We did not observe immediate knockdown or mortality after 24 h, and less than 15% of the mosquitoes exhibited delayed mortality after a 7-day exposure period. However, the carryover effects of insecticide exposure on the survival of immature mosquitoes resulted in approximately 25% higher immature mortality than that in the control. By contrast, we further documented stimulated survivor reproduction and accelerated transgenerational immature development resulting from the sublethal effects of the insecticide mixture. In particular, the number of eggs laid by treated (both treatments) female mosquitoes increased by at least 60% compared with that of eggs laid by control female mosquitoes. CONCLUSIONS IRS with deltamethrin-clothianidin effectively deters Aedes mosquitoes from entering residential areas and thereby reduces mosquito bites. However, the application rate (deltamethrin: 25 mg/m2; clothianidin: 200 mg/m2) may be insufficient to effectively kill Aedes mosquitoes. Insecticide response appears to vary across mosquito species; their behavioral and physiological responses to sublethal doses have crucial implications for mosquito control programs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aqsa Yasin
- Department of Entomology, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Rd., 402, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Er Chen
- Department of Entomology, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Rd., 402, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Intan Ahmad
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, West Java, 40132, Indonesia
| | - Kok-Boon Neoh
- Department of Entomology, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Rd., 402, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Neoh KB, Bong LJ, Silalahi CN, Panthawong A, Chareonviriyaphap T, Ahmad I. Life-history traits of Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus) distributed across a latitudinal range of 23 °N-6 °S. J Med Entomol 2024:tjae025. [PMID: 38408179 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjae025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
The growth and associated traits of Aedes aegypti (L.) mosquitoes may adapt and evolve in response to the costs associated with body size in relation to latitudinal variation. We analyzed the life-history traits and energy reserves of field-collected mosquitoes from Taiwan, Thailand, and Indonesia along a latitudinal range spanning from 23°N to 6°S. A U-shaped relationship between body size and latitude was observed. Our study demonstrated the role of latitudinal temperature variations in determining the body size patterns of Ae. aegypti. Notably, the body size of the northern populations (from Taiwan) was significantly larger than those of the tropical populations from Thailand and Indonesia. Models have demonstrated that regional precipitation levels may contribute to body trait variations in certain high-latitude populations in Thailand. However, Indonesian populations have high development rates and large body sizes, indicating the involvement of other physiological traits in determining mosquito body size. The reproductive output of the adult females in this study was positively correlated with body size, but our measure of longevity did not covary significantly with the body size. By contrast, the reproductive output of mosquito-tested populations was in inverse proportion to longevity. Additionally, the mean teneral glycogen levels in the Indonesian and Thai populations were 2.5 times higher than those in the Taiwanese populations. The Indonesian and Thai populations had low mean generation and doubling times, resulting in a high intrinsic rate of increase compared with that of the Taiwanese populations, despite the Taiwanese populations having the highest net reproduction rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kok-Boon Neoh
- Department of Entomology, National Chung Hsing University, 402 Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Lee-Jin Bong
- Department of Entomology, National Chung Hsing University, 402 Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | - Amonrat Panthawong
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | | | - Intan Ahmad
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, West Java 40132, Indonesia
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Arif H, Ashraf R, Khan F, Khattak YR, Nisar H, Ahmad I. Total temporomandibular joint reconstruction prosthesis in hemifacial microsomia: A systematic review. Orthod Craniofac Res 2024; 27:15-26. [PMID: 37533308 DOI: 10.1111/ocr.12695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Hypoplastic asymmetry due to hemifacial microsomia (HFM) often represents the most difficult reconstruction in the craniomaxillofacial clinic. Although autogenous grafts are generally used for temporomandibular joint reconstruction (TMJR), the use of TMJR prostheses is not well established. The aim of this review was to identify, collect and analyse the use of extended TMJR (eTMJR) prostheses in patients with HFM, describing clinical features, surgical procedures and postoperative complications. Online searches of all major databases were performed according to PRISMA guidelines. All studies with HFM patients treated with the eTMJR prostheses were included. Descriptive statistics were used for data analysis. A total of 19 studies, including 08 case studies, 06 case series and 05 retrospective cohort studies, met the inclusion criteria, where a total of 42 HFM patients were reported from 18 countries, mostly from the United States (05; 26%). Fifteen of the 42 cases (~36%) were male. The mean ± SD (range) age of patients in all studies was 19.79 ± 5.81 (9-36) years. The mean ± SD (range) of patient follow-up was 41.30 ± 35.50 (6-136) months. A total of 5 (10.6%) patients were implanted with bilateral eTMJR prostheses. The Pruzansky classification was used in 18 (~89.5%) studies, OMENS classification in 01 (~5%) study, whereas no classification was reported in one study. Only 01 (7.1%) study had documented the eTMJR classification for the prosthesis used. In growing patients with or without a history of failed autogenous tissues, TMJR prostheses may provide a viable alternative. Randomized studies with large cohorts are warranted to validate these preliminary results.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Arif
- Nishtar Hospital, Multan, Pakistan
| | - R Ashraf
- Nishtar Hospital, Multan, Pakistan
| | - F Khan
- Services Institute of Medical Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Y R Khattak
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - H Nisar
- Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - I Ahmad
- Institute of Radiotherapy and Nuclear Medicine (IRNUM), Peshawar, Pakistan
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Wahid NW, Deutsch P, Amlani A, Gupta KK, Griffiths H, Ahmad I. Bedside open tracheostomy in COVID-19 patients - a safe and swift approach. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2023:26326. [PMID: 37992143 DOI: 10.4317/medoral.26326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tracheostomy can be performed as an open surgical procedure, percutaneous, or hybrid and forms an important step in the management of patients infected with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) requiring weaning from mechanical ventilation. The purpose of this article is to share our experience to performing bedside surgical tracheostomy in COVID-19 patients in a safe and effective manner, whilst minimising the risk of viral transmission, to optimise patient outcomes and reduce risk to healthcare professionals. MATERIAL AND METHODS As recommended by ENT UK, we prospectively established a COVID Airway Team within the ENT department at Birmingham Heartlands Hospital, consisting of four head and neck consultant surgeons to perform either open-bedside, open-theatre or percutaneous tracheostomy in COVID-19 patients. A specific stepwise method for bedside open surgical tracheostomy was based on ENT UK and British Laryngological Society recommendations. RESULTS Thirty patients underwent tracheostomy during the study period (14 bedside-open, 5 open-theatre, 11 percutaneous). Mean duration of mechanical intubation prior to bedside-open tracheostomy was 14.5 days. The average time for open-bedside tracheostomy was 9 minutes compared to 31 minutes for open-theatre. There were no significant tracheostomy related complications with bedside-open tracheostomy. No healthcare professional involved reported acute COVID-19 infection. CONCLUSIONS We describe our effective, safe and swift approach to bedside open tracheostomy during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our experience demonstrated a short mean procedural time, with no tracheostomy-related complications and no reported viral transmission amongst the healthcare members involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- N-W Wahid
- Birmingham Heartlands Hospital B9 5SS, Bordesley Green East Birmingham, United Kingdom
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Gunara NP, Joelianto E, Ahmad I. Identification of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus eggs based on image processing and elliptic fourier analysis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:17395. [PMID: 37833335 PMCID: PMC10576056 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-28510-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Dengue hemorrhagic fever is a worldwide epidemic caused by dengue virus and spread by infected female mosquitoes. The two main mosquito species vectors of the dengue virus are Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. Conventionally, the identification of these two species' egg is time-consuming which makes vector control more difficult. However, although attempts on efficiency improvements by providing automatic identification have been conducted, the earliest stage is at the larval stage. In addition, there are currently no studies on classifying to distinguish the two vectors during the egg stage based on their digital image. A total of 140 egg images of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus were collected and validated by rearing them individually to become adult mosquitoes. Image processing and elliptic Fourier analysis were carried out to extract and describe the shape difference of the two vectors' eggs. Machine learning algorithms were then used to classify the shape signatures. Morphometrically, the two species' eggs were significantly different, which Aedes albopictus were smaller in size. Egg-shape contour reconstructions of principal components and Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) revealed that there is a significant difference (p value [Formula: see text]) in shape between two species' eggs at the posterior end. Based on Wilk's lambda of the MANOVA results, the classification could be done using only the first 3 principal components. Classification of the test data yielded an accuracy of 85.00% and F1 score 84.21% with Linear Discriminant Analysis applying default hyperparameter. Alternatively, k-Nearest Neighbors with optimal hyperparameter yielded a higher classification result with 87.50% and 87.18% of accuracy and F1 score, respectively. These results demonstrate that the proposed method can be used to classify Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus eggs based on their digital image. This method provides a foundation for improving the identification and surveillance of the two vectors and decision making in developing vector control strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikko Prayudi Gunara
- Instrumentation and Control Master Program, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
| | - Endra Joelianto
- Instrumentation and Control Research Group, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia.
| | - Intan Ahmad
- Biological Resource Management Research Group, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
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Mohamed H, Hkiri K, Botha N, Cloete K, Azizi S, Ahmed AAQ, Morad R, Motlamane T, Krief A, Gibaud A, Henini M, Chaker M, Ahmad I, Maaza M. Room temperature bio-engineered multifunctional carbonates for CO 2 sequestration and valorization. Sci Rep 2023; 13:16783. [PMID: 37798317 PMCID: PMC10556044 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42905-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This contribution reports, for the first time, on an entirely green bio-engineering approach for the biosynthesis of single phase crystalline 1-D nano-scaled calcite CaCO3. This was validated using H2O as the universal solvent and natural extract of Hyphaene thebaica fruit as an effective chelating agent. In this room temperature green process, CaCl2 and CO2 are used as the unique source of Ca and CO3 respectively in view of forming nano-scaled CaCO3 with a significant shape anisotropy and an elevated surface to volume ratio. In terms of novelty, and relatively to the reported scientific and patented literature in relation to the fabrication of CaCO3 by green nano-chemistry, the current cost effective room temperature green process can be singled out as per the following specificities: only water as universal solvent is used, No additional base or acid chemicals for pH control, No additional catalyst, No critical or supercritical CO2 usage conditions, Only natural extract of thebaica as a green effective chelating agent through its phytochemicals and proper enzematic compounds, room Temperature processing, atmospheric pressure processing, Nanoscaled size particles, and Nanoparticles with a significant shape anisotropy (1-D like nanoparticles). Beyond and in addition to the validation of the 1-D synthesis aspect, the bio-engineered CaCO3 exhibited a wide-ranging functionalities in terms of highly reflecting pigment, an effective nanofertilizer as well as a potential binder in cement industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Mohamed
- UNESCO-UNISA Africa Chair in Nanosciences-Nanotechnology, College of Graduate Studies, University of South Africa, Muckleneuk Ridge, PO Box 392, Pretoria, South Africa
- Nanosciences African Network (NANOAFNET), Materials Research Department, iThemba LABS-National Research Foundation of South Africa, 1 Old Faure Road, Somerset West, PO Box 722, Cape Town, 7129, Western Cape, South Africa
- College of Graduate Studies, University of South Africa, PRETORIA, South Africa
| | - K Hkiri
- UNESCO-UNISA Africa Chair in Nanosciences-Nanotechnology, College of Graduate Studies, University of South Africa, Muckleneuk Ridge, PO Box 392, Pretoria, South Africa
- Nanosciences African Network (NANOAFNET), Materials Research Department, iThemba LABS-National Research Foundation of South Africa, 1 Old Faure Road, Somerset West, PO Box 722, Cape Town, 7129, Western Cape, South Africa
| | - N Botha
- UNESCO-UNISA Africa Chair in Nanosciences-Nanotechnology, College of Graduate Studies, University of South Africa, Muckleneuk Ridge, PO Box 392, Pretoria, South Africa
- Nanosciences African Network (NANOAFNET), Materials Research Department, iThemba LABS-National Research Foundation of South Africa, 1 Old Faure Road, Somerset West, PO Box 722, Cape Town, 7129, Western Cape, South Africa
| | - K Cloete
- UNESCO-UNISA Africa Chair in Nanosciences-Nanotechnology, College of Graduate Studies, University of South Africa, Muckleneuk Ridge, PO Box 392, Pretoria, South Africa
- Nanosciences African Network (NANOAFNET), Materials Research Department, iThemba LABS-National Research Foundation of South Africa, 1 Old Faure Road, Somerset West, PO Box 722, Cape Town, 7129, Western Cape, South Africa
| | - Sh Azizi
- UNESCO-UNISA Africa Chair in Nanosciences-Nanotechnology, College of Graduate Studies, University of South Africa, Muckleneuk Ridge, PO Box 392, Pretoria, South Africa
- Nanosciences African Network (NANOAFNET), Materials Research Department, iThemba LABS-National Research Foundation of South Africa, 1 Old Faure Road, Somerset West, PO Box 722, Cape Town, 7129, Western Cape, South Africa
| | - A A Q Ahmed
- UNESCO-UNISA Africa Chair in Nanosciences-Nanotechnology, College of Graduate Studies, University of South Africa, Muckleneuk Ridge, PO Box 392, Pretoria, South Africa
- Nanosciences African Network (NANOAFNET), Materials Research Department, iThemba LABS-National Research Foundation of South Africa, 1 Old Faure Road, Somerset West, PO Box 722, Cape Town, 7129, Western Cape, South Africa
| | - R Morad
- UNESCO-UNISA Africa Chair in Nanosciences-Nanotechnology, College of Graduate Studies, University of South Africa, Muckleneuk Ridge, PO Box 392, Pretoria, South Africa
- Nanosciences African Network (NANOAFNET), Materials Research Department, iThemba LABS-National Research Foundation of South Africa, 1 Old Faure Road, Somerset West, PO Box 722, Cape Town, 7129, Western Cape, South Africa
| | - Th Motlamane
- UNESCO-UNISA Africa Chair in Nanosciences-Nanotechnology, College of Graduate Studies, University of South Africa, Muckleneuk Ridge, PO Box 392, Pretoria, South Africa
- Nanosciences African Network (NANOAFNET), Materials Research Department, iThemba LABS-National Research Foundation of South Africa, 1 Old Faure Road, Somerset West, PO Box 722, Cape Town, 7129, Western Cape, South Africa
| | - A Krief
- UNESCO-UNISA Africa Chair in Nanosciences-Nanotechnology, College of Graduate Studies, University of South Africa, Muckleneuk Ridge, PO Box 392, Pretoria, South Africa
- Nanosciences African Network (NANOAFNET), Materials Research Department, iThemba LABS-National Research Foundation of South Africa, 1 Old Faure Road, Somerset West, PO Box 722, Cape Town, 7129, Western Cape, South Africa
- Chemistry Department (CMI Laboratory), University of Namur, 2 Rue Joseph Grafé, 5000, Namur, Belgium
| | - A Gibaud
- UNESCO-UNISA Africa Chair in Nanosciences-Nanotechnology, College of Graduate Studies, University of South Africa, Muckleneuk Ridge, PO Box 392, Pretoria, South Africa
- Nanosciences African Network (NANOAFNET), Materials Research Department, iThemba LABS-National Research Foundation of South Africa, 1 Old Faure Road, Somerset West, PO Box 722, Cape Town, 7129, Western Cape, South Africa
- IMMM, UMR 6283 CNRS, University of Le Maine, Bd O. Messiaen, 72085, Le Mans Cedex 09, France
| | - M Henini
- UNESCO-UNISA Africa Chair in Nanosciences-Nanotechnology, College of Graduate Studies, University of South Africa, Muckleneuk Ridge, PO Box 392, Pretoria, South Africa
- Nanosciences African Network (NANOAFNET), Materials Research Department, iThemba LABS-National Research Foundation of South Africa, 1 Old Faure Road, Somerset West, PO Box 722, Cape Town, 7129, Western Cape, South Africa
- Physics and Astronomy Department, Nottingham University, Nottingham, NG7 2RD7, UK
| | - M Chaker
- UNESCO-UNISA Africa Chair in Nanosciences-Nanotechnology, College of Graduate Studies, University of South Africa, Muckleneuk Ridge, PO Box 392, Pretoria, South Africa
- Nanosciences African Network (NANOAFNET), Materials Research Department, iThemba LABS-National Research Foundation of South Africa, 1 Old Faure Road, Somerset West, PO Box 722, Cape Town, 7129, Western Cape, South Africa
- INRS-Energie et Matériaux, 1650 Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, QC, J3X 1S2, Canada
| | - I Ahmad
- UNESCO-UNISA Africa Chair in Nanosciences-Nanotechnology, College of Graduate Studies, University of South Africa, Muckleneuk Ridge, PO Box 392, Pretoria, South Africa
- Nanosciences African Network (NANOAFNET), Materials Research Department, iThemba LABS-National Research Foundation of South Africa, 1 Old Faure Road, Somerset West, PO Box 722, Cape Town, 7129, Western Cape, South Africa
- Experimental Physics Directorate (EPD), National Center for Physics, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - M Maaza
- UNESCO-UNISA Africa Chair in Nanosciences-Nanotechnology, College of Graduate Studies, University of South Africa, Muckleneuk Ridge, PO Box 392, Pretoria, South Africa.
- Nanosciences African Network (NANOAFNET), Materials Research Department, iThemba LABS-National Research Foundation of South Africa, 1 Old Faure Road, Somerset West, PO Box 722, Cape Town, 7129, Western Cape, South Africa.
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Bharal S, Rizvi MR, AlQahtani MM, Alajam RA, Sharma A, Ahmad I, Al-Otaibi ML, Alshehri MM, Ahmad MM, Shaphe MA, Ahmad I, Ahmad F, Miraj M, AlZhrani M, Alanazi AD, Shawky GM. Effectiveness of neck stabilization and Contrology training in comparison to conventional therapy amongst individuals with text neck syndrome. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2023; 27:8340-8349. [PMID: 37782151 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202309_33756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cell phones are carried by 79% of people between 18 and 44 years of age for nearly the entire day. Smartphone users spend an average of three hours/per day on their devices, whereas heavy smartphone users spend 8-10 hours/per day on their devices. Text neck is a dangerous disorder that can accelerate the degeneration of the spine. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of neck stabilization training vs. Contrology or Pilates training in individuals with Text Neck Syndrome. PATIENTS AND METHODS Participants (n=75) with a history of recurrent neck pain in the previous four months, having moderate pain (at least 4/10 on the numeric pain rating scale, NPRS), and constantly using mobile phones (>4 hours/day) were randomly allocated to one of three groups: a control group (neck isometric training) and two intervention groups (neck stabilization training and Contrology). They were assessed for craniovertebral angle (CVA), NPRS, and neck disability index (NDI) at baseline and at 4 weeks post-intervention. RESULTS There was a significant difference in the CVA, NPRS, and NDI among individuals with Text Neck Syndrome following intervention as compared to the control. Both the neck stabilization and Contrology training increased CVA and reduced neck pain and neck disability in individuals with Text Neck Syndrome. The two intervention groups showed similar effects in all the clinical outcome measures, suggesting almost equivalent effectiveness in the individuals with Text Neck Syndrome. CONCLUSIONS Neck stabilization seems to work better than Contrology training when it comes to increasing the craniovertebral angle, reducing pain intensity, and making it easier for individuals with Text Neck Syndrome to move their necks.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bharal
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Manav Rachna International Institute and Studies (MRIIRS), Faridabad, India.
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Iliff HA, Ahmad I, Woodford C. Comment on 'Utilising 3D printing in assessment of anticipated difficult airways': a response. Anaesth Rep 2023; 11:e12257. [PMID: 37859759 PMCID: PMC10583144 DOI: 10.1002/anr3.12257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- H. A. Iliff
- Aneurin Bevan University Health BoardNewportUK
- Health Education and Improvement WalesCardiffUK
| | - I. Ahmad
- Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation TrustLondonUK
- King's College LondonLondonUK
| | - C. Woodford
- Health Education and Improvement WalesCardiffUK
- Cardiff and Vale University Health BoardCardiffUK
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Umesh P, Chufal K, Ahmad I, Bajpai R, Miller A, Chowdhary R, Sharief M, Dekker A, Wee L, Ansari A, Gairola M. 58P Treatment combinations in non-driver mutated mNSCLC: A systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis. J Thorac Oncol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s1556-0864(23)00312-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
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Mariappan P, Johnston A, Trail M, Hamid S, Hollins G, Dreyer B, Ramsey S, Padovani L, Guerrero Enriquez J, Simpson H, Hasan R, Sharpe C, Thomas B, Bhatt J, Ahmad I, Nandwani G, Chaudhry A, Boden A, Khan R, Maresca G, Dimitropoulos K, Graham C, Hendry D. Can repeat TURBT in patients presenting with High Grade Ta Urothelial Carcinoma be more nuanced? Eur Urol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(23)00752-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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Chowdhary RL, Chufal KS, Pahuja AK, Ahmad I, Sharma M, Jwala M, Kumar L, Sharma A. An institutional review of treatment outcomes in extraosseous Ewing's sarcoma- the largest Asian experience. Cancer Radiother 2023; 27:50-56. [PMID: 35973914 DOI: 10.1016/j.canrad.2022.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To analyze the treatment strategies, outcomes and factors impacting these outcomes in extraosseous ewings sarcoma (EOES). MATERIAL AND METHODS A search of the hospital database yielded a total of 109 EOES patients registered in last 10 years out of which 25 patients were excluded from analysis due to incomplete medical records. Demographic and clinical characteristics were reported using descriptive statistics. Overall survival (OS) was taken from the time of diagnosis to death. Patients who were alive or lost to follow up were censored from the survival analysis. A total of 12 clinical and treatment related variables were taken into univariate analysis and those showing significance or a trend towards significance were taken up for multivariate analysis. Further a cluster analysis was done in a quest to find a subgroup which would have a better survival outcome as compared to other clusters. SPSS version 23 was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS Chest wall (n=26), lower extremity (n=22) and paraspinal area (n=14) were the common sites involved. Localised swelling (n=43) was the most common presenting symptom and the median time to presentation was 2 months. Overall survival of the entire cohort at 5 years was 52 percent. Stage at presentation had a significant impact (P value<0.001) on estimated median OS (localised 70 months versus 36 months in metastatic stage). Cluster analysis showed that, patients with localised stage at presentation, good response to chemotherapy, negative resection margin and no adjuvant RT had a median survival of 69 months. CONCLUSION Judicious use of trimodality treatment in EOES yields optimal results and it also adds significantly onto the scarce literature on this subtype of sarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- R L Chowdhary
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Center, New Delhi, India.
| | - K S Chufal
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Center, New Delhi, India
| | - A K Pahuja
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Center, New Delhi, India
| | - I Ahmad
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Center, New Delhi, India
| | - M Sharma
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Center, New Delhi, India
| | - M Jwala
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Center, New Delhi, India
| | - L Kumar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Center, New Delhi, India
| | - A Sharma
- Department of biostatistics, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Center, New Delhi, India
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13
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Taggart R, Ahmad I. Is active surveillance a safe option when prostate biopsies have reported low-grade disease? Eur Urol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(23)00338-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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14
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Al-Baradie RS, Abdel-Hadi A, Ahmad F, Alsagaby SA, Slevin M, Alturaiki W, Madkhali Y, Aljarallah BM, Alqahtani M, Miraj M, Ahmad I, Albaradie N, Albaradie R. Author Correction: Association of monomeric C-Reactive Protein (m-CRP) with hypothalamic neurons after CRP hippo-campal administration in a model of dementia. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2023; 27:443. [PMID: 36734699 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202301_31044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Correction to: European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences 2022; 26 (22): 8713-8718. DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202212_30543- PMID: 36524490-published online on December 15, 2022. After publication, the authors applied a correction to the funding statement: The authors extend their appreciation to the deputyship for Research & Innovation, Ministry of Education in Saudi Arabia for funding this research work through the project number (lFP-2020-36). There are amendments to this paper. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. https://www.europeanreview.org/article/30543.
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Affiliation(s)
- R S Al-Baradie
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Department of Physical Therapy and Health Rehabilitation, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Majmaah, Saudi Arabia
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15
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Iliff HA, Ahmad I, Evans S, Ingham J, Rees G, Woodford C. Utilising 3D printing in assessment of anticipated difficult airways. Anaesth Rep 2023; 11:e12232. [PMID: 37255967 PMCID: PMC10225466 DOI: 10.1002/anr3.12232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- H. A. Iliff
- Department of AnaesthesiaPrince Charles Hospital, Cwm Taf Morgannwg UHBWalesUK
| | - I. Ahmad
- Department of AnaesthesiaGuy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation TrustLondonUK
- Kings CollegeLondonUK
| | - S. Evans
- Department of Maxillofacial and Dental SurgeryPrince Charles Hospital, Cwm Taf Morgannwg UHBWalesUK
| | - J. Ingham
- Department of Maxillofacial and Dental SurgeryPrince Charles Hospital, Cwm Taf Morgannwg UHBWalesUK
| | - G. Rees
- Department of AnaesthesiaPrince Charles Hospital, Cwm Taf Morgannwg UHBWalesUK
| | - C. Woodford
- Department of AnaesthesiaPrince Charles Hospital, Cwm Taf Morgannwg UHBWalesUK
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16
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Potter T, Cronin JN, Kua J, Nurmi E, Wong DJN, Ahmad I, Cook TM, El-Boghdadly K. Aerosol precautions and airway complications: a national prospective multicentre cohort study. Anaesthesia 2023; 78:23-35. [PMID: 36070622 PMCID: PMC10087829 DOI: 10.1111/anae.15851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The perceived risk of transmission of aerosolised viral particles from patients to airway practitioners during the COVID-19 pandemic led to the widespread use of aerosol precautions, including personal protective equipment and modifications to anaesthetic technique. The risk of these aerosol precautions on peri-operative airway complications has not been assessed outside of simulation studies. This prospective, national, multicentre cohort study aimed to quantify this risk. Adult patients undergoing general anaesthesia for elective or emergency procedures over a 96-hour period were included. Data collected included use of aerosol precautions by the airway practitioner, airway complications and potential confounding variables. Mixed-effects logistic regression was used to assess the risk of individual aerosol precautions on overall and specific airway complications. Data from 5905 patients from 70 hospital sites were included. The rate of airway complications was 10.0% (95%CI 9.2-10.8%). Use of filtering facepiece class 2 or class 3 respirators was associated with an increased risk of airway complications (odds ratio 1.38, 95%CI 1.04-1.83), predominantly due to an association with difficult facemask ventilation (odds ratio 1.68, 95%CI 1.09-2.61) and desaturation on pulse oximetry (odds ratio 2.39, 95%CI 1.26-4.54). Use of goggles, powered air-purifying respirators, long-sleeved gowns, double gloves and videolaryngoscopy were not associated with any alteration in the risk of airway complications. Overall, the use of filtering facepiece class 2 or class 3 respirators was associated with an increased risk of airway complications, but most aerosol precautions used during the COVID-19 pandemic were not.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Potter
- Department of Anaesthesia and Peri-operative Medicine, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - J N Cronin
- Department of Anaesthesia and Peri-operative Medicine, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - J Kua
- Surgical Outcomes Research Centre, University College London, UK
| | - E Nurmi
- Department of Anaesthesia and Peri-operative Medicine, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - D J N Wong
- Department of Anaesthesia and Peri-operative Medicine, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - I Ahmad
- Department of Anaesthesia and Peri-operative Medicine, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.,King's College London, UK
| | - T M Cook
- Department of Anaesthesia, Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Bath, UK.,School of Medicine, University of Bristol, UK
| | - K El-Boghdadly
- Department of Anaesthesia and Peri-operative Medicine, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.,King's College London, UK
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17
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Al-Baradie RS, Abdel-Hadi A, Ahmad F, Alsagaby SA, Slevin M, Alturaiki W, Madkhali Y, Aljarallah BM, Alqahtani M, Miraj M, Ahmad I, Albaradie N, Albaradie R. Association of monomeric C-Reactive Protein (m-CRP) with hypothalamic neurons after CRP hippo-campal administration in a model of dementia. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2022; 26:8713-8718. [PMID: 36524490 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202212_30543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The ensuing ischemia due to the disruption of blood supply to the brain is one of the most common causes of stroke. Evidence suggests a clear association of the ischemic injury with vascular dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD). In response to the brain ischemia, a cascade reaction starts leading to neuronal damage due to oxidative stress and other inflammatory mediators. A pilot study was done, which showed that following stroke, monomeric-C-reactive protein (mCRP) is expressed in large quantities around the infarcted zone and this CRP is able to induce neurodegeneration and inflammation potentially perpetuating dementia. MATERIALS AND METHODS We examined both patient brain samples and excised mouse brain tissue, previously injected with 1.75 mg/mL mCRP into the CA1 area of the hippocampus through the stereotactic surgical procedures and followed them over a period of over 6 months. The distribution of mCRP was examined through immunohistochemistry (mouse anti-human mCRP-specific antibodies 8C10). RESULTS We observed a novel finding: those micro vessels close to the injection location were strongly stained with mCRP only in the mice that had been injected with mCRP, indicating that this small blood vessel can spread it throughout the brain. CONCLUSIONS mCRP found in the brain after a hemorrhagic stroke promotes damage over a large area via the induction of inflammation and degeneration of perivascular compartments.
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Affiliation(s)
- R S Al-Baradie
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Department of Physical Therapy and Health Rehabilitation, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Majmaah, Saudi Arabia.
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18
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Ahmad I, Wong DJN. Recognising oesophageal intubation. Anaesthesia 2022; 77:1321-1325. [DOI: 10.1111/anae.15894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- I. Ahmad
- Department of Anaesthesia and Peri‐operative Medicine Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust London UK
- King's College London UK
| | - D. J. N. Wong
- Department of Anaesthesia and Peri‐operative Medicine Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust London UK
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19
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Tibbo A, Hartley A, Hartley A, Mui E, Leung H, Ahmad I. MBTPS2 acts as a regulator of lipogenesis and cholesterol synthesis through SREBP signalling in prostate cancer. EUR UROL SUPPL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(22)01962-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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20
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Hartley A, Shaw R, Galbraith L, Tibbo A, Blyth K, Leung H, Ahmad I. Loss of ARID1A drives aggressive prostate cancer through aberrant cell cycle signalling. EUR UROL SUPPL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(22)01925-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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21
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Khan I, Ullah S, Khattak SK, Khan Z, Ahmad I, Khan A. Functional Outcome of Arthroscopic Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Using Hamstring Autograft with Fixation Using Endobutton at Femoral End and Bioabsorbable Screw at Tibial End. Mymensingh Med J 2022; 31:1142-1147. [PMID: 36189564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is the most frequently injured ligament of the knee. It can be repaired and reconstructed by open and endoscopic method, the gold standard is, however, endoscopic reconstruction. It is usually reconstructed using bone patellar tendon bone (BPTB) or Hamstring autograft. The graft is supported using endobutton at the femoral end while bioabsorbable interference screw at the tibial end. This study aimed to determine how a certain fixation procedure for quadrupled hamstring autografts worked out. This prospective observational study duration period was 1 year in which 40 patients with ACL injury were treated with arthroscopic reconstruction using hamstring autograft from January 2020 to December 2020 with 6 months follow up after surgery. On the femoral side, an endobutton was used to secure the graft, while the tibial end was secured using a bioabsorbable screw. The International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) scoring system was used for prospective evaluation. According to subjective IKDC scoring, 20(50.0%) results were very good, 14(35.0%) were good, 4(10.0%) were satisfactory and 2(5.0%) were bad. In 95.0% patients the state of knee joint is very good compared to preoperative state. Of all the 40 patients underwent ACL reconstruction, 38(95.0%) patients are satisfied with the results of the operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Khan
- Dr Imran Khan, Resident Orthopaedic Surgeon, Orthopaedics and Spine Unit, Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar, Pakistan
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22
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Ernawan B, Anggraeni T, Yusmalinar S, Sasmita HI, Fitrianto N, Ahmad I. Assessment of Compaction, Temperature, and Duration Factors for Packaging and Transporting of Sterile Male Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) under Laboratory Conditions. Insects 2022; 13:847. [PMID: 36135548 PMCID: PMC9501006 DOI: 10.3390/insects13090847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Optimized conditions for the packaging and transportation of sterile males are crucial factors in successful SIT programs against mosquito vector-borne diseases. The factors influencing the quality of sterile males in packages during transportation need to be assessed to develop standard protocols. This study was aimed to investigate the impact of compaction, temperature, and duration factors during packaging and transportation on the quality of gamma-sterilized male Ae. aegypti. Aedes aegypti males were sterilized at a dose of 70 Gy, compacted into Falcon tubes with densities of 40, 80, and 120 males/2 mL; and then exposed to temperatures of 7, 14, 21, and 28 °C. Each temperature setup was held for a duration of 3, 6, 12, 24, and 48 h at a 60 rpm constant vibration to simulate transportation. The parameters of mortality, flight ability, induced sterility, and longevity were investigated. Results showed that increases in density, temperature, and duration significantly increased mortality and reduced flight ability and longevity, but none of the factors significantly affected induced sterility. With a mortality rate of less than 20%, an escaping rate of more than 70%, considerable longevity, and the most negligible effect on induced sterility (approximately 98%), a temperature of 7 °C and a compaction density of 80 males/2 mL were shown to be optimized conditions for short-term transportation (no more than 24 h) with the minimum adverse effects compared with other condition setups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beni Ernawan
- Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB), School of Life Sciences and Technology, Jalan Ganesha No. 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
- Research Center for Radiation Process Technology, Research Organization for Nuclear Energy, National Research and Innovation Agency of Indonesia (BRIN), Jalan Lebak Bulus Raya No. 49, Jakarta 12440, Indonesia
| | - Tjandra Anggraeni
- Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB), School of Life Sciences and Technology, Jalan Ganesha No. 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
| | - Sri Yusmalinar
- Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB), School of Life Sciences and Technology, Jalan Ganesha No. 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
| | - Hadian Iman Sasmita
- Research Center for Radiation Process Technology, Research Organization for Nuclear Energy, National Research and Innovation Agency of Indonesia (BRIN), Jalan Lebak Bulus Raya No. 49, Jakarta 12440, Indonesia
| | - Nur Fitrianto
- Research Center for Radiation Process Technology, Research Organization for Nuclear Energy, National Research and Innovation Agency of Indonesia (BRIN), Jalan Lebak Bulus Raya No. 49, Jakarta 12440, Indonesia
| | - Intan Ahmad
- Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB), School of Life Sciences and Technology, Jalan Ganesha No. 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
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Chiradoni Thungappa S, Taran R, Singh J, Shrivastav S, Vithalani N, Mukherjee K, Nagarkar R, Maksud T, Mehta A, Srinivasan K, Vikranth M, Sonawane S, Ahmad A, Sheikh S, Ali S, Paithankar M, Rajani A, Bunger D, Khan M, Ahmad I. 246P Nanosomal paclitaxel lipid suspension demonstrates better tumor response and safety versus conventional paclitaxel in patients with metastatic breast cancer. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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24
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Sajayan A, Nair A, McNarry AF, Mir F, Ahmad I, El‐Boghdadly K. Analysis of a national difficult airway database. Anaesthesia 2022; 77:1081-1088. [DOI: 10.1111/anae.15820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Sajayan
- Department of Anaesthesia University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust Birmingham UK
| | - A. Nair
- Department of Anaesthesia University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust Birmingham UK
| | - A. F. McNarry
- Department of Anaesthesia Western General and St John's Hospitals Edinburgh UK
| | - F. Mir
- Department of Anaesthesia St Georges University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust London UK
| | - I. Ahmad
- Department of Anaesthesia and Peri‐operative Medicine Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust London UK
- King's College London London UK
| | - K. El‐Boghdadly
- Department of Anaesthesia and Peri‐operative Medicine Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust London UK
- King's College London London UK
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25
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Ahmad I, Lashari M. Effect of season and housing system on hematochemical attributes in rabbits of Southern Punjab, Pakistan. ARQ BRAS MED VET ZOO 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/1678-4162-12654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of season and housing system on hematochemical attributes of rabbits in Southern Punjab, Pakistan. Adult healthy rabbits (n=30) were divided into two groups of equal size (n=15). Group I was housed in a modern cage system and group II in traditional colony system for a period of one year. Blood samples of rabbits from both groups were collected in the summer and the winter seasons and analyzed for various hematochemical attributes. Hematochemical attributes including red blood cell (RBC) count, hematocrit (HCT), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), total white blood cell (WBC) count, mixed cells (MID), granulocytes (GRA), glucose and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were lowered significantly (P<0.05) in the summer in relation to the winter, while mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), creatinine, and cholesterol level were significantly (P<0.05) higher during the summer season. Biochemical attributes as cholesterol, triglycerides and globulin were significantly (P<0.05) lower in the caged rabbits. In conclusion, the summer season caused a significant decrease in most of the hematochemical attributes whereas housing system did not affect most of the hematochemical attributes of the rabbits under the climatic conditions of Southern Punjab, Pakistan.
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Affiliation(s)
- I. Ahmad
- The Islamia University Bahawalpur, Pakistan
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Affiliation(s)
- H. A. Iliff
- Welsh School of AnaesthesiaHealth Education and Improvement WalesNantgarwUK
- Department of AnaesthesiaPrince Charles HospitalCwm Taf Morgannwg UHBWalesUK
| | - T. Lawson
- Department of AnaesthesiaSwansea Bay University Health BoardSwanseaUK
| | - I. Ahmad
- Department of AnaesthesiaGuy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation TrustLondonUK
- King's College LondonLondonUK
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Amjed N, Naz A, Wajid A, Aslam M, Ahmad I. Nuclear model analysis and optimization of production data of the medically interesting 66,67,68 Ga via alpha induced reactions on 63,65 Cu targets. Appl Radiat Isot 2022; 188:110379. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2022.110379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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28
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Iliff HA, Ahmad I, Evans S, Ingham J, Rees G, Woodford C. Using virtual reality for difficult airway management planning. Anaesth Rep 2022; 10:e12175. [DOI: 10.1002/anr3.12175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- H. A. Iliff
- Department of Anaesthesia Prince Charles Hospital, Cwm Taf Morgannwg UHB Wales UK
- Welsh School of Anaesthesia Health Education and Improvement Wales UK
| | - I. Ahmad
- Department of Anaesthesia Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust London UK
- Kings College London London UK
| | - S. Evans
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Cwm Taf Morgannwg UHB Wales UK
| | - J. Ingham
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Cwm Taf Morgannwg UHB Wales UK
| | - G. Rees
- Department of Anaesthesia Cwm Taf Morgannwg UHB Wales UK
| | - C. Woodford
- Department of Anaesthesia Prince Charles Hospital, Cwm Taf Morgannwg UHB Wales UK
- Welsh School of Anaesthesia Health Education and Improvement Wales UK
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Silalahi CN, Tu WC, Chang NT, Singham GV, Ahmad I, Neoh KB. Insecticide Resistance Profiles and Synergism of Field Aedes aegypti from Indonesia. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2022; 16:e0010501. [PMID: 35666774 PMCID: PMC9203003 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0010501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Information on the insecticide resistance profiles of Aedes aegypti in Indonesia is fragmentary because of the lack of wide-area insecticide resistance surveillance. We collected Ae. aegypti from 32 districts and regencies in 27 Indonesian provinces and used WHO bioassays to evaluate their resistance to deltamethrin, permethrin, bendiocarb, and pirimiphos-methyl. To determine the possible resistance mechanisms of Ae. aegypti, synergism tests were conducted using piperonyl butoxide (PBO) and S,S,S-tributylphosphorotrithioates (DEF). The Ae. aegypti from all locations exhibited various levels of resistance to pyrethroids. Their resistance ratio (RR50) to permethrin and deltamethrin ranged from 4.08× to 127× and from 4.37× to 72.20×, respectively. In contrast with the findings of other studies, most strains from the highly urbanized cities on the island of Java (i.e., Banten, Jakarta, Bandung, Semarang, Yogyakarta, and Surabaya) exhibited low to moderate resistance to pyrethroids. By contrast, the strains collected from the less populated Kalimantan region exhibited very high resistance to pyrethroids. The possible reasons are discussed herein. Low levels of resistance to bendiocarb (RR50, 1.24–6.46×) and pirimiphos-methyl (RR50, 1.01–2.70×) were observed in all tested strains, regardless of locality. PBO and DEF synergists significantly increased the susceptibility of Ae. aegypti to permethrin and deltamethrin and reduced their resistance ratio to less than 16×. The synergism tests suggested the major involvement of cytochrome P450 monooxygenases and esterases in conferring pyrethroid resistance. On the basis of our results, we proposed a 6-month rotation of insecticides (deltamethrin + synergists ➝ bendiocarb ➝ permethrin + synergists ➝ pirimiphos-methyl) and the use of an insecticide mixture containing pyrethroid and pyrimiphos-methyl to control Ae. aegypti populations and overcome the challenge of widespread Ae. aegypti resistance to pyrethroid in Indonesia. Insecticide resistance is a major impediment to the successful management of vector-transmitted diseases because it increases the vector’s chances of surviving under insecticide treatment. In Indonesia, the implementation of insecticide resistance management at the national level is particularly challenging due to the vast area and regional disparities in terms of population, health, and socioeconomic status. Previous studies on determining insecticide resistance of Aedes mosquito only focused on several cities in some provinces of Indonesia, making resistance monitoring results difficult to interpret and arguably reflect the generality in Indonesia. To complicate the matter, data released by the Ministry of Agriculture of Indonesia in 2022 showed that approximately 82% of insecticides registered to control Ae. aegypti in Indonesia are pyrethroid-based products. Principally, we found that the synergists PBO and DEF significantly reduce the resistance of field Ae. aegypti from Indonesia toward permethrin and deltamethrin. Bendiocarb and pirimiphos-methyl remain highly toxic to the field strains of Ae. aegypti. We suggest the feasible choice of insecticide group for Ae. aegypti vector management based on the currently registered insecticide inventory. The finding also underscores the urgent need to approve other non-pyrethroid-based insecticides as alternative tools for reducing the risk of resistance development during an outbreak.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wu-Chun Tu
- Department of Entomology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Niann-Tai Chang
- Department of Plant Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - G. Veera Singham
- Centre for Chemical Biology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bayan Lepas, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Intan Ahmad
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia
- * E-mail: (IA); (KBN)
| | - Kok-Boon Neoh
- Department of Entomology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (IA); (KBN)
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Ahmad I, Shukrullah S, Naz M, Ahmad M, Ahmed E, Liu Y, Hussain A, Iqbal S, Ullah S. Recent advances and challenges in 2D/2D heterojunction photocatalysts for solar fuels applications. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 304:102661. [PMID: 35462267 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2022.102661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Although photocatalytic technology has emerged as an effective means of alleviating the projected future fuel crisis by converting sunlight directly into chemical energy, no visible-light-driven, low-cost, and highly stable photocatalyst has been developed to date. Due to considerably higher interfacial contact with numerous reactive sites, effective charge transmission and separation ability, and strong redox potentials, the focus has now shifted to 2D/2D heterojunction systems, which have exhibited effective photocatalytic performance. The fundamentals of 2D/2D photocatalysis for different applications and the classification of 2D/2D materials are first explained in this paper, followed by strategies to improve the photocatalytic performance of various 2D/2D heterojunction systems. Following that, current breakthroughs in 2D/2D metal-based and metal-free heterojunction photocatalysts, as well as their applications for H2 evolution via water splitting, CO2 reduction, and N2 fixation, are discussed. Finally, a brief overview of current constraints and predicted results for 2D/2D heterojunction systems is also presented. This paper lays out a strategy for developing efficient 2D/2D heterojunction photocatalysts and sophisticated technology for solar fuel applications in order to address the energy issue.
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Mukhtar Alam M, Ahmad I, Samad A, Hasan Khan M, Ali A. Grip Strength and Endurance: Influences of Anthropometric Characteristics, Posture, and Gender. Muscles Ligaments Tendons J 2022. [DOI: 10.32098/mltj.02.2022.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Girase R, Ahmad I, Pawara R, Patel H. Optimizing cardio, hepato and phospholipidosis toxicity of the Bedaquiline by chemoinformatics and molecular modelling approach. SAR QSAR Environ Res 2022; 33:215-235. [PMID: 35225110 DOI: 10.1080/1062936x.2022.2041724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The FDA granted expedited approval for Johnson and Johnson's Bedaquiline to treat pulmonary multidrug resistant tuberculosis on 28 December 2012 which is more common in China, Russian Federation and India. Bedaquiline is the first anti-tubercular drug approved by the FDA in the last 40 years, and it has become a cynosure in the circles of synthetic chemists researching new anti-tubercular drugs. Bedaquiline's highly lipophilic nature raises major concerns like suppression of the hERG gene, hepatotoxicity, and phospholipidosis despite its potential antitubercular profile. To address these toxicity concerns, in the present work, we have employed the structural optimization of Bedaquiline using the ADMETopt web server, which optimizes lead with scaffold hopping and ADMET screening. The ADMETopt web server yielded the 476 structures through optimization of three sites in Bedaquiline. Further, we have validated the optimized structures for their activity by performing molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations against the mycobacterial ATP synthase enzyme and density functional theory (DFT) study further provides insight into the reactivity of the compounds. After screening and analysis, compound #449 was observed to be the most promising mycobacterial ATP synthase inhibitor with minimal cardiotoxicity, hepatotoxicity and phospholipidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Girase
- Division of Computer Aided Drug Design, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur Maharashtra, India
| | - I Ahmad
- Division of Computer Aided Drug Design, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur Maharashtra, India
| | - R Pawara
- Division of Computer Aided Drug Design, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur Maharashtra, India
| | - H Patel
- Division of Computer Aided Drug Design, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur Maharashtra, India
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Mariappan P, Johnston A, Trail M, Hamid S, Hollins G, Dreyer B, Ramsey S, Padovani L, Garau R, Guerrero Enriquez J, Simpson H, Hasan R, Sharpe C, Thomas B, Bhatt J, Ahmad I, Nandwani G, Chaudhry A, Boden A, Khan R, Maresca G, Dimitropoulos K, Graham C, Hendry D. Multicentre real world long-term outcomes in 2773 primary Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer (NMIBC) patients managed within the Scottish Bladder Cancer Quality Performance Indicator programme. Eur Urol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(22)00243-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Mariappan P, Johnston A, Trail M, Hamid S, Hollins G, Dreyer B, Ramsey S, Padovani L, Garau R, Guerrero Enriquez J, Simpson H, Hasan R, Sharpe C, Thomas B, Bhatt J, Ahmad I, Nandwani G, Chaudhry A, Boden A, Khan R, Maresca G, Dimitropoulos K, Graham C, Hendry D, Paramananthan S, Loy G, Baker S, Grigor K, Smith G. Ceasing surveillance in low risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer after only 12 months of being recurrence free is un-safe: A validation study from the Scottish bladder cancer Quality Performance Indicator (QPI) programme. Eur Urol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(22)00244-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Ernawan B, Anggraeni T, Yusmalinar S, Ahmad I. Investigation of Developmental Stage/Age, Gamma Irradiation Dose, and Temperature in Sterilization of Male Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) in a Sterile Insect Technique Program. J Med Entomol 2022; 59:320-327. [PMID: 34595516 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjab166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The sterilization process using gamma irradiation is a crucial component in a program using sterile insect technique (SIT) to control Aedes aegypti. Unfortunately, there is no efficient standard protocol for sterilizing mosquitoes that can produce a high level of sterility while maintaining mating ability and longevity. Therefore, we conducted a study of the critical factors necessary to develop such a standard protocol. In this study, male Ae. aegypti pupae, as well as adults aged 1 d and 3 d, were irradiated using a Gamma-cell 220 irradiator doses of 0, 20, 40, 60, 70, 80, and 100 Gray (Gy). In addition, male Ae. aegypti in the pupal and adult stage aged 1 d were irradiated at a dose of 70 Gy at various temperatures. Changes in emergence rates, longevity, sterility, and mating competitiveness were recorded for each combination of parameters. Results showed that an increase of irradiation dose leads to a rise of induced sterility at all developmental stages, while simultaneously reducing emergence rate, survival, and mating competitiveness. Higher temperatures resulted in increased levels of sterility, reduced longevity, and did not affect the ability to mate. This study found that an irradiation dose of 70 Gy at a temperature between 20.00 and 22.30°C administered in the pupal stage induced a high level of sterility (around 98%), while maintaining mating competitiveness and longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beni Ernawan
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB), Jalan Ganesha No. 10, Bandung, Indonesia
- Center for Isotopes and Radiation Application (CIRA), National Nuclear Energy Agency of Indonesia (BATAN), Jalan Lebak Bulus Raya No. 49, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Tjandra Anggraeni
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB), Jalan Ganesha No. 10, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Sri Yusmalinar
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB), Jalan Ganesha No. 10, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Intan Ahmad
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB), Jalan Ganesha No. 10, Bandung, Indonesia
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Abstract
In many real-world problems, one may encounter uncertainty in the input data. The fuzzy set theory fits well to handle such situations. However, it is not always possible to determine with full satisfaction the membership and non-membership degrees associated with an element of the fuzzy set. The intuitionistic fuzzy sets play a key role in dealing with the hesitation factor along-with the uncertainty involved in the problem and hence, provides more flexibility in the decision-making process. In this article, we introduce a new ordering on the set of intuitionistic fuzzy numbers and propose a simple approach for solving the fully intuitionistic fuzzy linear programming problems with mixed constraints and unrestricted variables where the parameters and decision variables of the problem are represented by intuitionistic fuzzy numbers. The proposed method converts the problem into a crisp non-linear programming problem and further finds the intuitionistic fuzzy optimal solution to the problem. Some of the key significance of the proposed study are also pointed out along-with the limitations of the existing studies. The approach is illustrated step-by-step with the help of a numerical example and further, a production planning problem is also demonstrated to show the applicability of the study in practical situations. Finally, the efficiency of the proposed algorithm is analyzed with the existing studies based on various computational parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manisha Malik
- Department of Mathematics, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India
| | - S. K. Gupta
- Department of Mathematics, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India
| | - I. Ahmad
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
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Sasmita HI, Neoh KB, Yusmalinar S, Anggraeni T, Chang NT, Bong LJ, Putra RE, Sebayang A, Silalahi CN, Ahmad I, Tu WC. Ovitrap surveillance of dengue vector mosquitoes in Bandung City, West Java Province, Indonesia. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2021; 15:e0009896. [PMID: 34710083 PMCID: PMC8577782 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0009896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Larval surveillance is the central approach for monitoring dengue vector populations in Indonesia. However, traditional larval indices are ineffective for measuring mosquito population dynamics and predicting the dengue transmission risk. We conducted a 14-month ovitrap surveillance. Eggs and immature mosquitoes were collected on a weekly basis from an urban village of Bandung, namely Sekejati. Ovitrap-related indices, namely positive house index (PHI), ovitrap index (OI), and ovitrap density index (ODI), were generated and correlated with environmental variables, housing type (terraced or high-density housing), ovitrap placement location (indoor or outdoor; household or public place), and local dengue cases. Our results demonstrated that Aedes aegypti was significantly predominant compared with Aedes albopictus at each housing type and ovitrap placement location. Ovitrap placement locations and rainfall were the major factors contributing to variations in PHI, OI, and ODI, whereas the influences of housing type and temperature were subtle. Indoor site values were significantly positively correlated to outdoor sites’ values for both OI and ODI. OI and ODI values from households were best predicted with those from public places at 1- and 0-week lags, respectively. Weekly rainfall values at 4- and 3-week lags were the best predictors of OI and ODI for households and public places, respectively. Monthly mean PHI, OI, and ODI were significantly associated with local dengue cases. In conclusion, ovitrap may be an effective tool for monitoring the population dynamics of Aedes mosquitoes, predicting dengue outbreaks, and serving as an early indicator to initiate environmental clean-up. Ovitrap surveillance is easy for surveyors if they are tasked with a certain number of ovitraps at a designated area, unlike the existing larval surveillance methodology, which entails identifying potential breeding sites largely at the surveyors’ discretion. Ovitrap surveillance may reduce the influence of individual effort in larval surveillance that likely causes inconsistency in results. The dengue virus, transmitted by Aedes vectors, has been continuously spreading in tropical and subtropical countries, causing illness and fatality. Given the lack of a cost-effective dengue vaccine, the vector control approach for reducing the Aedes population remains the key method for mitigating dengue transmission. For a successful vector control program, an effective vector surveillance system is crucial for precisely predicting the spatial and temporal risk of a dengue outbreak. The ovitrap system improves data collection efficiency, aiding long-term dengue vector monitoring activities. This study is one of the few long-term dengue vector surveillance programs in Indonesia and provides compelling evidence of the need to improve the existing conventional larval surveillance system. The results demonstrated that two dengue vector mosquitoes, A. aegypti and A. albopictus, were present in the study area, and A. aegypti was more prevalent than A. albopictus. We observed an interactive relationship between ovitrap placement and rainfall in the dynamics of ovitrap-related indices; understanding this relationship allows for timely initiation of vector control and intervention strategies. We conclude that the ovitrap surveillance system is a sensitive tool for monitoring the population dynamics of Aedes vectors, predicting dengue outbreaks, and potentially improving community-based conventional larval surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadian Iman Sasmita
- Department of Entomology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Center for Isotopes and Radiation Application, National Nuclear Energy Agency, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Kok-Boon Neoh
- Department of Entomology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Sri Yusmalinar
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Tjandra Anggraeni
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Niann-Tai Chang
- Department of Plant Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Lee-Jin Bong
- Department of Entomology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ramadhani Eka Putra
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Amelia Sebayang
- Department of Entomology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | - Intan Ahmad
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia
- * E-mail: (IA); (W-CT)
| | - Wu-Chun Tu
- Department of Entomology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (IA); (W-CT)
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Nawaz MF, Fatima R, Gul S, Rana N, Ahmad I, Naseer J, Afzal S, Yasin G, Asif M, Khan SH, Altaf M. Study of human knowledge and attitude toward urban birds in Faisalabad city, Pakistan. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 83:e249229. [PMID: 34669801 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.249229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Birds are very valuable indicators of species richness and endemic patterns in a specified ecosystem, which eventually help the scientist to measure the environmental degradation. The aim of present study was to know human knowledge and attitude toward urban birds in Faisalabad city, Pakistan. The study conducted in four consecutive months: November 2019 to February 2020. Population of birds was noted from eight residential towns of Faisalabad city, data were collected through questionnaire. Faisalabad has a reasonably large population of birds and present data show that, there is a significant difference between favorite bird of residential areas and institutions. The pigeon received the most likeness in bird population among residential area residents, while the myna received the least. The most popular bird in Faisalabad institutions was the sparrow, while the least popular bird was the common myna. Bird adaptation percentage of residential areas and institutional areas of Faisalabad was the highest for parrot and sparrow respectively. People in residential areas and institutions, on the other hand, adapted least to common myna. It is concluded that people of the study area like birds and offered food and high population of birds are present in study area.
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Affiliation(s)
- M F Nawaz
- University of Agriculture, Department of Forestry and Range Management, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - R Fatima
- University of Agriculture, Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - S Gul
- University of Karachi, Department of Botany, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - N Rana
- University of Agriculture, Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - I Ahmad
- University of Agriculture, Department of Forestry and Range Management, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - J Naseer
- The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Department of Forestry, Range and Wildlife Management, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - S Afzal
- University of Sargodha, Department of Forestry, Range Management and Wildlife, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - G Yasin
- The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Department of Forestry, Range and Wildlife Management, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - M Asif
- University of Agriculture, Department of Forestry and Range Management, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - S H Khan
- University of Agriculture, Department of Forestry and Range Management, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - M Altaf
- The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Department of Forestry, Range and Wildlife Management, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
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Naz M, Irfan M, Shukrullah S, Ahmad I, Ghaffar A, Niazi UM, Rahman S, Jalalah M, Alsaiari M, Khan M. Effect of microwave plasma treatment on magnetic and photocatalytic response of manganese ferrite nanoparticles for wastewater treatment. MGC 2021. [DOI: 10.3233/mgc-210065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The conventionally synthesized nano-ferrite materials do not possess bulk properties, generally required for their use in mainstream industry. To make ferrite nanoparticles clinically applicable materials, it is important to have good control over morphology and optical properties of these materials. In this study, low-pressure microwave plasma was used to tailor the structural properties and surface chemistry of manganese ferrite nanoparticles. A facile sol-gel method was used to prepare cubic spinal structures of manganese ferrite nanoparticles. These nanoparticles were exposed to oxygen plasma sustained with a microwave source for improving their magnetic and photocatalytic activities. The techniques like XRD, SEM, PL, UV-Vis DRS, transient photocurrent response and EIS were used to characterize the samples. The plasma treated nanoparticles were used to degraded methyl blue (MB) dye in the solution. The photocatalytic activity showed 85% degradation of MB after 100 min of exposure of visible light. The second part of the paper studied the magnetic properties of the nanoparticles. The saturation magnetization decreased from 0.78 emu/g to 0.68 emu/g after plasma treatment of nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- M.Y. Naz
- Department of Physics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - M. Irfan
- Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Najran University Saudi Arabia, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - S. Shukrullah
- Department of Physics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - I. Ahmad
- Department of Physics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - A. Ghaffar
- Department of Physics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - U. M. Niazi
- Mechanical Engineering Department, National University of Technology, Pakistan
| | - S. Rahman
- Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Najran University Saudi Arabia, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - M. Jalalah
- Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Najran University Saudi Arabia, Najran, Saudi Arabia
- Promising Centre For Sensors and Electronic Devices (PCSED), Najran University Saudi Arabia, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - M.A. Alsaiari
- Empty quarter research unit, Chemistry department, college of Science and art at Sharurah, Najran University Saudi Arabia, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - M.K.A. Khan
- Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Najran University Saudi Arabia, Najran, Saudi Arabia
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Iliff HA, El-Boghdadly K, Ahmad I, Davis J, Harris A, Khan S, Lan-Pak-Kee V, O'Connor J, Powell L, Rees G, Tatla TS. Management of haematoma after thyroid surgery: systematic review and multidisciplinary consensus guidelines from the Difficult Airway Society, the British Association of Endocrine and Thyroid Surgeons and the British Association of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery. Anaesthesia 2021; 77:82-95. [PMID: 34545943 PMCID: PMC9291554 DOI: 10.1111/anae.15585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Haematoma after thyroid surgery can lead to airway obstruction and death. We therefore developed guidelines to improve the safety of peri‐operative care of patients undergoing thyroid surgery. We conducted a systematic review to inform recommendations, with expert consensus used in the absence of high‐quality evidence, and a Delphi study was used to ratify recommendations. We highlight the importance of multidisciplinary team management and make recommendations in key areas including: monitoring; recognition; post‐thyroid surgery emergency box; management of suspected haematoma following thyroid surgery; cognitive aids; post‐haematoma evacuation care; day‐case thyroid surgery; training; consent and pre‐operative communication; postoperative communication; and institutional policies. The guidelines support a multidisciplinary approach to the management of suspected haematoma following thyroid surgery through oxygenation and evaluation; haematoma evacuation; and tracheal intubation. They have been produced with materials to support implementation. While these guidelines are specific to thyroid surgery, the principles may apply to other forms of neck surgery. These guidelines and recommendations provided are the first in this area and it is hoped they will support multidisciplinary team working, improving care and outcomes for patients having thyroid surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- H A Iliff
- Department of Anaesthesia, Cwm Taf Morgannwg University Health Board, Merthyr, UK.,Health Education and Improvement Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - K El-Boghdadly
- Department of Anaesthesia and Peri-operative Medicine, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.,King's College London, London, UK
| | - I Ahmad
- Department of Anaesthesia and Peri-operative Medicine, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.,King's College London, London, UK
| | - J Davis
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Medway NHS Foundation Trust, Gillingham, UK
| | - A Harris
- Patient Representative, London, UK
| | - S Khan
- Department of Endocrine Surgery, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - V Lan-Pak-Kee
- Department of Anaesthesia, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - J O'Connor
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, London North West University Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - L Powell
- Department of Anaesthesia, Cwm Taf Morgannwg University Health Board, Merthyr, UK.,Health Education and Improvement Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - G Rees
- Department of Anaesthesia, Cwm Taf Morgannwg University Health Board, Merthyr, UK
| | - T S Tatla
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, London North West University Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
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Croghan SM, Rohan P, Considine S, Salloum A, Smyth L, Ahmad I, Lynch TH, Manecksha RP. Time, cost and carbon-efficiency: a silver lining of COVID era virtual urology clinics? Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2021; 103:599-603. [PMID: 34464571 DOI: 10.1308/rcsann.2021.0097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The COVID-19 pandemic has demanded radical changes in service delivery. Our centre adopted the use of outpatient telemedicine to reduce close-contact interactions between patients and staff. We hypothesised that incidental gains may be associated with this. We evaluated financial, practical and environmental implications of substituting virtual clinics (VCs) for in-person urology outpatient appointments. METHODS VCs were studied over a 3-month period. Based on patient-reported 'usual mode of transport' to the hospital, travel distance, time, petrol and parking costs, and the carbon emissions avoided by virtue of remote consultations were calculated. The underlying symptom/diagnosis and the 'effectiveness' of the VC were evaluated. RESULTS Of 1,016 scheduled consultations, 736 (72.44%) were conducted by VCs over the study period. VCs resulted in an agreed treatment plan in 98.4% of a representative patient sample. The use of VCs was associated with an overall travel distance saving for patients of 31,038 miles (49,951km) over 3 months, with an average round-trip journey of 93.8 miles (151km) avoided for each rural-dwelling patient and an average financial saving of £25.91 (€28.70) per rural-dwelling car traveller. An estimated 1,257.8 hours of patient time were saved by avoidance of travel and clinic waiting times. Based on car-travelling patients alone, a 6.07-tonne reduction in carbon emissions was achieved with the use of VCs. CONCLUSIONS In appropriate clinical circumstances, VCs appear to provide efficiency across a number of domains. Future healthcare may involve offering outpatients the option of telemedicine as an alternative to physical attendance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - P Rohan
- St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - A Salloum
- St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - L Smyth
- St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - I Ahmad
- St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - T H Lynch
- St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.,Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - R P Manecksha
- St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.,Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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O'Carroll J, Endlich Y, Ahmad I. Advanced airway assessment techniques. BJA Educ 2021; 21:336-342. [PMID: 34447580 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjae.2021.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J O'Carroll
- Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Y Endlich
- Royal Adelaide Hospital and Women's & Children Hospital, Adelaide, Australia.,University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - I Ahmad
- Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.,King's College London, London, UK
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Abstract
AbstractOsteopetrosis is a rare metabolic disease. Dental abnormalities may be attributed to the pathological changes in osteopetrosis. Patients with disease seem to be especially susceptible to osteomyelitis of mandible. A 9 yrs old girl presented with complaints of jaw swelling on left side with multiple discharging sinuses since last seven months. The radiograph of left mandible (oblique lateral view) showed periodontal involvement of associated molars with loss of lamina dura with small sequestrum with irregularity and erosions of the mandibular cortical margins. The patient was diagnosed as a case of osteopetrosis with superadded mandibular osteomyelitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Ahmad
- Dept. of Radiodiagnosis, JN Medical College , AMU, Aligarh, India
| | - S Z Abbas
- Dept. of Radiodiagnosis, JN Medical College , AMU, Aligarh, India
| | - F Haque
- Dept. of Radiodiagnosis, JN Medical College , AMU, Aligarh, India
| | - M Rashid
- Dept. of Radiodiagnosis, JN Medical College , AMU, Aligarh, India
| | - S A Ahmad
- Dept. of Radiodiagnosis, JN Medical College , AMU, Aligarh, India
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Chufal K, Ahmad I, Dwivedi A, Bajpai R, Miller A, Chowdhary R, Gairola M. PO-1802 Deep learning using Pre-NACRT imaging can predict pathological response in esophageal cancer. Radiother Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)08253-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Sharma M, Chufal K, Pahuja A, Ahmad I, Chowdhary R, Gairola M. PO-1130 Radiation Induced Skin Toxicity after HypoFractionated Radiotherapy: A prospective analysis. Radiother Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)07581-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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46
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Chufal K, Ahmad I, Miller A, Bajpai R, Chowdhary R, Umesh P, Bhatia K, Gairola M. PO-1790 Alpha-Beta ratio estimation and radiotherapeutic equivalence of chemotherapy in oesophageal cancer. Radiother Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)08241-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Sharief M, Ahlawat P, Gairola M, Erum T, Tandon S, Purohit S, Sachdeva N, Chufal K, Ahmad I, Chowdhary R, Antony V. PO-1865 Simultaneous integrated boost IMRT versus sequential IMRT in head and neck cancers. Radiother Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)08316-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Hazratullah, Muhammad A, Alam M, Ahmad I, Jalal A. Role of beneficial microbes with nitrogen and phosphorous levels on canola productivity. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 82:e227703. [PMID: 34287525 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.227703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
A research was conducted to evaluate the impact of various nitrogen and phosphorus levels along with beneficial microbes to enhance canola productivity. The research was carried out at Agronomy Research Farm, The University of Agriculture Peshawar in winter 2016-2017. The experiment was conducted in randomized complete block factorial design. The study was comprised of three factors including nitrogen (60, 120 and 180 kg ha-1), phosphorous (70, 100 and 130 kg ha-1) and beneficial microbes (with and without BM). A control treatment with no N, P and BM was also kept for comparison. Application of beneficial microbes significantly increased pods plant, seed pod, seed filling duration, 1000 seed weight, biological yield and seed yield as compared to control plots. Nitrogen applied at the rate of 180 kg ha-1 increased pods plant-1, seed pod, seed filling duration, seed weight, biological yield and seed yield. Maximum pods plant-1, seed pod, early seed filling, heavier seed weight, biological yield, seed yield, and harvest index were observed in plots treated with 130 kg.ha-1 phosphorous. As comparison, the combine treated plots have more pods plant-1, seeds pod-1, seed filling duration, heaviest seeds, biological yield, seed yield and harvest index as compared to control plots. It is concluded that application of beneficial microbes with N and P at the rate of 180 kg ha-1 and 130 kg ha-1, respectively, increased yield and its attributes for canola.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazratullah
- The University of Agriculture, Department of Agronomy, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - A Muhammad
- The University of Agriculture, Department of Agronomy, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - M Alam
- The University of Agriculture, Horticulture Department, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - I Ahmad
- The University of Agriculture, Horticulture Department, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - A Jalal
- The University of Agriculture, Institute of Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering, Peshawar, Pakistan
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Dinneen E, Grierson J, Haider A, Allen C, Heffernan-Ho D, Clow R, Freeman A, Briggs T, Nathan S, Brew-Graves C, Mallett S, Williams N, Persad R, Aning J, Oxley J, Oakley N, Morgan S, Tahir F, Ahmad I, Dutto L, Salmond J, Marzena R, Ben-Salha I, Kelly J, Shaw G. NeuroSAFE PROOF. Update on a multi-centre, pragmatic, RCT for men undergoing robot-assisted radical prostatectomy: Trial in progress. Eur Urol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(21)01245-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Rahman M, Jahan I, Ahmed S, Ahmed K, Roy M, Zzaman W, Ahmad I. Bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity of black and green tea available in Bangladesh. Food Res 2021. [DOI: 10.26656/fr.2017.5(3).491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
People in Bangladesh are traditionally used to consume mainly black tea. However, some
tea manufacturing companies are now producing green tea, though in a small scale. To
create new knowledge as well as awareness about the consumption of green tea, the
present study was carried out to compare the black and green tea available in Bangladesh
based on their bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity. A total of eight brands of
black tea and two brands of green tea were bought from the supermarkets. Total phenolics,
total tannin, total flavonoids, and caffeine content were measured as bioactive compounds,
and antioxidant activity was evaluated by using two different methods such as DPPH (1,1-
diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical-scavenging activity and ABTS+ radical scavenging
activity of methanol extracts of black and green tea. Every bioactive compound in black
and green tea was found to be significantly different (P < 0.05). The total phenolic
content, on average, was measured at 242.46 mg GAE/g dry extract and 763.41 mg GAE/
g dry extract in black and green tea, respectively. Black tea contained 6.47 mg TAE/g dry
extract tannin, whereas green tea had much more tannin content, 14.51 mg TAE/g dry
extract, which is more than double in amount. On the other hand, the total flavonoid
content was almost double in black tea (61.82 mg QE/g dry extract) compared to green tea
(31.85 mg QE/g dry extract). Antioxidant activities were determined at different
concentrations of tea samples. At every concentration, green tea presented higher ABTS+
and DPPH radical scavenging activity than black tea. The highest percentage of inhibition
was observed at 20 ppm both in black and green tea, finding 98.50 % and 99.07 %
inhibition, respectively. Overall, significantly (P < 0.05) higher amount of phenolic
compounds as well as antioxidant activity were observed in green tea.
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