1
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Rapp J, Sandurkov B, Müller P, Jung N, Gleich B. A compact setup for behavioral studies measuring limb acceleration. HardwareX 2024; 18:e00522. [PMID: 38633334 PMCID: PMC11022083 DOI: 10.1016/j.ohx.2024.e00522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Behavioral studies contribute largely to a broader understanding of human brain mechanisms and the process of learning and memory. An established method to quantify motor learning is the analysis of thumb activity. In combination with brain stimulation, the effect of various treatments on neural plasticity and motor learning can be assessed. So far, the setups for thumb abduction measurements employed consist of bulky amplifiers and digital-to-analog devices to record the data. We developed a compact hardware setup to measure acceleration data which can be integrated into a wearable, including a sensor board and a microcontroller board which can be connected to a PC via USB. Additionally, we provide two software packages including graphical user interfaces, one to communicate with the hardware and one to evaluate and process the data. This work demonstrates the construction and application of our setup at the example of thumb acceleration measurement with a custom made glove and its use for research. Using integrated circuits, the size of the measurement devices is reduced to this wearable. It is simple to construct and can be operated easily by non-technical staff.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Rapp
- Munich Institute of Biomedical Engineering (MIBE), Technische Universität München, Garching 85748, Germany
| | - B. Sandurkov
- Munich Institute of Biomedical Engineering (MIBE), Technische Universität München, Garching 85748, Germany
| | - P. Müller
- Department of Pediatrics, Technical University Munich, Kinderzentrum München gemeinnützige GmbH, Heiglhofstrasse 65, Munich 81377, Germany
| | - N.H. Jung
- Department of Pediatrics, Technical University Munich, Kinderzentrum München gemeinnützige GmbH, Heiglhofstrasse 65, Munich 81377, Germany
| | - B. Gleich
- Munich Institute of Biomedical Engineering (MIBE), Technische Universität München, Garching 85748, Germany
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2
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Sandurkov B, Rapp J, Hemmert W, Gleich B. Low energy magnetic stimulation of the phrenic nerve - a simulation study. Biomed Phys Eng Express 2023; 9. [PMID: 37459838 DOI: 10.1088/2057-1976/ace7d7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Peripheral magnetic stimulation is a promising assistive technique for rehabilitation. Today's magnetic stimulation devices, designed for transcranial stimulation, operate at currents of 6 kA and higher. This makes them expensive and bulky. Many motor neurons in peripheral nerves are more accessible, have large diameters, and require significantly lower field strengths for stimulation. In this work, we present a simulation environment to determine the threshold current required to trigger an action potential in phrenic nerve motor neurons for different coil geometries. An anatomical model was used for coil placement and realistic field calculations. The field distribution was calculated using the finite integration technique and then applied to a neuronal model to simulate the axon membrane dynamics. For general applicability, the coil-nerve distance and the axon diameter were varied. We show that the required current was approximately 1.3 kA for a nerve-coil distance of 35 mm, which corresponds to 20% of the available power of a commercial TMS device. By including the nearby vagus nerve in the simulations, we showed that accidental stimulation of this nerve is highly unlikely. Our results pave the way for the development of smaller, less complex, and more affordable stimulators and promise to increase the use of peripheral magnetic stimulators in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Sandurkov
- Munich Institute of Biomedical Engineering (MIBE), Technical University of Munich, Garching 85748, Germany
| | - J Rapp
- Munich Institute of Biomedical Engineering (MIBE), Technical University of Munich, Garching 85748, Germany
| | - W Hemmert
- Munich Institute of Biomedical Engineering (MIBE), Technical University of Munich, Garching 85748, Germany
- Bio-inspired Information Processing (BAI), Technical University of Munich, Garching 85748, Germany
| | - B Gleich
- Munich Institute of Biomedical Engineering (MIBE), Technical University of Munich, Garching 85748, Germany
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3
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Hubiche T, Le Duff F, Fontas E, Rapp J, Chiaverini C, Passeron T. Relapse of chilblain-like lesions during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic: a cohort follow-up. Br J Dermatol 2021; 185:858-859. [PMID: 34128539 PMCID: PMC8444830 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.20584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T Hubiche
- Department of Dermatology, Côte d'Azur University, CHU Nice, Nice, France
| | - F Le Duff
- Department of Dermatology, Côte d'Azur University, CHU Nice, Nice, France
| | - E Fontas
- Department of Clinical Research and Innovation, Côte d'Azur University, CHU Nice, Nice, France
| | - J Rapp
- Department of Dermatology, Côte d'Azur University, CHU Nice, Nice, France
| | - C Chiaverini
- Department of Dermatology, Côte d'Azur University, CHU Nice, Nice, France
| | - T Passeron
- Department of Dermatology, Côte d'Azur University, CHU Nice, Nice, France.,Côte d'Azur University, INSERM U1065, C3M, Nice, France
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4
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Durno C, Ercan AB, Bianchi V, Edwards M, Aronson M, Galati M, Atenafu EG, Abebe-Campino G, Al-Battashi A, Alharbi M, Azad VF, Baris HN, Basel D, Bedgood R, Bendel A, Ben-Shachar S, Blumenthal DT, Blundell M, Bornhorst M, Bronsema A, Cairney E, Rhode S, Caspi S, Chamdin A, Chiaravalli S, Constantini S, Crooks B, Das A, Dvir R, Farah R, Foulkes WD, Frenkel Z, Gallinger B, Gardner S, Gass D, Ghalibafian M, Gilpin C, Goldberg Y, Goudie C, Hamid SA, Hampel H, Hansford JR, Harlos C, Hijiya N, Hsu S, Kamihara J, Kebudi R, Knipstein J, Koschmann C, Kratz C, Larouche V, Lassaletta A, Lindhorst S, Ling SC, Link MP, Loret De Mola R, Luiten R, Lurye M, Maciaszek JL, MagimairajanIssai V, Maher OM, Massimino M, McGee RB, Mushtaq N, Mason G, Newmark M, Nicholas G, Nichols KE, Nicolaides T, Opocher E, Osborn M, Oshrine B, Pearlman R, Pettee D, Rapp J, Rashid M, Reddy A, Reichman L, Remke M, Robbins G, Roy S, Sabel M, Samuel D, Scheers I, Schneider KW, Sen S, Stearns D, Sumerauer D, Swallow C, Taylor L, Thomas G, Toledano H, Tomboc P, Van Damme A, Winer I, Yalon M, Yen LY, Zapotocky M, Zelcer S, Ziegler DS, Zimmermann S, Hawkins C, Malkin D, Bouffet E, Villani A, Tabori U. Survival Benefit for Individuals With Constitutional Mismatch Repair Deficiency Undergoing Surveillance. J Clin Oncol 2021; 39:2779-2790. [PMID: 33945292 PMCID: PMC8407605 DOI: 10.1200/jco.20.02636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Constitutional mismatch repair deficiency syndrome (CMMRD) is a lethal cancer predisposition syndrome characterized by early-onset synchronous and metachronous multiorgan tumors. We designed a surveillance protocol for early tumor detection in these individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol Durno
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Mount Sinai Hospital, The Familial Gastrointestinal Cancer Registry at the Zane Cohen Centre for Digestive Disease, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ayse Bahar Ercan
- The Hospital for Sick Children, The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada.,University of Toronto, Institute of Medical Science, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Vanessa Bianchi
- The Hospital for Sick Children, The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Melissa Edwards
- The Hospital for Sick Children, The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Melyssa Aronson
- Mount Sinai Hospital, The Familial Gastrointestinal Cancer Registry at the Zane Cohen Centre for Digestive Disease, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Melissa Galati
- The Hospital for Sick Children, The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada.,University of Toronto, Institute of Medical Science, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Eshetu G Atenafu
- Department of Biostatistics, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Gadi Abebe-Campino
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Abeer Al-Battashi
- Ministry of Health Oman, Child Health Specialist Muscat, Muscat, Oman
| | - Musa Alharbi
- Department of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Vahid Fallah Azad
- MAHAK Pediatric Cancer Treatment and Research Center (MPCTRC), Tehran, Iran
| | - Hagit N Baris
- Rambam Health Care Campus, The Genetics Institute, Haifa, Israel
| | - Donald Basel
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Pediatrics, Milwaukee, WI
| | | | - Anne Bendel
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Children's Hospitals and Clinics of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Shay Ben-Shachar
- Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Genetic Institute, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Deborah T Blumenthal
- Oncology Division, Tel Aviv University Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | | | - Miriam Bornhorst
- Children's National Medical Center, Brain Tumor Institute, Washington, DC
| | - Annika Bronsema
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Elizabeth Cairney
- Department of Pediatrics, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada
| | - Sara Rhode
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | - Shani Caspi
- Sheba Medical Center, Cancer Research Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Aghiad Chamdin
- Michigan State University, College of Human Medicine, Center for Bleeding and Clotting Disorders, East Lansing, MI
| | - Stefano Chiaravalli
- Pediatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Lombardia, Italy
| | - Shlomi Constantini
- Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Bruce Crooks
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, IWK Health Centre, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Anirban Das
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Rina Dvir
- Department of Pediatric Hemato-Oncology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Roula Farah
- Lebanese American University Medical Center-Rizk, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - William D Foulkes
- Deparments of Oncology and Human Genetics, McGill University Health Centre, Cancer Genetics Program, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Bailey Gallinger
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sharon Gardner
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY
| | - David Gass
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC
| | - Mithra Ghalibafian
- MAHAK Pediatric Cancer Treatment and Research Center (MPCTRC), Tehran, Iran
| | - Catherine Gilpin
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Genetics, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Yael Goldberg
- Department of Oncology, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Catherine Goudie
- Division of Oncology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Heather Hampel
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Internal Medicine, Columbus, OH
| | - Jordan R Hansford
- The Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne, Children's Cancer Centre, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Craig Harlos
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Nobuko Hijiya
- Pediatric Hematology Oncology and Stem Cell Transplant, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Saunders Hsu
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Sutter Health, Sacramento, CA
| | - Junne Kamihara
- Dana-Farber Children's Hospital Cancer Center, Pediatric Oncology, Boston, MA
| | - Rejin Kebudi
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Istanbul University, Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Jeffrey Knipstein
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Carl Koschmann
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Christian Kratz
- Department of Pediatric Haematology and Oncology, Hospital of the Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Hessen, Germany
| | - Valerie Larouche
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, CHU de Quebec-Universite Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Alvaro Lassaletta
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Hospital Infantil Universitario Nino Jesus, Madrid, Spain
| | - Scott Lindhorst
- Department of Hematology-Medical Oncology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Simon C Ling
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Michael P Link
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | | | - Rebecca Luiten
- Department of Clinical Cancer Genetics, Banner MD Anderson Cancer Center, Gilbert, AZ
| | - Michal Lurye
- Sheba Medical Center at Tel Hashomer, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | | | | | - Ossama M Maher
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Nicklaus Children's Hospital, Miami, FL
| | - Maura Massimino
- Pediatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Lombardia, Italy
| | - Rose B McGee
- Saint Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
| | | | - Gary Mason
- Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Monica Newmark
- Ann and Robert H Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Garth Nicholas
- Division of Medical Oncology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Kim E Nichols
- Department of Oncology, Saint Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
| | - Theodore Nicolaides
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY
| | - Enrico Opocher
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Padua, Padova, Veneto, Italy
| | - Michael Osborn
- Paediatric Haematology, Womens and Childrens Hospital (WCH), North Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Benjamin Oshrine
- Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital, Cancer and Blood Disorders Institute, Saint Petersburg, FL
| | - Rachel Pearlman
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH
| | | | - Jan Rapp
- West Virginia University Cancer Institute, Morgantown, WV
| | | | - Alyssa Reddy
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Lara Reichman
- McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Marc Remke
- University Hospital Dusseldorf, Dusseldorf, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany
| | - Gabriel Robbins
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY
| | | | - Magnus Sabel
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Gothenburg Sahlgrenska Academy, Goteborg, Sweden
| | | | - Isabelle Scheers
- Universite Catholique de Louvain La Faculte de Medecine, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Kami Wolfe Schneider
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO
| | - Santanu Sen
- Department of Pediatrics, Kokilaben Dhirubhai Ambani Hospital and Medical Research Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Duncan Stearns
- UH Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital Division of Pediatrics, Pediatric Neuro-oncology, Cleveland, OH
| | - David Sumerauer
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Motol, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Carol Swallow
- Department of Surgery, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Leslie Taylor
- Saint Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
| | | | - Helen Toledano
- Department of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Patrick Tomboc
- Department of Pediatrics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV
| | - An Van Damme
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Universite Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Walloon Brabant, Belgium
| | | | - Michal Yalon
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Lee Yi Yen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Shayna Zelcer
- Department of Pediatrics, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada
| | - David S Ziegler
- Sydney Children's Hospital Randwick, Kids Cancer Centre, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Stefanie Zimmermann
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Niedersachsen, Germany
| | - Cynthia Hawkins
- Department of Pediatric Laboratory Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - David Malkin
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Eric Bouffet
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Anita Villani
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Uri Tabori
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Beers CJ, Jaramillo C, Reid NC, Schamis H, Allain JP, Caughman JBO, Meitner SJ, Rapp J, Zinkle SJ. Development of the materials analysis and particle probe for Proto-MPEX. Rev Sci Instrum 2021; 92:045108. [PMID: 34243379 DOI: 10.1063/5.0043111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The Prototype Material Plasma Exposure eXperiment (Proto-MPEX) is a linear plasma device being used in plasma source research and development (R&D) for the proposed MPEX. Once the R&D is completed, this device can also be used to perform plasma-material interaction studies. To perform these studies, a new materials analysis and particle probe (MAPP) has been constructed. The MAPP's components are a sample holder and manipulator and a custom vacuum chamber with ports to facilitate surface chemistry diagnostics. The MAPP's overall design enables rapid sample turnaround and in vacuo surface characterization. The surface analysis vacuum chamber has ports for x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, thermal desorption spectroscopy, back-scatter ion scattering spectroscopy, forward-scatter ion scattering spectroscopy, and direct recoil spectroscopy. The sample manipulator and holder is a Lesker/UHV Multi-Centre Analytical Stage, which is used to place the samples in the exposure region of the Proto-MPEX or the analysis position in the MAPP vacuum chamber. The sample holder has a heating capability of up to 1200 °C for heated exposure and for desorption studies. In this work, we present the MAPP's design and the first tungsten sample exposure with ex situ analysis that shows a surface deposition layer on the exposed target, highlighting the need for additional in situ measurements on the Proto-MPEX.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Beers
- Department of Energy Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - C Jaramillo
- Ken and Mary Lindquist Department of Nuclear Engineering, Penn State University, State College, Pennsylvania 16801, USA
| | - N C Reid
- Department of Nuclear, Plasma and Radiological Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - H Schamis
- Ken and Mary Lindquist Department of Nuclear Engineering, Penn State University, State College, Pennsylvania 16801, USA
| | - J P Allain
- Ken and Mary Lindquist Department of Nuclear Engineering, Penn State University, State College, Pennsylvania 16801, USA
| | - J B O Caughman
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - S J Meitner
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - J Rapp
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - S J Zinkle
- Department of Energy Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
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6
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Hubiche T, Phan A, Leducq S, Rapp J, Fertitta L, Aubert H, Barbarot S, Chiaverini C, Giraudeau B, Lasek A, Mallet S, Labarelle A, Piram M, McCuaig C, Martin L, Monitor L, Nicol I, Bissuel M, Bellissen A, Jullien D, Lesort C, Vabres P, Maruani A. Acute acral eruptions in children during the COVID-19 pandemic: Characteristics of 103 children and their family clusters. Ann Dermatol Venereol 2021; 148:94-100. [PMID: 33551211 PMCID: PMC7831537 DOI: 10.1016/j.annder.2020.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background A marked increase in frequency of acute acral eruptions (AAE) was observed in children during the COVID-19 pandemic in the spring period. Objectives In this observational multicenter study, based on children with AAE, we aimed to assess the proportion of household members possibly infected by SARS-CoV-2. Methods We collected data from all children observed with AAE, prospectively from April 7, 2020 to June 22, 2020, and retrospectively since February 28, 2020. The primary outcome was the household infection rate, defined as the proportion of family clusters having at least one member with COVID-19 infection other than the child with AAE (“index child”). The definition of a case was based on characteristic clinical signs and a positive PCR or serology. Results The study included 103 children in 10 French departments and in Quebec. The median age was 13 years and the interquartile range [8–15], with a female-to-male ratio of 1/1.15. In children with AAE, all PCR tests were negative (n = 18), and serology was positive in 2/14 (14.3%) cases. We found no significant anomalies in the lab results. A total of 66 of the 103 families (64.1%) of included children had at least one other infected member apart from the index child. The total number of household members was 292, of whom 119 (40.8%) were considered possibly infected by SARS-CoV-2. No index children or households exhibited severe COVID-19. Discussion Among the 103 households included, 64.1% had at least one infected member. Neither children with AAE nor their households showed severe COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Hubiche
- Nice University Hospital, Department of Dermatology, 06000 Nice, France
| | - A Phan
- Lyon University Hospital, Department of Pediatric Dermatology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69500 Bron, France
| | - S Leducq
- Universities of Tours and Nantes, inserm 1246-SPHERE, 37000 Tours, France; Tours University Hospital, Department of Dermatology, 37044 Tours Cedex 9, France
| | - J Rapp
- Nice University Hospital, Department of Dermatology, 06000 Nice, France
| | - L Fertitta
- AP-HP (Paris Hospitals), Paris-Necker Hospital, Department of Dermatology, 75015 Paris, France
| | - H Aubert
- Nantes University Hospital, Department of Dermatology, 44000 Nantes, France
| | - S Barbarot
- Nantes University Hospital, Department of Dermatology, 44000 Nantes, France
| | - C Chiaverini
- Nice University Hospital, Department of Dermatology, 06000 Nice, France
| | - B Giraudeau
- Universities of Tours and Nantes, inserm 1246-SPHERE, 37000 Tours, France; Tours University Hospital, Clinical Investigation Center-INSERM 1415, 37000 Tours, France
| | - A Lasek
- Saint Vincent de Paul Hospital, Université catholique de Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - S Mallet
- Marseille University Hospital, Department of Dermatology, 13000 Marseille, France
| | - A Labarelle
- Marseille University Hospital, Department of Dermatology, 13000 Marseille, France
| | - M Piram
- Sainte-Justine University Hospital, Division of Dermatology, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - C McCuaig
- Sainte-Justine University Hospital, Division of Dermatology, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - L Martin
- Angers Hospital University, Department of Dermatology, 49000 Angers, France
| | - L Monitor
- Nancy University Hospital, Department of Dermatology, 54511 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - I Nicol
- Marseille University Hospital, Department of Dermatology, 13000 Marseille, France
| | - M Bissuel
- Casamance Private Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, 13400 Aubagnes, France
| | - A Bellissen
- Marseille University Hospital, Department of Dermatology, 13000 Marseille, France
| | - D Jullien
- Lyon University Hospital, Department of Dermatology, Hospital Edouard Herriot, 69003 Lyon, France
| | - C Lesort
- Lyon University Hospital, Department of Dermatology, Hospital Edouard Herriot, 69003 Lyon, France
| | - P Vabres
- Dijon University Hospital, Department of Dermatology, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - A Maruani
- Universities of Tours and Nantes, inserm 1246-SPHERE, 37000 Tours, France; Tours University Hospital, Department of Dermatology, 37044 Tours Cedex 9, France; Tours University Hospital, Clinical Investigation Center-INSERM 1415, 37000 Tours, France.
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7
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Hubiche T, Phan A, Leducq S, Rapp J, Fertitta L, Aubert H, Barbarot S, Chiaverini C, Giraudeau B, Labarelle A, Mc Craig C, Martin L, Monitor L, Nicol I, Piram M, Bissuel M, Bellissen A, Lasek A, Mallet S, Vabres P, Maruani A. Acrosyndromes aigus pédiatriques au cours de l’épidémie de COVID-19 : étude des caractéristiques de la cellule familiale. Ann Dermatol Venereol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annder.2020.09.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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8
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Caneses JF, Piotrowicz PA, Biewer TM, Goulding RH, Lau C, Showers M, Rapp J. Ion Fluxes and Neutral Gas Ionization Efficiency of the 100-kW Light-Ion Helicon Plasma Source Concept for the Material Plasma Exposure eXperiment. Fusion Science and Technology 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/15361055.2019.1622988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. F. Caneses
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831
| | - P. A. Piotrowicz
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Department of Nuclear, Plasma and Radiological Engineering, Center for Plasma-Material Interactions, Urbana, Illinois 61801
| | - T. M. Biewer
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831
| | - R. H. Goulding
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831
| | - C. Lau
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831
| | - M. Showers
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996
| | - J. Rapp
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831
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9
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Goulding RH, Piotrowicz PA, Beers CJ, Biewer TM, Caneses JF, Caughman JBO, Kafle N, Lindquist EG, Ray HA, Rapp J, Showers MA. Results of Ion Cyclotron Heating Experiments on Proto-MPEX Utilizing a Movable Stainless Steel Target. Fusion Science and Technology 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/15361055.2019.1623569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. H. Goulding
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831
| | | | - C. J. Beers
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996
| | - T. M. Biewer
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831
| | - J. F. Caneses
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831
| | | | - N. Kafle
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996
| | | | - H. A. Ray
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996
| | - J. Rapp
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831
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Rapp J, Lumsdaine A, Beers CJ, Biewer TM, Bigelow TS, Caneses JF, Caughman JBO, Goulding RH, Kafle N, Lau CH, Lindquist E, Piotrowicz PA, Ray H, Showers M. Latest Results from Proto-MPEX and the Future Plans for MPEX. Fusion Science and Technology 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/15361055.2019.1610315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Rapp
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee
| | - A. Lumsdaine
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee
| | - C. J. Beers
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee
| | - T. M. Biewer
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee
| | | | | | | | | | - N. Kafle
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee
| | - C. H. Lau
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee
| | - E. Lindquist
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee
| | - P. A. Piotrowicz
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee
- University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Illinois
| | - H. Ray
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee
| | - M. Showers
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee
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11
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Maingi R, Lumsdaine A, Allain JP, Chacon L, Gourlay SA, Greenfield CM, Hughes JW, Humphreys D, Izzo V, McLean H, Menard JE, Merrill B, Rapp J, Schmitz O, Spadaccini C, Wang Z, White AE, Wirth BD. Summary of the FESAC Transformative Enabling Capabilities Panel Report. Fusion Science and Technology 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/15361055.2019.1565912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Maingi
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey
| | - A. Lumsdaine
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee
| | - J. P. Allain
- University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - L. Chacon
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico
| | - S. A. Gourlay
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, retired
| | | | - J. W. Hughes
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | | | - V. Izzo
- University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California
| | - H. McLean
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California
| | - J. E. Menard
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey
| | - B. Merrill
- Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho Falls, Idaho
| | - J. Rapp
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee
| | - O. Schmitz
- University of Wisconsin, Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - C. Spadaccini
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California
| | - Z. Wang
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico
| | - A. E. White
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - B. D. Wirth
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Knoxville, Tennessee
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12
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Herrera A, Ŝtindlová A, Martínez I, Rapp J, Romero-Kutzner V, Samper MD, Montoto T, Aguiar-González B, Packard T, Gómez M. Microplastic ingestion by Atlantic chub mackerel (Scomber colias) in the Canary Islands coast. Mar Pollut Bull 2019; 139:127-135. [PMID: 30686409 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, due to the increasing concerns about their negative impact on wildlife and possible toxicity to living organisms (including humans), microplastics have become the subject of intense investigations. In the ocean, microplastics can be easily ingested by numerous marine organisms because of their small size (<5 mm). The Northwest African upwelling system is an important fishery area, and the present study is the first one in the region to reveal the presence of microplastic particles in the digestive tract of Atlantic chub mackerel (Scomber colias). From the 120 examined fish gastrointestinal tracts, 78.3% contained some type of microplastics, 74.2% contained fibres, 17.5% plastic fragments, and 16.7% paint. More studies are needed on fish, but S. colias is a candidate for being a good indicator of microplastic contamination in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Herrera
- Marine Ecophysiology Group (EOMAR), IU- ECOAQUA, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain.
| | - A Ŝtindlová
- Marine Ecophysiology Group (EOMAR), IU- ECOAQUA, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - I Martínez
- Marine Ecophysiology Group (EOMAR), IU- ECOAQUA, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - J Rapp
- Marine Ecophysiology Group (EOMAR), IU- ECOAQUA, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - V Romero-Kutzner
- Marine Ecophysiology Group (EOMAR), IU- ECOAQUA, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - M D Samper
- Instituto de Tecnología de Materiales (ITM), Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV), Alicante, Spain
| | - T Montoto
- Environmental Management, Technologies & Biogeochemistry Research Group (TGBA), Chemistry Department, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - B Aguiar-González
- School of Marine Science and Policy College of Earth, Ocean and Environment, University of Delaware, USA
| | - T Packard
- Marine Ecophysiology Group (EOMAR), IU- ECOAQUA, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - M Gómez
- Marine Ecophysiology Group (EOMAR), IU- ECOAQUA, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain
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Kessel C, Blanchard J, Davis A, El-Guebaly L, Garrison L, Ghoniem N, Humrickhouse P, Huang Y, Katoh Y, Khodak A, Marriott E, Malang S, Morley N, Neilson G, Rapp J, Rensink M, Rognlien T, Rowcliffe A, Smolentsev S, Snead L, Tillack M, Titus P, Waganer L, Wallace G, Wukitch S, Ying A, Young K, Zhai Y. Overview of the fusion nuclear science facility, a credible break-in step on the path to fusion energy. Fusion Engineering and Design 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2017.05.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Goulding RH, Caughman JBO, Rapp J, Biewer TM, Bigelow TS, Campbell IH, Caneses JF, Donovan D, Kafle N, Martin EH, Ray HB, Shaw GC, Showers MA. Progress in the Development of a High Power Helicon Plasma Source for the Materials Plasma Exposure Experiment. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/15361055.2017.1352429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. H. Goulding
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831
| | | | - J. Rapp
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831
| | - T. M. Biewer
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831
| | - T. S. Bigelow
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831
| | - I. H. Campbell
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831
| | - J. F. Caneses
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831
| | - D. Donovan
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831
| | - N. Kafle
- University of Tennessee, Bredesen Center, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996
| | - E. H. Martin
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831
| | - H. B. Ray
- University of Tennessee, Bredesen Center, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996
| | - G. C. Shaw
- University of Tennessee, Bredesen Center, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996
| | - M. A. Showers
- University of Tennessee, Bredesen Center, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996
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15
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Rapp
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831
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16
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McDonald DC, Andrew Y, Huysmans GTA, Loarte A, Ongena J, Rapp J, Saarelma S. Chapter 3: ELMy H-Mode Operation in JET. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst08-a1743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. C. McDonald
- Euratom/UKAEA Fusion Association, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon Oxfordshire OX14 3DB, United Kingdom
| | - Y. Andrew
- Euratom/UKAEA Fusion Association, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon Oxfordshire OX14 3DB, United Kingdom
| | - G. T. A. Huysmans
- Association Euratom-CEA, CEA/DSM/DRFC, Centre de Cadarache 13108 St. Paul lez Durance, France
| | - A. Loarte
- EFDA Close Support Unit Garching, Boltzmannstrasse 2 D-85748 Garching bei München, Germany
| | - J. Ongena
- LPP-ERM0KMS, Euratom-Belgian State Association, Brussels, Belgium
| | - J. Rapp
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Euratom Association, Jülich, Germany
| | - S. Saarelma
- Euratom/UKAEA Fusion Association, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon Oxfordshire OX14 3DB, United Kingdom
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17
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Vesel M, Rapp J, Feller D, Kiss E, Jaromi L, Meggyes M, Miskei G, Duga B, Smuk G, Laszlo T, Karner I, Pongracz JE. ABCB1 and ABCG2 drug transporters are differentially expressed in non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC) and expression is modified by cisplatin treatment via altered Wnt signaling. Respir Res 2017; 18:52. [PMID: 28340578 PMCID: PMC5364604 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-017-0537-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung cancer (LC) is still the most common cause of cancer related deaths worldwide. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for 85% of all LC cases but is not a single entity. It is now accepted that, apart from the characteristic driver mutations, the unique molecular signatures of adeno- (AC) and squamous cell carcinomas (SCC), the two most common NSCLC subtypes should be taken into consideration for their management. Therapeutic interventions, however, frequently lead to chemotherapy resistance highlighting the need for in-depth analysis of regulatory mechanisms of multidrug resistance to increase therapeutic efficiency. METHODS Non-canonical Wnt5a and canonical Wnt7b and ABC transporter expressions were tested in primary human LC (n = 90) resections of AC and SCC. To investigate drug transporter activity, a three dimensional (3D) human lung aggregate tissue model was set up using differentiated primary human lung cell types. Following modification of the canonical, beta-catenin dependent Wnt pathway or treatment with cisplatin, drug transporter analysis was performed at mRNA, protein and functional level using qRT-PCR, immunohistochemistry, immune-fluorescent staining and transport function analysis. RESULTS Non-canonical Wnt5a is significantly up-regulated in SCC samples making the microenvironment different from AC, where the beta-catenin dependent Wnt7b is more prominent. In primary cancer tissues ABCB1 and ABCG2 expression levels were different in the two NSCLC subtypes. Non-canonical rhWnt5a induced down-regulation of both ABCB1 and ABCG2 transporters in the primary human lung aggregate tissue model recreating the SCC-like transporter pattern. Inhibition of the beta-catenin or canonical Wnt pathway resulted in similar down-regulation of both ABC transporter expression and function. In contrast, cisplatin, the frequently used adjuvant chemotherapeutic agent, activated beta-catenin dependent signaling that lead to up-regulation of both ABCB1 and ABCG2 transporter expression and activity. CONCLUSIONS The difference in the Wnt microenvironment in AC and SCC leads to variations in ABC transporter expression. Cisplatin via induction of canonical Wnt signaling up-regulates ABCB1 and ABCG2 drug transporters that are not transporters for cisplatin itself but are transporters for drugs that are frequently used in combination therapy with cisplatin modulating drug response.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Vesel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
- Szentagothai Research Centre, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
- Scientific Unit, Osijek University Hospital, Huttlerova 4, Osijek, HR31000, Croatia
| | - J Rapp
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
- Szentagothai Research Centre, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
- Humeltis Ltd, Pecs, Hungary
| | - D Feller
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
- Szentagothai Research Centre, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
- Humeltis Ltd, Pecs, Hungary
| | - E Kiss
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
- Szentagothai Research Centre, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
- Humeltis Ltd, Pecs, Hungary
| | - L Jaromi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
- Szentagothai Research Centre, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - M Meggyes
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
- Szentagothai Research Centre, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
- Humeltis Ltd, Pecs, Hungary
| | - G Miskei
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
- Szentagothai Research Centre, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - B Duga
- Humeltis Ltd, Pecs, Hungary
| | - G Smuk
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - T Laszlo
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - I Karner
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Osijek, Cara Hadrijana 10, Osijek, HR31300, Croatia
| | - J E Pongracz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary.
- Szentagothai Research Centre, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary.
- Humeltis Ltd, Pecs, Hungary.
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18
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Rapp J, Biewer T, Canik J, Caughman J, Goulding R, Hillis D, Lore J, Owen L. The Development of Plasma-Material Interaction Facilities for the Future of Fusion Technology. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst12-565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Rapp
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA
| | - T.M. Biewer
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA
| | - J. Canik
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA
| | | | - R.H. Goulding
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA
| | - D.L. Hillis
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA
| | - J.D. Lore
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA
| | - L.W. Owen
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA
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19
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Rapp J, Kiss E, Meggyes M, Szabo-Meleg E, Feller D, Smuk G, Laszlo T, Sarosi V, Molnar TF, Kvell K, Pongracz JE. Increased Wnt5a in squamous cell lung carcinoma inhibits endothelial cell motility. BMC Cancer 2016; 16:915. [PMID: 27876017 PMCID: PMC5120464 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-016-2943-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Angiogenesis is important both in normal tissue function and disease and represents a key target in lung cancer (LC) therapy. Unfortunately, the two main subtypes of non-small-cell lung cancers (NSCLC) namely, adenocarcinoma (AC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) respond differently to anti-angiogenic e.g. anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A treatment with life-threatening side effects, often pulmonary hemorrhage in SCC. The mechanisms behind such adverse reactions are still largely unknown, although peroxisome proliferator activator receptor (PPAR) gamma as well as Wnt-s have been named as molecular regulators of the process. As the Wnt microenvironments in NSCLC subtypes are drastically different, we hypothesized that the particularly high levels of non-canonical Wnt5a in SCC might be responsible for alterations in blood vessel growth and result in serious adverse reactions. METHODS PPARgamma, VEGF-A, Wnt5a, miR-27b and miR-200b levels were determined in resected adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma samples by qRT-PCR and TaqMan microRNA assay. The role of PPARgamma in VEGF-A expression, and the role of Wnts in overall regulation was investigated using PPARgamma knock-out mice, cancer cell lines and fully human, in vitro 3 dimensional (3D), distal lung tissue aggregates. PPARgamma mRNA and protein levels were tested by qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry, respectively. PPARgamma activity was measured by a PPRE reporter system. The tissue engineered lung tissues expressing basal level and lentivirally delivered VEGF-A were treated with recombinant Wnts, chemical Wnt pathway modifiers, and were subjected to PPARgamma agonist and antagonist treatment. RESULTS PPARgamma down-regulation and VEGF-A up-regulation are characteristic to both AC and SCC. Increased VEGF-A levels are under direct control of PPARgamma. PPARgamma levels and activity, however, are under Wnt control. Imbalance of both canonical (in AC) and non-canonical (in SCC) Wnts leads to PPARgamma down-regulation. While canonical Wnts down-regulate PPARgamma directly, non-canonical Wnt5a increases miR27b that is known regulator of PPARgamma. CONCLUSION During carcinogenesis the Wnt microenvironment alters, which can downregulate PPARgamma leading to increased VEGF-A expression. Differences in the Wnt microenvironment in AC and SCC of NSCLC lead to PPARgamma decrease via mechanisms that differentially alter endothelial cell motility and branching which in turn can influence therapeutic response.
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MESH Headings
- Adenocarcinoma/blood supply
- Adenocarcinoma/metabolism
- Adenocarcinoma/pathology
- Animals
- Biomarkers, Tumor
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/blood supply
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/pathology
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/blood supply
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology
- Cell Movement
- Endothelium, Vascular/metabolism
- Endothelium, Vascular/pathology
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Lung Neoplasms/blood supply
- Lung Neoplasms/metabolism
- Lung Neoplasms/pathology
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/metabolism
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/pathology
- PPAR gamma/physiology
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
- Tumor Microenvironment
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/metabolism
- Wnt-5a Protein/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- J Rapp
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, University of Pecs, 2 Rokus Str, Pecs, 7624, Hungary
- János Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, 20 Ifjúság Str, Pecs, 7622, Hungary
- Humeltis Ltd, János Szentágothai Research Center, University of Pécs, 20 Ifjúság Str, Pécs, 7622, Hungary
| | - E Kiss
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, University of Pecs, 2 Rokus Str, Pecs, 7624, Hungary
- János Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, 20 Ifjúság Str, Pecs, 7622, Hungary
- Humeltis Ltd, János Szentágothai Research Center, University of Pécs, 20 Ifjúság Str, Pécs, 7622, Hungary
| | - M Meggyes
- Medical Microbiology and Immunity, University of Pécs, 12 Szigeti Str, Pécs, 7624, Hungary
- Humeltis Ltd, János Szentágothai Research Center, University of Pécs, 20 Ifjúság Str, Pécs, 7622, Hungary
| | - E Szabo-Meleg
- Biophysics, University of Pécs, 12 Szigeti Str, Pécs, 7624, Hungary
- János Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, 20 Ifjúság Str, Pecs, 7622, Hungary
| | - D Feller
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, University of Pecs, 2 Rokus Str, Pecs, 7624, Hungary
- János Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, 20 Ifjúság Str, Pecs, 7622, Hungary
- Humeltis Ltd, János Szentágothai Research Center, University of Pécs, 20 Ifjúság Str, Pécs, 7622, Hungary
| | - G Smuk
- Pathology, University of Pécs, 12 Szigeti Str, Pécs, 7624, Hungary
| | - T Laszlo
- Pathology, University of Pécs, 12 Szigeti Str, Pécs, 7624, Hungary
| | - V Sarosi
- Internal Medicine, Pulmonology, University of Pécs, 2 Rakoczi Str, Pécs, 7623, Hungary
| | - T F Molnar
- Operational Medicine, University of Pécs, 12 Szigeti Str, Pécs, 7624, Hungary
- Department of Surgery, Thoracic Surgery Unit, Petz A Hospital, 2-4 Vasvari Str, Győr, 9023, Hungary
| | - K Kvell
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, University of Pecs, 2 Rokus Str, Pecs, 7624, Hungary
- János Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, 20 Ifjúság Str, Pecs, 7622, Hungary
| | - J E Pongracz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, University of Pecs, 2 Rokus Str, Pecs, 7624, Hungary.
- János Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, 20 Ifjúság Str, Pecs, 7622, Hungary.
- Humeltis Ltd, János Szentágothai Research Center, University of Pécs, 20 Ifjúság Str, Pécs, 7622, Hungary.
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20
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Thomas CET, Biewer TM, Baylor LR, Combs SK, Meitner SJ, Rapp J, Hillis DL, Granstedt EM, Majeski R, Kaita R. Design of a digital holography system for PFC erosion measurements on Proto-MPEX. Rev Sci Instrum 2016; 87:11D624. [PMID: 27910428 DOI: 10.1063/1.4960488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A project has been started at ORNL to develop a dual-wavelength digital holography system for plasma facing component erosion measurements on prototype material plasma exposure experiment. Such a system will allow in situ real-time measurements of component erosion. Initially the system will be developed with one laser, and first experimental laboratory measurements will be made with the single laser system. In the second year of development, a second CO2 laser will be added and measurements with the dual wavelength system will begin. Adding the second wavelength allows measurements at a much longer synthetic wavelength.
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Affiliation(s)
- C E Tommy Thomas
- Third Dimension Technologies LLC, Knoxville, Tennessee 37931, USA
| | - T M Biewer
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - L R Baylor
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - S K Combs
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - S J Meitner
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - J Rapp
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - D L Hillis
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - E M Granstedt
- Tri-Alpha Energy, Rancho Santa Margarita, California 92688, USA
| | - R Majeski
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, USA
| | - R Kaita
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, USA
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21
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Biewer TM, Meitner S, Rapp J, Ray H, Shaw G. First results from the Thomson scattering diagnostic on proto-MPEX. Rev Sci Instrum 2016; 87:11E518. [PMID: 27910678 DOI: 10.1063/1.4959163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A Thomson scattering (TS) diagnostic has been successfully implemented on the prototype Material Plasma Exposure eXperiment (Proto-MPEX) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. The diagnostic collects the light scattered by plasma electrons and spectroscopically resolves the Doppler shift imparted to the light by the velocity of the electrons. The spread in velocities is proportional to the electron temperature, while the total number of photons is proportional to the electron density. TS is a technique used on many devices to measure the electron temperature (Te) and electron density (ne) of the plasma. A challenging aspect of the technique is to discriminate the small number of Thomson scattered photons against the large peak of background photons from the high-power laser used to probe the plasma. A variety of methods are used to mitigate the background photons in Proto-MPEX, including Brewster angled windows, viewing dumps, and light baffles. With these methods, first results were measured from argon plasmas in Proto-MPEX, indicating Te ∼ 2 eV and ne ∼ 1 × 1019 m-3. The configuration of the Proto-MPEX TS diagnostic will be described and plans for improvement will be given.
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Affiliation(s)
- T M Biewer
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - S Meitner
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - J Rapp
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - H Ray
- Bredesen Center, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - G Shaw
- Bredesen Center, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
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Showers M, Biewer TM, Caughman JBO, Donovan DC, Goulding RH, Rapp J. Heat flux estimates of power balance on Proto-MPEX with IR imaging. Rev Sci Instrum 2016; 87:11D412. [PMID: 27910345 DOI: 10.1063/1.4959953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The Prototype Material Plasma Exposure eXperiment (Proto-MPEX) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) is a precursor linear plasma device to the Material Plasma Exposure eXperiment (MPEX), which will study plasma material interactions (PMIs) for future fusion reactors. This paper will discuss the initial steps performed towards completing a power balance on Proto-MPEX to quantify where energy is lost from the plasma, including the relevant diagnostic package implemented. Machine operating parameters that will improve Proto-MPEX's performance may be identified, increasing its PMI research capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Showers
- Bredesen Center, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - T M Biewer
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - J B O Caughman
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - D C Donovan
- Bredesen Center, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - R H Goulding
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - J Rapp
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
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van der Meiden HJ, Lof AR, van den Berg MA, Brons S, Donné AJH, van Eck HJN, Koelman PMJ, Koppers WR, Kruijt OG, Naumenko NN, Oyevaar T, Prins PR, Rapp J, Scholten J, Schram DC, Smeets PHM, van der Star G, Tugarinov SN, Zeijlmans van Emmichoven PA. Advanced Thomson scattering system for high-flux linear plasma generator. Rev Sci Instrum 2012; 83:123505. [PMID: 23277985 DOI: 10.1063/1.4768527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
An advanced Thomson scattering system has been built for a linear plasma generator for plasma surface interaction studies. The Thomson scattering system is based on a Nd:YAG laser operating at the second harmonic and a detection branch featuring a high etendue (f/3) transmission grating spectrometer equipped with an intensified charged coupled device camera. The system is able to measure electron density (n(e)) and temperature (T(e)) profiles close to the output of the plasma source and, at a distance of 1.25 m, just in front of a target. The detection system enables to measure 50 spatial channels of about 2 mm each, along a laser chord of 95 mm. By summing a total of 30 laser pulses (0.6 J, 10 Hz), an observational error of 3% in n(e) and 6% in T(e) (at n(e) = 9.4 × 10(18) m(-3)) can be obtained. Single pulse Thomson scattering measurements can be performed with the same accuracy for n(e) > 2.8 × 10(20) m(-3). The minimum measurable density and temperature are n(e) < 1 × 10(17) m(-3) and T(e) < 0.07 eV, respectively. In addition, using the Rayleigh peak, superimposed on the Thomson scattered spectrum, the neutral density (n(0)) of the plasma can be measured with an accuracy of 25% (at n(0) = 1 × 10(20) m(-3)). In this report, the performance of the Thomson scattering system will be shown along with unprecedented accurate Thomson-Rayleigh scattering measurements on a low-temperature argon plasma expansion into a low-pressure background.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J van der Meiden
- FOM Institute DIFFER, Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research, Association EURATOM-FOM, Trilateral Euregio Cluster, P.O. Box 1207, 3430 BE Nieuwegein, The Netherlands.
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Abstract
Abstract. Regional Climate Centres are institutions with the capacity and mandate by WMO to develop high quality regional-scale products using global products, national input and incorporating regional information. Recently a pilot network of three Regional Climate Centre consortia was established for the WMO region RA VI (Europe and Middle East). Germany (Deutscher Wetterdienst) has taken the responsibility of the Regional Climate Centre Node on Climate Monitoring. The main basic functions of this centre are the publication of annual and monthly climate diagnostic bulletins, monthly monitoring maps, monitoring of significant events, implementation of a climate watch system, capacity building and offering reference climatologies and trend maps.
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Rapp J, Koppers W, van Eck H, van Rooij G, Goedheer W, de Groot B, Al R, Graswinckel M, van den Berg M, Kruyt O, Smeets P, van der Meiden H, Vijvers W, Scholten J, van de Pol M, Brons S, Melissen W, van der Grift T, Koch R, Schweer B, Samm U, Philipps V, Engeln R, Schram D, Lopes Cardozo N, Kleyn A. Construction of the plasma-wall experiment Magnum-PSI. Fusion Engineering and Design 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2010.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Tabarés FL, Ferreira JA, Ramos A, van Rooij G, Westerhout J, Al R, Rapp J, Drenik A, Mozetic M. Suppression of tritium retention in remote areas of ITER by nonperturbative reactive gas injection. Phys Rev Lett 2010; 105:175006. [PMID: 21231056 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.105.175006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
A technique based on reactive gas injection in the afterglow region of the divertor plasma is proposed for the suppression of tritium-carbon codeposits in remote areas of ITER when operated with carbon-based divertor targets. Experiments in a divertor simulator plasma device indicate that a 4 nm/min deposition can be suppressed by addition of 1 Pa·m³ s⁻¹ ammonia flow at 10 cm from the plasma. These results bolster the concept of nonperturbative scavenger injection for tritium inventory control in carbon-based fusion plasma devices, thus paving the way for ITER operation in the active phase under a carbon-dominated, plasma facing component background.
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Rapp J, Pintsuk G, Mertens P, Altmann H, Lomas P, Riccardo V. Geometry and expected performance of the solid tungsten outer divertor row in JET. Fusion Engineering and Design 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2009.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Boussel L, Arora S, Rapp J. Atherosclerotic Plaque Progression in Carotid Arteries: Monitoring with High-Spatial-Resolution MR Imaging—Multicenter Trial. J Vasc Surg 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2009.11.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Giltnane JM, Rapp J, Moeder C, Camp RL, Kluger H, Molinaro A, Rimm D. Construction of a five-marker protein-based model for stage-independent assessment of prognosis in breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 2009. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.11013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
11013 Background: While the TNM method for assessment of stage in breast cancer is simple and robust, molecular methods for limited patient subsets are gaining popularity (i.e Oncotype Dx or Mammaprint). We hypothesized that multiplexed quantitative measurement of proteins known to be involved in breast cancer signaling pathways of growth, proliferation, survival, and metastasis can enhance clinical methods of predicting prognosis in all patients. Methods: We assessed the expression of twenty-three proteins (ER, PR, EGFR, HER2, HER3, HER4, ERK, PTEN, PI3Kp85α, PI3Kp110α, p27/Kip1,EIF4E, FOXO3,AKT1, AKT2, AKT3, MYC, cyclinD1, FOXO1, mTOR, p70S6Kb, NFkB and BCL2) in four subcellular compartments by automated quantitative analysis of protein expression (AQUA) on tissue microarrays of the archival Yale breast cancer cohort (n=676). To project future performance of these markers including clinicopathological parameters, we constructed univariate and multivariate logistic regression models using leave-one-out cross-validation and calculated prediction error (PE) estimates of each model's value to predict a binary endpoint of 10 year survival. In addition, we constructed univariate and multivariate Cox models of ten year disease specific survival (DSS). Results: By Cox univariate analysis, ER, PR, PTEN, and BCL2 were directly correlated with DSS, while FOXO1, HER2, HER3, and PI3Kp110α were inversely correlated with DSS. A five-variable logistic regression model of 10 year survival including nuclear AKT1, BCL2, nuclear FOXO1, cytoplasmic mTOR, and nuclear p70S6Kb (prediction error= .274) surpasses performance of TNM staging (PE=.367) and the Nottingham Prognostic Index (PE=.326). The same model is associated with 10-year DSS by Cox proportional hazard (p=<.00001) independent of TNM stage and NPI. Conclusions: Our protein-based, multiplexed approach to prognostic classification was superior to traditional methods (TNM or NPI) and single biomarkers in this retrospective cohort. Current outcomes are influenced by modern therapies, limiting the direct impact of this analysis. However, molecular profiling of primary tumor linked to outcome paves the way for the incorporation of new prognostic models into prospective studies. [Table: see text]
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Affiliation(s)
- J. M. Giltnane
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - J. Rapp
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - C. Moeder
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - R. L. Camp
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - H. Kluger
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - A. Molinaro
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - D. Rimm
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
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Salnikov E, Friedrich H, Li X, Bertani P, Reissman S, Hertweck C, O'Neil J, Ovchinnikova T, Dzuba S, Rapp J, Bechinger B. Structure And Alignment Of Membrane-associated Peptaibols By Oriented 15N And 31P Solid-state NMR Spectroscopy. Biophys J 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2008.12.2080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Kaye AS, Altman H, Albanese R, Ciric D, Coad P, Brennan D, Durodie F, Edlington T, Edwards DC, Felton R, Jones TTC, Lioure A, Lomas P, Mailloux J, Monakhov I, Nightingale M, Pamela J, Pearce R, Riccardo V, Rapp J, Rolfe A, Surrey E, Rosanvallon S, Todd T, Walden A. Progress in Technology at JET. Fusion Science and Technology 2005. [DOI: 10.13182/fst05-a716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A S Kaye
- Euratom Fusion Association UKAEA, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, OX14 3DB, UK
| | - H Altman
- Euratom Fusion Association UKAEA, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, OX14 3DB, UK
| | - R Albanese
- Euratom Fusion Association ENEA-CREATE, Univ. Mediterranea RC, Loc. Feo di Vito, I-89060, RC, Italy
| | - D Ciric
- Euratom Fusion Association UKAEA, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, OX14 3DB, UK
| | - P Coad
- Euratom Fusion Association UKAEA, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, OX14 3DB, UK
| | - D Brennan
- Euratom Fusion Association UKAEA, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, OX14 3DB, UK
| | - F Durodie
- Euratom Fusion Association ERM, LPP/TEC, Royal Military Academy, B-1000, Brussels, Belgium
| | - T Edlington
- Euratom Fusion Association UKAEA, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, OX14 3DB, UK
| | - D C Edwards
- Euratom Fusion Association UKAEA, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, OX14 3DB, UK
| | - R Felton
- Euratom Fusion Association UKAEA, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, OX14 3DB, UK
| | - T T C Jones
- Euratom Fusion Association UKAEA, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, OX14 3DB, UK
| | - A Lioure
- EFDA CSU, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, OX14 3DB, UK
| | - P Lomas
- Euratom Fusion Association UKAEA, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, OX14 3DB, UK
| | - J Mailloux
- Euratom Fusion Association UKAEA, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, OX14 3DB, UK
| | - I Monakhov
- Euratom Fusion Association UKAEA, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, OX14 3DB, UK
| | - M Nightingale
- Euratom Fusion Association UKAEA, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, OX14 3DB, UK
| | - J Pamela
- EFDA CSU, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, OX14 3DB, UK
| | - R Pearce
- Euratom Fusion Association UKAEA, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, OX14 3DB, UK
| | - V Riccardo
- Euratom Fusion Association UKAEA, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, OX14 3DB, UK
| | - J Rapp
- EFDA CSU, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, OX14 3DB, UK
| | - A Rolfe
- Oxford Technologies Ltd, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, OX14 3DB, UK
| | - E Surrey
- Euratom Fusion Association UKAEA, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, OX14 3DB, UK
| | - S Rosanvallon
- EFDA CSU, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, OX14 3DB, UK
| | - T Todd
- Euratom Fusion Association UKAEA, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, OX14 3DB, UK
| | - A Walden
- Euratom Fusion Association UKAEA, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, OX14 3DB, UK
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Sharapov SE, Alper B, Fessey J, Hawkes NC, Young NP, Nazikian R, Kramer GJ, Borba DN, Hacquin S, De La Luna E, Pinches SD, Rapp J, Testa D. Monitoring Alfvén cascades with interferometry on the JET Tokamak. Phys Rev Lett 2004; 93:165001. [PMID: 15524995 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.93.165001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A microwave interferometry technique is applied for the first time for detecting a discrete spectrum of Alfvén cascade (AC) eigenmodes excited with fast ions in reversed magnetic shear plasmas of the Joint European Torus. The interferometry measurements of plasma density perturbations associated with ACs show an unprecedented frequency and time resolution superior to that obtained with external magnetic coils. The measurements of ACs are used for monitoring the evolution of the safety factor and density of rational magnetic surfaces in the region of maximum plasma current.
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Affiliation(s)
- S E Sharapov
- Euratom/UKAEA Fusion Association, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon OX14 3DB, United Kingdom
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Rapp J, Handl R. Erfahrungen mit Zirkonium-Verbundauskleidung bei korrosiv hochbeanspruchten Großapparaten. CHEM-ING-TECH 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.330690988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Boutillier S, Rapp J, Staeb T, Olenik C, Schmidt G, Meyer DK, Leemhuis J. Cytotoxic necrotizing factor-2 of Escherichia coli alters the morphology of cultured hippocampal neurons. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2003; 368:513-9. [PMID: 14605794 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-003-0830-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2003] [Accepted: 09/15/2003] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Certain pathogenic strains of E. coli produce the cytotoxic necrotizing factors-1 or -2. Cytotoxic necrotizing factor-1 irreversibly activates the small GTPases of the Rho family Rho, Rac and Cdc42. Cytotoxic necrotizing factor-2 may have similar effects. Since the Rho proteins play an important role in the organization of the actin cytoskeleton and neuronal differentiation, we have investigated whether cytotoxic necrotizing factor-2 affects the morphology of cultured hippocampal neurons. The toxin indeed caused dendrite retraction and axon shortening. Within 4 h of application, cytotoxic necrotizing factor-2 induced a transient formation of short finger-like extensions. To study the role of the Rho proteins in the morphological changes caused by cytotoxic necrotizing factor-2, we transfected neurons with recombinant Rho proteins. Dominant-negative forms of Rac or Rho but not of Cdc42 prevented the formation of short extensions induced by cytotoxic necrotizing factor-2, indicating synergistic effects of Rac and Rho. In contrast, the retraction of dendrites induced by cytotoxic necrotizing factor-2 was only prevented by dominant-negative Rho. Analysis with pull-down assays showed that cytotoxic necrotizing factor-2 strongly activated Rac and Rho, whereas an effect on Cdc42 was not observed. Cytotoxic necrotizing factor-2 also diminished the total amount of Rac and Rho. The degradation of Rac was so pronounced that the increase in Rac activity was only transient. In organotypic cultures of the hippocampus, cytotoxic necrotizing factor-2 reduced the number of neurites per neuron, suggesting that neurons in the tissue context were also vulnerable. We conclude that cytotoxic necrotizing factor-2 has pronounced effects on neuronal morphology, which are due to activation of the GTPases Rho and Rac.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Boutillier
- Institut für Experimentelle und Klinische Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, Albertstrasse 23, Zentrum für Neurowissenschaften, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
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Chappuis P, Damiani C, Guerin C, Hurd F, Loarte A, Lomas P, Lorenz A, Paméla J, Peacock A, Portafaix C, Rapp J, Riccardo V, Rimini F, Saibene G, Salavy J, Sauce Y, Sartori R, Solano E, Thomas E, Thomas P, Tsitrone E, Valeta M. The design of a new JET divertor for high triangularity and high current scenarios. Fusion Engineering and Design 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0920-3796(03)00171-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Li C, Ebenstein D, Xu C, Chapman J, Saloner D, Rapp J, Pruitt L. Biochemical characterization of atherosclerotic plaque constituents using FTIR spectroscopy and histology. J Biomed Mater Res A 2003; 64:197-206. [PMID: 12870490 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.10320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The behavior of vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques is believed to be closely related to plaque composition. There is a need for an effective in vivo technique for examining plaque constituent properties. In this study, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy using attenuated total reflectance (FTIR-ATR) was used to assess and analyze the biochemical properties of human atherosclerotic plaques. FTIR spectra clearly revealed prominent spectral features corresponding to plaque constituents of interest: the 2930 cm(-1) and 2850 cm(-1) peaks (indicating the presence of lipids), the 1730 cm(-1) peak (lipid esters), the 1550 cm(-1) and 1650 cm(-1) peaks (fibrous tissues), and the 1100-1000 cm(-1) broad phosphate peak (calcification). Spectral data examined on a qualitative basis correlated well with both gross tissue anatomy and histologic features. Gross spatial mappings of tissue sections of both lipidic and calcified plaques were performed. Spectra from various regions of the plaques demonstrated the evolution of lipid peaks, fibrous tissue peaks, and the phosphate calcification band within the plaques. Histologic analysis corroborated the spectral findings in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Li
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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Sauter O, Westerhof E, Mayoral ML, Alper B, Belo PA, Buttery RJ, Gondhalekar A, Hellsten T, Hender TC, Howell DF, Johnson T, Lamalle P, Mantsinen MJ, Milani F, Nave MFF, Nguyen F, Pecquet AL, Pinches SD, Podda S, Rapp J. Control of neoclassical tearing modes by sawtooth control. Phys Rev Lett 2002; 88:105001. [PMID: 11909362 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.88.105001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2001] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The onset of a neoclassical tearing mode (NTM) depends on the existence of a large enough seed island. It is shown in the Joint European Torus that NTMs can be readily destabilized by long-period sawteeth, such as obtained by sawtooth stabilization from ion-cyclotron heating or current drive. This has important implications for burning plasma scenarios, as alpha particles strongly stabilize the sawteeth. It is also shown that, by adding heating and current drive just outside the inversion radius, sawteeth are destabilized, resulting in shorter sawtooth periods and larger beta values being obtained without NTMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Sauter
- Centre de Recherches en Physique des Plasmas, Ass. EURATOM-Confédération Suisse, EPFL, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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Chuter TA, Faruqi RM, Sawhney R, Reilly LM, Kerlan RB, Canto CJ, Lukaszewicz GC, Laberge JM, Wilson MW, Gordon RL, Wall SD, Rapp J, Messina LM. Endoleak after endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm. J Vasc Surg 2001; 34:98-105. [PMID: 11436081 DOI: 10.1067/mva.2001.111487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We sought to assess the role of endovascular techniques in the management of perigraft flow (endoleak) after endovascular repair of an abdominal aortic aneurysm. METHOD We performed endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm in 114 patients, using a variety of Gianturco Z-stent-based prostheses. Results were evaluated with contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) at 3 days, 3 months, 6 months, 12 months, and every year after the operation. An endoleak that occurred 3 days after operation led to repeat CT scanning at 2 weeks, followed by angiography and attempted endovascular treatment. RESULTS Endoleak was seen on the first postoperative CT scan in 21 (18%) patients and was still present at 2 weeks in 14 (12%). On the basis of angiographic localization of the inflow, the endoleak was pure type I in 3 cases, pure type II in 9, and mixed-pattern in 2. Of the 5 type I endoleaks, 3 were proximal and 2 were distal. All five resolved after endovascular implantation of additional stent-grafts, stents, and embolization coils. Although inferior mesenteric artery embolization was successful in 6 of 7 cases and lumbar embolization was successful in 4 of 7, only 1 of 11 primary type II endoleaks was shown to be resolved on CT scanning. There were no type III or type IV endoleaks (through the stent-graft). Endoleak was associated with aneurysm dilation two cases. In both cases, the aneurysm diameter stabilized after coil embolization of the inferior mesenteric artery. There were two secondary (delayed) endoleaks; one type I and one type II. The secondary type I endoleak and the associated aneurysm rupture were treated by use of an additional stent-graft. The secondary type II endoleak was not treated. CONCLUSIONS Type I endoleaks represent a persistent risk of aneurysm rupture and should be treated promptly by endovascular means. Type II leaks are less dangerous and more difficult to treat, but coil embolization of feeding arteries may be warranted when leakage is associated with aneurysm enlargement.
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Affiliation(s)
- T A Chuter
- Division of Vascular Surgery and Interventional Radiology, University of California-San Francisco, USA
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Bontempo AR, Rapp J. Protein and lipid deposition onto hydrophilic contact lenses in vivo. CLAO J 2001; 27:75-80. [PMID: 11352452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the mechanism of protein and lipid adherence to hydrophilic contact lenses in vivo. METHODS Two types of new, never-worn hydrophilic contact lenses (tefilcon and vifilcon) were simultaneously worn by eight experienced, asymptomatic contact lens wearers on 12 separate occasions. Deposited lipids were removed with a methanol based extraction procedure, separated using high performance thin layer chromatography, and quantitatively analyzed densitometrically. Deposited proteins were extracted with 4M urea, separated using gel electrophoresis and quantitatively analyzed densitometrically. RESULTS Four lipids and one protein were deposited in quantifiable amounts onto each worn lens. Lysozyme demonstrated material-dependent deposition whereas total lipid did not. Subject-dependent differences in the deposition of both lysozyme and total lipid were observed primarily on group IV lenses. The deposition of triolein, the largest lipid extracted, was found to be material- but not subject-dependent. The deposition of smaller lipids was found to be subject-but not material-dependent. CONCLUSIONS Significant amounts of both protein and lipid were extracted from both types of lenses after 1 day of wear. Lysozyme deposition was material-dependent because of its affinity for negative charges on group IV lenses. The abundance of binding sites on a group IV lens allows protein and lipid deposition to be subject-dependent after short periods of wear. Lipid deposition appears to be influenced by size. Collectively, the results suggest that subject-dependent variations in deposition are modulated by both material and contaminant characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- A R Bontempo
- Department of Biological Sciences, SUNY College of Optometry, New York 10036, USA
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Fuchs T, Rapp J, Rubel F, Rudolf B. Correction of synoptic precipitation observations due to systematic measuring errors with special regard to precipitation phases. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s1464-1909(01)00070-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Slota J, Lauren L, Rapp J, Dowell B. Immunological grouping of 53 antibodies against prostate-specific antigen. Tumour Biol 2000; 20 Suppl 1:70-4. [PMID: 10628411 DOI: 10.1159/000056532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Microtiter immunoassays were used to determine whether a panel of 53 monoclonal antibodies submitted to the ISOBM TD-3 PSA Workshop could form assay combinations with free prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and the PSA complex with alpha1-antichymotrypsin. A panel of 6 known anti-PSA antibodies (H117, H50, H179, H164, 2E9 and 5A10) was used as labelled tracers. Epitope groups were proposed based on the ability of the Workshop antibodies to form good assay combinations with these 6 known anti-PSA antibodies. Nine of the TD-3 Workshop antibodies were found to react only with free PSA. Two additional epitope clusters were identified with 8 antibodies showing similar reactivity to antibody H117, while 11 antibodies formed a different cluster showing similar reactivity to antibody H50. Defining the nature of these immunodominant regions will be valuable in the development of more appropriate immunoassays for PSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Slota
- Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Ill 60064-6015, USA
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Mank G, Messiaen AM, Ongena J, Unterberg B, Dumortier P, Finken KH, Jaspers R, Koslowski HR, Kramer-Flecken A, Rapp J, Samm U, Weynants RR. Quasistationary high confinement discharges with trans-greenwald density on TEXTOR-94. Phys Rev Lett 2000; 85:2312-2315. [PMID: 10978069 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.85.2312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2000] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Confinement quality as good as ELM-free H-mode at densities substantially above the Greenwald density limit ( &nmacr;(e,0)/n(GW) = 1.4) has been obtained in discharges with a radiative boundary under quasistationary conditions for 20 times the energy confinement time. This is achieved by optimizing the gas-fueling rate of RI-mode discharges which tailors their favorable energy confinement and leads to discharges with beta values just below the operational limit beta(n) = 2 of TEXTOR-94, thereby effectively avoiding confinement back transitions or disruptions. In addition, this high-density regime is favorable for helium removal and results in figures of merit tau(*)(p,He)/tau(E) approximately 10-15, relevant for a future fusion power reactor.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Mank
- Institut fur Plasmaphysik, Forschungszentrum Julich GmbH, EURATOM Association, D-52425 Julich, Germany
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Rapp J, Kósa L, Halász A, Kereki E, Börzsönyi L. [Levels of interleukin-4, interleukin-5, tryptase and eosinophil cationic protein of nasal lavage fluid in pollen allergic rhinitis]. Orv Hetil 2000; 141:1919-22. [PMID: 11019593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
IL-4, IL-5, tryptase and eosinophil cationic protein levels were measured in nasal lavage fluid from 15 pollen allergic rhinitis beyond pollen season. Allergy was proved by prick test. There were 15 non allergic children in the control group. Specific nasal allergen provocation was performed on the rhinitic group. Nasal lavage were done before, 1 and 12 hours after the provocation. Before the nasal provocation the ECP and IL-4 levels were significantly higher in the allergic group compared to the non allergic group. The levels of tryptase, ECP and IL-4 rose significantly after the provocation. The results reflect to the possibility of an activated immune status in allergic rhinitis even without the presence of the triggering pollens. After the specific provocation elevated tryptase levels were measured, referring to the activity of the early phase of the I. type hypersensitivity reaction, while the ECP and IL-5 elevation to its late phase. According to our examinations it can be said, that tryptase, ECP and IL-5 might be used to detect the activation of the early and late phases of the IgE mediated hypersensitive reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Rapp
- Gyermek Allergológiai Központ és Központi Laboratórium, Svábhegyi Gyermekgyógyintézet, Budapest
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Chuter TA, Reilly LM, Faruqi RM, Kerlan RB, Sawhney R, Canto CJ, LaBerge JM, Wilson MW, Gordon RL, Wall SD, Rapp J, Messina LM. Endovascular aneurysm repair in high-risk patients. J Vasc Surg 2000; 31:122-33. [PMID: 10642715 DOI: 10.1016/s0741-5214(00)70074-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of endovascular aneurysm repair in high-risk patients. METHODS The elective endovascular repair of infrarenal aortic aneurysm was performed in 116 high-risk patients with either custom-made or commercial stent grafts. The routine follow-up examination included contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) before discharge, at 3, 6, and 12 months, and annually thereafter. Patients with endoleak on the initial CT underwent re-evaluation at 2 weeks. Those patients with positive CT results at 2 weeks underwent endovascular treatment. RESULTS Endovascular repair was considered feasible in 67% of the patients. The mean age was 75 years, and the mean aneurysm diameter was 6.3 cm. The American Society of Anesthesiologists grade was II in 3.4%, III in 65.5%, IV in 30.1%, and V in 0.9%. There were no conversions to open repair. Custom-made aortomonoiliac stent grafts were implanted in 77.6% of the cases, custom-made aortoaotic stent grafts in 11.2%, and commercial bifurcated stent grafts in 11.2%. The 30-day rates of mortality, major morbidity, and minor morbidity were 3.4%, 20.7%, and 12%, respectively, in the first 58 patients and 0%, 3.4%, and 3.4%, respectively, in the last 58. The late complications included five cases of stent graft kinking, two cases of femorofemoral graft occlusion, and three cases of proximal stent migration, one of which led to aneurysm rupture. At 2 weeks after repair, endoleak was present in 10.3% of the cases. All the type I (direct perigraft) endoleaks underwent successful endovascular treatment, whereas only one type II (collateral) endoleak responded to treatment. The technical success rate at 2 weeks was 86.2%, and the clinical success rate was 96.6%. The continuing success rate was 87.9%. Seventeen patients died late, unrelated deaths. CONCLUSION Endovascular aneurysm repair is safe and effective in patients at high risk, for whom it may be the preferred method of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- T A Chuter
- Divisions of Vascular Surgery, University of California-San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kohl
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, USA
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Abstract
We evaluated a brief therapy protocol involving the simplified regulated breathing method as a treatment for stuttering in children. The simplified treatment included awareness training, competing response training, and social support. Treatment was implemented in a multiple baseline across subjects design for 5 boys between the ages of 5 and 11. Each child received a 1 h treatment session, and 1/2 h booster sessions as needed. Four of the 5 children reduced their stuttering to less than 3% stuttered words (the criterion for successful treatment) after one 1 h treatment session. These results were maintained for 3 of the subjects from 6 to 9 months posttreatment. Social validity measures revealed significant differences between ratings on baseline and posttreatment speech samples. Treatment acceptability and credibility measures indicated that the subjects' guardians found the simplified regulated breathing method a reasonable treatment for stuttering in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J Elliott
- Department of Psychology, North Dakota State University, Fargo 58105-5075, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- J Rapp
- Department of Physiology and Molecular Medicine, Medical College of Ohio, Toledo, Ohio, USA
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Miller TA, Rapp J, Wastlhuber U, Hoffmann RW, Enzmann PJ. Rapid and sensitive reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction based detection and differential diagnosis of fish pathogenic rhabdoviruses in organ samples and cultured cells. Dis Aquat Organ 1998; 34:13-20. [PMID: 9789975 DOI: 10.3354/dao034013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
A reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay was developed and applied to the detection and differentiation of viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (VHSV) and infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) in organ samples and cultured cells, regardless of the serotype. This method was developed by selecting primer sets corresponding to highly conserved regions of the glycoprotein G-gene sequences of the 2 viruses. The very fast RNA extraction, reverse transcription and PCR permitted us to read the agarose gels within 7 to 9 h after samples, cultured cells and whole fish arrived, which is of great importance when there is reason to believe that VHSV or IHNV may be present. This is also the first report of a large-scale field trial comparing the RT-PCR assay in trout from 30 German fish farms (a total of 330 rainbow trout) with the usual virus isolation and identification method in order to evaluate the efficiency of the RT-PCR assay for general use in fish health management programs. RT-PCR followed by semi-nested PCR using RNA directly extracted from fish tissue turned out to be the most sensitive method. It recognized 9 fish farms as VHS-positive and 7 as IHN-positive. This is 3 VHS- and 4 IHN-farms more than detected by the traditional virus isolation method. By directly examining the tissue by means of a PCR test it was possible to detect viral RNA in acutely and subacutely to chronically diseased fish as well as in asymptomatic VHS/IHN-carrier fish. Therefore, this effective and powerful assay for detecting VHSV and IHNV by means of PCR has great advantages compared with the presently used procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- T A Miller
- Staatliches Tierärztliches Untersuchungsamt Aulendorf, Germany
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Rapp J. Staying power. Nursing 1998; 28:10. [PMID: 9496074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Piironen T, Villoutreix BO, Becker C, Hollingsworth K, Vihinen M, Bridon D, Qiu X, Rapp J, Dowell B, Lövgren T, Pettersson K, Lilja H. Determination and analysis of antigenic epitopes of prostate specific antigen (PSA) and human glandular kallikrein 2 (hK2) using synthetic peptides and computer modeling. Protein Sci 1998; 7:259-69. [PMID: 9521101 PMCID: PMC2143911 DOI: 10.1002/pro.5560070205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Prostate specific antigen (PSA) and human glandular kallikrein 2 (hK2), produced essentially by the prostate gland, are 237-amino acid monomeric proteins, with 79% identity in primary structure. Twenty-five anti-PSA monoclonal antibodies (Mabs) were studied for binding to a large array of synthetic linear peptides selected from computer models of PSA and hK2, as well as to biotinylated peptides covering the entire PSA sequence. Sixteen of the Mabs were bound to linear peptides forming four independent binding regions (I-IV). Binding region I was localized to amino acid residues 1-13 (identical sequence for PSA and hK2), II (a and b) was localized to residues 53-64, III (a and b) was localized to residues 80-91 (= kallikrein loop), and IV was localized to residues 151-164. Mabs binding to regions I and IIa were reactive with free PSA, PSA-ACT complex, and with hK2; Mabs binding to regions IIb, IIIa, and IV were reactive with free PSA and PSA-ACT complex, but unreactive with hK2; Mabs binding to region IIIb detected free PSA only. All Mabs tested (n = 7) specific for free PSA reacted with kallikrein loop (binding region IIIb). The presence of Mabs interacting with binding region I did not inhibit the catalytic activity of PSA, whereas Mabs interacting with other binding regions inhibited the catalysis. Theoretical model structures of PSA, hK2, and the PSA-ACT complex were combined with the presented data to suggest an overall orientation of PSA with regard to ACT.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Piironen
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Turku, Finland.
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