1
|
Ronto R, Alves Lopes CV, Bogueva D, Davis B, Bhatti AJ, Navarrete P, Chau JY. Exploring Australian News Media Portrayals of Sustainable and Plant-Based Diets. Nutrients 2024; 16:996. [PMID: 38613028 PMCID: PMC11013140 DOI: 10.3390/nu16070996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Dietary behaviour transformation is imperative for the attainment of more sustainable food systems, including an increased intake of plant-based foods and lower consumption of red meat and highly processed foods. The influence of news media coverage on public opinion regarding dietary behaviours is significant. Therefore, this study aimed to explore how sustainable/plant-based diets have been portrayed in Australian news media. (2) Methods: The Factiva global news database was used to search news articles published in Australia between 2018 and 2020. Relevant news articles were selected if they included keywords relating to sustainable diets, plant-based diets, and meat alternatives. We used a coding protocol to extract key information, such as date of publication, article topic, and any health, environmental and economic impacts. Then, we performed a framing and thematic analysis of the data. (3) Results: From 357 included articles, more than half of the articles encouraged increasing the intake of plant-based foods (53.5%) and reducing animal-derived food intake (55.2%). Several reasons for such shift from animal protein centric Australian diets were identified throughout the articles such as health benefits (15.4%), environmental impacts (11.2%), animal welfare (4.8%), seasonality and local food intake (5.3%), avoiding overconsumption (4.5%) and food wastage (4.5%). (4) Conclusions: The predominant frame in Australian news coverage about sustainable diets has been about consumption, more plant- and less animal-based products, with little nuance about the complex interplay of diet quality and environment in influencing food choices. Australian news media should broaden its coverage of sustainable diets to include health, environmental, and economic factors to improve public understanding and facilitate informed and sustainable food choices. Further research is needed to enhance comprehension of how the audience perceives media coverage on this topic, which will provide a more thorough understanding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rimante Ronto
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Carla Vanessa Alves Lopes
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Diana Bogueva
- Curtin University Sustainability Policy Institute (CUSP), Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Barbara Davis
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Alexandra J. Bhatti
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Priscilla Navarrete
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Josephine Y. Chau
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW 2109, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Gradidge PJ, Phaswana M, Chau JY. "If money was no object": A qualitative study of South African university office workers' perceptions of using height-adjustable sit-stand desks. S Afr J Sports Med 2023; 34:v34i1a13881. [PMID: 36815905 PMCID: PMC9924588 DOI: 10.17159/2078-516x/2022/v34i1a13881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Data from empirical investigations on the feasibility and acceptability of using sit-stand desks in an office-based setting in low- and middle-income settings are limited. Objectives To explore the perceptions of South African office workers towards using height-adjustable sit-stand desks to reduce sitting time during vocational hours. Methods Self-reported sedentary behaviour and in-depth, semi-structured interviews were conducted in December 2020. Thematic content analysis approach was used to develop themes. Results Eleven office workers with a work-time sitting time of 8 (6-8) hours were interviewed (age 40.5 ± 12.6 years), most (91%) were female. The main themes emerged and included: overall impressions of the height-adjustable sit-stand desks; enablers versus barriers to using the desk and readiness to continue using sit-stand desks. Conclusion The findings of this research add to the evidence on environmental workstation modifications for reducing sedentary behaviour. Further investigations on the efficacy of sit-stand desks are recommended in South African university office workers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- PJ Gradidge
- Centre for Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg,
South Africa
| | - M Phaswana
- Centre for Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg,
South Africa
| | - JY Chau
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health & Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney,
Australia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chau JY, Dharmayani PNA, Little H. Navigating Neighbourhood Opposition and Climate Change: Feasibility and Acceptability of a Play Street Pilot in Sydney, Australia. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:2476. [PMID: 36767843 PMCID: PMC9916153 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Play Streets are community-led initiatives that provide opportunities for outdoor play and recreation when parks or other facilities may not be easily accessible. This pragmatic evaluation aims to determine the feasibility and acceptability of a pilot Play Street in Inner West Sydney. METHODS We used a post-only mixed methods design. Brief intercept surveys with pilot Play Street visitors assessed their reasons for attending the event and perceptions thereof. Semi-structured interviews explored stakeholders' experiences related to planning and implementing Play Streets. RESULTS Approximately 60 adults and children attended the pilot Play Street. The majority of survey respondents (n = 32) were female, aged 35-54, lived in the Play Street's postcode, and visited in groups consisting of adults and children. Overall respondents rated the pilot positively in enjoyment (100%), safety (97%), and organisation (81%), although there were significant differences between certain demographic subgroups in the perception of organisation and the children's enjoyment of the pilot Play Street. Stakeholder interviews (n = 2) highlighted the importance of community consultation and reaching compromises, noting concerns about safety and insurance costs, and emphasised the role of Council as a facilitator to help residents take ownership of Play Streets. Delays due to community concerns, poor air quality arising from bushfires, heavy rain on the event day, and COVID-19 lockdowns hindered pilot Play Street implementation and evaluation. CONCLUSION This pilot demonstrated that Play Streets are a feasible and acceptable way to use streets as outdoor recreation spaces in Sydney's Inner West. The evaluation highlights two elements for future sustainability: managing neighbourhood opposition and adapting to climate change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Josephine Y. Chau
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Putu Novi Arfirsta Dharmayani
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Helen Little
- School of Education, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW 2109, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Henson C, Chapman F, Shepherd G, Carlson B, Chau JY, Gwynn J, McCowen D, Rambaldini B, Ward K, Gwynne K. Mature aged Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander adults are using digital health technologies (original research). Digit Health 2022; 8:20552076221145846. [PMID: 36544536 PMCID: PMC9761236 DOI: 10.1177/20552076221145846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people avidly use technology for a variety of purposes. Digital health technologies offer a new way to build on Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples propensity for early adoption and innovation with technology. Only limited research has focused on mature aged adults in non-urban locations as partners in digital health research and there is no research related to wearables for health tracking for this cohort. Objective This paper provides insights into mature aged Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander adults interest, use and trust of social media, apps and wearables to gain health information and manage health. Methods This cross-sectional survey study was co-designed and co-implemented with Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Services (ACCHS) in three locations in New South Wales, Australia. The 13-item survey was administered via a semi-structured interview. Results Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander adults (n = 78), in regional, rural and remote locations indicated their interest in and use of apps and wearables for health purposes. Mature aged participants, particularly women, used Facebook, ACCHS websites and YouTube for acquiring health-related information which they then shared online and in real life with a diversity of family, friends and colleagues. Conclusions Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people are using digital health technologies to acquire and share health information and want to use apps and wearables for health management. Co-designed research enables a greater understanding of the diverse needs for different cohorts and informs culturally responsible design. Broader use of co-design will foster effective user-focused digital health communication and health-management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Connie Henson
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human
Sciences, Macquarie
University, Sydney, New South Wales,
Australia,Djurali Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Research Group,
Sydney, Australia,Connie Henson, Faculty of Medicine, Health
and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Level 3, 75 Talavera Rd, New South
Wales 2113, Australia.
| | - Felicity Chapman
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human
Sciences, Macquarie
University, Sydney, New South Wales,
Australia,Djurali Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Research Group,
Sydney, Australia
| | - Gina Shepherd
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human
Sciences, Macquarie
University, Sydney, New South Wales,
Australia,Djurali Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Research Group,
Sydney, Australia
| | - Bronwyn Carlson
- Centre for Global Indigenous Futures,
Macquarie
University, Sydney, New South Wales,
Australia,Department of Indigenous Studies, Faculty of Arts,
Macquarie
University, Sydney, New South Wales,
Australia
| | - Josephine Y Chau
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human
Sciences, Macquarie
University, Sydney, New South Wales,
Australia
| | - Josephine Gwynn
- Sydney School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of
Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales,
Australia,Poche Centre
for Indigenous Health, University of
Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia,Charles
Perkins Centre University of Sydney,
Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Deb McCowen
- Armajun Aboriginal Health Services, Inverell, New South Wales,
Australia
| | - Boe Rambaldini
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human
Sciences, Macquarie
University, Sydney, New South Wales,
Australia,Djurali Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Research Group,
Sydney, Australia
| | - Katrina Ward
- Brewarrina Aboriginal Medical Services, Brewarrina, New South Wales,
Australia
| | - Kylie Gwynne
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human
Sciences, Macquarie
University, Sydney, New South Wales,
Australia,Djurali Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Research Group,
Sydney, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Mihrshahi S, Dharmayani PNA, Amin J, Bhatti A, Chau JY, Ronto R, Turnip D, Taylor M. Higher Prevalence of Food Insecurity and Psychological Distress among International University Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Australian Perspective. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:ijerph192114101. [PMID: 36360979 PMCID: PMC9658209 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192114101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic and related disruptions have not only affected university students' learning and academic outcomes, but also other issues, such as food security status, mental health and employment. In Australia, international students faced additional pressures due to sudden border closures and lack of eligibility for government-provided financial support. This study explored the experiences of domestic and international university students residing in Australia during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic across a range of outcomes. A cross-sectional online survey was conducted between July and September 2020 at Macquarie University in Sydney, Australia. The online survey included food insecurity status, mental health (psychological distress), disruptions to study, employment and sleep. A total of 105 students (n = 66 domestic and n = 39 international) completed the survey. Respondents reported having food insecurity (41.9%) and psychological distress (52.2%, with high and very high levels), with international students reporting significantly higher food insecurity (OR = 9.86 (95% CI 3.9-24.8), p < 0.001) and psychological distress scores (t(90) = 2.68, 95% CI: 1.30 to 8.81, p = 0.009) than domestic students. About one quarter of all respondents reported disruptions to study and employment status around the time of the survey. When asked what government support should be provided for international students, 'financial aid' was the most frequently suggested form of support. This research may help governments and educational institutions design appropriate support, particularly financial and psychological, for both international and domestic university students.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seema Mihrshahi
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW 2109, Australia
- Correspondence:
| | - Putu Novi Arfirsta Dharmayani
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Janaki Amin
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Alexandra Bhatti
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Josephine Y. Chau
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Rimante Ronto
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Diana Turnip
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Melanie Taylor
- School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW 2109, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ronto R, Saberi G, Leila Robbers GM, Godrich S, Lawrence M, Somerset S, Fanzo J, Chau JY. Identifying effective interventions to promote consumption of protein-rich foods from lower ecological footprint sources: A systematic literature review. PLOS Glob Public Health 2022; 2:e0000209. [PMID: 36962370 PMCID: PMC10021177 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0000209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Addressing overconsumption of protein-rich foods from high ecological footprint sources can have positive impacts on health such as reduction of non-communicable disease risk and protecting the natural environment. With the increased attention towards development of ecologically sustainable diets, this systematic review aimed to critically review literature on effectiveness of those interventions aiming to promote protein-rich foods from lower ecological footprint sources. Five electronic databases (Medline, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase and Global Health) were searched for articles published up to January 2021. Quantitative studies were eligible for inclusion if they reported on actual or intended consumption of protein-rich animal-derived and/or plant-based foods; purchase, or selection of meat/plant-based diet in real or virtual environments. We assessed 140 full-text articles for eligibility of which 51 were included in this review. The results were narratively synthesised. Included studies were categorised into individual level behaviour change interventions (n = 33) which included education, counselling and self-monitoring, and micro-environmental/structural behaviour change interventions (n = 18) which included menu manipulation, choice architecture and multicomponent approaches. Half of individual level interventions (52%) aimed to reduce red/processed meat intake among people with current/past chronic conditions which reduced meat intake in the short term. The majority of micro-environmental studies focused on increasing plant-based diet in dining facilities, leading to positive dietary changes. These findings point to a clear gap in the current evidence base for interventions that promote plant-based diet in the general population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rimante Ronto
- Department of Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Golsa Saberi
- Department of Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Stephanie Godrich
- School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia
| | - Mark Lawrence
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Shawn Somerset
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australia
| | - Jessica Fanzo
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Josephine Y. Chau
- Department of Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wallbank G, Sherrington C, Hassett L, Kwasnicka D, Chau JY, Phongsavan P, Grunseit A, Martin F, Canning CG, Baird M, Shepherd R, Tiedemann A. Acceptability and feasibility of an online physical activity program for women over 50: a pilot trial. Transl Behav Med 2022; 12:225-236. [PMID: 35020938 DOI: 10.1093/tbm/ibab161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Regular physical activity benefits health across the lifespan. Women in middle-age often juggle carer and work responsibilities, are often inactive, and may benefit from tailored support to increase physical activity. Establish the acceptability, feasibility, and impact on physical activity of a scalable program for women 50+ years. This pilot trial randomized participants to immediate program access, or to a wait-list control. [Active Women over 50 Online] program included: (1) study-specific website, (2) 8 emails or 24 SMS motivation-based messages, (3) one telephone health-coaching session. Outcomes, at 3 months, were acceptability (recommend study participation, intervention uptake), feasibility (recruitment, reach, completion), intervention impact (physical activity), intervention impressions. At baseline, 62 participants of mean (SD) age 59 (±7) years took 7459 (±2424) steps/day and most (92%) reported ≥2 medical conditions. At 3 months, acceptability and impact data were available for 52 (84%) and 57 (92%) participants, respectively. Study participation was recommended by 83% of participants. Participants mostly agreed to receive health coaching (81%) and messages (87%: email = 56%, SMS = 44%), opened 82% of emails and accessed the website 4.8 times on average. Respondents reported the intervention supported their physical activity. Intervention participants were more likely to increase steps from baseline by 2000+/day (OR: 6.31, 95% CI: 1.22 to 32.70, p = .028) than controls, and trended toward more light-intensity (p = .075) and moderate-vigorous intensity physical activity (p = .11). The [Active Women over 50 Online] program demonstrated acceptability and feasibility among the target population, and effectiveness in some domains in the short term. Results warrant further testing in a full-scale RCT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Geraldine Wallbank
- Institute for Musculoskeletal Health, The University of Sydney and Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Catherine Sherrington
- Institute for Musculoskeletal Health, The University of Sydney and Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Leanne Hassett
- Institute for Musculoskeletal Health, The University of Sydney and Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Discipline of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Dominika Kwasnicka
- Faculty of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Wrocław, Poland.,Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Josephine Y Chau
- Department of Health Systems and Populations, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Philayrath Phongsavan
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Anne Grunseit
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Fiona Martin
- Department of Media and Communications, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Colleen G Canning
- Discipline of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Marian Baird
- Sydney Business School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Roberta Shepherd
- Discipline of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Anne Tiedemann
- Institute for Musculoskeletal Health, The University of Sydney and Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Stamatakis E, Huang BH, Maher C, Thøgersen-Ntoumani C, Stathi A, Dempsey PC, Johnson N, Holtermann A, Chau JY, Sherrington C, Daley AJ, Hamer M, Murphy MH, Tudor-Locke C, Gibala MJ. Untapping the Health Enhancing Potential of Vigorous Intermittent Lifestyle Physical Activity (VILPA): Rationale, Scoping Review, and a 4-Pillar Research Framework. Sports Med 2021; 51:1-10. [PMID: 33108651 PMCID: PMC7806564 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-020-01368-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Recently revised public health guidelines acknowledge the health benefits of regular intermittent bouts of vigorous intensity incidental physical activity done as part of daily living, such as carrying shopping bags, walking uphill, and stair climbing. Despite this recognition and the advantages such lifestyle physical activity has over continuous vigorous intensity structured exercise, a scoping review we conducted revealed that current research in this area is, at best, rudimentary. Key gaps include the absence of an empirically-derived dose specification (e.g., minimum duration of lifestyle physical activity required to achieve absolute or relative vigorous intensity), lack of acceptable measurement standards, limited understanding of acute and chronic (adaptive) effects of intermittent vigorous bouts on health, and paucity of essential information necessary to develop feasible and scalable interventions (e.g., acceptability of this kind of physical activity by the public). To encourage collaboration and research agenda alignment among groups interested in this field, we propose a research framework to further understanding of vigorous intermittent lifestyle physical activity (VILPA). This framework comprises four pillars aimed at the development of: (a) an empirical definition of VILPA, (b) methods to reliably and accurately measure VILPA, (c) approaches to examine the short and long-term dose-response effects of VILPA, and (d) scalable and acceptable behavioural VILPA-promoting interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Stamatakis
- School of Health Sciences, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Hub D17, L6 West, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Bo-Huei Huang
- School of Health Sciences, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Hub D17, L6 West, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Carol Maher
- Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Cecilie Thøgersen-Ntoumani
- Physical Activity and Well-Being Research Group, School of Psychology, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Afroditi Stathi
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Paddy C Dempsey
- Physical Activity and Behavioural Epidemiology Laboratories, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Nathan Johnson
- School of Health Sciences, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Hub D17, L6 West, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Andreas Holtermann
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NRCWE), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Josephine Y Chau
- Department of Health Systems and Populations, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Catherine Sherrington
- Institute of Musculoskeletal Health, University of Sydney, Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney, Australia
| | - Amanda J Daley
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Mark Hamer
- Institute Sport Exercise Health, Faculty Medical Sciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - Marie H Murphy
- Doctoral College, Ulster University, Newtownabbey, Co Antrim, BT37 0QB, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Catrine Tudor-Locke
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Health and Human Services, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - Martin J Gibala
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wallbank G, Sherrington C, Hassett L, Kwasnicka D, Chau JY, Martin F, Phongsavan P, Grunseit A, Canning C, Baird M, Shepherd R, Tiedemann A. Active Women over 50 online information and support to promote physical activity behaviour change: study protocol for a pilot trial. Pilot Feasibility Stud 2020; 6:91. [PMID: 32607250 PMCID: PMC7320590 DOI: 10.1186/s40814-020-00627-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Physical activity has many physical and mental health benefits and can delay the development of disability in older age. However, uptake of this health behaviour is sub-optimal in women in their middle and older age. This trial aims to establish the acceptability and feasibility of the Active Women over 50 programme involving online information, telephone health coaching and email or SMS support to promote physical activity behaviour change among women aged 50 years and over. Methods Sixty community-dwelling women who are insufficiently active according to national guidelines, will be recruited and randomised to 1) receive the Active Women over 50 programme or 2) a wait-list control. Active Women over 50 is a 3-month physical activity programme guided by behaviour change science, providing access to a website, one telephone-delivered health coaching session from a physiotherapist and 8 email or 24 SMS messages. The primary outcome is the proportion of participants at 3 months post-randomisation who would recommend participation in the programme to another person like themselves. Secondary outcomes are feasibility measures: rates of recruitment, retention, completeness of outcome data and uptake of telephone support; and intervention impact measures: accelerometer-assessed average steps/day, proportion of participants meeting national guidelines on moderate to vigorous physical activity; and questionnaire-assessed quality of life, exercise perceptions, mood, physical functioning and self-reported physical activity. Intervention participants will also complete a follow-up survey to assess impressions of the intervention and adoption of strategies for physical activity participation. Data will be analysed descriptively to guide the design of a larger trial. Between-group differences in secondary outcomes will be used to estimate effect sizes for sample size calculations for a fully powered randomised controlled trial. Discussion This feasibility pilot trial of an efficient eHealth and health coaching intervention guided by user input and behaviour change theory, will inform future interventions to address low physical activity participation among an under-active group at risk of future disability. Trial registration ANZCTR, ACTRN12619000490178, registered 26 March 2019
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Geraldine Wallbank
- Institute for Musculoskeletal Health, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney and Sydney Local Health District, PO Box M179, Missenden Road, Camperdown, 2050 Australia
| | - Catherine Sherrington
- Institute for Musculoskeletal Health, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney and Sydney Local Health District, PO Box M179, Missenden Road, Camperdown, 2050 Australia
| | - Leanne Hassett
- Institute for Musculoskeletal Health, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney and Sydney Local Health District, PO Box M179, Missenden Road, Camperdown, 2050 Australia.,Discipline of Physiotherapy, Sydney School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, PO Box 170, Lidcombe, NSW 1825 Australia
| | - Dominika Kwasnicka
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845 Australia.,SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Aleksandra Ostrowskiego 30b, 50-505 Wrocław, Poland.,Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, 333 Exhibition Street, Melbourne, 3000 Australia
| | - Josephine Y Chau
- Department of Health Systems and Population, Macquarie University, 75 Talavera Road, North Ryde, NSW 2109 Australia.,Charles Perkins Centre, Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006 Australia
| | - Fiona Martin
- Department of Media and Communications, Faculty of Arts and Social Science, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006 Australia
| | - Philayrath Phongsavan
- Charles Perkins Centre, Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006 Australia
| | - Anne Grunseit
- Charles Perkins Centre, Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006 Australia
| | - Colleen Canning
- Discipline of Physiotherapy, Sydney School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, PO Box 170, Lidcombe, NSW 1825 Australia
| | - Marian Baird
- Discipline of Work and Organisational Studies, Sydney Business School, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006 Australia
| | - Roberta Shepherd
- Discipline of Physiotherapy, Sydney School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, PO Box 170, Lidcombe, NSW 1825 Australia
| | - Anne Tiedemann
- Institute for Musculoskeletal Health, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney and Sydney Local Health District, PO Box M179, Missenden Road, Camperdown, 2050 Australia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Engelen L, Drayton BA, Young S, Daley M, Milton K, Bauman A, Chau JY. Impact and process evaluation of a co-designed 'Move More, Sit Less' intervention in a public sector workplace. Work 2020; 64:587-599. [PMID: 31658091 DOI: 10.3233/wor-193020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High levels of sitting are associated with increased risk of adverse health outcomes, including chronic disease. Extensive sitting at work is common, hence organisations should provide options to employees to reduce prolonged sitting. OBJECTIVE To assess the efficacy and acceptability of a co-designed intervention to increase standing and reduce sitting in a public-sector office. METHODS Forty-six adults participated in the quasi-experimental study (30 intervention; 16 control). The intervention involved providing sit-stand desks, prompts, workshops, and information emails to assist behavior change. Participants wore a thigh-mounted Actigraph GT3X+ for five working days and responded to an online questionnaire at baseline (BL), 6 (T1) and 13 weeks (T2) post intervention. RESULTS Inclinometer-measured proportion of time standing increased in the intervention group from 14% (baseline) to 28% (T1) and 27% (T2) (67 minutes more standing over an 8-hour workday). Intervention participants reduced sitting time from 79% (BL) to 63% (T1 and T2), (80 minutes less sitting over an 8-hour workday). The control group showed no changes. The program was highly recommended (94%), and perceived to support behavior change (81%). CONCLUSIONS This Move More, Sit Less intervention appears to be efficacious and acceptable. Future interventions should be co-designed to ensure culturally appropriate components and higher acceptability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lina Engelen
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health and Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Brad A Drayton
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health and Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Sarah Young
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health and Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,National Heart Foundation, East Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Karen Milton
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk, UK
| | - Adrian Bauman
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health and Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Josephine Y Chau
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health and Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Chau JY, Kite J, Ronto R, Bhatti A, Bonfiglioli C. Talking about a nanny nation: investigating the rhetoric framing public health debates in Australian news media. Public Health Res Pract 2019; 29:2931922. [PMID: 31569205 DOI: 10.17061/phrp2931922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives and importance of study: News media portrayal of public health issues influences public opinion, policy action and decision making. This study aimed to analyse the use of 'nanny state' frames in Australian news media coverage; identify the stakeholders invoking this frame; determine which public health-related policies attract such framing; and investigate whether 'nanny state' framing is directly challenged in news coverage. STUDY TYPE A qualitative framing analysis. METHODS Articles featuring the term 'nanny state' that were published in Australian print newspapers during matched periods between March and September in 2017 and 2018 were sourced through Factiva, coded and analysed for content and 'nanny state' framing. Content analysis was used to identify any public health-related issues that the terminology nanny state was applied to, and who was portrayed as imposing the nanny state. Frame analysis was used to analyse what meanings are co-presented with the phrase nanny state. RESULTS Out of 81 print newspaper articles that included the term 'nanny state', 19% linked the term to restricting personal choice or creating dissatisfaction with too many health-related rules and regulations broadly, across a range of issues, including: bike helmets, e-cigarettes, firearm restrictions, seatbelts, pool fences and smoking bans. The next most frequent links were to regulations on alcohol (17%), road safety (14%), obesity-related issues (7%) and tobacco control (6%). Of the 81 articles, 53% appeared in news publications owned by News Corporation Australia, 20% in Fairfax Media (Nine Entertainment) publications, 17% in Daily Mail and General Trust and 10% in publications owned by other organisations. Governments were the entity most frequently framed as imposing the nanny state. Most nanny state framings (73%) were negative towards public health controls and focused on policies and regulations. Nanny state was portrayed as an assault on freedom and choice (14%) and used to attack proponents of nanny state controls (11%), while few articles framed the nanny state (7%) in a favourable light. CONCLUSIONS 'Nanny state' is a rhetorical device commonly used in Australian news media that may contribute to discrediting of the regulation of a range of health-related issues. News Corp publications are a major propagator of nanny state rhetoric in Australian newspaper media. Public health advocates are not commonly represented within nanny state debates within the news media.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Josephine Y Chau
- Department of Health Systems and Populations, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health and Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia;
| | - James Kite
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health and Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Rimante Ronto
- Department of Health Systems and Populations, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Alexandra Bhatti
- Department of Health Systems and Populations, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Loyen A, Chau JY, Jelsma JGM, van Nassau F, van der Ploeg HP. Prevalence and correlates of domain-specific sedentary time of adults in the Netherlands: findings from the 2006 Dutch time use survey. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:538. [PMID: 31159760 PMCID: PMC6546616 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-6764-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Relatively little is known about how total sedentary time is accumulated in different domains and if correlates of sedentary time differ across domains. Time use surveys present a unique opportunity to study sedentary time in more detail. This study aimed to use the 2006 Dutch time use survey to 1) describe the (sedentary) time use of Dutch adults, and 2) explore socio-demographic and health-related correlates of total (non-occupational) and domain-specific sedentary time. Methods The Dutch time use survey randomly selected participants from a population-representative research sample of Dutch households. Participants reported daily activities on seven consecutive days using a time use diary and socio-demographic and health-related characteristics during telephone interviews. All reported activities were coded for activity domain (i.e. education; household; leisure; occupation; sleep; transport; voluntary work) and activity intensity (i.e. sedentary; light intensity physical activity; moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity). As occupational activities were not specified in sufficient detail, the intensity of these activities was unknown. We described the time spent in different domains and intensities, and assessed the socio-demographic and health-related correlates of high levels of total (non-occupational), household, leisure, and transport sedentary time using logistic regression analyses. Results The final dataset consisted of 1614 adult (18+) participants. On average, participants spent 8.0 h (61.1%) of their daily waking non-occupational time on sedentary activities. More than 87% of leisure time was spent sedentary. Men, participants aged 18–34 and 65+ years, full-time employed participants and obese participants had higher levels of total non-occupational sedentary time. The correlates of household, leisure and transport sedentary time differed by domain. Conclusions This study reports high levels of total non-occupational sitting time of Dutch adults. The large proportion of sedentary leisure activities might indicate the potential of strategies aiming to reduce leisure sedentary time. The difference in correlates across sedentary behaviour domains demonstrates the importance of targeting these domains differently in interventions and policies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Loyen
- Centre for Nutrition, Prevention and Health Services, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Antonie van Leeuwenhoeklaan 9, 3721, Bilthoven, MA, the Netherlands.
| | - Josephine Y Chau
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health and Charles Perkins Centre, the University of Sydney, Sydney, 2006, NSW, Australia
| | - Judith G M Jelsma
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, VU University Medical Center, Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081, Amsterdam, BT, the Netherlands
| | - Femke van Nassau
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, VU University Medical Center, Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081, Amsterdam, BT, the Netherlands
| | - Hidde P van der Ploeg
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, VU University Medical Center, Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081, Amsterdam, BT, the Netherlands.,Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health and Charles Perkins Centre, the University of Sydney, Sydney, 2006, NSW, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Chau JY, Engelen L, Kolbe-Alexander T, Young S, Olsen H, Gilson N, Burton NW, Bauman AE, Brown WJ. "In Initiative Overload": Australian Perspectives on Promoting Physical Activity in the Workplace from Diverse Industries. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2019; 16:E516. [PMID: 30759777 PMCID: PMC6388384 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16030516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: With two thirds of adults in paid employment and one third physically inactive, workplaces are an important setting for promoting more physical activity. We explored the attitudes and practices of employees and managers from different industries towards sitting and moving at work, to inform the development of acceptable solutions for encouraging businesses to adopt activity-promoting workplaces. Method: We conducted focus groups with employees and structured interviews with upper/middle managers from 12 organisations in a range of industries (e.g., education, healthcare, manufacturing, construction, insurance, mining). Topics focused on past and current workplace health and wellness initiatives, workplace culture and environment related to physical activity, responsibility for employee physical activity patterns at work, and enablers of/barriers to activity promoting workplaces. Results: Physical activity was not an explicit priority in existing occupational health and wellness initiatives. Instead, there was a strong focus on education about preventing and managing injuries, such as manual handling among non-office workers and desk-based ergonomics for office workers. Physical activity was viewed as a strategy for maintaining work ability and preventing injury, particularly in blue-collar staff, rather than for chronic disease prevention. Managers noted structural/organisational barriers/enablers to promoting physical activity at work (e.g., regulations, costs, competing concerns), while employees tended to focus on individual constraints such as time and geographic location. The issues of "initiative overload" and making physical activity a part of "business as usual" emerged as strong themes from employees and managers. Conclusions: While there is stakeholder enthusiasm for creating activity-promoting workplaces, multi-level support is needed to make physical activity an integral part of day-to-day business. The synergism between occupational health and safety priorities could be leveraged to facilitate the creation of activity-promoting workplaces.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Josephine Y Chau
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health and Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia.
- Department of Health Systems and Populations, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney 2109, Australia.
| | - Lina Engelen
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health and Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia.
| | - Tracy Kolbe-Alexander
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia.
- School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Southern Queensland, Ipswich 4305, Australia.
| | - Sarah Young
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health and Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia.
| | - Heidi Olsen
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia.
- School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Mt Gravatt, Queensland 4122, Australia.
| | - Nicholas Gilson
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia.
| | - Nicola W Burton
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia.
- School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Mt Gravatt, Queensland 4122, Australia.
| | - Adrian E Bauman
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health and Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia.
| | - Wendy J Brown
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Chau JY, Bonfiglioli C, Zhong A, Pedisic Z, Daley M, McGill B, Bauman A. Sitting ducks face chronic disease: an analysis of newspaper coverage of sedentary behaviour as a health issue in Australia 2000-2012. Health Promot J Austr 2019; 28:139-143. [PMID: 28092727 DOI: 10.1071/he16054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Issue addressed This study examines how sedentary behaviour (too much sitting) was covered as a health issue by Australian newspapers and how physical activity was framed within this newspaper coverage. Methods Articles featuring sedentary behaviour published in Australian newspapers between 2000 and 2012 were analysed for content and framing. Main outcome measures were volume, number and content of newspaper articles; framing and types of sedentary behaviour; responsibility for the problem of and solutions to high levels of sedentary behaviour; and physical activity mentions and how it was framed within sedentary behaviour coverage. Results Out of 48 articles, prolonged sitting was framed as bad for health (52%) and specifically as health compromising for office workers (25%). Adults who sat a lot were framed as 'easy targets' for ill health (21% of headlines led with 'sitting ducks' or 'sitting targets'). Prolonged sitting was framed as an issue of individual responsibility (>90%) with less mention of environmental and sociocultural contributors. Thirty-six of 48 articles mentioned physical activity; 39% stated that being physically active does not matter if a person sits for prolonged periods of time or that the benefits of physical activity are undone by too much sitting. Conclusions News coverage should reflect the full socio-ecological model of sedentary behaviour and continually reinforce the independent and well-established benefits of health-enhancing physical activity alongside the need to limit prolonged sitting. So what? It is important that the entire 'move more, sit less, every day!' message is communicated by news media.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Josephine Y Chau
- Prevention Research Collaboration, School of Public Health, Sydney Medical School, Level 6, The Hub, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Catriona Bonfiglioli
- Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, City Campus, 15 Broadway, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Amy Zhong
- Prevention Research Collaboration, School of Public Health, Sydney Medical School, Level 6, The Hub, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Zeljko Pedisic
- Prevention Research Collaboration, School of Public Health, Sydney Medical School, Level 6, The Hub, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Michelle Daley
- National Heart Foundation of Australia, New South Wales Division, Level 3, 80 William Street, Sydney, NSW 2011, Australia
| | - Bronwyn McGill
- Prevention Research Collaboration, School of Public Health, Sydney Medical School, Level 6, The Hub, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Adrian Bauman
- Prevention Research Collaboration, School of Public Health, Sydney Medical School, Level 6, The Hub, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Engelen L, Gale J, Chau JY, Bauman A. Are motivational signs to increase stair use a thing of the past? A multi-building study. Health Promot J Austr 2019; 28:178-184. [PMID: 28264762 DOI: 10.1071/he16107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Issue addressed Only half of Australia's adult population is sufficiently physical active. One method thought to increase incidental physical activity at work is the use of stair-promoting interventions. Stairs are readily available and stair climbing is considered vigorous physical activity. Motivational signs have been extensively and effectively trialled to increase stair use, but are they suitable for contemporary populations? Methods Participants were occupants of three selected University of Sydney buildings using the elevators or stairs. Infrared people counters were installed to monitor stair and elevator use for 24 h/day during two baseline weeks, followed by two intervention weeks, where motivational and directional signs were placed at points of choice. Results At baseline there was a large between-building variation in the change in stair to elevator proportion, where we observed a small increase in two buildings (81-84%, odds ratio (OR): 1.16 (1.09, 1.23), and 26-27%, OR: 1.09 (1.03, 1.15)), and a decrease (30-25%, OR: 0.75 (0.72, 0.77) in the third building. Conclusions Differences in stair use among buildings could be due to building design and function. Motivational and directional signs to promote stair use showed small or nil effects. The future of interventions promoting stair use in occupational settings may need more interactive or personalised intervention methods. So what? The implications of this study are that posters to promote stair use might be a thing of the past and this should be considered in future workplace health promotion efforts to increase physical activity. More novel and interactive methods using new media are recommended.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lina Engelen
- Prevention Research Collaboration, School of Public Health, Level 6, The Hub, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Joanne Gale
- Prevention Research Collaboration, School of Public Health, Level 6, The Hub, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Josephine Y Chau
- Prevention Research Collaboration, School of Public Health, Level 6, The Hub, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Adrian Bauman
- Prevention Research Collaboration, School of Public Health, Level 6, The Hub, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Abstract
The first quantitative, specific recommendations for sitting time at work were released in June 2015. This paper examines the implications of news coverage received by this position statement. Media reports about statement published May, 31-June, 29, 2015 were analyzed according to five recommendations and three caveats extracted from the guidelines' press release. Information about how physical activity was framed and mentions of conflicts of interest were recorded. Of 58 news reports, nine reported all five recommendations in the position paper. The topline recommendation (two hours daily of standing and light activity) was reported in all articles. Alleviating musculoskeletal discomfort by sitting less was not reported by 72% of reports. Physical activity was mentioned in 32 reports: 69% said physical activity did not attenuate the risks of prolonged sitting. No reports mentioned any potential conflicts of interest despite co-author links to sit-stand desk industry. These results demonstrate the need to balance public and market demands for public health guidance around sitting; and could encourage more accurate communication of research outcomes. The physical activity component of the "move more and sit less" message requires greater efforts to raise its public salience.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Josephine Y Chau
- a Prevention Research Collaboration, School of Public Health, Charles Perkins Centre , University of Sydney
| | - Bronwyn McGill
- a Prevention Research Collaboration, School of Public Health, Charles Perkins Centre , University of Sydney
| | - Becky Freeman
- a Prevention Research Collaboration, School of Public Health, Charles Perkins Centre , University of Sydney
| | | | - Adrian Bauman
- a Prevention Research Collaboration, School of Public Health, Charles Perkins Centre , University of Sydney
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Chau JY, Reyes-Marcelino G, Burnett ACR, Bauman AE, Freeman B. Hyping health effects: a news analysis of the ‘new smoking’ and the role of sitting. Br J Sports Med 2018; 53:1039-1040. [DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2018-099432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
18
|
Loyen A, Chey T, Engelen L, Bauman A, Lakerveld J, van der Ploeg HP, Brug J, Chau JY. Recent trends in population levels and correlates of occupational and leisure sitting time in full-time employed Australian adults. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0195177. [PMID: 29649243 PMCID: PMC5896918 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0195177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the trend in population levels, as well as the correlates, of occupational and leisure sitting time in full-time employed Australian adults between 2007 and 2015. We used data from the 2007/08, 2011/12 and 2014/15 Australian Health Surveys, in which nationally representative samples of the Australian population were interviewed. Full-time (≥35 hours/week) employed respondents reported sitting time at work and during leisure on a usual workday. Trends over time and associations between socio-demographic and health-related characteristics and sitting time were analysed in the combined dataset using multivariable logistic regression models. Over 21,000 observations were included in the analyses. Across the three surveys, approximately 51% of the respondents reported ≥4 hours/workday occupational sitting time, 40% reported ≥4 hours/workday leisure sitting time, and 55% reported ≥7 hours/workday combined occupational and leisure sitting time. There were no clear trends over time. All potential correlates were associated with occupational sitting time and all but educational level were associated with leisure sitting time. The directions of the associations with gender, age and leisure-time physical activity were reversed for occupational sitting time and leisure sitting time. These findings show that the average levels of occupational and leisure sitting time on workdays were high but stable over the past decade. The observed differences in correlates of occupational and leisure sitting time demonstrate the need to assess and address sedentary behaviour domains separately in research and policy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Loyen
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Tien Chey
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health and Charles Perkins Centre, the University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Lina Engelen
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health and Charles Perkins Centre, the University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Adrian Bauman
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health and Charles Perkins Centre, the University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jeroen Lakerveld
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Hidde P. van der Ploeg
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health and Charles Perkins Centre, the University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Johannes Brug
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam School for Communication Research, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Josephine Y. Chau
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health and Charles Perkins Centre, the University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Chau JY, McGill B, Thomas MM, Carroll TE, Bellew W, Bauman A, Grunseit AC. Is this health campaign really social marketing? A checklist to help you decide. Health Promot J Austr 2018; 29:79-83. [PMID: 29700937 DOI: 10.1002/hpja.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
ISSUE ADDRESSED Social marketing (SM) campaigns can be a powerful disease prevention and health promotion strategy but health-related campaigns may simply focus on the "promotions" communication activities and exclude other key characteristics of the SM approach. This paper describes the application of a checklist for identifying which lifestyle-related chronic disease prevention campaigns reported as SM actually represent key SM principles and practice. METHODS A checklist of SM criteria was developed, reviewed and refined by SM and mass media campaign experts. Papers identified in searches for "social marketing" and "mass media" for obesity, diet and physical activity campaigns in the health literature were classified using the checklist. RESULTS Using the checklist, 66.6% of papers identified in the "SM" search and 39% of papers identified from the "mass media" search were classified as SM campaigns. Inter-rater agreement for classification using the abstract only was 92.1%. CONCLUSIONS Health-related campaigns that self-identify as "social marketing" or "mass media" may not include the key characteristics of a SM approach. Published literature can provide useful guidance for developing and evaluating health-related SM campaigns, but health promotion professionals need to be able to identify what actually comprises SM in practice. SO WHAT?: SM could be a valuable strategy in comprehensive health promotion interventions, but it is often difficult for non-experts to identify published campaigns that represent a true SM approach. This paper describes the application of a checklist to assist policy makers and practitioners in appraising evidence from campaigns reflecting actual SM in practice. The checklist could also guide reporting on SM campaigns.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Josephine Y Chau
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Bronwyn McGill
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Margaret M Thomas
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Tom E Carroll
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Carroll Communications, Social Marketing and Research Consultants, Sydney, Australia
| | - William Bellew
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Adrian Bauman
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,The Australian Prevention Partnership Centre, Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Anne C Grunseit
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,The Australian Prevention Partnership Centre, Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Engelen L, Chau JY, Burks-Young S, Bauman A. Application of ecological momentary assessment in workplace health evaluation. Health Promot J Austr 2018; 27:259-263. [PMID: 27596817 DOI: 10.1071/he16043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Issue addressed Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) involves repeated sampling of current behaviours and experiences in real-time at random intervals. EMA is an innovative measurement method for program evaluation, using mobile technology (e.g. smartphones) to collect valid contextual health promotion data with good compliance. The present study examined the feasibility of using EMA for measuring workplace health outcomes. Methods Twenty-two office-based adults were prompted at four random times per work-day during a 5-day period to respond to a short survey via a smartphone application. The prompting stopped when participants had either responded 12 times or the 5-day period had ended. The questions pertained to posture, task currently being undertaken, social interactions, musculoskeletal issues, mood, and perceptions of engagement and creativity. Results In total 156 responses were collected. Nine participants completed all 12 surveys; the average completion rate was 58% (7/12). The average completion time was initially 50s and reduced to 24s during the later surveys. On average the participants were sitting and standing in 79% and 14% of survey instances, respectively. The participants reported they were working alone at their desks in 68% of instances. Reported productivity and stress were on average 6 and 3 out of 10, respectively, but varied up to 6-8 points within one person, hence the method appears sensitive to temporal variations in perceptions and mood. Conclusion Given the rich real-time data, minimal participant burden and use of readily available technology, EMA has substantial potential in workplace health promotion evaluation through the measurement of participants' well being, activities, and behaviour change. So what? An in-the-moment method using readily available mobile technology to assess participants' perceptions, mood and activity that provides rich information with minimal participant burden is a promising way to evaluate future health promotion programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lina Engelen
- Prevention Research Collaboration, School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Josephine Y Chau
- Prevention Research Collaboration, School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Sarah Burks-Young
- Prevention Research Collaboration, School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Adrian Bauman
- Prevention Research Collaboration, School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Wallmann-Sperlich B, Chau JY, Froboese I. Self-reported actual and desired proportion of sitting, standing, walking and physically demanding tasks of office employees in the workplace setting: do they fit together? BMC Res Notes 2017; 10:504. [PMID: 29145883 PMCID: PMC5693475 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-017-2829-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Occupational sitting time in white-collar workers represents a prominent contributor to overall daily sitting time, which is associated with various health risks. Workplace interventions intending to reduce sitting time during work typically focus on replacing sitting with standing. The aim was to investigate and compare actual and desired proportions of time spent sitting, standing, walking, and doing physically demanding tasks at work reported by desk-based workers. Cross-sectional data were collected from German desk-based workers (n = 614; 53.3% men; 40.9 ± 13.5 years). All were interviewed about their self-reported actual and desired level of sitting, standing, walking and physically demanding tasks at work. RESULTS Desk-based workers reported to sit 73.0%, stand 10.2%, walk 12.9% and do physically demanding tasks 3.9% of their working hours. However, the individuals desire to sit, stand, walk and do physically demand tasks significantly different [53.8% sit, 15.8% stand, 22.8% walk, physically demanding tasks (7.7%), p < 0.001]. The present data revealed greatest mismatch between the desk-based workers' actual and desired time for sitting and walking. Health promotion programs should offer not only options for more standing but also opportunities for more walking within the workplace setting to better match workers' desires.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Birgit Wallmann-Sperlich
- Institute for Sports Science, Julius-Maximilians University Würzburg, Am Judenbühlweg 11, Würzburg, 97082, Germany.
| | - Josephine Y Chau
- Prevention Research Collaboration, School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Charles Perkins Centre, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Ingo Froboese
- Institute of Health Promotion and Clinical Movement Science, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Cassidy S, Chau JY, Catt M, Bauman A, Trenell MI. Low physical activity, high television viewing and poor sleep duration cluster in overweight and obese adults; a cross-sectional study of 398,984 participants from the UK Biobank. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2017; 14:57. [PMID: 28454540 PMCID: PMC5408822 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-017-0514-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An unhealthy lifestyle is one of the greatest contributors to obesity. A number of behaviours are linked with obesity, but are often measured separately. The UK Biobank cohort of >500,000 participants allows us to explore these behaviours simultaneously. We therefore aimed to compare physical activity, television (TV) viewing and sleep duration across body mass index (BMI) categories in a large sample of UK adults. METHODS UK Biobank participants were recruited and baseline measures were taken between 2007 and 2010 and data analysis was performed in 2015. BMI was measured objectively using trained staff. Self-report questionnaires were used to measure lifestyle behaviours including the international physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ-short form) for physical activity. During data analysis, six groups were defined based on BMI; 'Underweight' (n = 2026), 'Normal weight' (n = 132,372), 'Overweight (n = 171,030), 'Obese I' (n = 67,903), 'Obese II' (n = 18,653) and 'Obese III' (n = 7000). The odds of reporting unhealthy lifestyle behaviours (low physical activity, high TV viewing or poor sleep duration) were compared across BMI groups using logistic regression analysis. RESULTS Overweight and obese adults were more likely to report low levels of physical activity (≤967.5 MET.mins/wk) ('Overweight'-OR [95% CI]: 1.23 [1.20 to 1.26], 'Obese I' 1.66 [1.61-1.71], 'Obese II' 2.21 [2.12-2.30], and 'Obese III' 3.13 [2.95 to 3.23]) compared to 'Normal weight' adults. The odds of reporting high TV viewing (3 h/day) was greater in 'Overweight' (1.52 [1.48 to 1.55]) and obese adults ('Obese I' 2.06 [2.00-2.12], 'Obese II' 2.69 [2.58-2.80], 'Obese III' 3.26 [3.07 to 3.47]), and poor sleep duration (<7, >8 h/night) was higher in 'Overweight' (1.09 [1.07 to 1.12]) and obese adults ('Obese I' 1.31 [1.27-1.34], 'Obese II' 1.50 [1.44-1.56], 'Obese III' (1.78 [1.68 to 1.89]) compared to the 'Normal weight' group. These lifestyle behaviours were clustered, the odds of reporting simultaneous low physical activity, high TV viewing and poor sleep (unhealthy behavioural phenotype) was higher than reporting these behaviours independently, in overweight and obese groups. 'Obese III' adults were almost six times more likely (5.47 [4.96 to 6.05]) to report an unhealthy behavioural phenotype compared to the 'Normal weight' group. CONCLUSIONS Overweight and obese adults report low levels of physical activity, high TV viewing and poor sleep duration. These behaviours seem to cluster and collectively expose individuals to greater risk of obesity. Multiple lifestyle behaviours should be targeted in future interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Cassidy
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH UK
| | - Josephine Y. Chau
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, Charles Perkins Centre D17, Level 6 The Hub, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006 Australia
| | - Michael Catt
- Institute of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH UK
| | - Adrian Bauman
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, Charles Perkins Centre D17, Level 6 The Hub, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006 Australia
| | - Michael I. Trenell
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH UK
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Grunseit AC, Chau JY, Rangul V, Holmen TL, Bauman A. Patterns of sitting and mortality in the Nord-Trøndelag health study (HUNT). Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2017; 14:8. [PMID: 28122625 PMCID: PMC5267382 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-016-0457-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current evidence concerning sedentary behaviour and mortality risk has used single time point assessments of sitting. Little is known about how changes in sitting levels over time affect subsequent mortality risk. AIM To examine the associations between patterns of sitting time assessed at two time points 11 years apart and risk of all-cause and cardio-metabolic disease mortality. METHODS Participants were 25,651 adults aged > =20 years old from the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study with self-reported total sitting time in 1995-1997 (HUNT2) and 2006-2008 (HUNT3). Four categories characterised patterns of sitting: (1) low at HUNT2/ low at HUNT3, 'consistently low sitting'; (2) low at HUNT2/high at HUNT3, 'increased sitting'; (3) high at HUNT2/low at HUNT3, 'reduced sitting'; and (4) high at HUNT2 /high at HUNT3, 'consistently high sitting'. Associations of sitting pattern with all-cause and cardio-metabolic disease mortality were analysed using Cox regression adjusted for confounders. RESULTS Mean follow-up was 6.2 years (158880 person-years); 1212 participants died. Compared to 'consistently low sitting', adjusted hazard ratios for all-cause mortality were 1.51 (95% CI: 1.28-2.78), 1.03 (95% CI: 0.88-1.20), and 1.26 (95% CI: 1.06-1.51) for 'increased sitting', 'reduced sitting' and 'consistently high sitting' respectively. CONCLUSIONS Examining patterns of sitting over time augments single time-point analyses of risk exposures associated with high sitting time. Whilst sitting habits can be stable over a long period, life events (e.g., changing jobs, retiring or illness) may influence sitting trajectories and therefore sitting-attributable risk. Reducing sitting may yield mortality risks comparable to a stable low-sitting pattern.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne C Grunseit
- Prevention Research Collaboration, School of Public Health, Charles Perkins Centre (D17), University of Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia.
| | - Josephine Y Chau
- Prevention Research Collaboration, School of Public Health, Charles Perkins Centre (D17), University of Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
| | - Vegar Rangul
- Department of Public health and General practice, HUNT Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway
| | - Turid Lingaas Holmen
- Department of Public health and General practice, HUNT Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway
| | - Adrian Bauman
- Prevention Research Collaboration, School of Public Health, Charles Perkins Centre (D17), University of Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia.,Department of Public health and General practice, HUNT Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Engelen L, Gale J, Chau JY, Hardy LL, Mackey M, Johnson N, Shirley D, Bauman A. Who is at risk of chronic disease? Associations between risk profiles of physical activity, sitting and cardio‐metabolic disease in Australian adults. Aust N Z J Public Health 2016; 41:178-183. [DOI: 10.1111/1753-6405.12627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2016] [Revised: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lina Engelen
- School of Public HealthUniversity of Sydney New South Wales
- Charles Perkins CentreUniversity of Sydney New South Wales
| | - Joanne Gale
- School of Public HealthUniversity of Sydney New South Wales
- Charles Perkins CentreUniversity of Sydney New South Wales
| | - Josephine Y. Chau
- School of Public HealthUniversity of Sydney New South Wales
- Charles Perkins CentreUniversity of Sydney New South Wales
| | - Louise L. Hardy
- School of Public HealthUniversity of Sydney New South Wales
- Charles Perkins CentreUniversity of Sydney New South Wales
| | - Martin Mackey
- Discipline of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of Sydney New South Wales
| | - Nathan Johnson
- Exercise and Sport Science, Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of Sydney New South Wales
- Boden Institute of Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise and Eating DisordersUniversity of Sydney New South Wales
| | - Debra Shirley
- Discipline of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of Sydney New South Wales
| | - Adrian Bauman
- School of Public HealthUniversity of Sydney New South Wales
- Charles Perkins CentreUniversity of Sydney New South Wales
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Ding D, Grunseit AC, Chau JY, Vo K, Byles J, Bauman AE. Retirement-A Transition to a Healthier Lifestyle?: Evidence From a Large Australian Study. Am J Prev Med 2016; 51:170-178. [PMID: 26972491 DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2016.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Revised: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Population aging is associated with a rising burden of non-communicable disease, profoundly impacting health policy and practice. Adopting and adhering to healthy lifestyles in middle or older age can protect against morbidity and mortality. Retirement brings opportunities to reconfigure habitual lifestyles and establish new routines. This study examines the longitudinal association between retirement and a range of lifestyle risk behaviors among a large population-based sample of Australian adults. METHODS Study sample included working adults aged ≥45 years at baseline (2006-2009, N=23,478-26,895). Lifestyle behaviors, including smoking, alcohol use, physical activity, diet, sedentary behavior, and sleep, were measured at both baseline and follow-up (2010). Logistic regression models estimated the odds of having each risk factor at follow-up and multiple linear regression models calculated the change in the total number of risk factors, adjusted for baseline risk and other covariates. Sociodemographic characteristics and reasons for retirement were tested as potential effect modifiers. RESULTS During the 3.3-year follow-up, about 11% of respondents retired. Retirement was associated significantly with reduced odds of smoking (AOR=0.74); physical inactivity (AOR=0.73); excessive sitting (AOR=0.34); and at-risk sleep patterns (AOR=0.82). There was no significant association between retirement and alcohol use or fruit and vegetable consumption. Change in the total number of lifestyle risk factors differed significantly by reason for retirement. CONCLUSIONS In a large population-based Australian cohort, retirement was associated with positive lifestyle changes. Health professionals and policymakers should consider developing special programs for retirees to capitalize on the healthy transitions through retirement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ding Ding
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, the University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales,Australia; Centre for Chronic Disease Prevention, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Anne C Grunseit
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, the University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales,Australia
| | - Josephine Y Chau
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, the University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales,Australia
| | - Kha Vo
- Faculty of Health and Medicine, the University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Julie Byles
- Faculty of Health and Medicine, the University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Adrian E Bauman
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, the University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales,Australia
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Biddle SJH, Bennie JA, Bauman AE, Chau JY, Dunstan D, Owen N, Stamatakis E, van Uffelen JGZ. Too much sitting and all-cause mortality: is there a causal link? BMC Public Health 2016; 16:635. [PMID: 27456959 PMCID: PMC4960753 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-016-3307-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sedentary behaviours (time spent sitting, with low energy expenditure) are associated with deleterious health outcomes, including all-cause mortality. Whether this association can be considered causal has yet to be established. Using systematic reviews and primary studies from those reviews, we drew upon Bradford Hill’s criteria to consider the likelihood that sedentary behaviour in epidemiological studies is likely to be causally related to all-cause (premature) mortality. Methods Searches for systematic reviews on sedentary behaviours and all-cause mortality yielded 386 records which, when judged against eligibility criteria, left eight reviews (addressing 17 primary studies) for analysis. Exposure measures included self-reported total sitting time, TV viewing time, and screen time. Studies included comparisons of a low-sedentary reference group with several higher sedentary categories, or compared the highest versus lowest sedentary behaviour groups. We employed four Bradford Hill criteria: strength of association, consistency, temporality, and dose–response. Evidence supporting causality at the level of each systematic review and primary study was judged using a traffic light system depicting green for causal evidence, amber for mixed or inconclusive evidence, and red for no evidence for causality (either evidence of no effect or no evidence reported). Results The eight systematic reviews showed evidence for consistency (7 green) and temporality (6 green), and some evidence for strength of association (4 green). There was no evidence for a dose–response relationship (5 red). Five reviews were rated green overall. Twelve (67 %) of the primary studies were rated green, with evidence for strength and temporality. Conclusions There is reasonable evidence for a likely causal relationship between sedentary behaviour and all-cause mortality based on the epidemiological criteria of strength of association, consistency of effect, and temporality. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12889-016-3307-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stuart J H Biddle
- Active Living & Public Health, Institute of Sport, Exercise & Active Living (ISEAL), Victoria University, Footscray Park, Melbourne, VIC, 8001, Australia. .,Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Jason A Bennie
- Active Living & Public Health, Institute of Sport, Exercise & Active Living (ISEAL), Victoria University, Footscray Park, Melbourne, VIC, 8001, Australia
| | | | | | - David Dunstan
- Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.,Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.,University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia.,University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.,The Australian Catholic University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Neville Owen
- Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Emmanuel Stamatakis
- University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,University College London, London, UK
| | - Jannique G Z van Uffelen
- Active Living & Public Health, Institute of Sport, Exercise & Active Living (ISEAL), Victoria University, Footscray Park, Melbourne, VIC, 8001, Australia.,Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Chau JY, Engelen L, Burks-Young S, Daley M, Maxwell JK, Milton K, Bauman A. Perspectives on a 'Sit Less, Move More' Intervention in Australian Emergency Call Centres. AIMS Public Health 2016; 3:288-297. [PMID: 29546163 PMCID: PMC5690355 DOI: 10.3934/publichealth.2016.2.288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Prolonged sitting is associated with increased risk of chronic diseases. Workplace programs that aim to reduce sitting time (sit less) and increase physical activity (move more) have targeted desk-based workers in corporate and university settings with promising results. However, little is known about ‘move more, sit less’ programs for workers in other types of jobs and industries, such as shift workers. This formative research examines the perceptions of a ‘sit less, move more’ program in an Australian Emergency Call Centre that operates 24 hours per day, 7 days per week. Methods Participants were employees (N = 39, 72% female, 50% aged 36–55 years) recruited from Emergency Services control centres located in New South Wales, Australia. The ‘sit less, move more’ intervention, consisting of emails, posters and timer lights, was co-designed with the management team and tailored to the control centre environment and work practices, which already included electronic height-adjustable sit-stand workstations for all call centre staff. Participants reported their perceptions and experiences of the intervention in a self-report online questionnaire, and directly to the research team during regular site visits. Questionnaire topics included barriers and facilitators to standing while working, mental wellbeing, effects on work performance, and workplace satisfaction. Field notes and open-ended response data were analysed in an iterative process during and after data collection to identify the main themes. Results Whilst participants already had sit-stand workstations, use of the desks in the standing position varied and sometimes were contrary to expectations (e.g, less tired standing than sitting; standing when experiencing high call stress). Participants emphasised the “challenging” and “unrelenting” nature of their work. They reported sleep issues (“always tired”), work stress (“non-stop demands”), and feeling mentally and physically drained due to shift work and length of shifts. Overall, participants liked the initiative but acknowledged that their predominantly sitting habits were entrenched and work demands took precedence. Conclusions This study demonstrates the low acceptability of a ‘sit less, move more’ program in shift workers in high stress environments like emergency call centres. Work demands take priority and other health concerns, like poor sleep and high stress, may be more salient than the need to sit less and move more during work shifts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Josephine Y Chau
- Prevention Research Collaboration, School of Public Health, The Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney
| | - Lina Engelen
- Prevention Research Collaboration, School of Public Health, The Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney
| | - Sarah Burks-Young
- Prevention Research Collaboration, School of Public Health, The Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney
| | - Michelle Daley
- National Heart Foundation of Australia, New South Wales Division
| | - Jen-Kui Maxwell
- National Heart Foundation of Australia, New South Wales Division
| | - Karen Milton
- Prevention Research Collaboration, School of Public Health, The Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney.,British Heart Foundation Centre on Population Approaches for Non Communicable Disease Prevention, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford
| | - Adrian Bauman
- Prevention Research Collaboration, School of Public Health, The Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Cassidy S, Chau JY, Catt M, Bauman A, Trenell MI. Cross-sectional study of diet, physical activity, television viewing and sleep duration in 233,110 adults from the UK Biobank; the behavioural phenotype of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. BMJ Open 2016; 6:e010038. [PMID: 27008686 PMCID: PMC4800116 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2015-010038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Simultaneously define diet, physical activity, television (TV) viewing, and sleep duration across cardiometabolic disease groups, and investigate clustering of non-diet lifestyle behaviours. DESIGN Cross-sectional observational study. SETTING 22 UK Biobank assessment centres across the UK. PARTICIPANTS 502,664 adults aged 37-63 years old, 54% women. 4 groups were defined based on disease status; 'No disease' (n=103,993), 'cardiovascular disease' (CVD n=113,469), 'Type 2 diabetes without CVD' (n=4074) and 'Type 2 diabetes + CVD' (n=11,574). MAIN OUTCOMES Diet, physical activity, TV viewing and sleep duration. RESULTS People with 'CVD' report low levels of physical activity (<918 MET min/week, OR (95% CI) 1.23 (1.20 to 1.25)), high levels of TV viewing (>3 h/day; 1.42 (1.39 to 1.45)), and poor sleep duration (<7, >8 h/night; 1.37 (1.34 to 1.39)) relative to people without disease. People with 'Type 2 diabetes + CVD' were more likely to report low physical activity (1.71 (1.64 to 1.78)), high levels of TV viewing (1.92 (1.85 to 1.99)) and poor sleep duration (1.52 (1.46 to 1.58)) relative to people without disease. Non-diet behaviours were clustered, with people with 'CVD' or 'Type 2 diabetes + CVD' more likely to report simultaneous low physical activity, high TV viewing and poor sleep duration than those without disease (2.15 (2.03 to 2.28) and 3.29 (3.02 to 3.58), respectively). By contrast, 3 in 4 adults with 'Type 2 diabetes', and 2 in 4 adults with 'CVD' have changed their diet in the past 5 years, compared with only 1 in 4 in the 'No disease' group. Models were adjusted for gender, age, body mass index, Townsend Deprivation Index, ethnicity, alcohol intake, smoking and meeting fruit/vegetable guidelines. CONCLUSIONS Low physical activity, high TV and poor sleep duration are prominent unaddressed high-risk characteristics of both CVD and type 2 diabetes, and are likely to be clustered together.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Cassidy
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Josephine Y Chau
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, Charles Perkins Centre D17, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Michael Catt
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Adrian Bauman
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, Charles Perkins Centre D17, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Michael I Trenell
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND Occupying new, active design office buildings designed for health promotion and connectivity provides an opportunity to evaluate indoor environment effects on healthy behaviour, sedentariness and workplace perceptions. AIMS To determine if moving to a health-promoting building changed workplace physical activity, sedentary behaviour, workplace perceptions and productivity. METHODS Participants from four locations at the University of Sydney, Australia, relocated into a new active design building. After consent, participants completed an online questionnaire 2 months before moving and 2 months after. Questions related to health behaviours (physical activity and sitting time), musculoskeletal issues, perceptions of the office environment, productivity and engagement. RESULTS There were 34 participants (60% aged 25-45, 78% female, 84% employed full-time); 21 participants provided complete data. Results showed that after the move participants spent less work time sitting (83-70%; P < 0.01) and more time standing (9-21%; P < 0.01), while walking time remained unchanged. Participants reported less low back pain (P < 0.01). Sixty per cent of participants in the new workplace were in an open-plan office, compared to 16% before moving. Participants perceived the new work environment as more stimulating, better lit and ventilated, but noisier and providing less storage. No difference was reported in daily physical activity, number of stairs climbed or productivity. CONCLUSIONS Moving to an active design building appeared to have physical health-promoting effects on workers, but workers' perceptions about the new work environment varied. These results will inform future studies in other new buildings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Engelen
- Prevention Research Collaboration, School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia,
| | - H M Dhillon
- Centre for Medical Psychology and Evidence-based Decision-making, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - J Y Chau
- Prevention Research Collaboration, School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - D Hespe
- Prevention Research Collaboration, School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - A E Bauman
- Prevention Research Collaboration, School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
van Nassau F, Chau JY, Lakerveld J, Bauman AE, van der Ploeg HP. Validity and responsiveness of four measures of occupational sitting and standing. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2015; 12:144. [PMID: 26608219 PMCID: PMC4660635 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-015-0306-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Evidence on the detrimental health effects of prolonged sedentary behavior is accumulating. Interventions need to have a specific focus on sedentary behavior in order to generate clinically meaningful decreases in sedentary time. When evaluating such intervention, the question whether a participant improved or deteriorated their behavior is fundamental and instruments that are able to detect those changes are essential. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the criterion validity against activPAL and responsiveness to change of two activity monitors (ActiGraph and activPAL) and two questionnaires for the assessment of occupational sitting and standing time. Methods 42 participants took part in the Stand@Work intervention trial. Six (T0) and two (T1) weeks before they received a sit-stand workstation and three weeks thereafter (T2), participants wore an ActiGraph and an activPAL activity monitor, and completed the Occupational Sitting and Physical Activity Questionnaire (OSPAQ) and the Workforce Sitting Questionnaire (WSQ). The activPAL was used as the criterion validity measure. Results The ActiGraph showed strong validity for occupational sedentary time at T0 and T1 (Spearman rho = 0.77 and 0.69), but its validity dropped substantially after introduction of the sit-stand workstation (rho = 0.19). Correlations between occupational light-intensity activity assessed by the ActiGraph and occupational standing time assessed by the activPAL varied between 0.25–0.63. The occupational sitting validity correlation of the OSPAQ and WSQ varied from 0.35-0.48 and 0.25-0.30, respectively, and between 0.16–0.68 for the OSPAQ for occupational standing time. The intervention-induced changes in occupational sitting and standing time were well detected by the activPAL, OSPAQ and WSQ (sitting only), but not by the ActiGraph, which had the lowest responsiveness to change. Conclusions This study suggests that studies aimed at determining differences in occupational sitting and standing time should use activPAL-type inclinometers as a preferred type of objective measure. Simple questionnaires showed sufficient validity and are usable in addition to an objective measure or alone when objective monitoring is not possible. The hip-worn ActiGraph was unable to distinguish between occupational sitting and standing time, when using uniaxial data and traditional cut-points for sedentary time and light-intensity activity. Trial registration The study was registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (No. ACTRN 12612000072819).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Femke van Nassau
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Josephine Y Chau
- Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, L6 Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
| | - Jeroen Lakerveld
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Adrian E Bauman
- Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, L6 Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
| | - Hidde P van der Ploeg
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. .,Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, L6 Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Grunseit AC, O’Hara BJ, Chau JY, Briggs M, Bauman AE. Getting the message across: outcomes and risk profiles by awareness levels of the "measure-up" obesity prevention campaign in Australia. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0121387. [PMID: 25844811 PMCID: PMC4386760 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0121387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2014] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity campaign evaluations have used campaign awareness to assess impact, yet have not compared unprompted campaign recallers, with prompted recallers and those with no campaign recall. Using data from an Australian mass-media obesity prevention campaign linking waist circumference and chronic disease we examined whether those with different degrees of campaign recall are distinct groups demographically and for subsequent campaign effects. METHODS A national cross-sectional telephone survey of randomly selected adults aged 18 to 65 years was conducted post- campaign (n = 2812) covering campaign recall, self-reported diet and physical activity (PA) and waist-measuring knowledge, behaviours and intentions to make lifestyle changes. Respondents were divided into three groups indicating campaign recall: Unprompted Recallers (n=1154); Prompted Recallers (n=1284); and No Recallers (n=374) and compared on demographic, knowledge, and behavioural risk factors for obesity/chronic disease. RESULTS Unprompted Recallers were more likely to speak English at home (p<.001), be in the primary campaign target group (25-45 years with children) (p<0.001) than the other two groups and to be university educated and female than the Prompted Recall group only (p=0.001). Unprompted Recallers had better knowledge about recommended waist circumference (p<.001), fruit (p=0.004), vegetable (p<0.001) and PA guidelines (p<0.001) than both the other groups. The No Recall group was less likely than the other two to be overweight/obese (46% vs 55%, p=0.020 and 54%, p=0.037), comparable on meeting fruit consumption and PA guidelines but more likely to meet vegetable intake recommendations (than Unprompted Recallers only). CONCLUSIONS Unprompted recallers were more knowledgeable about campaign messages; behaviour change and intentions to change were stronger for the two recall groups compared with the No Recall group but not different between them. The current analysis revealed subtle differences in campaign exposure and/or attendance by different demographic subgroups that would not be apparent in a simple aware/unaware dichotomy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne C. Grunseit
- Prevention Research Collaboration, School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- * E-mail:
| | - Blythe J. O’Hara
- Prevention Research Collaboration, School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Josephine Y. Chau
- Prevention Research Collaboration, School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Megan Briggs
- Health Marketing Unit, People, Capability and Communication Division, Department of Health, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Adrian E. Bauman
- Prevention Research Collaboration, School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
van der Ploeg HP, Chey T, Ding D, Chau JY, Stamatakis E, Bauman AE. Standing time and all-cause mortality in a large cohort of Australian adults. Prev Med 2014; 69:187-91. [PMID: 25456805 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2014.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2014] [Revised: 10/04/2014] [Accepted: 10/08/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the association between standing time and all-cause mortality. METHODS Prospective questionnaire data from 221,240 individuals from the 45 and Up Study were linked to mortality data from the New South Wales Registry of Deaths (Australia) from February 1, 2006 to June 17, 2012. Hazard ratios for all-cause mortality according to standing time at baseline were estimated in 2013 using Cox regression modelling, adjusted for sex, age, education, urban/rural residence, physical activity, sitting time, body mass index, smoking status, self-rated health and disability. RESULTS During 937,411 person years (mean follow-up=4.2 yr) 8009 deaths occurred. All-cause mortality hazard ratios were 0.90 (95% CI 0.85-0.95), 0.85 (95% CI 0.80-0.95), and 0.76 (95% CI 0.69-0.95) for standing 2-≤5h/d, 5-≤8h/d, or >8h/d respectively, compared to standing two or less hours per day. Further analyses revealed no significant interactions between standing and sex (p=0.93), the presence/absence of cardiovascular disease or diabetes (p=0.22), BMI (p=0.78), physical activity (p=0.16) and sitting time (p=0.22). CONCLUSION This study showed a dose-response association between standing time and all-cause mortality in Australian adults aged 45 years and older. Increasing standing may hold promise for alleviating the health risks of prolonged sitting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hidde P van der Ploeg
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Tien Chey
- Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ding Ding
- Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Josephine Y Chau
- Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Emmanuel Stamatakis
- Exercise and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Physical Activity Research Group (UCL-PARG), Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Adrian E Bauman
- Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Chau JY, Daley M, Dunn S, Srinivasan A, Do A, Bauman AE, van der Ploeg HP. The effectiveness of sit-stand workstations for changing office workers' sitting time: results from the Stand@Work randomized controlled trial pilot. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2014; 11:127. [PMID: 25291960 PMCID: PMC4194364 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-014-0127-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2014] [Accepted: 10/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Prolonged sitting time is detrimental for health. Individuals with desk-based occupations tend to sit a great deal and sit-stand workstations have been identified as a potential strategy to reduce sitting time. Hence, the objective of the current study was to examine the effects of using sit-stand workstations on office workers’ sitting time at work and over the whole day. Methods We conducted a randomized controlled trial pilot with crossover design and waiting list control in Sydney, Australia from September 2011 to July 2012 (n = 42; 86% female; mean age 38 ± 11 years). Participants used a sit-stand workstation for four weeks in the intervention condition. In the time-matched control condition, participants received nothing and crossed over to the intervention condition after four weeks. The primary outcomes, sitting, standing and walking time at work, were assessed before and after using the workstations with ActivPALs and self-report questionnaires. Secondary outcomes, domain-specific sitting over the whole day, were assessed by self-report. Linear mixed models estimated changes in outcomes adjusting for measurement time, study grouping and covariates. Results Intervention participants significantly reduced objectively assessed time spent sitting at work by 73 min/workday (95% CI: −106,-39) and increased standing time at work by 65 min/workday (95% CI: 47, 83); these changes were significant relative to controls (p = 0.004 and p < 0.001, respectively). Total sitting time significantly declined in intervention participants (−80 min/workday; 95% CI: −155, −4). Conclusions This study shows that introducing sit-stand workstations in the office can reduce desk-based workers’ sitting time at work in the short term. Larger scale studies on more representative samples are needed to determine the public health impact of sit-stand workstations. Trial registration ACTRN12612000072819 Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12966-014-0127-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Hidde P van der Ploeg
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, 92-94 Parramatta Road, Camperdown 2050, NSW, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Pedisic Z, Grunseit A, Ding D, Chau JY, Banks E, Stamatakis E, Jalaludin BB, Bauman AE. High sitting time or obesity: Which came first? Bidirectional association in a longitudinal study of 31,787 Australian adults. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2014; 22:2126-30. [PMID: 24943057 PMCID: PMC4265269 DOI: 10.1002/oby.20817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Accepted: 06/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Evidence on the direction of the association between sitting time and obesity is limited. The prospective associations between baseline total sitting time and subsequent changes in body mass index (BMI), and baseline BMI and subsequent changes in sitting time were examined. METHODS BMI, from self-reported height and weight, and a single-item measure of sitting time were ascertained at two time points (3.4 ± 0.96 years apart) in a prospective questionnaire-based cohort of 31,787 Australians aged 45-65 years without severe physical limitations. RESULTS In a fully adjusted model, baseline obesity was associated with increased sitting time among all participants (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.20 [95% CI, 1.11-1.30]; P < 0.001) and in most subgroups. The association was significant among those who were sitting <4 hours/day (aOR = 1.24 [95% CI, 1.07-1.44]; P = 0.004) and 4-8 hours/day at baseline (aOR=1.18 [95% CI, 1.06-1.32]; P = 0.003), but not in the high sitting groups (P = 0.111 and 0.188 for 8-11 and ≥11 sitting hours/day, respectively). Nonsignificant and inconsistent results were observed for the association between baseline sitting time and subsequent change in BMI. CONCLUSIONS Our findings support the hypothesis that obesity may lead to a subsequent increase in total sitting time, but the association in the other direction is unclear.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zeljko Pedisic
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, The University of SydneySydney, Australia
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of ZagrebZagreb, Croatia
| | - Anne Grunseit
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, The University of SydneySydney, Australia
| | - Ding Ding
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, The University of SydneySydney, Australia
| | - Josephine Y Chau
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, The University of SydneySydney, Australia
| | - Emily Banks
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Australian National UniversityCanberra, Australia
- The Sax InstituteSydney, Australia
| | - Emmanuel Stamatakis
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, The University of SydneySydney, Australia
- Exercise Health and Performance Faculty Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of SydneyAustralia
- Charles Perkins Centre, University of SydneyAustralia
- Physical Activity Research Group (PARG), Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Population Health Division, University College LondonLondon, UK
| | - Bin B Jalaludin
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, The University of New South WalesSydney, Australia
| | - Adrian E Bauman
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, The University of SydneySydney, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Chau JY, Daley M, Srinivasan A, Dunn S, Bauman AE, van der Ploeg HP. Desk-based workers' perspectives on using sit-stand workstations: a qualitative analysis of the Stand@Work study. BMC Public Health 2014; 14:752. [PMID: 25059500 PMCID: PMC4125698 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-14-752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Prolonged sitting time has been identified as a health risk factor. Sit-stand workstations allow desk workers to alternate between sitting and standing throughout the working day, but not much is known about their acceptability and feasibility. Hence, the aim of this study was to qualitatively evaluate the acceptability, feasibility and perceptions of using sit-stand workstations in a group of desk-based office workers. Methods This article describes the qualitative evaluation of the randomized controlled cross-over Stand@Work pilot trial. Participants were adult employees recruited from a non-government health agency in Sydney, Australia. The intervention involved using an Ergotron Workfit S sit-stand workstation for four weeks. After the four week intervention, participants shared their perceptions and experiences of using the sit-stand workstation in focus group interviews with 4–5 participants. Topics covered in the focus groups included patterns of workstation use, barriers and facilitators to standing while working, effects on work performance, physical impacts, and feasibility in the office. Focus group field notes and transcripts were analysed in an iterative process during and after the data collection period to identify the main concepts and themes. Results During nine 45-min focus groups, a total of 42 participants were interviewed. Participants were largely intrinsically motivated to try the sit-stand workstation, mostly because of curiosity to try something new, interest in potential health benefits, and the relevance to the participant’s own and organisation’s work. Most participants used the sit-stand workstation and three common usage patterns were identified: task-based routine, time-based routine, and no particular routine. Common barriers to sit-stand workstation use were working in an open plan office, and issues with sit-stand workstation design. Common facilitators of sit-stand workstation use were a supportive work environment conducive to standing, perceived physical health benefits, and perceived work benefits. When prompted, most participants indicated they were interested in using a sit-stand workstation in the future. Conclusions The use of a sit-stand workstation in this group of desk-based office workers was generally perceived as acceptable and feasible. Future studies are needed to explore this in different desk-based work populations and settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Hidde P van der Ploeg
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Medical Foundation Building (K25), Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Stamatakis E, Grunseit AC, Coombs N, Ding D, Chau JY, Phongsavan P, Bauman A. Associations between socio-economic position and sedentary behaviour in a large population sample of Australian middle and older-aged adults: The Social, Economic, and Environmental Factor (SEEF) Study. Prev Med 2014; 63:72-80. [PMID: 24650626 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2014.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2013] [Revised: 01/20/2014] [Accepted: 03/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Socioeconomic position (SEP) is associated with health-related behaviours but little is known about the socioeconomic gradient of sedentary behaviour. This study aims to assess the associations between SEP and multiple indicators of sedentary behaviour among Australian mid-to-older age adults. METHOD Multivariate analysis of 60,404 (>47years, 26,366 in paid employment) participants in the Social, Economic, and Environmental Factor Study, examining the associations between SEP (educational attainment, household income, and an area-level index of socioeconomic advantage) and self-reported daily time for total sitting, TV viewing, computer use, and car driving. Data was collected in 2010 in New South Wales, Australia. RESULTS For participants in paid employment, we found positive associations with all SEP indicators for total sitting and computer use time, and inverse associations for TV viewing. Driving time was inversely associated with education level only. We observed similar but less pronounced patterns of associations among participants not in paid employment. CONCLUSION Higher SEP is linked to higher total sitting and computer time, particularly among those in paid employment, and lower TV viewing time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Stamatakis
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Australia; PARG (Physical Activity Research Group), Population Health Domain, University College London, London, UK; Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Anne C Grunseit
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Australia
| | - Ngaire Coombs
- PARG (Physical Activity Research Group), Population Health Domain, University College London, London, UK; Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Ding Ding
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Australia
| | - Josephine Y Chau
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Australia
| | - Philayrath Phongsavan
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Australia
| | - Adrian Bauman
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Australia
| | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Espinel PT, Chau JY, van der Ploeg HP, Merom D. Older adults' time in sedentary, light and moderate intensity activities and correlates: application of Australian Time Use Survey. J Sci Med Sport 2014; 18:161-6. [PMID: 24702944 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2014.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2013] [Revised: 02/05/2014] [Accepted: 02/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Understanding how older adults spend their time between active and sedentary activities is an important aspect of healthy ageing. This study examined the time spent in all-domains of sedentary, light and moderate intensity physical activities in old age and identified high-risk groups. DESIGN A cross-sectional analysis of Australian 2006 Time Use Survey. METHODS Participants comprised non-working older adults with at least one 24-h time use diary (n=992). Primary activities were recoded by activity domain and intensity. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to calculate the odds ratios of having high sedentary time, low light-intensity physical activity (LIPA), and being insufficiently active (<30 min/day of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, MVPA) by sociodemographic variables. RESULTS Older adults spent 223 and 121 min/day of their waking time in LIPA and MVPA, respectively, mostly (88%) attributed to household chores. One third of participants spent ≥600 min/day in sedentary activities, 63% spent ≥180 min/day in LIPA, 85% achieved sufficient levels of MVPA by all domains, but only 30% of participants by the leisure/transport domains. Neither age nor socio-economic indicators were associated with insufficient MVPA. Marital status and living arrangement were significant correlates of low MVPA and LIPA but moderated by gender. The only correlate of high sedentary time (>10 h/day) was disability or long-term health condition. CONCLUSIONS The majority of older Australians are sufficiently active when considering all domains. Household domain is the main source of LIPA and MVPA. In old age, prolonged sitting is associated with disability. Marital status and living arrangements can be used to identify physically inactive seniors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paola T Espinel
- Prevention Research Collaboration, School of Public Health, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Josephine Y Chau
- Prevention Research Collaboration, School of Public Health, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Hidde P van der Ploeg
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dafna Merom
- School of Science and Health, University of Western Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Chau JY, Grunseit A, Midthjell K, Holmen J, Holmen TL, Bauman AE, van der Ploeg HP. Cross-sectional associations of total sitting and leisure screen time with cardiometabolic risk in adults. Results from the HUNT Study, Norway. J Sci Med Sport 2014; 17:78-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2013.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2012] [Revised: 03/11/2013] [Accepted: 03/21/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
39
|
Chau JY, Grunseit AC, Chey T, Stamatakis E, Brown WJ, Matthews CE, Bauman AE, van der Ploeg HP. Daily sitting time and all-cause mortality: a meta-analysis. PLoS One 2013; 8:e80000. [PMID: 24236168 PMCID: PMC3827429 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0080000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 526] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2013] [Accepted: 09/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To quantify the association between daily total sitting and all-cause mortality risk and to examine dose-response relationships with and without adjustment for moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. Methods Studies published from 1989 to January 2013 were identified via searches of multiple databases, reference lists of systematic reviews on sitting and health, and from authors’ personal literature databases. We included prospective cohort studies that had total daily sitting time as a quantitative exposure variable, all-cause mortality as the outcome and reported estimates of relative risk, or odds ratios or hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals. Two authors independently extracted the data and summary estimates of associations were computed using random effects models. Results Six studies were included, involving data from 595,086 adults and 29,162 deaths over 3,565,569 person-years of follow-up. Study participants were mainly female, middle-aged or older adults from high-income countries; mean study quality score was 12/15 points. Associations between daily total sitting time and all-cause mortality were not linear. With physical activity adjustment, the spline model of best fit had dose-response HRs of 1.00 (95% CI: 0.98-1.03), 1.02 (95% CI: 0.99-1.05) and 1.05 (95% CI: 1.02-1.08) for every 1-hour increase in sitting time in intervals between 0-3, >3-7 and >7 h/day total sitting, respectively. This model estimated a 34% higher mortality risk for adults sitting 10 h/day, after taking physical activity into account. The overall weighted population attributable fraction for all-cause mortality for total daily sitting time was 5.9%, after adjusting for physical activity. Conclusions Higher amounts of daily total sitting time are associated with greater risk of all-cause mortality and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity appears to attenuate the hazardous association. These findings provide a starting point for identifying a threshold on which to base clinical and public health recommendations for overall sitting time, in addition to physical activity guidelines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Josephine Y. Chau
- Prevention Research Collaboration, School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- * E-mail:
| | - Anne C. Grunseit
- Prevention Research Collaboration, School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Tien Chey
- Prevention Research Collaboration, School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Emmanuel Stamatakis
- Prevention Research Collaboration, School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Physical Activity Research Group (UCL-PARG), Division of Population Health, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Wendy J. Brown
- Centre for Research on Exercise, Physical Activity and Health, School of Human Movement Studies, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Charles E. Matthews
- Nutritional Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Adrian E. Bauman
- Prevention Research Collaboration, School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Hidde P. van der Ploeg
- Prevention Research Collaboration, School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, VU University Medical Center, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Radas A, Mackey M, Leaver A, Bouvier AL, Chau JY, Shirley D, Bauman A. Evaluation of ergonomic and education interventions to reduce occupational sitting in office-based university workers: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials 2013; 14:330. [PMID: 24119552 PMCID: PMC3852780 DOI: 10.1186/1745-6215-14-330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2013] [Accepted: 09/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prolonged sitting is a specific occupational hazard in office workers. There is growing evidence that prolonged sitting is detrimental to metabolic health. The aim of this study is to determine whether providing office workers with education along with adjustable sit-stand workstations leads to reduction in sitting behavior. METHODS/DESIGN A randomized control trial (RCT) with three groups (one control group and two intervention groups) will be conducted in an office workplace setting. The education intervention group will receive an education package that encourages reduction in sitting behaviors. The sit-stand desk intervention group will receive the same education package along with an adjustable sit-stand desk. Participants will be included in the study if they are currently employed in a full-time academic or administrative role that involves greater than 15 hours per week or greater than 4 hours per day computer-based work. Baseline data will include participant's age, gender, weight, height, smoking habit, employment position, level of education, and baseline self-reported leisure time physical activity. The primary outcome is the average daily sedentary time during work hours, measured by an accelerometer. Participant recruitment commenced in March 2013 and will be completed by December 2013. DISCUSSION This study will determine whether providing office workers with an adjustable sit-stand desk and individually targeted education, or education alone, is more effective in decreasing sitting behaviors than no intervention. TRIAL REGISTRATION Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry: ACTRN12613000366752.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonia Radas
- Faculty of Health Science, The University of Sydney, 75 East Street, Lidcombe, Sydney, NSW 2141, Australia
| | - Martin Mackey
- Faculty of Health Science, The University of Sydney, 75 East Street, Lidcombe, Sydney, NSW 2141, Australia
| | - Andrew Leaver
- Faculty of Health Science, The University of Sydney, 75 East Street, Lidcombe, Sydney, NSW 2141, Australia
| | - Anna-Louise Bouvier
- Physiocise Movement for Muscles Pty Ltd, Suite 14, 77 Penshurst Street, Willoughby, NSW 2068, Australia
| | - Josephine Y Chau
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, K25 - Medical Foundation Building The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Debra Shirley
- Faculty of Health Science, The University of Sydney, 75 East Street, Lidcombe, Sydney, NSW 2141, Australia
| | - Adrian Bauman
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, K25 - Medical Foundation Building The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Bennie JA, Chau JY, van der Ploeg HP, Stamatakis E, Do A, Bauman A. The prevalence and correlates of sitting in European adults - a comparison of 32 Eurobarometer-participating countries. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2013; 10:107. [PMID: 24020702 PMCID: PMC3847463 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5868-10-107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2013] [Accepted: 09/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Prolonged sitting is an emerging health risk. However, multi-country comparative sitting data are sparse. This paper reports the prevalence and correlates of sitting time in 32 European countries. Methods Data from the Eurobarometer 64.3 study were used, which included nationally representative samples (n = 304-1,102) from 32 European countries. Face-to-face interviews were conducted during November and December 2005. Usual weekday sitting time was assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (short-version). Sitting time was compared by country, age, gender, years of education, general health status, usual activity and physical activity. Multivariable-adjusted analyses assessed the odds of belonging to the highest sitting quartile. Results Data were available for 27,637 adults aged 15–98 years. Overall, mean reported weekday sitting time was 309 min/day (SD 184 min/day). There was a broad geographical pattern and some of the lowest amounts of daily sitting were reported in southern (Malta and Portugal means 194–236 min/day) and eastern (Romania and Hungary means 191–276 min/day) European countries; and some of the highest amounts of daily sitting were reported in northern European countries (Germany, Benelux and Scandinavian countries; means 407–335 min/day). Multivariable-adjusted analyses showed adults with low physical activity levels (OR = 5.10, CI95 = 4.60-5.66), those with high sitting in their main daily activity (OR = 2.99, CI95 = 2.74-3.25), those with a bad/very bad general health state (OR = 1.87, CI95 = 1.63-2.15) and higher education levels (OR = 1.48, CI95 = 1.38-1.59) were more likely to be in the highest quartile of daily sitting time. Adults within Greece (OR = 2.91, CI95 = 2.51-3.36) and Netherlands (OR = 2.56, CI95 = 2.22-2.94) were most likely to be in the highest quartile. High-sit/low-active participants comprised 10.1% of the sample. Adults self-reporting bad/very bad general health state (OR = 4.74, CI95 = 3.97-5.65), those within high sitting in their main daily activities (OR = 2.87, CI95 = 2.52-3.26) and adults aged ≥65 years (OR = 1.53, CI95 = 1.19-1.96) and were more likely to be in the high-sit/low-active group. Conclusions Weekday sitting time and its demographic correlates varied considerably across European countries, with adults in north-western European countries sitting the most. Sitting is prevalent across Europe and merits attention by preventive interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jason A Bennie
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, 92-94 Parramatta Road, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Bauman AE, Chau JY, Ding D, Bennie J. Too Much Sitting and Cardio-Metabolic Risk: An Update of Epidemiological Evidence. Curr Cardiovasc Risk Rep 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s12170-013-0316-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
|
43
|
Chau JY, Grunseit A, Midthjell K, Holmen J, Holmen TL, Bauman AE, Van der Ploeg HP. Sedentary behaviour and risk of mortality from all-causes and cardiometabolic diseases in adults: evidence from the HUNT3 population cohort. Br J Sports Med 2013; 49:737-42. [PMID: 23666019 DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2012-091974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sedentary behaviour is a potential risk factor for chronic-ill health and mortality, that is, independent of health-enhancing physical activity. Few studies have investigated the risk of mortality associated with multiple contexts of sedentary behaviour. OBJECTIVE To examine the prospective associations of total sitting time, TV-viewing time and occupational sitting with mortality from all causes and cardiometabolic diseases. METHODS Data from 50,817 adults aged ≥20 years from the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study 3 (HUNT3) in 2006-2008 were linked to the Norwegian Cause of Death Registry up to 31 December 2010. Cox proportional hazards models examined all-cause and cardiometabolic disease-related mortality associated with total sitting time, TV-viewing and occupational sitting, adjusting for multiple potential confounders including physical activity. RESULTS After mean follow-up of 3.3 years (137,315.8 person-years), 1068 deaths were recorded of which 388 were related to cardiometabolic diseases. HRs for all-cause mortality associated with total sitting time were 1.12 (95% CI 0.89 to 1.42), 1.18 (95% CI 0.90 to 1.57) and 1.65 (95% CI 1.24 to 2.21) for total sitting time 4-<7, 7-<10 and ≥10 h/day, respectively, relative to <4 h/day after adjusting for confounders (p-trend=0.001). A similar pattern of associations was observed between total sitting time and mortality from cardiometabolic diseases, but TV-viewing time and occupational sitting showed no or borderline significant associations with all-cause or cardiometabolic disease-related mortality over the same follow-up period. CONCLUSIONS Total sitting time is associated with all-cause and cardiometabolic disease-related mortality in the short term. However, prolonged sitting in specific contexts (ie, watching TV, at work) do not adversely impact health in the same timeframe. These findings suggest that adults should be encouraged to sit less throughout the day to reduce their daily total sitting time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Josephine Y Chau
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Anne Grunseit
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Kristian Midthjell
- HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway
| | - Jostein Holmen
- HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway
| | - Turid Lingaas Holmen
- HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway
| | - Adrian E Bauman
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Hidde P Van der Ploeg
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia Department of Public and Occupational Health, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
van der Ploeg HP, Venugopal K, Chau JY, van Poppel MNM, Breedveld K, Merom D, Bauman AE. Non-occupational sedentary behaviors: population changes in The Netherlands, 1975-2005. Am J Prev Med 2013; 44:382-387. [PMID: 23498104 DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2012.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2012] [Revised: 10/05/2012] [Accepted: 11/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence is accumulating that sedentary behaviors have detrimental health effects. Comprehensive data on population changes in various sedentary behaviors over time are scarce. PURPOSE This study aimed to determine changes in non-occupational sedentary behaviors in the Dutch adult population between 1975 and 2005. METHODS The National Time Use Survey of the Netherlands was used, which has been collected in 5-year intervals since 1975 (seven time points, n range=1017-2845). Adult participants completed a 7-day time-use diary in which they recorded their primary activity in 15-minute intervals throughout or at the end of the day. A validated method was used to determine time spent in various non-occupational sedentary behaviors. Population-weighted analyses determining changes over time in various sedentary behaviors were carried out in 2011 and 2012. RESULTS Between 1975 and 2005, the proportion of non-occupational time spent sedentary remained relatively constant at ~60%. However, absolute time decreased, because of a 4.7-hour/week increase in occupational time. Sedentary occupational time could not be studied but has likely increased over these 3 decades. Most non-occupational sedentary behavior was during leisure, and the proportion of sedentary leisure time that comes from screen time increased from 26% in 1975 to 43% in 2005. Between 1975 and 2005, sedentary transport increased by 2 hours/week. CONCLUSIONS The nature and distribution of sedentary behaviors in the Dutch adult population changed substantially over 3 decades. Screen-based activities are playing an increasingly dominant role.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hidde P van der Ploeg
- Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Department of Public and Occupational Health, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | | | - Josephine Y Chau
- Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Mireille N M van Poppel
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Dafna Merom
- School of Biomedical and Health Services, University of Western Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Adrian E Bauman
- Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Abstract
PURPOSE Sitting at work is an emerging occupational health risk. Few instruments designed for use in population-based research measure occupational sitting and standing as distinct behaviors. This study aimed to develop and validate brief measure of occupational sitting and physical activity. METHODS A convenience sample (n = 99, 61% female) was recruited from two medium-sized workplaces and by word-of-mouth in Sydney, Australia. Participants completed the newly developed Occupational Sitting and Physical Activity Questionnaire (OSPAQ) and a modified version of the MONICA Optional Study on Physical Activity Questionnaire (modified MOSPA-Q) twice, 1 wk apart. Participants also wore an ActiGraph accelerometer for the 7 d in between the test and retest. Analyses determined test-retest reliability with intraclass correlation coefficients and assessed criterion validity against accelerometers using the Spearman ρ. RESULTS The test-retest intraclass correlation coefficients for occupational sitting, standing, and walking for OSPAQ ranged from 0.73 to 0.90, while that for the modified MOSPA-Q ranged from 0.54 to 0.89. Comparison of sitting measures with accelerometers showed higher Spearman correlations for the OSPAQ (r = 0.65) than for the modified MOSPA-Q (r = 0.52). Criterion validity correlations for occupational standing and walking measures were comparable for both instruments with accelerometers (standing: r = 0.49; walking: r = 0.27-0.29). CONCLUSIONS The OSPAQ has excellent test-retest reliability and moderate validity for estimating time spent sitting and standing at work and is comparable to existing occupational physical activity measures for assessing time spent walking at work. The OSPAQ brief instrument measures sitting and standing at work as distinct behaviors and would be especially suitable in national health surveys, prospective cohort studies, and other studies that are limited by space constraints for questionnaire items.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Josephine Y Chau
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Australia.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Chau JY, van der Ploeg HP, Merom D, Chey T, Bauman AE. Cross-sectional associations between occupational and leisure-time sitting, physical activity and obesity in working adults. Prev Med 2012; 54:195-200. [PMID: 22227284 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2011.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2011] [Revised: 10/26/2011] [Accepted: 12/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
AIM To examine associations between occupational and leisure-time sitting, physical activity and obesity in working adults. METHODS We analyzed data from workers from the 2007-08 Australian National Health Survey (n=10,785). Participants reported their activity at work (mostly sitting, standing, walking, or heavy labor), transport-related walking, leisure-time sitting and physical activity. Body mass index was objectively measured. Adjusted Cox proportional hazard regression models examined associations between occupational activity category, leisure-time sitting, physical activity and obesity risk. RESULTS Substantial proportions of men (42%) and women (47%) mostly sit at work. Workers with sitting jobs were significantly more likely to be sufficiently active during leisure-time than workers with mostly standing, walking or heavy labor jobs (RR=0.88, 0.80, 0.86 respectively). Workers with mostly sitting jobs had significantly higher overweight/obesity risk than workers with mostly standing jobs (RR=0.88, 95% CI: 0.82-0.95) independent of physical activity and leisure-time sitting. Workers with leisure-time sitting of less than four hours per day had significantly lower obesity risk than workers with four or more hours per day of leisure-time sitting (RR=0.77, 95%CI: 0.69-0.87) independent of physical activity and occupational activity. CONCLUSIONS Sitting time and physical activity are independently associated with obesity. Leisure-time sitting may have a stronger association with obesity risk than occupational sitting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Josephine Y Chau
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Australia.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Chau JY, van der Ploeg HP, Dunn S, Kurko J, Bauman AE. A tool for measuring workers' sitting time by domain: the Workforce Sitting Questionnaire. Br J Sports Med 2011; 45:1216-22. [PMID: 21947817 DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2011-090214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sitting time is an emerging health risk, and many working adults spend large amounts of time sitting each day. It is important to have reliable and accurate measurement tools to assess sitting time in different contexts. OBJECTIVE To validate the Workforce Sitting Questionnaire (WSQ), an adapted measure of total and domain-specific sitting time based on work and non-workdays for use in working adults. METHODS A convenience sample (N=95, 63.2% women) was recruited from two workplaces and by word-of-mouth in Sydney, Australia. Participants completed the WSQ, which asked about sitting time (1) while travelling to and from places; (2) while at work; (3) while watching TV; (4) while using a computer at home; and (5) while doing other leisure activities on work and non-workdays on two occasions, 7 days apart. Participants also wore an accelerometer for the 7 days between test and retest. They recorded the times they wore the accelerometer, the days they worked and their work times in a logbook. Analyses determined test-retest reliability with intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) and assessed criterion validity against accelerometers using Spearman's r and Bland-Altman plots. RESULTS Measuring total sitting time based on a workday, non-workday and on average had fair to excellent test-retest reliability (ICC=0.46-0.90) and had sufficient criterion validity against accelerometry in women (r=0.22-0.46) and men (r=0.18-0.29). Measuring domain-specific sitting at work on a workday was also reliable (ICC=0.63) and valid (r=0.45). CONCLUSIONS The WSQ has acceptable measurement properties for measuring sitting time at work on a workday and for assessing total sitting time based on work and non-workdays. This questionnaire would be suitable for use in research investigating the relationships between sitting time and health in working populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Josephine Y Chau
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Level 2 Medical Foundation Building K25, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
van der Ploeg HP, Merom D, Chau JY, Bittman M, Trost SG, Bauman AE. Advances in population surveillance for physical activity and sedentary behavior: reliability and validity of time use surveys. Am J Epidemiol 2010; 172:1199-206. [PMID: 20855469 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwq265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Many countries conduct regular national time use surveys, some of which date back as far as the 1960s. Time use surveys potentially provide more detailed and accurate national estimates of the prevalence of sedentary and physical activity behavior than more traditional self-report surveillance systems. In this study, the authors determined the reliability and validity of time use surveys for assessing sedentary and physical activity behavior. In 2006 and 2007, participants (n = 134) were recruited from work sites in the Australian state of New South Wales. Participants completed a 2-day time use diary twice, 7 days apart, and wore an accelerometer. The 2 diaries were compared for test-retest reliability, and comparison with the accelerometer determined concurrent validity. Participants with similar activity patterns during the 2 diary periods showed reliability intraclass correlations of 0.74 and 0.73 for nonoccupational sedentary behavior and moderate/vigorous physical activity, respectively. Comparison of the diary with the accelerometer showed Spearman correlations of 0.57-0.59 and 0.45-0.69 for nonoccupational sedentary behavior and moderate/vigorous physical activity, respectively. Time use surveys appear to be more valid for population surveillance of nonoccupational sedentary behavior and health-enhancing physical activity than more traditional surveillance systems. National time use surveys could be used to retrospectively study nonoccupational sedentary and physical activity behavior over the past 5 decades.
Collapse
|
49
|
Chau JY, der Ploeg HPV, van Uffelen JGZ, Wong J, Riphagen I, Healy GN, Gilson ND, Dunstan DW, Bauman AE, Owen N, Brown WJ. Are workplace interventions to reduce sitting effective? A systematic review. Prev Med 2010; 51:352-6. [PMID: 20801153 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2010.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2010] [Revised: 07/01/2010] [Accepted: 08/19/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To systematically review the effectiveness of workplace interventions for reducing sitting. METHODS Studies published up to April 2009 were identified by literature searches in multiple databases. Studies were included if they were interventions to increase energy expenditure (increase physical activity or decrease sitting); were conducted in a workplace setting; and specifically measured sitting as a primary or secondary outcome. Two independent reviewers assessed methodological quality of the included studies, and data on study design, sample, measures of sitting, intervention and results were extracted. RESULTS Six studies met the inclusion criteria (five randomised trials and one pre-post study). The primary aim of all six was to increase physical activity; all had reducing sitting as a secondary aim. All used self-report measures of sitting; one specifically assessed occupational sitting time; the others used measures of general sitting. No studies showed that sitting decreased significantly in the intervention group, compared with a control or comparison group. CONCLUSION Currently, there is a dearth of evidence on the effectiveness of workplace interventions for reducing sitting. In light of the growing body of evidence that prolonged sitting is negatively associated with health, this highlights a gap in the scientific literature that needs to be addressed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Josephine Y Chau
- Cluster for Physical Activity and Health, Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
|