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Golomb BA, Han JH, Fung A, Berg BK, Miller BJ, Hamilton G. Bioenergetic impairment in Gulf War illness assessed via 31P-MRS. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7418. [PMID: 38548808 PMCID: PMC10979028 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57725-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Time for post-exercise phosphocreatine-recovery (PCr-R), deemed a robust index of mitochondrial function in vivo, was previously reported to be elevated (signifying impaired ATP production) in veterans with Gulf War illness (GWI). Here we sought to replicate the finding and assess the impact of contravening previous eligibility requirements. The replication sample comprised white males. Cases reported ≥ moderate muscle-weakness to match the organ assessed to an organ affected; controls lacked recent headache or multiple symptoms. The expansion sample added cases without muscle-weakness, controls with recent headache, females, nonwhites. PCr-R, following pedal-depression-exercise, was compared in veterans with GWI versus controls (sample N = 38). In the replication sample, PCr-R results closely matched the prior report: PCr-R veterans with GWI mean(SD) = 47.7(16.5); control mean(SD) = 30.3(9.2), p = 0.017. (Prior-study PCr-R veterans with GWI mean(SD) = 46.1(17.9), control mean(SD) = 29.0(8.7), p = 0.023. Combined replication + prior samples: p = 0.001.) No case-control difference was observed in the expansion sample. In cases, PCr-R related to muscle-weakness: PCr-R = 29.9(7.1), 38.2(8.9), 47.8(15.2) for muscle-weakness rated none/low, intermediate, and high respectively (p for trend = 0.02), validating desirability of matching tissue assessed to tissue affected. In controls, headache/multiple symptoms, sex, and ethnicity each mattered (affecting PCr-R significantly). This study affirms mitochondrial/bioenergetic impairment in veterans with GWI. The importance of careful case/control selection is underscored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Alexandra Golomb
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive # 0995, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0995, USA.
| | - Jun Hee Han
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive # 0995, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0995, USA
| | - Alexander Fung
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive # 0995, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0995, USA
- Clement Park Dental Care, Littleton, CO, 80123, USA
| | - Brinton Keith Berg
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive # 0995, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0995, USA
| | - Bruce J Miller
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive # 0995, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0995, USA
| | - Gavin Hamilton
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
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Golomb BA, Berg BK, Han JH. Susceptibility to radiation adverse effects in veterans with Gulf War illness and healthy civilians. Sci Rep 2024; 14:874. [PMID: 38195674 PMCID: PMC10776672 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50083-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
We evaluated whether veterans with Gulf War illness (VGWI) report greater ionizing radiation adverse effects (RadAEs) than controls; whether radiation-sensitivity is tied to reported chemical-sensitivity; and whether environmental exposures are apparent risk factors for reported RadAEs (rRadAEs). 81 participants (41 VGWI, 40 controls) rated exposure to, and rRadAEs from, four radiation types. The relations of RadAE-propensity (defined as the ratio of rRadAEs to summed radiation exposures) to Gulf War illness (GWI) presence and severity, and to reported chemical-sensitivity were assessed. Ordinal logistic regression evaluated exposure prediction of RadAE-propensity in the full sample, in VGWI, and stratified by age and chemical-sensitivity. RadAE-propensity was increased in VGWI (vs. controls) and related to GWI severity (p < 0.01) and chemical-sensitivity (p < 0.01). Past carbon monoxide (CO) exposure emerged as a strong, robust predictor of RadAE-propensity on univariable and multivariable analyses (p < 0.001 on multivariable assessment, without and with adjustment for VGWI case status), retaining significance in age-stratified and chemical-sensitivity-stratified replication analyses. Thus, RadAE-propensity, a newly-described GWI-feature, relates to chemical-sensitivity, and is predicted by CO exposure-both features reported for nonionizing radiation sensitivity, consistent with shared mitochondrial/oxidative toxicity across radiation frequencies. Greater RadAE vulnerability fits an emerging picture of heightened drug/chemical susceptibility in VGWI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Alexandra Golomb
- Department of Medicine, UC San Diego School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr. #0995, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0995, USA.
| | - Brinton Keith Berg
- Department of Medicine, UC San Diego School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr. #0995, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0995, USA
| | - Jun Hee Han
- Department of Medicine, UC San Diego School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr. #0995, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0995, USA
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Hong C, Han JH, Hwang GH, Bae S, Seo PJ. Genome-wide in-locus epitope tagging of Arabidopsis proteins using prime editors. BMB Rep 2024; 57:66-70. [PMID: 38053291 PMCID: PMC10828436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Prime editors (PEs), which are CRISPR-Cas9 nickase (H840A)-reverse transcriptase fusion proteins programmed with prime editing guide RNAs (pegRNAs), can not only edit bases but also install transversions, insertions, or deletions without both donor DNA and double-strand breaks at the target DNA. As the demand for in-locus tagging is increasing, to reflect gene expression dynamics influenced by endogenous genomic contexts, we demonstrated that PEs can be used to introduce the hemagglutinin (HA) epitope tag to a target gene locus, enabling molecular and biochemical studies using in-locus tagged plants. To promote genome-wide in-locus tagging, we also implemented a publicly available database that designs pegRNAs for in-locus tagging of all the Arabidopsis genes. [BMB Reports 2024; 57(1): 66-70].
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheljong Hong
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Jun Hee Han
- Department of Chemistry, Hanyang University, Seoul 04673, Korea
| | - Gue-Ho Hwang
- Medical Research Center of Genomic Medicine Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Sangsu Bae
- Medical Research Center of Genomic Medicine Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Pil Joon Seo
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
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Golomb BA, Han JH. Adverse effect propensity: A new feature of Gulf War illness predicted by environmental exposures. iScience 2023; 26:107363. [PMID: 37554469 PMCID: PMC10405325 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
A third of 1990-1 Gulf-deployed personnel developed drug/chemical-induced multisymptom illness, "Gulf War illness" (GWI). Veterans with GWI (VGWI) report increased drug/exposure adverse effects (AEs). Using previously collected data from a case-control study, we evaluated whether the fraction of exposures that engendered AEs ("AE Propensity") is increased in VGWI (it was); whether AE Propensity is related to self-rated "chemical sensitivity" (it did); and whether specific exposures "predicted" AE Propensity (they did). Pesticides and radiation exposure were significant predictors, with copper significantly "protective"-in the total sample (adjusted for GWI-status) and separately in VGWI and controls, on multivariable regression. Mitochondrial impairment and oxidative stress (OS) underlie AEs from many exposures irrespective of nominal specific mechanism. We hypothesize that mitochondrial toxicity and interrelated OS from pesticides and radiation position people on the steep part of the curve of mitochondrial impairment and OS versus symptom/biological disruption, amplifying impact of new exposures. Copper, meanwhile, is involved in critical OS detoxification processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice A. Golomb
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Jun Hee Han
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
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Golomb BA, Han JH, Langsjoen PH, Dinkeloo E, Zemljic-Harpf AE. Statin Use in Relation to COVID-19 and Other Respiratory Infections: Muscle and Other Considerations. J Clin Med 2023; 12:4659. [PMID: 37510774 PMCID: PMC10380486 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12144659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Statins have been widely advocated for use in COVID-19 based on large favorable observational associations buttressed by theoretical expected benefits. However, past favorable associations of statins to pre-COVID-19 infection outcomes (also buttressed by theoretical benefits) were unsupported in meta-analysis of RCTs, RR = 1.00. Initial RCTs in COVID-19 appear to follow this trajectory. Healthy-user/tolerator effects and indication bias may explain these disparities. Moreover, cholesterol drops in proportion to infection severity, so less severely affected individuals may be selected for statin use, contributing to apparent favorable statin associations to outcomes. Cholesterol transports fat-soluble antioxidants and immune-protective vitamins. Statins impair mitochondrial function in those most reliant on coenzyme Q10 (a mevalonate pathway product also transported on cholesterol)-i.e., those with existing mitochondrial compromise, whom data suggest bear increased risks from both COVID-19 and from statins. Thus, statin risks of adverse outcomes are amplified in those patients at risk of poor COVID-19 outcomes-i.e., those in whom adjunctive statin therapy may most likely be given. High reported rates of rhabdomyolysis in hospitalized COVID-19 patients underscore the notion that statin-related risks as well as benefits must be considered. Advocacy for statins in COVID-19 should be suspended pending clear evidence of RCT benefits, with careful attention to risk modifiers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice A. Golomb
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA;
| | - Jun Hee Han
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA;
| | | | - Eero Dinkeloo
- Navy and Marine Corps Public Health Center, Portsmouth, VA 23704, USA;
| | - Alice E. Zemljic-Harpf
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
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Son JY, Han JH, Kim SC, Choi WS, Hong HJ. Korean adolescent suicide and search volume for "self-injury" on internet search engines. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1186754. [PMID: 37346904 PMCID: PMC10279855 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1186754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Many adolescents with suicidal ideation receive support through the Internet. However, they also find ways to attempt suicide or strengthen their suicidal ideation through this medium. This study analyzed the association between the search volume of suicide-related terms and the number of suicides among Korean adolescents. We also analyzed the correlations between the search volumes of suicide-related terms. Methods We selected seven words (suicide, self-injury, depression, academic score, school violence, outcasts, and family trouble) related to adolescent suicide. A dataset was constructed by combining data from the most commonly used search engine in Korea (Naver Datalab) and the daily number of adolescent suicides in school settings (n = 347) from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2018, collected from the Ministry of Education. Poisson regression and Pearson correlation analyses were performed. Results Significant associations were found between suicide attempts and search term volumes, which differed according to sex and time interval. Among the search terms, "self-injury" was most strongly associated with suicide, and this association was significant at all time intervals (daily, weekly, and monthly) in female adolescents and in the total population. Further, the association was strongest in the daily suicide data. More search term volumes were related to suicide in the daily and weekly data than in the monthly data. There were positive correlations between "suicide," "self-injury," and "depression" search volumes. Conclusion Further studies with larger sample sizes, more search terms, and analysis of time intervals between suicide-related term search and suicide death are required. These studies can contribute to the establishment of an online suicide prevention system to detect suicide risk in adolescents and provide interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Yeong Son
- Department of Psychiatry, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Hee Han
- Department of Psychiatry, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Anyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Chan Kim
- Department of Biostatistics, Clinical Trial Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Seok Choi
- Department of Psychiatry, Yeouido St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Ju Hong
- Department of Psychiatry, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Republic of Korea
- Hallym University Suicide and School Mental Health Institute, Anyang, Republic of Korea
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Park JC, Kim YJ, Han JH, Kim D, Park MJ, Kim J, Jang HK, Bae S, Cha HJ. MutSα and MutSβ as size-dependent cellular determinants for prime editing in human embryonic stem cells. Mol Ther Nucleic Acids 2023; 32:914-922. [PMCID: PMC10280094 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2023.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
Precise genome editing in human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) has potential applications in isogenic disease modeling and ex vivo stem cell therapy, necessitating diverse genome editing tools. However, unlike differentiated somatic cells, hPSCs have unique cellular properties that maintain genome integrity, which largely determine the overall efficiency of an editing tool. Considering the high demand for prime editors (PEs), it is imperative to characterize the key molecular determinants of PE outcomes in hPSCs. Through homozygous knockout (KO) of MMR pathway key proteins MSH2, MSH3, and MSH6, we reveal that MutSα and MutSβ determine PE efficiency in an editing size-dependent manner. Notably, MSH2 perturbation disrupted both MutSα and MutSβ complexes, dramatically escalating PE efficiency from base mispair to 10 bases, up to 50 folds. Similarly, impaired MutSα by MSH6 KO improved editing efficiency from single to three base pairs, while defective MutSβ by MSH3 KO heightened efficiency from three to 10 base pairs. Thus, the size-dependent effect of MutSα and MutSβ on prime editing implies that MMR is a vital PE efficiency determinant in hPSCs and highlights the distinct roles of MutSα and MutSβ in its outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Chan Park
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Jeong Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Hee Han
- Department of Chemistry, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dayeon Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mihn Jeong Park
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jumee Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon-Ki Jang
- Division of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, College of Art Culture and Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Sangsu Bae
- College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuk-Jin Cha
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Wang LD, Zhang PH, Li Y, Li YH, Zhang B, Wang HJ, Wu J, Han JH, Li CN, Li N, Li XH, Ding GG, Wu ZS. [Deepening the Action on Salt Reduction in China-suggestions on strategy and implementation plan]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2023; 57:1-10. [PMID: 37190746 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20221205-01176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Excessive sodium/salt intake is the leading dietary risk factor for the loss of healthy life in the Chinese population. The "Healthy China 2030" Action Plan set the goal of reducing salt intake by 20% by 2030. However, salt intake in China is still at a very high level in the world, with adults reaching 11 g/d, more than twice the recommended limit of 5 g/d. The current policies and action plans of China have targeted catering workers, children, adolescents, and home chefs in salt, oil, and sugar reduction actions. However, there are still obvious deficiencies in the coordinated promotion and implementation. This study, therefore, proposed a set of comprehensive strategies (named CHRPS that is composed of communication and education, salt reduction in home cooking, salt reduction in restaurants, reducing salt content in pre-packaged food, and surveillance and evaluation) and key implementation points for further deepening the salt reduction action in China. These strategies were developed based on the main sources of dietary sodium for Chinese residents, the status of"knowledge, attitude and practice"in salt reduction, evidence of effective intervention measures, existing policies and requirements, and the salt reduction strategies of the World Health Organization and experience from some other countries. As a scientific reference, the CHRPS strategies will help the government and relevant organizations quickly implement salt reduction work and facilitate the earlier realization of China's salt reduction goal.
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Affiliation(s)
- L D Wang
- Chinese Preventive Medicine Association, Beijing 100062
| | - P H Zhang
- The George Institute for Global Health (Australia) Beijing Representative Office, Beijing 100600
| | - Y Li
- The George Institute for Global Health (Australia) Beijing Representative Office, Beijing 100600
| | - Y H Li
- Chinese Center for Health Education, Beijing 100011
| | - B Zhang
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050
| | - H J Wang
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050
| | - J Wu
- National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050
| | - J H Han
- Chinese Nutrition Society, Beijing 100020
| | - C N Li
- Chinese Center for Health Education, Beijing 100011
| | - N Li
- China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100024
| | - X H Li
- People's Medical Publishing House, Beijing 100021
| | - G G Ding
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050
| | - Z S Wu
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029
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Park S, Han JH, Hwang J, Yon DK, Lee SW, Kim JH, Koyanagi A, Jacob L, Oh H, Kostev K, Dragioti E, Radua J, Eun HS, Shin JI, Smith L. The global burden of sudden infant death syndrome from 1990 to 2019: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease study 2019. QJM 2022; 115:735-744. [PMID: 35385121 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcac093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) still remains one of the leading causes of infant death worldwide, especially in high-income countries. To date, however, there is no detailed information on the global health burden of SIDS. AIMS To characterize the global disease burden of SIDS and its trends from 1990 to 2019 and to compare the burden of SIDS according to the socio-demographic index (SDI). DESIGN Systematic analysis based on the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019 data. METHODS Epidemiological data of 204 countries from 1990 to 2019 were collected via various methods including civil registration and vital statistics in the original GBD study. Estimates for mortality and disease burden of SIDS were modeled. Crude mortality and mortality rates per 100 000 population were analyzed. Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and DALY rates were also assessed. RESULTS In 2019, mortality rate of SIDS accounted for 20.98 [95% Uncertainty Interval, 9.15-46.16] globally, which was a 51% decrease from 1990. SIDS was most prevalent in Western sub-Saharan Africa, High-income North America and Oceania in 2019. The burden of SIDS was higher in males than females consistently from 1990 to 2019. Higher SDI and income level was associated with lower burden of SIDS; furthermore, countries with higher SDI and income had greater decreases in SIDS burden from 1990 to 2019. CONCLUSIONS The burden of SIDS has decreased drastically from 1990 to 2019. However, the improvements have occurred disproportionately between regions and SDI levels. Focused preventive efforts in under-resourced populations are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Park
- From the Yonsei College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - J H Han
- Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - J Hwang
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - D K Yon
- Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - S W Lee
- Department of Data Science, Sejong University College of Software Convergence, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea
- Department of Precision Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - J H Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - A Koyanagi
- Department of Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Deu/CIBERSAM, Universitat de Barcelona, Fundacio Sant Joan de Deu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, 08830, Spain
- Life and Medical Sciences, ICREA, Pg. Lluis Companys 23, Barcelona, 08010, Spain
| | - L Jacob
- Department of Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Deu/CIBERSAM, Universitat de Barcelona, Fundacio Sant Joan de Deu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, 08830, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, 28029, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, 78180, France
| | - H Oh
- School of Social Work, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - K Kostev
- University Clinic of Marburg, Marburg, 35043, Germany
| | - E Dragioti
- Pain and Rehabilitation Centre, and Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, 58183, Sweden
| | - J Radua
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Early Psychosis: Interventions and Clinical-detection (EPIC) Lab, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, WC2R 2LS, UK
- Imaging of Mood- and Anxiety-Related Disorders (IMARD) Group, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), CIBERSAM, Barcelona, 08036, Spain
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatric Research and Education, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 17176, Sweden
| | - H S Eun
- Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - J I Shin
- Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - L Smith
- Centre for Health, Performance and Wellbeing, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, CB1 1PT, UK
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Lee EY, Sohn MK, Lee JM, Kim DY, Shin YI, Oh GJ, Lee YS, Lee SY, Song MK, Han JH, Ahn JH, Lee YH, Chang WH, Choi SM, Lee SK, Joo MC, Kim YH. Changes in Long-Term Functional Independence in Patients with Moderate and Severe Ischemic Stroke: Comparison of the Responsiveness of the Modified Barthel Index and the Functional Independence Measure. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:9612. [PMID: 35954971 PMCID: PMC9367998 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19159612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the long-term functional changes in patients with moderate-to-severe ischemic stroke. In addition, we investigated whether there was a difference between the modified Barthel Index (MBI) and Functional Independence Measure (FIM) according to severity. To evaluate the changes in the long-term functional independence of the subjects, six evaluations were conducted over 2 years, and the evaluation was performed using MBI and FIM. A total of 798 participants participated in this study, of which 673 were classified as moderate and 125 as severe. During the first 3 months, the moderate group showed greater recovery than the severe group. The period of significant change in the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score was up to 6 months after onset in the moderate group, and up to 3 months after onset in the severe group. In the severe group, MBI evaluation showed significant changes up to 6 months after onset, whereas FIM showed significant changes up to 18-24 months. Our results showed that functional recovery of patients with ischemic stroke in the 3 months after onset was greater in the moderate group than in the severe group. FIM is more appropriate than MBI for evaluating the functional status of patients with severe stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Young Lee
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Institute of Brain Science Research, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan 54538, Korea
| | - Min Kyun Sohn
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Jong Min Lee
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul 05030, Korea
| | - Deog Young Kim
- Department and Research Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Yong Il Shin
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan 50612, Korea
| | - Gyung Jae Oh
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Wonkwang University, School of Medicine, Iksan 54538, Korea
| | - Yang Soo Lee
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu 41566, Korea
| | - So Young Lee
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju 63241, Korea
| | - Min Keun Song
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Chunnam National University Medical School, Kwangju 61469, Korea
| | - Jun Hee Han
- Department of Statistics, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| | - Jeong Hoon Ahn
- Department of Health Convergence, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Young Hoon Lee
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu 41566, Korea
| | - Won Hyuk Chang
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Center for Prevention and Rehabilitation, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Korea
| | - Soo Mi Choi
- Division of Chronic Disease Prevention, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Center for Disease, Cheongju 28159, Korea
| | - Seon Kui Lee
- Division of Chronic Disease Prevention, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Center for Disease, Cheongju 28159, Korea
| | - Min Cheol Joo
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Institute of Wonkwang Medical Science, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan 54538, Korea
| | - Yun Hee Kim
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Center for Prevention and Rehabilitation, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Korea
- Department of Health Science and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 06351, Korea
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11
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Yu X, Shi ZB, Jiang M, Yu GY, Zhu YL, Yang ZC, Chen W, Zhu YR, Fang KR, Tong RH, Han JH, Zhang XR. Analysis of synthetic electron cyclotron emission from the high field side of HL-2M tokamak plasmas. Rev Sci Instrum 2022; 93:083518. [PMID: 36050087 DOI: 10.1063/5.0098907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A synthetic electron cyclotron emission (ECE) diagnostic is used to interpret ECE signals from preset plasma equilibrium profiles, including magnetic field, electron density, and electron temperature. According to the simulation results, the electron temperature (Te) profile covering the harmonic overlap region can be obtained by receiving ECE signals at the high field side (HFS) of the HL-2M plasma. The third harmonic ECE at the low field side (LFS) cannot pass through the second harmonic resonance layer at the HFS unless the optical thickness (τ) of the second harmonic becomes gray (τ ≤ 2). In addition, the impact of the relativistic frequency down-shift has been evaluated and corrected. The measurable range of the HFS ECE has been calculated by scanning different parameters (electron density, temperature, and magnetic field). Higher plasma parameters allow a wider radial range of electron temperature measurements. The minimum inner measurable position can reach R = 120 cm (r/a = -0.89) when the product of core temperature (Te0) and density (ne0) is greater than 35 × 1019 keV m-3, which is extended by more than 30 cm inward compared with that of the LFS measurement. The HFS ECE will greatly improve the diagnostic ability of ECE systems on the HL-2M tokamak.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Yu
- Southwestern Institute of Physics, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Z B Shi
- Southwestern Institute of Physics, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - M Jiang
- Southwestern Institute of Physics, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - G Y Yu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Y L Zhu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Z C Yang
- Southwestern Institute of Physics, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - W Chen
- Southwestern Institute of Physics, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Y R Zhu
- Southwestern Institute of Physics, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - K R Fang
- Southwestern Institute of Physics, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - R H Tong
- Southwestern Institute of Physics, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - J H Han
- Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - X R Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Beams of the Ministry of Education, School of Physics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
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12
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Park JC, Jang HK, Kim J, Han JH, Jung Y, Kim K, Bae S, Cha HJ. High expression of uracil DNA glycosylase determines C to T substitution in human pluripotent stem cells. Mol Ther Nucleic Acids 2022; 27:175-183. [PMID: 34976436 PMCID: PMC8688811 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2021.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/29/2022]
Abstract
Precise genome editing of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) is crucial not only for basic science but also for biomedical applications such as ex vivo stem cell therapy and genetic disease modeling. However, hPSCs have unique cellular properties compared to somatic cells. For instance, hPSCs are extremely susceptible to DNA damage, and therefore Cas9-mediated DNA double-strand breaks (DSB) induce p53-dependent cell death, resulting in low Cas9 editing efficiency. Unlike Cas9 nucleases, base editors including cytosine base editor (CBE) and adenine base editor (ABE) can efficiently substitute single nucleotides without generating DSBs at target sites. Here, we found that the editing efficiency of CBE was significantly lower than that of ABE in human embryonic stem cells (hESCs), which are associated with high expression of DNA glycosylases, the key component of the base excision repair pathway. Sequential depletion of DNA glycosylases revealed that high expression of uracil DNA glycosylase (UNG) not only resulted in low editing efficiency but also affected CBE product purity (i.e., C to T) in hESCs. Therefore, additional suppression of UNG via transient knockdown would also improve C to T base substitutions in hESCs. These data suggest that the unique cellular characteristics of hPSCs could determine the efficiency of precise genome editing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Chan Park
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon-Ki Jang
- Institute for Convergence of Basic Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Jumee Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Hee Han
- Department of Chemistry, Hanyang University, 222, Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngri Jung
- Department of Chemistry, Hanyang University, 222, Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Keuntae Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangsu Bae
- Institute for Convergence of Basic Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Hanyang University, 222, Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuk-Jin Cha
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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13
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Lee K, Park OS, Go JY, Yu J, Han JH, Kim J, Bae S, Jung YJ, Seo PJ. Arabidopsis ATXR2 represses de novo shoot organogenesis in the transition from callus to shoot formation. Cell Rep 2021; 37:109980. [PMID: 34758306 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants exhibit high regenerative capacity, which is controlled by various genetic factors. Here, we report that ARABIDOPSIS TRITHORAX-RELATED 2 (ATXR2) controls de novo shoot organogenesis by regulating auxin-cytokinin interaction. The auxin-inducible ATXR2 Trithorax Group (TrxG) protein temporally interacts with the cytokinin-responsive type-B ARABIDOPSIS RESPONSE REGULATOR 1 (ARR1) at early stages of shoot regeneration. The ATXR2-ARR1 complex binds to and deposits the H3K36me3 mark in the promoters of a subset of type-A ARR genes, ARR5 and ARR7, thus activating their expression. Consequently, the ATXR2/ARR1-type-A ARR module transiently represses cytokinin signaling and thereby de novo shoot regeneration. The atxr2-1 mutant calli exhibit enhanced shoot regeneration with low expression of ARR5 and ARR7, which ultimately upregulates WUSCHEL (WUS) expression. Thus, ATXR2 regulates cytokinin signaling and prevents premature WUS activation to ensure proper cell fate transition, and the auxin-cytokinin interaction underlies the initial specification of shoot meristem in callus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyounghee Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; Research Institute of Basic Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Ok-Sun Park
- Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Ji Yun Go
- Division of Horticultural Biotechnology, Hankyong National University, Anseong 17579, Korea
| | - Jihyeon Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute for Convergence of Basic Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Jun Hee Han
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute for Convergence of Basic Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Jungmook Kim
- Department of Bioenergy Science and Technology and Department of Integrative Food, Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Sangsu Bae
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute for Convergence of Basic Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Yu Jin Jung
- Division of Horticultural Biotechnology, Hankyong National University, Anseong 17579, Korea
| | - Pil Joon Seo
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; Research Institute of Basic Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
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14
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Golomb BA, Devaraj S, Messner AK, Koslik HJ, Han JH, Yik B. Lower blood malondialdehyde is associated with past pesticide exposure: findings in Gulf War illness and healthy controls. Mil Med Res 2021; 8:46. [PMID: 34399857 PMCID: PMC8369730 DOI: 10.1186/s40779-021-00337-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malondialdehyde (MDA) is a candidate general marker of oxidative stress (OS). We sought to assess the relation of MDA to Gulf War illness (GWI) and to a variety of exposures. METHODS This is an observational study involving subjects from Southern California recruited from October 2011 to May 2014. MDA was assessed in 81 participants (41 GWI-cases, 40 controls). General and Gulf-specific exposures were elicited. MDA case-control comparison was restricted to 40 matched pairs. The potential association between MDA and exposures was assessed using regression analyses. Gulf-specific exposures were incorporated into a case-specific model. RESULTS Plasma MDA was significantly lower in GWI-cases than controls. Composite pesticide and fuel-solvent exposures negatively predicted MDA in the total sample, as well as in the analyses that included either GWI-cases or controls only. Self-reported exposure to organophosphate (OP) nerve gas was a strong predictor for lower MDA level in veterans with GWI. CONCLUSION Past pesticide exposures predicted lower MDA in both veterans with GWI and in healthy controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Alexandra Golomb
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
| | - Sridevi Devaraj
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Alexis K Messner
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.,Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Hayley Jean Koslik
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.,Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, San Diego, CA, 92134, USA
| | - Jun Hee Han
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Barnabas Yik
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.,Santa Clara Valley Medical Center, San Jose, CA, 95128, USA
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15
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Kim HO, Kim JC, Chung BY, Kang SY, Park CW, Han JH. Harlequin syndrome with petechiae caused by a pituitary adenoma. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2021; 35:e605-e607. [PMID: 33974308 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.17338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H O Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - J C Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - B Y Chung
- Department of Dermatology, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S Y Kang
- Department of Dermatology, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - C W Park
- Department of Dermatology, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - J H Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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16
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Song B, Kang CY, Han JH, Kano M, Konnerth A, Bae S. In vivo genome editing in single mammalian brain neurons through CRISPR-Cas9 and cytosine base editors. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2021; 19:2477-2485. [PMID: 34025938 PMCID: PMC8113754 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2021.04.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Gene manipulation is a useful approach for understanding functions of genes and is important for investigating basic mechanisms of brain function on the level of single neurons and circuits. Despite the development and the wide range of applications of CRISPR-Cas9 and base editors (BEs), their implementation for an analysis of individual neurons in vivo remained limited. In fact, conventional gene manipulations are generally achieved only on the population level. Here, we combined either CRISPR-Cas9 or BEs with the targeted single-cell electroporation technique as a proof-of-concept test for gene manipulation in single neurons in vivo. Our assay consisted of CRISPR-Cas9- or BEs-induced gene knockout in single Purkinje cells in the cerebellum. Our results demonstrate the feasibility of both gene editing and base editing in single cells in the intact brain, providing a tool through which molecular perturbations of individual neurons can be used for analysis of circuits and, ultimately, behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beomjong Song
- International Research Center for Neurointelligence (WPI-IRCN), The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Chan Young Kang
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute for Convergence of Basic Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, South Korea
| | - Jun Hee Han
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute for Convergence of Basic Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, South Korea
| | - Masanobu Kano
- International Research Center for Neurointelligence (WPI-IRCN), The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.,Department of Neurophysiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Arthur Konnerth
- International Research Center for Neurointelligence (WPI-IRCN), The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.,Institute of Neuroscience, Technical University of Munich, 80802 Munich, Germany.,Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology, Technical University of Munich, 80802 Munich, Germany
| | - Sangsu Bae
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute for Convergence of Basic Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, South Korea
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17
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Kim C, Jeong YK, Yu J, Shin HJ, Ku KB, Cha HJ, Han JH, Hong SA, Kim BT, Kim SJ, Woo JS, Bae S. Efficient Human Cell Coexpression System and Its Application to the Production of Multiple Coronavirus Antigens. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2021; 5:e2000154. [PMID: 33852178 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202000154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Coproduction of multiple proteins at high levels in a single human cell line would be extremely useful for basic research and medical applications. Here, a novel strategy for the stable expression of multiple proteins by integrating the genes into defined transcriptional hotspots in the human genome is presented. As a proof-of-concept, it is shown that EYFP is expressed at similar levels from hotspots and that the EYFP expression increases proportionally with the copy number. It is confirmed that three different fluorescent proteins, encoded by genes integrated at different loci, can be coexpressed at high levels. Further, a stable cell line is generated, producing antigens from different human coronaviruses: MERS-CoV and HCoV-OC43. Antibodies raised against these antigens, which contain human N-glycosylation, show neutralizing activities against both viruses, suggesting that the coexpression system provides a quick and predictable way to produce multiple coronavirus antigens, such as the recent 2019 novel human coronavirus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chonsaeng Kim
- Center for Convergent Research of Emerging Virus Infection, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, 34114, South Korea
| | - You Kyeong Jeong
- Department of Chemistry, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea.,Research Institute for Convergence of Basic Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea
| | - Jihyeon Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea.,Research Institute for Convergence of Basic Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea
| | - Hye Jin Shin
- Center for Convergent Research of Emerging Virus Infection, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, 34114, South Korea
| | - Keun Bon Ku
- Center for Convergent Research of Emerging Virus Infection, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, 34114, South Korea
| | - Hyung Jin Cha
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
| | - Jun Hee Han
- Department of Chemistry, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea.,Research Institute for Convergence of Basic Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea
| | - Sung-Ah Hong
- Department of Chemistry, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea.,Research Institute for Convergence of Basic Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea
| | - Bum-Tae Kim
- Center for Convergent Research of Emerging Virus Infection, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, 34114, South Korea
| | - Seong-Jun Kim
- Center for Convergent Research of Emerging Virus Infection, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, 34114, South Korea
| | - Jae-Sung Woo
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
| | - Sangsu Bae
- Department of Chemistry, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea.,Research Institute for Convergence of Basic Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea
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18
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Golomb BA, Koslik HJ, Han JH, Preger Guida AH, Hamilton G, Kelley RI. A Pilot Study of Bioenergetic Marker Relationships in Gulf War Illness: Phosphocreatine Recovery vs. Citric Acid Cycle Intermediates. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:ijerph18041635. [PMID: 33572101 PMCID: PMC7914405 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18041635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Impaired bioenergetics have been reported in veterans with Gulf War illness (VGWIs), including prolonged post-exercise recovery of phosphocreatine (PCr-R) assessed with 31Phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The citric acid cycle (CAC) is considered the most important metabolic pathway for supplying energy, with relationships among CAC markers reported to shift in some but not all impaired bioenergetic settings. We sought to assess relations of CAC markers to one another and to PCr-R. Participants were 33 VGWIs and 33 healthy controls 1:1 matched on age–sex–ethnicity. We assessed seven CAC intermediates, and evaluated PCr-R in a subset of matched case–control pairs (N = 14). CAC markers did not significantly differ between cases and controls. Relationships of alpha-ketoglutarate to malate, isocitrate, and succinate were strongly significant in cases with materially weaker relationships in controls, suggesting possible shifts in these markers in concert in VGWIs. PCr-R correlated strongly with five of seven CAC markers in controls (succinate, malate, fumarate, citrate, isocitrate, range r = −0.74 to −0.88), but bore no relationship in VGWIs. In summary, PCr-R related significantly to CAC markers in healthy controls, but not VGWIs. In contrast, relations of CAC markers to one another appeared to shift (often strengthen) in VGWIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice A. Golomb
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093-0995, USA; (H.J.K.); (J.H.H.); (A.H.P.G.)
- Correspondence: or
| | - Hayley J. Koslik
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093-0995, USA; (H.J.K.); (J.H.H.); (A.H.P.G.)
| | - Jun Hee Han
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093-0995, USA; (H.J.K.); (J.H.H.); (A.H.P.G.)
| | - Anna Helena Preger Guida
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093-0995, USA; (H.J.K.); (J.H.H.); (A.H.P.G.)
| | - Gavin Hamilton
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093-0995, USA;
| | - Richard I. Kelley
- Department of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
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19
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Park B, Bang CH, Lee C, Han JH, Choi W, Kim J, Park GS, Rhie JW, Lee JH, Kim C. 3D wide-field multispectral photoacoustic imaging of human melanomas in vivo: a pilot study. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2020; 35:669-676. [PMID: 33037671 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.16985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Breslow depth is an important parameter to determine the excision margin and prognosis of melanoma. However, it is difficult to accurately determine the actual Breslow depth before surgery using the existing ocular micrometer and biopsy technique. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the use of 3D wide-field multispectral photoacoustic imaging to non-invasively measure depth and outline the boundary of melanomas for optimal surgical margin selection. METHODS Six melanoma patients were examined in vivo using the 3D multispectral photoacoustic imaging system. For five cases of melanomas (one in situ, three nodular, and one acral lentiginous type melanoma), the spectrally unmixed photoacoustic depths were calculated and compared against histopathological depths. RESULTS Spectrally unmixed photoacoustic depths and histopathological depths match well within a mean absolute error of 0.36 mm. In particular, the measured minimum and maximum depths in the in situ and nodular type of melanoma were 0.6 and 9.1 mm, respectively. In the 3D photoacoustic image of one metastatic melanoma, feeding vessels were visualized in the melanoma, suggesting the neovascularization around the tumour. CONCLUSIONS The 3D multispectral photoacoustic imaging not only provides well-measured depth and sizes of various types of melanomas, it also visualizes the metastatic type of melanoma. Obtaining accurate depth and boundary information of melanoma before surgery would play a useful role in the complete excision of melanoma during surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Park
- Departments of Electrical Engineering, Creative IT Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, and Medical Device Innovation Center, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Korea
| | - C H Bang
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - C Lee
- Departments of Electrical Engineering, Creative IT Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, and Medical Device Innovation Center, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Korea
| | - J H Han
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - W Choi
- Departments of Electrical Engineering, Creative IT Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, and Medical Device Innovation Center, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Korea
| | - J Kim
- Departments of Electrical Engineering, Creative IT Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, and Medical Device Innovation Center, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Korea.,Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, College of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea
| | - G S Park
- Department of Pathology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - J W Rhie
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - J H Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - C Kim
- Departments of Electrical Engineering, Creative IT Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, and Medical Device Innovation Center, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Korea
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20
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Jeon Y, Noh I, Seo YC, Han JH, Park Y, Cho EH, Choi KC. Parallel-Stacked Flexible Organic Light-Emitting Diodes for Wearable Photodynamic Therapeutics and Color-Tunable Optoelectronics. ACS Nano 2020; 14:15688-15699. [PMID: 33155466 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c06649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Deformable organic light-emitting diode (OLED) based optoelectronic devices hold promise for various wearable applications including biomedical systems and displays, but current OLED technologies require high voltage and lack the power needed for wearable photodynamic therapy (PDT) applications and wearable displays. This paper presents a parallel-stacked OLED (PAOLED) with high power, more than 100 mW/cm2, at low voltage (<8 V). The current dispersion ratio can be tuned by optimizing the structure of the individual OLEDs stacked to create the PAOLED, allowing control of the PAOLED's wavelength shapes, current efficiency, and power. In this study, a fabricated PAOLED operated reliably for 100 h at a high power of 35 mW/cm2. Confirming its potential application to PDT, the measured singlet oxygen generation ratio of the PAOLED was found to be 3.8 times higher than the reference OLED. The high-power PAOLED achieved a 24% reduction in melanoma cancer cell viability after a short (0.5 h) irradiation. In addition, a white light PAOLED with color tuning was realized through OLED color combination, and a high brightness of over 30 000 cd/m2 was realized, below 8.5 V. In conclusion, the PAOLED was demonstrated to be suitable for a variety of low-voltage, high-power wearable optoelectronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongmin Jeon
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Ilkoo Noh
- Department of Biological Science, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Cheol Seo
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Hee Han
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongjin Park
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Hae Cho
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Cheol Choi
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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Myung R, Han JH, Kim B. Differences in antibiotic usage patterns for acute pyelonephritis according to hospital type and region in the Republic of Korea: A population-based study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e21896. [PMID: 32925724 PMCID: PMC7489635 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000021896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the differences in antibiotic usage patterns in the treatment of acute pyelonephritis according to hospital type and region in Korea.The claims database of the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service in Korea was used to select patients with the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision code N10 (acute tubulo-interstitial nephritis) or N12 (tubulo-interstitial nephritis, neither acute nor chronic) as the primary discharge diagnosis in 2010-2014. Usage of each class of antibiotics was expressed as the defined daily dose (DDD)/event.The average antibiotic usage per inpatient event was 11.3 DDD. The average antibiotic usage was the highest among patients admitted to tertiary hospitals (13.8 DDD), followed by those admitted to secondary hospitals (11.5 DDD), clinics (10.0 DDD), and primary hospitals (9.8 DDD). According to the geographic analyses, third-generation cephalosporins were highly prescribed in some southern regions; fluoroquinolones and aminoglycosides were highly prescribed in some centrally located regions of the Korean peninsula. The hotspots for carbapenem usage included Seoul and Gyeonggi province cluster and Busan cluster: these regions include the capital city and the second biggest city in Korea, respectively.In conclusion, the antibiotic usage patterns for acute pyelonephritis in Korea differ according to the hospital type and region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rangmi Myung
- Department of Economics, College of Political Science and Economics, Korea University, Seoul
| | - Jun Hee Han
- Department of Statistics, Hallym University, Chuncheon
| | - Bongyoung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
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22
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Han JH, Ahn JH, Kim JS. Magnetic resonance elastography for evaluation of renal parenchyma in chronic kidney disease: a pilot study. Radiol Med 2020; 125:1209-1215. [DOI: 10.1007/s11547-020-01210-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Han JH, Lee JP, Lee JS, Song SH, Kim KS. Fate of the micropenis and constitutional small penis: do they grow to normalcy in puberty? J Pediatr Urol 2019; 15:526.e1-526.e6. [PMID: 31447312 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2019.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Penile length is an important indicator of male sexual development. Scarce data were reported on penile length measurements in children comparing changes between prepuberty and puberty for the small penile issue with long-term follow-up. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to investigate the possibility of catch-up growth of the penile length of boys with a small penis in the long-term follow-up. STUDY DESIGN From April 2001 to December 2016, 27 boys who visited the outpatient clinic owing to a small penis, without any chromosomal anomalies and other genital disorder, were investigated retrospectively. Micropenis is defined as 2.5 standard deviations less than the mean stretched penile length (SPL) of age. Periodic penile length, testicular volume, hormonal levels (serum testosterone, luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)), and bone age were measured. Pubertal development was recorded by using the Tanner scale. The effect of hormonal therapy and the factors attributable to the increment of the penile length were evaluated. RESULTS The mean age at the first visit was 9.8 years (5-12 years) and that at puberty was 12.6 years (10-16 years). The length of the penis at the initial visit was 4.0 ± 0.8 cm (2.5-6.0) and at puberty, 7.3 ± 1.8 cm (4.0-12.0). Nine patients diagnosed with micropenis no longer had a micropenis in puberty. The less the age-matched SPL, the more the increment of SPL that was observed (rho = - 0.548, P = 0.003). The mean increment of SPL in the hormonal therapy group (11 boys) and the non-hormonal therapy group (16 boys) was not statistically different (43.5 ± 22. 9% vs 41.5 ± 21.6%, respectively, P = 0.497). DISCUSSION This study explains how much the growth of a small penis catches up in puberty. From the point of view of the increment of SPL, the increment was higher in boys who belonged to the smaller penis group. Hormonal therapy does not attribute to an increase in the length after long-term follow-up. Limitations of this study were its retrospective origin with a small number of patients in a single center. CONCLUSION Catch-up growth of the small penis at puberty was accomplished in most children with a small penis before puberty. Hormonal treatment was not significantly correlated with the penile length increment in the long-term follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Han
- Department of Urology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Songpa-gu, Seoul 50555, South Korea
| | - J P Lee
- Department of Urology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Songpa-gu, Seoul 50555, South Korea
| | - J S Lee
- Department of Urology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Songpa-gu, Seoul 50555, South Korea
| | - S H Song
- Department of Urology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Songpa-gu, Seoul 50555, South Korea
| | - K S Kim
- Department of Urology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Songpa-gu, Seoul 50555, South Korea.
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Park SY, Lee SJ, Han JH, Koh YW. Association between 18F-FDG uptake in PET/CT, Nrf2, and NQO1 expression and their prognostic significance in non-small cell lung cancer. Neoplasma 2019; 66:619-626. [PMID: 30868898 DOI: 10.4149/neo_2018_181007n742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Two pentose phosphate pathway-related proteins, NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/ NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (Quinone) 1 (NQO1) regulate the expression of glucose metabolism and antioxidant genes. We evaluated the prognostic significance of NRF2, NQO1 and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (18F-FDG PET) parameter and their relationship with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) histology. A total of 241 patients, who underwent surgical resection for NSCLC, were reviewed retrospectively. Preoperative 18F-FDG PET and immunohistochemical results of Nrf2 and NQO1 were evaluated. In SQCC, the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) was significantly higher in NQO1-high than in NQO1-low expression (p=0.023). In adenocarcinoma, SUVmax was not correlated with NQO1 expression. Patients with a high NQO1 expression showed poor recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) than patients with a low NQO1 expression in squamous cell carcinoma (SQCC) (p=0.002 and p=0.014, respectively). NQO1 expression was not associated with clinical outcome in adenocarcinoma. Nrf2 expression was not correlated with prognosis in two types of NSCLC. High SUVmax was associated with poor RFS (p=0.03) but is not related to poor OS (p=0.569) in SQCC. In multivariate analyses, NQO1 expression and SUVmax were not independent prognostic factors in SQCC. However, in multivariate analysis combining NQO1 and SUVmax values, both low SUVmax and low NQO1 was independent prognostic factor for RFS and OS (HR= 3.790, p = 0.033 and HR= 2.961, p = 0.045, respectively). In conclusion, both low SUVmax and low NQO1 was an independent prognostic factor in SQCC alone. The sample size was small but there was a positive correlation between NQO1 expression and SUVmax in SQCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Park
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - S J Lee
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Ajou University School of Medicine, Ajou University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - J H Han
- Department of Pathology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Ajou University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Y W Koh
- Department of Pathology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Ajou University, Suwon, South Korea
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Lee HS, Kim D, Han JH, Lee TW, Lee S, Jeon DY, Choi KC. P‐110: Efficient Quantum Dot Light‐Emitting Diodes by Reducing Oxygen Vacancies of ZnO Nanoparticles with Recycling Process. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/sdtp.13271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ho Seung Lee
- School of Electrical Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Dohong Kim
- School of Electrical Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Hee Han
- School of Electrical Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Woo Lee
- School of Electrical Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Somin Lee
- School of Electrical Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Duk Young Jeon
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Cheol Choi
- School of Electrical Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
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Lee JH, Kim HJ, Han KD, Han JH, Bang CH, Park YM, Lee JY, Lee SJ, Park YG, Lee YB. Incidence and prevalence of alopecia areata according to subtype: a nationwide, population-based study in South Korea (2006-2015). Br J Dermatol 2019; 181:1092-1093. [PMID: 31102412 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.18145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J H Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - H J Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - K D Han
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222, Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 137-701, Korea
| | - J H Han
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - C H Bang
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Y M Park
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - J Y Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - S J Lee
- Department of Business Management, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Y-G Park
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222, Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 137-701, Korea
| | - Y B Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Uijeongbu St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 271 Chunbo Street, Uijeongbu, 07345, Korea
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Jung SY, Han JH, Park SJ, Lee EG, Lee MH, Lee ES, Kang HS, Lee KS, Park IH, Sim SH, Jeong HJ, Kwon Y, Lee DE, Joo J, Kim SK, Lee S. Abstract P3-03-05: Not presented. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-p3-03-05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
This abstract was not presented at the conference.
Citation Format: Jung S-Y, Han JH, Park SJ, Lee E-G, Lee MH, Lee ES, Kang H-S, Lee KS, Park IH, Sim SH, Jeong HJ, Kwon Y, Lee D-E, Joo J, Kim S-K, Lee S. Not presented [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-03-05.
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Affiliation(s)
- S-Y Jung
- National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea; Wonkwang University Sanbon Hospital, Gunpo, Republic of Korea; Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - JH Han
- National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea; Wonkwang University Sanbon Hospital, Gunpo, Republic of Korea; Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - SJ Park
- National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea; Wonkwang University Sanbon Hospital, Gunpo, Republic of Korea; Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - E-G Lee
- National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea; Wonkwang University Sanbon Hospital, Gunpo, Republic of Korea; Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - MH Lee
- National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea; Wonkwang University Sanbon Hospital, Gunpo, Republic of Korea; Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - ES Lee
- National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea; Wonkwang University Sanbon Hospital, Gunpo, Republic of Korea; Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - H-S Kang
- National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea; Wonkwang University Sanbon Hospital, Gunpo, Republic of Korea; Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - KS Lee
- National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea; Wonkwang University Sanbon Hospital, Gunpo, Republic of Korea; Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - IH Park
- National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea; Wonkwang University Sanbon Hospital, Gunpo, Republic of Korea; Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - SH Sim
- National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea; Wonkwang University Sanbon Hospital, Gunpo, Republic of Korea; Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - HJ Jeong
- National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea; Wonkwang University Sanbon Hospital, Gunpo, Republic of Korea; Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Y Kwon
- National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea; Wonkwang University Sanbon Hospital, Gunpo, Republic of Korea; Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - D-E Lee
- National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea; Wonkwang University Sanbon Hospital, Gunpo, Republic of Korea; Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - J Joo
- National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea; Wonkwang University Sanbon Hospital, Gunpo, Republic of Korea; Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - S-K Kim
- National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea; Wonkwang University Sanbon Hospital, Gunpo, Republic of Korea; Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - S Lee
- National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea; Wonkwang University Sanbon Hospital, Gunpo, Republic of Korea; Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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Shin M, Chang WH, Kim DY, Sohn MK, Lee J, Lee SG, Shin YI, Kim SY, Oh GJ, Lee YS, Joo MC, Han EY, Han JH, Ahn J, Choi YJ, Kang SH, Lee KH, Kim YT, Shin M, Kim YH. Abstract WP198: Sex Differences of Functional Recovery Pattern After the First-ever Stroke in Korea: The KOSCO Study. Stroke 2019. [DOI: 10.1161/str.50.suppl_1.wp198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective:
The objective of this study was to investigate differences of functional recovery pattern and the factors associated with recovery pattern between male and female stroke patients.
Methods:
This study was an interim analysis of the Korean Stroke Cohort for Functioning and Rehabilitation (KOSCO) designed as 10 years long-term follow-up study of stroke patients. We analyzed serial data up to 24 months of multi-facet functional assessments such as Korean-Modified Barthel Index (K-MBI), Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA), Functional ambulation classification (FAC), American Speech-Language-Hearing Association-National Outcomes Measurement System (ASHA-NOMS), Korean version of Frenchay Aphasia Screening Test (K-FAST) to identify sex-specific differences after adjustments for difference with age, type of stroke, premorbid functional level, degree of comorbidity, and multi-facet functional levels at 7 day after stroke.
Results:
Out of total 10,636 stroke patients (6,043 male and 4,593 female), female patients showed significantly older age, lower education level, lower body mass index, worse premorbid functional level, higher co-morbidity and more severe initial severity assessed by NIHSS compared with male stroke patients (p<0.05, Table 1). Even after multiple adjustments for differences, multi-facet functional outcomes were more severe in female stroke patients such as lower FMA, K-FAST, and FAC at 7 day; lower K-MBI, K-FAST, and FAC at 3, 12, and 24 months; lower ASHA-NOMS at 24 months (p<0.05, Table 2).
Conclusion:
The results of this study could provide more specific information for establishing the stroke rehabilitation strategy according to sex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Shin
- Dept of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Samsung Med Cntr, Sungkyunkwan Univ Sch of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
| | - Won Hyuk Chang
- Dept of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Samsung Med Cntr, Sungkyunkwan Univ Sch of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
| | - Deog Yung Kim
- Dept and Rsch Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei Univ of College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
| | - Min Kyun Sohn
- Dept of Rehabilitation Medicine, Chungnam National Univ Sch of Medicine, Chungnam, Korea, Republic of
| | - Jongmin Lee
- Dept of Rehabilitation Medicine, Konkuk Univ Sch of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
| | - Sam-Gyu Lee
- Dept of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Chonnam National Univ Med Sch, Chonnam, Korea, Republic of
| | - Yong-il Shin
- Dept of Rehabilitation Medicine, Pusan National Univ Sch of Medicine, Pusan, Korea, Republic of
| | - Soo-Yeon Kim
- Dept of Rehabilitation Medicine, Pusan National Univ Sch of Medicine, Pusan, Korea, Republic of
| | - Gyung-Jae Oh
- Dept of Preventive Medicine, Wonkwang Univ, Sch of Medicine, Chunbuk, Korea, Republic of
| | - Yang-Soo Lee
- Dept of Rehabilitation Medicine, Kyungpook National Univ Hosp, Kyungpook, Korea, Republic of
| | - Min Cheol Joo
- Dept of Rehabilitation Medicine, Wonkwang Univesity Sch of Medicine, chunbuk, Korea, Republic of
| | - Eun Young Han
- Dept of Rehabilitation Medicine, Jeju National Univ Hosp, Jeju, Korea, Republic of
| | - Jun Hee Han
- Dept of Statistics, Hanllym Univ, Gangwon-do Province, Korea, Republic of
| | - Jeounghoon Ahn
- Dept of Health Convergence, Ewha Womans Univ, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
| | - Yong-Joo Choi
- Korea Cntrs for Disease Control and Prevention, Div of Chronic Disease Prevention, Cntr for Disease, Chungbuk, Korea, Republic of
| | - Sung Hyun Kang
- Korea Cntrs for Disease Control and Prevention, Div of Chronic Disease Prevention, Cntr for Disease, Chungbuk, Korea, Republic of
| | - Kang Hee Lee
- Korea Cntrs for Disease Control and Prevention, Div of Chronic Disease Prevention, Cntr for Disease, Chungbuk, Korea, Republic of
| | - Young Taek Kim
- Korea Cntrs for Disease Control and Prevention, Div of Chronic Disease Control, Cntr for Disease Prevention, Chungbuk, Korea, Republic of
| | - Minyoung Shin
- Dept of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Samsung Med Cntr, Sungkyunkwan Univ Sch of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
| | - Yun-Hee Kim
- Dept of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Samsung Med Cntr, Sungkyunkwan Univ Sch of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
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Chung JH, Yoon SH, Kang YJ, Kim YS, Son BS, Kwon RJ, Han JH, Kim DH. Receptor-interacting protein kinase 3 as a predictive adjuvant chemotherapy marker after lung adenocarcinoma resection. Ann Transl Med 2019; 7:42. [PMID: 30906746 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2018.12.65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Background This study assessed the predictive value of receptor-interacting protein kinase 3 (RIPK3) expression and its correlation with clinicopathological characteristics, disease-free survival, and overall survival of patients with cisplatin-based adjuvant chemotherapy after lung adenocarcinoma resection. Methods This study included 50 patients who underwent cisplatin-based adjuvant chemotherapy after lung adenocarcinoma (stage IB-IIIA) resection. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed by probing tumor tissue microarrays with anti-RIPK3 antibody. Results High RIPK3 expression was detected in 24 (48.0%) of the 50 patients. Moreover, high RIPK3 expression was associated with a prolonged disease-free survival (P=0.015) but not with a prolonged overall survival (P=0.109) of the patients who underwent cisplatin doublet therapy after lung adenocarcinoma resection. We also examined whether RIPK3 expression was associated with prognosis based on chemotherapeutic response and found that patients with low RIPK3 expression showed a higher tendency of developing a progressive disease [14/26 (53.8%) patients] than patients with high RIPK3 expression [6/24 (25.0%) patients] (P=0.03). Results of Cox univariate proportional hazards regression model showed that age, N stage, and high RIPK3 expression (P=0.04) were associated with the prolonged disease-free survival of the patients who underwent cisplatin-based adjuvant chemotherapy after lung adenocarcinoma resection. Conclusions These results suggest that RIPK3 overexpression is a potential biomarker to identify patients with lung adenocarcinoma who can benefit the most from cisplatin-based adjuvant chemotherapy after complete adenocarcinoma resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Heun Chung
- Department of Pulmonology, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Seong Hoon Yoon
- Department of Pulmonology, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Yong Jung Kang
- Department of Pulmonology, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Yun Seong Kim
- Department of Pulmonology, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Bong Soo Son
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Ryuk Jun Kwon
- Department of Family Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Jun Hee Han
- Department of Statistics, Hallym University, Chucheon, Kangwon, Korea
| | - Do Hyung Kim
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
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Chang WH, Shin M, Shin YI, Sohn MK, Lee J, Kim DY, Lee SG, Kim SY, Oh GJ, Lee YS, Joo MC, Han EY, Han JH, Ahn J, Lee KH, Kang SH, Choi YJ, Kim YT, Choi MT, Kim YH. Abstract TP174: Clustering and Predicting Functional Recovery Patterns of the First-ever Ischemic Stroke Using Artificial Intelligence: The KOSCO Study. Stroke 2019. [DOI: 10.1161/str.50.suppl_1.tp174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective:
The objective of this study was to apply the clustering approach of multi-facet functional recovery pattern with big data of in the Korean Stroke Cohort for Functioning and Rehabilitation (KOSCO) using artificial intelligence, and to provide valuable prediction models for clinically use.
Methods:
This study was an interim analysis of the KOSCO designed as 10 years long-term follow-up study of stroke patients. We analyzed data of participants who completed functional assessments from 7 days to 12 months after ischemic stroke onset. Functional assessments included Korean modified Barthel Index (K-MBI), Korean Mini-Mental State Examination (K-MMSE), Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA), Functional Ambulatory Category (FAC), the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association National Outcome Measurement System Swallowing Scale (ASHA-NOMS), and Short Korean Version of Frenchay Aphasia Screening Test (Short K-FAST). The cluster analysis using artificial intelligence was performed for multi-facet functional recovery patterns of independency, motor, ambulation, cognition, language, and swallowing functions. After the cluster analysis, a group of rehabilitation specialists reviewed the clinical meaningfulness with clustered population, whether the groups had high homogeneity and representativeness of the clinical stroke recovery patterns. After these clustering approaches, a prediction model using machine learning was performed. The accuracy of classification of this prediction model was evaluated by comparing how much the prediction was equivalent to the actual clustering result.
Results:
After the machine learning in supervised manners on artificial intelligence, recovery patterns after stroke could be classified into ten groups. Each group showed a different multi-facet functional recovery pattern from 7 day to 12 months, and this clustering showed a clinically acceptance. In addition, the accuracy in classification with clinical characteristics at 7 days showed more than 73.0%.
Conclusion:
The results of this study demonstrated the potentials of the clustering and predicting functional recovery patterns of stroke patients using artificial intelligence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won Hyuk Chang
- Dept of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Samsung Med Cntr, Sungkyunkwan Univ Sch of Medicine, seoul, Korea, Republic of
| | - Mina Shin
- Dept of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Samsung Med Cntr, Sungkyunkwan Univ Sch of Medicine, seoul, Korea, Republic of
| | - Yong-il Shin
- Dept of Rehabilitation Medicine, Pusan National Univ Sch of Medicine, Pusan, Korea, Republic of
| | - Min Kyun Sohn
- Dept of Rehabilitation Medicine, Chungnam National Univ Sch of Medicine, Chungnam, Korea, Republic of
| | - Jongmin Lee
- Dept of Rehabilitation Medicine, Konkuk Univ Sch of Medicine, seoul, Korea, Republic of
| | - Deog Yung Kim
- Dept and Rsch Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei Univ of College of Medicine, seoul, Korea, Republic of
| | - Sam-Gyu Lee
- Dept of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Chonnam National Univ Med Sch, Chonnam, Korea, Republic of
| | - Soo-Yeon Kim
- Dept of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Pusan National Univ Sch of Medicine, Pusan, Korea, Republic of
| | - Gyung-Jae Oh
- Dept of Preventive Medicine, Wonkwang Univesity Sch of Medicine, Chunbuk, Korea, Republic of
| | - Yang-Soo Lee
- Dept of Rehabilitation Medicine, Kyungpook National Univ Hosp, Kyungpook, Korea, Republic of
| | - Min Cheol Joo
- Dept of Rehabilitation Medicine, Wonkwang Univesity Sch of Medicine, Chunbuk, Korea, Republic of
| | - Eun Young Han
- Dept of Rehabilitation Medicine, Jeju National Univ Hosp, Jeju, Korea, Republic of
| | - Jun Hee Han
- Dept of Statistics, Hanllym Univ, Gangwon-do Province, Korea, Republic of
| | - Jeounghoon Ahn
- Dept of Health Convergence, Ewha Womans Univ, seoul, Korea, Republic of
| | - Kang Hee Lee
- Korea Cntrs for Disease Control and Prevention, Div of Chronic Disease Prevention, Cntr for Disease, Chungbuk, Korea, Republic of
| | - Sung Hyun Kang
- Korea Cntrs for Disease Control and Prevention, Div of Chronic Disease Prevention, Cntr for Disease, Chungbuk, Korea, Republic of
| | - Yong-Joo Choi
- Korea Cntrs for Disease Control and Prevention, Div of Chronic Disease Prevention, Cntr for Disease, Chungbuk, Korea, Republic of
| | - Young Taek Kim
- Korea Cntrs for Disease Control and Prevention, Div of Chronic Disease Control, Cntr for Disease Prevention, Chungbuk, Korea, Republic of
| | - Mon-Taek Choi
- Sch of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan Univ, seoul, Korea, Republic of
| | - Yun-Hee Kim
- Dept of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Samsung Med Cntr, Sungkyunkwan Univ Sch of Medicine, seoul, Korea, Republic of
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Park S, Kim H, Cho S, You G, Oh HB, Han JH, Lee J. Enhanced Incorporation of Gaseous CO2 to Succinate by a Recombinant Escherichia coli W3110. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-018-0177-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Wei LW, Yuan ZQ, Zhao MD, Gu CW, Han JH, Fu L. Inhibition of Cannabinoid Receptor 1 Can Influence the Lipid Metabolism in Mice with Diet-Induced Obesity. Biochemistry (Mosc) 2018; 83:1279-1287. [PMID: 30472964 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297918100127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A growing number of evidences accumulated about critical metabolic role of cannabinoid type 1 receptor (CB1), carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 (CPT1) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) in some peripheral tissues, including adipose tissue, liver, skeletal muscle and heart. To better understand the interactions of CB1, CPT1 and PPARs in these tissues, 30 diet-induced obese (DIO) C57BL/6J male mice were obtained, weight-matched and divided into two groups (15 in each group): (i) DIO/vehicle mice (D-Veh) and (ii) DIO/SR141716 mice (D-SR) treated with SR141716 (or rimonabant, a selective CB1 receptor blocker) administered orally (10 mg/kg daily). Another 15 mice fed standard diet (STD) formed the STD/vehicle group (S-Veh). At the end of 3-week treatment, mean body weight was 28.4 ± 0.5, 36.5 ± 0.8, and 30.3 ± 1.2 g for the S-Veh, D-Veh, and D-SR group, respectively (p < 0.05; D-Veh vs. D-SR). Liver weight in the D-SR group was also decreased significantly compared to the D-Veh group (p < 0.05). Serum levels of total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, leptin and adiponectin in the D-SR group were ameliorated compared to the D-Veh group (p < 0.05). Both qRT-PCR and Western blot assay revealed that CB1 expression levels were efficiently blocked by SR141716 in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), visceral adipose tissue (VAT), skeletal muscles and liver (D-SR vs. D-Veh; p < 0.05), whereas there was no significant difference between S-Veh and D-Veh mice (p > 0.05). Simultaneously with the reduction of CB1 expression in the D-SR group, the expression levels of CPT1A isoform (protein) in the liver and heart and CPT1B isoform (protein) in the SAT, VAT, liver and skeletal muscles were significantly increased (p < 0.05; D-SR vs. D-Veh). Interestingly, the CPT1A and CPT1B expression levels in heart were detected slightly. The expression levels of PPARα in the SAT, VAT, liver and skeletal muscles and PPARγ in the SAT and skeletal muscles in the D-SR group were significantly increased compared to the D-Veh mice (p < 0.05). However, the PPARβ expression level differed from that of PPARα and PPARγ. Taken together, these data indicate that the inhibition of CB1 could ameliorate lipid metabolism via the stimulation of the CPT1A and CPT1B expression in vivo. Simultaneously, the PPARα and PPARγ expression levels significantly differed compared to that of PPARβ in obesity and lipid metabolism-related disorders under blockade of CB1. Both the mechanism of the influence of CB1 inhibition on lipid metabolism in the examined tissues and the specific mechanism of PPARα, PPARγ and PPARβ involvement in lipid exchange under these conditions remain to be further elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- L W Wei
- Laboratory Animal Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China
| | - Z Q Yuan
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Orthopaedic Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, China.
| | - M D Zhao
- Laboratory Animal Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China
| | - C W Gu
- Laboratory Animal Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China
| | - J H Han
- Laboratory Animal Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China
| | - L Fu
- Laboratory Animal Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China.
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Chung JH, Kim DH, Kim YS, Son BS, Kim D, Hwang C, Shin D, Noh SG, Han JH, Kim DK, Kim JH, Koo JS, Chung HY, Yoon SH. Upregulation of P21-Activated Kinase 1 (PAK1)/CREB Axis in Squamous Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma. Cell Physiol Biochem 2018; 50:304-316. [PMID: 30282071 DOI: 10.1159/000494007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS p21-activated Ser/Thr kinase 1 (PAK1) is essential for the genesis and development of many cancers. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of the PAK1-cyclic AMP response element-binding (CREB) axis in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tumorigenesis and its related mechanisms. METHODS Western blot assay and immunohistochemical staining were employed to investigate the PAK1 and CREB expression in the tissue microarray of human squamous NSCLC. Co-immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence confocal assays were performed to determine the link between PAK1 and CREB. NSCLC xenograft models were used to study oncogenic function of PAK1 in vivo. RESULTS We observed that PAK1 and CREB expression levels were significantly elevated in human squamous NSCLC-tissue specimens, compared with those in adjacent normal bronchial or bronchiolar epithelial-tissue specimens, as well as their phosphorylated forms, based on western blotting. We showed in vitro that PAK1 knockdown by small-interfering RNA (siRNA) blocked CREB phosphorylation, whereas plasmid-based PAK1 overexpression resulted in CREB phosphorylation at Ser133, based on western blotting. In addition, PAK1 interacted with CREB in co-immunoprecipitation assays. Additionally, our in vitro findings detected by flow cytometry revealed that PAK1 silencing attenuated cell cycle progression, inducing apoptosis. Inhibition of PAK1 expression reduced tumor sizes and masses by modulating CREB expression and activation in xenograft models. CONCLUSION These results suggest a novel mechanism whereby the PAK1-CREB axis drives carcinogenesis of squamous-cell carcinomas, and have important implications in the development of targeted therapeutics for squamous-cell lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Heun Chung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Hyun Kim
- Molecular Inflammation Research Center for Aging intervention (MRCA), College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Seong Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Bong Soo Son
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Dohyung Kim
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Chungsu Hwang
- Department of Pathology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Donghoon Shin
- Department of Pathology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Gyun Noh
- Molecular Inflammation Research Center for Aging intervention (MRCA), College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Hee Han
- Department of Statistics, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Kyung Kim
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Ho Kim
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Ja Seok Koo
- Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale Comprehensive Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Hae Young Chung
- Molecular Inflammation Research Center for Aging intervention (MRCA), College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Hoon Yoon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
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Lee EG, Kang H, Park SJ, Han JH, Jung SY, Lee S, Kang HS, Park B, Kong SY, Lim MC, Park SY, Lee ES. Abstract P4-06-12: Different patterns of risk reducing decisions in affected or unaffected BRCA mutation carriers. Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs17-p4-06-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Risk-reducing (RR) management decreases the risk of breast cancer and BRCA related gynecologic cancer. However, there are fewer reports on the RR management in Asia compared to Western countries.The aim of this study is to identify risk reducing management patterns with BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation carriers.
METHODS
The study group consisted of all consecutive 1104 breast cancer, ovarian patients and their families of high-risk patients who underwent BRCA gene testing in National Cancer Center, Korea from 2008 to 2016. A total 220 BRCA mutations (19.9%) were detected with 125(11.3%) of BRCA1 gene and 95 (8.6%) of BRCA2 gene.
RESULTS
Out of 220 BRCA mutations carriers, they were consisted of 83 breast cancers, 10 ovarian cancers, 7 both cancers, and 120 unaffected carriers. Among them, 42 were men and 178 were women. About 90 % (198/ 220) had the familial history of breast, ovarian or both malignancies (113 in BRCA1 and 85 in BRCA2 mutation (p=0.821)).
All 42 men chose surveillance. Among 178 female BRCA mutation carriers, 98(55.1%) underwent risk reducing management including 18(10.1%) of chemoprevention, and 80(49.9%) had risk-reducing surgeries (RRSs) (1 case of risk-reducing mastectomy, 76 of risk reducing bilateral salphingo-oophorectomy (RRSO), and 3 of both) and 80 (54.9%) chose only intensive surveillance for both of breast and ovary cancer.
In affected carriers with breast cancer, 59 (71.1%) underwent RR management (1 case of risk reducing mastectomy, 53 of RRSO, 3 of both surgery, and 2 of chemoprevention). There was no risk reducing management in affected carrier with ovarian cancer patients. In 78 unaffected women carriers, 39(50.0%) women received RR management (23(29.5%) cases of RRSO and 16(20.5%) cases of chemoprevention). The rates of RRSs have increased annually since the 2013 year, (prior to 2013 vs. since 2013, RRSs 28.6% (6 cases/21 carriers) vs. 37.2% (74/199), p<0.01).
CONCLUSION
This study was conducted on the largest numbers of BRCA mutation carriers in Asian countries. RRSO is the more preferred management for affected carriers with breast cancer or unaffected carriers. The results might be explained by the severity of the illness and that RRSO was only reimbursed RR strategy from the Korean Government Insurance. Tailored genetic counseling and insurance policy may enhance overall levels of RR management.
Citation Format: Lee EG, Kang H, Park SJ, Han JH, Jung S-Y, Lee S, Kang H-S, Park B, Kong S-Y, Lim MC, Park S-Y, Lee ES. Different patterns of risk reducing decisions in affected or unaffected BRCA mutation carriers [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2017 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2017 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-06-12.
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Affiliation(s)
- EG Lee
- Center for Breast Cancer, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Korea; Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Korea; Center for Uterine Cancer, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - H Kang
- Center for Breast Cancer, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Korea; Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Korea; Center for Uterine Cancer, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - SJ Park
- Center for Breast Cancer, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Korea; Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Korea; Center for Uterine Cancer, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - JH Han
- Center for Breast Cancer, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Korea; Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Korea; Center for Uterine Cancer, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - S-Y Jung
- Center for Breast Cancer, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Korea; Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Korea; Center for Uterine Cancer, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - S Lee
- Center for Breast Cancer, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Korea; Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Korea; Center for Uterine Cancer, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - H-S Kang
- Center for Breast Cancer, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Korea; Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Korea; Center for Uterine Cancer, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - B Park
- Center for Breast Cancer, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Korea; Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Korea; Center for Uterine Cancer, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - S-Y Kong
- Center for Breast Cancer, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Korea; Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Korea; Center for Uterine Cancer, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - MC Lim
- Center for Breast Cancer, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Korea; Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Korea; Center for Uterine Cancer, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - S-Y Park
- Center for Breast Cancer, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Korea; Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Korea; Center for Uterine Cancer, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - ES Lee
- Center for Breast Cancer, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Korea; Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Korea; Center for Uterine Cancer, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
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Yang SZ, Zhou CY, Wang F, Sun BC, Han ZL, Shen Y, Han JH, Zhang HJ. [Analysis of curative effect of transoral radiofrequency ablation microsurgery on glottic carcinoma with anterior commissure involvement at the early stage]. Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2018; 53:86-91. [PMID: 29429176 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-0860.2018.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the key technique and outcome of transoral radiofrequency ablation microsurgery for early stage of glottic carcinoma with anterior commissure involvement (ACI). Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 31 patients, who were diagnosed as early stage glottic carcinoma during January 2010 to March 2016 in ENT Department. According to whether the anterior commissure was involved or not, two groups were divided. There were eleven cases with ACI (stages T1a, T1b, and T2). Twenty cases without ACI (stages Tis, T1a, and T2). All the patients received transoral radiofrequency ablation microsurgery and followed up closely.Only one case received radiotheraphy after surgery. SPSS19.0 software was used to analyze data. Results: The follow-up time was 12-67 months, and the median follow-up time was 30 months. Nine among 11 cases with ACI obtained good oncologic outcomes, initial local recurrence was identified in 2/11 cases, including 2 cases of T2. Two cases ultimately required salvage total laryngectomy. Meanwhile, initial local recurrence was identified in 2/20 cases without ACI, including 1 case of T1a and 1 case of T2. One case underwent elective neck dissection, and another one received salvage total laryngectomy.Compared to the patients without ACI, it seemed that the cases with ACI always accomponied with a little higher initial local recurrence and lower overall laryngealpreservation, but the difference had no significance (P>0.05). Conclusions: Transoral radiofrequency ablation microsurgery is an effective treatment for glottic carcinoma with ACI. Its advantages, such as more flexibility and deformability, make it more feasible to operate at the narrow space of anterior commissure assisted with laryngeal endoscopy.Good oncologic outcomes can be obtained by this technique with lower initial local recurrence as well as higher overall laryngeal preservation rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Z Yang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, First Affiliated Hospital to the People Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China
| | - C Y Zhou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, First Affiliated Hospital to the People Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China
| | - F Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, First Affiliated Hospital to the People Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China
| | - B C Sun
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, First Affiliated Hospital to the People Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Z L Han
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, First Affiliated Hospital to the People Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Y Shen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, First Affiliated Hospital to the People Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China
| | - J H Han
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, First Affiliated Hospital to the People Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China
| | - H J Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, First Affiliated Hospital to the People Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China
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Sun BC, Wang F, Yang SZ, Han ZL, Han JH, Shen Y, Yan QH, Zhou CY. [Complications analysis of adenoidectomy and tonsillectomy assisted with ablation on children]. Lin Chung Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2017; 31:1720-1723. [PMID: 29798183 DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.1001-1781.2017.22.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective:To analyze the complications of adenotonsilectomy assisted with coblation in children. Method:Complications of 2 089 cases of children with adenoid and tonsil surgery assisted with coblation, in our hospital nearly 10 years, were analyzed by epidemiological methods through the method of retrospective analysis. Result:①the sex ratio of male to female was 2.08:1, average age (5.87±3.12) years old, and most of 2 089 cases 76.35% (1 595/2 089) were 3-7 years old; ②all cases underwent adenoidectomy. Different surgery methods of tonsil consisted of three groups as partial resection associated with ablation was 69.17% (1 445/2 089), ablation (channeling) alone was 22.26% (465/2 089) and total resection was 8.57% (179/208). The amount of bleeding in operation was (8.52±3.18)ml, average operation time was (30.15±8.26) minutes, the postoperative pain score was (3.77±1.61); ③The incidence of postoperative complications: postoperative bleeding (all were secondary bleeding cases) rate was 0.24% (5/2 089), recurrence rate was 0.14% (3/2 089), prevertebral lymphadenitis was 0.96% (20/2 089), the other was 0.29% (torus hyperplasia in 2 cases, dyspnea in 2 cases, 1 cases of angle of mouth burned, nasopharyngeal adhesion in 1 cases). Postoperative fever rate was 9.81% (205/2 089). Conclusion:coblation technique is a good method for the treatment of children's adenoids and tonsil diseases with high efficiency and low complications. But improving the operation procedure proficiency level and skills of operation is an important link to reduce complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- B C Sun
- Department of Otolaryngology, the First Affiliated Hospital of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - F Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, the First Affiliated Hospital of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - S Z Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology, the First Affiliated Hospital of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Z L Han
- Department of Otolaryngology, the First Affiliated Hospital of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - J H Han
- Department of Otolaryngology, the First Affiliated Hospital of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Y Shen
- Department of Otolaryngology, the First Affiliated Hospital of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Q H Yan
- Department of Otolaryngology, the First Affiliated Hospital of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - C Y Zhou
- Department of Otolaryngology, the First Affiliated Hospital of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, China
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Han JH, Lei J, Liu MQ, Fu KY. [The images of osteoarthrosis associated with anterior disc displacement without reduction detected by cone-beam CT]. Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2017; 52:22-26. [PMID: 28072990 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1002-0098.2017.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the radiological characteristics of the condylar bone in patients with anterior disc displacement without reduction of temporomandibular joint using cone-beam CT (CBCT), and to further investigate the clinical factors possibly associated with the early-stage osteoarthritic changes. Methods: Two hundred and four individuals (≤30 years old) diagnosed as unilateral anterior disc displacement without reduction (disease duration≤1 year) were recruited. CBCT images of bilateral condyles were independently evaluated by two assessors and documented. Correlation between the early-stage osteoarthritic (OA) changes and gender, age, disease duration and mouth opening were analyzed using SPSS 21.0 software. Results: About sixty percent were presented with OA changes in the symptomatic joints, and most of them (47.1%) (96/204) were early-stage OA changes characterized by loss of continuity of articular cortex (Ⅰ) and/or surface erosion (Ⅱ). Logistics regression analyses indicated that disease duration (P =0.000) and mouth opening (P =0.002) were correlated significantly with early-stage OA changes. Conclusions: Disc displacement without reduction was closely related to OA occurrence. OA changes occurred in more than half of the patients after one month of the joint locked and more possibly in patients with increased mouth opening.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Han
- Center for TMD and Orofacial Pain, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - J Lei
- Center for TMD and Orofacial Pain, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - M Q Liu
- Center for TMD and Orofacial Pain, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - K Y Fu
- Center for TMD and Orofacial Pain, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
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Jeong EG, Kwon S, Han JH, Im HG, Bae BS, Choi KC. A mechanically enhanced hybrid nano-stratified barrier with a defect suppression mechanism for highly reliable flexible OLEDs. Nanoscale 2017; 9:6370-6379. [PMID: 28451680 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr01166k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the mechanical behaviors of encapsulation barriers under bending stress is important when fabricating flexible organic light-emitting diodes (FOLEDs). The enhanced mechanical characteristics of a nano-stratified barrier were analyzed based on a defect suppression mechanism, and then experimentally demonstrated. Following the Griffith model, naturally-occurring cracks, which were caused by Zn etching at the interface of the nano-stratified structure, can curb the propagation of defects. Cross-section images after bending tests provided remarkable evidence to support the existence of a defect suppression mechanism. Many visible cracks were found in a single Al2O3 layer, but not in the nano-stratified structure, due to the mechanism. The nano-stratified structure also enhanced the barrier's physical properties by changing the crystalline phase of ZnO. In addition, experimental results demonstrated the effect of the mechanism in various ways. The nano-stratified barrier maintained a low water vapor transmission rate after 1000 iterations of a 1 cm bending radius test. Using this mechanically enhanced hybrid nano-stratified barrier, FOLEDs were successfully encapsulated without losing mechanical or electrical performance. Finally, comparative lifetime measurements were conducted to determine reliability. After 2000 hours of constant current driving and 1000 iterations with a 1 cm bending radius, the FOLEDs retained 52.37% of their initial luminance, which is comparable to glass-lid encapsulation, with 55.96% retention. Herein, we report a mechanically enhanced encapsulation technology for FOLEDs using a nano-stratified structure with a defect suppression mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Gyo Jeong
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
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Han JH, Kim DH, Jeong EG, Lee TW, Lee MK, Park JW, Lee H, Choi KC. Highly Conductive Transparent and Flexible Electrodes Including Double-Stacked Thin Metal Films for Transparent Flexible Electronics. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2017; 9:16343-16350. [PMID: 28447446 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b04725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
To keep pace with the era of transparent and deformable electronics, electrode functions should be improved. In this paper, an innovative structure is suggested to overcome the trade-off between optical and electrical properties that commonly arises with transparent electrodes. The structure of double-stacked metal films showed high conductivity (<3 Ω/sq) and high transparency (∼90%) simultaneously. A proper space between two metal films led to high transmittance by an optical phenomenon. The principle of parallel connection allowed the electrode to have high conductivity. In situ fabrication was possible because the only materials composing the electrode were silver and WO3, which can be deposited by thermal evaporation. The electrode was flexible enough to withstand 10 000 bending cycles with a 1 mm bending radius. Furthermore, a few μm scale patterning of the electrode was easily implemented by using photolithography, which is widely employed industrially for patterning. Flexible organic light-emitting diodes and a transparent flexible thin-film transistor were successfully fabricated with the proposed electrode. Various practical applications of this electrode to new transparent flexible electronics are expected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Hee Han
- School of Electrical Engineering, The Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology , Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Do-Hong Kim
- School of Electrical Engineering, The Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology , Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Gyo Jeong
- School of Electrical Engineering, The Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology , Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Woo Lee
- School of Electrical Engineering, The Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology , Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Keun Lee
- School of Electrical Engineering, The Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology , Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Woo Park
- School of Electrical Engineering, The Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology , Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoseung Lee
- School of Electrical Engineering, The Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology , Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Cheol Choi
- School of Electrical Engineering, The Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology , Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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Li HZ, Jia HX, Liang D, Deng TT, Niu LT, Han JH. [Study on the contribution rate of follow-up formula to the nutrient intake of infants and young children aged 7-24 months in China]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2017; 51:65-69. [PMID: 28056273 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-9624.2017.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To determine the contribution of follow-up formula (FUF) to the nutrient intake of 7-24-month-old infants and young children. Methods: The cluster random sampling method and the convenience sampling method were used in combination, and geographic and economic factors were taken into consideration. Four areas of China (Beijing, Hebei, Guangxi, Guangdong) were selected, with 120 infants chosen from each of these areas (half of which were 7-12 months old, and half were 13-24 months old). A dietary survey was completed by a continuous 24-hour weighing method over two days. Questionnaires were completed by their caregivers which included weighing the FUF and supplementary food given to the infant, and recording the frequency of breast feeding and any supplementary nutrients. A total of 518 questionnaires were distributed, and 472 questionnaires qualified for inclusion. Nutrient intake was calculated using the China food composition, infant formula food nutrient content and infant nutrition supplement brand-label information databases, and then the nutrient intake proportion (the percentage of estimated energy requirement (EER%), recommended nutrient intake (RNI%) or adequate intake (AI%)), and the contribution rate of FUF were analyzed. Results: A total of 472 infants were investigated (227 infants aged 7-12 months old, 245 infants aged 13-24 months old). The findings revealed that the median energy intake of 7- 12-month-old and 13- 24-month-old infants were 2 530.08 kJ and 3 445.48 kJ, respectively, which accounted for 85.18% and 94.14% of EER, respectively; and the median intake of protein reached 91.50% and 105.88% of their RNI/AI, respectively. For micronutrients, the median intake of vitamin B1, vitamin B2, niacin, vitamin E, potassium, zinc and manganese in 7- 12-month-old infants and vitamin B2, vitamin E, potassium, magnesium, iron and manganese in 13-24-month-old children accounted for 82.00% and 114.29% of RNI/AI (RNI%/AI%), respectively. The intake of vitamin B6, iron and selenium in 7-12-month-old infants and vitamin B1, vitamin B6, vitamin C, calcium and selenium in 13-24-month-old children was less than 80% RNI/AI. Furthermore, some nutrients showed higher intake levels, such as vitamin A, calcium, phosphorus and magnesium in 7-12-month-old infants and vitamin A and phosphorus in 13-24-month-old children, which were higher than 130% RNI/AI. In total, 40.53% (92) of infants aged 7-12 months and 52.65% (129) of children aged 13- 24 months were fed FUF as part of their diet, and its contribution rate to macronutrients was 29.69% for carbohydrates and 51.77% for fats, and to micronutrients was 2.04% for manganese and 74.24% for vitamin C. Conclusion: FUF contributes to the nutrient intake of infants and young children aged from 7-24 months old at different rates depending on the macronutrient or micronutrient analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Z Li
- Standard Research Center, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100022, China
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Zhou CY, Han JH, Sun BC, Chen MM, Dai ZY, Shen Y, Wang F, Han ZL, Yang SZ, Wang T, Yang QH. [Photodynamic therapy by topical drup for the treatment of juvenile onset laryngeal papillomatosis]. Lin Chung Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2016; 30:1918-1920. [PMID: 29798264 DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.1001-1781.2016.24.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective:To observe the therapeutic effect of photodynamic therapy(PDT) on the treatment of juvenile onset laryngeal papillomatosis. Method:Twenty-eight cases of children with laryngeal papilloma were treated,only 2 cases for the first time, and the rest were repeatedly treated outside our hospital, the average hospital surgery were more than 4 times. Under self retaining laryngoscope and microscope and endoscope assisted by semiconductor laser and plasma and cold instrument method,visible tumor resection and local affixed deposited 20% 5-aminolevulinic acid(photosensitizer) 3 hours later, with 635 nm semiconductor laser photodynamic,200-280 mW and can volume density of 80 to 120 J/cm², 20 min irradiation. PDT should be repeated after 25 days until no visible tumor.Then,2 times PDT must be done. Result:In 28 cases, 24 cases were followed up for more than 1 years(12 cases were followed up for 3 years),19 had no recurrence, the cure rate was 79.2%(19/24);5 cases recurrence, and the recurrence rate was 20.8%(5/24),among them,2 cases were abandoned because of the relapse,the other 3 cases were cure after 3 times of PDT.The main complications were adhesion of larynx. Conclusion:The preliminary effect of PDT by topical drug for the treatment of juvenile onset laryngeal papillomatosis is encouraging. The principle of PDT and the principle of the recurrence of laryngeal papilloma in children were also introduced in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Y Zhou
- Department of Otolaryngology, the First Affiliated Hospital of PLA General Hospital, Beijing
| | - J H Han
- Department of Otolaryngology, the First Affiliated Hospital of PLA General Hospital, Beijing
| | - B C Sun
- Department of Otolaryngology, the First Affiliated Hospital of PLA General Hospital, Beijing
| | - M M Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology, the First Affiliated Hospital of PLA General Hospital, Beijing
| | - Z Y Dai
- Department of Otolaryngology, the First Affiliated Hospital of PLA General Hospital, Beijing
| | - Y Shen
- Department of Otolaryngology, the First Affiliated Hospital of PLA General Hospital, Beijing
| | - F Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, the First Affiliated Hospital of PLA General Hospital, Beijing
| | - Z L Han
- Department of Otolaryngology, the First Affiliated Hospital of PLA General Hospital, Beijing
| | - S Z Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology, the First Affiliated Hospital of PLA General Hospital, Beijing
| | - T Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, the First Affiliated Hospital of PLA General Hospital, Beijing
| | - Q H Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology, the First Affiliated Hospital of PLA General Hospital, Beijing
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Hong YM, Yoon KT, Heo J, Woo HY, Lim W, An DS, Han JH, Cho M. The Prescription Pattern of Acetaminophen and Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis. J Korean Med Sci 2016; 31:1604-10. [PMID: 27550489 PMCID: PMC4999403 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2016.31.10.1604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Analgesics, known to be hepatotoxic drugs, are frequently prescribed to patients with liver cirrhosis who are prone to drug-induced liver injury. No guidelines are available regarding the prescription of analgesics in these patients. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the prescription pattern of most frequently used analgesics in patients with cirrhosis. We assessed the prescription pattern of acetaminophen and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in patients with liver cirrhosis registered in Health Insurance Review Assessment Service database between January 1, 2012 and December 31, 2012. A total of 125,505 patients with liver cirrhosis were registered from January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2012. Of that group, 50,798 (40.5%) patients claimed reimbursement for at least one prescription for acetaminophen or NSAIDs during the one year follow-up period. Overall, NSAIDs (82.7%) were more prescribed than acetaminophen (64.5%). NSAIDs were more prescribed than acetaminophen even in decompensated cirrhosis compared with compensated cirrhosis (71.5% vs. 68.8%, P value < 0.001). There was a marked difference in prescription preference between acetaminophen and NSAIDs among physicians. Internists more frequently prescribed acetaminophen than NSAIDs compared to other physicians (50.9% vs. 76.2%, P < 0.001). Gastroenterologists more frequently prescribed acetaminophen over NSAIDs compared to other internists (80.9% vs. 51.2%, P < 0.001). Analgesics were prescribed in 40.5% of patients with cirrhosis. NSAIDs were more frequently prescribed although they should be avoided. The prescription pattern of analgesics were different significantly among physicians in patients with liver cirrhosis. The harmful effects of NSAIDs in patients with cirrhosis should be reminded to all physicians prescribing analgesics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Mi Hong
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine Pusan National University, Liver Center, Research Institute of Convergence for Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Ki Tae Yoon
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine Pusan National University, Liver Center, Research Institute of Convergence for Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Jeong Heo
- Digestive Disease Center, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Hyun Young Woo
- Digestive Disease Center, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Won Lim
- Digestive Disease Center, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Dae Seong An
- Research and Statistical Support, Research Institute of Convergence for Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Jun Hee Han
- Research and Statistical Support, Research Institute of Convergence for Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Mong Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine Pusan National University, Liver Center, Research Institute of Convergence for Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea.
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Han JH, Kim DY, Kim D, Choi KC. Highly conductive and flexible color filter electrode using multilayer film structure. Sci Rep 2016; 6:29341. [PMID: 27373804 PMCID: PMC4931689 DOI: 10.1038/srep29341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
In this paper, a high performance flexible component that serves as a color filter and an electrode simultaneously is suggested. The suggested highly conductive and flexible color filter electrode (CFE) has a multilayer film structure composed of silver (Ag) and tungsten trioxide (WO3). The CFE maintained its color filtering capability even when the films were bent on a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film. Low sheet resistance of the CFE was obtained using WO3 as a bridge layer that connects two Ag layers electrically. The sheet resistance was less than 2 Ω/sq. and it was negligibly changed after bending the film, confirming the flexibility of the CFE. The CFE can be easily fabricated using a thermal evaporator and is easily patterned by photolithography or a shadow mask. The proposed CFE has enormous potential for applications involving optical devices including large area devices and flexible devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Hee Han
- School of Electrical Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Young Kim
- School of Electrical Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Dohong Kim
- School of Electrical Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Cheol Choi
- School of Electrical Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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Choi WS, Patel D, Han JH. Effects of pH and Salts on Physical and Mechanical Properties of Pea Starch Films. J Food Sci 2016; 81:E1716-25. [PMID: 27243801 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.13342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Revised: 04/16/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2023]
Abstract
To identify the significant contribution of intermolecular hydrogen bonds of starch molecules to the film structure formation, pH of film-forming solutions was adjusted and also various salts (NaCl, CaCl2 , CaSO4 , and K2 SO4 ) were mixed into the glycerol-plasticized pea starch film. The film made from pH 7 possessed the highest tensile strength-at-break (2 times) and elastic modulus (4 to 15 times) and the lowest elongation-at-break compared with those of the films made from acid and alkali environments. The pH 7 film also has the highest film density and the lowest total soluble matter. At the level of 0.01 to 0.1 M of CaSO4 and 0.1 M of K2 SO4 in a kilogram of starch, the water solubility of the film increased, while chloride salts slightly lowered the solubility. NaCl and CaSO4 reduced water vapor permeability (WVP), while CaCl2 slightly increased WVP at 0.01 and 0.06 M concentrations, and K2 SO4 significantly increased WVP at 0.03 and 0.15 M. Presence of salts increased tensile strength (5 to 14 times than the control films) and elastic modulus (35 to 180 times) of starch film at 0.01 to 0.03 M of CaSO4 and K2 SO4 . Elongation-at-break increased significantly as salt concentration increases to an optimal level. However, when the concentration exceeded above the optimal level, the E of starch films decreased and showed no significant difference from the control film. Overall, the addition of salts modified physical and mechanical properties of pea starch films more than pH adjustment without any salt addition.
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Affiliation(s)
- W S Choi
- Dept. of Food Science & Technology, Korea National Univ. of Transportation, 61 Daehak-ro, Jeungpyeong-gun, Chungbuk, 368-701, S. Korea
| | - D Patel
- Dept. of Food Science, Univ. of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - J H Han
- Dept. of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Univ. of Illinois at Urbana/Champaign, Urbana, Ill., 61801, U.S.A
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Lee CY, Kim SJ, Park BC, Han JH. Effects of dietary supplementation of bacteriophages against enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) K88 on clinical symptoms of post-weaning pigs challenged with the ETEC pathogen. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2016; 101:88-95. [PMID: 27271838 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.12513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The present study was performed to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation of bacteriophages (phages) against enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) K88 as a therapy against the ETEC infection in post-weaning pigs. Two groups of post-weaning pigs aged 35 days, eight animals per group, were challenged with 3.0 × 1010 colony forming units of ETEC K88, a third group given the vehicle. The unchallenged group and one challenged group were fed a basal nursery diet for 14 days while the remaining challenged group was fed the basal diet supplemented with 1.0 × 107 plaque forming units of the phage per kg. Average daily gain (ADG), goblet cell density and villous height:crypt depth (VH:CD) ratio in the intestine were less in the challenged group than in the unchallenged group within the animals fed the basal diet (p < 0.05); the reverse was true for rectal temperature, faecal consistency score (FCS), E. coli adhesion score (EAS) in the intestine, serum interleukin-8 (IL-8) and tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) concentrations and digesta pH in the stomach, caecum and colon. The ETEC infection symptom within the challenged animals was alleviated by the dietary phage supplementation (p < 0.05) in ADG, FCS, EAS in the jejunum, serum TNF-α concentration, digesta pH in the colon, goblet cell density in the ileum and colon and VH:CD ratio in the ileum. Moreover, the infection symptom tended to be alleviated (p < 0.10) by the phage supplementation in rectal temperature, EAS in the ileum and caecum, and VH:CD ratio in the duodenum and jejunum. However, EAS in the colon, digesta pH in the stomach and caecum, and goblet cell density in the jejunum did not change due to the dietary phage. Overall, results indicate that the phage therapy is effective for alleviation of acute ETEC K88 infection in post-weaning pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Y Lee
- Regional Animal Industry Center, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju, Korea
| | - S J Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Veterinary Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - B C Park
- Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang, Korea
| | - J H Han
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Veterinary Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
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Zhou CY, Sun BC, Wang F, Yang SZ, Han ZL, Han JH, Shen Y, Wang T, Yan QH. [Clinical effect analysis of adenoidectomy and tonsillectomy assisted with ablation on children]. Lin Chung Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2016; 30:863-866. [PMID: 29797929 DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.1001-1781.2016.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective:This study aims to explore the clinical effect of adenoidectomy and tonsillectomy assisted with ablation on children.Method:The investigation took the form of retrospective review of 2 089 cases of children applied with adenoidectomy and tonsillectomy assisted with ablation in our hospital in recent 10 years. We obtained data of these children with epidemiological methods based on analyzing the status of general information and operation selections, and then analyzing the scores of snoring and breath preoperation and postoperation.Result:①General information of 2 089 cases followed with: the ratio of male and female was 2.08∶1,the average onset age was(5.87±3.12)years old, mostly ranged from 3 to 7 years old, which consists of 76.35%(1595/2089)of the group.②Different surgery methods of tonsil consisted of three groups as: partial resection associate with ablation was 69.17%(1445/2089), ablation alone was 22.26%(465/2089) and partial resection alone was 8.57%(179/2089) of the group.③A high level scores of snoring and breath more frequently found in preoperative cases than in postoperative cases(P <0.01).There are no differentiation among the scores of above three groups(P >0.05).The postoperative effect evaluation were related to allergic rhinitis, recurrent of tonsillitis, obesity, circular occipital hyperplasia and nasopharyngeal adhesion.Conclusion:The results suggested that surgery assisted with ablation has its advantage in adenoidectomy and tonsillectomy. Individual therapy for different children will improve the curative effect and relieve the pain of operation, thus is worth a wide application.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Y Zhou
- Department of Otolaryngology, the First Affiliated Hospital of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - B C Sun
- Department of Otolaryngology, the First Affiliated Hospital of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - F Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, the First Affiliated Hospital of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - S Z Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology, the First Affiliated Hospital of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Z L Han
- Department of Otolaryngology, the First Affiliated Hospital of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - J H Han
- Department of Otolaryngology, the First Affiliated Hospital of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Y Shen
- Department of Otolaryngology, the First Affiliated Hospital of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - T Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, the First Affiliated Hospital of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Q H Yan
- Department of Otolaryngology, the First Affiliated Hospital of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, China
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Cho KI, Shin ES, Ann SH, Garg S, Her AY, Kim JS, Han JH, Jeong MH. Gender differences in risk factors and clinical outcomes in young patients with acute myocardial infarction. J Epidemiol Community Health 2016; 70:1057-1064. [PMID: 27146351 DOI: 10.1136/jech-2015-207023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are limited data on the influence of gender on risk factors and clinical outcomes in young patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). METHODS This prospective study stratified outcomes according to gender in patients of age ≤50 years with a diagnosis of AMI, and who were enrolled in the nationwide registry of the Korea Working Group of Myocardial Infarction. The end point was the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) defined as the composite of cardiac death, recurrent myocardial infarction (MI), and repeat revascularisation at 30 days and 1 year after admission. RESULTS The registry enrolled 30 001 patients with AMI, of whom 5200 met the study inclusion criteria; 4805 patients were male and 395 were female. Current smoking was significantly higher in men, while hypertension and diabetes mellitus were significantly more common in women. Women underwent less coronary revascularisation, and were less likely to be on optimal medical therapy compared with men despite having a higher Killip class at presentation and higher risk angiographic findings. Although women had higher rates of MACEs (3.8% vs 1.8%, p=0.018 at 30 days and 7.8% vs 4.7%, p=0.004 at 1-year follow-up) compared with men, female gender was not an independent predictor of MACEs after adjusting for propensity score. CONCLUSIONS There were significant gender differences in the risk factors for coronary artery disease and the short-term and long-term clinical outcomes of young patients with AMI. Continued preventive strategies should be focused on gender-different risk factor reduction in these young patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung Im Cho
- Department of Cardiology, Kosin University School of Medicine, Busan, South Korea
| | - Eun-Seok Shin
- Department of Cardiology, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, South Korea
| | - Soe Hee Ann
- Department of Cardiology, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, South Korea
| | - Scot Garg
- East Lancashire Hospitals NHS Trust, Blackburn, Lancashire, UK
| | - Ae-Young Her
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Jeong Su Kim
- Department of Cardiology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Jun Hee Han
- Division of Biostatistics, Research Institute of Convergence for Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Myung Ho Jeong
- The Heart Center of Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, South Korea
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Han JH, Kang YJ, Han W, Lee HB, Kim Y, Yoo TK, Moon HG, Noh DY. Abstract P5-08-23: Ki-67 expression is not a valuable predictive prognostic factor when progesterone receptor expression is high in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer. Cancer Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs15-p5-08-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Immunohistochemistry markers are recognized as a predictive prognostic factor for women with breast cancer. Ki-67 and progesterone receptor (PgR) expression are reported to be independently associated with breast cancer prognosis. Some studies report high Ki-67 expression as a negative predictive marker. Whereas other studies report tendency of similar survival between high and low Ki67 cancers when PgR expression is high. In this study, we examined the prognostic significance of Ki-67 expression under PgR expression status.
Methods
The records of 2,366 patients were retrospectively reviewed. The patients underwent surgery for primary breast cancer from July 2009 to December 2012 at a single institution. We studied the prognostic significance of Ki-67 expression under PgR expression. We used 20% and 10% as the cut-off value for PgR and Ki-67, respectively. The end point was recurrence-free survival (RFS) evaluated by use of Kaplan-Meier analysis.
Result
Of the 2,366 analyzed patients, the median follow-up time was 43 months. During follow-up, 44 patients had recurrence, loco-regional recurrence developed in 23 patients and distant recurrence developed in 21 patients. In patients with low PgR expression, high Ki-67 expression group showed significantly worse prognosis compared to low Ki-67 expression group (p=0.005). On the other hand, no significant difference was shown between low and high Ki-67 expression group when PgR expression was high (p=0.637). Also multivariate analysis demonstrated that high Ki-67 expression was an independent prognostic factor only when PgR expression was low. (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.35-10.48; p=0.011)
Conclusion
This is the largest reported study that prognostic significance of Ki-67 expression is defined by PgR expression. Our study presents that high Ki-67 expression is inversely correlated with recurrence risk in early breast cancer patients only under low PgR expression. At high PgR expression, Ki-67 expression has no influence on breast cancer prognosis. Therefore, attention should be paid to correlation between PgR and Ki-67 expression.
Citation Format: Han JH, Kang YJ, Han W, Lee H-B, Kim Y, Yoo T-K, Moon H-G, Noh D-Y. Ki-67 expression is not a valuable predictive prognostic factor when progesterone receptor expression is high in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2015 Dec 8-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-08-23.
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Affiliation(s)
- JH Han
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea, Korea; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea, Korea
| | - YJ Kang
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea, Korea; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea, Korea
| | - W Han
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea, Korea; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea, Korea
| | - H-B Lee
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea, Korea; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea, Korea
| | - Y Kim
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea, Korea; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea, Korea
| | - T-K Yoo
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea, Korea; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea, Korea
| | - H-G Moon
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea, Korea; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea, Korea
| | - D-Y Noh
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea, Korea; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea, Korea
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Lee HB, Han W, Ko S, Kim MS, Lim S, Lee KM, Kang YJ, Han JH, Kim Y, Yoo TK, Moon HG, Noh DY, Kim S, Han W. Abstract P6-04-02: Identification of ESR1 splice variants associated with prognosis in estrogen receptor positive breast cancer. Cancer Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs15-p6-04-02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Splice variants play a major role in carcinogenesis and disease progression. It is well known that androgen receptor splice variants are associated with resistance to prostate cancer treatment. Estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancers constitute about 70% of all breast cancers and have better prognosis compared to ER-negative cancers. However, there are ER-positive breast cancers that acquire resistance to anti-estrogen therapy, and 12-55% of those tumors were shown to possess ESR1 mutations. The aim of this study was to identify common splice variants in the ESR1 gene and investigate their association with disease outcome.
Methods: Whole transcriptome sequencing was performed on breast cancer specimens from 120 invasive breast cancer patients who underwent operation at Seoul National University Hospital (SNUH) and data from SNUH, GEO, and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) was used for normal breast tissue sequencing. Exon-exon junctions were identified on aligned RNA sequencing data and was used to construct exon graphs. Splice variant candidates were selected from exon graphs and were merged according to variant subtypes of samples. Subtypes were accessed differentially in relation to how frequent the junctions appear in tumor samples and common exon skipping types with frequent junctions were identified. TCGA RNA sequencing data was then used to search for the common exon skipping subtypes detected from SNUH RNA sequencing data.
Results: Of the 120 tumor samples, 50 were clinically ER-positive by immunohistochemistry. Among exon paths logically possible, 125 paths were not observed in normal breast tissues. Exon 4-5 junction was the most commonly observed junction in the tumor samples. In a search for exon skipping type that results in missing ligand-binding domain of ER, three exon skipping types were identified. Exon skipping with exon 5-10 junction (type 1), exon 9-12 junction (type 2), and exon 10-12 (type 3) was seen in 4 (8%), 4 (8%), and 10 (20%) ER-positive samples, respectively. Retrospective medical chart review of the 18 patients showed recurrence in 4 (100%), 2 (50%), and 4 (40%) patients with type 1, 2, and 3 exon skipping, respectively. Evaluation of TCGA RNA sequencing data of 872 ER-positive samples suggested exon 4-5 junction as the most common junction. A search for exon skipping types in TCGA revealed 1 (0.1%), 9 (1.0%), and 454 (52.1%) samples with type 1, 2, and 3 exon skipping, respectively. However, none of the patients with type 1 or 2 had metastasis or had expired. Of the 454 patients with type 3 exon skipping, 54 patients had died, constituting 61.4% of 88 mortalities in the whole ER-positive population.
Conclusion: Certain splice variants of ESR1 gene yields exon skipping subtypes commonly observed in the ER-positive breast cancer. Estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer with these exon skipping types resulting in a missing ligand-binding domain of ER may be associated with poorer disease outcome. Further investigation is warranted to validate the role of ESR1 exon skipping subtypes in the disease progression of breast cancer.
Citation Format: Lee H-B, Han W, Ko S, Kim M-S, Lim S, Lee K-M, Kang YJ, Han JH, Kim Y, Yoo T-K, Moon H-G, Noh D-Y, Kim S, Han W. Identification of ESR1 splice variants associated with prognosis in estrogen receptor positive breast cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2015 Dec 8-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P6-04-02.
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Affiliation(s)
- H-B Lee
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Bioinformatics Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, and Bioinformatics Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - W Han
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Bioinformatics Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, and Bioinformatics Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S Ko
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Bioinformatics Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, and Bioinformatics Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - M-S Kim
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Bioinformatics Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, and Bioinformatics Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S Lim
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Bioinformatics Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, and Bioinformatics Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - K-M Lee
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Bioinformatics Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, and Bioinformatics Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - YJ Kang
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Bioinformatics Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, and Bioinformatics Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - JH Han
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Bioinformatics Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, and Bioinformatics Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y Kim
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Bioinformatics Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, and Bioinformatics Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - T-K Yoo
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Bioinformatics Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, and Bioinformatics Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H-G Moon
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Bioinformatics Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, and Bioinformatics Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - D-Y Noh
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Bioinformatics Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, and Bioinformatics Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S Kim
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Bioinformatics Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, and Bioinformatics Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - W Han
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Bioinformatics Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, and Bioinformatics Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Lee HB, Jeon S, Kim BC, Jho S, Kim J, Kang YJ, Yoo TK, Han JH, Kim Y, Im SA, Moon HG, Noh DY, Han W. Abstract P2-02-15: Discovery of putative circulating tumor cells through somatic mutation profile of epithelial cell adhesion molecule positive single cells from blood of metastatic breast cancer patients. Cancer Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs15-p2-02-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Circulating tumor cell (CTC) enumeration provides prognostic information for chemotherapy in metastatic breast cancer. However, due to its rarity and heterogeneity, it is difficult to distinguish true CTCs from normal blood cells and perform genomic analysis on them for use in therapeutic strategies. The main application of most currently available CTC detection systems consists of an enumeration of putative CTCs without further analysis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of single cell picking and target sequencing of epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM)-positive cells for detecting CTCs.
Methods: Whole blood sampled from metastatic breast cancer patients who were newly diagnosed with metastasis or who had disease progression during palliative treatment were used for this study. After applying IsoFlux Circulating Tumor Cell Enrichment Kit (Fluxion, South San Francisco, CA, USA), single CTC candidates were picked from a pool of EpCAM-positive cells. Genomic DNA from the picked cells was whole genome amplified and target sequencing was performed using Ion AmpliSeq™ Cancer Hotspot Panel (Life Technologies, Carlsbad, CA, USA). Target sequencing reads were mapped to human genome reference (hg19) using BWA-MEM (0.7.10). Single nucleotide variants (SNVs) were annotated using dbSNP, Variome Data 0.2, and COSMIC databases.
Results: A total of 172 EpCAM-positive cells were selected according to size and EpCAM status from whole blood of 11 patients. The remaining cells were grouped into a pooled sample for each patient. The mean read depth of the target genes was 13455×. A mean 7.82 mutations as determined by SNVs listed in the COSMIC database but not in dbSNP and Variome Data 0.2 were detected in each patient. Cells with multiple mutated genes, or those with a mutated gene repeatedly observed in another cell from the same patient were judged to be putative CTCs. At least 2 putative CTCs were detected in 7 patients while no CTCs were detected in 2 patients. Mutated genes observed in the putative CTCs were ABL1, AKT1, APC, CDH1, CDKN2A, ERBB2, FGFR3, HRAS, IDH1, JAK2, KDR, NPM1, RB1, RET, SMARCB1, STK11, and TP53.
Conclusions: Potential CTCs were successfully identified by single cell picking and target sequencing of EpCAM-positive cells from whole blood of metastatic breast cancer patients. Unique mutations not detected in other single cells and pooled samples can be used to distinguish putative CTCs from normal cells. Genomic profiling of corresponding primary tumor and metastatic site biopsy is warranted to verify the CTCs and investigate their role in disease progression.
Citation Format: Lee H-B, Jeon S, Kim BC, Jho S, Kim J, Kang YJ, Yoo T-K, Han JH, Kim Y, Im S-A, Moon H-G, Noh D-Y, Han W. Discovery of putative circulating tumor cells through somatic mutation profile of epithelial cell adhesion molecule positive single cells from blood of metastatic breast cancer patients. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2015 Dec 8-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-02-15.
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Affiliation(s)
- H-B Lee
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; The Genomics Institute, UNIST, Ulsan, Republic of Korea; Personal Genomics Institute, Genome Research Foundation, Suwon, Republic of Korea; Borame Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S Jeon
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; The Genomics Institute, UNIST, Ulsan, Republic of Korea; Personal Genomics Institute, Genome Research Foundation, Suwon, Republic of Korea; Borame Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - BC Kim
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; The Genomics Institute, UNIST, Ulsan, Republic of Korea; Personal Genomics Institute, Genome Research Foundation, Suwon, Republic of Korea; Borame Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S Jho
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; The Genomics Institute, UNIST, Ulsan, Republic of Korea; Personal Genomics Institute, Genome Research Foundation, Suwon, Republic of Korea; Borame Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J Kim
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; The Genomics Institute, UNIST, Ulsan, Republic of Korea; Personal Genomics Institute, Genome Research Foundation, Suwon, Republic of Korea; Borame Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - YJ Kang
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; The Genomics Institute, UNIST, Ulsan, Republic of Korea; Personal Genomics Institute, Genome Research Foundation, Suwon, Republic of Korea; Borame Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - T-K Yoo
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; The Genomics Institute, UNIST, Ulsan, Republic of Korea; Personal Genomics Institute, Genome Research Foundation, Suwon, Republic of Korea; Borame Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - JH Han
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; The Genomics Institute, UNIST, Ulsan, Republic of Korea; Personal Genomics Institute, Genome Research Foundation, Suwon, Republic of Korea; Borame Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y Kim
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; The Genomics Institute, UNIST, Ulsan, Republic of Korea; Personal Genomics Institute, Genome Research Foundation, Suwon, Republic of Korea; Borame Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S-A Im
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; The Genomics Institute, UNIST, Ulsan, Republic of Korea; Personal Genomics Institute, Genome Research Foundation, Suwon, Republic of Korea; Borame Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H-G Moon
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; The Genomics Institute, UNIST, Ulsan, Republic of Korea; Personal Genomics Institute, Genome Research Foundation, Suwon, Republic of Korea; Borame Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - D-Y Noh
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; The Genomics Institute, UNIST, Ulsan, Republic of Korea; Personal Genomics Institute, Genome Research Foundation, Suwon, Republic of Korea; Borame Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - W Han
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; The Genomics Institute, UNIST, Ulsan, Republic of Korea; Personal Genomics Institute, Genome Research Foundation, Suwon, Republic of Korea; Borame Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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