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Starzer AM, Kleinberger M, Feldmann K, Tomasich E, Hatziioannou T, Paiato C, Heller G, Kreminger J, Traint S, Steindl A, Ressler JM, Widhalm G, Gatterbauer B, Dieckmann K, Müllauer L, Preusser M, Berghoff AS. OS03.5.A Characterization of the inflammatory tumor microenvironment composition in solid cancer patients with brain metastases after progression to immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy. Neuro Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noac174.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Immunotherapy (IO) has changed the treatment landscape of metastatic cancer patients, however, treatment resistance is frequent. We aimed to characterize the inflammatory tumor microenvironment in brain metastases (BM) after IO to gain a deeper understanding of immunologic escape mechanisms.
Material and Methods
Solid cancer patients who had BM resection after IO progression (IO cohort) were retrospectively identified. We analyzed tumor-infiltrating immune cell subsets (CD3, CD8, CD45RO, FOXP3) and expression of immune checkpoint molecules (PD-L1, PD-1, LAG-3) by immunohistochemistry. A control cohort of BM tissue samples without prior IO served for comparison (no immunotherapy cohort, NIO).
Results
Twenty-eight IO patients (12/28, 42.9% females; 16/28, 57.1% males; median 61 years; 14/28, 50% lung cancer; 5/28, 17.9% melanoma; 4/28, 14.3% renal cell carcinoma; 1/28, 3.6% breast cancer; 4/28, 14.3% other cancer entities) and 57 NIO patients (28/57, 49.1% females; 29/57, 50.9% males; median 58 years; 35/57, 61.4% lung cancer; 9/57, 15.8% breast cancer; 4/57, 7.0% melanoma; 3/57, 5.3% renal cell carcinoma; 6/57, 10.5% other cancer entities) were included. IO patients had a median of one (range 0-4) systemic therapy line prior to IO. Median time from last IO application until BM resection was 5.6 months (range 0.2-49.8 months). Patients received a median number of 7 (range 1-56) IO applications (14/28, 50% PD-1-targeting IO; 8/28, 28.6% PD-L1; 2/28, 7.1% CTLA4; 4/28, 14.3% CTLA4+PD-1; 3/28, 10.7% IO+chemotherapy). No statistically significant differences in the densities of investigated TILs or PD-L1 expression between the IO and the NIO cohort were observed. Patients of the IO cohort showed higher PD-L1 expression compared to the NIO cohort (57.1 vs. 42.1%, Chi-square, p>0.05). Overall survival (OS) was similar in both cohorts, with a median OS of 11.0 months (range 5.0-17.0) in the IO cohort and 11.0 months (range 5.5-16.5) in the NIO cohort.
Conclusion
Our findings show an upregulation of PD-L1 in BM occurring after prior IO therapy in the absence of other overt changes in the inflammatory microenvironment. Ongoing analyses in this cohort are investigating possible molecular driver of resistance by analyzing DNA methylation profiles of pre-and post-IO tissue samples of the IO cohort to potentially gain insights on inflammatory IO resistance mechanisms in BM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Starzer
- Medical University of Vienna, Division of Oncology , Vienna , Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Personalized Immunotherapy , Vienna , Austria
| | - M Kleinberger
- Medical University of Vienna, Division of Oncology , Vienna , Austria
| | - K Feldmann
- Medical University of Vienna, Division of Oncology , Vienna , Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Personalized Immunotherapy , Vienna , Austria
| | - E Tomasich
- Medical University of Vienna, Division of Oncology , Vienna , Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Personalized Immunotherapy , Vienna , Austria
| | - T Hatziioannou
- Medical University of Vienna, Division of Oncology , Vienna , Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Personalized Immunotherapy , Vienna , Austria
| | - C Paiato
- Medical University of Vienna, Division of Oncology , Vienna , Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Personalized Immunotherapy , Vienna , Austria
| | - G Heller
- Medical University of Vienna, Division of Oncology , Vienna , Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Personalized Immunotherapy , Vienna , Austria
| | - J Kreminger
- Medical University of Vienna, Division of Oncology , Vienna , Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Personalized Immunotherapy , Vienna , Austria
| | - S Traint
- Medical University of Vienna, Division of Oncology , Vienna , Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Personalized Immunotherapy , Vienna , Austria
| | - A Steindl
- Medical University of Vienna, Division of Oncology , Vienna , Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Personalized Immunotherapy , Vienna , Austria
| | - J M Ressler
- Medical University of Vienna, Department of Dermatology , Vienna , Austria
| | - G Widhalm
- Medical University of Vienna, Department of Neurosurgery , Vienna , Austria
| | - B Gatterbauer
- Medical University of Vienna, Department of Neurosurgery , Vienna , Austria
| | - K Dieckmann
- Medical University of Vienna, Department of Radiotherapy , Vienna , Austria
| | - L Müllauer
- Medical University of Vienna, Department of Pathology , Vienna , Austria
| | - M Preusser
- Medical University of Vienna, Division of Oncology , Vienna , Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Personalized Immunotherapy , Vienna , Austria
| | - A S Berghoff
- Medical University of Vienna, Division of Oncology , Vienna , Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Personalized Immunotherapy , Vienna , Austria
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Starzer A, Kleinberger M, Feldmann K, Kreminger J, Traint S, Steindl A, Widhalm G, Gatterbauer B, Dieckmann K, Preusser M, Berghoff A. 369P Characterization of the inflammatory tumor microenvironment composition in brain metastases after failure of immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy. Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.08.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Steindl A, Feldmann K, Hatziioannou T, Kleinberger M, Dieckmann K, Widhalm G, Gatterbauer B, Hainfellner J, Preusser M, Berghoff A. 345MO Treatment associated changes in the inflammatory microenvironment composition of brain metastases. Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Kohlmorgen C, Gerfer S, Feldmann K, Twarock S, Hartwig S, Lehr S, Klier M, Krüger I, Helten C, Keul P, Kahl S, Polzin A, Elvers M, Flögel U, Kelm M, Levkau B, Roden M, Fischer JW, Grandoch M. Dapagliflozin reduces thrombin generation and platelet activation: implications for cardiovascular risk reduction in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetologia 2021; 64:1834-1849. [PMID: 34131781 PMCID: PMC8245397 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-021-05498-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS People with diabetes have an increased cardiovascular risk with an accelerated development of atherosclerosis and an elevated mortality rate after myocardial infarction. Therefore, cardioprotective effects of glucose-lowering therapies are of major importance for the pharmacotherapy of individuals with type 2 diabetes. For sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is), in addition to a reduction in blood glucose, beneficial effects on atherosclerosis, obesity, renal function and blood pressure have been observed. Recent results showed a reduced risk of worsening heart failure and cardiovascular deaths under dapagliflozin treatment irrespective of the diabetic state. However, the underlying mechanisms are yet unknown. Platelets are known drivers of atherosclerosis and atherothrombosis and disturbed platelet activation has also been suggested to occur in type 2 diabetes. Therefore, the present study investigates the impact of the SGLT2i dapagliflozin on the interplay between platelets and inflammation in atherogenesis. METHODS Male, 8-week-old LDL-receptor-deficient (Ldlr-/-) mice received a high-fat, high-sucrose diabetogenic diet supplemented without (control) or with dapagliflozin (5 mg/kg body weight per day) for two time periods: 8 and 25 weeks. In a first translational approach, eight healthy volunteers received 10 mg dapagliflozin/day for 4 weeks. RESULTS Dapagliflozin treatment ameliorated atherosclerotic lesion development, reduced circulating platelet-leucocyte aggregates (glycoprotein [GP]Ib+CD45+: 29.40 ± 5.94 vs 17.00 ± 5.69 cells, p < 0.01; GPIb+lymphocyte antigen 6 complex, locus G+ (Ly6G): 8.00 ± 2.45 vs 4.33 ± 1.75 cells, p < 0.05) and decreased aortic macrophage infiltration (1.31 ± 0.62 vs 0.70 ± 0.58 ×103 cells/aorta, p < 0.01). Deeper analysis revealed that dapagliflozin decreased activated CD62P-positive platelets in Ldlr-/- mice fed a diabetogenic diet (3.78 ± 1.20% vs 2.83 ± 1.06%, p < 0.01) without affecting bleeding time (85.29 ± 37.27 vs 89.25 ± 16.26 s, p = 0.78). While blood glucose was only moderately affected, dapagliflozin further reduced endogenous thrombin generation (581.4 ± 194.6 nmol/l × min) × 10-9 thrombin vs 254.1 ± 106.4 (nmol/l × min) × 10-9 thrombin), thereby decreasing one of the most important platelet activators. We observed a direct inhibitory effect of dapagliflozin on isolated platelets. In addition, dapagliflozin increased HDL-cholesterol levels. Importantly, higher HDL-cholesterol levels (1.70 ± 0.58 vs 3.15 ± 1.67 mmol/l, p < 0.01) likely contribute to dapagliflozin-mediated inhibition of platelet activation and thrombin generation. Accordingly, in line with the results in mice, treatment with dapagliflozin lowered CD62P-positive platelet counts in humans after stimulation by collagen-related peptide (CRP; 88.13 ± 5.37% of platelets vs 77.59 ± 10.70%, p < 0.05) or thrombin receptor activator peptide-6 (TRAP-6; 44.23 ± 15.54% vs 28.96 ± 11.41%, p < 0.01) without affecting haemostasis. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION We demonstrate that dapagliflozin-mediated atheroprotection in mice is driven by elevated HDL-cholesterol and ameliorated thrombin-platelet-mediated inflammation without interfering with haemostasis. This glucose-independent mechanism likely contributes to dapagliflozin's beneficial cardiovascular risk profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Kohlmorgen
- Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital of Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID), Medical Faculty and University Hospital of Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Stephen Gerfer
- Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital of Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID), Medical Faculty and University Hospital of Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart Center, University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Kathrin Feldmann
- Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital of Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID), Medical Faculty and University Hospital of Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sören Twarock
- Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital of Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID), Medical Faculty and University Hospital of Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sonja Hartwig
- Institute for Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at the Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Lehr
- Institute for Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at the Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Meike Klier
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Experimental Vascular Medicine, Heinrich-Heine University Medical Center, Medical Faculty and University Hospital of Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Irena Krüger
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Experimental Vascular Medicine, Heinrich-Heine University Medical Center, Medical Faculty and University Hospital of Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Carolin Helten
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID), Medical Faculty and University Hospital of Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine Medical Faculty, University Hospital of Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Petra Keul
- Institute for Molecular Medicine III and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sabine Kahl
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Amin Polzin
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID), Medical Faculty and University Hospital of Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine Medical Faculty, University Hospital of Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Margitta Elvers
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Experimental Vascular Medicine, Heinrich-Heine University Medical Center, Medical Faculty and University Hospital of Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ulrich Flögel
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID), Medical Faculty and University Hospital of Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine Medical Faculty, University Hospital of Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Experimental Cardiovascular Imaging, Institute of Molecular Cardiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital of Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Malte Kelm
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID), Medical Faculty and University Hospital of Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine Medical Faculty, University Hospital of Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Bodo Levkau
- Institute for Molecular Medicine III and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Michael Roden
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital of Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jens W Fischer
- Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital of Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID), Medical Faculty and University Hospital of Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Maria Grandoch
- Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital of Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID), Medical Faculty and University Hospital of Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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Mair M, Häller K, Kührer G, Feldmann K, Kiesel B, Wöhrer A, Widhalm G, Furtner-Srajer J, Preusser M, Berghoff A. 362O Perifocal edema volume correlates with density of tumour-infiltrating cytotoxic T cells in newly diagnosed glioblastoma. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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Al-Kassou B, Shamekhi J, Feldmann K, Germeroth J, Gillrath J, Weber M, Sedaghat A, Grube E, Nickenig G, Werner N, Sinning JM. P3723Impact of frailty status on 30-day mortality in patients with valvular heart disease undergoing percutaneous transcatheter valve interventions. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz745.0577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Transcatheter strategies to treat valvular heart disease (VHD) are an established therapeutic option in elderly patients, not suitable for open heart surgery. The current ESC guidelines recommend the STS score and EuroSCORE II as tools for risk stratification. However, these surgical risk score do not consider important risk factors such as frailty, cognitive and nutritional status of the patients.
Aims
The aim of this study was to assess the frailty status in patients with severe VHD evaluated for transcatheter treatment strategies and to investigate the impact on mortality of these patients.
Methods and results
Our study cohort consisted of 456 consecutive patients (mean age 79±7.9 years, median STS-score 3.15 and EuroSCORE II 3.65) who were evaluated for percutaneous treatment of severe aortic valve stenosis (n=311), mitral valve regurgitation (n=100), and tricuspid valve regurgitation (n=45) in 2018. The frailty status in these patients was assessed using the Katz Index of Independence in Activities of Daily Living, the Lawton Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale, the five times chair rise, and the Score for assessment of frailty phenotype. The Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) and the Controlling Nutritional Status score were used for the assessment of the nutritional status of the cohort.
Assessment by the score for frailty phenotype showed that 220 (48.2%) cases were considered frail, 200 (37.3%) cases as prefrail, and only 36 (6.7%) patients considered robust. Regarding the MNA, 212 (46.5%) patients were at normal nutritional status, whereas 207 (45.4%) patients were at risk for malnutrition, and 37 (8.1%) patients were already malnourished.
The overall 30-day mortality rate was 3.1% (n=14). Multivariate analysis showed a significant association of 30-day mortality with baseline serum creatinine (1.2 mg/dl [IQR: 0.9–1.5 mg/dl] for survivors vs 1.6 mg/dl [IQR: 1.4–2.2 mg/dl] for non-survivors, p=0.14), high-sensitive cardiac troponin T (24.3 ng/l [IQR: 16.0–42.6 ng/l] for survivors vs 55.6 ng/l [IQR: 40.4–84.7 ng/l] for non-survivors, p=0.002), and the five chair rise test (p=0.005). Interestingly, there was no significant correlation of nutrition scores and frailty tests with 30-day mortality except for the five chair rise test. Linear regression analysis showed serum creatinine (p=0.04; OR: 1.4, CI: 1.0–1.8) and the five chair rise test (p=0.03; OR: 0.7, CI: 0.5–1) as independent predictors of the mortality.
Frailty Kaplan Meier Analysis
Conclusion
A comprehensive assessment of the clinical patient condition including frailty status is thought to be crucial for risk stratification and the decision-making process which treatment option a specific patient should undergo. However, in our study only the five chair rise test was found to be an independent predictor of 30-day mortality in patients with VHD undergoing percutaneous therapeutic options and seems to be an easy-to-assess test to assess the mortality risk of a specific patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Al-Kassou
- University Hospital Bonn, Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Pneumology, Bonn, Germany
| | - J Shamekhi
- University Hospital Bonn, Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Pneumology, Bonn, Germany
| | - K Feldmann
- University Hospital Bonn, Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Pneumology, Bonn, Germany
| | - J Germeroth
- University Hospital Bonn, Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Pneumology, Bonn, Germany
| | - J Gillrath
- University Hospital Bonn, Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Pneumology, Bonn, Germany
| | - M Weber
- University Hospital Bonn, Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Pneumology, Bonn, Germany
| | - A Sedaghat
- University Hospital Bonn, Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Pneumology, Bonn, Germany
| | - E Grube
- University Hospital Bonn, Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Pneumology, Bonn, Germany
| | - G Nickenig
- University Hospital Bonn, Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Pneumology, Bonn, Germany
| | - N Werner
- University Hospital Bonn, Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Pneumology, Bonn, Germany
| | - J.-M Sinning
- University Hospital Bonn, Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Pneumology, Bonn, Germany
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Grandoch M, Flögel U, Virtue S, Maier JK, Jelenik T, Kohlmorgen C, Feldmann K, Ostendorf Y, Castañeda TR, Zhou Z, Yamaguchi Y, Nascimento EB, Sunkari VG, Goy C, Kinzig M, Sörgel F, Bollyky PL, Schrauwen P, Al-Hasani H, Roden M, Keipert S, Vidal-Puig A, Jastroch M, Haendeler J, Fischer JW. 4-Methylumbelliferone improves the thermogenic capacity of brown adipose tissue. Nat Metab 2019; 1:546-559. [PMID: 31602424 PMCID: PMC6786893 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-019-0055-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Therapeutic increase of brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenesis is of great interest as BAT activation counteracts obesity and insulin resistance. Hyaluronan (HA) is a glycosaminoglycan, found in the extracellular matrix, which is synthesized by HA synthases (Has1/Has2/Has3) from sugar precursors and accumulates in diabetic conditions. Its synthesis can be inhibited by the small molecule 4-methylumbelliferone (4-MU). Here, we show that the inhibition of HA-synthesis by 4-MU or genetic deletion of Has2/Has3 improves BAT`s thermogenic capacity, reduces body weight gain, and improves glucose homeostasis independently from adrenergic stimulation in mice on diabetogenic diet, as shown by a magnetic resonance T2 mapping approach. Inhibition of HA synthesis increases glycolysis, BAT respiration and uncoupling protein 1 expression. In addition, we show that 4-MU increases BAT capacity without inducing chronic stimulation and propose that 4-MU, a clinically approved prescription-free drug, could be repurposed to treat obesity and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Grandoch
- Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- corresponding author: Dr. Maria Grandoch, Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany,
| | - Ulrich Flögel
- Experimental Cardiovascular Imaging, Molecular Cardiology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sam Virtue
- MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, Metabolic Research Laboratories, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Julia K. Maier
- Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Tomas Jelenik
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at the Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Christina Kohlmorgen
- Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Kathrin Feldmann
- Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Yanina Ostendorf
- Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Tamara R. Castañeda
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Medical Faculty, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at the Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Zhou Zhou
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Medical Faculty, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at the Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Yu Yamaguchi
- Human Genetics Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Emmani B.M. Nascimento
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, Maastricht Medical Centre, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, The Netherlands
| | - Vivekananda G. Sunkari
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Dept. of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Christine Goy
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Martina Kinzig
- Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research, Nürnberg-Heroldsberg, Germany
| | - Fritz Sörgel
- Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research, Nürnberg-Heroldsberg, Germany
| | - Paul L. Bollyky
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Dept. of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Patrick Schrauwen
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, Maastricht Medical Centre, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, The Netherlands
| | - Hadi Al-Hasani
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Medical Faculty, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at the Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Michael Roden
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at the Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Susanne Keipert
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, The Arrhenius Laboratories F3, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Antonio Vidal-Puig
- MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, Metabolic Research Laboratories, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- WT-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Martin Jastroch
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, The Arrhenius Laboratories F3, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Judith Haendeler
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Heisenberg Group - Environmentally-induced Cardiovascular Degeneration, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jens W. Fischer
- Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Jacobsen M, Repsilber D, Gutschmidt A, Neher A, Feldmann K, Mollenkopf HJ, Kaufmann SHE, Ziegler A. Deconfounding Microarray Analysis. Methods Inf Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1634118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Summary
Objectives:
Microarray analysis requires standardized specimens and evaluation procedures to achieve acceptable results. A major limitation of this method is caused by heterogeneity in the cellular composition of tissue specimens, which frequently confounds data analysis. We introduce a linear model to deconfound gene expression data from tissue heterogeneity for genes exclusively expressed by a single cell type.
Methods:
Gene expression data are deconfounded from tissue heterogeneity effects by analyzing them using an appropriate linear regression model. In our illustrating data set tissue heterogeneity is being measured using flow cytometry. Gene expression data are determined in parallel by real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and microarray analyses. Verification of deconfounding is enabled using protein quantification for the respective marker genes.
Results:
For our illustrating dataset, quantification of cell type proportions for peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from tuberculosis patients and controls revealed differences in B cell and monocyte proportions between both study groups, and thus heterogeneity for the tissue under investigation. Gene expression analyses reflected these differences in celltype distribution. Fitting an appropriate linear model allowed us to deconfound measured transcriptome levels from tissue heterogeneity effects. In the case of monocytes, additional differential expression on the single cell level could be proposed. Protein quantification verified these deconfounded results.
Conclusions:
Deconfounding of transcriptome analyses for cellular heterogeneity greatly improves interpretability, and hence the validity of transcriptome profiling results.
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10
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Homann S, Grandoch M, Kiene LS, Podsvyadek Y, Feldmann K, Rabausch B, Nagy N, Lehr S, Kretschmer I, Oberhuber A, Bollyky P, Fischer JW. Hyaluronan synthase 3 promotes plaque inflammation and atheroprogression. Matrix Biol 2017; 66:67-80. [PMID: 28987865 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2017.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Revised: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hyaluronan (HA) is a prominent component of the provisional extracellular matrix (ECM) present in the neointima of atherosclerotic plaques. Here the role of HA synthase 3 (HAS3) in atheroprogression was studied. APPROACH AND RESULTS It is demonstrated here that HAS isoenzymes 1, -2 and -3 are expressed in human atherosclerotic plaques of the carotid artery. In Apolipoprotein E (Apoe)-deficient mice Has3 expression is increased early during lesion formation when macrophages enter atherosclerotic plaques. Importantly, HAS3 expression in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) was found to be regulated by interleukin 1 β (IL-1β) in an NFkB dependent manner and blocking antibodies to IL-1β abrogate Has3 expression in VSMC by activated macrophages. Has3/Apoe double deficient mice developed less atherosclerosis characterized by decreased Th1-cell responses, decreased IL-12 release, and decreased macrophage-driven inflammation. CONCLUSIONS Inhibition of HAS3-dependent synthesis of HA dampens systemic Th1 cell polarization and reduces plaque inflammation. These data suggest that HAS3 might be a promising therapeutic target in atherosclerosis. Moreover, because HAS3 is regulated by IL-1β, our results suggest that therapeutic anti-IL-1β antibodies, recently tested in human clinical trials (CANTOS), may exert their beneficial effects on inflammation in post-myocardial infarction patients in part via effects on HAS3. TOC categorybasic study TOC subcategoryarteriosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Homann
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Klinische Pharmakologie, University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Maria Grandoch
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Klinische Pharmakologie, University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Lena S Kiene
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Klinische Pharmakologie, University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Yanina Podsvyadek
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Klinische Pharmakologie, University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Kathrin Feldmann
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Klinische Pharmakologie, University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Berit Rabausch
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Klinische Pharmakologie, University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Nadine Nagy
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Klinische Pharmakologie, University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford Immunology, Stanford, USA
| | - Stefan Lehr
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Inga Kretschmer
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Klinische Pharmakologie, University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Alexander Oberhuber
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Paul Bollyky
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford Immunology, Stanford, USA
| | - Jens W Fischer
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Klinische Pharmakologie, University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; CARID, Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf, University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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11
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Feldmann K, Grandoch M, Kohlmorgen C, Valentin B, Gerfer S, Nagy N, Fender AC, Hartwig S, Lehr S, Fischer JW. Reduced pro-inflammatory macrophage polarization in visceral adipose tissue and atherosclerotic lesions of LDL receptor deficient mice treated with the direct thrombin inhibitor dabigatran. Atherosclerosis 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2017.06.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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12
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Grandoch M, Kohlmorgen C, Melchior-Becker A, Feldmann K, Homann S, Müller J, Kiene LS, Zeng-Brouwers J, Schmitz F, Nagy N, Polzin A, Gowert NS, Elvers M, Skroblin P, Yin X, Mayr M, Schaefer L, Tannock LR, Fischer JW. Loss of
Biglycan
Enhances Thrombin Generation in
Apolipoprotein E
-Deficient Mice. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2016; 36:e41-50. [DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.115.306973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective—
Thrombin signaling promotes atherosclerosis by initiating inflammatory events indirectly through platelet activation and directly via protease-activated receptors. Therefore, endogenous thrombin inhibitors may be relevant modulators of atheroprogression and cardiovascular risk. In addition, endogenous thrombin inhibitors may affect the response to non–vitamin K-dependent oral anticoagulants. Here, the question was addressed whether the small leucine-rich proteoglycan biglycan acts as an endogenous thrombin inhibitor in atherosclerosis through activation of heparin cofactor II.
Approach and Results—
Biglycan concentrations were elevated in the plasma of patients with acute coronary syndrome and in male
Apolipoprotein E
-deficient (
ApoE
−/−
) mice. Biglycan was detected in the glycocalyx of capillaries and the subendothelial matrix of arterioles of
ApoE
−/−
mice and in atherosclerotic plaques. Thereby a vascular compartment is provided that may mediate the endothelial and subendothelial activation of heparin cofactor II through biglycan.
ApoE
and
Bgn
double-deficient (
ApoE
−/−
/Bgn
−/0
) mice showed higher activity of circulating thrombin, increased platelet activation and platelet adhesion in vivo, supporting a role of biglycan in balancing thrombin activity. Furthermore, concentrations of circulating cytokines and aortic macrophage content were elevated in
ApoE
−/−
/Bgn
−/0
mice, suggesting a proinflammatory phenotype. Elevated platelet activation and macrophage accumulation were reversed by treating
ApoE
−/−
/Bgn
−/0
mice with the thrombin inhibitor argatroban. Ultimately,
ApoE
−/−
/Bgn
−/0
mice developed aggravated atherosclerosis.
Conclusions—
The present results indicate that biglycan plays a previously unappreciated protective role during the progression of atherosclerosis by inhibiting thrombin activity, platelet activation, and finally macrophage-mediated plaque inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Grandoch
- From the Institut für Pharmakologie und Klinische Pharmakologie, Universitätsklinikum der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.G., C.K., A.M.-B., K.F., S.H., J.M., L.-S.K., F.S., N.N., J.W.F.); Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID), Universitätsklinikum der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.G., C.K., A.M.-B., K.F., S.H., J.M., L.-S.K., F.S., N.N., A.P., J.W.F.); Klinik für Kardiologie, Pneumologie und Angiologie,
| | - Christina Kohlmorgen
- From the Institut für Pharmakologie und Klinische Pharmakologie, Universitätsklinikum der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.G., C.K., A.M.-B., K.F., S.H., J.M., L.-S.K., F.S., N.N., J.W.F.); Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID), Universitätsklinikum der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.G., C.K., A.M.-B., K.F., S.H., J.M., L.-S.K., F.S., N.N., A.P., J.W.F.); Klinik für Kardiologie, Pneumologie und Angiologie,
| | - Ariane Melchior-Becker
- From the Institut für Pharmakologie und Klinische Pharmakologie, Universitätsklinikum der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.G., C.K., A.M.-B., K.F., S.H., J.M., L.-S.K., F.S., N.N., J.W.F.); Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID), Universitätsklinikum der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.G., C.K., A.M.-B., K.F., S.H., J.M., L.-S.K., F.S., N.N., A.P., J.W.F.); Klinik für Kardiologie, Pneumologie und Angiologie,
| | - Kathrin Feldmann
- From the Institut für Pharmakologie und Klinische Pharmakologie, Universitätsklinikum der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.G., C.K., A.M.-B., K.F., S.H., J.M., L.-S.K., F.S., N.N., J.W.F.); Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID), Universitätsklinikum der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.G., C.K., A.M.-B., K.F., S.H., J.M., L.-S.K., F.S., N.N., A.P., J.W.F.); Klinik für Kardiologie, Pneumologie und Angiologie,
| | - Susanne Homann
- From the Institut für Pharmakologie und Klinische Pharmakologie, Universitätsklinikum der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.G., C.K., A.M.-B., K.F., S.H., J.M., L.-S.K., F.S., N.N., J.W.F.); Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID), Universitätsklinikum der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.G., C.K., A.M.-B., K.F., S.H., J.M., L.-S.K., F.S., N.N., A.P., J.W.F.); Klinik für Kardiologie, Pneumologie und Angiologie,
| | - Julia Müller
- From the Institut für Pharmakologie und Klinische Pharmakologie, Universitätsklinikum der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.G., C.K., A.M.-B., K.F., S.H., J.M., L.-S.K., F.S., N.N., J.W.F.); Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID), Universitätsklinikum der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.G., C.K., A.M.-B., K.F., S.H., J.M., L.-S.K., F.S., N.N., A.P., J.W.F.); Klinik für Kardiologie, Pneumologie und Angiologie,
| | - Lena-Sophia Kiene
- From the Institut für Pharmakologie und Klinische Pharmakologie, Universitätsklinikum der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.G., C.K., A.M.-B., K.F., S.H., J.M., L.-S.K., F.S., N.N., J.W.F.); Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID), Universitätsklinikum der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.G., C.K., A.M.-B., K.F., S.H., J.M., L.-S.K., F.S., N.N., A.P., J.W.F.); Klinik für Kardiologie, Pneumologie und Angiologie,
| | - Jinyang Zeng-Brouwers
- From the Institut für Pharmakologie und Klinische Pharmakologie, Universitätsklinikum der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.G., C.K., A.M.-B., K.F., S.H., J.M., L.-S.K., F.S., N.N., J.W.F.); Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID), Universitätsklinikum der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.G., C.K., A.M.-B., K.F., S.H., J.M., L.-S.K., F.S., N.N., A.P., J.W.F.); Klinik für Kardiologie, Pneumologie und Angiologie,
| | - Friederike Schmitz
- From the Institut für Pharmakologie und Klinische Pharmakologie, Universitätsklinikum der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.G., C.K., A.M.-B., K.F., S.H., J.M., L.-S.K., F.S., N.N., J.W.F.); Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID), Universitätsklinikum der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.G., C.K., A.M.-B., K.F., S.H., J.M., L.-S.K., F.S., N.N., A.P., J.W.F.); Klinik für Kardiologie, Pneumologie und Angiologie,
| | - Nadine Nagy
- From the Institut für Pharmakologie und Klinische Pharmakologie, Universitätsklinikum der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.G., C.K., A.M.-B., K.F., S.H., J.M., L.-S.K., F.S., N.N., J.W.F.); Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID), Universitätsklinikum der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.G., C.K., A.M.-B., K.F., S.H., J.M., L.-S.K., F.S., N.N., A.P., J.W.F.); Klinik für Kardiologie, Pneumologie und Angiologie,
| | - Amin Polzin
- From the Institut für Pharmakologie und Klinische Pharmakologie, Universitätsklinikum der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.G., C.K., A.M.-B., K.F., S.H., J.M., L.-S.K., F.S., N.N., J.W.F.); Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID), Universitätsklinikum der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.G., C.K., A.M.-B., K.F., S.H., J.M., L.-S.K., F.S., N.N., A.P., J.W.F.); Klinik für Kardiologie, Pneumologie und Angiologie,
| | - Nina S. Gowert
- From the Institut für Pharmakologie und Klinische Pharmakologie, Universitätsklinikum der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.G., C.K., A.M.-B., K.F., S.H., J.M., L.-S.K., F.S., N.N., J.W.F.); Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID), Universitätsklinikum der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.G., C.K., A.M.-B., K.F., S.H., J.M., L.-S.K., F.S., N.N., A.P., J.W.F.); Klinik für Kardiologie, Pneumologie und Angiologie,
| | - Margitta Elvers
- From the Institut für Pharmakologie und Klinische Pharmakologie, Universitätsklinikum der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.G., C.K., A.M.-B., K.F., S.H., J.M., L.-S.K., F.S., N.N., J.W.F.); Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID), Universitätsklinikum der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.G., C.K., A.M.-B., K.F., S.H., J.M., L.-S.K., F.S., N.N., A.P., J.W.F.); Klinik für Kardiologie, Pneumologie und Angiologie,
| | - Philipp Skroblin
- From the Institut für Pharmakologie und Klinische Pharmakologie, Universitätsklinikum der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.G., C.K., A.M.-B., K.F., S.H., J.M., L.-S.K., F.S., N.N., J.W.F.); Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID), Universitätsklinikum der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.G., C.K., A.M.-B., K.F., S.H., J.M., L.-S.K., F.S., N.N., A.P., J.W.F.); Klinik für Kardiologie, Pneumologie und Angiologie,
| | - Xiaoke Yin
- From the Institut für Pharmakologie und Klinische Pharmakologie, Universitätsklinikum der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.G., C.K., A.M.-B., K.F., S.H., J.M., L.-S.K., F.S., N.N., J.W.F.); Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID), Universitätsklinikum der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.G., C.K., A.M.-B., K.F., S.H., J.M., L.-S.K., F.S., N.N., A.P., J.W.F.); Klinik für Kardiologie, Pneumologie und Angiologie,
| | - Manuel Mayr
- From the Institut für Pharmakologie und Klinische Pharmakologie, Universitätsklinikum der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.G., C.K., A.M.-B., K.F., S.H., J.M., L.-S.K., F.S., N.N., J.W.F.); Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID), Universitätsklinikum der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.G., C.K., A.M.-B., K.F., S.H., J.M., L.-S.K., F.S., N.N., A.P., J.W.F.); Klinik für Kardiologie, Pneumologie und Angiologie,
| | - Liliana Schaefer
- From the Institut für Pharmakologie und Klinische Pharmakologie, Universitätsklinikum der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.G., C.K., A.M.-B., K.F., S.H., J.M., L.-S.K., F.S., N.N., J.W.F.); Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID), Universitätsklinikum der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.G., C.K., A.M.-B., K.F., S.H., J.M., L.-S.K., F.S., N.N., A.P., J.W.F.); Klinik für Kardiologie, Pneumologie und Angiologie,
| | - Lisa R. Tannock
- From the Institut für Pharmakologie und Klinische Pharmakologie, Universitätsklinikum der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.G., C.K., A.M.-B., K.F., S.H., J.M., L.-S.K., F.S., N.N., J.W.F.); Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID), Universitätsklinikum der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.G., C.K., A.M.-B., K.F., S.H., J.M., L.-S.K., F.S., N.N., A.P., J.W.F.); Klinik für Kardiologie, Pneumologie und Angiologie,
| | - Jens W. Fischer
- From the Institut für Pharmakologie und Klinische Pharmakologie, Universitätsklinikum der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.G., C.K., A.M.-B., K.F., S.H., J.M., L.-S.K., F.S., N.N., J.W.F.); Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID), Universitätsklinikum der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.G., C.K., A.M.-B., K.F., S.H., J.M., L.-S.K., F.S., N.N., A.P., J.W.F.); Klinik für Kardiologie, Pneumologie und Angiologie,
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13
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Feldmann K, Grandoch M, Lehr S, Fischer JW. Abstract 386: Thrombin Inhibition by Dabigatran Reduces the Amount of Pro-Inflammatory CD11c-Positive Macrophages in Visceral Adipose Tissue of Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Deficient Mice. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2015. [DOI: 10.1161/atvb.35.suppl_1.386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Thrombin is involved in inflammatory processes. In obesity, chronic low-grade inflammation promotes the development of insulin resistance and diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM) which strongly drive atherosclerosis. Patients with T2DM exhibit increased circulating levels of tissue factor as well as thrombin-antithrombin complexes.
Aim of the present study was to analyse potential effects of thrombin inhibition by dabigatran on adipose tissue inflammation in a mouse-model of diet-induced obesity and atherosclerosis.
Female, 10 weeks old low-density lipoprotein receptor-deficient (LDLR-/-) mice received a Western-type diet containing 5 mg/g dabigatran or matching placebo for 20 weeks.
Flow cytometric analysis of the stromal vascular fraction revealed a reduction in pro-inflammatory macrophages (CD11b+F4/80+CD11c+) in visceral adipose tissue of dabigatran-treated animals (control 8.490 ± 1.996, dabigatran 3.606 ± 0.8884 CD11c+ macrophages/mg adipose tissue, n = 21), while the number of anti-inflammatory CD11c- macrophages was not changed. mRNA expression in the visceral adipose tissue as well as plasma concentrations of the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL) 1 beta and IL 6 (quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR), multiplex immunoassay) were reduced in dabigatran-treated animals. No differences in body-weight gain and the amount of body fat (NMR measurement) were observed. Glucose tolerance and insulin resistance did not differ between groups, either. In vitro no direct influence of thrombin on macrophage polarization was detectable in bone marrow-derived macrophages (flow cytometry, qPCR). However, first results indicate that stimulation of the cells with conditioned medium from thrombin-treated, differentiated preadipocytes (3T3L1 cells) enhances M1 polarization of macrophages (flow cytometry).
In conclusion, thrombin inhibition by dabigatran promotes an anti-inflammatory phenotype in adipose tissue macrophages in a mouse model of diet-induced obesity and atherosclerosis, probably resulting from a changed expression profile of adipocyte cytokines. These effects might contribute to the known anti-atherosclerotic effects of thrombin inhibition in this model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Feldmann
- Pharmakologie und Klinische Pharmakologie, Uniklinikum Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Maria Grandoch
- Pharmakologie und Klinische Pharmakologie, Uniklinikum Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Stefan Lehr
- Institut für Klinische Biochemie und Pathobiochemie, Deutsches Diabetes Zentrum, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Jens W Fischer
- Pharmakologie und Klinische Pharmakologie, Uniklinikum Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
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14
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Grandoch M, Feldmann K, Göthert JR, Dick LS, Homann S, Klatt C, Bayer JK, Waldheim JN, Rabausch B, Nagy N, Oberhuber A, Deenen R, Köhrer K, Lehr S, Homey B, Pfeffer K, Fischer JW. Deficiency in lymphotoxin β receptor protects from atherosclerosis in apoE-deficient mice. Circ Res 2015; 116:e57-68. [PMID: 25740843 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.116.305723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Accepted: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Lymphotoxin β receptor (LTbR) regulates immune cell trafficking and communication in inflammatory diseases. However, the role of LTbR in atherosclerosis is still unclear. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to elucidate the role of LTbR in atherosclerosis. METHODS AND RESULTS After 15 weeks of feeding a Western-type diet, mice double-deficient in apolipoprotein E and LTbR (apoE(-/-)/LTbR(-/-)) exhibited lower aortic plaque burden than did apoE(-/-) littermates. Macrophage content at the aortic root and in the aorta was reduced, as determined by immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry. In line with a decrease in plaque inflammation, chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5 (Ccl5) and other chemokines were transcriptionally downregulated in aortic tissue from apoE(-/-)/LTbR(-/-) mice. Moreover, bone marrow chimeras demonstrated that LTbR deficiency in hematopoietic cells mediated the atheroprotection. Furthermore, during atheroprogression, apoE(-/-) mice exhibited increased concentrations of cytokines, for example, Ccl5, whereas apoE(-/-)/LTbR(-/-) mice did not. Despite this decreased plaque macrophage content, flow cytometric analysis showed that the numbers of circulating lymphocyte antigen 6C (Ly6C)(low) monocytes were markedly elevated in apoE(-/-)/LTbR(-/-) mice. The influx of these cells into atherosclerotic lesions was significantly reduced, whereas apoptosis and macrophage proliferation in atherosclerotic lesions were unaffected. Gene array analysis pointed to chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 5 as the most regulated pathway in isolated CD115(+) cells in apoE(-/-)/LTbR(-/-) mice. Furthermore, stimulating monocytes from apoE(-/-) mice with agonistic anti-LTbR antibody or the natural ligand lymphotoxin-α1β2, increased Ccl5 mRNA expression. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that LTbR plays a role in macrophage-driven inflammation in atherosclerotic lesions, probably by augmenting the Ccl5-mediated recruitment of monocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Grandoch
- From the Institut für Pharmakologie und Klinische Pharmakologie (M.G., K.F., L.S.D., S.H., C.K., J.K.B., J.N.W., B.R., N.N., J.W.F.), Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID) (M.G., K.F., L.S.D., S.H., C.K., J.K.B., J.N.W., B.R., N.N., J.W.F.), Klinik für Gefäß- und Endovaskularchirurgie (A.O.), Biologisch-Medizinisches Forschungszentrum (BMFZ) (R.D., K.K.), Hautklinik (B.H.), and Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Krankenhaushygiene (K.P.), Universitätsklinikum der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; Klinik für Hämatologie, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Westdeutsches Tumorzentrum (WTZ), Essen, Germany (J.R.G.); and Institut für Klinische Biochemie und Pathobiochemie, Deutsches Diabetes Zentrum, Düsseldorf, Germany (S.L.).
| | - Kathrin Feldmann
- From the Institut für Pharmakologie und Klinische Pharmakologie (M.G., K.F., L.S.D., S.H., C.K., J.K.B., J.N.W., B.R., N.N., J.W.F.), Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID) (M.G., K.F., L.S.D., S.H., C.K., J.K.B., J.N.W., B.R., N.N., J.W.F.), Klinik für Gefäß- und Endovaskularchirurgie (A.O.), Biologisch-Medizinisches Forschungszentrum (BMFZ) (R.D., K.K.), Hautklinik (B.H.), and Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Krankenhaushygiene (K.P.), Universitätsklinikum der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; Klinik für Hämatologie, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Westdeutsches Tumorzentrum (WTZ), Essen, Germany (J.R.G.); and Institut für Klinische Biochemie und Pathobiochemie, Deutsches Diabetes Zentrum, Düsseldorf, Germany (S.L.)
| | - Joachim R Göthert
- From the Institut für Pharmakologie und Klinische Pharmakologie (M.G., K.F., L.S.D., S.H., C.K., J.K.B., J.N.W., B.R., N.N., J.W.F.), Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID) (M.G., K.F., L.S.D., S.H., C.K., J.K.B., J.N.W., B.R., N.N., J.W.F.), Klinik für Gefäß- und Endovaskularchirurgie (A.O.), Biologisch-Medizinisches Forschungszentrum (BMFZ) (R.D., K.K.), Hautklinik (B.H.), and Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Krankenhaushygiene (K.P.), Universitätsklinikum der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; Klinik für Hämatologie, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Westdeutsches Tumorzentrum (WTZ), Essen, Germany (J.R.G.); and Institut für Klinische Biochemie und Pathobiochemie, Deutsches Diabetes Zentrum, Düsseldorf, Germany (S.L.)
| | - Lena S Dick
- From the Institut für Pharmakologie und Klinische Pharmakologie (M.G., K.F., L.S.D., S.H., C.K., J.K.B., J.N.W., B.R., N.N., J.W.F.), Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID) (M.G., K.F., L.S.D., S.H., C.K., J.K.B., J.N.W., B.R., N.N., J.W.F.), Klinik für Gefäß- und Endovaskularchirurgie (A.O.), Biologisch-Medizinisches Forschungszentrum (BMFZ) (R.D., K.K.), Hautklinik (B.H.), and Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Krankenhaushygiene (K.P.), Universitätsklinikum der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; Klinik für Hämatologie, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Westdeutsches Tumorzentrum (WTZ), Essen, Germany (J.R.G.); and Institut für Klinische Biochemie und Pathobiochemie, Deutsches Diabetes Zentrum, Düsseldorf, Germany (S.L.)
| | - Susanne Homann
- From the Institut für Pharmakologie und Klinische Pharmakologie (M.G., K.F., L.S.D., S.H., C.K., J.K.B., J.N.W., B.R., N.N., J.W.F.), Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID) (M.G., K.F., L.S.D., S.H., C.K., J.K.B., J.N.W., B.R., N.N., J.W.F.), Klinik für Gefäß- und Endovaskularchirurgie (A.O.), Biologisch-Medizinisches Forschungszentrum (BMFZ) (R.D., K.K.), Hautklinik (B.H.), and Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Krankenhaushygiene (K.P.), Universitätsklinikum der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; Klinik für Hämatologie, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Westdeutsches Tumorzentrum (WTZ), Essen, Germany (J.R.G.); and Institut für Klinische Biochemie und Pathobiochemie, Deutsches Diabetes Zentrum, Düsseldorf, Germany (S.L.)
| | - Christina Klatt
- From the Institut für Pharmakologie und Klinische Pharmakologie (M.G., K.F., L.S.D., S.H., C.K., J.K.B., J.N.W., B.R., N.N., J.W.F.), Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID) (M.G., K.F., L.S.D., S.H., C.K., J.K.B., J.N.W., B.R., N.N., J.W.F.), Klinik für Gefäß- und Endovaskularchirurgie (A.O.), Biologisch-Medizinisches Forschungszentrum (BMFZ) (R.D., K.K.), Hautklinik (B.H.), and Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Krankenhaushygiene (K.P.), Universitätsklinikum der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; Klinik für Hämatologie, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Westdeutsches Tumorzentrum (WTZ), Essen, Germany (J.R.G.); and Institut für Klinische Biochemie und Pathobiochemie, Deutsches Diabetes Zentrum, Düsseldorf, Germany (S.L.)
| | - Julia K Bayer
- From the Institut für Pharmakologie und Klinische Pharmakologie (M.G., K.F., L.S.D., S.H., C.K., J.K.B., J.N.W., B.R., N.N., J.W.F.), Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID) (M.G., K.F., L.S.D., S.H., C.K., J.K.B., J.N.W., B.R., N.N., J.W.F.), Klinik für Gefäß- und Endovaskularchirurgie (A.O.), Biologisch-Medizinisches Forschungszentrum (BMFZ) (R.D., K.K.), Hautklinik (B.H.), and Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Krankenhaushygiene (K.P.), Universitätsklinikum der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; Klinik für Hämatologie, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Westdeutsches Tumorzentrum (WTZ), Essen, Germany (J.R.G.); and Institut für Klinische Biochemie und Pathobiochemie, Deutsches Diabetes Zentrum, Düsseldorf, Germany (S.L.)
| | - Jan N Waldheim
- From the Institut für Pharmakologie und Klinische Pharmakologie (M.G., K.F., L.S.D., S.H., C.K., J.K.B., J.N.W., B.R., N.N., J.W.F.), Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID) (M.G., K.F., L.S.D., S.H., C.K., J.K.B., J.N.W., B.R., N.N., J.W.F.), Klinik für Gefäß- und Endovaskularchirurgie (A.O.), Biologisch-Medizinisches Forschungszentrum (BMFZ) (R.D., K.K.), Hautklinik (B.H.), and Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Krankenhaushygiene (K.P.), Universitätsklinikum der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; Klinik für Hämatologie, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Westdeutsches Tumorzentrum (WTZ), Essen, Germany (J.R.G.); and Institut für Klinische Biochemie und Pathobiochemie, Deutsches Diabetes Zentrum, Düsseldorf, Germany (S.L.)
| | - Berit Rabausch
- From the Institut für Pharmakologie und Klinische Pharmakologie (M.G., K.F., L.S.D., S.H., C.K., J.K.B., J.N.W., B.R., N.N., J.W.F.), Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID) (M.G., K.F., L.S.D., S.H., C.K., J.K.B., J.N.W., B.R., N.N., J.W.F.), Klinik für Gefäß- und Endovaskularchirurgie (A.O.), Biologisch-Medizinisches Forschungszentrum (BMFZ) (R.D., K.K.), Hautklinik (B.H.), and Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Krankenhaushygiene (K.P.), Universitätsklinikum der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; Klinik für Hämatologie, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Westdeutsches Tumorzentrum (WTZ), Essen, Germany (J.R.G.); and Institut für Klinische Biochemie und Pathobiochemie, Deutsches Diabetes Zentrum, Düsseldorf, Germany (S.L.)
| | - Nadine Nagy
- From the Institut für Pharmakologie und Klinische Pharmakologie (M.G., K.F., L.S.D., S.H., C.K., J.K.B., J.N.W., B.R., N.N., J.W.F.), Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID) (M.G., K.F., L.S.D., S.H., C.K., J.K.B., J.N.W., B.R., N.N., J.W.F.), Klinik für Gefäß- und Endovaskularchirurgie (A.O.), Biologisch-Medizinisches Forschungszentrum (BMFZ) (R.D., K.K.), Hautklinik (B.H.), and Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Krankenhaushygiene (K.P.), Universitätsklinikum der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; Klinik für Hämatologie, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Westdeutsches Tumorzentrum (WTZ), Essen, Germany (J.R.G.); and Institut für Klinische Biochemie und Pathobiochemie, Deutsches Diabetes Zentrum, Düsseldorf, Germany (S.L.)
| | - Alexander Oberhuber
- From the Institut für Pharmakologie und Klinische Pharmakologie (M.G., K.F., L.S.D., S.H., C.K., J.K.B., J.N.W., B.R., N.N., J.W.F.), Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID) (M.G., K.F., L.S.D., S.H., C.K., J.K.B., J.N.W., B.R., N.N., J.W.F.), Klinik für Gefäß- und Endovaskularchirurgie (A.O.), Biologisch-Medizinisches Forschungszentrum (BMFZ) (R.D., K.K.), Hautklinik (B.H.), and Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Krankenhaushygiene (K.P.), Universitätsklinikum der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; Klinik für Hämatologie, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Westdeutsches Tumorzentrum (WTZ), Essen, Germany (J.R.G.); and Institut für Klinische Biochemie und Pathobiochemie, Deutsches Diabetes Zentrum, Düsseldorf, Germany (S.L.)
| | - René Deenen
- From the Institut für Pharmakologie und Klinische Pharmakologie (M.G., K.F., L.S.D., S.H., C.K., J.K.B., J.N.W., B.R., N.N., J.W.F.), Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID) (M.G., K.F., L.S.D., S.H., C.K., J.K.B., J.N.W., B.R., N.N., J.W.F.), Klinik für Gefäß- und Endovaskularchirurgie (A.O.), Biologisch-Medizinisches Forschungszentrum (BMFZ) (R.D., K.K.), Hautklinik (B.H.), and Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Krankenhaushygiene (K.P.), Universitätsklinikum der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; Klinik für Hämatologie, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Westdeutsches Tumorzentrum (WTZ), Essen, Germany (J.R.G.); and Institut für Klinische Biochemie und Pathobiochemie, Deutsches Diabetes Zentrum, Düsseldorf, Germany (S.L.)
| | - Karl Köhrer
- From the Institut für Pharmakologie und Klinische Pharmakologie (M.G., K.F., L.S.D., S.H., C.K., J.K.B., J.N.W., B.R., N.N., J.W.F.), Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID) (M.G., K.F., L.S.D., S.H., C.K., J.K.B., J.N.W., B.R., N.N., J.W.F.), Klinik für Gefäß- und Endovaskularchirurgie (A.O.), Biologisch-Medizinisches Forschungszentrum (BMFZ) (R.D., K.K.), Hautklinik (B.H.), and Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Krankenhaushygiene (K.P.), Universitätsklinikum der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; Klinik für Hämatologie, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Westdeutsches Tumorzentrum (WTZ), Essen, Germany (J.R.G.); and Institut für Klinische Biochemie und Pathobiochemie, Deutsches Diabetes Zentrum, Düsseldorf, Germany (S.L.)
| | - Stefan Lehr
- From the Institut für Pharmakologie und Klinische Pharmakologie (M.G., K.F., L.S.D., S.H., C.K., J.K.B., J.N.W., B.R., N.N., J.W.F.), Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID) (M.G., K.F., L.S.D., S.H., C.K., J.K.B., J.N.W., B.R., N.N., J.W.F.), Klinik für Gefäß- und Endovaskularchirurgie (A.O.), Biologisch-Medizinisches Forschungszentrum (BMFZ) (R.D., K.K.), Hautklinik (B.H.), and Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Krankenhaushygiene (K.P.), Universitätsklinikum der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; Klinik für Hämatologie, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Westdeutsches Tumorzentrum (WTZ), Essen, Germany (J.R.G.); and Institut für Klinische Biochemie und Pathobiochemie, Deutsches Diabetes Zentrum, Düsseldorf, Germany (S.L.)
| | - Bernhard Homey
- From the Institut für Pharmakologie und Klinische Pharmakologie (M.G., K.F., L.S.D., S.H., C.K., J.K.B., J.N.W., B.R., N.N., J.W.F.), Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID) (M.G., K.F., L.S.D., S.H., C.K., J.K.B., J.N.W., B.R., N.N., J.W.F.), Klinik für Gefäß- und Endovaskularchirurgie (A.O.), Biologisch-Medizinisches Forschungszentrum (BMFZ) (R.D., K.K.), Hautklinik (B.H.), and Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Krankenhaushygiene (K.P.), Universitätsklinikum der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; Klinik für Hämatologie, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Westdeutsches Tumorzentrum (WTZ), Essen, Germany (J.R.G.); and Institut für Klinische Biochemie und Pathobiochemie, Deutsches Diabetes Zentrum, Düsseldorf, Germany (S.L.)
| | - Klaus Pfeffer
- From the Institut für Pharmakologie und Klinische Pharmakologie (M.G., K.F., L.S.D., S.H., C.K., J.K.B., J.N.W., B.R., N.N., J.W.F.), Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID) (M.G., K.F., L.S.D., S.H., C.K., J.K.B., J.N.W., B.R., N.N., J.W.F.), Klinik für Gefäß- und Endovaskularchirurgie (A.O.), Biologisch-Medizinisches Forschungszentrum (BMFZ) (R.D., K.K.), Hautklinik (B.H.), and Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Krankenhaushygiene (K.P.), Universitätsklinikum der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; Klinik für Hämatologie, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Westdeutsches Tumorzentrum (WTZ), Essen, Germany (J.R.G.); and Institut für Klinische Biochemie und Pathobiochemie, Deutsches Diabetes Zentrum, Düsseldorf, Germany (S.L.)
| | - Jens W Fischer
- From the Institut für Pharmakologie und Klinische Pharmakologie (M.G., K.F., L.S.D., S.H., C.K., J.K.B., J.N.W., B.R., N.N., J.W.F.), Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID) (M.G., K.F., L.S.D., S.H., C.K., J.K.B., J.N.W., B.R., N.N., J.W.F.), Klinik für Gefäß- und Endovaskularchirurgie (A.O.), Biologisch-Medizinisches Forschungszentrum (BMFZ) (R.D., K.K.), Hautklinik (B.H.), and Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Krankenhaushygiene (K.P.), Universitätsklinikum der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; Klinik für Hämatologie, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Westdeutsches Tumorzentrum (WTZ), Essen, Germany (J.R.G.); and Institut für Klinische Biochemie und Pathobiochemie, Deutsches Diabetes Zentrum, Düsseldorf, Germany (S.L.)
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Müller J, Gorressen S, Grandoch M, Feldmann K, Kretschmer I, Lehr S, Ding Z, Schmitt JP, Schrader J, Garbers C, Heusch G, Kelm M, Scheller J, Fischer JW. Interleukin-6-dependent phenotypic modulation of cardiac fibroblasts after acute myocardial infarction. Basic Res Cardiol 2014; 109:440. [PMID: 25236954 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-014-0440-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2014] [Revised: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 09/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a multifunctional cytokine that orchestrates the immune response to a wide variety of pathophysiologic challenges but also contributes to tissue homeostasis. Furthermore, IL-6 is elevated in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Hyaluronan (HA) is an extracellular carbohydrate that has been implicated in wound healing and accumulates after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Aim of this study was to investigate the involvement of IL-6 in the regulation of the HA-matrix in the early phase of infarct healing. In the present study, we show by the use of a blocking anti-IL-6 antibody, that endogenous IL-6 rapidly but transiently increased HA-synthase (HAS) 1 and 2 expression resulting in the formation of a HA-rich matrix acutely after AMI in mice. In vitro, IL-6 induced HAS1 and 2 via STAT3 phosphorylation in cardiac fibroblasts (CF) and supported a myofibroblastic phenotype in a HA-dependent manner. Furthermore, CCL5 and MCP1 expression were dependent on IL-6, HA-synthesis and the HA-receptor CD44 as shown in cultured CF derived from CD44 knockout mice. In vivo after AMI, blocking IL-6 decreased HA-matrix formation in the peri-infarct region and alpha-smooth muscle actin-positive myofibroblasts. Blocking IL-6 also reduced neutrophil infiltration in infarcted left ventricles. Moreover, treatment with the blocking IL-6 antibody reduced cardiac ejection fraction and increased infarct size 3 weeks after AMI. These findings support a functionally important role for IL-6 in CF by transiently inducing a HA-rich matrix that in turn promotes a myofibroblastic phenotype and inflammatory responses, and ultimately establishes a cardioprotective program after AMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Müller
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Klinische Pharmakologie, Universitätsklinikum der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
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16
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Feldmann K, Daltrozzo E, Scheibe G. Cis-trans-Isomerie bei 1-Amino-3-imino-propenen (Basen der Trimethincyaninreihe) am Beispiel des Malonaldehyddianils. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1515/znb-1967-0709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
It has been proved possible to establish relationships between charge, configuration and spectroscopic properties of the chromophoric system N-C-C-C-N containing 6 π-electrons. This system occurs in an uncharged form in the amino-imino-propenes.
In the case of malonaldehyde-dianil, spectroscopic (u.v. and n.m.r.) data indicate that 1-amino-3-imino-propenes exist in a cis-trans equilibrium which is solvent and temperature dependent. The position of the equilibrium may be correlated with the tendency of the solvent to form hydrogenbonds.
Cis-trans conversion of these compounds may also be effected by irradiation. The half-life for the interconversion of malonaldehyde-dianil in n-hexane at room temperature has been measured by flash spectroscopy and found to be τ½=140± 10 msec. In contrast to the photochemical transeis conversion found in cyanine cations and polyenes, the present phenomenon is a cis-trans rearrangement.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Feldmann
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie und Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Strukturchemie der Technischen Hochschule München
| | - E. Daltrozzo
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie und Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Strukturchemie der Technischen Hochschule München
| | - G. Scheibe
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie und Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Strukturchemie der Technischen Hochschule München
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Affiliation(s)
- K Mönkemüller
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, Marienhospital Bottrop, Bottrop, Germany
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18
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Steinfeldt T, Graf J, Vassiliou T, Morin A, Feldmann K, Nimphius W, De Andres J, Wulf H. High or low current threshold for nerve stimulation for regional anaesthesia. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2009; 53:1275-81. [PMID: 19719818 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-6576.2009.02087.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to determine whether the application of high stimulation current thresholds (SCT) leads to a distant needle to nerve proximity (NNP) compared with low SCT during nerve localization for regional anaesthesia in pigs. METHODS A minimal motor response to the stimulation of femoral or brachial plexus nerves in 16 anaesthetized pigs was triggered either by a minimal SCT of a low (0.01-0.3 mA) or a high (0.8-1.0 mA) current in a random order. After eliciting a motor response with a predetermined SCT, synthetic resin was injected via the needle. After postmortem dissection of the injection site, the localization of the resin deposition was determined verifying the final position of the needle tip. Depending on the proximity of resin deposition to the nerve epineurium, the needle tip placement was considered either as a close or a distant NNP. RESULTS A total of 235 punctures were performed. Ninety-one punctures were carried out with low SCT and 92 with a high SCT. Fifty-two punctures served as a control (1.8-2.0 mA). All injectates following both high or low SCT were considered 'close needle tip to nerve placement', whereas 27 of 52 injectates of the control group appeared distant to nerve epineurium. CONCLUSION Regardless of the applied SCT, i.e. high or low, all resin deposition was found adjacent to nerve epineurium. These findings suggest that high and low SCT result in equivalent needle tip localization in pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Steinfeldt
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Therapy, University Hospital Giessen-Marburg, Campus Marburg, Baldingerstrasse 1, Marburg, Germany.
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Hofmann-Thiel S, van Ingen J, Feldmann K, Turaev L, Uzakova GT, Murmusaeva G, van Soolingen D, Hoffmann H. Mechanisms of heteroresistance to isoniazid and rifampin of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Tashkent, Uzbekistan. Eur Respir J 2008; 33:368-74. [PMID: 18829680 DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00089808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Heteroresistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) is defined as the coexistence of susceptible and resistant organisms to anti-tuberculosis (TB) drugs in the same patient. Heteroresistance of MTB is considered a preliminary stage to full resistance. To date, no mechanism causing heteroresistance of MTB has been proven. Clinical specimens and cultures from 35 TB patients from Tashkent, Uzbekistan, were analysed using the Genotype MTBDR assay (Hain Lifescience, Nehren, Germany), which is designed to detect genetic mutations associated with resistance to rifampin and isoniazid. Cases of heteroresistance were further subjected to genotyping using mycobacterial interspersed repetitive unit-variable-number tandem repeat typing, spoligotyping and IS6110 fingerprinting. Heteroresistance to rifampin and/or isoniazid was found in seven cases (20%). In five of them, heteroresistance was caused by two different strains and in two by a single strain of the Beijing genotype. The latter cases had a history of relapse of their TB. For the first time, two different mechanisms of heteroresistance in tuberculosis have been proven using a stepwise molecular-biological approach: 1) superinfection with two different strains, which is of interest for clinical infection control practitioners; and 2) splitting of a single strain into susceptible and resistant organisms. The latter mechanism is most likely to be related to poor treatment quality and could serve as a quality marker for tuberculosis therapy programmes in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Hofmann-Thiel
- IML, Institute of Microbiology & Laboratory Medicine, Supranational Reference Laboratory (SNRL), Asklepios Fachkliniken, Robert-Koch-Allee 2, D-82131 Gauting, Germany.
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Holdenrieder S, Nagel D, Heinemann V, von Pawel J, Raith H, Feldmann K, Stenman U, Stieber P. Predictive and prognostic biomarker models in advanced lung cancer. J Clin Oncol 2008. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2008.26.15_suppl.19010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Holdenrieder S, Nagel D, Heinemann V, von Pawel J, Raith H, Feldmann K, Stenman U. Development of prognostic models in non-small cell lung cancer based on 60 serum markers and clinical variables. J Clin Oncol 2007. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.18079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
18079 Background: Currently available data concerning the prognostic relevance of biochemical markers in NSCLC are conflicting. Methods: In a prospective study, 60 pretherapeutic parameters including 23 clinical factors, 22 “classical” laboratory markers, and 15 oncological biomarkers were investigated in 300 patients with newly diagnosed advanced NSCLC undergoing first-line chemotherapy. After selection of prognostically independent, clinical parameters by Cox regression analysis, biochemical markers were separately tested together with these clinical factors, and if independently prognostically relevant, simultaneously analyzed by Cox regression using both forward and backward selection. Dependent on clinical preconditions, multivariate analyses were performed on A) clinical, laboratory and oncological lung parameters and B) clinical, laboratory and all oncological parameters. Results: Concerning clinical factors, performance score (PS), weight loss, metastases other than lung (MOL), and chemotherapy showed independent prognostic relevance. Testing biochemical variables with these clinical factors revealed a plentitude of them remaining prognostically significant. When analyzing all prognostically relevant clinical and biochemical variables simultaneously, multivariate models of independently prognostic parameters included for panel A) PS, MOL, CRP, CYFRA 21–1 and chemotherapy. In panel B) CYFRA 21–1 was replaced by the combination of HCG-beta, CA72–4, CA19–9 and S100. Both models improved the prognostic information within the various PS categories significantly. Conclusion: Depending on the availability of pretherapeutic clinical and laboratory variables, various prognostic models for NSCLC patients undergoing first-line chemotherapy can be established. The resulting multivariate models improve the prognostic power over the currently used performance score and provide a more precise pretherapeutic, prognostic stratification of these patients. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Holdenrieder
- University of Munich-Klinikum Grosshadern, Munich, Germany; University of Munich, Munich, Germany; Asklepios Hospital, Gauting, Germany; Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - D. Nagel
- University of Munich-Klinikum Grosshadern, Munich, Germany; University of Munich, Munich, Germany; Asklepios Hospital, Gauting, Germany; Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - V. Heinemann
- University of Munich-Klinikum Grosshadern, Munich, Germany; University of Munich, Munich, Germany; Asklepios Hospital, Gauting, Germany; Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - J. von Pawel
- University of Munich-Klinikum Grosshadern, Munich, Germany; University of Munich, Munich, Germany; Asklepios Hospital, Gauting, Germany; Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - H. Raith
- University of Munich-Klinikum Grosshadern, Munich, Germany; University of Munich, Munich, Germany; Asklepios Hospital, Gauting, Germany; Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - K. Feldmann
- University of Munich-Klinikum Grosshadern, Munich, Germany; University of Munich, Munich, Germany; Asklepios Hospital, Gauting, Germany; Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - U. Stenman
- University of Munich-Klinikum Grosshadern, Munich, Germany; University of Munich, Munich, Germany; Asklepios Hospital, Gauting, Germany; Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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Hoffmann H, Murmusaeva G, Uzakova G, Shrestha B, Bozo I, Yann S, Feldmann K. O479 Rapid detection of multidrug-resistant and heteroresistant tuberculosis in one day using the new molecular-biological test Genotype MTBDR TM. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-8579(07)70323-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Hoffmann H, Uzakova G, Murmusaeva G, Feldmann K. Genetischer MDR- und Heteroresistenz-Nachweis in Bolivien, Nepal, Ukraine und Usbekistan. Pneumologie 2007. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-973145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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24
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Färber A, Feldmann K. Nachweis von Heteroresistenzen für Quinolone bei Mycobacterium tuberculosis mittels einer gyrA Real-time PCR. Pneumologie 2007. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-973146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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25
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Sagebiel D, Niemann S, Loddenkemper R, Diel R, Feldmann K, Haas W, Heykes-Uden H, Loytved G, Mauch H, Meywald-Walter K, Müller-Meudtner S, Naumann L, Pregler M, Rehder-Schlungbaum E, Roth A, Rüsch-Gerdes S, Schulze A, Thamm W, Wolf H. Untersuchungen zur Tuberkulose in Deutschland: Diagnoseverzögerung, Behandlung und Medikamentenresistenz. Pneumologie 2006. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-934019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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26
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Jacobsen M, Repsilber D, Gutschmidt A, Neher A, Feldmann K, Mollenkopf HJ, Kaufmann SHE, Ziegler A. Deconfounding microarray analysis - independent measurements of cell type proportions used in a regression model to resolve tissue heterogeneity bias. Methods Inf Med 2006; 45:557-63. [PMID: 17019511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Microarray analysis requires standardized specimens and evaluation procedures to achieve acceptable results. A major limitation of this method is caused by heterogeneity in the cellular composition of tissue specimens, which frequently confounds data analysis. We introduce a linear model to deconfound gene expression data from tissue heterogeneity for genes exclusively expressed by a single cell type. METHODS Gene expression data are deconfounded from tissue heterogeneity effects by analyzing them using an appropriate linear regression model. In our illustrating data set tissue heterogeneity is being measured using flow cytometry. Gene expression data are determined in parallel by real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and microarray analyses. Verification of deconfounding is enabled using protein quantification for the respective marker genes. RESULTS For our illustrating dataset, quantification of cell type proportions for peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from tuberculosis patients and controls revealed differences in B cell and monocyte proportions between both study groups, and thus heterogeneity for the tissue under investigation. Gene expression analyses reflected these differences in celltype distribution. Fitting an appropriate linear model allowed us to deconfound measured transcriptome levels from tissue heterogeneity effects. In the case of monocytes, additional differential expression on the single cell level could be proposed. Protein quantification verified these deconfounded results. CONCLUSIONS Deconfounding of transcriptome analyses for cellular heterogeneity greatly improves interpretability, and hence the validity of transcriptome profiling results.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Jacobsen
- Department of Immunology, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin, Germany
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Holdenrieder S, von Pawel J, Raith H, Feldmann K, Stenman U, Nagel D, Stieber P. P-499 Prognostic relevance of 60 clinical factors, “classical” laboratoryparameters and tumor markers in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Lung Cancer 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(05)80992-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Holdenrieder S, von Pawel J, Raith H, Feldmann K, Stenman U, Nagel D, Stieber P. P-769 Prognostic relevance of 56 clinical factors, “classical” laboratoryparameters and tumor markers in patients with small cell lung cancer. Lung Cancer 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(05)81262-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Holdenrieder S, von Pawel J, Heinemann V, Raith H, Feldmann K, Stenman UH, Nagel D, Stieber P. Prognostic relevance of 46 clinical, “classical” laboratory and oncological parameters in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer. J Clin Oncol 2005. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2005.23.16_suppl.7196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S. Holdenrieder
- Klin Grosshadern, Inst. Clin Chemistry, Munich, Germany; Asklepios Hosp, Gauting, Germany; Klin Grosshadern, Medcl Clinic III, Munich, Germany; Helsinki Univ Central Hosp, Helsinki, Finland
| | - J. von Pawel
- Klin Grosshadern, Inst. Clin Chemistry, Munich, Germany; Asklepios Hosp, Gauting, Germany; Klin Grosshadern, Medcl Clinic III, Munich, Germany; Helsinki Univ Central Hosp, Helsinki, Finland
| | - V. Heinemann
- Klin Grosshadern, Inst. Clin Chemistry, Munich, Germany; Asklepios Hosp, Gauting, Germany; Klin Grosshadern, Medcl Clinic III, Munich, Germany; Helsinki Univ Central Hosp, Helsinki, Finland
| | - H. Raith
- Klin Grosshadern, Inst. Clin Chemistry, Munich, Germany; Asklepios Hosp, Gauting, Germany; Klin Grosshadern, Medcl Clinic III, Munich, Germany; Helsinki Univ Central Hosp, Helsinki, Finland
| | - K. Feldmann
- Klin Grosshadern, Inst. Clin Chemistry, Munich, Germany; Asklepios Hosp, Gauting, Germany; Klin Grosshadern, Medcl Clinic III, Munich, Germany; Helsinki Univ Central Hosp, Helsinki, Finland
| | - U.-H. Stenman
- Klin Grosshadern, Inst. Clin Chemistry, Munich, Germany; Asklepios Hosp, Gauting, Germany; Klin Grosshadern, Medcl Clinic III, Munich, Germany; Helsinki Univ Central Hosp, Helsinki, Finland
| | - D. Nagel
- Klin Grosshadern, Inst. Clin Chemistry, Munich, Germany; Asklepios Hosp, Gauting, Germany; Klin Grosshadern, Medcl Clinic III, Munich, Germany; Helsinki Univ Central Hosp, Helsinki, Finland
| | - P. Stieber
- Klin Grosshadern, Inst. Clin Chemistry, Munich, Germany; Asklepios Hosp, Gauting, Germany; Klin Grosshadern, Medcl Clinic III, Munich, Germany; Helsinki Univ Central Hosp, Helsinki, Finland
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von Pawel J, Holdenrieder S, Raith H, Nagel D, Feldmann K, Stieber P. Relevance of Oncological Biomarkers for Differential Diagnosis in Lung Cancer. Pneumologie 2005. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-864562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Abstract
In this study we introduce a rapid procedure to identify Mycobacterium abscessus (types I and II) and M. chelonae using LightCycler-based analysis of the hsp65 gene. Results from 36 clinical strains were compared with hsp65 gene restriction analysis and biochemical profiles of bacilli. As all three methods yielded identical results for each isolate, this procedure offers an excellent alternative to previously established nucleic acid amplification-based techniques for the diagnosis of mycobacterial diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Sedlacek
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Epidemiology, Medical School Hannover, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
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Holdenrieder S, Stieber P, Von Pawel J, Heinemann V, Raith H, Nagel D, Feldmann K, Seidel D. Early prediction of response to chemotherapy by circulating nucleosomes and CYFRA 21–1. J Clin Oncol 2004. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2004.22.90140.7149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S. Holdenrieder
- University Hospital Munich-Grosshadern, Munich, Germany; Asklepios Hospital, Gauting, Germany
| | - P. Stieber
- University Hospital Munich-Grosshadern, Munich, Germany; Asklepios Hospital, Gauting, Germany
| | - J. Von Pawel
- University Hospital Munich-Grosshadern, Munich, Germany; Asklepios Hospital, Gauting, Germany
| | - V. Heinemann
- University Hospital Munich-Grosshadern, Munich, Germany; Asklepios Hospital, Gauting, Germany
| | - H. Raith
- University Hospital Munich-Grosshadern, Munich, Germany; Asklepios Hospital, Gauting, Germany
| | - D. Nagel
- University Hospital Munich-Grosshadern, Munich, Germany; Asklepios Hospital, Gauting, Germany
| | - K. Feldmann
- University Hospital Munich-Grosshadern, Munich, Germany; Asklepios Hospital, Gauting, Germany
| | - D. Seidel
- University Hospital Munich-Grosshadern, Munich, Germany; Asklepios Hospital, Gauting, Germany
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Burdak-Rothkamm S, Ruebe C, Nguyen T, Ludwig D, Feldmann K, Wiegel T, Ruebe C. 484 Biological markers associated with sensitivity of tumour cells to the epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor ZD1839 and ionizing radiation. EJC Suppl 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(03)90516-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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Stockmeier M, Kunte C, Feldmann K, Messer G, Wolff H. Folliculitis decalvans - Behandlung mit einer systemischen Rifampicin-Clindamycin-Kombinationstherapie bei 17 Patienten. Akt Dermatol 2001. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2001-19129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Emler S, Feldmann K, Giacuzzo V, Hewitt PL, Klapper PE, Lagrange PH, Wilkins EW, Young KK, Herrmann JL. Multicenter evaluation of a pathogenic mycobacterium screening probe. J Clin Microbiol 2001; 39:2687-9. [PMID: 11427597 PMCID: PMC88213 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.39.7.2687-2689.2001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The introduction of nucleic acid amplification assays into the clinical laboratory has reduced the time needed to diagnose diseases caused by members of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC). However, several mycobacterial species other than those of the MTBC are known to cause disease, especially in immunocompromised individuals. A screening assay has been developed for the detection of the major pathogenic mycobacterial species. The assay utilizes pan-genus primers to amplify mycobacterial DNA and a screening probe (KY493) that detects all major pathogenic mycobacteria. A multicenter European study was conducted to assess the performance of the screening probe in the clinical laboratory. The screening probe was evaluated against individual probes specific for M. tuberculosis, M. avium, and M. intracellulare, a genus-specific probe with broader species coverage, and culture. The screening probe had a sensitivity equivalent to that of the species-specific probes; all specimens positive with any of the species-specific probes were also positive with the screening probes. Compared to culture, the sensitivity of the screening probe was 89% (154 of 173) for all culture-positive specimens tested. This value was 89.6% for the genus-specific probe. The screening probe was more specific than the genus-specific probe. Specificity was 93.9% (661 of 704) compared to culture results alone. The comparable specificity value for the genus-specific probe was 84.8%. When clinical data were taken into consideration, the sensitivity of the screening assay was similar to that of culture (81% versus 76.2%) but the positive predictive value of the test was lower (76.2% versus 100% for culture). However, the screening probe was more sensitive than smear and may be a useful tool in the rapid diagnosis of mycobacterial disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Emler
- Hopital Cantonal Universitaire de Geneve, Geneva, Switzerland
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Mieskes KT, Rüsch-Gerdes S, Truffot-Pernot C, Feldmann K, Tortoli E, Casal M, Löscher T, Rinder H. Rapid, simple, and culture-independent detection of rpsL codon 43 mutations that are highly predictive of streptomycin resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2001; 63:56-60. [PMID: 11357996 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.2000.63.56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The substitution of codon 43 in the gene rpsL is the single most common mutation found in streptomycin-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The characterization of this mutation has been hampered by the need for prior cultivation of the mycobacteria, the need for DNA sequencing, or both. In this report we describe a simple and culture-independent technique to detect this mutation directly from sputum samples, requiring little more than a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) machine and a simple agarose minigel. There is no need for labeled probes or DNA sequencing. In a preliminary test of feasibility, interpretable results were obtained from all of 16 smear-positive and 1 of 4 smear-negative, culture-positive samples. Two of two samples containing M. tuberculosis with rpsL codon 43 mutations were correctly identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- K T Mieskes
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Medizinische Klinik-Innenstadt, University of Munich, Germany
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Rinder H, Mieskes KT, Tortoli E, Richter E, Casal M, Vaquero M, Cambau E, Feldmann K, Löscher T. Detection of embB codon 306 mutations in ethambutol resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis directly from sputum samples: a low-cost, rapid approach. Mol Cell Probes 2001; 15:37-42. [PMID: 11162078 DOI: 10.1006/mcpr.2000.0339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Substitutions of codon 306 in the gene embB are the most common mutations found in ethambutol resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The characterization of these mutations has been hampered by the need for prior cultivation of the mycobacteria, or the need for DNA sequencing, or both. Here, we describe a simple and culture-independent technique to detect embB codon 306 mutations directly from sputum samples, requiring little more than a PCR machine and a simple agarose minigel. There is no need for labelled probes or DNA sequencing. In a preliminary test of feasibility, interpretable results were obtained from 21 of 24 selected sputum samples, 12 of which were determined to contain ethambutol resistant M. tuberculosis after culture. All of six samples with embB codon 306 mutations were correctly identified. Although an exact validation of this technique is beyond the scope of this technical report, we conclude from well-known embB codon 306 mutation prevalence figures that approximately one half of EMB resistant cases could already be predicted within 2 working days, with little equipment or hands-on time needed, instead of weeks required for conventional resistance testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Rinder
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, University of Munich, Leopoldstr.5, 80202 Munich, Germany.
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Rinder H, Dobner P, Feldmann K, Rifai M, Bretzel G, Rüsch-Gerdes S, Löscher T. Disequilibria in the distribution of rpoB alleles in rifampicin-resistant M. tuberculosis isolates from Germany and Sierra Leone. Microb Drug Resist 2000; 3:195-7. [PMID: 9185147 DOI: 10.1089/mdr.1997.3.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The effectiveness of culture-independent resistance predictions by molecular techniques is dependent on the number and the frequency of accessible resistance-associated genomic mutations. We have characterized an rpoB gene region involved in rifampicin resistance in 49 Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates resistant to rifampicin from Germany and Sierra Leone. The determined frequencies of mutations differed between both countries of origins as well as with respect to previously reported distributions of resistance mutations. It is concluded that at least for some isolates the acquisition of mutations leading to rifampicin resistance in clinical samples of M. tuberculosis is a non-random process which may lead to a geographical and temporal dependence of the sensitivities of molecular typing techniques for rifampicin resistance predictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Rinder
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, University of Munich, Germany
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Rinder H, Feldmann K, Tortoli E, Grosset J, Casal M, Richter E, Rifai M, Jarlier V, Vaquero M, Rüsch-Gerdes S, Cambau E, Gutierrez J, Löscher T. Culture-independent prediction of isoniazid resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis by katG gene analysis directly from sputum samples. Mol Diagn 1999; 4:145-52. [PMID: 10462629 DOI: 10.1016/s1084-8592(99)80038-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The molecular prediction of isoniazid (INH) resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis is hampered by the need for specialized equipment, expertise, high costs, a limited range of detectable mutations, or several of these factors. The rationale for the study was to find a practical alternative and to demonstrate generally valid problems. METHODS AND RESULTS DNA extracted from decontaminated sputum pellets was used to amplify a 0.26 kb target sequence within the katG gene. Mutations of codon 315, frequently found in isoniazid-resistant isolates, could be discriminated in a simple agarose minigel format following an AciI digest of the nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) product. Within a panel of 22 sputum samples, INH resistance could be predicted in 5 of 10 samples containing isoniazid-resistant M. tuberculosis. The protocol is robust, requires little expertise and no specialized equipment, and provides the test results within 2 days. CONCLUSION The results show the feasibility to rapidly and easily detect mutations highly predictive of isoniazid resistance. Nevertheless, this, like any other molecular resistance prediction test, is affected by often neglected factors, including mutation prevalences, the phenomenon of heteroresistance, and a possible bias toward one's own method.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Rinder
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Klinikum Innenstadt, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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Grunwald K, Feldmann K, Melsheimer P, Rabe T, Neulen J, Runnebaum B. Aneuploidy in human granulosa lutein cells obtained from gonadotrophin-stimulated follicles and its relation to intrafollicular hormone concentrations. Hum Reprod 1998; 13:2679-87. [PMID: 9804213 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/13.10.2679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Proliferation of granulosa cells is inversely related to differentiation and hormone production. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the intrafollicular and serum steroid concentrations and to compare these results to granulosa cell proliferation as measured by DNA flow cytometry. Human granulosa lutein cells in follicular fluid of in-vitro fertilization (IVF) patients were investigated with regard to ploidy, percentage of S-phase cells and proliferation index (PI: percentage of cells in the S- and G2/M-phase). The study was originally designed to indicate an additional marker for the outcome of IVF treatment by DNA flow cytometric measurements of granulosa lutein cells. Follicular fluids of 160 follicles (45 patients) were evaluated; 45.6% (n = 73) of the follicles showed aneuploid granulosa lutein cells and 5.6% (n = 9) of the follicles contained multiploid granulosa cells, defined as at least two aneuploid populations of cells with different DNA indices. A total of 48.8% (n = 78) of the follicles had only diploid cells. Thus >50 % of the investigated follicles showed aneuploidy. In all, 73% (33 of 45) of patients had at least one follicle containing aneuploid granulosa lutein cells. The PI of the aneuploid cell populations significantly exceeded that of the diploid cell populations (median: aneuploid: 15.5; diploid: 7.4; P < 0.0001). The intrafollicular concentrations of testosterone, progesterone and dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEA-S) were significantly lower in follicles with aneuploid granulosa cell populations. Luteinizing hormone concentration was significantly higher in follicles with aneuploid granulosa cells. Intrafollicular concentrations of oestradiol, follicle stimulating hormone and the serum concentrations of all steroid hormones did not show any significant correlation to ploidy. Although aneuploidy has been reported for oocytes (in approximately 17% of the oocytes), no study, to our knowledge, has observed such a high incidence of aneuploidy in granulosa lutein cells after gonadotrophin stimulation. Except for aneuploidy found in tissues with some characteristics of neoplastic growth (colon adenoma, borderline tumours, endometriosis with atypic cells, etc.), it is unique for non-malignant human cells. The correlation with intrafollicular steroid concentrations points to a possible pathophysiological or physiological relevance of these findings. However, it was impossible to correlate the outcome of IVF with DNA flow cytometry results.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Grunwald
- Department of Gynaecological Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Germany
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Rinder H, Thomschke A, Rüsch-Gerdes S, Bretzel G, Feldmann K, Rifai M, Löscher T. Significance of ahpC Promoter Mutations for the Prediction of Isoniazid Resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 1998. [DOI: 10.1007/s100960050116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Rinder H, Thomschke A, Rüsch-Gerdes S, Bretzel G, Feldmann K, Rifai M, Löscher T. Significance of ahpC promoter mutations for the prediction of isoniazid resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 1998; 17:508-11. [PMID: 9764555 DOI: 10.1007/bf01691135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
To determine the value of ahpC promoter mutations for the rapid prediction of isoniazid resistance, this genomic region was characterized in 50 isoniazid-resistant and 12 isoniazid-sensitive Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates. Of the resistant isolates, 12 had ahpC promoter mutations, but only one possessed both an ahpC promoter mutation and a katG codon 315 substitution, although the latter was found in the majority (54%) of the isoniazid-resistant isolates investigated. This investigation presents empirical evidence that the central portion of the ahpC promoter is the most valuable genetic locus to complement katG codon 315 characterizations in order to increase the sensitivity of molecular tests for the prediction of isoniazid resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Rinder
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Klinikum Innenstadt, University of Munich, Germany
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Reischl U, Feldmann K, Naumann L, Gaugler BJ, Ninet B, Hirschel B, Emler S. 16S rRNA sequence diversity in Mycobacterium celatum strains caused by presence of two different copies of 16S rRNA gene. J Clin Microbiol 1998; 36:1761-4. [PMID: 9620415 PMCID: PMC104915 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.36.6.1761-1764.1998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Direct sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene (16S rDNA) of Mycobacterium celatum isolates showed ambiguities, suggesting heterogeneity. Cloned 16S rDNA yielded two copies of the gene, which differed by insertion of a thymine at position 214 and by additional mismatches. Restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis confirmed the presence of two copies of 16S rDNA within the bacterial chromosome.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Reischl
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Regensburg, Germany
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Dobner P, Rüsch-Gerdes S, Bretzel G, Feldmann K, Rifai M, Löscher T, Rinder H. Usefulness of Mycobacterium tuberculosis genomic mutations in the genes katG and inhA for the prediction of isoniazid resistance. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 1997; 1:365-9. [PMID: 9432394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
SETTING Mutations in two genes of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, inhA and katG, are known to correlate with resistance to isoniazid (INH). OBJECTIVE To determine which mutation or mutations are the most predictive for INH resistance and the most frequent ones in such isolates. Further, to propose a simple and generally applicable method for their detection. DESIGN Codons 94 and 95 in the inhA gene and codons 315 and 463 in the katG gene were characterized in 50 INH-resistant and 12 INH-sensitive isolates from Germany and Sierra Leone. RESULTS Mutations in codon 315 of the katG gene were detected in 27 of the INH-resistant and none of the INH-sensitive isolates. All mutations in this codon altered an AciI restriction enzyme site. No mutations were found in the investigated codons of the inhA gene. CONCLUSION We propose that most INH resistances can be rapidly predicted by a simple AciI restriction enzyme digest of a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-amplified katG fragment.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Dobner
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, University of Munich, Germany
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Oppenheimer DG, Pollock MA, Vacik J, Szymanski DB, Ericson B, Feldmann K, Marks MD. Essential role of a kinesin-like protein in Arabidopsis trichome morphogenesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1997; 94:6261-6. [PMID: 9177205 PMCID: PMC21037 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.94.12.6261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Little is known about how cell shape is controlled. We are using the morphogenesis of trichomes (plant hairs) on the plant Arabidopsis thaliana as a model to study how cell shape is controlled. Wild-type Arabidopsis trichomes are large, single epidermal cells with a stalk and three or four branches, whereas in zwichel (zwi) mutants the trichomes have a shortened stalk and only two branches. To further understand the role of the ZWI gene in trichome morphogenesis we have cloned the wild-type ZWICHEL (ZWI) gene by T-DNA tagging, and report here that it encodes a member of the kinesin superfamily of microtubule motor proteins. Kinesin proteins transport diverse cellular materials in a directional manner along microtubules. Kinesin-like proteins are characterized by a highly conserved "head" region that comprises the motor domain, and a nonconserved "tail" region that is thought to participate in recognition and binding of the appropriate cargo.
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Affiliation(s)
- D G Oppenheimer
- Department of Biological Sciences, 301 Biology, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487-0344, USA.
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Grunwald K, Feldmann K, Melsheimer P, Rabe T, Neulen J, Runnebaum B. O-172. Aneuploidy in human granulosa-lutein cells from gonadotrophin-stimulated follicles and their relationship to intrafollicular hormone concentrations. Hum Reprod 1997. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/12.suppl_2.84] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Feldmann K, Rehberger S, Grunwald K, Rabe T, Fersis N, Runnebaum B. O-212. Inhibition of 5α-reductase activity in human skin by synthetic steroid hormones. Hum Reprod 1997. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/12.suppl_2.105-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Dobner P, Bretzel G, Rüsch-Gerdes S, Feldmann K, Rifai M, Löscher T, Rinder H. Geographic variation of the predictive values of genomic mutations associated with streptomycin resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Mol Cell Probes 1997; 11:123-6. [PMID: 9160326 DOI: 10.1006/mcpr.1996.0086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Specific mutations associated with resistance to streptomycin (SM) in Mycobacterium tuberculosis suggest themselves for its rapid prediction. However, as with any diagnostic test, their predictive values are dependent on their prevalences. In this report, SM resistance associated mutations in the rrs and rpsL genes of 25 SM resistant isolates from Germany and 25 SM resistant isolates from Sierra Leone were characterized and compared. Mutations in the rrs gene were infrequent in isolates from both localities (20% and 12%, respectively) and thus of limited predictive values. In contrast, rpsL mutations were found in 48% of the German isolates but only in 24% of the isolates from Sierra Leone. It is concluded that the predictive values of mutations in this gene may vary significantly with the origin of the samples under investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Dobner
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, University of Munich, Germany
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Melsheimer P, Grunwald K, Feldmann K, Rabe T, Runnebaum B, Rummel HH. Aneuploidy of human granulosa cells in follicular fluids from in vitro fertilization patients. Anal Quant Cytol Histol 1997; 19:75-79. [PMID: 9051189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To study the proliferative behavior of granulosa cells found in follicular fluids from patients after hormone stimulation in the framework of in vitro fertilization (IVF) with gonadotropins. STUDY DESIGN The deoxyribonucleic acid ploidy and the proliferation indices of granulosa cells in fresh and unfixed follicles (n = 119) from gonadotropin-stimulated patients (n = 32) were analyzed by flow cytometry. RESULTS Aneuploid cells were found in a large number of follicles (65/119) as well as patients (25/32). A small number of follicles (8/119) and patients (7/32) contained multiploid cells. There was no correlation between proliferation indices and ploidy. Granulosa cells were the predominant cells in follicular fluids. No malignant cells were found in any case. CONCLUSION This is the first report concerning the high incidence rate of aneuploidy in ovarian granulosa cells in IVF patients. The clinical relevance of the phenomenon is not clear. There should be further study to determine whether there is any link to a previously discussed possible relation between gonadotropin stimulation in women attempting to become pregnant and the occurrence of ovarian cancer or granulosa cell tumors. Of further interest might be a possible relation between ploidy and proliferation indices of stimulated granulosa cells as well as side effects of gonadotropin therapy and biologic parameters, like maturity, fertilizability of oocytes and rates of pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Melsheimer
- Department of Gynecological Morphology, Universität-Frauenklinik, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität, Heidelberg, Germany
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Scholer A, Boecker J, Engelmayer U, Feldmann K, Hannak D, Kattermann R, Oellerich M, Raith H, Schlebusch H, Wieland H, Willems D, Jarausch J, Domke I. Comparability of a new turbidimetric digoxin test with other immunochemical tests and with HPLC--a multicenter evaluation. Clin Chem 1997; 43:92-9. [PMID: 8990228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
A new turbidimetric inhibition immunoassay for digoxin (Tina-quant [a] Digoxin, Boehringer Mannheim) was evaluated in seven laboratories. It can be performed without sample pretreatment with ready-to-use reagents on nondedicated analyzers in combination with routine clinical chemistry. The studies revealed a good analytical performance: lower limit of detection 0.12 microg/L (3 SD from mean of blank); linearity up to 7.5 microg/L; median between-run CVs 8.1% (0.6 microg/L), 2.8% (1.5 microg/L), 1.9% (3 microg/L); mean analytical recovery in control sera 98-102%; slopes from 0.97 to 1.09 and intercepts from -0.28 to 0.10 microg/L in comparison with four immunoassays; and a high resistance to common interferents. The test was more resistant to digoxin-like immunoreactive factor (DLIF) interference than other methods, showing cross-reactivity only in some intensive care patient samples. Among 192 patients in whom DLIF is expected (e.g., pregnant women, patients with renal failure, newborns), 90% of results were < or =0.26 microg/L digoxin. Cortisol showed no cross-reactivity and digoxigenin had a low reactivity. An interlaboratory survey revealed a good comparability of the Tina-quant [a] test with the median of all methods (slope 0.99, intercept -0.06 microg/L). An HPLC method for digoxin based on isocratic separation of samples on an RP-18 column followed by detection by an immunoassay yielded a reasonable comparability with the immunochemical tests with noncritical samples. Divergent results of immunoassays caused by DLIFs or different cross-reactivities with digoxin metabolites or derivatives can be explained by the use of this HPLC method.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Scholer
- Klinisch-Chemisches Laboratorium, Kantonsspital Basel, Switzerland.
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