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Cui G, Abe S, Kato R, Ikuta K. Insights into the heterogeneity of iNKT cells: tissue-resident and circulating subsets shaped by local microenvironmental cues. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1349184. [PMID: 38440725 PMCID: PMC10910067 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1349184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells are a distinct subpopulation of innate-like T lymphocytes. They are characterized by semi-invariant T cell receptors (TCRs) that recognize both self and foreign lipid antigens presented by CD1d, a non-polymorphic MHC class I-like molecule. iNKT cells play a critical role in stimulating innate and adaptive immune responses, providing an effective defense against infections and cancers, while also contributing to chronic inflammation. The functions of iNKT cells are specific to their location, ranging from lymphoid to non-lymphoid tissues, such as the thymus, lung, liver, intestine, and adipose tissue. This review aims to provide insights into the heterogeneity of development and function in iNKT cells. First, we will review the expression of master transcription factors that define subsets of iNKT cells and their production of effector molecules such as cytokines and granzymes. In this article, we describe the gene expression profiles contributing to the kinetics, distribution, and cytotoxicity of iNKT cells across different tissue types. We also review the impact of cytokine production in distinct immune microenvironments on iNKT cell heterogeneity, highlighting a recently identified circulating iNKT cell subset. Additionally, we explore the potential of exploiting iNKT cell heterogeneity to create potent immunotherapies for human cancers in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangwei Cui
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shinya Abe
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ryoma Kato
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Koichi Ikuta
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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2
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Ikuta K, Asahi T, Cui G, Abe S, Takami D. Control of the Development, Distribution, and Function of Innate-Like Lymphocytes and Innate Lymphoid Cells by the Tissue Microenvironment. Adv Exp Med Biol 2024; 1444:111-127. [PMID: 38467976 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-99-9781-7_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Recently, considerable attention has been directed toward innate-like T cells (ITCs) and innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) owing to their indispensable contributions to immune responses, tissue homeostasis, and inflammation. Innate-like T cells include NKT cells, MAIT cells, and γδ T cells, whereas ILCs include NK cells, type 1 ILCs (ILC1s), type 2 ILCs (ILC2s), and type 3 ILCs (ILC3s). Many of these ITCs and ILCs are distributed to specific tissues and remain tissue-resident, while others, such as NK cells and some γδ T cells, circulate through the bloodstream. Nevertheless, recent research has shed light on novel subsets of innate immune cells that exhibit characteristics intermediate between tissue-resident and circulating states under normal and pathological conditions. The local microenvironment frequently influences the development, distribution, and function of these innate immune cells. This review aims to consolidate the current knowledge on the functional heterogeneity of ITCs and ILCs, shaped by local environmental cues, with particular emphasis on IL-15, which governs the activities of the innate immune cells involved in type 1 immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Ikuta
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Takuma Asahi
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Guangwei Cui
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shinya Abe
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Daichi Takami
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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3
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Takami D, Abe S, Shimba A, Asahi T, Cui G, Tani-Ichi S, Hara T, Miyata K, Ikutani M, Takatsu K, Oike Y, Ikuta K. Lung group 2 innate lymphoid cells differentially depend on local IL-7 for their distribution, activation, and maintenance in innate and adaptive immunity-mediated airway inflammation. Int Immunol 2023; 35:513-530. [PMID: 37493250 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxad029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-7 (IL-7) is a cytokine critical for the development and maintenance of group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s). ILC2s are resident in peripheral tissues such as the intestine and lung. However, whether IL-7 produced in the lung plays a role in the maintenance and function of lung ILC2s during airway inflammation remains unknown. IL-7 was expressed in bronchoalveolar epithelial cells and lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs). To investigate the role of local IL-7 in lung ILC2s, we generated two types of IL-7 conditional knockout (IL-7cKO) mice: Sftpc-Cre (SPC-Cre) IL-7cKO mice specific for bronchial epithelial cells and type 2 alveolar epithelial cells and Lyve1-Cre IL-7cKO mice specific for LECs. In steady state, ILC2s were located near airway epithelia, although lung ILC2s were unchanged in the two lines of IL-7cKO mice. In papain-induced airway inflammation dependent on innate immunity, lung ILC2s localized near bronchia via CCR4 expression, and eosinophil infiltration and type 2 cytokine production were reduced in SPC-Cre IL-7cKO mice. In contrast, in house dust mite (HDM)-induced airway inflammation dependent on adaptive immunity, lung ILC2s localized near lymphatic vessels via their CCR2 expression 2 weeks after the last challenge. Furthermore, lung ILC2s were decreased in Lyve1-Cre IL-7cKO mice in the HDM-induced inflammation because of decreased cell survival and proliferation. Finally, administration of anti-IL-7 antibody attenuated papain-induced inflammation by suppressing the activation of ILC2s. Thus, this study demonstrates that IL-7 produced by bronchoalveolar epithelial cells and LECs differentially controls the activation and maintenance of lung ILC2s, where they are localized in airway inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daichi Takami
- Department of Virus Research, Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Shinya Abe
- Department of Virus Research, Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Akihiro Shimba
- Department of Virus Research, Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
- Department of Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Takuma Asahi
- Department of Virus Research, Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
- Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Guangwei Cui
- Department of Virus Research, Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Shizue Tani-Ichi
- Department of Virus Research, Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
- Department of Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Takahiro Hara
- Department of Virus Research, Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Keishi Miyata
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Masashi Ikutani
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8511, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Takatsu
- Toyama Prefectural Institute for Pharmaceutical Research, Toyama 930-8501, Japan
| | - Yuichi Oike
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Koichi Ikuta
- Department of Virus Research, Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
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4
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Luque R, Osborn HP, Leleu A, Pallé E, Bonfanti A, Barragán O, Wilson TG, Broeg C, Cameron AC, Lendl M, Maxted PFL, Alibert Y, Gandolfi D, Delisle JB, Hooton MJ, Egger JA, Nowak G, Lafarga M, Rapetti D, Twicken JD, Morales JC, Carleo I, Orell-Miquel J, Adibekyan V, Alonso R, Alqasim A, Amado PJ, Anderson DR, Anglada-Escudé G, Bandy T, Bárczy T, Barrado Navascues D, Barros SCC, Baumjohann W, Bayliss D, Bean JL, Beck M, Beck T, Benz W, Billot N, Bonfils X, Borsato L, Boyle AW, Brandeker A, Bryant EM, Cabrera J, Carrazco-Gaxiola S, Charbonneau D, Charnoz S, Ciardi DR, Cochran WD, Collins KA, Crossfield IJM, Csizmadia S, Cubillos PE, Dai F, Davies MB, Deeg HJ, Deleuil M, Deline A, Delrez L, Demangeon ODS, Demory BO, Ehrenreich D, Erikson A, Esparza-Borges E, Falk B, Fortier A, Fossati L, Fridlund M, Fukui A, Garcia-Mejia J, Gill S, Gillon M, Goffo E, Gómez Maqueo Chew Y, Güdel M, Guenther EW, Günther MN, Hatzes AP, Helling C, Hesse KM, Howell SB, Hoyer S, Ikuta K, Isaak KG, Jenkins JM, Kagetani T, Kiss LL, Kodama T, Korth J, Lam KWF, Laskar J, Latham DW, Lecavelier des Etangs A, Leon JPD, Livingston JH, Magrin D, Matson RA, Matthews EC, Mordasini C, Mori M, Moyano M, Munari M, Murgas F, Narita N, Nascimbeni V, Olofsson G, Osborne HLM, Ottensamer R, Pagano I, Parviainen H, Peter G, Piotto G, Pollacco D, Queloz D, Quinn SN, Quirrenbach A, Ragazzoni R, Rando N, Ratti F, Rauer H, Redfield S, Ribas I, Ricker GR, Rudat A, Sabin L, Salmon S, Santos NC, Scandariato G, Schanche N, Schlieder JE, Seager S, Ségransan D, Shporer A, Simon AE, Smith AMS, Sousa SG, Stalport M, Szabó GM, Thomas N, Tuson A, Udry S, Vanderburg AM, Van Eylen V, Van Grootel V, Venturini J, Walter I, Walton NA, Watanabe N, Winn JN, Zingales T. A resonant sextuplet of sub-Neptunes transiting the bright star HD 110067. Nature 2023; 623:932-937. [PMID: 38030780 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06692-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Planets with radii between that of the Earth and Neptune (hereafter referred to as 'sub-Neptunes') are found in close-in orbits around more than half of all Sun-like stars1,2. However, their composition, formation and evolution remain poorly understood3. The study of multiplanetary systems offers an opportunity to investigate the outcomes of planet formation and evolution while controlling for initial conditions and environment. Those in resonance (with their orbital periods related by a ratio of small integers) are particularly valuable because they imply a system architecture practically unchanged since its birth. Here we present the observations of six transiting planets around the bright nearby star HD 110067. We find that the planets follow a chain of resonant orbits. A dynamical study of the innermost planet triplet allowed the prediction and later confirmation of the orbits of the rest of the planets in the system. The six planets are found to be sub-Neptunes with radii ranging from 1.94R⊕ to 2.85R⊕. Three of the planets have measured masses, yielding low bulk densities that suggest the presence of large hydrogen-dominated atmospheres.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Luque
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - H P Osborn
- Space Research and Planetary Sciences, Physics Institute, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - A Leleu
- Space Research and Planetary Sciences, Physics Institute, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Observatoire Astronomique de l'Université de Genève, Versoix, Switzerland
| | - E Pallé
- Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
- Departamento de Astrofisica, Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - A Bonfanti
- Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Graz, Austria
| | - O Barragán
- Sub-department of Astrophysics, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - T G Wilson
- Centre for Exoplanet Science, SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
- Centre for Exoplanets and Habitability, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - C Broeg
- Space Research and Planetary Sciences, Physics Institute, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Center for Space and Habitability, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - A Collier Cameron
- Centre for Exoplanet Science, SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK
| | - M Lendl
- Observatoire Astronomique de l'Université de Genève, Versoix, Switzerland
| | - P F L Maxted
- Astrophysics Group, Lennard Jones Building, Keele University, Keele, UK
| | - Y Alibert
- Space Research and Planetary Sciences, Physics Institute, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Center for Space and Habitability, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - D Gandolfi
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita degli Studi di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - J-B Delisle
- Observatoire Astronomique de l'Université de Genève, Versoix, Switzerland
| | - M J Hooton
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - J A Egger
- Space Research and Planetary Sciences, Physics Institute, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - G Nowak
- Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
- Departamento de Astrofisica, Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
- Institute of Astronomy, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland
| | - M Lafarga
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
- Centre for Exoplanets and Habitability, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - D Rapetti
- NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA
- Research Institute for Advanced Computer Science, Universities Space Research Association, Washington, DC, USA
| | - J D Twicken
- NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA
- SETI Institute, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - J C Morales
- Institut de Ciencies de l'Espai (ICE-CSIC), Bellaterra, Spain
- Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - I Carleo
- Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
- INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino, Pino Torinese, Italy
| | - J Orell-Miquel
- Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
- Departamento de Astrofisica, Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - V Adibekyan
- Instituto de Astrofísica e Ciências do Espaço, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Departamento de Física e Astronomia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - R Alonso
- Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
- Departamento de Astrofisica, Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - A Alqasim
- Mullard Space Science Laboratory, University College London, Dorking, UK
| | - P J Amado
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (IAA-CSIC), Granada, Spain
| | - D R Anderson
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
- Centre for Exoplanets and Habitability, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - G Anglada-Escudé
- Institut de Ciencies de l'Espai (ICE-CSIC), Bellaterra, Spain
- Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - T Bandy
- European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC), European Space Agency (ESA), Noordwijk, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - S C C Barros
- Instituto de Astrofisica e Ciencias do Espaco, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Departamento de Fisica e Astronomia, Faculdade de Ciencias, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - W Baumjohann
- Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Graz, Austria
| | - D Bayliss
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - J L Bean
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - M Beck
- Observatoire Astronomique de l'Université de Genève, Versoix, Switzerland
| | - T Beck
- Space Research and Planetary Sciences, Physics Institute, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - W Benz
- Space Research and Planetary Sciences, Physics Institute, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Center for Space and Habitability, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - N Billot
- Observatoire Astronomique de l'Université de Genève, Versoix, Switzerland
| | - X Bonfils
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IPAG, Grenoble, France
| | - L Borsato
- INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - A W Boyle
- Department of Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - A Brandeker
- Department of Astronomy, Stockholm University, AlbaNova University Center, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - E M Bryant
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
- Mullard Space Science Laboratory, University College London, Dorking, UK
| | - J Cabrera
- Institute of Planetary Research, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Berlin, Germany
| | - S Carrazco-Gaxiola
- Instituto de Astronomía, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- RECONS Institute, Chambersburg, PA, USA
| | - D Charbonneau
- Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - S Charnoz
- Université de Paris Cité, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - D R Ciardi
- Department of Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - W D Cochran
- McDonald Observatory, The University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA
- Center for Planetary Systems Habitability, The University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA
| | - K A Collins
- Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - I J M Crossfield
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - Sz Csizmadia
- Institute of Planetary Research, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Berlin, Germany
| | - P E Cubillos
- Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Graz, Austria
- INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino, Pino Torinese, Italy
| | - F Dai
- Department of Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
- Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - M B Davies
- Centre for Mathematical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - H J Deeg
- Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
- Departamento de Astrofisica, Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - M Deleuil
- Aix Marseille Univ., CNRS, CNES, LAM, Marseille, France
| | - A Deline
- Observatoire Astronomique de l'Université de Genève, Versoix, Switzerland
| | - L Delrez
- Astrobiology Research Unit, Université de Liège, Liège, Belgium
- Space sciences, Technologies and Astrophysics Research (STAR) Institute, Université de Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - O D S Demangeon
- Instituto de Astrofisica e Ciencias do Espaco, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Departamento de Fisica e Astronomia, Faculdade de Ciencias, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - B-O Demory
- Space Research and Planetary Sciences, Physics Institute, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Center for Space and Habitability, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - D Ehrenreich
- Observatoire Astronomique de l'Université de Genève, Versoix, Switzerland
- Centre Vie dans l'Univers, Faculté des sciences, Université de Genève, Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - A Erikson
- Institute of Planetary Research, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Berlin, Germany
| | - E Esparza-Borges
- Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
- Departamento de Astrofisica, Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - B Falk
- Space Telescope Science Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - A Fortier
- Space Research and Planetary Sciences, Physics Institute, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Center for Space and Habitability, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - L Fossati
- Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Graz, Austria
| | - M Fridlund
- Leiden Observatory, University of Leiden, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Onsala Space Observatory, Department of Space, Earth and Environment, Chalmers University of Technology, Onsala, Sweden
| | - A Fukui
- Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
- Komaba Institute for Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - J Garcia-Mejia
- Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - S Gill
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - M Gillon
- Astrobiology Research Unit, Université de Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - E Goffo
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita degli Studi di Torino, Torino, Italy
- Thüringer Landessternwarte Tautenburg, Tautenburg, Germany
| | - Y Gómez Maqueo Chew
- Instituto de Astronomía, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - M Güdel
- Department of Astrophysics, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - E W Guenther
- Thüringer Landessternwarte Tautenburg, Tautenburg, Germany
| | - M N Günther
- European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC), European Space Agency (ESA), Noordwijk, The Netherlands
| | - A P Hatzes
- Thüringer Landessternwarte Tautenburg, Tautenburg, Germany
| | - Ch Helling
- Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Graz, Austria
| | - K M Hesse
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - S B Howell
- NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA
| | - S Hoyer
- Aix Marseille Univ., CNRS, CNES, LAM, Marseille, France
| | - K Ikuta
- Department of Multi-Disciplinary Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K G Isaak
- European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC), European Space Agency (ESA), Noordwijk, The Netherlands
| | - J M Jenkins
- NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA
| | - T Kagetani
- Department of Multi-Disciplinary Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - L L Kiss
- Konkoly Observatory, HUN-REN Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
- Institute of Physics, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - T Kodama
- Komaba Institute for Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - J Korth
- Lund Observatory, Division of Astrophysics, Department of Physics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - K W F Lam
- Institute of Planetary Research, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Berlin, Germany
| | - J Laskar
- IMCCE, UMR8028 CNRS, Observatoire de Paris, PSL Univ., Sorbonne Univ., Paris, France
| | - D W Latham
- Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - A Lecavelier des Etangs
- Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris, UMR7095 CNRS, Université Pierre & Marie Curie, Paris, France
| | - J P D Leon
- Department of Multi-Disciplinary Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - J H Livingston
- Astrobiology Center, Tokyo, Japan
- National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Astronomical Science, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, SOKENDAI, Tokyo, Japan
| | - D Magrin
- INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - R A Matson
- United States Naval Observatory, Washington, DC, USA
| | - E C Matthews
- Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - C Mordasini
- Space Research and Planetary Sciences, Physics Institute, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Center for Space and Habitability, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - M Mori
- Department of Multi-Disciplinary Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Moyano
- Instituto de Astronomía, Universidad Católica del Norte, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - M Munari
- INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - F Murgas
- Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
- Departamento de Astrofisica, Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - N Narita
- Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
- Komaba Institute for Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Astrobiology Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - V Nascimbeni
- INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - G Olofsson
- Department of Astronomy, Stockholm University, AlbaNova University Center, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - H L M Osborne
- Mullard Space Science Laboratory, University College London, Dorking, UK
| | - R Ottensamer
- Department of Astrophysics, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - I Pagano
- INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - H Parviainen
- Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
- Departamento de Astrofisica, Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - G Peter
- Institute of Optical Sensor Systems, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Berlin, Germany
| | - G Piotto
- INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova, Padova, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia "Galileo Galilei", Universita degli Studi di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - D Pollacco
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - D Queloz
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Physics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - S N Quinn
- Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - A Quirrenbach
- Landessternwarte, Zentrum für Astronomie der Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - R Ragazzoni
- INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova, Padova, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia "Galileo Galilei", Universita degli Studi di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - N Rando
- European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC), European Space Agency (ESA), Noordwijk, The Netherlands
| | - F Ratti
- European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC), European Space Agency (ESA), Noordwijk, The Netherlands
| | - H Rauer
- Institute of Planetary Research, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Berlin, Germany
- Zentrum für Astronomie und Astrophysik, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Institut für Geologische Wissenschaften, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - S Redfield
- Astronomy Department, Wesleyan University, Middletown, CT, USA
- Van Vleck Observatory, Wesleyan University, Middletown, CT, USA
| | - I Ribas
- Institut de Ciencies de l'Espai (ICE-CSIC), Bellaterra, Spain
- Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - G R Ricker
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - A Rudat
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - L Sabin
- Instituto de Astronomía, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ensenada, Mexico
| | - S Salmon
- Observatoire Astronomique de l'Université de Genève, Versoix, Switzerland
| | - N C Santos
- Instituto de Astrofisica e Ciencias do Espaco, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Departamento de Fisica e Astronomia, Faculdade de Ciencias, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - G Scandariato
- INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - N Schanche
- Center for Space and Habitability, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - J E Schlieder
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
| | - S Seager
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - D Ségransan
- Observatoire Astronomique de l'Université de Genève, Versoix, Switzerland
| | - A Shporer
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - A E Simon
- Space Research and Planetary Sciences, Physics Institute, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - A M S Smith
- Institute of Planetary Research, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Berlin, Germany
| | - S G Sousa
- Instituto de Astrofisica e Ciencias do Espaco, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - M Stalport
- Space sciences, Technologies and Astrophysics Research (STAR) Institute, Université de Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Gy M Szabó
- Gothard Astrophysical Observatory, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Szombathely, Hungary
- HUN-REN-ELTE Exoplanet Research Group, Szombathely, Hungary
| | - N Thomas
- Space Research and Planetary Sciences, Physics Institute, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - A Tuson
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - S Udry
- Observatoire Astronomique de l'Université de Genève, Versoix, Switzerland
| | - A M Vanderburg
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - V Van Eylen
- Mullard Space Science Laboratory, University College London, Dorking, UK
| | - V Van Grootel
- Space sciences, Technologies and Astrophysics Research (STAR) Institute, Université de Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - J Venturini
- Observatoire Astronomique de l'Université de Genève, Versoix, Switzerland
| | - I Walter
- Institute of Optical Sensor Systems, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Berlin, Germany
| | - N A Walton
- Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - N Watanabe
- Department of Multi-Disciplinary Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - J N Winn
- Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - T Zingales
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia "Galileo Galilei", Universita degli Studi di Padova, Padova, Italy
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5
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Hagiwara H, Nakayama T, Hashimoto H, Kusumoto S, Fukuta H, Kamiya T, Ikuta K, Iida S. Risk factors associated with overall survival in patients with multiple myeloma following carfilzomib treatment: A retrospective study from a large claims database in Japan. Cancer Med 2023; 12:19361-19371. [PMID: 37750384 PMCID: PMC10587963 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carfilzomib is a selective proteasome inhibitor approved for treating relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM). Carfilzomib improves overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS); however, treatment with carfilzomib results in a higher incidence of cardiovascular and renal toxicity. More than 70% of patients with RRMM in clinical practice do not meet the eligibility criteria for randomized clinical trials (RCT). OS and PFS are negatively influenced by complications, concomitant medications and prior treatments. Therefore, we assessed the risk factors influencing the OS and time to next treatment (TTNT) in the real world. TTNT has emerged as a relevant alternative clinical endpoint to PFS. METHODS A retrospective analysis of a large claims database prepared during the post-marketing stages in Japan was performed. The patients treated with carfilzomib for the first time were identified. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was performed to evaluate the risk factors influencing OS and TTNT following carfilzomib treatment. RESULTS A total of 732 patients with RRMM who received carfilzomib-containing chemotherapy between April 2014 and September 2021 were identified. Multivariable Cox regression analysis for OS and TTNT showed a significantly higher hazard ratio (HR) of 1.48 (95% confidence interval [Cl]: 1.10-2.00; p = 0.010) and 1.38 (95% Cl: 1.15-1.65; p < 0.001), respectively, for patients with renal impairment compared to those without renal impairment. Multivariable Cox regression analysis for OS and TTNT showed a significantly higher HR of 1.80 (95% Cl: 1.27-2.55; p = 0.0010) and 1.38 (95% Cl: 1.14-1.66; p < 0.001), respectively, for patients with prior lenalidomide treatment compared to those without prior lenalidomide treatment. CONCLUSION Complication of renal impairment and prior lenalidomide treatment could be risk factors influencing OS and TTNT during carfilzomib treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromi Hagiwara
- Department of Medical InnovationNagoya City University Graduate School of Medical SciencesNagoyaJapan
| | - Takafumi Nakayama
- Department of CardiologyNagoya City University Graduate School of Medical SciencesNagoyaJapan
| | - Hiroya Hashimoto
- Department of Clinical Research Management CenterNagoya City University HospitalNagoyaJapan
| | - Shigeru Kusumoto
- Department of Hematology and OncologyNagoya City University Graduate School of Medical SciencesNagoyaJapan
| | - Hidekatsu Fukuta
- Department of Clinical Research Management CenterNagoya City University HospitalNagoyaJapan
| | - Takeshi Kamiya
- Department of Clinical Research Management CenterNagoya City University HospitalNagoyaJapan
| | - Koichi Ikuta
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical SciencesKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Shinsuke Iida
- Department of Hematology and OncologyNagoya City University Graduate School of Medical SciencesNagoyaJapan
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6
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Abe S, Asahi T, Hara T, Cui G, Shimba A, Tani-Ichi S, Yamada K, Miyazaki K, Miyachi H, Kitano S, Nakamura N, Kikuta J, Vandenbon A, Miyazaki M, Yamada R, Ohteki T, Ishii M, Sexl V, Nagasawa T, Ikuta K. Hematopoietic cell-derived IL-15 supports NK cell development in scattered and clustered localization within the bone marrow. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113127. [PMID: 37729919 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are innate immune cells critical for protective immune responses against infection and cancer. Although NK cells differentiate in the bone marrow (BM) in an interleukin-15 (IL-15)-dependent manner, the cellular source of IL-15 remains elusive. Using NK cell reporter mice, we show that NK cells are localized in the BM in scattered and clustered manners. NK cell clusters overlap with monocyte and dendritic cell accumulations, whereas scattered NK cells require CXCR4 signaling. Using cell-specific IL-15-deficient mice, we show that hematopoietic cells, but not stromal cells, support NK cell development in the BM through IL-15. In particular, IL-15 produced by monocytes and dendritic cells appears to contribute to NK cell development. These results demonstrate that hematopoietic cells are the IL-15 niche for NK cell development in the BM and that BM NK cells are present in scattered and clustered compartments by different mechanisms, suggesting their distinct functions in the immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinya Abe
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan; Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Takuma Asahi
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan; Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Takahiro Hara
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Guangwei Cui
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Akihiro Shimba
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan; Department of Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Shizue Tani-Ichi
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan; Department of Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Kohei Yamada
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan; Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Kazuko Miyazaki
- Laboratory of Immunology, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Miyachi
- Reproductive Engineering Team, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Satsuki Kitano
- Reproductive Engineering Team, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Naotoshi Nakamura
- Interdisciplinary Biology Laboratory (iBLab), Division of Natural Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Junichi Kikuta
- Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine and Frontier Biosciences, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Alexis Vandenbon
- Laboratory of Tissue Homeostasis, Department of Biosystems Science, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Masaki Miyazaki
- Laboratory of Immunology, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Ryo Yamada
- Statistical Genetics, Center for Genomic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Ohteki
- Department of Biodefense Research, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Masaru Ishii
- Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine and Frontier Biosciences, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Veronika Sexl
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department for Biomedical Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - Takashi Nagasawa
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Developmental Immunology, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences and Graduate School of Medicine, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Koichi Ikuta
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
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7
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Cui G, Shimba A, Jin J, Hojo N, Asahi T, Abe S, Ejima A, Okada S, Ohira K, Kato R, Tani-ichi S, Yamada R, Ebihara T, Shiroguchi K, Ikuta K. CD45 alleviates airway inflammation and lung fibrosis by limiting expansion and activation of ILC2s. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2215941120. [PMID: 37639581 PMCID: PMC10483638 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2215941120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) are critical for the immune response against parasite infection and tissue homeostasis and involved in the pathogenesis of allergy and inflammatory diseases. Although multiple molecules positively regulating ILC2 development and activation have been extensively investigated, the factors limiting their population size and response remain poorly studied. Here, we found that CD45, a membrane-bound tyrosine phosphatase essential for T cell development, negatively regulated ILC2s in a cell-intrinsic manner. ILC2s in CD45-deficient mice exhibited enhanced proliferation and maturation in the bone marrow and hyperactivated phenotypes in the lung with high glycolytic capacity. Furthermore, CD45 signaling suppressed the type 2 inflammatory response by lung ILC2s and alleviated airway inflammation and pulmonary fibrosis. Finally, the interaction with galectin-9 influenced CD45 signaling in ILC2s. These results demonstrate that CD45 is a cell-intrinsic negative regulator of ILC2s and prevents lung inflammation and fibrosis via ILC2s.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangwei Cui
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto606-8507, Japan
| | - Akihiro Shimba
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto606-8507, Japan
- Department of Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto606-8501, Japan
| | - Jianshi Jin
- Laboratory for Prediction of Cell Systems Dynamics, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Osaka565-0874, Japan
| | - Nozomi Hojo
- Laboratory for Prediction of Cell Systems Dynamics, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Osaka565-0874, Japan
| | - Takuma Asahi
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto606-8507, Japan
| | - Shinya Abe
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto606-8507, Japan
| | - Aki Ejima
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto606-8507, Japan
| | - Shinri Okada
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto606-8507, Japan
| | - Keizo Ohira
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto606-8507, Japan
| | - Ryoma Kato
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto606-8507, Japan
| | - Shizue Tani-ichi
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto606-8507, Japan
- Department of Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto606-8501, Japan
| | - Ryo Yamada
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto606-8501, Japan
| | - Takashi Ebihara
- Department of Medical Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Akita University, Akita010-8543, Japan
| | - Katsuyuki Shiroguchi
- Laboratory for Prediction of Cell Systems Dynamics, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Osaka565-0874, Japan
| | - Koichi Ikuta
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto606-8507, Japan
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8
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Asahi T, Abe S, Cui G, Shimba A, Nabekura T, Miyachi H, Kitano S, Ohira K, Dijkstra JM, Miyazaki M, Shibuya A, Ohno H, Ikuta K. Liver type 1 innate lymphoid cells lacking IL-7 receptor are a native killer cell subset fostered by parenchymal niches. eLife 2023; 12:e84209. [PMID: 37352115 DOI: 10.7554/elife.84209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Group 1 innate lymphoid cells (G1-ILCs), including circulating natural killer (NK) cells and tissue-resident type 1 ILCs (ILC1s), are innate immune sentinels critical for responses against infection and cancer. In contrast to relatively uniform NK cells through the body, diverse ILC1 subsets have been characterized across and within tissues in mice, but their developmental and functional heterogeneity remain unsolved. Here, using multimodal in vivo approaches including fate-mapping and targeting of the interleukin 15 (IL-15)-producing microenvironment, we demonstrate that liver parenchymal niches support the development of a cytotoxic ILC1 subset lacking IL-7 receptor (7 R- ILC1s). During ontogeny, fetal liver (FL) G1-ILCs arise perivascularly and then differentiate into 7 R- ILC1s within sinusoids. Hepatocyte-derived IL-15 supports parenchymal development of FL G1-ILCs to maintain adult pool of 7 R- ILC1s. IL-7R+ (7R+) ILC1s in the liver, candidate precursors for 7 R- ILC1s, are not essential for 7 R- ILC1 development in physiological conditions. Functionally, 7 R- ILC1s exhibit killing activity at steady state through granzyme B expression, which is underpinned by constitutive mTOR activity, unlike NK cells with exogenous stimulation-dependent cytotoxicity. Our study reveals the unique ontogeny and functions of liver-specific ILC1s, providing a detailed interpretation of ILC1 heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuma Asahi
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shinya Abe
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Guangwei Cui
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akihiro Shimba
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Nabekura
- Life Science Center for Survival Dynamics, Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance (TARA), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
- R&D Center for Innovative Drug Discovery, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Miyachi
- Reproductive Engineering Team, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Satsuki Kitano
- Reproductive Engineering Team, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Keizo Ohira
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Masaki Miyazaki
- Laboratory of Immunology, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akira Shibuya
- Life Science Center for Survival Dynamics, Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance (TARA), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
- R&D Center for Innovative Drug Discovery, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ohno
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Koichi Ikuta
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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9
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Tsutsui T, Fujiwara T, Matsumoto Y, Kimura A, Kanahori M, Arisumi S, Oyamada A, Ohishi M, Ikuta K, Tsuchiya K, Tayama N, Tomari S, Miyahara H, Mae T, Hara T, Saito T, Arizono T, Kaji K, Mawatari T, Fujiwara M, Takasaki M, Shin K, Ninomiya K, Nakaie K, Antoku Y, Iwamoto Y, Nakashima Y. Geriatric nutritional risk index as the prognostic factor in older patients with fragility hip fractures. Osteoporos Int 2023:10.1007/s00198-023-06753-3. [PMID: 37067545 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-023-06753-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the long-term survival and incidence of secondary fractures after fragility hip fractures. The 5-year survival rate was 62%, and the mortality risk was seen in patients with GNRI < 92. The 5-year incidence of secondary fracture was 22%, which was significantly higher in patients with a BMI < 20. BACKGROUND Malnutrition negatively influences the postoperative survival of patients with fragility hip fractures (FHFs); however, little is known about their association over the long term. OBJECTIVE This study evaluated the ability of the geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI) as a risk factor for long-term mortality after FHFs. METHODS This study included 623 Japanese patients with FHFs over the age of 60 years. We prospectively collected data on admission and during hospitalization and assessed the patients' conditions after discharge through a questionnaire. We examined the long-term mortality and the incidence of secondary FHFs and assessed the prognostic factors. RESULTS The mean observation period was 4.0 years (range 0-7 years). The average age at the time of admission was 82 years (range 60-101 years). The overall survival after FHFs (1 year, 91%; 5 years, 62%) and the incidence of secondary FHFs were high (1 year, 4%; 5 years, 22%). The multivariate Cox proportional hazard analysis revealed the risk factors for mortality as older age (hazard ratio [HR] 1.04), male sex (HR 1.96), lower GNRI score (HR 0.96), comorbidities (malignancy, HR 2.51; ischemic heart disease, HR 2.24; revised Hasegawa dementia scale ≤ 20, HR 1.64), no use of active vitamin D3 on admission (HR 0.46), and a lower Barthel index (BI) (on admission, HR 1.00; at discharge, HR 0.99). The GNRI scores were divided into four risk categories: major risk (GNRI, < 82), moderate risk (82-91), low risk (92-98), and no risk (> 98). Patients at major and moderate risks of GNRI had a significantly lower overall survival rate (p < 0.001). Lower body mass index (BMI) was also identified as a prognostic factor for secondary FHFs (HR 0.88 [p = 0.004]). CONCLUSIONS We showed that older age, male sex, a lower GNRI score, comorbidities, and a lower BI are risk factors for mortality following FHFs. GNRI is a novel and simple predictor of long-term survival after FHFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Tsutsui
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - T Fujiwara
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
| | - Y Matsumoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - A Kimura
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - M Kanahori
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - S Arisumi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - A Oyamada
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Saga Handicapped Children's Hospital, Saga, Japan
| | - M Ohishi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chihaya Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - K Ikuta
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Karatsu Red Cross Hospital, Saga, Japan
| | - K Tsuchiya
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Japan Community Healthcare Organization, Kyushu Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - N Tayama
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Steel Memorial Yawata Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - S Tomari
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Japanese Red Cross Fukuoka Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - H Miyahara
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Centre, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - T Mae
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Saga-Ken Medical Centre Koseikan, Saga, Japan
| | - T Hara
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Aso Iizuka Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - T Saito
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Fukuoka City Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - T Arizono
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyushu Central Hospital of the Mutual Aid Association of Public School Teachers, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - K Kaji
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyushu Rosai Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - T Mawatari
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hamanomachi Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - M Fujiwara
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sada Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - M Takasaki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Harasanshin Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - K Shin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Saiseikai Yahata General Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - K Ninomiya
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Koga Hospital 21, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - K Nakaie
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National Hospital Organization Fukuoka-Higashi Medical Centre, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Y Antoku
- Faculty of Medicine, Hospital Informatic Centre, Oita University, Oita, Japan
| | - Y Iwamoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyushu Rosai Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Y Nakashima
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
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10
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Asahi T, Abe S, Tajika Y, Rodewald HR, Sexl V, Takeshima H, Ikuta K. Retinoic acid receptor activity is required for the maintenance of type 1 innate lymphoid cells. Int Immunol 2023; 35:147-155. [PMID: 36480702 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxac057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Group 1 innate lymphoid cells (G1-ILCs) are innate immune effectors critical for the response to intracellular pathogens and tumors. G1-ILCs comprise circulating natural killer (NK) cells and tissue-resident type 1 ILCs (ILC1s). ILC1s mainly reside in barrier tissues and provide the initial sources of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) to prime the protecting responses against infections, which are followed by the response of recruited NK cells. Despite such distribution differences, whether local environmental factors influence the behavior of NK cells and ILC1s is unclear. Here, we show that the signaling of retinoic acid (RA), active metabolites of vitamin A, is essential for the maintenance of ILC1s in the periphery. Mice expressing RARα403, a truncated form of retinoic acid receptor α (RARα) that exerts dominant negative activity, in a lymphoid cell- or G1-ILC-specific manner showed remarkable reductions of peripheral ILC1s while NK cells were unaffected. Lymphoid cell-specific inhibition of RAR activity resulted in the reduction of PD-1+ ILC progenitors (ILCPs), but not of common lymphoid progenitors (CLPs), suggesting the impaired commitment and differentiation of ILC1s. Transcriptome analysis revealed that RARα403-expressing ILC1s exhibited impaired proliferative states and declined expression of effector molecules. Thus, our findings demonstrate that cell-intrinsic RA signaling is required for the homeostasis and the functionality of ILC1s, which may present RA as critical environmental cue targeting local type 1 immunity against infection and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuma Asahi
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.,Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Shinya Abe
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.,Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Yuya Tajika
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.,Department of Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Hans-Reimer Rodewald
- Division of Cellular Immunology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Veronika Sexl
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - Hiroshi Takeshima
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Koichi Ikuta
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
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11
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Akter S, Shimba A, Ikuta K, Mahmud MRA, Yamada S, Sasanuma H, Tsuda M, Sone M, Ago Y, Murai K, Tanaka H, Takeda S. Physiological concentrations of glucocorticoids induce pathological DNA double-strand breaks. Genes Cells 2023; 28:53-67. [PMID: 36415926 DOI: 10.1111/gtc.12993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Steroid hormones induce the transcription of target genes by activating nuclear receptors. Early transcriptional response to various stimuli, including hormones, involves the active catalysis of topoisomerase II (TOP2) at transcription regulatory sequences. TOP2 untangles DNAs by transiently generating double-strand breaks (DSBs), where TOP2 covalently binds to DSB ends. When TOP2 fails to rejoin, called "abortive" catalysis, the resulting DSBs are repaired by tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 2 (TDP2) and non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ). A steroid, cortisol, is the most important glucocorticoid, and dexamethasone (Dex), a synthetic glucocorticoid, is widely used for suppressing inflammation in clinics. We here revealed that clinically relevant concentrations of Dex and physiological concentrations of cortisol efficiently induce DSBs in G1 phase cells deficient in TDP2 and NHEJ. The DSB induction depends on glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and TOP2. Considering the specific role of TDP2 in removing TOP2 adducts from DSB ends, induced DSBs most likely represent stalled TOP2-DSB complexes. Inhibition of RNA polymerase II suppressed the DSBs formation only modestly in the G1 phase. We propose that cortisol and Dex frequently generate DSBs through the abortive catalysis of TOP2 at transcriptional regulatory sequences, including promoters or enhancers, where active TOP2 catalysis occurs during early transcriptional response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salma Akter
- Department of Radiation Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akihiro Shimba
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Koichi Ikuta
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Md Rasel Al Mahmud
- Department of Radiation Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shintaro Yamada
- Department of Radiation Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Sasanuma
- Department of Radiation Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masataka Tsuda
- Department of Radiation Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masakatsu Sone
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Division of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yukio Ago
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kenichi Murai
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hisashi Tanaka
- Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Shunichi Takeda
- Department of Radiation Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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12
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Cui G, Shimba A, Jin J, Ogawa T, Muramoto Y, Miyachi H, Abe S, Asahi T, Tani-ichi S, Dijkstra JM, Iwamoto Y, Kryukov K, Zhu Y, Takami D, Hara T, Kitano S, Xu Y, Morita H, Zhang M, Zreka L, Miyata K, Kanaya T, Okumura S, Ito T, Hatano E, Takahashi Y, Watarai H, Oike Y, Imanishi T, Ohno H, Ohteki T, Minato N, Kubo M, Holländer GA, Ueno H, Noda T, Shiroguchi K, Ikuta K. A circulating subset of iNKT cells mediates antitumor and antiviral immunity. Sci Immunol 2022; 7:eabj8760. [DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abj8760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells are a group of innate-like T lymphocytes that recognize lipid antigens. They are supposed to be tissue resident and important for systemic and local immune regulation. To investigate the heterogeneity of iNKT cells, we recharacterized iNKT cells in the thymus and peripheral tissues. iNKT cells in the thymus were divided into three subpopulations by the expression of the natural killer cell receptor CD244 and the chemokine receptor CXCR6 and designated as C0 (CD244
−
CXCR6
−
), C1 (CD244
−
CXCR6
+
), or C2 (CD244
+
CXCR6
+
) iNKT cells. The development and maturation of C2 iNKT cells from C0 iNKT cells strictly depended on IL-15 produced by thymic epithelial cells. C2 iNKT cells expressed high levels of IFN-γ and granzymes and exhibited more NK cell–like features, whereas C1 iNKT cells showed more T cell–like characteristics. C2 iNKT cells were influenced by the microbiome and aging and suppressed the expression of the autoimmune regulator AIRE in the thymus. In peripheral tissues, C2 iNKT cells were circulating that were distinct from conventional tissue-resident C1 iNKT cells. Functionally, C2 iNKT cells protected mice from the tumor metastasis of melanoma cells by enhancing antitumor immunity and promoted antiviral immune responses against influenza virus infection. Furthermore, we identified human CD244
+
CXCR6
+
iNKT cells with high cytotoxic properties as a counterpart of mouse C2 iNKT cells. Thus, this study reveals a circulating subset of iNKT cells with NK cell–like properties distinct from conventional tissue-resident iNKT cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangwei Cui
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akihiro Shimba
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Jianshi Jin
- Laboratory for Prediction of Cell Systems Dynamics, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research (BDR) , Osaka, Japan
| | - Taisaku Ogawa
- Laboratory for Prediction of Cell Systems Dynamics, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research (BDR) , Osaka, Japan
| | - Yukiko Muramoto
- Laboratory of Ultrastructural Virology, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Miyachi
- Reproductive Engineering Team, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shinya Abe
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takuma Asahi
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shizue Tani-ichi
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Johannes M. Dijkstra
- Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yayoi Iwamoto
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kirill Kryukov
- Biomedical Informatics Laboratory, Department of Molecular Life Science, Tokai University, Kanagawa, Japan
- Biological Networks Laboratory, Department of Informatics, National Institute of Genetics, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Yuanbo Zhu
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Daichi Takami
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takahiro Hara
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Satsuki Kitano
- Reproductive Engineering Team, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yan Xu
- Medical Innovation Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hajime Morita
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Moyu Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Lynn Zreka
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Keishi Miyata
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Takashi Kanaya
- Laboratory for Intestinal Ecosystem, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Yokohama, Japan
| | - Shinya Okumura
- Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takashi Ito
- Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Etsuro Hatano
- Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoshimasa Takahashi
- Research Center for Drug and Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Watarai
- Department of Immunology and Stem Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Yuichi Oike
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Tadashi Imanishi
- Biomedical Informatics Laboratory, Department of Molecular Life Science, Tokai University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ohno
- Laboratory for Intestinal Ecosystem, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Yokohama, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Ohteki
- Department of Biodefense Research, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nagahiro Minato
- Medical Innovation Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masato Kubo
- Laboratory for Cytokine Regulation, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Yokohama, Japan
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Research Institute for Biomedical Science, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Georg A. Holländer
- Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Pediatric Immunology, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel and University Children’s Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Hideki Ueno
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takeshi Noda
- Laboratory of Ultrastructural Virology, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Katsuyuki Shiroguchi
- Laboratory for Prediction of Cell Systems Dynamics, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research (BDR) , Osaka, Japan
| | - Koichi Ikuta
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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13
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Ejima A, Abe S, Shimba A, Sato S, Uehata T, Tani-ichi S, Munakata S, Cui G, Takeuchi O, Hirai T, Kato S, Ikuta K. Androgens Alleviate Allergic Airway Inflammation by Suppressing Cytokine Production in Th2 Cells. The Journal of Immunology 2022; 209:1083-1094. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2200294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Asthma is more common in females than males after adolescence. However, the mechanism of the sex bias in the prevalence of asthma remains unknown. To test whether sex steroid hormones have some roles in T cells during development of asthma, we analyzed airway inflammation in T cell–specific androgen receptor (AR)– and estrogen receptor (ER)–deficient mice. T cell–specific AR-deficient male mice developed severer house dust mite–induced allergic airway inflammation than did control male mice, whereas T cell–specific ERα- and ERβ-deficient female mice exhibited a similar degree of inflammation as for control female mice. Furthermore, administration of dihydrotestosterone reduced cytokine production of Th2 cells from control, but not AR-deficient, naive T cells. Transfer of OT-II transgenic AR-deficient Th2 cells into wild-type mice induced severer allergic airway inflammation by OVA than transfer of control Th2 cells. Gene expression profiling suggested that the expression of genes related with cell cycle and Th2 differentiation was elevated in AR-deficient Th2 cells, whereas expression of dual specificity phosphatase (DUSP)-2, a negative regulator of p38, was downregulated. In addition, a chromatin immunoprecipitation assay suggested that AR bound to an AR motif in the 5′ untranslated region of the Dusp2 gene in Th2 cells. Furthermore, the Dusp2 promoter with a wild-type AR motif, but not a mutated motif, was transactivated by dihydrotestosterone in a reporter assay. Finally, forced expression of DUSP-2 by retrovirus vector reduced IL-4 expression in Th2 cells. Thus, these results suggest that androgen signaling suppresses cytokine production of Th2 cells by inducing DUSP-2, explaining, in part, the sex bias of asthma after adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aki Ejima
- *Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- †Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shinya Abe
- *Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akihiro Shimba
- *Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- ‡Department of Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Susumu Sato
- §Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takuya Uehata
- ¶Department of Medical Chemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shizue Tani-ichi
- *Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- ‡Department of Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Satoru Munakata
- *Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- †Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Guangwei Cui
- *Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Osamu Takeuchi
- ¶Department of Medical Chemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Toyohiro Hirai
- §Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shigeaki Kato
- ‖Graduate School of Life Science and Engineering, Iryo Sosei University, Iwaki, Japan
- #Research Institute of Innovative Medicine, Tokiwa Foundation, Iwaki, Japan; and
- **School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Koichi Ikuta
- *Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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14
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Rodríguez-Caparrós A, Tani-ichi S, Casal Á, López-Ros J, Suñé C, Ikuta K, Hernández-Munain C. Interleukin-7 receptor signaling is crucial for enhancer-dependent TCRδ germline transcription mediated through STAT5 recruitment. Front Immunol 2022; 13:943510. [PMID: 36059467 PMCID: PMC9437428 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.943510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
γδ T cells play important roles in immune responses by rapidly producing large quantities of cytokines. Recently, γδ T cells have been found to be involved in tissue homeostatic regulation, playing roles in thermogenesis, bone regeneration and synaptic plasticity. Nonetheless, the mechanisms involved in γδ T-cell development, especially the regulation of TCRδ gene transcription, have not yet been clarified. Previous studies have established that NOTCH1 signaling plays an important role in the Tcrg and Tcrd germline transcriptional regulation induced by enhancer activation, which is mediated through the recruitment of RUNX1 and MYB. In addition, interleukin-7 signaling has been shown to be required for Tcrg germline transcription, VγJγ rearrangement and γδ T-lymphocyte generation as well as for promoting T-cell survival. In this study, we discovered that interleukin-7 is required for the activation of enhancer-dependent Tcrd germline transcription during thymocyte development. These results indicate that the activation of both Tcrg and Tcrd enhancers during γδ T-cell development in the thymus depends on the same NOTCH1- and interleukin-7-mediated signaling pathways. Understanding the regulation of the Tcrd enhancer during thymocyte development might lead to a better understanding of the enhancer-dependent mechanisms involved in the genomic instability and chromosomal translocations that cause leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alonso Rodríguez-Caparrós
- Institute of Parasitology and Biomedicine “López-Neyra”- Spanish Scientific Research Council (IPBLN-CSIC), Technological Park of Health Sciences (PTS), Granada, Spain
| | - Shizue Tani-ichi
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Áurea Casal
- Institute of Parasitology and Biomedicine “López-Neyra”- Spanish Scientific Research Council (IPBLN-CSIC), Technological Park of Health Sciences (PTS), Granada, Spain
| | - Jennifer López-Ros
- Institute of Parasitology and Biomedicine “López-Neyra”- Spanish Scientific Research Council (IPBLN-CSIC), Technological Park of Health Sciences (PTS), Granada, Spain
| | - Carlos Suñé
- Institute of Parasitology and Biomedicine “López-Neyra”- Spanish Scientific Research Council (IPBLN-CSIC), Technological Park of Health Sciences (PTS), Granada, Spain
| | - Koichi Ikuta
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Cristina Hernández-Munain
- Institute of Parasitology and Biomedicine “López-Neyra”- Spanish Scientific Research Council (IPBLN-CSIC), Technological Park of Health Sciences (PTS), Granada, Spain
- *Correspondence: Cristina Hernández-Munain,
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15
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Abstract
Steroid hormones, especially glucocorticoids, androgens, and estrogens, have profound influence on immunity. Recent studies using cell-type specific steroid hormone receptor-deficient mice have revealed the precise roles of some of these hormones in the immune system. Glucocorticoids are known to have strong anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects and pleiotropic effects on innate and adaptive immune responses. They suppress the production of inflammatory cytokines by macrophages and DCs and the production of IFN-γ by NK cells, thus inhibiting innate immunity. By contrast, glucocorticoids enhance the immune response by inducing the expression of IL-7R and CXCR4 in T cells and the accumulation of T cells in lymphoid organs in accordance with the diurnal change of the glucocorticoid concentration. Thus, glucocorticoids suppress innate immunity but enhance adaptive immunity. Androgens suppress the homeostasis and activation of ILC2s and the differentiation of Th2 and Th17 cells and enhance the suppressive function of Tregs, thereby alleviating allergic airway inflammation. Thus, these steroid hormones have pleiotropic functions in the immune system. Further investigations are awaited on the regulation of immunity and allergy by estrogens using cell-specific steroid hormone receptor-deficient mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Ikuta
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Aki Ejima
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shinya Abe
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akihiro Shimba
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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16
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Kansler ER, Dadi S, Krishna C, Nixon BG, Stamatiades EG, Liu M, Kuo F, Zhang J, Zhang X, Capistrano K, Blum KA, Weiss K, Kedl RM, Cui G, Ikuta K, Chan TA, Leslie CS, Hakimi AA, Li MO. Author Correction: Cytotoxic innate lymphoid cells sense cancer cell-expressed interleukin-15 to suppress human and murine malignancies. Nat Immunol 2022; 23:1285. [PMID: 35705800 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-022-01264-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emily R Kansler
- Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Louis V. Gerstner Jr. Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Saïda Dadi
- Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Chirag Krishna
- Computational and Systems Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Briana G Nixon
- Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis Graduate Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Ming Liu
- Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Fengshen Kuo
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jing Zhang
- Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Xian Zhang
- Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Kyle A Blum
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kate Weiss
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ross M Kedl
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Guangwei Cui
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Koichi Ikuta
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Timothy A Chan
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Christina S Leslie
- Computational and Systems Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - A Ari Hakimi
- Department of Urology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ming O Li
- Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Louis V. Gerstner Jr. Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis Graduate Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA.
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17
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Adachi A, Honda T, Egawa G, Kanameishi S, Takimoto R, Miyake T, Hossain MR, Komine M, Ohtsuki M, Gunzer M, Ikuta K, Kabashima K. Estradiol suppresses psoriatic inflammation in mice by regulating neutrophil and macrophage functions. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2022; 150:909-919.e8. [PMID: 35589416 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2022.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psoriasis is a common inflammatory skin disease resulting from dysregulation of the IL-23/TH17 immune axis. The prevalence and severity of psoriasis is higher in men than in women, although the underlying reasons for this are unclear. OBJECTIVE We studied whether estradiol, a female hormone, plays protective roles in imiquimod-induced psoriatic inflammation in mice by regulating neutrophil and macrophage functions. METHODS Wild-type mice and conditional knockout mice were ovariectomized, supplemented with placebo or estradiol pellets, and an imiquimod-containing cream applied. RESULTS Mice without endogenous ovarian hormones exhibited exacerbated psoriatic inflammation including increased production of IL-17A and IL-1β, which was reversed by exogenously added estradiol. The suppressive effect of estradiol on the production of IL-1β and IL-17A was abolished in mice lacking estrogen receptors in neutrophils and macrophages (Esr1f/fEsr2f/fLysM-Cre+ mice). IL-1β, which is required for production of IL-17A in the psoriasis model, was mainly produced by neutrophils and inflammatory macrophages. Estradiol suppressed IL-1β production from neutrophils and macrophages in mice both in vivo and in vitro and from human neutrophils in vitro. CONCLUSION Our results suggest a novel mechanism for sex-dependent differences in psoriasis clinical phenotypes that may shed new light on the pathology of psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akimasa Adachi
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan; Department of Dermatology, Tokyo Metropolitan Bokutoh Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Honda
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan; Department of Dermatology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan.
| | - Gyohei Egawa
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shuto Kanameishi
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Riko Takimoto
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Toshiya Miyake
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Md Razib Hossain
- Department of Dermatology, Jichi Medical University Graduate School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | - Mayumi Komine
- Department of Dermatology, Jichi Medical University Graduate School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | - Mamitaro Ohtsuki
- Department of Dermatology, Jichi Medical University Graduate School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | - Matthias Gunzer
- Institute for Experimental Immunology and Imaging, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany; Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften ISAS-e.V, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Koichi Ikuta
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kenji Kabashima
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan; Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN) and Skin Research Institute of Singapore (SRIS), Technology and Research (A∗STAR), Singapore.
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18
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Jin J, Yamamoto R, Takeuchi T, Cui G, Miyauchi E, Hojo N, Ikuta K, Ohno H, Shiroguchi K. High-throughput identification and quantification of single bacterial cells in the microbiota. Nat Commun 2022; 13:863. [PMID: 35194029 PMCID: PMC8863893 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28426-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The bacterial microbiota works as a community that consists of many individual organisms, i.e., cells. To fully understand the function of bacterial microbiota, individual cells must be identified; however, it is difficult with current techniques. Here, we develop a method, Barcoding Bacteria for Identification and Quantification (BarBIQ), which classifies single bacterial cells into taxa–named herein cell-based operational taxonomy units (cOTUs)–based on cellularly barcoded 16S rRNA sequences with single-base accuracy, and quantifies the cell number for each cOTU in the microbiota in a high-throughput manner. We apply BarBIQ to murine cecal microbiotas and quantify in total 3.4 × 105 bacterial cells containing 810 cOTUs. Interestingly, we find location-dependent global differences in the cecal microbiota depending on the dietary vitamin A deficiency, and more differentially abundant cOTUs at the proximal location than the distal location. Importantly, these location differences are not clearly shown by conventional 16S rRNA gene-amplicon sequencing methods, which quantify the 16S rRNA genes, not the cells. Thus, BarBIQ enables microbiota characterization with the identification and quantification of individual constituent bacteria, which is a cornerstone for microbiota studies. Here, Jin et al., develop a method called Barcoding Bacteria for Identification and Quantification (BarBIQ), which allows to both characterize the global microbiome and to identify and quantify single-cell bacterial members in a high-throughput manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianshi Jin
- Laboratory for Prediction of Cell Systems Dynamics, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research (BDR), 6-2-3, Furuedai, Suita, Osaka, 565-0874, Japan
| | - Reiko Yamamoto
- Laboratory for Prediction of Cell Systems Dynamics, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research (BDR), 6-2-3, Furuedai, Suita, Osaka, 565-0874, Japan
| | - Tadashi Takeuchi
- Laboratory for Intestinal Ecosystem, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), 1-7-22, Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Guangwei Cui
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, 53 Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Eiji Miyauchi
- Laboratory for Intestinal Ecosystem, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), 1-7-22, Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Nozomi Hojo
- Laboratory for Prediction of Cell Systems Dynamics, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research (BDR), 6-2-3, Furuedai, Suita, Osaka, 565-0874, Japan
| | - Koichi Ikuta
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, 53 Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ohno
- Laboratory for Intestinal Ecosystem, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), 1-7-22, Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan.,Intestinal Microbiota Project, Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, 3-2-1, Sakado, Takatsu-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 213-0012, Japan.,Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University, 1-7-29, Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Katsuyuki Shiroguchi
- Laboratory for Prediction of Cell Systems Dynamics, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research (BDR), 6-2-3, Furuedai, Suita, Osaka, 565-0874, Japan.
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19
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Takeuchi A, Ozawa M, Cui G, Ikuta K, Katakai T. Lymph Node Stromal Cells: Diverse Meshwork Structures Weave Functionally Subdivided Niches. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2021; 434:103-121. [PMID: 34850284 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-86016-5_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Lymph nodes (LNs) are secondary lymphoid organs that function as the first line of defense against invasive foreign substances. Within the LNs, different types of immune cells are strategically localized to induce immune responses efficiently. Such a sophisticated tissue structure is a complex of functionally specialized niches, constructed by a variety of fibroblastic stromal cells. Elucidating the characteristics and functions of the niches and stromal cells will facilitate comprehension of the immune response induced in the LNs. Three recent studies offered novel insights into specialized stromal cells. In our discussion of these surprisingly diverse stromal cells, we will integrate information from these studies to improve knowledge about the structure and niches of LN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arata Takeuchi
- Department of Immunology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Madoka Ozawa
- Department of Immunology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Guangwei Cui
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Koichi Ikuta
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Tomoya Katakai
- Department of Immunology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan.
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20
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Ikuta K, Hara T, Abe S, Asahi T, Takami D, Cui G. The Roles of IL-7 and IL-15 in Niches for Lymphocyte Progenitors and Immune Cells in Lymphoid Organs. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2021; 434:83-101. [PMID: 34850283 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-86016-5_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Lymphoid organs consist of immune cells and stromal cells. The stromal cells produce various cytokines that support the development, maintenance, and response of the immune cells. IL-7 and IL-15 are the major cytokines produced by stromal cells and are essential for the development and maintenance of lymphocytes and innate lymphoid cells (ILCs). In addition, IL-7 is indispensable for the organogenesis of lymphoid organs. However, because the amount of these two cytokines is relatively low, it has been difficult to directly detect their expression. Recently, several groups succeeded in establishing IL-7 and IL-15 reporter mouse lines. As expected, IL-7 and IL-15 were detected in mesenchymal stromal cells in the bone marrow and lymph nodes and in epithelial cells in the thymus. Furthermore, IL-7 and IL-15 were differentially expressed in lymphatic endothelial cells and blood endothelial cells, respectively. In addition to their expression, many groups have analyzed the local functions of IL-7 and IL-15 by using cell-type-specific knockout mice. From these experiments, CXCL12-expressing mesenchymal stromal cells were identified as the major niche for early B cell precursors. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) analysis has revealed different subpopulations of stromal cells in the lymphoid organs, including those that express both IL-7 and IL-15. Future research is still needed to elucidate which stromal cells serve as the niche for the early precursors of ILCs and NK cells in the bone marrow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Ikuta
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.
| | - Takahiro Hara
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Shinya Abe
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Takuma Asahi
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.,Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Daichi Takami
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.,Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Guangwei Cui
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
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21
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Ullrich L, Lueder Y, Juergens AL, Wilharm A, Barros-Martins J, Bubke A, Demera A, Ikuta K, Patzer GE, Janssen A, Sandrock I, Prinz I, Rampoldi F. IL-4-Producing Vγ1 +/Vδ6 + γδ T Cells Sustain Germinal Center Reactions in Peyer's Patches of Mice. Front Immunol 2021; 12:729607. [PMID: 34804014 PMCID: PMC8600568 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.729607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The mucosal immune system is the first line of defense against pathogens. Germinal centers (GCs) in the Peyer's patches (PPs) of the small intestine are constantly generated through stimulation of the microbiota. In this study, we investigated the role of γδ T cells in the GC reactions in PPs. Most γδ T cells in PPs localized in the GCs and expressed a TCR composed of Vγ1 and Vδ6 chains. By using mice with partial and total γδ T cell deficiencies, we found that Vγ1+/Vδ6+ T cells can produce high amounts of IL-4, which drives the proliferation of GC B cells as well as the switch of GC B cells towards IgA. Therefore, we conclude that γδ T cells play a role in sustaining gut homeostasis and symbiosis via supporting the GC reactions in PPs.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- B-Lymphocytes/immunology
- B-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- B-Lymphocytes/microbiology
- Cell Differentiation
- Cell Proliferation
- Cells, Cultured
- Disease Models, Animal
- Germinal Center/immunology
- Germinal Center/metabolism
- Germinal Center/microbiology
- Immunity, Mucosal
- Immunoglobulin A/immunology
- Immunoglobulin A/metabolism
- Immunoglobulin Class Switching
- Interleukin-4/metabolism
- Intestinal Mucosa/immunology
- Intestinal Mucosa/metabolism
- Intestinal Mucosa/microbiology
- Intraepithelial Lymphocytes/immunology
- Intraepithelial Lymphocytes/metabolism
- Intraepithelial Lymphocytes/microbiology
- Lymphocyte Activation
- Lymphocyte Depletion
- Mice, Knockout
- Peyer's Patches/immunology
- Peyer's Patches/metabolism
- Peyer's Patches/microbiology
- Phenotype
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta/genetics
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta/immunology
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta/metabolism
- Salmonella Infections/immunology
- Salmonella Infections/metabolism
- Salmonella Infections/microbiology
- Salmonella typhimurium/immunology
- Salmonella typhimurium/pathogenicity
- Signal Transduction
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Leon Ullrich
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Yvonne Lueder
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Anneke Wilharm
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Anja Bubke
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Abdi Demera
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Koichi Ikuta
- Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Anika Janssen
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Inga Sandrock
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Immo Prinz
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Institute of Systems Immunology, Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology (HCTI), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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22
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Shimba A, Ejima A, Ikuta K. Pleiotropic Effects of Glucocorticoids on the Immune System in Circadian Rhythm and Stress. Front Immunol 2021; 12:706951. [PMID: 34691020 PMCID: PMC8531522 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.706951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoids (GCs) are a class of steroid hormones secreted from the adrenal cortex. Their production is controlled by circadian rhythm and stress, the latter of which includes physical restraint, hunger, and inflammation. Importantly, GCs have various effects on immunity, metabolism, and cognition, including pleiotropic effects on the immune system. In general, GCs have strong anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects. Indeed, they suppress inflammatory cytokine expression and cell-mediated immunity, leading to increased risks of some infections. However, recent studies have shown that endogenous GCs induced by the diurnal cycle and dietary restriction enhance immune responses against some infections by promoting the survival, redistribution, and response of T and B cells via cytokine and chemokine receptors. Furthermore, although GCs are reported to reduce expression of Th2 cytokines, GCs enhance type 2 immunity and IL-17-associated immunity in some stress conditions. Taken together, GCs have both immunoenhancing and immunosuppressive effects on the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Shimba
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Aki Ejima
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Koichi Ikuta
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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23
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Bilal M, Nawaz A, Kado T, Aslam MR, Igarashi Y, Nishimura A, Watanabe Y, Kuwano T, Liu J, Miwa H, Era T, Ikuta K, Imura J, Yagi K, Nakagawa T, Fujisaka S, Tobe K. Fate of adipocyte progenitors during adipogenesis in mice fed a high-fat diet. Mol Metab 2021; 54:101328. [PMID: 34562641 PMCID: PMC8495176 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2021.101328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Expansion of adipose tissue during obesity through the recruitment of newly generated adipocytes (hyperplasia) is metabolically healthy, whereas that through the enlargement of pre-existing adipocytes (hypertrophy) leads to metabolic complications. Accumulating evidence from genetic fate mapping studies suggests that in animal models receiving a high-fat diet (HFD), only adipocyte progenitors (APs) in gonadal white adipose tissue (gWAT) have proliferative potential. However, the proliferative potential and differentiating capacity of APs in the inguinal WAT (iWAT) of male mice remains controversial. The objective of this study was to investigate the proliferative and adipogenic potential of APs in the iWAT of HFD-fed male mice. Methods We generated PDGFRα-GFP-Cre-ERT2/tdTomato (KI/td) mice and traced PDGFRα-positive APs in male mice fed HFD for 8 weeks. We performed a comprehensive phenotypic analysis, including the histology, immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry, and gene expression analysis, of KI/td mice fed HFD. Results Contrary to the findings of others, we found an increased number of newly generated tdTomato+ adipocytes in the iWAT of male mice, which was smaller than that observed in the gWAT. We found that in male mice, the iWAT has more proliferating tdTomato+ APs than the gWAT. We also found that tdTomato+ APs showed a higher expression of Dpp4 and Pi16 than tdTomato− APs, and the expression of these genes was significantly higher in the iWAT than in the gWAT of mice fed HFD for 8 weeks. Collectively, our results reveal that HFD feeding induces the proliferation of tdTomato+ APs in the iWAT of male mice. Conclusion In male mice, compared with gWAT, iWAT undergoes hyperplasia in response to 8 weeks of HFD feeding through the recruitment of newly generated adipocytes due to an abundance of APs with a high potential for proliferation and differentiation. High-fat diet (HFD) increases proliferative APs in iWAT of male mice. HFD promotes the recruitment of smaller adipocytes in the iWAT of male mice. iWAT expands by recruiting newly-generated adipocytes (hyperplasia) in male mice. gWAT expands by enlargement of pre-existing adipocytes (hypertrophy) in male mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Bilal
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Allah Nawaz
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan; Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan.
| | - Tomonobu Kado
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Muhammad Rahil Aslam
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Igarashi
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Ayumi Nishimura
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Watanabe
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Takahide Kuwano
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Jianhui Liu
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Miwa
- Department of Cell Modulation, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, 2-2-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-0811, Japan
| | - Takumi Era
- Department of Cell Modulation, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, 2-2-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-0811, Japan
| | - Koichi Ikuta
- Department of Virus Research, Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Institute of Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Johji Imura
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Kunimasa Yagi
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Takashi Nakagawa
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Shiho Fujisaka
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Tobe
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan.
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24
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Adachi A, Honda T, Dainichi T, Egawa G, Yamamoto Y, Nomura T, Nakajima S, Otsuka A, Maekawa M, Mano N, Koyanagi N, Kawaguchi Y, Ohteki T, Nagasawa T, Ikuta K, Kitoh A, Kabashima K. Prolonged high-intensity exercise induces fluctuating immune responses to herpes simplex virus infection via glucocorticoids. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2021; 148:1575-1588.e7. [PMID: 33965431 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2021.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiologic studies have yielded conflicting results regarding the influence of a single bout of prolonged high-intensity exercise on viral infection. OBJECTIVE We sought to learn whether prolonged high-intensity exercise either exacerbates or ameliorates herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) infection according to the interval between virus exposure and exercise. METHODS Mice were intravaginally infected with HSV-2 and exposed to run on the treadmill. RESULTS Prolonged high-intensity exercise 17 hours after infection impaired the clearance of HSV-2, while exercise 8 hours after infection enhanced the clearance of HSV-2. These impaired or enhanced immune responses were related to a transient decrease or increase in the number of blood-circulating plasmacytoid dendritic cells. Exercise-induced glucocorticoids transiently decreased the number of circulating plasmacytoid dendritic cells by facilitating their homing to the bone marrow via the CXCL12-CXCR4 axis, which led to their subsequent increase in the blood. CONCLUSION A single bout of prolonged high-intensity exercise can be either deleterious or beneficial to antiviral immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akimasa Adachi
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Honda
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan; Department of Dermatology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan.
| | - Teruki Dainichi
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Gyohei Egawa
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yosuke Yamamoto
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takashi Nomura
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Saeko Nakajima
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Atsushi Otsuka
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masamitsu Maekawa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - Nariyasu Mano
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - Naoto Koyanagi
- Division of Molecular Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Infectious Disease Control, International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasushi Kawaguchi
- Division of Molecular Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Infectious Disease Control, International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Ohteki
- Department of Biodefense Research, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Nagasawa
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Developmental Immunology, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences and Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Koichi Ikuta
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, the Department of Virus Research, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akihiko Kitoh
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kenji Kabashima
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan; Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN) and Skin Research Institute of Singapore (SRIS), Technology and Research (A∗STAR), Biopolis, Singapore.
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25
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Kuwano T, Izumi H, Aslam MR, Igarashi Y, Bilal M, Nishimura A, Watanabe Y, Nawaz A, Kado T, Ikuta K, Yamamoto S, Sasahara M, Fujisaka S, Yagi K, Mori H, Tobe K. Generation and characterization of a Meflin-CreERT2 transgenic line for lineage tracing in white adipose tissue. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0248267. [PMID: 33760832 PMCID: PMC7990287 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0248267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Meflin (Islr) expression has gained attention as a marker for mesenchymal stem cells, but its function remains largely unexplored. Here, we report the generation of Meflin-CreERT2 mice with CreERT2 inserted under the Meflin gene promoter to label Meflin-expressing cells genetically, thereby enabling their lineages to be traced. We found that in adult mice, Meflin-expressing lineage cells were present in adipose tissue stroma and had differentiated into mature adipocytes. These cells constituted Crown-like structures in the adipose tissue of mice after high-fat diet loading. Cold stimulation led to the differentiation of Meflin-expressing lineage cells into beige adipocytes. Thus, the Meflin-CreERT2 mouse line is a useful new tool for visualizing and tracking the lineage of Meflin-expressing cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahide Kuwano
- First Department of Internal Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama-shi, Toyama, Japan
| | - Hironori Izumi
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, University of Toyama, Toyama-shi, Toyama, Japan
| | - Muhammad Rahil Aslam
- First Department of Internal Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama-shi, Toyama, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Igarashi
- First Department of Internal Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama-shi, Toyama, Japan
| | - Muhammad Bilal
- First Department of Internal Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama-shi, Toyama, Japan
| | - Ayumi Nishimura
- First Department of Internal Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama-shi, Toyama, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Watanabe
- First Department of Internal Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama-shi, Toyama, Japan
| | - Allah Nawaz
- First Department of Internal Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama-shi, Toyama, Japan
| | - Tomonobu Kado
- First Department of Internal Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama-shi, Toyama, Japan
| | - Koichi Ikuta
- Department of Virus Research, Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Institute of Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Seiji Yamamoto
- Department of Pathology, University of Toyama, Toyama-shi, Toyama, Japan
| | - Masakiyo Sasahara
- Department of Pathology, University of Toyama, Toyama-shi, Toyama, Japan
| | - Shiho Fujisaka
- First Department of Internal Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama-shi, Toyama, Japan
| | - Kunimasa Yagi
- First Department of Internal Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama-shi, Toyama, Japan
| | - Hisashi Mori
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, University of Toyama, Toyama-shi, Toyama, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Tobe
- First Department of Internal Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama-shi, Toyama, Japan
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26
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Kawakita M, Oyama T, Shirai I, Tanaka S, Akaki K, Abe S, Asahi T, Cui G, Itoh F, Sasaki M, Shibata N, Ikuta K, Hatakeyama T, Takahara K. Cell wall N-glycan of Candida albicans ameliorates early hyper- and late hypo-immunoreactivity in sepsis. Commun Biol 2021; 4:342. [PMID: 33727664 PMCID: PMC7966402 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-01870-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe infection often causes a septic cytokine storm followed by immune exhaustion/paralysis. Not surprisingly, many pathogens are equipped with various anti-inflammatory mechanisms. Such mechanisms might be leveraged clinically to control septic cytokine storms. Here we show that N-glycan from pathogenic C. albicans ameliorates mouse sepsis through immunosuppressive cytokine IL-10. In a sepsis model using lipopolysaccharide (LPS), injection of the N-glycan upregulated serum IL-10, and suppressed pro-inflammatory IL-1β, TNF-α and IFN-γ. The N-glycan also improved the survival of mice challenged by LPS. Analyses of structurally defined N-glycans from several yeast strains revealed that the mannose core is key to the upregulation of IL-10. Knocking out the C-type lectin Dectin-2 abrogated the N-glycan-mediated IL-10 augmentation. Furthermore, C. albicans N-glycan ameliorated immune exhaustion/immune paralysis after acute inflammation. Our results suggest a strategy where the immunosuppressive mechanism of one pathogen can be applied to attenuate a severe inflammation/cytokine storm caused by another pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masataka Kawakita
- Department of Animal Development and Physiology, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Taiki Oyama
- Department of Animal Development and Physiology, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ikuma Shirai
- Department of Animal Development and Physiology, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shuto Tanaka
- Department of Animal Development and Physiology, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kotaro Akaki
- Department of Animal Development and Physiology, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shinya Abe
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takuma Asahi
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Guangwei Cui
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Fumie Itoh
- Division of Infection and Host Defense, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Masato Sasaki
- Division of Infection and Host Defense, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Shibata
- Division of Infection and Host Defense, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Koichi Ikuta
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomomitsu Hatakeyama
- Biomolecular Chemistry Laboratory, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Takahara
- Department of Animal Development and Physiology, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
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27
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Zhu Y, Cui G, Miyauchi E, Nakanishi Y, Mukohira H, Shimba A, Abe S, Tani-Ichi S, Hara T, Nakase H, Chiba T, Sehara-Fujisawa A, Seno H, Ohno H, Ikuta K. Intestinal epithelial cell-derived IL-15 determines local maintenance and maturation of intra-epithelial lymphocytes in the intestine. Int Immunol 2020; 32:307-319. [PMID: 31875880 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxz082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-15 (IL-15) is a cytokine critical for maintenance of intestinal intra-epithelial lymphocytes (IELs), especially CD8αα + IELs (CD8αα IELs). In the intestine, IL-15 is produced by intestinal epithelial cells (IECs), blood vascular endothelial cells (BECs) and hematopoietic cells. However, the precise role of intestinal IL-15 on IELs is still unknown. To address the question, we generated two kinds of IL-15 conditional knockout (IL-15cKO) mice: villin-Cre (Vil-Cre) and Tie2-Cre IL-15cKO mice. IEC-derived IL-15 was specifically deleted in Vil-Cre IL-15cKO mice, whereas IL-15 produced by BECs and hematopoietic cells was deleted in Tie2-Cre IL-15cKO mice. The cell number and frequency of CD8αα IELs and NK IELs were significantly reduced in Vil-Cre IL-15cKO mice. By contrast, CD8αα IELs were unchanged in Tie2-Cre IL-15cKO mice, indicating that IL-15 produced by BECs and hematopoietic cells is dispensable for CD8αα IELs. Expression of an anti-apoptotic factor, Bcl-2, was decreased, whereas Fas expression was increased in CD8αα IELs of Vil-Cre IL-15cKO mice. Forced expression of Bcl-2 by a Bcl-2 transgene partially restored CD8αα IELs in Vil-Cre IL-15cKO mice, suggesting that some IL-15 signal other than Bcl-2 is required for maintenance of CD8αα IELs. Furthermore, granzyme B production was reduced, whereas PD-1 expression was increased in CD8αα IELs of Vil-Cre IL-15cKO mice. These results collectively suggested that IEC-derived IL-15 is essential for homeostasis of IELs by promoting their survival and functional maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanbo Zhu
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Guangwei Cui
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Eiji Miyauchi
- Laboratory for Intestinal Ecosystem, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | | | - Hisa Mukohira
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akihiro Shimba
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shinya Abe
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shizue Tani-Ichi
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Laboratory of Biological Chemistry, Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takahiro Hara
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nakase
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sapporo Medical University, School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | | | - Atsuko Sehara-Fujisawa
- Laboratory of Tissue Stem Cell Biology, Department of Regeneration Science and Engineering, Institute of Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Hiroshi Ohno
- Laboratory for Intestinal Ecosystem, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan.,Division of Immunobiology, Department of Medical Life Science, Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan.,Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Koichi Ikuta
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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28
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Ikuta
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Christoph Scheiermann
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Ludwig Maximilians University, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany.,Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
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29
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Abstract
Animals receive environmental stimuli from neural signals in order to produce hormones that control immune responses. Glucocorticoids (GCs) are a group of steroid hormones produced in the adrenal cortex and well-known mediators for the nervous and immune systems. GC secretion is induced by circadian rhythm and stress, and plasma GC levels are high at the active phase of animals and under stress condition. Clinically, GCs are used for allergies, autoimmunity, and chronic inflammation, because they have strong anti-inflammatory effects and induce the apoptosis of lymphocytes. Glucocorticoid receptor (GR) acts as a transcription factor and represses the expression of inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and prostaglandins by binding to its motif, glucocorticoid-response element, or to other transcription factors. In mice, GR suppresses the antigen-stimulated inflammation mediated by macrophages, dendritic cells, and epithelial cells, and impairs cytotoxic immune responses by downregulating interferon-γ production and inhibiting the development of type-1 helper T cells, CD8+ T cells, and natural killer cells. These immune inhibitory effects prevent lethality by excessive inflammation, but at the same time increase the susceptibility to infection and cancer. GCs can also activate the immune system. The circadian cycle of GC secretion controls the diurnal oscillations of the distribution and response of T cells, thus supporting T cell maintenance and effective immune protection against infection. Moreover, several reports have shown that GR has the potential to enhance the activities of Th2, Th17, and immunoglobulin-producing B cells. Stress has two different effects on immune responses: immune suppression to cause mortality by infection and cancer, and excessive immune activation to induce chronic inflammation and autoimmune disease. Consistently, stress-induced GCs strongly suppress cell-mediated immunity and cause viral infection and tumor development. They may also enhance the development of pathogenic helper T cells and cause tissue damage through neural and intestinal inflammation. Past studies have reported the positive and negative effects of GCs on the immune system. These opposing properties of GCs may regulate the immune balance between the responsiveness to antigens and excessive inflammation in steady-state and stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Shimba
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, 53 Shogoin-Kawaharacho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.,Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 53 Shogoin-Kawaharacho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Koichi Ikuta
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, 53 Shogoin-Kawaharacho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.
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30
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Shimba A, Ikuta K. Immune-enhancing effects of glucocorticoids in response to day-night cycles and stress. Int Immunol 2020; 32:703-708. [PMID: 32710629 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxaa048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Environmental cues such as the day-night cycle or stressors trigger the production of glucocorticoids (GCs) by the adrenal cortex. GCs are well known for their anti-inflammatory effects that suppress the production of inflammatory cytokines and induce the apoptosis of lymphocytes. Recent studies in mice, however, have revealed pro-inflammatory effects. The diurnal oscillation of GCs induces the expression of IL-7 receptor α (IL-7Rα) and C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) at the active phase, which drives the diurnal homing of T cells into lymphoid organs. This accumulation of T cells at the active phase enhances T-cell priming against bacterial infection and antigen immunization, leading to an increase of effector CD8 T cells and antibody production. GCs induced by moderate stress trigger the homing of memory CD8 T cells into the bone marrow and support the maintenance and response of these cells. Thus, endogenous GCs have a self-defense function to enhance adaptive immune responses. By contrast, strong stress induces even higher GC levels and causes chronic inflammation and autoimmunity. Because GCs can enhance the differentiation and function of T-helper 2 (Th2) and Th17 cells, high stress-induced GC levels might enhance inflammation via Th17 cell differentiation. Overall, the positive and negative effects of GCs may regulate the balance between normal immune responses and susceptibility to infections and inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Shimba
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan.,Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Koichi Ikuta
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
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31
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Abstract
Animals have evolved circadian rhythms to adapt to the 24-h day-night cycle. Circadian rhythms are controlled by molecular clocks in the brain and periphery, which is driven by clock genes. The circadian rhythm is propagated from the brain to the periphery by nerves and hormones. Glucocorticoids (GCs) are a class of steroid hormones produced by the adrenal cortex under the control of the circadian rhythm and the stress. GCs have both positive and negative effects on the immune system. Indeed, they are well known for their strong anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects. Endogenous GCs inhibit the expression of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines at the active phase of mice, regulating the circadian rhythm of tissue inflammation. In addition, GCs induce the rhythmic expression of IL-7R and CXCR4 on T cells, which supports T cell maintenance and homing to lymphoid tissues. Clock genes and adrenergic neural activity control the T cell migration and immune response. Taken together, circadian factors shape the diurnal oscillation of innate and adaptive immunity. Among them, GCs participate in the circadian rhythm of innate and adaptive immunity by positive and negative effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Shimba
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Koichi Ikuta
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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32
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Miyazaki K, Watanabe H, Yoshikawa G, Chen K, Hidaka R, Aitani Y, Osawa K, Takeda R, Ochi Y, Tani-Ichi S, Uehata T, Takeuchi O, Ikuta K, Ogawa S, Kondoh G, Lin YC, Ogata H, Miyazaki M. The transcription factor E2A activates multiple enhancers that drive Rag expression in developing T and B cells. Sci Immunol 2020; 5:5/51/eabb1455. [PMID: 32887843 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abb1455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Cell type-specific gene expression is driven by the interplay between lineage-specific transcription factors and cis-regulatory elements to which they bind. Adaptive immunity relies on RAG-mediated assembly of T cell receptor (TCR) and immunoglobulin (Ig) genes. Although Rag1 and Rag2 expression is largely restricted to adaptive lymphoid lineage cells, it remains unclear how Rag gene expression is regulated in a cell lineage-specific manner. Here, we identified three distinct cis-regulatory elements, a T cell lineage-specific enhancer (R-TEn) and the two B cell-specific elements, R1B and R2B By generating mice lacking either R-TEn or R1B and R2B, we demonstrate that these distinct sets of regulatory elements drive the expression of Rag genes in developing T and B cells. What these elements have in common is their ability to bind the transcription factor E2A. By generating a mouse strain that carries a mutation within the E2A binding site of R-TEn, we demonstrate that recruitment of E2A to this site is essential for orchestrating changes in chromatin conformation that drive expression of Rag genes in T cells. By mapping cis-regulatory elements and generating multiple mouse strains lacking distinct enhancer elements, we demonstrate expression of Rag genes in developing T and B cells to be driven by distinct sets of E2A-dependent cis-regulatory modules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuko Miyazaki
- Laboratory of Immunology, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Hitomi Watanabe
- Laboratory of Integrative Biological Sciences, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Genki Yoshikawa
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji 611-0011, Japan
| | - Kenian Chen
- Baylor Institute for Immunology Research, Baylor Scott & White Research Institute, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Reiko Hidaka
- Laboratory of Immunology, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Yuki Aitani
- Laboratory of Immunology, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Kai Osawa
- Laboratory of Immunology, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Rie Takeda
- Laboratory of Integrative Biological Sciences, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Yotaro Ochi
- Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Shizue Tani-Ichi
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Takuya Uehata
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Osamu Takeuchi
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Koichi Ikuta
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Seishi Ogawa
- Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.,Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology (WPI ASHBi), Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.,Department of Medicine, Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gen Kondoh
- Laboratory of Integrative Biological Sciences, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Yin C Lin
- Baylor Institute for Immunology Research, Baylor Scott & White Research Institute, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Hiroyuki Ogata
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji 611-0011, Japan
| | - Masaki Miyazaki
- Laboratory of Immunology, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
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33
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Mukohira H, Hara T, Abe S, Tani-Ichi S, Sehara-Fujisawa A, Nagasawa T, Tobe K, Ikuta K. Mesenchymal stromal cells in bone marrow express adiponectin and are efficiently targeted by an adiponectin promoter-driven Cre transgene. Int Immunol 2020; 31:729-742. [PMID: 31094421 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxz042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Stromal cells in bone marrow (BM) constitute a specific microenvironment supporting the development and maintenance of hematopoietic cells. Adiponectin is a cytokine secreted by adipocytes. Besides its anti-diabetic and anti-atherogenic roles, adiponectin reportedly regulates the development and function of hematopoietic cells in BM. However, it remains unclear whether mesenchymal stromal cells in BM express adiponectin. Here, we show that PDGFRβ+VCAM-1+ stromal cells express adiponectin. Lineage tracing revealed that a majority of PDGFRβ+VCAM-1+ cells were targeted by an adiponectin promoter-driven Cre (Adipoq-Cre) transgene. Additionally, the Adipoq-Cre transgene targets a minority of osteoblasts at a younger age but larger populations are targeted at an older age. Furthermore, the Adipoq-Cre transgene targets almost all CXCL12-abundant reticular (CAR) cells and most of the stromal cells targeted by the Adipoq-Cre transgene are CAR cells. Finally, deletion of interleukin-7 (IL-7) by the Adipoq-Cre transgene resulted in severe impairment of B lymphopoiesis in BM. These results demonstrate that PDGFRβ+VCAM-1+ stromal cells in BM express adiponectin and are targeted by the Adipoq-Cre transgene, suggesting a broader specificity of the Adipoq-Cre transgene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisa Mukohira
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute of Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takahiro Hara
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute of Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shinya Abe
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute of Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shizue Tani-Ichi
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute of Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Laboratory of Biological Chemistry, Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Atsuko Sehara-Fujisawa
- Laboratory of Tissue Stem Cell Biology, Department of Regeneration Science and Engineering, Institute of Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takashi Nagasawa
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Developmental Immunology, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences and Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Tobe
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Koichi Ikuta
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute of Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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34
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Tani-Ichi S, Wagatsuma K, Hara T, Cui G, Abe S, Miyachi H, Kitano S, Ikuta K. Innate-like CD27 +CD45RB high γδ T Cells Require TCR Signaling for Homeostasis in Peripheral Lymphoid Organs. J Immunol 2020; 204:2671-2684. [PMID: 32238459 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1801243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
TCR signaling is required for homeostasis of naive αβ T cells. However, whether such a signal is necessary for γδ T cell homeostasis in the periphery remains unknown. In this study, we present evidence that a portion of Vγ2+ γδ T cells, one of the major γδ T cell subsets in the secondary lymphoid organs, requires TCR signaling for homeostasis. To attenuate γδTCR signals, we generated mice lacking Eγ4 (Eγ4-/-), an enhancer located at the 3'-most end of the TCRγ locus. Overall, we found that in thymus, Eγ4 loss altered V-J rearrangement, chromatin accessibility, and transcription of the TCRγ locus in a distance-dependent manner. Vγ2+ γδ T cells in Eγ4-/- mice developed normally both fetal and adult mouse thymi but were relatively reduced in number in spleen and lymph nodes. Although Vγ2 TCR transcription decreased in all subpopulations of Eγ4-/- mice, the number of Vγ2+ γδ T cells decreased and TCR signaling was attenuated only in the innate-like CD27+CD45RBhigh subpopulation in peripheral lymphoid organs. Consistently, CD27+CD45RBhigh Vγ2+ γδ T cells from Eγ4-/- mice transferred into Rag2-deficient mice were not efficiently recovered, suggesting that continuous TCR signaling is required for their homeostasis. Finally, CD27+CD45RBhigh Vγ2+ γδ T cells from Eγ4-/- mice showed impaired TCR-induced activation and antitumor responses. These results suggest that normal homeostasis of innate-like CD27+CD45RBhigh Vγ2+ γδ T cells in peripheral lymphoid organs requires TCR signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shizue Tani-Ichi
- Laboratory of Biological Chemistry, Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan; .,Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Keisuke Wagatsuma
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.,Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan; and
| | - Takahiro Hara
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Guangwei Cui
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Shinya Abe
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Miyachi
- Reproductive Engineering Team, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Satsuki Kitano
- Reproductive Engineering Team, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Koichi Ikuta
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan;
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35
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Inokawa H, Umemura Y, Shimba A, Kawakami E, Koike N, Tsuchiya Y, Ohashi M, Minami Y, Cui G, Asahi T, Ono R, Sasawaki Y, Konishi E, Yoo SH, Chen Z, Teramukai S, Ikuta K, Yagita K. Chronic circadian misalignment accelerates immune senescence and abbreviates lifespan in mice. Sci Rep 2020; 10:2569. [PMID: 32054990 PMCID: PMC7018741 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-59541-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Modern society characterized by a 24/7 lifestyle leads to misalignment between environmental cycles and endogenous circadian rhythms. Persisting circadian misalignment leads to deleterious effects on health and healthspan. However, the underlying mechanism remains not fully understood. Here, we subjected adult, wild-type mice to distinct chronic jet-lag paradigms, which showed that long-term circadian misalignment induced significant early mortality. Non-biased RNA sequencing analysis using liver and kidney showed marked activation of gene regulatory pathways associated with the immune system and immune disease in both organs. In accordance, we observed enhanced steatohepatitis with infiltration of inflammatory cells. The investigation of senescence-associated immune cell subsets from the spleens and mesenteric lymph nodes revealed an increase in PD-1+CD44high CD4 T cells as well as CD95+GL7+ germinal center B cells, indicating that the long-term circadian misalignment exacerbates immune senescence and consequent chronic inflammation. Our results underscore immune homeostasis as a pivotal interventional target against clock-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitoshi Inokawa
- Department of Physiology and Systems Bioscience, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Umemura
- Department of Physiology and Systems Bioscience, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Akihiro Shimba
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Eiryo Kawakami
- Medical Sciences Innovation Hub Program, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan.,Artificial Intelligence Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-0856, Japan
| | - Nobuya Koike
- Department of Physiology and Systems Bioscience, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Tsuchiya
- Department of Physiology and Systems Bioscience, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Munehiro Ohashi
- Department of Physiology and Systems Bioscience, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Yoichi Minami
- Department of Physiology and Systems Bioscience, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Guangwei Cui
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Takuma Asahi
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.,Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Ryutaro Ono
- Department of Physiology and Systems Bioscience, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Yuh Sasawaki
- Department of Physiology and Systems Bioscience, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Eiichi Konishi
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Seung-Hee Yoo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin St., Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Zheng Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin St., Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Satoshi Teramukai
- Department of Biostatistics, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Koichi Ikuta
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Yagita
- Department of Physiology and Systems Bioscience, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan.
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Cui G, Shimba A, Ma G, Takahara K, Tani-Ichi S, Zhu Y, Asahi T, Abe A, Miyachi H, Kitano S, Hara T, Yasunaga JI, Suwanai H, Yamada H, Matsuoka M, Ueki K, Yoshikai Y, Ikuta K. IL-7R-Dependent Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase Competes with the STAT5 Signal to Modulate T Cell Development and Homeostasis. J Immunol 2020; 204:844-857. [PMID: 31924648 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1900456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
T cell development and homeostasis requires IL-7R α-chain (IL-7Rα) signaling. Tyrosine Y449 of the IL-7Rα is essential to activate STAT5 and PI3K, whereas PI3K recruitment requires IL-7Rα methionine M452. How IL-7Rα activates and regulates both signaling pathways differentially remains unclear. To characterize differential signaling, we established two lines of IL-7Rα mutant mice: IL-7R-Y449F mice and IL-7R-M452L mice. IL-7R-Y449F mice showed decreased PI3K and STAT5 signals, whereas IL-7R-M452L mice showed decreased PI3K but significantly increased STAT5 signaling, owing to a competition between PI3K and STAT5 signaling through Y449 of IL-7Rα. The number of T, B, and mature innate lymphoid cells were markedly reduced in IL-7R-Y449F mice, whereas IL-7R-M452L mice showed impaired early T cell development and memory precursor effector T cell maintenance with the downregulation of transcription factor T cell factor-1. Peripheral T cell numbers increased in IL-7R-M452L mice with enhanced survival and homeostatic proliferation. Furthermore, although wild type and IL-7R-Y449F mice showed comparable Th1/Th2 differentiation, IL-7R-M452L mice exhibited impaired Th17 differentiation. We conclude that PI3K competes with STAT5 under IL-7Rα and maintains an appropriate signal balance for modulating T cell development and homeostasis. To our knowledge, this study provides a new insight into complex regulation of IL-7Rα signaling, which supports immune development and responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangwei Cui
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Akihiro Shimba
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Guangyong Ma
- Laboratory of Virus Control, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Takahara
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Shizue Tani-Ichi
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.,Laboratory of Biological Chemistry, Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Yuanbo Zhu
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.,Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Takuma Asahi
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.,Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Akifumi Abe
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Miyachi
- Reproductive Engineering Team, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Satsuki Kitano
- Reproductive Engineering Team, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Takahiro Hara
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichirou Yasunaga
- Laboratory of Virus Control, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Hirotsugu Suwanai
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan
| | - Hisakata Yamada
- Division of Host Defense, Network Center for Infectious Diseases, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Masao Matsuoka
- Laboratory of Virus Control, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.,Department of Hematology, Rheumatology and Infectious Disease, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan; and
| | - Kohjiro Ueki
- Department of Molecular Diabetic Medicine, Diabetes Research Center, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan
| | - Yasunobu Yoshikai
- Division of Host Defense, Network Center for Infectious Diseases, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Koichi Ikuta
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan;
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Rodríguez-Caparrós A, García V, Casal Á, López-Ros J, García-Mariscal A, Tani-ichi S, Ikuta K, Hernández-Munain C. Notch Signaling Controls Transcription via the Recruitment of RUNX1 and MYB to Enhancers during T Cell Development. J I 2019; 202:2460-2472. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1801650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Baumann NS, Torti N, Welten SPM, Barnstorf I, Borsa M, Pallmer K, Oduro JD, Cicin-Sain L, Ikuta K, Ludewig B, Oxenius A. Tissue maintenance of CMV-specific inflationary memory T cells by IL-15. PLoS Pathog 2018; 14:e1006993. [PMID: 29652930 PMCID: PMC5919076 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2017] [Revised: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection induces an atypical CD8 T cell response, termed inflationary, that is characterised by accumulation and maintenance of high numbers of effector memory like cells in circulation and peripheral tissues—a feature being successfully harnessed for vaccine purposes. Although stability of this population depends on recurrent antigen encounter, the requirements for prolonged survival in peripheral tissues remain unknown. Here, we reveal that murine CMV-specific inflationary CD8 T cells are maintained in an antigen-independent manner and have a half-life of 12 weeks in the lung tissue. This half-life is drastically longer than the one of phenotypically comparable inflationary effector cells. IL-15 alone, and none of other common γ-cytokines, was crucial for survival of inflationary cells in peripheral organs. IL-15, mainly produced by non-hematopoietic cells in lung tissue and being trans-presented, promoted inflationary T cell survival by increasing expression of Bcl-2. These results indicate that inflationary CD8 T cells are not just simply effector-like cells, rather they share properties of both effector and memory CD8 T cells and they appear to be long-lived cells compared to the effector cells from acute virus infections. A majority of the human population is infected with cytomegalovirus (CMV), which results in lifelong persistence due to viral latency. CMV induces remarkably strong and sustained effector memory-like CD8 T cell responses in circulation and peripheral tissues, also referred to as memory CD8 T cell "inflation". In tissues, these effector memory-like cells contribute to immunosurveillance and early control of CMV reactivation events. Due to the high numbers and effector-like functional properties of inflationary CD8 T cells in peripheral tissues, CMV-based vectors are gaining substantial interest in the context of T cell based vaccines that protect peripheral tissues against infections or tumors. Here, we investigated how the stable peripheral pool of inflationary CD8 T cells is maintained and show that inflationary CD8 T cells are long-lived T cells and have a markedly prolonged half-life compared to effector CD8 T cells. In peripheral organs such as lung, IL-15 cytokine is pivotal in promoting maintenance of inflationary cells by inducing expression of the anti-apoptotic molecule Bcl-2. We show that IL-15 is mainly expressed by non-hematopoietic cells in lung tissue and that IL-15 is trans-presented to the inflationary CD8 T cells in vivo. Thus, CMV-driven inflationary CD8 T cell responses represent a unique T cell subset in peripheral tissues that is regulated differently compared to TRM CD8 T cells emerging after vaccination or acute infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas S. Baumann
- Institute of Microbiology, Department of Biology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Nicole Torti
- Institute of Microbiology, Department of Biology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Suzanne P. M. Welten
- Institute of Microbiology, Department of Biology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Isabel Barnstorf
- Institute of Microbiology, Department of Biology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Mariana Borsa
- Institute of Microbiology, Department of Biology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Katharina Pallmer
- Institute of Microbiology, Department of Biology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Jennifer D. Oduro
- Department of Vaccinology and applied Microbiology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Luka Cicin-Sain
- Department of Vaccinology and applied Microbiology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Koichi Ikuta
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Burkhard Ludewig
- Institute of Immunobiology, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Annette Oxenius
- Institute of Microbiology, Department of Biology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
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Nakamizo S, Honda T, Adachi A, Nagatake T, Kunisawa J, Kitoh A, Otsuka A, Dainichi T, Nomura T, Ginhoux F, Ikuta K, Egawa G, Kabashima K. High fat diet exacerbates murine psoriatic dermatitis by increasing the number of IL-17-producing γδ T cells. Sci Rep 2017; 7:14076. [PMID: 29074858 PMCID: PMC5658347 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-14292-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a common, chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by epidermal hyperplasia via the IL-23/IL-17 axis. Various studies have indicated the association between obesity and psoriasis, however, the underlying mechanisms remains unclarified. To this end, we focused on high-fat diet (HFD) in this study, because HFD is suggested as a contributor to obesity, and HFD-fed mice exhibit exacerbated psoriatic dermatitis. Using murine imiquimod (IMQ)-induced psoriasis and HFD-induced obesity models, we have revealed a novel mechanism of HFD-induced exacerbation of psoriatic dermatitis. HFD-fed mice exhibited aggravated psoriatic dermatitis, which was accompanied with increased accumulation of IL-17A-producing Vγ4+ γδ T cells in the skin. HFD also induced the increase of Vγ4+ γδ T cells in other organs such as skin draining lymph nodes, which preceded the increase of them in the skin. In addition, HFD-fed mice displayed increased expression of several γδ T cell-recruiting chemokines in the skin. On the other hand, ob/ob mice, another model of murine obesity on normal diet, did not exhibit aggravated psoriatic dermatitis nor accumulation of γδ T cells in the dermis. These results indicate that HFD is a key element in exacerbation of IMQ-induced psoriatic dermatitis, and further raise the possibility of HFD as a factor that links obesity and psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Nakamizo
- Department of Dermatology Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.,Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN) and Institute of Medical Biology (IMB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, IMMUNOS Building, Biopolis, 138648, Singapore
| | - Tetsuya Honda
- Department of Dermatology Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.
| | - Akimasa Adachi
- Department of Dermatology Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Takahiro Nagatake
- Laboratory of Vaccine Materials, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka, 567-0085, Japan
| | - Jun Kunisawa
- Laboratory of Vaccine Materials, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka, 567-0085, Japan
| | - Akihiko Kitoh
- Department of Dermatology Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Atsushi Otsuka
- Department of Dermatology Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Teruki Dainichi
- Department of Dermatology Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Takashi Nomura
- Department of Dermatology Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Florent Ginhoux
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN) and Institute of Medical Biology (IMB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, IMMUNOS Building, Biopolis, 138648, Singapore
| | - Koichi Ikuta
- Laboratory of Biological Protection, Department of Biological Responses, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Gyohei Egawa
- Department of Dermatology Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Kenji Kabashima
- Department of Dermatology Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan. .,Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN) and Institute of Medical Biology (IMB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, IMMUNOS Building, Biopolis, 138648, Singapore. .,PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan.
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Shimba A, Ikuta K. Glucocorticoids Drive Circadian Changes in T-Cell Homing and Response via IL-7 Receptor. The Journal of Immunology 2017. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.198.supp.215.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
The immune system is deeply affected by steroid hormones. Glucocorticoids are a group of steroid hormones with strong immunosuppressive effects and widely used in clinical practice. However, whether glucocorticoids physiologically control homeostasis and response of the immune system remains unclear. We found that glucocorticoid receptor up-regulates IL-7 receptor (IL-7R) of T cells by binding to an enhancer of the IL-7R locus, and the induction followed circadian rhythm consistent with circadian change of glucocorticoid production. The circadian regulation of IL-7R supported T-cell survival and redistribution between spleen, peyer’s patch and blood by controlling the expression of a chemokine receptor, CXCR4. CXCR4 upregulation induced T cell migration to CXCL12-positive area in spleen and peyer’s patch. Consequently, T cell accumulation in spleen promoted immune responses against systemic bacterial infection. Furthermore, GR enhanced IL-4 production in Th2 condition and helped B cell activation and class-switch to IgG1. Our results reveal the beneficial role of glucocorticoids in enhancing adaptive immunity, and provide insights how the immune function is influenced by circadian rhythm.
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Cordeiro Gomes A, Hara T, Lim VY, Herndler-Brandstetter D, Nevius E, Sugiyama T, Tani-Ichi S, Schlenner S, Richie E, Rodewald HR, Flavell RA, Nagasawa T, Ikuta K, Pereira JP. Hematopoietic Stem Cell Niches Produce Lineage-Instructive Signals to Control Multipotent Progenitor Differentiation. Immunity 2016; 45:1219-1231. [PMID: 27913094 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2016.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 219] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Revised: 09/11/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) self-renew in bone marrow niches formed by mesenchymal progenitors and endothelial cells expressing the chemokine CXCL12, but whether a separate niche instructs multipotent progenitor (MPP) differentiation remains unclear. We show that MPPs resided in HSC niches, where they encountered lineage-instructive differentiation signals. Conditional deletion of the chemokine receptor CXCR4 in MPPs reduced differentiation into common lymphoid progenitors (CLPs), which decreased lymphopoiesis. CXCR4 was required for CLP positioning near Interleukin-7+ (IL-7) cells and for optimal IL-7 receptor signaling. IL-7+ cells expressed CXCL12 and the cytokine SCF, were mesenchymal progenitors capable of differentiation into osteoblasts and adipocytes, and comprised a minor subset of sinusoidal endothelial cells. Conditional Il7 deletion in mesenchymal progenitors reduced B-lineage committed CLPs, while conditional Cxcl12 or Scf deletion from IL-7+ cells reduced HSC and MPP numbers. Thus, HSC maintenance and multilineage differentiation are distinct cell lineage decisions that are both controlled by HSC niches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Cordeiro Gomes
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, 4099-002 Porto, Portugal
| | - Takahiro Hara
- Laboratory of Biological Protection, Department of Biological Responses, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
| | - Vivian Y Lim
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | | | - Erin Nevius
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Tatsuki Sugiyama
- Department of Immunobiology and Hematology, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan; Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Developmental Immunology, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences and Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 1-3 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shizue Tani-Ichi
- Laboratory of Biological Protection, Department of Biological Responses, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Susan Schlenner
- Autoimmune Genetics Laboratory, VIB, Leuven 3000, Belgium; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Ellen Richie
- Department of Molecular Carcinogenesis, University of Texas, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Science Park Research Division, Smithville, TX 78957, USA
| | - Hans-Reimer Rodewald
- Division of Cellular Immunology, German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Richard A Flavell
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute
| | - Takashi Nagasawa
- Department of Immunobiology and Hematology, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan; Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Developmental Immunology, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences and Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 1-3 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Koichi Ikuta
- Laboratory of Biological Protection, Department of Biological Responses, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - João Pedro Pereira
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y. Morikawa
- NERC Institute of Virology, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3SR, UK
| | - K. Ohki
- Institute of Immunological Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - K. Ikuta
- Institute of Immunological Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - I. Jones
- NERC Institute of Virology, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3SR, UK
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Kumagai K, Nabeshima S, Kato S, Watanabe M, Ikuta K. Selective Killing of HIV-Infected Cells by Liposomes Composed of dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine/phosphatidylserine/cholesterol. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/095632029100200303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We have previously shown that liposomes containing fragment A of diphtheria toxin, which were prepared by the detergent-dialysis method with egg phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylserine and cholesterol, possess a selective killing activity against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1-infected cells, but not against uninfected cells (Ikuta et al., 1987). Since the liposomes were found to be unstable in human plasma in vitro, we prepared improved liposomes by the extrusion method with dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine instead of egg phosphatidylcholine. These liposomes were found to be very stable in human plasma, and also possessed the selective killing activity against HIV-1-infected cells. In addition, it was found that the fragment A in the liposomes was not necessary for the selective cell killing activity. The cell killing activity and selectivity of HIV-1-infected cells of the liposomes were remarkably affected by cholesterol content and the acyl chain length of the saturated fatty acid of phosphatidylcholines. These data suggest that membranes of liposomes can interact specifically with HIV-1-infected cells, but not with uninfected cells, resulting in the inhibition of cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Kumagai
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Takarazuka Research Center, Sumitomo Chemical Co. Ltd, Takatsukasa, Takarazuka, Hyogo 665, Japan
| | - S. Nabeshima
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Takarazuka Research Center, Sumitomo Chemical Co. Ltd, Takatsukasa, Takarazuka, Hyogo 665, Japan
| | - S. Kato
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565, Japan
| | - M. Watanabe
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565, Japan
| | - K. Ikuta
- Institute of Immunological Science, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060, Japan
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Li ZY, Yamashita A, Kawashita N, Sasaki T, Pan Y, Ono KI, Ikuta K, Li YG. Characterization of two anti-dengue human monoclonal antibodies prepared from PBMCs of patients with dengue illness in Thailand. Acta Virol 2016; 60:166-73. [PMID: 27265466 DOI: 10.4149/av_2016_02_166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The global spread of the four dengue virus (DENV) serotypes (dengue-1 to -4) has made this virus a major and growing public health concern. Generally, pre-existing neutralizing antibodies derived from primary infection play a significant role in protecting against subsequent infection with the same serotype. By contrast, these pre-existing antibodies are believed to mediate a non-protective response to subsequent heterotypic DENV infections, leading to the onset of dengue illness. In this study, two monoclonal antibodies prepared by using peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients with dengue fever were characterized. Epitope mapping revealed that amino acid residues 254-278 in domain II of the viral envelope protein E were the target region of these antibodies. A database search revealed that certain sequences in this epitope region showed high conservation among the four serotypes of DENV. These two human monoclonal antibodies could neutralize DENV-2,-4 more effectively than DENV-1,-3. The amino acid sequences could not explain this difference in neutralizing activity. However, the 3D structure results showed that amino acid 274 could be the critical residue for the difference in neutralization. These results may provide basic information for the development of a dengue vaccine.
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45
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Ikuta K, Waguri-Nagaya Y, Tatematsu N, Kawaguchi Y, Terazawa T, Kobayashi M, Aoyama M, Asai K, Otsuka T. FRI0018 Sp1 Interference Prevents Joint Destruction of Ra through Inhibitory Effects of Gliostatin and Matrix Metalloproteinase-3. Ann Rheum Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-eular.3480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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46
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Kawaguchi Y, Waguri-Nagaya Y, Ikuta K, Tatematsu N, Kobayashi M, Goto H, Nozaki M, Asai K, Otsuka T. FRI0041 The JAK Inhibitor (Tofacitinib) Inhibits TNF-Induced Gliostatin/thymidine Phosphorylase Expression in Human Fibroblast-like Synoviocytes. Ann Rheum Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-eular.2889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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47
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Tatematsu N, Waguri-Nagaya Y, Kawaguchi Y, Ikuta K, Kobayashi M, Nozaki M, Asai K, Aoyama M, Otsuka T. FRI0055 Sp1 Inhibitor Modulates The Autocrine Action of Gliostatin/Thymidine Phosphorylase (GLS/TYMP) in Rheumatoid Fibroblast-like Synoviocytes. Ann Rheum Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-eular.2028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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48
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Pereira JP, Lim V, Gomes A, Hara T, Herndler-Brandstetter D, Flavell RA, Nagasawa T, Ikuta K. Hematopoietic stem cell niches control multipotent progenitor differentiation. The Journal of Immunology 2016. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.196.supp.122.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) self-renew in bone marrow niches formed by CXCL12+ mesenchymal progenitor and endothelial cells. Here, we show that hematopoietic multipotent progenitors (MPPs) encounter lineage-instructive differentiation signals in HSC niches. Conditional deletion of CXCR4 in MPPs profoundly reduced differentiation into common lymphoid progenitors (CLPs), which significantly decreased lymphopoiesis. CXCR4 was required for CLP positioning near IL-7+ cells and, consequently, for optimal IL-7R signaling. IL-7+ cells form a large subset of CXCL12-abundant reticular mesenchymal progenitor cells capable of differentiation into osteoblasts and adipocytes, and a minor subset of BM sinusoidal endothelial cells. Conditional Il7 deletion in Lepr+ mesenchymal progenitor cells dramatically reduced B-lineage committed CLPs, developing B cell subsets, and peripheral mature B cells. Importantly, more than 50% of HSCs and MPPs were found in direct contact with IL-7+ cells, and more than 75% of HSCs and MPPs resided at <15 micrometers away from IL-7+ cells. Our studies demonstrate that MPPs and CLPs rely on positional cues to encounter short-range lymphopoietic signals provided by CXCL12+ mesenchymal progenitors. We conclude that HSC maintenance and multilineage differentiation are distinct cell lineage decisions controlled by HSC niches.
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49
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Huang Y, Getahun A, Heiser RA, Detanico TO, Aviszus K, Kirchenbaum GA, Casper TL, Huang C, Aydintug MK, Carding SR, Ikuta K, Huang H, Wysocki LJ, Cambier JC, O'Brien RL, Born WK. γδ T Cells Shape Preimmune Peripheral B Cell Populations. J Immunol 2015; 196:217-31. [PMID: 26582947 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1501064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2015] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
We previously reported that selective ablation of certain γδ T cell subsets, rather than removal of all γδ T cells, strongly affects serum Ab levels in nonimmunized mice. This type of manipulation also changed T cells, including residual γδ T cells, revealing some interdependence of γδ T cell populations. For example, in mice lacking Vγ4(+) and Vγ6(+) γδ T cells (B6.TCR-Vγ4(-/-)/6(-/-)), we observed expanded Vγ1(+) cells, which changed in composition and activation and produced more IL-4 upon stimulation in vitro, increased IL-4 production by αβ T cells as well as spontaneous germinal center formation in the spleen, and elevated serum Ig and autoantibodies. We therefore examined B cell populations in this and other γδ-deficient mouse strains. Whereas immature bone marrow B cells remained largely unchanged, peripheral B cells underwent several changes. Specifically, transitional and mature B cells in the spleen of B6.TCR-Vγ4(-/-)/6(-/-) mice and other peripheral B cell populations were diminished, most of all splenic marginal zone (MZ) B cells. However, relative frequencies and absolute numbers of Ab-producing cells, as well as serum levels of Abs, IL-4, and BAFF, were increased. Cell transfers confirmed that these changes are directly dependent on the altered γδ T cells in this strain and on their enhanced potential of producing IL-4. Further evidence suggests the possibility of direct interactions between γδ T cells and B cells in the splenic MZ. Taken together, these data demonstrate the capability of γδ T cells of modulating size and productivity of preimmune peripheral B cell populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafei Huang
- Department of Biomedical Research, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO 80206; Joint Laboratory for Stem Cell Engineering and Technology Transfer, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Andrew Getahun
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Ryan A Heiser
- Department of Biomedical Research, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO 80206
| | - Thiago O Detanico
- Department of Biomedical Research, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO 80206
| | - Katja Aviszus
- Department of Biomedical Research, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO 80206
| | - Greg A Kirchenbaum
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Tamara L Casper
- Department of Biomedical Research, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO 80206
| | - Chunjian Huang
- Department of Biomedical Research, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO 80206
| | - M Kemal Aydintug
- Department of Biomedical Research, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO 80206
| | - Simon R Carding
- Institute of Food Research and Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk NR4 7UG, United Kingdom; and
| | - Koichi Ikuta
- Laboratory of Biological Protection, Department of Biological Responses, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Hua Huang
- Department of Biomedical Research, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO 80206
| | - Lawrence J Wysocki
- Department of Biomedical Research, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO 80206; Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - John C Cambier
- Department of Biomedical Research, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO 80206; Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Rebecca L O'Brien
- Department of Biomedical Research, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO 80206; Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Willi K Born
- Department of Biomedical Research, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO 80206; Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Aurora, CO 80045;
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Nishijima H, Kitano S, Miyachi H, Morimoto J, Kawano H, Hirota F, Morita R, Mouri Y, Masuda K, Imoto I, Ikuta K, Matsumoto M. Ectopic Aire Expression in the Thymic Cortex Reveals Inherent Properties of Aire as a Tolerogenic Factor within the Medulla. J Immunol 2015; 195:4641-9. [PMID: 26453754 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1501026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Cortical thymic epithelial cells (cTECs) and medullary thymic epithelial cells (mTECs) play essential roles in the positive and negative selection of developing thymocytes, respectively. Aire in mTECs plays an essential role in the latter process through expression of broad arrays of tissue-restricted Ags. To determine whether the location of Aire within the medulla is absolutely essential or whether Aire could also function within the cortex for establishment of self-tolerance, we used bacterial artificial chromosome technology to establish a semiknockin strain of NOD-background (β5t/Aire-transgenic) mice expressing Aire under control of the promoter of β5t, a thymoproteasome expressed exclusively in the cortex. Although Aire was expressed in cTECs as typical nuclear dot protein in β5t/Aire-Tg mice, cTECs expressing Aire ectopically did not confer transcriptional expression of either Aire-dependent or Aire-independent tissue-restricted Ag genes. We then crossed β5t/Aire-Tg mice with Aire-deficient NOD mice, generating a strain in which Aire expression was confined to cTECs. Despite the presence of Aire(+) cTECs, these mice succumbed to autoimmunity, as did Aire-deficient NOD mice. The thymic microenvironment harboring Aire(+) cTECs, within which many Aire-activated genes were present, also showed no obvious alteration of positive selection, suggesting that Aire's unique property of generating a self-tolerant T cell repertoire is functional only in mTECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitoshi Nishijima
- Division of Molecular Immunology, Institute for Enzyme Research, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
| | - Satsuki Kitano
- Reproductive Engineering Team, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Miyachi
- Reproductive Engineering Team, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Junko Morimoto
- Division of Molecular Immunology, Institute for Enzyme Research, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kawano
- Division of Molecular Immunology, Institute for Enzyme Research, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
| | - Fumiko Hirota
- Division of Molecular Immunology, Institute for Enzyme Research, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan; Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development-Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Tokyo 100-0004, Japan
| | - Ryoko Morita
- Division of Molecular Immunology, Institute for Enzyme Research, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan; Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development-Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Tokyo 100-0004, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Mouri
- Division of Molecular Immunology, Institute for Enzyme Research, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Masuda
- Department of Human Genetics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan; and
| | - Issei Imoto
- Department of Human Genetics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan; and
| | - Koichi Ikuta
- Laboratory of Biological Protection, Department of Biological Responses, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Matsumoto
- Division of Molecular Immunology, Institute for Enzyme Research, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan; Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development-Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Tokyo 100-0004, Japan;
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