1
|
Liu D, Dang HM, Song Y, Wu LS, Cao J, Song BR, Chen C, Dong R. [Clinical features and surgical treatment of right cardiac system tumors]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2024; 104:1628-1630. [PMID: 38742351 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20231115-01102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
A total of 25 patients with right cardiac system tumors in the Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital from January 2012 to October 2022 were retrospectively included in the study. The preoperative data, and information of surgical treatment and perioperative management on these patients were analyzed and summarized. One patient developed pulmonary embolism and died before surgery, and the other 24 patients (16 males and 8 females) received surgical treatment, with an average age of (44.7±10.2) years (24-74 years). Nine patients were diagnosed with malignant tumors. Among the 24 patients who received surgical treatment, two patients died during the perioperative period, in-situ tumor recurrence was seen in three patients within about 1 year after surgery (two patients died without surgery, and one patient died 3 months after surgery), two patients had distant metastasis, and 17 patients had a good prognosis. Right cardiac system tumors are rare, with a high malignant rate, and the clinical manifestations vary greatly. Active surgical intervention is found to be effective, and the prognosis is closely related to the pathological type and extent of tumor invasion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Liu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - H M Dang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Y Song
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - L S Wu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - J Cao
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - B R Song
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - C Chen
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - R Dong
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wu LS, Pan C, Yu JW, Li Y. [Comparative study of laparoscopic Keyhole and Sugarbaker technique in the treatment of terminal paracolostomy hernia]. Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi 2023; 61:503-506. [PMID: 37088483 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112139-20230130-00042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To compare laparoscopic Keyhole repair with Sugarbaker repair in consecutive patients with parastomal hernia. Methods: From January 2015 to December 2021, 117 patients with parastomal hernia were treated with Keyhole or Sugarbaker laparoscopy repairs in the Department of Hernia and Bariatrci Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, and the clinical data were retrospectively analyzed. There were 45 males and 72 females, aged (68.6±8.6) years (range: 44 to 84 years). Laparoscopic Sugarbaker repair was performed in 89 cases, and Keyhole repair was performed in 28 cases. The t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, χ2 test and Fisher exact test were used to compare the observation indicators between the two groups, such as operation time, incidence of operation-related complications, and postoperative recurrence rate. Results: The follow-up period was (M(IQR)) 33 (36) months (range: 12 to 84 months). Compared to the Sugarbaker group, the hernia ring area of the Keyhole group was bigger (35 (26) cm2 vs. 25 (16) cm2, Z=1.974, P=0.048), length of stay was longer ((22.0±8.0) d vs. (14.1±6.2) d, t=5.485, P<0.01), and the postoperative rate of recurrence was higher (28.6% (8/28) vs. 6.7% (6/89), χ2=7.675, P=0.006). There was no difference in operation time and postoperative complications between the two groups. Conclusions: Laparoscopic Sugarbaker repair is superior to Keyhole repair in the recurrence rate of parastomal hernia treated with compsite mesh (not funnel-shaped mesh). There are no differences in operation time and postoperative complications between the two groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L S Wu
- Department of Hernia and Bariatrci Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China
| | - C Pan
- Department of Hernia and Bariatrci Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China
| | - J W Yu
- Department of Hernia and Bariatrci Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Y Li
- Department of Hernia and Bariatrci Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wu LS, Zhong SX. [The progress of application of glucocorticoid in cochlear implantation]. Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2023; 58:279-283. [PMID: 36878512 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20220721-00451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- L S Wu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - S X Zhong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Nikitin SE, Nishimoto S, Fan Y, Wu J, Wu LS, Sukhanov AS, Brando M, Pavlovskii NS, Xu J, Vasylechko L, Yu R, Podlesnyak A. Publisher Correction: Multiple fermion scattering in the weakly coupled spin-chain compound YbAlO 3. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4428. [PMID: 34267197 PMCID: PMC8282856 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24744-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S E Nikitin
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Dresden, Germany. .,Institut für Festkörper- und Materialphysik, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany. .,Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen PSI, Villigen, Switzerland.
| | - S Nishimoto
- Department of Physics, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,Institute for Theoretical Solid State Physics, IFW Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Y Fan
- Department of Physics and Beijing Key Laboratory of Opto-Electronic Functional Materials and Micro-Nano Devices, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China.,Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - J Wu
- Tsung-Dao Lee Institute and School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - L S Wu
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA.,Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - A S Sukhanov
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Dresden, Germany.,Institut für Festkörper- und Materialphysik, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - M Brando
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Dresden, Germany
| | - N S Pavlovskii
- Kirensky Institute of Physics, Federal Research Center, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - J Xu
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Berlin, Germany.,Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum, Technische Universität München, Garching, Germany
| | - L Vasylechko
- Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - R Yu
- Department of Physics and Beijing Key Laboratory of Opto-Electronic Functional Materials and Micro-Nano Devices, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China.
| | - A Podlesnyak
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Chang CF, Huang TY, Huang HH, Shih YL, Chang WK, Hsieh TY, Wu LS, Chen KW, Lin HH. Impact of endoscopic sedation on gastric polyp detection: A one-center retrospective observational study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e22556. [PMID: 33031301 PMCID: PMC10545299 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000022556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Sedation esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) has become more prevalent in many countries. However, owing to the limitation of health insurance payment for sedation EGD in Taiwan, non-sedation EGD still accounts for the majority of cases. This study was aimed to explore the differences between the sedation and non-sedation groups in terms of endoscopic findings, such as detection rate of gastric polyp of any size, number of detected gastric polyps, and location of the gastric polyps detected.We enrolled 10,940 patients who underwent EGD between January 1, 2016 and December 31, 2016 at the Tri-Service General Hospital; among the patients, 1900 received intravenous sedation (IVS) and 9040 did not. The data reviewed included demographics, parameters of the polyp (number, size, and location), and pathology.Compared with the non-sedation group, the sedation group had a higher overall polyp detection rate (P < .001); a greater number of detected polyps (Odds ratio 1.50, P = .007); and a higher detection rate of smaller polyps, such as fundic gland polyp, and hyperplastic polyp (P < .001). Among the pathological findings, gastric neuroendocrine tumor (NET) was detected using EGD in 2 cases and manifested as small polyps (<0.05 cm), and it showed significantly better detection rates in the sedation EGD group than in the non-sedation EGD group (P = .002).Sedation EGD could enhance a patients willingness and cooperation during EGD. Furthermore, sedation EGD increased the detection rates of small gastric polyps and was more likely to enable identification of unusual findings, such as gastric NET.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Feng Chang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei
| | - Tien-Yu Huang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei
| | - Hsin-Hung Huang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei
| | - Yu-Lueng Shih
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei
| | - Wei-Kuo Chang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei
| | - Tsai-Yuan Hsieh
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei
| | - Lian-Shan Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hualien Armed Forces General Hospital, Hualien County, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Wen Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hualien Armed Forces General Hospital, Hualien County, Taiwan
| | - Hsuan-Hwai Lin
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Chiu YL, Tsai WC, Wu CH, Wu CH, Cheng CC, Lin WS, Tsai TN, Wu LS. Ginkgo biloba Induces Thrombomodulin Expression and Tissue-Type Plasminogen Activator Secretion via the Activation of Krüppel-Like Factor 2 within Endothelial Cells. Am J Chin Med 2020; 48:357-372. [PMID: 32108493 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x20500184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The effects of thrombo-prevention, such as antiplatelet and anticoagulant activity, have been reported with the usage of Ginkgo biloba extract (GbE); however, the detailed mechanism has not yet been fully investigated, especially the role of Krüppel-like factor 2 (KLF2). This study aimed to investigate whether GbE can activate KLF2 and then induce thrombomodulin (TM) and tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) secretion to enhance the effects of thrombo-prevention. Different concentrations of GbE were incubated with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) to evaluate its effect on endothelial cells. We found that KLF2 expression is correlated to the risk of atherosclerosis and venous thromboembolism in clinical practice. In the HUVEC cell model, GbE stimulated the expression of KLF2 in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, TM and t-PA secretion increased when the cells were cultured with GbE. Both the expressions and activities of TM and t-PA in the GbE-treated cells declined after KLF2 was blocked by shKLF2. In sum, with GbE treatment, KLF2 expression in human endothelial cells was significantly activated, which in turn induced an increase in the protein expression and activity of TM and t-PA. After shRNA inhibited the KLF2 expression, GbE stopped inducing the expression and activity of TM and t-PA. These findings suggest that GbE exerts an antithrombotic effect on endothelial cells by increasing the TM expression and t-PA secretion; further, KLF2 is a key factor in this mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Lin Chiu
- Department of Biochemistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Wei-Che Tsai
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chih-Hsien Wu
- Department of Biochemistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chun-Hsien Wu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Cheng-Chung Cheng
- Department of Biochemistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Wei-Shing Lin
- Department of Biochemistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Tsung-Neng Tsai
- Department of Biochemistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Lian-Shan Wu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hualien Armed Forces General Hospital, Hualien County 971, Taiwan, R.O.C
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zong QF, Huang YJ, Wu LS, Wu ZC, Wu SL, Bao WB. Effects of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus infection on tight junction protein gene expression and morphology of the intestinal mucosa in pigs. Pol J Vet Sci 2019; 22:345-353. [PMID: 31269354 DOI: 10.24425/pjvs.2019.129226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Tight junction proteins are important for the maintenance and repair of the intestinal mucosal barrier. The present study investigated relationships among tight junction protein gene expression, porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) infection, and intestinal mucosal morphology in piglets. We compared the expression of six tight junction proteins (ZO-1, ZO-2, Occludin, Claudin-1, Claudin-4, and Claudin-5) between seven-day-old piglets infected with PEDV and normal piglets, as well as in PEDV-infected porcine intestinal epithelial cells (IPEC-J2). We also evaluated differences in mucosal morphology between PEDV-infected and normal piglets. The expression of six tight junction protein genes was lower in PEDV-infected piglets than in the normal animals. The expression of ZO-1, ZO-2, Occludin, and Claudin-4 in the intestine tissue was significantly lower (p⟨0.05) in PEDV-infected than in normal piglets. The expression of Claudin-5 in the jejunum was significantly lower in PEDV-infected piglets than in the normal animals (p⟨0.01). The expression of Claudin-1 and Claudin-5 genes in the ileum was significantly higher in PEDV-infected piglets than in normal piglets (p⟨0.01). Morphologically, the intestinal mucosa in PEDV-infected piglets exhibited clear pathological changes, including breakage and shedding of intestinal villi. In PEDV-infected IPEC-J2 cells, the mRNA expression of the six tight junction proteins showed a downward trend; in particular, the expression of the Occludin and Claudin-4 genes was significantly lower (p⟨0.01). These data suggest that the expression of these six tight junction proteins, especially Occludin and Claudin-4, plays an important role in maintaining the integrity of the intestinal mucosal barrier and resistance to PEDV infection in piglets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Q F Zong
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Y J Huang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - L S Wu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Z C Wu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - S L Wu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - W B Bao
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu Yangzhou 225009, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wu LS, Dong R, Dang HM, Song Y, Cao J, Liu D, Huang Q, Fu W, Ma XL. [Short-term outcomes of sequential radial artery grafting in patients with coronary artery disease]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2019; 99:3308-3312. [PMID: 31715666 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2019.42.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the short-term outcomes of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) who underwent coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) with sequential radial artery graft. Methods: Clinical data of patients with CAD who underwent CABG with sequential radial artery graft from August to December 2018 in Beijing Anzhen Hospital was retrospectively analyzed. Computer tomography angiography was employed to evaluate the patency of grafts and the incidence of adverse cardiovascular events was followed up 3 months after surgery. Results: A total of thirty patients were included, with an average age of (60.2±7.3) years old, among whom 83.3% were male, and 93.3% had three-vessel disease detected by coronary angiography. All patients had left internal mammary artery (LIMA) anastomosed to the left anterior descending (LAD) and sequential radial artery graft. Among sequential radial artery grafts, the most frequent anastomosis of sequential radial artery graft was aortic artery (AO)-first diagonal branch (D1)-first obtuse marginal branch (OM1) (13 patients, 43.3%), followed by AO-OM1-second obtuse marginal branch (OM2) (9 patients, 30.0%), and 18 patients also underwent saphenous vein graft. None of 30 patients experienced adverse cardiovascular events during postoperative period in hospital. Three-months follow-up outcomes showed that LIMA-LAD in 1 patient (3.3%) occluded, 3 patients had occluded anastomosis of sequential radial artery graft, 1 patient (3.3%) had heart failure, and 1 patient (3.3%) had recurrent angina. Conclusion: The radial artery could be used as the second arterial graft for CAD patients undergoing CABG with a sequential anastomosis technique, and these patients need regular anti-arterial spasm drug treatment after CABG.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L S Wu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - R Dong
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - H M Dang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Y Song
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - J Cao
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - D Liu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Q Huang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - W Fu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - X L Ma
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wu LS, Nikitin SE, Wang Z, Zhu W, Batista CD, Tsvelik AM, Samarakoon AM, Tennant DA, Brando M, Vasylechko L, Frontzek M, Savici AT, Sala G, Ehlers G, Christianson AD, Lumsden MD, Podlesnyak A. Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid behavior and spinon confinement in YbAlO 3. Nat Commun 2019; 10:698. [PMID: 30741939 PMCID: PMC6370837 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-08485-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Low dimensional quantum magnets are interesting because of the emerging collective behavior arising from strong quantum fluctuations. The one-dimensional (1D) S = 1/2 Heisenberg antiferromagnet is a paradigmatic example, whose low-energy excitations, known as spinons, carry fractional spin S = 1/2. These fractional modes can be reconfined by the application of a staggered magnetic field. Even though considerable progress has been made in the theoretical understanding of such magnets, experimental realizations of this low-dimensional physics are relatively rare. This is particularly true for rare-earth-based magnets because of the large effective spin anisotropy induced by the combination of strong spin-orbit coupling and crystal field splitting. Here, we demonstrate that the rare-earth perovskite YbAlO3 provides a realization of a quantum spin S = 1/2 chain material exhibiting both quantum critical Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid behavior and spinon confinement-deconfinement transitions in different regions of magnetic field-temperature phase diagram.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L S Wu
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA.
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, 518055, Shenzhen, China.
| | - S E Nikitin
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Nöthnitzer Str. 40, 01187, Dresden, Germany
- Institut für Festkörper- und Materialphysik, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Z Wang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - W Zhu
- Westlake Institute of Advanced Study, 310024, Hangzhou, P. R. China
- Theoretical Division, T-4 and CNLS, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, 87545, USA
| | - C D Batista
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
- Shull-Wollan Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - A M Tsvelik
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
| | - A M Samarakoon
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - D A Tennant
- Shull-Wollan Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - M Brando
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Nöthnitzer Str. 40, 01187, Dresden, Germany
| | - L Vasylechko
- Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lviv, 79013, Ukraine
| | - M Frontzek
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - A T Savici
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - G Sala
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - G Ehlers
- Neutron Technologies Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - A D Christianson
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - M D Lumsden
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - A Podlesnyak
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Xiong QL, Jiao XF, Wu LS, Zhang X, Tian YQ, Huang DH. [Two cases report of laryngeal malignant melanoma and a review of literatures]. Lin Chung Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2018; 32:1906-1909. [PMID: 30550138 DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.1001-1781.2018.24.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Summary Two patients both complained of one year history of hoarseness and the clinical manifestations and imageology among 2 patients were lack of specificity. The pathological tissue was successfully eradicated by surgical removal. Histopathology established laryngeal malignant melanoma as the diagnosis. The clinical manifestations and imageology were lack specificity between laryngeal malignant melanoma, laryngeal cancer and other malignant tumor, the diagnosis is difficult, often confirmed by postoperative pathology, the treatment is often by surgery and have a poor prognosis.
Collapse
|
11
|
Rau JG, Wu LS, May AF, Taylor AE, Liu IL, Higgins J, Butch NP, Ross KA, Nair HS, Lumsden MD, Gingras MJP, Christianson AD. Behavior of the breathing pyrochlore lattice Ba 3Yb 2Zn 5O 11 in applied magnetic field. J Phys Condens Matter 2018; 30:455801. [PMID: 30256218 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aae45a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The breathing pyrochlore lattice material Ba3Yb2Zn5O11 exists in the nearly decoupled limit, in contrast to most other well-studied breathing pyrochlore compounds. As a result, it constitutes a useful platform to benchmark theoretical calculations of exchange interactions in insulating Yb3+ magnets. Here we study Ba3Yb2Zn5O11 at low temperatures in applied magnetic fields as a further probe of the physics of this model system. Experimentally, we consider the behavior of polycrystalline samples of Ba3Yb2Zn5O11 with a combination of inelastic neutron scattering and heat capacity measurements down to 75 mK and up to fields of 10 T. Consistent with previous work, inelastic neutron scattering finds a level crossing near 3 T, but no significant dispersion of the spin excitations is detected up to the highest applied fields. Refinement of the theoretical model previously determined at zero field can reproduce much of the inelastic neutron scattering spectra and specific heat data. A notable exception is a low temperature peak in the specific heat at ∼0.1 K. This may indicate the scale of interactions between tetrahedra or may reflect undetected disorder in Ba3Yb2Zn5O11.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J G Rau
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada. Max-Planck-Institut für Physik komplexer Systeme, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
|
13
|
Rau JG, Wu LS, May AF, Poudel L, Winn B, Garlea VO, Huq A, Whitfield P, Taylor AE, Lumsden MD, Gingras MJP, Christianson AD. Anisotropic Exchange within Decoupled Tetrahedra in the Quantum Breathing Pyrochlore Ba_{3}Yb_{2}Zn_{5}O_{11}. Phys Rev Lett 2016; 116:257204. [PMID: 27391749 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.116.257204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The low energy spin excitation spectrum of the breathing pyrochlore Ba_{3}Yb_{2}Zn_{5}O_{11} has been investigated with inelastic neutron scattering. Several nearly resolution limited modes with no observable dispersion are observed at 250 mK while, at elevated temperatures, transitions between excited levels become visible. To gain deeper insight, a theoretical model of isolated Yb^{3+} tetrahedra parametrized by four anisotropic exchange constants is constructed. The model reproduces the inelastic neutron scattering data, specific heat, and magnetic susceptibility with high fidelity. The fitted exchange parameters reveal a Heisenberg antiferromagnet with a very large Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction. Using this model, we predict the appearance of an unusual octupolar paramagnet at low temperatures and speculate on the development of intertetrahedron correlations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J G Rau
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - L S Wu
- Quantum Condensed Matter Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - A F May
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - L Poudel
- Quantum Condensed Matter Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37966, USA
| | - B Winn
- Quantum Condensed Matter Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - V O Garlea
- Quantum Condensed Matter Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - A Huq
- Chemical and Engineering Materials Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - P Whitfield
- Chemical and Engineering Materials Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - A E Taylor
- Quantum Condensed Matter Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - M D Lumsden
- Quantum Condensed Matter Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - M J P Gingras
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
- Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 2Y5, Canada
- Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, 180 Dundas Street West, Suite 1400, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1Z8, Canada
| | - A D Christianson
- Quantum Condensed Matter Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37966, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhao ZQ, Bai R, Liu WL, Feng W, Zhao AQ, Wang Y, Wang WX, Sun L, Wu LS, Cui SX. Roles of oxidative DNA damage of bone marrow hematopoietic cells in steroid-induced avascular necrosis of femoral head. Genet Mol Res 2016; 15:gmr7706. [PMID: 27050982 DOI: 10.4238/gmr.15017706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
An animal model of steroid-induced avascular necrosis of femoral head (SANFH) was established to investigate the role of oxidative DNA damage of bone marrow hematopoietic cells in SANFH. Forty-five-month-old Japanese white rabbits (male or female, 2.5 ± 0.5 kg) were randomly divided into groups A (methylprednisolone + Escherichia coli endotoxin), B (methylprednisolone alone), C (E. coli endotoxin alone), and D (blank control). The animals were sacrificed two and four weeks after administration of the last dose (N = 5 each group and each time). Left and right femoral heads were fixed and decalcified. Empty lacunae were counted by hematoxylin and eosin staining and oxidative DNA damage of bone marrow hematopoietic cells was detected by immunohistochemistry. At week 2, the rate of oxidative DNA damage in bone marrow hematopoietic cells was significantly higher in group A than in groups B, C, and D (P < 0.01), while there was no significant difference between groups B, C, and D. At week 4, the rate of oxidative DNA damage in bone marrow hematopoietic cells was significantly higher in group A than in groups B, C, and D (P < 0.01), while there was no significant difference among groups B, C, and D. Thus, oxidative DNA damage of bone marrow hematopoietic cells appears to play an important role in SANFH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Z Q Zhao
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - R Bai
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - W L Liu
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - W Feng
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - A Q Zhao
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Y Wang
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - W X Wang
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - L Sun
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | | | - S X Cui
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Wu LS, Jimmerson LC, MacBrayne CE, Kiser JJ, D'Argenio DZ. Modeling Ribavirin-Induced Anemia in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C Virus. CPT Pharmacometrics Syst Pharmacol 2016; 5:65-73. [PMID: 26933517 PMCID: PMC4761234 DOI: 10.1002/psp4.12058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ribavirin remains an important component of hepatitis C treatment in certain clinical scenarios, but it causes hemolytic anemia. A quantitative understanding of the ribavirin exposure-anemia relationship is important in dose individualization/optimization. We developed a model relating ribavirin triphosphate (RTP) exposure in red blood cells (RBCs), RBC lifespan, feedback regulation of RBC production when anemia occurs, and the resulting hemoglobin decline. Inosine triphosphatase (ITPA) and interleukin 28B (IL28B) genetics were found to be significant covariates. Clinical trial simulations predicted that anemia is least severe in IL28B non-CC (rs12979860, CT or TT), ITPA variant subjects, followed by IL28B non-CC, ITPA wild-type, IL28B CC, ITPA variant, and IL28B CC, ITPA wild-type subjects (most severe). Reducing the ribavirin dose from 1,200/1,000 mg to 800/600 mg could reduce the proportions of grade 2 anemia by about half. The resulting model framework will aid the development of dosing strategies that minimize the incidence of anemia in treatment regimens that include ribavirin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- LS Wu
- University of Southern California, Biomedical EngineeringLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - LC Jimmerson
- University of Colorado Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesAuroraColoradoUSA
| | - CE MacBrayne
- University of Colorado Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesAuroraColoradoUSA
| | - JJ Kiser
- University of Colorado Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesAuroraColoradoUSA
| | - DZ D'Argenio
- University of Southern California, Biomedical EngineeringLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Gao WL, Wu LS, Zi JH, Wu B, Li YZ, Song YC, Cai DZ. Measurement of serum estrogen and estrogen metabolites in pre- and postmenopausal women with osteoarthritis using high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 48:146-53. [PMID: 25410577 PMCID: PMC4321220 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20144129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2014] [Accepted: 09/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Although 17β-estradiol (E2) deficiency has been linked to the development of osteoarthritis (OA) in middle-aged women, there are few studies relating other estrogens and estrogen metabolites (EMs) to this condition. We developed a high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS/MS) method to measure the levels of six EMs (i.e., estrone, E2, estriol, 2-hydroxyestrone, 2-hydroxyestradiol, and 16a-hydroxyestrone) in healthy pre- and postmenopausal women and women with OA. This method had a precision ranging from 1.1 to 3.1% and a detection limit ranging from 10 to 15 pg. Compared to healthy women, serum-free E2 was lower in the luteal and postmenopausal phases in women with OA, and total serum E2 was lower in postmenopausal women with OA. Moreover, compared to healthy women, total serum 2-hydroxyestradiol was higher in postmenopausal women with OA and total serum 2-hydroxyestrone was lower in both the luteal and follicular phases in women with OA. In conclusion, our HPLC-ESI-MS/MS method allowed the measurement of multiple biochemical targets in a single assay, and, given its increased cost-effectiveness, simplicity, and speed relative to previous methods, this method is suitable for clinical studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W L Gao
- Department of Orthopedics, Linyi People's Hospital of Shandong Province, Linyi, China
| | - L S Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Linyi People's Hospital of Shandong Province, Linyi, China
| | - J H Zi
- Department of Orthopedics, Linyi People's Hospital of Shandong Province, Linyi, China
| | - B Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Linyi People's Hospital of Shandong Province, Linyi, China
| | - Y Z Li
- Guangdong Institute for Drug Control, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Y C Song
- Department of Orthopedics, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - D Z Cai
- Department of Orthopedics, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Chu P, Wu LS, Tang CH, Wu CS. MAJOR ADVERSE CARDIAC EVENTS IN LUPUS PATIENTS DURING PERIPARTUM: PP.22.413. J Hypertens 2010. [DOI: 10.1097/01.hjh.0000379339.33074.d4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
18
|
Yen CF, Lin EC, Wang YH, Wang PH, Lin HW, Hsu JC, Wu LS, Jiang YN, Ding ST. Abundantly expressed hepatic genes and their differential expression in liver of prelaying and laying geese. Poult Sci 2009; 88:1955-62. [PMID: 19687282 DOI: 10.3382/ps.2008-00473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Geese have a short egg-laying period and a low egg production rate. To induce and maintain egg laying, genes related to generating hepatic lipid for yolk deposition should be adequately expressed. Liver mRNA from 6 laying geese was extracted and used for construction of a full-length enriched cDNA library. About 2,400 clones containing gene sequences were determined and National Center for Biotechnology Information Gallus gallus Gene Index databases were used to compare and analyze these sequences. Ten highly expressed genes were selected to determine the differential expression between laying and prelay goose liver. Tissue distribution data showed that very low density apolipoprotein II, liver type fatty acid binding protein, vitellogenin I, and vitellogenin II transcripts were specifically expressed in the liver of laying geese. Ovoinhibitor, preproalbumin, alpha-2-hs-glycoprotein, and vitamin D binding protein mRNA were highly expressed in the liver and to a lesser extent in other tissues. Ovotransferrin mRNA was expressed in liver, ovary, oviduct, shell gland, brain, and adipose tissues. The concentration of transthyretin mRNA was high in the liver and brain. The mRNA concentrations of liver type fatty acid binding protein, alpha-2-hs-glycoprotein, and transthyretin in the livers of laying and prelay geese were not different. The concentrations of hepatic ovotransferrin, ovoinhibitor, preproalbumin, very low density apolipoprotein II, vitellogenin I, vitellogenin II, and vitamin D binding protein mRNA were higher in the liver of laying geese than in prelay geese, suggesting that these genes may be involved in laying function or lipid metabolism related to egg formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C F Yen
- Department of Animal Science and Technology/Center for Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Zhao Y, Ma ZH, Yang Y, Yang SX, Wu LS, Ding BL, Lin ZM, Wang AP, Bu DF, Tu P. SPINK5 gene mutation and decreased LEKTI activity in three Chinese patients with Netherton's syndrome. Clin Exp Dermatol 2007; 32:564-7. [PMID: 17608759 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2230.2007.02438.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Netherton's syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations of the SPINK5 gene, which encodes the lymphoepithelial Kazal-type-related inhibitor (LEKTI) protein. We observed microstructural changes and detected LEKTI activity and SPINK5 gene mutation in three Chinese patients with Netherton's syndrome. Decreased LEKTI activity was found in the skin of patients. Lamellar bodies and foci of electron-dense material were detected in the intercellular spaces of the stratum corneum. A novel homozygous splicing mutation of 1430+2 T-->G was found in the SPINK5 gene in one proband. No mutation was found in the other family.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Abstract
Sustainability aims to harmonise life on Earth without compromising the essential natural resources that should be the birthright of future generations. 'Sustainable medicine' (SM) is just one component of the wide range of possible sustainable approaches to peaceful co-existence. Sustainable medicine envisions an uncomplicated system of maintaining the health of people and animals, both now and for many years to come. This type of medicine is based on ancient wisdom, knowledge and healing arts, combined with the advantages and technical achievements of modern science and other areas of medicine; it is an integrated approach to preventive, safe and affordable healing. The term sustainable medicine also implies that the main therapeutic materials used in the course of practising this type of medicine can be replaced or replenished with minimal environmental damage after harvesting. The aim of sustainable medicine is to maintain the balance of nature, allowing an estimated 7 to 100 million species of life forms to co-exist and reproduce, and to sustain the long-term future of this planet. The world is in the midst of an environmental crisis: anthropogenic environmental damage in the last century was greater than in any previous century. One of the major concerns is the misuse of medicines, and the resulting immune depletion in people and animals. Many traditional medical systems have taught that appropriate adaptation by, and of, an effective defence system is the key to health and survival. This is only possible if priority is given to a preventive rather than a curative approach to health care; the very same approach that is advocated by proponents of SM: an approach based on proper diagnosis and the use of personalised, tailor-made medicine. The authors propose SM (the combination of the advantages of modern, traditional and complementary medical systems) as the best approach to providing better health care services for people and animals. The article presents a brief history of traditional medicines and outlines strategies for developing SM. The authors highlight some important factors in the development of SM in animal health care and attempt to encourage veterinarians to adopt a sustainable approach to treating animals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J H Lin
- Department of Animal Science, National Taipei China University, Taipei 106, Taipei, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Wu LS, Chen JC, Sheu SY, Huang CC, Kuo YH, Chiu CH, Lian WX, Yang CJ, Kaphle K, Lin JH. Isocupressic acid blocks progesterone production from bovine luteal cells. Am J Chin Med 2003; 30:533-41. [PMID: 12568280 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x02000508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The needles of ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Laws.) were reported to induce abortions when fed to late-term pregnant beef cows in North America. An in vivo study of pregnant cows suggested that isocupressic acid (IA) was the main abortifacient isolated from needles and bark of the pine. However, the mechanism of abortifacient activity of IA is not clear yet. In a pregnant cow, the corpus luteum of the ovary helps the maintenance of pregnancy by its progesterone production. This study involved the IA extracted from the root of the Taiwan cypress (Juniperus formosana) and used a frozen-thawed bovine luteal cell culture system to investigate the action of IA on progesterone production. Thawed bovine luteal cells (1 x 10(5) cells/ml/well) in M199 medium were cultured in 24-well culture plates at 37 degrees C in a 5% CO2 incubator. Ten ml of tested drugs, IA at 1 to 1000 ng/ml and/or ovine luteinizing hormone (oLH) at 1 to 100 ng/microl or 8-bromo-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (8-Br-cAMP) with 0.1-10 mM, were added into each well. After 4 hours of incubation, the media were harvested and assayed for progesterone by an enzyme immunoassay. Progesterone production from cells was the indicator used to evaluate the action of IA. All tested doses of IA significantly inhibited progesterone production in both basal and oLH stimulating conditions. Also those dosages inhibited cyclic adenosine-3',5'- monophosphate (cAMP) stimulation, suggesting a post-cAMP mechanism is involved in the IA action. We concluded that IA can induce pregnant cows to abort partly through blocking luteal function and may be identified as a new abortifacient chemical.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L S Wu
- Department of Animal Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Abstract
Repeat breeders cause great economic loss in dairy herds. This study determined the efficacy of simple aquapuncture therapy (acupuncture combined with injection) to treat repeat breeders in two dairy herds (one in Hsinchu County and the other in Tainan County). Both herds had used gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) beforehand to treat the symptom but the success rate was poor--about 30%. Therefore, cows that failed to respond to GnRH were given the aquapuncture treatment. A total of 18 animals (two heifers and 16 cows) that had failed to conceive to 3-9 services were treated by aquapuncture, in which 10 ml and 5 ml of 50% glucose solution were injected at Baihui (Hundred Meetings, the depression in the center of the lumbosacral space) and Shenpeng (Kidney Shelf, the depression in the space between the lumbar vertebral transverse processes 5-6) acupoints, respectively with a 21G, 1.5-inch hypodermic needle. Both acupoints belong to the traditional acupuncture points of bovine and equine systems. Most animals showed heat within 14 days after aquapuncture and were inseminated artificially. Serum progesterone concentrations and rectal palpation were used for pregnancy diagnosis. The pregnancy rate after the treatment was 14/18 (77.7%) and 12/18 (66.6%) based on progesterone concentration and rectal palpation respectively, suggesting acupuncture as a simple and effective method to treat repeat breeders in dairy herds. However, the final result obtained from actual delivery of fetus in the experimental animals was only 8/18 (44.4%).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J H Lin
- Department of Animal Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, ROC.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Abstract
Since the International Society of Veterinary Acupuncture (IVAS) was founded in 1974, acupuncture (AP) has received greater acceptance by veterinary professionals throughout the world. This article introduces some important animal diseases that respond well to AP therapy. These include resuscitation of small animals, treatment of anoestrous gilts and sows, bovine reproductive disease, canine vertebral problems and equine backpain, etc. Conventional medicine considers these to be difficult cases to treat. Veterinarians have become more aware of the benefits of AP especially for those diseases, thanks to the efforts of experienced practitioners and scientists, and the many published reports on veterinary AP that have introduced some good indications for AP therapy in veterinary practice. Possible mechanisms behind the effectiveness of AP are discussed. This article aims to introduce veterinarians to good indications for AP to initiate their interest in the practice of AP. Although this is a rapidly expanding field, a long march must begin with one step. We wish this article to be the shoes for such a march. For more information on veterinary AP, contact IVAS <ivasoffice@aol.com>, P.O. Box 1478, Longmont, CO.. 80502, USA (http://www.ivas.org), or your national veterinary acupuncture society (http://www.komvet.at/ ivadkom/vapsocs.htm).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W W Chan
- Department of Animal Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Wu LS, Sheu SY, Huang CC, Chiu CH, Huang JC, Yang JR, Lian WX, Lai CH, Chen YP, Lin JH. Ginseng flowers stimulate progesterone production from bovine luteal cells. Am J Chin Med 2001; 28:371-7. [PMID: 11154050 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x0000043x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Our previous report first showed evidence that polysaccharides isolated from ginseng leaves obtained from Jilin, China possess luteotropic activities. In this study, we made further investigations on the root and flowers of Korean ginseng by means of the same bioassay system described briefly as follows. Frozen-thawed bovine luteal cells (1 x 10(5) cells/ml/well) in M199 were incubated in 24-well culture plates at 37 degrees C in a 5 % CO2 incubator. Ten microl of tested drugs with 1, 10 and 100 microg/ml were added into each well. After 4- and 24-hr incubation, the media were harvested and assayed for progesterone by an enzyme immunoassay. The production of progesterone from cells is the indicator for evaluating the action of tested drugs. Results showed that hot water extracts ofginseng flowers (GF-1) with 10 to 100 microg/ml significantly increased progesterone production, whereas those from ginseng root (GR-1) could not. Crude polysaccharides (GF-2) isolated from GF-1 is the active component and the small molecules (mw < 10,000 dalton) are excluded, indicating that the ginseng root has no luteotropic activities, but the polysaccharides of ginseng flowers have.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L S Wu
- Department of Animal Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Chen JG, Markovitz DA, Yang AY, Rabel SR, Pang J, Dolinsky O, Wu LS, Alasandro M. Degradation of a fluoropyridinyl drug in capsule formulation: degradant identification, proposed degradation mechanism, and formulation optimization. Pharm Dev Technol 2001; 5:561-70. [PMID: 11109255 DOI: 10.1081/pdt-100102039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this paper was to investigate the degradation chemistry of a fluoropyridinyl drug candidate in capsule formulation and to optimize the formulation based on a proposed degradation mechanism. Small developmental batches of capsules were made by tituration of drug substance and excipients using a mortar and pestle, followed by manual encapsulation. Degradants were identified by LC-MS/MS and LC-photodiode array detector (PDA) and were monitored by LC-ultraviolet detector (UVD) during stability studies. It was found that the drug could undergo a nucleophilic substitution reaction in which hydroxyl groups replace the fluorine substituents on the pyridine rings. The initial degradation rate is independent of the drug concentration but dependent on the temperature, the pH of the microenvironment, and the excipient type. On the basis of these experimental results, a nucleophilic substitution reaction mechanism for the degradation was proposed and a successful capsule formulation was developed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J G Chen
- DuPont Pharmaceuticals Company, Wilmington, Delaware 19880, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Abstract
We investigated the roles of estrogens and androgens in the progesterone biosynthesis of bovine luteal cells. The responsiveness of primary luteal cells to the stimulation of tropic agents was observed in a dose-dependent manner. Estrogens and androgens significantly inhibited tropic agent-induced progesterone secretions, but glucocorticoids did not, which indicated the inhibitions were specific. The failure of exogenous 8-Br-cAMP to prevent these inhibitions suggested that took place at the post-cAMP steps. The immunoblot showed that testosterone remarkably decreased the amount of induced P450scc protein after 6-hour treatment, yet 17beta-estradiol did not. The 3beta-HSD activity assays demonstrated that both 17beta-estradiol and testosterone efficiently blocked induced 3beta-HSD activities. Both inhibitory effects of E2 and T on progesterone synthesis were observed one hour after treatment and accompanied with suppressed 3beta-HSD activities. This study presents that estrogens and androgens specifically inhibit bovine luteal function through different mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I C Guo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Republic of China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Congdon NG, Dreyfuss ML, Christian P, Navitsky RC, Sanchez AM, Wu LS, Khatry SK, Thapa MD, Humphrey J, Hazelwood D, West KP. Responsiveness of dark-adaptation threshold to vitamin A and beta-carotene supplementation in pregnant and lactating women in Nepal. Am J Clin Nutr 2000; 72:1004-9. [PMID: 11010944 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/72.4.1004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Impaired dark adaptation occurs commonly in vitamin A deficiency. OBJECTIVE We sought to examine the responsiveness of dark-adaptation threshold to vitamin A and beta-carotene supplementation in Nepali women. DESIGN The dark-adapted pupillary response was tested in 298 pregnant women aged 15-45 y in a placebo-controlled trial of vitamin A and beta-carotene; 131 of these women were also tested at 3 mo postpartum. Results were compared with those for 100 nonpregnant US women of similar age. The amount of light required for pupillary constriction was recorded after bleaching and dark adaptation. RESULTS Pregnant women receiving vitamin A had better dark-adaptation thresholds (-1.24 log cd/m(2)) than did those receiving placebo (-1.11 log cd/m(2); P: = 0. 03) or beta-carotene (-1.13 log cd/m(2); P: = 0.05) (t tests with Bonferroni correction). Dark-adaptation threshold was associated with serum retinol concentration in pregnant women receiving placebo (P: = 0.001) and in those receiving beta-carotene (P: = 0.003) but not in those receiving vitamin A. Among women receiving placebo, mean dark-adaptation thresholds were better during the first trimester (-1.23 log cd/m(2)) than during the second and third trimesters (-1.03 log cd/m(2); P: = 0.02, t test). The mean threshold of nonpregnant US women (-1.35 log cd/m(2)) was better than that of all 3 Nepali groups (P: < 0.001, t test, for all 3 groups). CONCLUSIONS During pregnancy, pupillary dark adaptation was strongly associated with serum retinol concentration and improved significantly in response to vitamin A supplementation. This noninvasive testing technique is a valid indicator of population vitamin A status in women of reproductive age.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N G Congdon
- Center for Human Nutrition, Department of International Health, The Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Affiliation(s)
- L S Wu
- DuPont Pharmaceuticals Company, Wilmington, DE, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Katz J, West KP, Khatry SK, Pradhan EK, LeClerq SC, Christian P, Wu LS, Adhikari RK, Shrestha SR, Sommer A. Maternal low-dose vitamin A or beta-carotene supplementation has no effect on fetal loss and early infant mortality: a randomized cluster trial in Nepal. Am J Clin Nutr 2000; 71:1570-6. [PMID: 10837300 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/71.6.1570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effect of vitamin A supplementation on the survival of infants aged <6 mo is unclear. Because most infant deaths occur in the first few month of life, maternal supplementation may improve infant survival. OBJECTIVES The objective was to assess the effect of maternal vitamin A or beta-carotene supplementation on fetal loss and survival of infants <6 mo of age. DESIGN Married women of reproductive age in 270 wards of Sarlahi district, Nepal, were eligible to participate. Wards were randomly assigned to have women receive weekly doses of 7000 microg retinol equivalents as retinyl palmitate (vitamin A), 42 mg all-trans-beta-carotene, or placebo. Pregnancies were followed until miscarriage, stillbirth, maternal death, or live birth of one or more infants, who were followed through 24 wk of age. RESULTS A total of 43559 women were enrolled; 15832 contributed 17373 pregnancies and 15987 live born infants to the trial. The rate of fetal loss was 92.0/1000 pregnancies in the placebo group, comparable with rates in the vitamin A and beta-carotene groups, which had relative risks of 1.06 (95% CI: 0.91, 1.25) and 1.03 (95% CI: 0.87, 1.19), respectively. The 24-wk mortality rate was 70.8/1000 live births in the placebo group, comparable with rates in the vitamin A and beta-carotene groups, which had relative risks of 1.05 (95% CI: 0.87, 1.25) and 1.03 (95% CI: 0.86, 1.22), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Small weekly doses of vitamin A or beta-carotene given to women before conception, during pregnancy, and through 24 wk postpartum did not improve fetal or early infant survival in Nepal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Katz
- Department of International Health, the Center for Human Nutrition, the Sight and Life Institute, and the Dean's Office, Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205-2103, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Tai SS, Wu LS, Chen EC, Tzen JT. Molecular cloning of 11S globulin and 2S albumin, the two major seed storage proteins in sesame. J Agric Food Chem 1999; 47:4932-4938. [PMID: 10606554 DOI: 10.1021/jf990366z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Insoluble 11S globulin and soluble 2S albumin, conventionally termed alpha-globulin and beta-globulin, are the two major storage proteins and constitute 80-90% of total seed proteins in sesame. Two full-length cDNA clones were sequenced and deduced to encode sesame 11S globulin and 2S albumin precursors, respectively. Deduced amino acid composition reveals that 2S albumin, but not 11S globulin, is a sulfur-rich protein. Three abundant polypeptides of 50-60 kDa were resolved on SDS-PAGE when seed-purified 11S globulin was prepared in nonreducing conditions. Immunological analysis suggests that these three polypeptides are encoded by homologous genes. Immunodetection on the overexpressed protein of the 11S globulin clone in Escherichia coli indicates that this clone encodes the precursor protein of one of the three purified 11S globulin polypeptides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S S Tai
- Graduate Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan 40227 ROC
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Wu LS, McCormick TJ, Chang RK, Pang J, McCummings T, Ramos M, Hussain MA. Development of an unconventional in vitro drug release test method for a bile acid sequestrant, DMP 504, tablet. Pharm Res 1999; 16:1136-9. [PMID: 10450944 DOI: 10.1023/a:1011916723251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L S Wu
- DuPont Pharmaceuticals Company, Experimental Station, Wilmington, Delaware 19880-0400, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Humphrey JH, Quinn T, Fine D, Lederman H, Yamini-Roodsari S, Wu LS, Moeller S, Ruff AJ. Short-term effects of large-dose vitamin A supplementation on viral load and immune response in HIV-infected women. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol 1999; 20:44-51. [PMID: 9928729 DOI: 10.1097/00042560-199901010-00007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin A supplementation has been suggested for treatment and prevention of HIV infection. However, some in vitro data indicate that vitamin A may activate HIV. Randomly, 40 HIV-seropositive women of reproductive age were allocated to receive a single oral dose of 9900 micromol (300,000 IU) vitamin A or placebo. Plasma HIV-1 RNA concentration, total lymphocytes, selected lymphocyte subsets and activation markers, and in vitro lymphocyte proliferation to phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and Candida were measured before dosing and at various time points over an 8-week follow-up period. No differences were found between treatment groups in the frequency of signs or symptoms of acute vitamin A toxicity, nor were differences evident in any lymphocyte subset or activation marker at any time during follow-up. Mean and median viral load concentration at each time point and change in viral load from baseline to each follow-up point did not differ between treatment groups. No difference was measured between treatment groups in the proportion of women who responded to PHA or Candida. This study provides no evidence that high dose vitamin A supplementation of HIV-infected women is associated with significant clinical or immunologic adverse effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J H Humphrey
- Department of International Health, The Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Humphrey JH, Agoestina T, Juliana A, Septiana S, Widjaja H, Cerreto MC, Wu LS, Ichord RN, Katz J, West KP. Neonatal vitamin A supplementation: effect on development and growth at 3 y of age. Am J Clin Nutr 1998; 68:109-17. [PMID: 9665104 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/68.1.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We reported recently that neonatal supplementation with 52 micromol vitamin A reduced infant mortality by 64%; acute side effects were limited to a 3% excess rate of a bulging fontanelle. The current study was conducted to identify developmental changes at 3 y of age associated with neonatal vitamin A supplementation or a bulging fontanelle. Children who had a bulging fontanelle (n = 91) and 432 children who had normal fontanelles after receiving vitamin A or placebo were evaluated with the Bayley Scales of Infant Development. Mean scores for the mental, psychomotor, and behavioral rating scale (BRS) plus 3 subscales of the BRS were not significantly different for treatment-fontanelle-specific groups. In regression models predicting each score, a bulging fontanelle had a small negative effect in all models; when 1 child who was injured from birth was removed from the analysis the effect of a bulging fontanelle was not significant in any model (P > or = 0.35). Vitamin A supplementation had a small beneficial effect on all developmental scores, which was significant for one of the BRS subscales (orientation-engagement) and also for a second (motor quality) when the outlier child was removed. Compared with children with normal fontanelles in the placebo group, children with a bulging fontanelle in the vitamin A group tended to grow less (-0.5 cm, P = 0.33), whereas those with normal fontanelles in the vitamin A group grew significantly more (0.68 cm, P < 0.05), over the first 3 y of life. This study provides no evidence that neonatal vitamin A supplementation is associated with biologically significant adverse growth or developmental sequelae.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J H Humphrey
- Center for Human Nutrition, The Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Chan WW, Weissensteiner H, Rausch WD, Chen KY, Wu LS, Lin JH. Comparison of substance P concentration in acupuncture points in different tissues in dogs. Am J Chin Med 1998; 26:13-8. [PMID: 9592589 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x98000038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Histologically, acupuncture points show neuronal innervation. One hundred seventy-seven tissue samples of acupuncture points and control points from 4 dogs were collected. Concentrations of substance P, a neurotransmitter, in the skin, muscle and subcutis of acupuncture points and control points were measured by means of enzyme immunoassay. The determined tissue concentrations of substance P (mean +/- SEM) in acupuncture points and control points were 1.81 +/- 0.13 and 1.51 +/- 0.1 ng/g in the muscle, 3.33 +/- 0.29 and 2.63 +/- 0.28 ng/g in the skin and 1.59 +/- 0.22 and 1.32 +/- 0.16 ng/g in the subcutis, respectively. The results indicate that there is a difference in the neurochemical profile between acupuncture points and control points.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W W Chan
- Institut für Medizinische Chemie, Veterinarmedizinische Universität Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Yang WH, Lin JH, Wu LS, Chen TJ. Variations of prostaglandin E2 receptors in hamster's ovary and endometrium during estrous cycle. Life Sci 1998; 62:1013-21. [PMID: 9515559 DOI: 10.1016/s0024-3205(98)00022-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine concurrent ovarian and endometrial prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) receptor concentrations throughout the hamster estrous cycle. The effect of progesterone (P4) on PGE2 receptor in these two tissues was also investigated during in vitro culture. Estrous cycles of mature female hamsters were monitored according to the appearance of the vaginal discharge on cycle day 1 (D1). Ovaries and uteri were removed from cyclic hamsters at 10:00 a.m. on each day of the cycle and at 6:00 p.m. on D4 (proestrus). Ovarian and endometrial cell membranes were collected and assayed for the specific PGE2 binding by Scatchard plot analysis, using seven different concentrations of 3H-PGE2 (0.72-9.1 nM) with or without the presence of unlabelled PGE2 (9.1 microM). Ovarian and endometrial tissues of the cyclic hamsters were shown to contain a saturable, specific binding site with KD=4.69+/-0.55, and 5.7+/-0.4 nM for ovary and endometrium, respectively. Relative binding activity of PGE1 for the PGE2 binding site was about 28%. PGF2alpha and PGA1 did not compete for the PGE2 binding site. In ovaries, the PGE2 receptor levels started to increase sharply in the evening of D4 and reached maximum in the morning of D1. A precipitous drop of PGE2 receptor was observed on D2 followed by gradual decreases on D3 and D4. The PGE2 receptor concentrations in endometrium were the lowest in the morning of D4, and increased thereafter until a maximal level was reached on D2. Progesterone (10 nM) augmented PGE2 receptors in ovarian but not in endometrial tissue during 24-h in vitro incubation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W H Yang
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, ROC
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Wu LS, Wang LD, Chen PW, Chen LJ, Tzen JT. Genomic cloning of 18 kDa oleosin and detection of triacylglycerols and oleosin isoforms in maturing rice and postgerminative seedlings. J Biochem 1998; 123:386-91. [PMID: 9538219 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a021949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Oleosins are hydrophobic proteins localized abundantly in the oil bodies of plant seeds. Two distinct oleosin isoforms of molecular masses 18 and 16 kDa are present in rice oil bodies. These isoforms were found in similar ratio in rice embryos and aleurone layers. To survey potential DNA sequences involved in the activation of oleosin genes, a genomic clone of rice 18 kDa oleosin was sequenced, and its 5'-flanking region was compared with that of the known rice 16 kDa oleosin gene. Corresponding mRNAs of the two rice oleosin isoforms appeared seven days after pollination and vanished in mature seeds. Triacylglycerols and oleosins were accumulated concomitantly in maturing rice reeds in accord with the active assembly of oil bodies, and partly mobilized in postgerminative seedlings. Approximately 60% of the stored triacylglycerols in rice were not utilized: while the majority of oil bodies in embryos were mobilized in five days after imbibition, those in aleurone layers remained intact in postgerminative seedlings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L S Wu
- Graduate Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan 40227
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Tzen JT, Chuang RL, Chen JC, Wu LS. Coexistence of both oleosin isoforms on the surface of seed oil bodies and their individual stabilization to the organelles. J Biochem 1998; 123:318-23. [PMID: 9538209 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a021939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The oil bodies of plant seeds contain a triacylglycerol matrix surrounded by a monolayer of phospholipids embedded with alkaline proteins termed oleosins. Two distinct oleosin isoforms with molecular masses of 18 and 16 kDa are present in rice oil bodies. Chicken antibodies raised against oleosin 18 kDa and rabbit antibodies raised against oleosin 16 kDa did not cross-recognize these two homologous isoforms. This peculiar non-cross recognition was used to locate the two oleosin isoforms on the surface of oil bodies via immunofluorescence detection using anti-chicken IgG conjugated with FITC (fluorescein isothiocyanate) and anti-rabbit IgG conjugated with Texas-Red. The results revealed that both oleosin isoforms resided on each oil body in vivo and in vitro. Artificial oil bodies were reconstituted via sonication using triacylglycerol, phospholipid, and oleosins. The results indicated that the two rice oleosin isoforms could stabilize artificial oil bodies individually whereas oleosin 16 kDa provided better stability to the organelles than oleosin 18 kDa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J T Tzen
- Graduate Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
West KP, LeClerq SC, Shrestha SR, Wu LS, Pradhan EK, Khatry SK, Katz J, Adhikari R, Sommer A. Effects of vitamin A on growth of vitamin A-deficient children: field studies in Nepal. J Nutr 1997; 127:1957-65. [PMID: 9311951 DOI: 10.1093/jn/127.10.1957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Inconsistencies have been observed in the impact of vitamin A (VA) supplementation on early child growth. To help clarify this issue, a cohort of 3377 rural Nepalese, nonxerophthalmic children 12-60 mo of age were randomized by ward to receive vitamin A [60,000 microg retinol equivalents (RE)] or placebo-control (300 RE) supplementation once every 4 mo and followed for 16 mo. VA had no impact on annual weight gain or linear growth. However, arm circumference (AC) and muscle area (MA) growth improved in VA recipients, by 0.13 cm and 25 mm2, respectively, over controls. Growth of children with xerophthalmia, who were treated with >/= 120, 000 RE at base line, was also compared to that of nonxerophthalmic children, stratified by initial wasting status, and adjusted for sex, baseline age and measurement status. Among initially nonwasted children (AC >/= 13.5 cm), VA-treated xerophthalmic children (n = 86) gained 0.7 cm more in linear growth than nonxerophthalmic children. Among initially wasted children (AC < 13.5 cm), VA-treated children (n = 34) gained additional weight (672 g), height (approximately 1 cm), muscle (76 mm2) and fat (79 mm2) areas, and subscapular skinfold (1.3 mm) compared to changes observed in nonxerophthalmic children. Relative increments in soft tissue growth occurred within 4 mo of VA treatment, while the effect on linear growth was gradual. Moderate-to-severe VA deficiency, marked by xerophthalmia, is likely to impair normal physical growth, but milder stages of deficiency may not have this effect in rural South Asia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K P West
- The Center for Human Nutrition (CHN), Department of International Health and the Dana Center for Preventive Ophthalmology (DCPO), the Johns Hopkins Schools of Public Health and Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Abstract
The hygroscopicity of Brequinar sodium, an organ transplant immunosuppressant, at 75% relative humidity highly depends on the crystal form or crystallinity of the drug substance. Hygroscopicity and ease of water uptake of three lots of Brequinar sodium were investigated. Those lots contained different impurities at levels ranging from 0.26% to 0.5%. DSC thermograms of the hydrated samples suggest that unbound/loosely bound water was released around 90 degrees C and water of hydration was released at 175 degrees C. At equilibrium, 2% of the water was tightly bound. Stoichiometry suggests that this is a hemihydrate. Unbound/loosely bound water has no impact on the hemihydrate crystal structure as indicated by x-ray powder diffraction patterns. The results suggest that the less perfect crystals exhibited a faster water uptake and converted to a stable hemihydrate when stored at 75% relative humidity. Both the anhydrous and the hemihydrate forms of Brequinar sodium exhibited rapid dissolution rate and comparable water solubility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L S Wu
- DuPont Merck Pharmaceutical Company, Experimental Station, Wilmington, Delaware 19880-0400, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
West KP, Katz J, Shrestha SR, LeClerq SC, Khatry SK, Pradhan EK, Adhikari R, Wu LS, Pokhrel RP, Sommer A. Mortality of infants < 6 mo of age supplemented with vitamin A: a randomized, double-masked trial in Nepal. Am J Clin Nutr 1995; 62:143-8. [PMID: 7598058 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/62.1.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The effect of supplementing 11,918 infants < 1 mo and 1-5 mo of age with vitamin A (15,000 and 30,000 micrograms retinol equivalents or 50,000 and 100,000 IU, respectively) or a placebo on subsequent 4-mo mortality was assessed in a randomized, double-masked community trial in the rural plains of Nepal. There were 130 deaths (51.6/1000 child-y) in the control group and 150 deaths (57.1/1000 child-y) in the vitamin A group, yielding a relative risk of 1.11 (95% CI: 0.86, 1.42), which is indicative of no overall effect on early infant mortality. There was a tendency for the relative risk of mortality among vitamin A recipients to rise with improved nutritional status. These results suggest that distribution of a large oral dose of vitamin A to infants < 5-6 mo of age may not benefit short-term survival. This is in contrast with the results of trials in which older infants and children in this same population were supplemented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K P West
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Congdon N, Sommer A, Severns M, Humphrey J, Friedman D, Clement L, Wu LS, Natadisastra G. Pupillary and visual thresholds in young children as an index of population vitamin A status. Am J Clin Nutr 1995; 61:1076-82. [PMID: 7733032 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/61.4.1076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
A prototype scotopic sensitivity machine was used to evaluate pupillary and visual thresholds for 295 Indonesian children aged 1-5 y, most of whom were initially vitamin A-deficient. Subjects were tested 6 and 9 mo after receiving a high dose of vitamin A. A group of 136 older children was tested at 6 mo after dosing; all subjects underwent testing at 9 mo. After testing at 9 mo, children randomly received either a second high dose of vitamin A or placebo and were tested a final time 2 wk later. Children with abnormal pupillary thresholds had significantly higher relative dose responses (RDRs) (P < 0.01) and significantly lower serum retinol values (P = 0.05) than did normal children. The mean pupillary threshold rose (eg, retinal sensitivity fell) as vitamin A status deteriorated between 6 and 9 mo after initial dosing, and was significantly different from a group of normal American children tested previously (P < 0.001). After placebo-controlled dosing, the decline in pupillary and visual thresholds (rise in retinal sensitivity) was significant for children receiving vitamin A but not for children receiving placebo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Congdon
- Dana Center for Preventive Ophthalmology, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Congdon N, Sommer A, Severns M, Humphrey J, Friedman D, Clement L, Wu LS, Natadisastra G. Pupillary and visual thresholds in young children as an index of population vitamin A status. Am J Clin Nutr 1995. [DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/61.5.1076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- N Congdon
- Dana Center for Preventive Ophthalmology, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - A Sommer
- Dana Center for Preventive Ophthalmology, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - M Severns
- Dana Center for Preventive Ophthalmology, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - J Humphrey
- Dana Center for Preventive Ophthalmology, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - D Friedman
- Dana Center for Preventive Ophthalmology, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - L Clement
- Dana Center for Preventive Ophthalmology, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - L S Wu
- Dana Center for Preventive Ophthalmology, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - G Natadisastra
- Dana Center for Preventive Ophthalmology, Baltimore, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Khatry SK, West KP, Katz J, LeClerq SC, Pradhan EK, Wu LS, Thapa MD, Pokhrel RP. Epidemiology of xerophthalmia in Nepal. A pattern of household poverty, childhood illness, and mortality. The Sarlahi Study Group. Arch Ophthalmol 1995; 113:425-9. [PMID: 7710390 DOI: 10.1001/archopht.1995.01100040039024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
A case-control study of xerophthalmia (120 cases, two with corneal disease; 3377 children without xerophthalmia, 12 to 60 months of age) was conducted in the rural plains of Nepal. Relative household wealth (ownership of animals and goods, house quality) and social standing (parental education, nondaily laboring, more affluent castes) were inversely related to risk of xerophthalmia. Mothers of cases were more likely to have had children die than mothers of controls (odds ratio, 1.85; 95% confidence interval, 1.22 to 2.78); case households were more likely to have had a young child die in the past year (odds ratio, 2.85; 95% confidence interval, 1.43 to 5.67). Children with xerophthalmia were more wasted and stunted than controls, although these associations largely disappeared after adjusting for socioeconomic influences. Frequency of breast-feeding was highly protective against xerophthalmia in a dose-response manner (odds ratio, 0.32 for 1 to 10 times a day, 0.12 for > 10 times a day) after adjusting for age and other factors. The risk of xerophthalmia rose directly with reported duration of dysentery in the previous week (odds ratio, 2.13 and 5.81 for durations of 1 to 6 days and > or = 7 days, respectively, vs none). Mild xerophthalmia is reflective of a lower, local standard of living within which child health, nutrition, and survival are compromised.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S K Khatry
- National Society for the Prevention of Blindness, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Lin JH, Wu LS, Tsai KT, Leu SP, Jeang YF, Hsieh MT. Effects of ginseng on the blood chemistry profile of dexamethasone-treated male rats. Am J Chin Med 1995; 23:167-72. [PMID: 7572778 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x95000225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Ginseng, a panacea in the Orient, has been widely investigated in the last two decades and found to possess a wide range of pharmacological activities including anti-fatigue properties, a transient regulatory action on metabolism and blood pressure, and an increase in the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenocortical activities. However, a panoramic clinical chemistry study including adrenal and thyroid functions has never been done before. Two experiments with the same design but different concentrations of dexamethasone were performed in this study. The results obtained from the two experiments indicated that ginseng administration at this regime did not influence the blood chemistry profiles in normal rats, but significantly decreased AST and ALT levels from those in dexamethasone-treated ones. It implies that ginseng has a liver-protective effect. Meanwhile, ginseng therapy restores the adrenal and thyroid functions of rats inhibited by dexamethasone treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J H Lin
- Department of Animal Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Abstract
The antiarrhythmic agent moricizine hydrochloride exhibits a single melting-decomposition endotherm peak at temperatures ranging from 209 to 214.5 degrees C (Form I) when recrystallized from polar solvents, as determined by differential scanning calorimetric analysis. However, a different polymorphic form (Form II), with a differential scanning calorimetric melting-decomposition peak temperature of 190 degrees C, was generated by recrystallizing moricizine hydrochloride from nonpolar solvents. These two polymorphic forms can be reversibly converted to one another by selecting recrystallization solvents. The existence of these polymorphs was confirmed by Fourier transform IR microscopy, X-ray powder diffractometry, and solution calorimetry. Polymorphic Form I exhibited a slightly slower initial dissolution rate than Form II, which correlated well with heats of solution data (less heat needed to dissolve Form II). A simulated wet granulation process did not change the polymorphic form, suggesting that wet granulation is feasible for tablet preparation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L S Wu
- DuPont Merck Pharmaceutical Company, Wilmington, DE 19880-0400
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Abstract
A typical anhydrous moricizine hydrochloride, an antiarrhythmic agent, is a non-hygroscopic crystalline material. Three lots of moricizine hydrochloride were found to deliquesce within a day at 85% relative humidity, exhibit different X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) patterns and have more rapid dissolution rate than that of typical anhydrous material. No change in XRPD pattern was observed when the solvent (ethanol) was removed from these lots by heating to 80 degrees C. A two-step water release was observed by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA): a surface water release and a water of hydration release, for these heated samples. The stoichiometry of the water of hydration suggests that it is a hemihydrate. The dissolution rate of the hemihydrate was faster than that of typical anhydrous material. This hemihydrate could be converted to a typical anhydrous material by heating to 90 degrees C. The granules obtained by a simulated wet granulation process on typical lots and typical lots containing up to 20% of hemihydrate exhibited similar physical behaviour to that of typical anhydrous material.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L S Wu
- DuPont Merck Pharmaceutical Company, Experimental Station, Wilmington, DE 19880-0336
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Affiliation(s)
- L S Wu
- Pharmaceutical Research & Development, Du Pont Merck Pharmaceutical Company, Experimental Station, Wilmington, Delaware 19880-0336
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Abstract
The nonopioid kappa agonist analgesic amine, DuP 747, as a hydrochloride salt exhibited an aqueous solubility of 3 mg/ml. This solubility was insufficient to provide the desired dose in a solution formulation for intramuscular administration. Aqueous solutions of the hydrochloride salt exerted surface activity behavior; however, the critical micellar concentration (CMC) was not reached at the saturation solubility. Enhanced aqueous solubility required to reach the CMC could lead to micellization of the compound and a possible i.m. solution formula. The methanesulfonate salt was more water soluble than the hydrochloride salt and yielded a micellar solution with a concentration of 60 mg/ml.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M A Hussain
- Du Pont Merck Pharmaceutical Co., Experimental Station, Wilmington, Delaware 19880-0400
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Abstract
The whole-animal content of the cortisol was measured in embryos and larvae of tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus), rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), ayu (Plecoglossus altivelis), milkfish (Chanos chanos), and yellowfin bream (Acanthropagrus latus) by radioimmunoassay following the validation of an extraction method. The total cortisol content in tilapia was 50.3 +/- 19.1 pg immediately following fertilization, then decreased abruptly and maintained a lower level of 10-17 pg until larval hatching; after hatching the cortisol content increased to 47.2 +/- 11.9 pg by the seventh day. Newly hatched rainbow trout had 60.3 +/- 6.4 pg cortisol and then increased their cortisol level slowly to 83.0 +/- 7.2 pg by the fifth day after hatching. Ayu larvae contained 5.2 pg cortisol immediately following hatching. On the other hand, pelagic milkfish revealed a much lower cortisol level, being undetectable from hatching until the second day and ranging from 0.4 to 3.7 pg from the third to seventh day after hatching. Yellowfin bream, demonstrating a similarity to milkfish, were not found to have any detectable cortisol from hatching until the third day, but presented 1.6-7.7 pg from the fifth to seventh day after hatching. The presence and clearance of cortisol during early development of fertilized eggs of tilapia suggest a maternal origin of the hormone. The amount of cortisol deposited in the larval body of tilapia increased after hatching from 25% to nearly 100% of the total cortisol in whole larvae, while that in the larval yolk sac decreased to an undetectable level, implying that the increased cortisol may be produced or secreted by the larva. The possible role of cortisol in larval development is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P P Hwang
- Institute of Zoology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Wu LS. Evaluation and manipulative therapy of patellar malalignment: a clinical review and preliminary report. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 1991; 14:428-35. [PMID: 1940676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Patellar malalignment is difficult to diagnose, but can respond well to conservative care. This paper discusses the clinical and radiographic diagnostic features of patellar malalignment, as well as conservative care for this condition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L S Wu
- Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing
| |
Collapse
|