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Viñas L, Pérez-Fernandez B, Besada V, Gago J, McHugh B, Parra S. PAHs and trace metals in marine surficial sediments from the Porcupine Bank (NE Atlantic): A contribution to establishing background concentrations. Sci Total Environ 2023; 856:159189. [PMID: 36195152 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about pollutant concentrations in marine remote areas such as the Porcupine Bank in the NE Atlantic Ocean. Remote locations are much less studied than the more readily accessible coastal areas, nevertheless, are of great importance both to unveil how far human influence has reached and, are more challenging, to infer background concentrations (BCs) of naturally occurring and/or anthropogenic pollutants. Knowledge of contaminant background levels are critical for establishing remediation and management strategies; in addition, background assessment is heavily emphasised in legislative monitoring requirements. Obtaining suitable sampling locations to assess background concentrations can be challenging, as samples should match characteristics to the target area and not be impacted by historical or current inputs of the chemical substances of study. Anthropogenic impacts generally deem local-based sampling to be unsuitable to infer background pollution values. Sampling in remote areas such as the Porcupine Bank better fulfils low impact and pressure requirements making them more suitable for the derivation of background concentration estimates for organic compounds and metals. The total concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and metal(loid)s in deep sea sediments were evaluated and both an environmental status and a set of concentration data were adequate to derive BCs concentrations is presented. Concentration data indicated, in comparison with previous published data, trace level presence of PAHs and metal(loids) in sediments from the Porcupine Bank. These values will provide a valuable tool to identify the natural presence of organic and inorganic compounds and be the basis to perform a sound environmental assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Viñas
- Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo, Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO), CSIC, Subida a Radio Faro 50, 36390 Vigo, Spain.
| | - Begoña Pérez-Fernandez
- Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo, Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO), CSIC, Subida a Radio Faro 50, 36390 Vigo, Spain.
| | - Victoria Besada
- Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo, Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO), CSIC, Subida a Radio Faro 50, 36390 Vigo, Spain.
| | - Jesus Gago
- Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo, Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO), CSIC, Subida a Radio Faro 50, 36390 Vigo, Spain.
| | - Brendan McHugh
- Marine Institute, Rinville, Oranmore, County Galway H91 R673, Ireland.
| | - Santiago Parra
- Centro Oceanográfico de A Coruña, Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO), CSIC, Puerto Marítimo Alcalde Francisco Vázquez, 10, 15001 A Coruña, Spain.
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2
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Solé M, Freitas R, Viñas L, Rivera-Ingraham GA. Biomarker considerations in monitoring petrogenic pollution using the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2020; 27:31854-31862. [PMID: 32504435 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-09427-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Mussels are worldwide bioindicators in pollution monitoring since they fulfil the requirements for being good sentinels. However, some methodological concerns arise in the use of particular biomarkers, particularly those displaying low enzymatic rates and/or limited responsiveness to chemicals and biological-related variability. In the present study, the suitability of oxidative stress and detoxification parameters when using mussels as sentinels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) pollution is addressed. Present results show that the S9 subcellular fraction of the digestive gland in mussels is an adequate and convenient matrix where to measure most pollution-related biomarkers. Furthermore, this work constitutes the first evidence of the potential suitability of using particular carboxylesterase (CE) activities in determining PAHs exposure in mussels. This fact could imply the replacement of more controversial cytochrome P450 components (phase I oxidation), which are only measurable in microsomal fractions, by CEs (measured in S9 fractions) as good alternatives for phase I reactions in PAH-exposed mussels. Some methodological considerations, such as the need of including commercial purified proteins in biomarker determinations for quality assurance, are evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Montserrat Solé
- Institute of Marine Sciences (ICM-CSIC), Pg. Marítim de la Barceloneta 37-49, 08003, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Rosa Freitas
- Departamento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Lucia Viñas
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO), Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo, Subida a Radio Faro 50, 36390, Vigo, Spain
| | - Georgina A Rivera-Ingraham
- Laboratorio de Fisiología y Genética Marina (FIGEMA), Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Zonas Áridas, Universidad Católica del Norte, Larrondo 1281, Coquimbo, Chile
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3
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Birch GF, Lee JH, Tanner E, Fortune J, Munksgaard N, Whitehead J, Coughanowr C, Agius J, Chrispijn J, Taylor U, Wells F, Bellas J, Besada V, Viñas L, Soares-Gomes A, Cordeiro RC, Machado W, Santelli RE, Vaughan M, Cameron M, Brooks P, Crowe T, Ponti M, Airoldi L, Guerra R, Puente A, Gómez AG, Zhou GJ, Leung KMY, Steinberg P. Sediment metal enrichment and ecological risk assessment of ten ports and estuaries in the World Harbours Project. Mar Pollut Bull 2020; 155:111129. [PMID: 32469765 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Ten global harbours were assessed for sediment quality by quantifying the magnitude of anthropogenic change and ecological risk. Anthropogenic change (enrichment) was high for Derwent River and Sydney estuary, moderate for Santander Harbour, Rio de Janeiro and Dublin Port, slight for Hong Kong, minimal for Darwin. All 10 enrichment indices used showed similar results. Derwent River sediment was rated at high ecological risk, followed by Sydney and Santander estuaries with moderate risk. Auckland and Darwin sediments exhibited minimal ecological risk and sediment in the remaining harbours (Dublin, Hong Kong, Ravenna, Ria de Vigo and Rio de Janeiro) were assessed at slight ecological risk. The extraordinary variety of environments and types/quantities/qualities of data investigated resulted in as much a critique and development of methodology, as an assessment of human impact, including unique techniques for elemental normalisation and contaminant classification. Recommendations for an improved technical framework for sediment quality assessment are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- G F Birch
- School of Geosciences, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - J-H Lee
- School of Geosciences, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; Lotsearch, 3/68 Alfred Street, Milsons Point, NSW, 2061, Australia
| | - E Tanner
- Sydney Institute of Marine Science, Mosman, NSW, Australia
| | - J Fortune
- Aquatic Health Unit, Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Northern Territory, Australia
| | - N Munksgaard
- Research Institute for the Environment and Livelihoods (RIEL), Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia
| | - J Whitehead
- Derwent River Program, DPIPWE, Tasmania, Australia
| | - C Coughanowr
- Derwent River Program, DPIPWE, Tasmania, Australia
| | - J Agius
- Derwent River Program, DPIPWE, Tasmania, Australia
| | - J Chrispijn
- Derwent River Program, DPIPWE, Tasmania, Australia
| | - U Taylor
- Derwent River Program, DPIPWE, Tasmania, Australia
| | - F Wells
- Derwent River Program, DPIPWE, Tasmania, Australia
| | - J Bellas
- Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo, 36390, Vigo, Pontevedra, Spain
| | - V Besada
- Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo, 36390, Vigo, Pontevedra, Spain
| | - L Viñas
- Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo, 36390, Vigo, Pontevedra, Spain
| | - A Soares-Gomes
- Federal Fluminense University, Marine Biology Department, Valonguinho Campus, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - R C Cordeiro
- Federal Fluminense University, Geochemistry Department, Valonguinho Campus, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - W Machado
- Federal Fluminense University, Geochemistry Department, Valonguinho Campus, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - R E Santelli
- Rio de Janeiro Federal University, Chemistry Institute, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - M Vaughan
- Research and evaluation unit, Auckland Council, New Zealand
| | - M Cameron
- Research and evaluation unit, Auckland Council, New Zealand
| | - P Brooks
- UCD Earth Institute and School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - T Crowe
- UCD Earth Institute and School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - M Ponti
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences and Interdepartmental Research Centre for Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, 48123 Ravenna, Italy
| | - L Airoldi
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences and Interdepartmental Research Centre for Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, 48123 Ravenna, Italy
| | - R Guerra
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Interdepartmental Research Centre of Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, 48123 Ravenna, Italy
| | - A Puente
- IHCantabria - Instituto de Hidráulica Ambiental de la Universidad de Cantabria Avda. Isabel Torres, 15, 39011, Santander, Spain
| | - A G Gómez
- IHCantabria - Instituto de Hidráulica Ambiental de la Universidad de Cantabria Avda. Isabel Torres, 15, 39011, Santander, Spain
| | - G J Zhou
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - K M Y Leung
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - P Steinberg
- Sydney Institute of Marine Science, Mosman, NSW, Australia
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Salgueiro-González N, Campillo JA, Viñas L, Beiras R, López-Mahía P, Muniategui-Lorenzo S. Occurrence of selected endocrine disrupting compounds in Iberian coastal areas and assessment of the environmental risk. Environ Pollut 2019; 249:767-775. [PMID: 30951960 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.03.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The spatial and temporal distribution of selected endocrine disrupting compounds (4-tert-octylphenol, 4-n-octylphenol, 4-n-nonylphenol, nonylphenol, and bisphenol A) in two coastal areas of the Iberian Peninsula (Ria de Vigo and Mar Menor lagoon) were evaluated for the first time. Seawater and sediment samples collected during spring and autumn of 2015 were analysed using greener extraction techniques and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The presence of branched isomers (4-tert-octylphenol and nonylphenol) and bisphenol A in almost all seawater and sediment samples demonstrated their importance as pollutants in the frame of water policy, while no concentrations of linear isomers (4-n-octylphenol and 4-n-nonylphenol) were found. Higher seawater levels were observed in Mar Menor lagoon, especially in spring, associated with wastewater treatment plant effluents and nautical, agricultural and industrial activities. Similar sediment concentrations were measured in both studied areas, being nonylphenol levels five times higher than those measured for the other EDCs. Experimental sediment-water partition coefficients showed a moderate sorption of target compounds to sediments. Risk quotients for water compartment evidenced a moderate risk posed by nonylphenol, considering the worst-case scenario. For sediments, moderate risk related to 4-tert-octylphenol and high risk to nonylphenol were estimated.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Salgueiro-González
- Grupo Química Analítica Aplicada, Instituto Universitario de Medio Ambiente (IUMA), Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, 15071, A Coruña, Galicia, Spain.
| | - J A Campillo
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centro Oceanográfico de Murcia, Apdo. 22, C/Varadero 1, 30740, San Pedro del Pinatar, Murcia, Spain
| | - L Viñas
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía, IEO, Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo, Subida a Radio Faro, 50, 36390, Vigo, Spain
| | - R Beiras
- Departamento de Ecoloxía e Bioloxía Animal, Universidade de Vigo, Campus Lagoas-Marcosende, 36200, Vigo, Galicia, Spain
| | - P López-Mahía
- Grupo Química Analítica Aplicada, Instituto Universitario de Medio Ambiente (IUMA), Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, 15071, A Coruña, Galicia, Spain
| | - S Muniategui-Lorenzo
- Grupo Química Analítica Aplicada, Instituto Universitario de Medio Ambiente (IUMA), Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, 15071, A Coruña, Galicia, Spain
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5
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Gago J, Carretero O, Filgueiras AV, Viñas L. Synthetic microfibers in the marine environment: A review on their occurrence in seawater and sediments. Mar Pollut Bull 2018; 127:365-376. [PMID: 29475673 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.11.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Revised: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this review is to summarize information on microfibers in seawater and sediments from available scientific information. Microfibers were found in all reviewed documents. An heterogeneous approach is observed, with regard to sampling methodologies and units. Microfibers in sediments range from 1.4 to 40 items per 50mL or 13.15 to 39.48 items per 250g dry weight. In the case of water, microfibers values ranges from 0 to 450items·m-3 or from 503 to 459,681items·km-2. Blue is the most common color in seawater and sediments, followed by transparent and black in the case of seawater, and black and colorful in sediments. Related with polymer type, polypropylene is the most common in water and sediments, followed by polyethylene in water and polyester in water and sediments. Some polymers were described only in water samples: high-density polyethylene, low-density polyethylene and cellophane, whilst only rayon was reported in sediments.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Gago
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO), Subida a Radio Faro, 50-52, 36390 Vigo, Spain.
| | - O Carretero
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO), Subida a Radio Faro, 50-52, 36390 Vigo, Spain
| | - A V Filgueiras
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO), Subida a Radio Faro, 50-52, 36390 Vigo, Spain
| | - L Viñas
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO), Subida a Radio Faro, 50-52, 36390 Vigo, Spain
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6
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Salgueiro-González N, Turnes-Carou I, Viñas L, Besada V, Muniategui-Lorenzo S, López-Mahía P, Prada-Rodríguez D. Occurrence of alkylphenols and bisphenol A in wild mussel samples from the Spanish Atlantic coast and Bay of Biscay. Mar Pollut Bull 2016; 106:360-365. [PMID: 27001713 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Revised: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Wild mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) were selected as bioindicators of chemical pollution to evaluate the occurrence and spatial distribution of five endocrine disrupting compounds in the Spanish Atlantic coast and Bay of Biscay. A total of 24 samples were collected in May, 2011 and analysed by selective pressurized liquid extraction followed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry determination. Branched alkylphenols (4-tert-octylphenol and nonylphenol) were determined in more than 90% of the analysed samples whereas the presence of linear alkylphenols (4-n-octylphenol and 4-n-nonylphenol) was scarcely detected (<12% of the samples). Wastewater treatment plants discharges and nautical, fishing and shipping activities were considered the primary sources of contamination by alkylphenols. Bisphenol A was found in 16% of the analysed samples associated to punctual industrial discharges. A total endocrine disrupting compound (alkylphenols and bisphenol A) average concentration of 604ngg(-1) dw was calculated and nonylphenol was the main contributor in almost all sampling points.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Salgueiro-González
- Grupo Química Analítica Aplicada (QANAP), Instituto Universitario de Medio Ambiente (IUMA), Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, Campus de A Coruña, E-15071 A Coruña, Spain
| | - I Turnes-Carou
- Grupo Química Analítica Aplicada (QANAP), Instituto Universitario de Medio Ambiente (IUMA), Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, Campus de A Coruña, E-15071 A Coruña, Spain
| | - L Viñas
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía, IEO, Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo, Subida a Radio Faro, 50, 36390 Vigo, Spain
| | - V Besada
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía, IEO, Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo, Subida a Radio Faro, 50, 36390 Vigo, Spain
| | - S Muniategui-Lorenzo
- Grupo Química Analítica Aplicada (QANAP), Instituto Universitario de Medio Ambiente (IUMA), Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, Campus de A Coruña, E-15071 A Coruña, Spain.
| | - P López-Mahía
- Grupo Química Analítica Aplicada (QANAP), Instituto Universitario de Medio Ambiente (IUMA), Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, Campus de A Coruña, E-15071 A Coruña, Spain
| | - D Prada-Rodríguez
- Grupo Química Analítica Aplicada (QANAP), Instituto Universitario de Medio Ambiente (IUMA), Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, Campus de A Coruña, E-15071 A Coruña, Spain
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Vila M, Viñas L, Aguilar I, Toro C, Pérez A, Capel M. PS-055 The incidence of drug allergies in hospitalised patients. Eur J Hosp Pharm 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/ejhpharm-2015-000639.380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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8
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Gago J, Viñas L, Besada V, Bellas J. The link between descriptors 8 and 9 of the Marine Strategy Framework Directive: lessons learnt in Spain. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2014; 21:13664-71. [PMID: 25009096 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-3283-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2013] [Accepted: 07/03/2014] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this note is to discuss the relevance of the interaction/integration of monitoring of contaminants for the protection of the marine environment and for human health safety (descriptors 8 and 9, respectively) within the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD). The identification of possible relations between contaminant levels in sediments and tissues of fish and other seafood, as well as the association of those levels to pollution sources, are major challenges for marine researchers. The Spanish initial assessment in the North-East Atlantic marine region was used as an example to show some gaps and loopholes when dealing with the relationship between descriptors 8 and 9. The main problem to deal with is that monitoring programmes intended for the assessment of marine environmental quality and for human health safety usually apply different approaches and methodologies, and even different tissues are analysed in some species (mainly fish). It is therefore recommended to make a profound revision of current sampling strategies, procedures and methodologies, including the selection of target species and tissues and to improve the traceability of samples of fish and other seafood for human consumption. On the other hand, despite the scope of descriptor 9 which is limited to commercially relevant species, this fact should not be an obstacle in the application of the 'ecosystem approach' within the MSFD. In order to appropriately solve these shortcomings, an information exchange system between authorities dealing with descriptors 8 and 9 should be strongly encouraged for the next steps of the MSFD's implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Gago
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO), Subida a Radio Faro, 50-52, Vigo, 36390, Spain,
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9
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Alsina L, Colobran R, de Sevilla MF, Català A, Viñas L, Ricart S, Plaza AM, Lois S, Juan M, Pujol-Borrell R, Martinez-Gallo M. Novel and atypical splicing mutation in a compound heterozygous UNC13D defect presenting in Familial Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis triggered by EBV infection. Clin Immunol 2014; 153:292-7. [PMID: 24825797 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2014.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2013] [Revised: 04/28/2014] [Accepted: 04/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Familial Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis type 3 (FHL3) is a genetic disorder caused by mutations in UNC13D gene, coding the granule priming factor Munc13-4 that intervenes in NK and T cell cytotoxic function. Here we report the case of a 17-month-old girl with prolonged symptomatic EBV infectious mononucleosis and clinical symptoms of hemophagocytic syndrome. In vitro functional analysis pointed to a degranulation defect. The genetic analysis of UNC13D gene identified initially a heterozygous mutation (c.753+1G>T) in the donor splice-site that resulted in exon 9 skipping (maternal allele). Mutations in other genes were considered, but additional analysis of UNC13D cDNA revealed in the paternal allele a heterozygous transition from G to A (c.2448-13G>A) at the 3' acceptor splice-site in intron 25, generating a new acceptor splice-site that leads to a frameshift and a premature STOP codon. Allele specific amplification of the cDNA confirmed the absence of a functional mRNA from the paternal allele. This case illustrates an atypical compound heterozygous UNC13D mutation affecting the RNA splicing that generates a typical FHL3 phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Alsina
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Immunology Functional Unit, SJD-Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - R Colobran
- Deparment of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Immunology Division Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain; Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M F de Sevilla
- Paediatric Department, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Català
- Hematology Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu., Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - L Viñas
- Deparment of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - S Ricart
- Paediatric Department, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A M Plaza
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Immunology Functional Unit, SJD-Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - S Lois
- Research Unit in Translational Bioinformatics in Neurosciences, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Juan
- Immunology Functional Unit, SJD-Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Immunology Department, Hospital Clinic, Universitat de Barcelona - IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - R Pujol-Borrell
- Deparment of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Immunology Division Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain; Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - M Martinez-Gallo
- Deparment of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Immunology Division Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain; Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Barcelona, Spain
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10
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Radović JR, Rial D, Lyons BP, Harman C, Viñas L, Beiras R, Readman JW, Thomas KV, Bayona JM. Post-incident monitoring to evaluate environmental damage from shipping incidents: chemical and biological assessments. J Environ Manage 2012; 109:136-153. [PMID: 22705812 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2012.04.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2011] [Revised: 04/16/2012] [Accepted: 04/28/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Oil and chemical spills in the marine environment are an issue of growing concern. Oil exploration and exploitation is moving from the continental shelf to deeper waters, and to northern latitudes where the risk of an oil spill is potentially greater and may affect pristine ecosystems. Moreover, a growing number of chemical products are transported by sea and maritime incidents of hazardous and noxious substances (HNS) are expected to increase. Consequently, it seems timely to review all of the experience gained from past spills to be able to cope with appropriate response and mitigation strategies to combat future incidents. Accordingly, this overview is focused on the dissemination of the most successful approaches to both detect and assess accidental releases using chemical as well as biological approaches for spills of either oil or HNS in the marine environment. Aerial surveillance, sampling techniques for water, suspended particles, sediments and biota are reviewed. Early warning bioassays and biomarkers to assess spills are also presented. Finally, research needs and gaps in knowledge are discussed.
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11
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Viñas L, Franco A, Blanco X, Bargiela J, Soriano JA, Perez-Fernandez B, Gonzalez JJ. Temporal and spatial changes of PAH concentrations in Mytilus galloprovincialis from Ria de Vigo (NW Spain). Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2012; 19:529-539. [PMID: 21842344 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-011-0584-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2011] [Accepted: 07/27/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to establish the temporal trends and spatial distribution of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Ria de Vigo by means of studying the PAH burden in wild mussels. The samples were collected in eight sites along the margins of the Ria de Vigo during November from 1998 to 2008 and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon contents were determined using high performance liquid chromatography-fluorescence derivatization (HPLC-FLD). Quality of chemical analysis was guaranteed by participation in QUASIMEME intercalibration exercises carried out during the period of analysis. The concentrations for the sum of 13 PAHs were in the range 24-480 μg/kg dw, typical of an urban and industrialized area (50-500 μg/kg dw) except for a punctual input in La Guía in 1998 that led to a concentration above 1,000 μg/kg dw. In general, the sites in the outermost section of the estuary (ría) showed the lowest values, with an increasing gradient in the medium and inner parts of the ría. Temporal patterns show, in general, a downward trend. The relative proportion of 3 and 4 ring PAHs also varies with the site, the former being predominant in the outermost area and the latter in the medium and inner parts of the ría. This is consistently related with the sources and processes taking place in different areas of the estuary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Viñas
- Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo, IEO (Instituto Español de Oceanografía), Subida a Radio Faro 50, 36390 Vigo, Spain.
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13
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Viñas L, Franco MA, González JJ. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon composition of sediments in the Ría de Vigo (NW Spain). Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 2009; 57:42-49. [PMID: 18825447 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-008-9230-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2008] [Accepted: 09/01/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Individual parent polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were identified and quantified in samples of recent sediments at 32 stations in the Ria de Vigo (NW Spain) and its adjacent shelf by high-performance liquid chromatography and a fluorescence detector. This area suffers the pressure of nearly 500,000 inhabitants and includes a number of important marine organisms. The total concentration for the sum of the 13 PAHs quantified were in the range 28-3203 ng/g. The highest concentrations were found near the city of Vigo, where marinas and dockyards as well as highways with a high traffic flow are established. Low PAH concentrations were determined in the outermost part of the estuary, far from the anthropogenic influence. PAH isomers concentration ratios were assessed, indicating that the main source of these compounds in the whole area is pyrolysis. When compared with the EACs, threshold effect level, and probable effect level values, only the samples from the inner part of the ría can occasionally present adverse biological effects due to the PAH concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Viñas
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Vigo Coastal Centre, Spain.
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Viñas L, Franco MA, Soriano JA, González JJ, Ortiz L, Bayona JM, Albaigés J. Accumulation trends of petroleum hydrocarbons in commercial shellfish from the Galician coast (NW Spain) affected by the Prestige oil spill. Chemosphere 2009; 75:534-541. [PMID: 19150729 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2008.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2008] [Accepted: 12/03/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons were determined in three species of commercial shellfish, namely razor shells (Ensis arcuatus and Ensis siliqua), goose barnacle (Pollicipes cornucopia) and sea urchin (Paracentrotus lividus), living in different habitats and exhibiting different feeding behaviors. The samples were collected monthly, from January 2003 to October 2004, in three stations of the Galicia coast (NW Spain), following the Prestige oil spill, with the aim of assessing their response to the spill and, therefore, their suitability for monitoring purposes. The aliphatic fractions were mostly dominated by biogenic hydrocarbons, reflecting the diet composition of the organisms and their low metabolic capacity. The presence of oil was assessed by the determination of chemical markers. The analysis of the aromatic fractions revealed the occurrence of 3-6 ring parent and alkylated PAHs, consistent with a mixed petrogenic-pyrolytic origin, with the common feature of the predominance of chrysene in all samples collected after the spill. However, the distributions exhibited both temporal and interspecies variations. The PAH concentrations (Sigma13) increased significantly after the spill and decreased 6-7 months later close to background levels for the region. One year after the accident, the median values were: 58 microg/kg for razor shells, 26 microg/kg for barnacles, and 25 microg/kg for sea urchins. The temporal evolution of the PAH concentrations along the survey period was used to estimate loss rates for bioavailable PAHs in barnacles and sea urchins after the spill. Half-life values were in the order of 30 and 60 d, respectively. The results of the study demonstrate that barnacles can be suitable species for oil spill monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Viñas
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo, Cabo Estai-Canido, 36200 Vigo, Spain.
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Soriano JA, Viñas L, Franco MA, González JJ, Ortiz L, Bayona JM, Albaigés J. Spatial and temporal trends of petroleum hydrocarbons in wild mussels from the Galician coast (NW Spain) affected by the Prestige oil spill. Sci Total Environ 2006; 370:80-90. [PMID: 16860851 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2006.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2006] [Revised: 06/15/2006] [Accepted: 06/18/2006] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were determined in tissues of wild mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) from the Galicia coast (NW Spain) in order to assess the extent of the environmental impact caused by the Prestige oil spill (November 13, 2002). Three sampling campaigns were carried out in February, June and November 2003 at 24 stations along the Galicia coast, from La Guardia (Pontevedra) to Ribadeo (Lugo). The spatial distribution of PAHs found in the first sampling period, clearly revealed the central area (Costa da Morte) as the most affected by the oil spill. In these stations, concentrations up to 7780 microg/kg dw of the sum of 13 parent PAHs were found 2-3 months after the spill. Molecular parameters within the aliphatic and aromatic fractions confirmed the presence of the Prestige oil in these samples. The levels markedly decreased at most of the stations in the second sampling and recovered to levels found before the spill in November 2003, 1 year after the accident (29-279 microg/kg dw, av. 133+/-83 microg/kg dw). However, a certain increase was observed in some sites which could be related to the remobilization of oil residues from still unclean intertidal spots or sediments due to the winter marine weather conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Soriano
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo, Cabo Estai- Canido. 36200 Vigo, Spain
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González JJ, Viñas L, Franco MA, Fumega J, Soriano JA, Grueiro G, Muniategui S, López-Mahía P, Prada D, Bayona JM, Alzaga R, Albaigés J. Spatial and temporal distribution of dissolved/dispersed aromatic hydrocarbons in seawater in the area affected by the Prestige oil spill. Mar Pollut Bull 2006; 53:250-9. [PMID: 16274705 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2005.09.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Seawater samples collected at three depths from 68 stations along the Northern Spanish coast were analysed for dissolved/dispersed petroleum aromatic hydrocarbons by UV-fluorescence and for 25 individual compounds by GC-MS. Sampling was performed in December 2002, just after the Prestige oil spill, and in February-March and September 2003. Higher concentrations of total aromatic hydrocarbons were found at all depths in the samples collected during December 2002 off the Galicia coast, with levels ranging between 0.19 and 28.8 microg/L eq. oil (0.1-4.8 microg/L chrysene eq.). These values decreased in the following cruises, till <0.05-2.86 microg/L oil eq. (av. 0.23 microg/L chrysene eq.) in September 2003, possibly representing the background levels for the region. However, in the Cantabrian coast they were still high at the surface in the March cruise, probably by the late arrival of the fuel-oil to this area. Some coastal hot spots were also identified, with values up to 29.2 microg/L fuel-oil eq., close to river mouths and urban areas. The individual PAH distributions in the December 2002 sampling off-Galicia were dominated by alkyl-naphthalene derivatives, consistently with the pattern distribution shown by the fuel-oil water accommodated fraction. The higher concentrations were found in the subsurface samples along the Costa da Morte, the area most heavily affected by the spill (av. 0.46 microg/L Sigma16 PAHs). The rest of the samples collected in other areas exhibited lower concentrations and a more even distribution of 2-4 ring PAHs, that ranged from 0.09 to 0.37 microg/L (av. 0.15 microg/L Sigma16 PAHs), with decreasing trends offshore and downward the water column. In September 2003, the values were rather uniform, averaging 0.09 microg/L (Sigma16 PAHs).
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Affiliation(s)
- J J González
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo, Cabo Estai-Canido, 36200 Vigo, Spain.
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Franco MA, Viñas L, Soriano JA, de Armas D, González JJ, Beiras R, Salas N, Bayona JM, Albaigés J. Spatial distribution and ecotoxicity of petroleum hydrocarbons in sediments from the Galicia continental shelf (NW Spain) after the Prestige oil spill. Mar Pollut Bull 2006; 53:260-71. [PMID: 16310226 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2005.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The distribution of aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons was determined in surface sediments collected at 36 stations along the Galicia continental shelf (NW Spain), following the Prestige oil spill. Sampling was performed in December 2002, just after the accident, and in February and September 2003. Concentrations of PAHs (summation operator 13 parent components) were in the range of 0.9-422 microg/kgdw, the highest values being close to coastal urban areas (e.g. Pontevedra and A Coruña), whereas in the stations of the area most heavily impacted by the spill (off Costa da Morte) concentrations were in the range of 14.8-89.6 microg/kgdw, with a certain predominance of alkylated compounds, which may suggest a mixture of petrogenic and pyrolytic sources. The detailed study of petrogenic molecular markers (e.g. steranes and triterpanes) showed the occurrence of an old (weathered) petrogenic chronic pollution in the shelf sediments but not of the Prestige oil, with the possible exception of few stations in the area of Costa da Morte. This was attributed to the heavy nature of the spilled oil that was barely dispersed in the water column and mainly stranded on the coast or sedimented in the form of oil patches. The addition of increasing amounts of fuel oil to a representative sediment sample showed that the molecular indices were indicative of the presence of the Prestige oil when the amount was above 1g/kg of sediment. The toxicity of selected samples (showing the higher PAH concentrations) was tested using the bivalve embryogenesis bioassay. Embryogenesis success reached high values in all cases (80-88%, with 86% in the control), indicating a lack of toxicity in the sediments and supporting the conclusion that the patchiness of the fuel eventually reaching the seafloor reduced its impact on the benthic communities of the Galician shelf.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Franco
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo, Cabo Estai-Canido. 36200 Vigo, Spain
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Alonso P, Marzo M, Mascort JJ, Hervás A, Viñas L, Ferrús J, Ferrándiz J, López-Rivas L, Bonfill X, Piqué JM. [Clinical practice guidelines for the management of patients with rectal bleeding]. Gastroenterol Hepatol 2002; 25:605-32. [PMID: 12459124 DOI: 10.1016/s0210-5705(02)70325-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P Alonso
- Centro Cochrane Iberoamericano, Barcelona, España
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Lastras ME, Marco I, Montane J, Viñas L, Lavin S. Electrophoretic patterns and immunoglobulin G levels in mouflon (Ovis orientalis musimon) and roe deer (Capreolus capreolus). J Zoo Wildl Med 2001; 32:426-9. [PMID: 12785696 DOI: 10.1638/1042-7260(2001)032[0426:epaigl]2.0.co;2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Serum protein and immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels were measured from 16 healthy mouflons (Ovis orientalis musimon) and from 28 roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) in French and Catalonian populations. Electrophoretic patterns were described for each species. The only significant gender-related difference was increased beta-globulins in French roe deer males. Significantly increased alpha1-globulin levels and decreased IgG levels occurred in the young Catalonian roe deer compared with adults from the same group. Values for total proteins, beta-globulins, gamma-globulin, and IgG were significantly higher in the French roe deer, while albumin and albumin/globulin ratio were higher in the Catalonian roe deer. Both populations had the same relative migration distances of the various protein fractions of the electrophoresis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Lastras
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Barcelona, Spain
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Lastras ME, Pastor J, Viñas L, Marco I, Lavin S. Immunoglobulin G class identification from wild ungulates by cross-reactivity with antisera to domestic animals. J Vet Med B Infect Dis Vet Public Health 2000; 47:429-32. [PMID: 11014063 DOI: 10.1046/j.1439-0450.2000.00365.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Seven species of Spanish ungulates were tested for the presence of homologous immunoglobulin G (IgG) with a gel-diffusion test using bovine, ovine, caprine and porcine IgG antisera. Homologous ovine and caprine IgG were detected in sera from chamois (Rupicapra pyrenaica), Spanish ibex (Capra pyrenaica hispanica), mouflon (Ovis orientalis musimon), red deer (Cervus elaphus), fallow deer (Dama dama) and roe deer (Capreolus capreolus). Homologous porcine IgG was detected in wild boar (Sus scrofa) serum. Immunoelectrophoretic assays were performed to compare the electrophoretic mobility of IgG from domestic and wild species.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Lastras
- Servicio de Ecopatología de Fauna Silvestre, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Spain
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Lastras ME, Pastor J, Marco I, Ruiz M, Viñas L, Lavin S. Effects of sarcoptic mange on serum proteins and immunoglobulin G levels in chamois (Rupicapra pyrenaica) and Spanish ibex (Capra pyrenaica). Vet Parasitol 2000; 88:313-9. [PMID: 10714470 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-4017(99)00221-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Three groups of chamois (Rupicapra pyrenaica) and three groups of Spanish ibex (Capra pyrenaica) were established to study the effects of sarcoptic mange on serum proteins and immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels. The first group of chamois consisted of 22 healthy Pyrenean chamois (R. pyrenaica pyrenaica) from a non-infested area, the second group consisted of 20 healthy Cantabrian chamois (R. p. parva) from an area where sarcoptic mange has been reported since 1994 and the third group consisted of 16 Cantabrian chamois from the same area but naturally infested by Sarcoptes scabiei. The first group of Spanish ibex was 39 healthy animals from a sarcoptic mange non-infested area, the second group was 23 healthy animals from a sarcoptic mange infested area and the third group consisted of 20 animals from the same area but naturally infested with the parasite. Blood samples were taken after killing the animals as part of hunting programmes. Values for total proteins, gamma-globulin and IgG were higher in infested and healthy chamois from the infested area compared to healthy chamois from the non-infested area, and IgG levels were higher in infested chamois compared to healthy-exposed chamois. Values for alpha2-globulin were higher in healthy Cantabrian chamois. In Spanish ibex, albumin, alpha2-globulin and IgG levels were lower in the healthy Spanish ibex from the non-infested area than in healthy animals from an infested area. The differences found in the chamois were indicative of the establishment of a humoral antibody response in the animals in contact with the disease. As the IgG levels were not significantly different between healthy and infested Spanish ibex from the same area, a different pattern of chronic infection with humoral response to the disease was suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Lastras
- Servei d'Ecopatologia de Fauna Silvestre, Facultat de Veterinària, Universidat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
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Affiliation(s)
- S Lavin
- Servicio de Ecopatología de Fauna Silvestre, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Spain
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Juncosa T, Bosch J, Dopico E, Guardia C, Lite J, Sierra M, Andreu A, Barranco M, Matas L, Sánchez F, Sanfeliu I, Viñas L. [Neonatal infection by Streptococcus agalactiae. Multicenter study in the area of Barcelona, Spain]. Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin 1998; 16:312-5. [PMID: 9808880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Streptococcus agalactiae or streptococcus group B (SGB) is the main etiologic agent of early neonatal sepsis. A multicenter study was performed with the aim of determining the incidence and characteristics of this disease in our medium and contribute the design of an adequate prevention protocol. METHODS Ten hospitals and two primary health care centers were implicated in the study; 103 microbiology confirmed episodes of SGB neonatal sepsis (blood and/or LCR positive) were reported from 1994 to 1996. RESULTS The incidence of early SGB neonatal sepsis was 1.48/1,000 live births with a mortality of 8.7%. The cultures, for detecting the state of the SGB carrier were performed in only 26 (25%) of the patients. At least one of the factors described for risk of perinatal SGB infection was observed in 46% of the mothers, with the most frequent being prolonged amniorrhea (26%), intrapartum fever (17%), and early delivery (14%). At the time of delivery only 10.7% of the mothers received endovenous antibiotherapy. CONCLUSIONS From these results the following recommendations have been made: a) detection of SGB carriers by the systematic practice of blood cultures in the last weeks of gestation and b) the administration of intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis in both early births (< 37 weeks) and in all the SGB carriers should be undertaken. With these measures we aim to decrease the neonatal infections by streptococcus group B.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Juncosa
- Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona
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Marco I, Viñas L, Velarde R, Pastor J, Lavin S. The stress response to repeated capture in mouflon (Ovis ammon): physiological, haematological and biochemical parameters. Zentralbl Veterinarmed A 1998; 45:243-53. [PMID: 9697426 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0442.1998.tb00824.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Two groups of mouflons (Ovis ammon) were held in captivity to study the effects of repeated capture on physiological, haematological and biochemical parameters. The first one (Group I) was of 6 mouflons captured in the wild, while the second (Group II) was also of 6 mouflons, but which had been in captivity for 3 years. In Group I, body temperature, mature neutrophil count and lactate increased during activity, while red blood cells, haemoglobin, ALT, AST, total lipid, phospholipids, cholesterol, BUN, creatinine, phosphorus and zinc decreased at different times during the study period. In Group II, few statistical differences were observed. Most of these changes were related to stress and reflected a lack of adaptation to repeated handling.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Marco
- Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autòmona de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
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Pastor J, Cuenca R, Velarde R, Marco I, Viñas L, Lavín S. Evaluation of a haematological analyser (Sysmex F-800) with equine blood. Zentralbl Veterinarmed A 1998; 45:119-26. [PMID: 9591475 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0442.1998.tb00807.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A semiautomatic electronic blood cell counter (Sysmex F-800) was evaluated with equine blood, according to the protocol of the International Committee for Standardization in Haematology (ICSH, 1984). The precision and overall reproducibility were acceptable for all the parameters studied except for the platelet count, in which a coefficient of variation of 18.8% and 21.7% was obtained for within and between batch precision and 26.76% for overall reproducibility. Carry-over for the haematocrit value and platelet count was unsatisfactory, thus the use of a blank diluent sample between different analyses was necessary. Linearity of the analyser was acceptable in the range studied. A total of 100 equine blood samples were studied with the Sysmex F-800 and the manual method. The correlations between both Methods were acceptable for all the parameters. In the storage study, the red blood cell count and the haemoglobin concentration were the parameters with longest stability (72 h) at 4 degrees C and 25 degrees C. Platelet count decreased significantly at 3 h post-extraction in those samples stored at 4 degrees C. During the evaluation period, Sysmex F-800 was easy to handle and it is well suited for routine equine blood cell analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Pastor
- Departamento de Patología y Producciones Animales (U.D. Patología General y Médica), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Spain
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Andreu A, Barranco M, Bosch J, Dopico E, Guardia C, Juncosa T, Lite J, Matas L, Sanchez F, Sanfeliu I, Sierra M, Viñas L. Prevention of perinatal group B streptococcal disease in Europe. (Group of Microbiologists for the Study and Prevention of Perinatal Group B Streptococcal Disease, in the Area of Barcelona). Scand J Infect Dis 1998; 29:532. [PMID: 9435053 DOI: 10.3109/00365549709011875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Marco I, Viñas L, Velarde R, Pastor J, Lavin S. Effects of capture and transport on blood parameters in free-ranging mouflon (Ovis ammon). J Zoo Wildl Med 1997; 28:428-33. [PMID: 9580218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Twelve free-ranging mouflon (Ovis ammon), eight adults and four lambs, were captured in northeast Spain. The animals were transported for 9 hr from the capture site to the Wildlife Rescue Center at Vallcalent (Lleida), 300 km SW. Blood samples were taken at capture and after transport to study the effects on hematologic and biochemical parameters. The RBC, PCV, Hb, and alkaline phosphatase values were significantly higher in lambs than in adults, and total protein levels were significantly lower in lambs. Comparisons of blood parameters of adult animals at capture and after transport revealed significantly lower RBC, PCV, Hb, PLT, lymphocyte counts, glucose, cholesterol, creatinine, and alkaline phosphatase values and significantly higher neutrophil count, AST, ALT, CK, LDH, and total bilirubin levels after transport. The differences observed in the blood parameters of lambs before and after transport were not statistically significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Marco
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Facultat de Veterinária, Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
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Abstract
Two cases of haemonchosis occurred in the Spanish ibex (Capra pyrenaica) population of the National Hunting Reserve of Tortosa and Beseit, northeastern Spain, in July 1992 and May 1993. The animals were cachectic and recumbent and had an acute hemorrhagic, macrocytic and hypochromic anemia; which was related to a high infection of 2,016 and 1,863 Haemonchus contortus, respectively, in the abomasum of the animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Lavín
- Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Spain
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Abstract
A semiautomatic electronic system for counting blood cells in veterinary haematology (Sysmex F-800) was evaluated. A total of 100 samples of canine blood were analysed. The results for leucocyte (WBC), erythrocyte (RBC), and platelet (PLT) counts, the haemoglobin concentration (Hb), and haematocrit value (Hct) obtained using the autoanalyser were compared with those obtained using a manual method as a reference. The results show very high levels of correlation for WBC (r = 0.96), Hb (r = 0.97) and Hct (r = 0.95) and high levels for RBC (r = 0.85) and PLT (r = 0.72). The precision is satisfactory in all the parameters studied with the exception of the platelet count (CV = 10.2%) where it is unsatisfactory. Taking into consideration the margin of error associated with manual cell counting methods, we conclude that this haematological analyser is sufficiently accurate for work with blood samples from dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Lavin
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
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Monreal M, Viñas L, Monreal L, Lavin S, Lafoz E, Angles AM. Heparin-related osteoporosis in rats. A comparative study between unfractioned heparin and a low-molecular-weight heparin. Haemostasis 1990; 20:204-7. [PMID: 2173673 DOI: 10.1159/000216128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
In an animal model, the effect of a high dose of conventional heparin (2 IU/g s.c. twice a day) and a low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH; Fragmin, 1 anti-Xa U/g once a day) was compared with that of placebo on the mineral bone mass in the femur of rats. After 33 days of treatment no differences were found in the weight of the femur. But heparin-treated rats exhibited a lower density (1,249 +/- 0.046 g/ml as compared with that in control rats (p = 0.00007) and also in LMWH-treated rats (p = 0.001). Similarly, statistically significant differences have been found in ash contents. They were higher in control rats than in heparin-treated rats (p = 0.0002), and also slightly higher than in LMWH-treated rats (p = 0.01). Our findings suggest that LMWH may have a lower osteopenic effect than that of conventional heparin.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Monreal
- Unit of Experimental Thrombosis, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, España
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