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MacRae JM, Tam TA, Harrison T, Harasemiw O, Bohm C, Bennett PN, Verdin N, Scholes-Robertson N, Warren M, Thompson S. Exercise perceptions and practices of people receiving peritoneal dialysis: An international cross-sectional survey. Perit Dial Int 2024:8968608241237686. [PMID: 38562120 DOI: 10.1177/08968608241237686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low physical activity and functional impairment are prevalent and unaddressed in people receiving peritoneal dialysis (PD). Exercise has been shown to improve physical function and mental health for people with kidney disease. METHODS Cross-sectional descriptive survey aimed at identifying the exercise and physical activity perceptions and practice patterns of people receiving PD. The survey was developed and pretested with persons living with kidney disease, PD clinicians and exercise specialists. RESULTS There were 108 respondents (people receiving PD) with the majority from Canada (68%) and the United Kingdom (25%). Seventy-one per cent were engaged in physical activity two or more times per week. Most (91.8%) believed that physical activity is beneficial, and 61.7% reported healthcare provider discussion about physical activity. Perceptions regarding weightlifting restrictions varied: 76% were told not to lift weight with a maximum amount ranging from 2 kg to 45 kg. Few (28%) were instructed to drain PD fluid prior to physical activity. Mixed advice regarding swimming ability was common (44% were told they could swim and 44% were told they should not). CONCLUSIONS Knowledge gaps suggest that education for both healthcare providers and patients is needed regarding the practice of exercise for people living with PD. Common areas of confusion include the maximum weight a person should lift, whether exercise was safe with or without intrabdominal PD fluid in situ and whether swimming is allowed. Further research is needed to provide patients with evidence-based recommendations rather than defaulting to restricting activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Trinity A Tam
- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Tyrone Harrison
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Oksana Harasemiw
- Chronic Disease Innovation Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Clara Bohm
- Chronic Disease Innovation Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Paul N Bennett
- Griffith Health, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Nancy Verdin
- The Global Renal Exercise Network Patient Engagement Council, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | | | - Madeleine Warren
- Warren-Charnock Associates, Global Renal Exercise Network Patient Engagement Council, London, UK
| | - Stephanie Thompson
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta Edmonton, AB, Canada
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2
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Guha C, Gallego D, Grandinetti A, Warren M, Jaure A. Patient Perspectives on Clotting in the Extracorporeal Circuit and Decision-Making Regarding Anticoagulation Therapy. Semin Nephrol 2024:151475. [PMID: 38233290 DOI: 10.1016/j.semnephrol.2023.151475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Clotting of the extracorporeal circuit is a complication in the process of hemodialysis that can result in missed or shortened dialysis sessions, higher nursing workload, and elevated cost of treatment. Repercussions of inadequate dialysis may include patient blood loss, fluid overload, build-up of minerals, higher hospitalization rates, and poor quality of life, contributing to increased patient distress. Preventing clotting through anticoagulation therapy is the key to maintaining patency of the dialysis circuit and supporting dialysis adequacy. Despite the severe consequences of clotting in the extracorporeal circuit patients encounter, their perspectives on decision-making regarding anticoagulation therapy are not well known. In this article, we discuss patients' perspectives and priorities around clotting and anticoagulation therapy and outline ways to support their treatment through shared decision-making. Insights into patients' perspectives on addressing thrombotic complications of the extracorporeal circuit can inform strategies to improve care and outcomes for patients receiving hemodialysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandana Guha
- Centre for Kidney Research, Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia; Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
| | | | | | | | - Allison Jaure
- Centre for Kidney Research, Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia; Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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Hull KL, Bramham K, Brookes CL, Cluley V, Conefrey C, Cooper NJ, Eborall H, Fotheringham J, Graham-Brown MPM, Gray LJ, Mark PB, Mitra S, Murphy GJ, Quann N, Rooshenas L, Warren M, Burton JO. The NightLife study - the clinical and cost-effectiveness of thrice-weekly, extended, in-centre nocturnal haemodialysis versus daytime haemodialysis using a mixed methods approach: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial. Trials 2023; 24:522. [PMID: 37573352 PMCID: PMC10422763 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-023-07565-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In-centre nocturnal haemodialysis (INHD) offers extended-hours haemodialysis, 6 to 8 h thrice-weekly overnight, with the support of dialysis specialist nurses. There is increasing observational data demonstrating potential benefits of INHD on health-related quality of life (HRQoL). There is a lack of randomised controlled trial (RCT) data to confirm these benefits and assess safety. METHODS The NightLife study is a pragmatic, two-arm, multicentre RCT comparing the impact of 6 months INHD to conventional haemodialysis (thrice-weekly daytime in-centre haemodialysis, 3.5-5 h per session). The primary outcome is the total score from the Kidney Disease Quality of Life tool at 6 months. Secondary outcomes include sleep and cognitive function, measures of safety, adherence to dialysis and impact on clinical parameters. There is an embedded Process Evaluation to assess implementation, health economic modelling and a QuinteT Recruitment Intervention to understand factors that influence recruitment and retention. Adults (≥ 18 years old) who have been established on haemodialysis for > 3 months are eligible to participate. DISCUSSION There are 68,000 adults in the UK that need kidney replacement therapy (KRT), with in-centre haemodialysis the treatment modality for over a third of cases. HRQoL is an independent predictor of hospitalisation and mortality in individuals on maintenance dialysis. Haemodialysis is associated with poor HRQoL in comparison to the general population. INHD has the potential to improve HRQoL. Vigorous RCT evidence of effectiveness is lacking. The NightLife study is an essential step in the understanding of dialysis therapies and will guide patient-centred decisions regarding KRT in the future. TRIAL REGISTRATION Trial registration number: ISRCTN87042063. Registered: 14/07/2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine L Hull
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
- John Walls Renal Unit, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK.
| | - Kate Bramham
- King's Kidney Care, King's College Hospital, London, UK
- Department of Women and Children's Health, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | - Victoria Cluley
- School of Sociology and Social Policy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Carmel Conefrey
- Bristol Population Health Science Institute, University of Bristol Medical School, Bristol, UK
| | - Nicola J Cooper
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Helen Eborall
- College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - James Fotheringham
- Health Economics and Decision Science, School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
- Sheffield Kidney Institute, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | - Matthew P M Graham-Brown
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- John Walls Renal Unit, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK
| | - Laura J Gray
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Patrick B Mark
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Sandip Mitra
- Manchester Institute of Nephrology and Transplantation, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Research and Innovation, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Gavin J Murphy
- Leicester Clinical Trials Unit, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Niamh Quann
- Leicester Clinical Trials Unit, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Leila Rooshenas
- Bristol Population Health Science Institute, University of Bristol Medical School, Bristol, UK
| | | | - James O Burton
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- John Walls Renal Unit, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK
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4
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Bennett PN, Bohm C, Yee-Moon Wang A, Kanjanabuch T, Figueiredo AE, Harasemiw O, Brown L, Gabrys I, Jegatheesan D, Lambert K, Lightfoot CJ, MacRae J, Scholes-Robertson N, Stewart K, Tarca B, Verdin N, Warren M, West M, Zimmerman D, Finderup J, Ford E, Ribeiro HS, Xu Q, Thompson S. An International Survey of Peritoneal Dialysis Exercise Practices and Perceptions. Kidney Int Rep 2023; 8:1389-1398. [PMID: 37441469 PMCID: PMC10334400 DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2023.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Low activity levels and poor physical function are associated with technique failure and mortality in people receiving peritoneal dialysis (PD). Adequate levels of physical function are required to maintain independence for people choosing this predominantly home-based therapy. The objective of this study was to identify the exercise-related perceptions and practices of PD clinicians globally. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional survey of PD clinicians from English-, Thai-, Spanish-, and Portuguese-speaking PD-prevalent countries exploring clinicians' perceptions and practices of swimming, activity following PD catheter insertion, lifting, and falls prevention. This study was convened by the International Society of Peritoneal Dialysis and Global Renal Exercise Network between July and December 2021. Results Of 100 of the highest PD-prevalent countries, 85 responded and were represented in the findings. A total of 1125 PD clinicians (448 nephrologists, 558 nephrology nurses, 59 dietitians, and 56 others) responded from 61% high-income, 32% upper middle-income and 7% lower middle-income countries. The majority (n = 1054, 94%) agreed that structured exercise programs would be beneficial for people receiving PD. Most respondents believed people on PD could perform more exercise (n = 907, 81%) and that abdominal strengthening exercises could be safely performed (n = 661, 59%). Compared to clinicians in high-income countries, clinicians from lower middle-income status (odds ratio [OR], 5.57; 1.64 to 18.9) are more likely to promote participation in physical activity. Conclusion Clinicians know the importance of physical activity in people receiving PD. Exercise counseling and structured exercise plans could be included in the standard care of people receiving PD to maintain independence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul N. Bennett
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Queensland, Australia
- Satellite Healthcare, USA
| | - Clara Bohm
- Chronic Disease Innovation Center, Manitoba, Canada
- Medicine/Nephrology, University of Manitoba, Manitoba, Canada
| | | | - Talerngsak Kanjanabuch
- Division of Nephrology and Center of Excellence in Kidney Metabolic Disorders, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Thailand
| | - Ana Elizabeth Figueiredo
- Graduate Program in Medicine and Health Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Brazil
| | - Oksana Harasemiw
- Chronic Disease Innovation Center, Manitoba, Canada
- Medicine/Nephrology, University of Manitoba, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Leanne Brown
- Queensland University of Technology, Queensland, Australia
| | - Iwona Gabrys
- Alberta Kidney Care North, Alberta Health Services, Alberta, Canada
| | - Dev Jegatheesan
- The University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia
- Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kelly Lambert
- University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Courtney J. Lightfoot
- Department of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Biological Sciences and Psychology, University of Leicester, UK
| | | | | | | | - Brett Tarca
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity, University of South Australia, South Australia, Australia
| | - Nancy Verdin
- The Global Renal Exercise Network Patient Engagement Council, Canada
| | | | - Mike West
- University of California Davis, California, USA
| | | | | | - Emilie Ford
- Chronic Disease Innovation Center, Manitoba, Canada
- Medicine/Nephrology, University of Manitoba, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Heitor S. Ribeiro
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, University of Maia, Portugal
- University Center ICESP, Brazil
| | - Qunyan Xu
- Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, South Australia, Australia
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Jimeno A, Miselis N, Park J, Jennings J, Dhani N, Holtick U, Iams W, Rodabaugh K, Nair N, Kornacker M, Loughhead S, Bernstein H, Zwirtes R, Ji R, Warren M, Sharei A. 191P Preliminary biomarker and safety results of SQZ-PBMC-HPV at RP2D in monotherapy and combination with checkpoint inhibitors in HLA A*02+ patients with recurrent, locally advanced, or metastatic HPV16+ solid tumors. Immuno-Oncology and Technology 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.iotech.2022.100303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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6
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Hatcher L, Warren M, Coulson B, Joshua M. Understanding photoswitchable ferroelectrics by combined in situ XRD with light and electric field. Acta Cryst Sect A 2022. [DOI: 10.1107/s2053273322094980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
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7
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Lambert L, Joshanloo M, Marquez JM, Cody B, Arora T, Warren M, Aguilar L, Samways M, Teasel S. Boosting Student Wellbeing Despite a Pandemic: Positive Psychology Interventions and the Impact of Sleep in the United Arab Emirates. Int J Appl Posit Psychol 2022; 7:271-300. [PMID: 35600501 PMCID: PMC9112268 DOI: 10.1007/s41042-022-00066-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Positive psychology interventions hold great promise as schools around the world look to increase the wellbeing of young people. To reach this aim, a program was developed to generate positive emotions, as well as improve life satisfaction, mental toughness and perceptions of school kindness in 538 expatriate students in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. Starting in September 2019, the program included a range of positive psychology interventions such as gratitude, acts of kindness and mental contrasting as examples. Life satisfaction and mental toughness at mid-year were sustained or grew by the end of the year. Positive affect, emotional wellbeing and social wellbeing increased at post-intervention 1, compared to baseline. However, this improvement reverted to baseline levels at post-intervention 2, when data were collected during the COVID-19 pandemic. Only psychological wellbeing, negative affect, perceptions of control, and school kindness were increased at post-intervention 2. During the lockdown, students moved less, but slept and scrolled more. Those who extended their sleep duration reported greater wellbeing. Boosting wellbeing through the use of positive psychology interventions works – even in a pandemic – and extended sleep duration appears to be a driving factor for this observation.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Lambert
- Middle East Journal of Positive Psychology, Canadian University Dubai, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - M. Joshanloo
- Department of Psychology, Keimyung University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - J. M. Marquez
- Faculty of Education, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - B. Cody
- United Arab Emirates University, Box 15551, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - T. Arora
- College of Natural and Health Sciences, Department of Psychology, Zayed University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - M. Warren
- Western Washington University, Bellingham, WA USA
| | - L. Aguilar
- Western Washington University, Bellingham, WA USA
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8
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Lightfoot CJ, Nair D, Bennett PN, Smith AC, Griffin AD, Warren M, Wilkinson TJ. Patient Activation: The Cornerstone of Effective Self-Management in Chronic Kidney Disease? Kidney Dial 2022; 2:91-105. [PMID: 37101653 PMCID: PMC10127536 DOI: 10.3390/kidneydial2010012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
The importance of patient activation (i.e., the knowledge, skills, and confidence one has in managing one's own healthcare) in people with long-term conditions, including kidney disease, is growing. Enabling and empowering patients to take a more active role in their health and healthcare is the focus of person-centred care. Patient activation is recognised as a key construct of self-management, as to effectively self-manage a long-term condition, it is required to enable individuals to actively participate in treatment decisions, prevent complications, and manage risk factors. Identifying an individual's level of activation can help guide and tailor care, and interventions aimed at increasing patient activation may improve patient engagement and health outcomes. In this review, we explore the concepts of patient activation and self-management, the relationship between patient activation and self-management, interventions aimed at improving these, and what these mean to people living with kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney J. Lightfoot
- Leicester Kidney Lifestyle Team, Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester,Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
- Leicester NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester LE5 4PW, UK
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-116-252-3211
| | - Devika Nair
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Vanderbilt Center for Kidney Disease, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Paul N. Bennett
- Clinical & Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Alice C. Smith
- Leicester Kidney Lifestyle Team, Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester,Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
- Leicester NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester LE5 4PW, UK
| | - Anthony D. Griffin
- Leicester Kidney Lifestyle Team, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester LE5 4PW, UK
| | - Madeleine Warren
- Leicester Kidney Lifestyle Team, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester LE5 4PW, UK
| | - Thomas J. Wilkinson
- NIHR Applied Research Collaboration East Midlands (ARC-EM), Leicester Diabetes Centre, Leicester LE5 4PW, UK
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9
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Bennett PN, Bohm C, Harasemiw O, Brown L, Gabrys I, Jegatheesan D, Johnson DW, Lambert K, Lightfoot CJ, MacRae J, Meade A, Parker K, Scholes-Robertson N, Stewart K, Tarca B, Verdin N, Wang AYM, Warren M, West M, Zimmerman D, Li PKT, Thompson S. Physical activity and exercise in peritoneal dialysis: International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis and the Global Renal Exercise Network practice recommendations. Perit Dial Int 2021; 42:8-24. [PMID: 34743628 DOI: 10.1177/08968608211055290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Life participation requiring physical activity and physical function is a key patient-reported outcome for people receiving peritoneal dialysis (PD). Clinician guidance is required from multidisciplinary sources regarding exercise and activity advice to address the specific needs of this group. From August 2020 through to June 2021, the Global Renal Exercise Network and the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis reviewed the published literature and international clinical experience to develop a set of clinical practice points. A set of questions relevant to physical activity and exercise were developed from the perspective of a person receiving PD and were the basis for the practice point development. The GRADE framework was used to evaluate the quality of evidence and to guide clinical practice points. The review of the literature found sparse quality evidence, and thus the clinical practice points are generally based on the expert consensus of people receiving PD, PD exercise expert clinicians and experienced PD exercise researchers. Clinical practice points address timing of exercise and activity (post-catheter insertion, peritoneal space empty or full), the uptake of specific activities (work, sex, swimming, core exercise), potential adverse outcomes related to activity and exercise (exit site care, perspiration, cardiovascular compromise, fatigue, intra-abdominal pressure), the effect of exercise and activity on conditions of interest (mental health, obesity, frailty, low fitness) and exercise nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul N Bennett
- Clinical Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Australia.,Satellite Healthcare, USA
| | - Clara Bohm
- Chronic Disease Innovation Centre, Canada.,University of Manitoba, Canada
| | - Oksana Harasemiw
- Chronic Disease Innovation Centre, Canada.,University of Manitoba, Canada
| | | | | | - Dev Jegatheesan
- Princess Alexandra Hospital, Australia.,The University Queensland, Australia
| | - David W Johnson
- Princess Alexandra Hospital, Australia.,The University Queensland, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Brett Tarca
- Clinical Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Australia
| | - Nancy Verdin
- The Global Renal Exercise Network Patient Engagement Council, AB, USA
| | | | - Madeleine Warren
- The Global Renal Exercise Network Patient Engagement Council, AB, USA.,Warren-Charnock Associates, UK
| | | | | | - Philip Kam-Tao Li
- Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong.,Chinese University of Hong Kong
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10
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Warren M, Dhillon G, Abdulkarim A. 1001 Atraumatic Bilateral Compartment Syndrome; A Case Report. Br J Surg 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab259.1017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
We present a rare case of lower leg atraumatic bilateral compartment syndrome (ABCS). To date there have only been three similar cases reported where no cause was identified.
Case Study
A 33-year-old male presented 12 hours following sudden onset lower leg pain. There was no history of trauma, drug, or alcohol use. On assessment he was in significant pain, not relieved by analgesia, and had clinically tense anterior compartments bilaterally. Both feet were held in fixed dorsiflexion. Creatinine kinase (CK) was 35,166 on admission. X-rays of both legs were normal. He was immediately taken to theatre for bilateral four compartment fasciotomies which revealed significant swelling in the anterior and lateral compartments with patchy pre-necrosis. Post-operatively he deteriorated, required intubation, and was admitted to ITU for acute haemofiltration to treat acute kidney injury secondary to rhabdomyolysis. Multiple operations were required for debridement, resulting in exposed tendons. Closure of the medial wounds was achieved primarily as an inpatient and he was discharged with bilateral lateral VAC dressings in situ. Lateral wounds were closed with Biodegradable Temporising Matrix followed by split skin grafting. In his second admission he suffered a pulmonary embolism.
Literature Review and Discussion
20 case of ABCS have been reported, largely attributable to drugs, alcohol, or leg position. Most cases had an element of diagnostic delay. In addition to compartment pressure monitoring, testing CK can demonstrate muscle necrosis and supports the decision to proceed to surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Warren
- Lister Hospital, East and North Herts NHS Trust, Stevenage, United Kingdom
| | - G Dhillon
- Lister Hospital, East and North Herts NHS Trust, Stevenage, United Kingdom
| | - A Abdulkarim
- Lister Hospital, East and North Herts NHS Trust, Stevanage, United Kingdom
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11
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Abi B, Albahri T, Al-Kilani S, Allspach D, Alonzi LP, Anastasi A, Anisenkov A, Azfar F, Badgley K, Baeßler S, Bailey I, Baranov VA, Barlas-Yucel E, Barrett T, Barzi E, Basti A, Bedeschi F, Behnke A, Berz M, Bhattacharya M, Binney HP, Bjorkquist R, Bloom P, Bono J, Bottalico E, Bowcock T, Boyden D, Cantatore G, Carey RM, Carroll J, Casey BCK, Cauz D, Ceravolo S, Chakraborty R, Chang SP, Chapelain A, Chappa S, Charity S, Chislett R, Choi J, Chu Z, Chupp TE, Convery ME, Conway A, Corradi G, Corrodi S, Cotrozzi L, Crnkovic JD, Dabagov S, De Lurgio PM, Debevec PT, Di Falco S, Di Meo P, Di Sciascio G, Di Stefano R, Drendel B, Driutti A, Duginov VN, Eads M, Eggert N, Epps A, Esquivel J, Farooq M, Fatemi R, Ferrari C, Fertl M, Fiedler A, Fienberg AT, Fioretti A, Flay D, Foster SB, Friedsam H, Frlež E, Froemming NS, Fry J, Fu C, Gabbanini C, Galati MD, Ganguly S, Garcia A, Gastler DE, George J, Gibbons LK, Gioiosa A, Giovanetti KL, Girotti P, Gohn W, Gorringe T, Grange J, Grant S, Gray F, Haciomeroglu S, Hahn D, Halewood-Leagas T, Hampai D, Han F, Hazen E, Hempstead J, Henry S, Herrod AT, Hertzog DW, Hesketh G, Hibbert A, Hodge Z, Holzbauer JL, Hong KW, Hong R, Iacovacci M, Incagli M, Johnstone C, Johnstone JA, Kammel P, Kargiantoulakis M, Karuza M, Kaspar J, Kawall D, Kelton L, Keshavarzi A, Kessler D, Khaw KS, Khechadoorian Z, Khomutov NV, Kiburg B, Kiburg M, Kim O, Kim SC, Kim YI, King B, Kinnaird N, Korostelev M, Kourbanis I, Kraegeloh E, Krylov VA, Kuchibhotla A, Kuchinskiy NA, Labe KR, LaBounty J, Lancaster M, Lee MJ, Lee S, Leo S, Li B, Li D, Li L, Logashenko I, Lorente Campos A, Lucà A, Lukicov G, Luo G, Lusiani A, Lyon AL, MacCoy B, Madrak R, Makino K, Marignetti F, Mastroianni S, Maxfield S, McEvoy M, Merritt W, Mikhailichenko AA, Miller JP, Miozzi S, Morgan JP, Morse WM, Mott J, Motuk E, Nath A, Newton D, Nguyen H, Oberling M, Osofsky R, Ostiguy JF, Park S, Pauletta G, Piacentino GM, Pilato RN, Pitts KT, Plaster B, Počanić D, Pohlman N, Polly CC, Popovic M, Price J, Quinn B, Raha N, Ramachandran S, Ramberg E, Rider NT, Ritchie JL, Roberts BL, Rubin DL, Santi L, Sathyan D, Schellman H, Schlesier C, Schreckenberger A, Semertzidis YK, Shatunov YM, Shemyakin D, Shenk M, Sim D, Smith MW, Smith A, Soha AK, Sorbara M, Stöckinger D, Stapleton J, Still D, Stoughton C, Stratakis D, Strohman C, Stuttard T, Swanson HE, Sweetmore G, Sweigart DA, Syphers MJ, Tarazona DA, Teubner T, Tewsley-Booth AE, Thomson K, Tishchenko V, Tran NH, Turner W, Valetov E, Vasilkova D, Venanzoni G, Volnykh VP, Walton T, Warren M, Weisskopf A, Welty-Rieger L, Whitley M, Winter P, Wolski A, Wormald M, Wu W, Yoshikawa C. Measurement of the Positive Muon Anomalous Magnetic Moment to 0.46 ppm. Phys Rev Lett 2021; 126:141801. [PMID: 33891447 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.141801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We present the first results of the Fermilab National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL) Muon g-2 Experiment for the positive muon magnetic anomaly a_{μ}≡(g_{μ}-2)/2. The anomaly is determined from the precision measurements of two angular frequencies. Intensity variation of high-energy positrons from muon decays directly encodes the difference frequency ω_{a} between the spin-precession and cyclotron frequencies for polarized muons in a magnetic storage ring. The storage ring magnetic field is measured using nuclear magnetic resonance probes calibrated in terms of the equivalent proton spin precession frequency ω[over ˜]_{p}^{'} in a spherical water sample at 34.7 °C. The ratio ω_{a}/ω[over ˜]_{p}^{'}, together with known fundamental constants, determines a_{μ}(FNAL)=116 592 040(54)×10^{-11} (0.46 ppm). The result is 3.3 standard deviations greater than the standard model prediction and is in excellent agreement with the previous Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) E821 measurement. After combination with previous measurements of both μ^{+} and μ^{-}, the new experimental average of a_{μ}(Exp)=116 592 061(41)×10^{-11} (0.35 ppm) increases the tension between experiment and theory to 4.2 standard deviations.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Abi
- University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - T Albahri
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - S Al-Kilani
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - D Allspach
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois, USA
| | - L P Alonzi
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | - A Anisenkov
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - F Azfar
- University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - K Badgley
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois, USA
| | - S Baeßler
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - I Bailey
- Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - V A Baranov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia
| | - E Barlas-Yucel
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - T Barrett
- Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - E Barzi
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois, USA
| | - A Basti
- INFN, Sezione di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - A Behnke
- Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois, USA
| | - M Berz
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | | | - H P Binney
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | - P Bloom
- North Central College, Naperville, Illinois, USA
| | - J Bono
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois, USA
| | - E Bottalico
- INFN, Sezione di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - T Bowcock
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - D Boyden
- Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois, USA
| | - G Cantatore
- INFN, Sezione di Trieste, Trieste, Italy
- Università di Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - R M Carey
- Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - J Carroll
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - B C K Casey
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois, USA
| | - D Cauz
- INFN Gruppo Collegato di Udine, Sezione di Trieste, Udine, Italy
- Università di Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - S Ceravolo
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy
| | | | - S P Chang
- Center for Axion and Precision Physics (CAPP)/Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | | | - S Chappa
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois, USA
| | - S Charity
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois, USA
| | - R Chislett
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - J Choi
- Center for Axion and Precision Physics (CAPP)/Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Z Chu
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - T E Chupp
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - M E Convery
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois, USA
| | - A Conway
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
| | - G Corradi
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy
| | - S Corrodi
- Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois, USA
| | - L Cotrozzi
- INFN, Sezione di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - J D Crnkovic
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, USA
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
- University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi, USA
| | - S Dabagov
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy
| | | | - P T Debevec
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | | | - P Di Meo
- INFN, Sezione di Napoli, Napoli, Italy
| | | | - R Di Stefano
- INFN, Sezione di Napoli, Napoli, Italy
- Università di Cassino e del Lazio Meridionale, Cassino, Italy
| | - B Drendel
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois, USA
| | - A Driutti
- INFN, Sezione di Trieste, Trieste, Italy
- Università di Udine, Udine, Italy
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - V N Duginov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia
| | - M Eads
- Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois, USA
| | - N Eggert
- Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - A Epps
- Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois, USA
| | - J Esquivel
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois, USA
| | - M Farooq
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - R Fatemi
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - C Ferrari
- INFN, Sezione di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Ottica-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Pisa, Italy
| | - M Fertl
- Institute of Physics and Cluster of Excellence PRISMA+, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - A Fiedler
- Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois, USA
| | - A T Fienberg
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - A Fioretti
- INFN, Sezione di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Ottica-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Pisa, Italy
| | - D Flay
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
| | - S B Foster
- Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - H Friedsam
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois, USA
| | - E Frlež
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - N S Froemming
- Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois, USA
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - J Fry
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - C Fu
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - C Gabbanini
- INFN, Sezione di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Ottica-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Pisa, Italy
| | - M D Galati
- INFN, Sezione di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - S Ganguly
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois, USA
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - A Garcia
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - D E Gastler
- Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - J George
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - A Gioiosa
- INFN, Sezione di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Università del Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - K L Giovanetti
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia, USA
| | - P Girotti
- INFN, Sezione di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - W Gohn
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - T Gorringe
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - J Grange
- Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois, USA
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - S Grant
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - F Gray
- Regis University, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - S Haciomeroglu
- Center for Axion and Precision Physics (CAPP)/Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - D Hahn
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois, USA
| | | | - D Hampai
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy
| | - F Han
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - E Hazen
- Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - J Hempstead
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - S Henry
- University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - A T Herrod
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - D W Hertzog
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - G Hesketh
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - A Hibbert
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Z Hodge
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - J L Holzbauer
- University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi, USA
| | - K W Hong
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - R Hong
- Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois, USA
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - M Iacovacci
- INFN, Sezione di Napoli, Napoli, Italy
- Università di Napoli, Napoli, Italy
| | | | - C Johnstone
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois, USA
| | - J A Johnstone
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois, USA
| | - P Kammel
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | - M Karuza
- INFN, Sezione di Trieste, Trieste, Italy
- University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - J Kaspar
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - D Kawall
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
| | - L Kelton
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - A Keshavarzi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - D Kessler
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
| | - K S Khaw
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | - N V Khomutov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia
| | - B Kiburg
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois, USA
| | - M Kiburg
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois, USA
- North Central College, Naperville, Illinois, USA
| | - O Kim
- Center for Axion and Precision Physics (CAPP)/Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - S C Kim
- Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Y I Kim
- Center for Axion and Precision Physics (CAPP)/Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - B King
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - N Kinnaird
- Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - I Kourbanis
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois, USA
| | - E Kraegeloh
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - V A Krylov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia
| | - A Kuchibhotla
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | | | - K R Labe
- Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - J LaBounty
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - M Lancaster
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - M J Lee
- Center for Axion and Precision Physics (CAPP)/Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - S Lee
- Center for Axion and Precision Physics (CAPP)/Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - S Leo
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - B Li
- Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois, USA
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - D Li
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - L Li
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - I Logashenko
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | | | - A Lucà
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois, USA
| | - G Lukicov
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - G Luo
- Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois, USA
| | - A Lusiani
- INFN, Sezione di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Pisa, Italy
| | - A L Lyon
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois, USA
| | - B MacCoy
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - R Madrak
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois, USA
| | - K Makino
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - F Marignetti
- INFN, Sezione di Napoli, Napoli, Italy
- Università di Cassino e del Lazio Meridionale, Cassino, Italy
| | | | - S Maxfield
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - M McEvoy
- Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois, USA
| | - W Merritt
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois, USA
| | | | - J P Miller
- Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - S Miozzi
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
| | - J P Morgan
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois, USA
| | - W M Morse
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, USA
| | - J Mott
- Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois, USA
| | - E Motuk
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - A Nath
- INFN, Sezione di Napoli, Napoli, Italy
- Università di Napoli, Napoli, Italy
| | - D Newton
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - H Nguyen
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois, USA
| | - M Oberling
- Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois, USA
| | - R Osofsky
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - J-F Ostiguy
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois, USA
| | - S Park
- Center for Axion and Precision Physics (CAPP)/Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - G Pauletta
- INFN Gruppo Collegato di Udine, Sezione di Trieste, Udine, Italy
- Università di Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - G M Piacentino
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
- Università del Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - R N Pilato
- INFN, Sezione di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - K T Pitts
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - B Plaster
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - D Počanić
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - N Pohlman
- Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois, USA
| | - C C Polly
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois, USA
| | - M Popovic
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois, USA
| | - J Price
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - B Quinn
- University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi, USA
| | - N Raha
- INFN, Sezione di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - E Ramberg
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois, USA
| | - N T Rider
- Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - J L Ritchie
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - B L Roberts
- Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - D L Rubin
- Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - L Santi
- INFN Gruppo Collegato di Udine, Sezione di Trieste, Udine, Italy
- Università di Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - D Sathyan
- Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - H Schellman
- Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - C Schlesier
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - A Schreckenberger
- Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Y K Semertzidis
- Center for Axion and Precision Physics (CAPP)/Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Y M Shatunov
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - D Shemyakin
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - M Shenk
- Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois, USA
| | - D Sim
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - M W Smith
- INFN, Sezione di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - A Smith
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - A K Soha
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois, USA
| | - M Sorbara
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
- Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - D Stöckinger
- Institut für Kern-und Teilchenphysik, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - J Stapleton
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois, USA
| | - D Still
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois, USA
| | - C Stoughton
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois, USA
| | - D Stratakis
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois, USA
| | - C Strohman
- Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - T Stuttard
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - H E Swanson
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - G Sweetmore
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | | | - M J Syphers
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois, USA
- Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois, USA
| | - D A Tarazona
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - T Teubner
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | | | - K Thomson
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - V Tishchenko
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, USA
| | - N H Tran
- Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - W Turner
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - E Valetov
- Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
- Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - D Vasilkova
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - V P Volnykh
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia
| | - T Walton
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois, USA
| | - M Warren
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - A Weisskopf
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - L Welty-Rieger
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois, USA
| | - M Whitley
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - P Winter
- Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois, USA
| | - A Wolski
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - M Wormald
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - W Wu
- University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi, USA
| | - C Yoshikawa
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois, USA
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Greeff JM, Pentz K, Warren M. Correction to 'The efficacy of natural selection in producing optimal sex ratio adjustments in a fig wasp species'. Proc Biol Sci 2021; 288:20210259. [PMID: 33622138 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2021.0259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J M Greeff
- Section Genetics, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa
| | - K Pentz
- Section Genetics, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa
| | - M Warren
- Section Genetics, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa
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Bridge P, Al-Samarraie F, Ball B, Calder K, Callender J, Edgerley J, Gordon C, Ketterer S, Kirby M, Pagett M, Pilkington P, Porritt B, Warren M. Realistic Radiation Therapist Training in a Simulated Clinical Department. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2019.06.2204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Bain S, Rea R, Warren M, Holst AG, Vrazic H, Madsbad S. P2859Semaglutide consistently reduces cardiovascular risk in patients with type 2 diabetes regardless of baseline cardiovascular risk level: post hoc analyses of the SUSTAIN trial programme. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy565.p2859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S Bain
- Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - R Rea
- Federal University of Paraná, Paraná, Brazil
| | - M Warren
- Physicians East, Greenville, United States of America
| | | | - H Vrazic
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Søborg, Denmark
| | - S Madsbad
- University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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15
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Dennis AT, Warren M. Response letter to correspondence. Int J Obstet Anesth 2018; 35:111-112. [PMID: 29945750 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijoa.2018.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A T Dennis
- The University of Melbourne and Department of Anaesthesia, The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - M Warren
- Department of Anaesthesia, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
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Jones S, Chuter R, Pollitt A, Warren M, McWilliam A. OC-0615: Investigating online adaptive workflows for prostate patients on the MR-Linac: an in-silico study. Radiother Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(18)30925-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Hallissey R, O'Connell A, Warren M. Factors that Influence Uptake of Vaccination in Pregnancy. Ir Med J 2018; 111:713. [PMID: 30376231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Influenza and Pertussis are vaccine preventable diseases carrying significant morbidity and mortality in pregnant women and infants. The uptake of these vaccinations in pregnancy is suboptimal. Our study aimed to identify factors influencing our pregnant patient's knowledge, beliefs and perceptions. A self-administered, specifically devised, 34-point questionnaire was taken by antenatal patients in a primary care setting from November 2015 to March 2016. A majority believe both diseases are serious during pregnancy or infancy but many are unsure on vaccination safety. A majority of respondents at 80/88 (91%) consider their GP's advice reliable on this matter. Our key message is that health care provider recommendation is the most powerful tool to improve vaccination uptake. Our research clearly identifies GP's as the most trusted source of information, making it crucial to deliver accurate information to this high-risk group.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Hallissey
- South East General Practice Training Scheme Graduates, 2016
| | - A O'Connell
- South East General Practice Training Scheme Graduates, 2016
| | - M Warren
- South East General Practice Training Scheme Graduates, 2016
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Hersom MJ, Wilson TW, Warren M, England GK, Baggett D. 11 Upcycling Bahiagrass Hay Using Cull Potatoes As an Alternative Feed Resource. J Anim Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky027.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M J Hersom
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - T W Wilson
- St. Johns County Extension - University of Florida, St. Augustine, FL
| | - M Warren
- Flagler & Putnam Co. Extension - University of Florida, Bunnell, FL
| | - G K England
- Hastings Agricultural Extension Center-University of Florida, Hastings, FL
| | - D Baggett
- Hastings Agricultural Extension Center-University of Florida, Hastings, FL
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Cook N, Carter L, Aruketty S, O'Brien C, Thistlethwaite F, Dean E, Krebs M, Warren M, Berman R. Enhanced supportive care in early phase clinical trials. Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx388.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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20
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Jaeckel E, Lane W, Bailey TS, Gerety G, Gumprecht J, Philis-Tsimikas A, Hansen CT, Nielsen TS, Warren M. Konsistenter Vorteil von Insulin degludec 100 E/ml (IDeg) vs. Insulin glargin 100 E/ml (IGlar) in Bezug auf Hypoglykämien bei Patienten mit T1D mit hohem Risiko für schwere Hypoglykämien: Eine randomisierte, doppelblinde Crossover-Studie. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1601592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E Jaeckel
- Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - W Lane
- Mountain Diabetes and Endocrine Center, Asheville, United States
| | - TS Bailey
- AMCR Institute Inc., Escondido, United States
| | - G Gerety
- Albany Medical Center, Albany, United States
| | - J Gumprecht
- Medical University of Silesia, Zabrze, Poland
| | | | | | | | - M Warren
- Physicians East, Greenville, United States
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Pringle A, Warren M, Gottwald J, Cowen PJ, Harmer CJ. Cognitive mechanisms of diazepam administration: a healthy volunteer model of emotional processing. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2016; 233:2221-8. [PMID: 27150079 PMCID: PMC4873521 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-016-4269-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Benzodiazepine drugs continue to be prescribed relatively frequently for anxiety disorders, especially where other treatments have failed or when rapid alleviation of anxiety is imperative. The neuropsychological mechanism by which these drugs act to relieve symptoms, however, remains underspecified. Cognitive accounts of anxiety disorders emphasise hypervigilance for threat in the maintenance of the disorders. OBJECTIVE AND METHODS The current study examined the effects of 7- or 8-day administration of diazepam in healthy participants (n = 36) on a well-validated battery of tasks measuring emotional processing, including measures of vigilance for threat and physiological responses to threat. RESULTS Compared to placebo, diazepam reduced vigilant-avoidant patterns of emotional attention (p < 0.01) and reduced general startle responses (p < .05). Diazepam administration had limited effects on emotional processing, enhancing the response to positive vs negative words in the emotional categorisation task (p < .05), modulating emotional memory in terms of false accuracy (p < .05) and slowing the recognition of all facial expressions of emotion (p = .01). CONCLUSIONS These results have implications for our understanding of the cognitive mechanisms of benzodiazepine treatment. The data reported here suggests that diazepam modulates emotional attention, an effect which may be involved in its therapeutic actions in anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Pringle
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Neurosciences Building, Warneford Lane, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7JX UK
| | - M. Warren
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Neurosciences Building, Warneford Lane, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7JX UK
| | - J. Gottwald
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - P. J. Cowen
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Neurosciences Building, Warneford Lane, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7JX UK
| | - C. J. Harmer
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Neurosciences Building, Warneford Lane, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7JX UK
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Johnson T, Butcher J, Deb D, Faizullabhoy M, Hummel P, Kittle J, McGinnis S, Mearns LO, Nover D, Parker A, Sarkar S, Srinivasan R, Tuppad P, Warren M, Weaver C, Witt J. MODELING STREAMFLOW AND WATER QUALITY SENSITIVITY TO CLIMATE CHANGE AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT IN 20 U.S. WATERSHEDS. J Am Water Resour Assoc 2015; 51:1321-1341. [PMID: 36203498 PMCID: PMC9534033 DOI: 10.1111/1752-1688.12308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Watershed modeling in 20 large, United States (U.S.) watersheds addresses gaps in our knowledge of streamflow, nutrient (nitrogen and phosphorus), and sediment loading sensitivity to mid-21st Century climate change and urban/residential development scenarios. Use of a consistent methodology facilitates regional scale comparisons across the study watersheds. Simulations use the Soil and Water Assessment Tool. Climate change scenarios are from the North American Regional Climate Change Assessment Program dynamically downscaled climate model output. Urban and residential development scenarios are from U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Integrated Climate and Land Use Scenarios project. Simulations provide a plausible set of streamflow and water quality responses to mid-21st Century climate change across the U.S. Simulated changes show a general pattern of decreasing streamflow volume in the central Rockies and Southwest, and increases on the East Coast and Northern Plains. Changes in pollutant loads follow a similar pattern but with increased variability. Ensemble mean results suggest that by the mid-21st Century, statistically significant changes in streamflow and total suspended solids loads (relative to baseline conditions) are possible in roughly 30-40% of study watersheds. These proportions increase to around 60% for total phosphorus and total nitrogen loads. Projected urban/residential development, and watershed responses to development, are small at the large spatial scale of modeling in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Johnson
- Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1200 Pennsylvania Ave. NW, MC8601P, Washington, D.C. 20460
| | - J Butcher
- Tetra Tech, Inc., Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709
| | - D Deb
- Spatial Sciences Laboratory, Ecosystem Science and Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77845
| | | | - P Hummel
- AQUA TERRA Consultants, Decatur, Georgia 30030
| | - J Kittle
- AQUA TERRA Consultants, Decatur, Georgia 30030
| | - S McGinnis
- National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado 80307
| | - L O Mearns
- National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado 80307
| | - D Nover
- Agency for International Development, West African Regional Office, Accra, 09817 Ghana
| | - A Parker
- Tetra Tech, Inc., Fairfax, Virginia 22030
| | - S Sarkar
- Tetra Tech, Inc., Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709
| | - R Srinivasan
- Spatial Sciences Laboratory, Ecosystem Science and Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77845
| | - P Tuppad
- Spatial Sciences Laboratory, Ecosystem Science and Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77845
| | - M Warren
- USGS CIDA, Middleton, Wisconsin 53562
| | - C Weaver
- Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1200 Pennsylvania Ave. NW, MC8601P, Washington, D.C. 20460
| | - J Witt
- Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1200 Pennsylvania Ave. NW, MC8601P, Washington, D.C. 20460
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Warren M, Webster G, Ryder D, Rowbottom C, Faivre-Finn C. An isotoxic planning comparison study for stage II-III non-small cell lung cancer: is intensity-modulated radiotherapy the answer? Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2014; 26:461-7. [PMID: 24793504 DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2014.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2013] [Revised: 03/06/2014] [Accepted: 03/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Recent clinical series suggest that treating patients with isotoxic twice-daily radiotherapy may be beneficial. This dosimetric planning study compared the use of intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3DRT) to deliver isotoxic treatment for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty patients with stage II/III NSCLC were selected. A dose-escalated plan was produced retrospectively for each using three different methods: (i) three to five beams 3DRT; (ii) seven beams inverse-planned conformal radiotherapy; (iii) seven beams IMRT. The starting point for dose escalation was 55.8 Gy in 1.8 Gy per fraction twice-daily. The number of fractions was then increased until one or more organ at risk tolerance dose was exceeded or a maximum dose of 79.2 Gy was reached. RESULTS The median escalated doses were 70.2, 66.6 and 64.8 Gy for IMRT, 3DRT and inverse-planned conformal radiotherapy, respectively. IMRT allowed a significant dose increase in comparison with the other two methods (P < 0.05), whereas no significant difference was found between 3DRT and inverse-planned conformal radiotherapy. IMRT was more successful at escalating dose in patients where the brachial plexus and spinal canal were close to the planning target volume. IMRT did not allow the escalation of dose beyond 70.2 Gy (82.8 Gy BED10, 69 Gy EQD2) due to the proximity of disease to the great vessels and the proximal bronchial tree. CONCLUSIONS IMRT allows increased dose escalation compared with conformal radiotherapy. However, there is limited opportunity to escalate the prescription dose beyond 70.2 Gy twice-daily in disease close to the central mediastinal structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Warren
- Christie Medical Physics and Engineering, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK.
| | - G Webster
- Medical Physics, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - D Ryder
- MAHSC-CTU Trials Coordination Unit, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - C Rowbottom
- Christie Medical Physics and Engineering, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - C Faivre-Finn
- Radiotherapy Related Research, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
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Smith C, Warren M, Rouchet R, Reichard M. The function of multiple ejaculations in bitterling. J Evol Biol 2014; 27:1819-29. [DOI: 10.1111/jeb.12432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2014] [Revised: 05/04/2014] [Accepted: 05/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Smith
- School of Biology; University of St Andrews; St Andrews UK
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology; Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic; Brno Czech Republic
| | - M. Warren
- School of Biology; University of St Andrews; St Andrews UK
| | - R. Rouchet
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology; Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic; Brno Czech Republic
- Institute of Botany; Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic; Brno Czech Republic
| | - M. Reichard
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology; Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic; Brno Czech Republic
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Warren M, Hughes S, Flaim J, Singleton W, Yamashita M, Genovese M. THU0539 Isis-Crp Rx: Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, Safety and Tolerability of an Antisense Oligonucleotide Specific for Inhibition of CRP in Inflammation. Ann Rheum Dis 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.2538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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27
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Warren M, Widmer R, Arora M, Hibbert S. After hours presentation of traumatic dental injuries to a major paediatric teaching hospital. Aust Dent J 2014; 59:172-9. [DOI: 10.1111/adj.12166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Warren
- Department of Dentistry; The Children's Hospital at Westmead; Westmead New South Wales
- Westmead Centre for Oral Health; Faculty of Dentistry; The University of Sydney; New South Wales
| | - R Widmer
- Department of Dentistry; The Children's Hospital at Westmead; Westmead New South Wales
| | - M Arora
- Institute of Dental Research; The University of Sydney; New South Wales
| | - S Hibbert
- Department of Dentistry; The Children's Hospital at Westmead; Westmead New South Wales
- Westmead Centre for Oral Health; Faculty of Dentistry; The University of Sydney; New South Wales
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Warren
- Centre for Rural Policy Research; Department of Politics; University of Exeter; Amory Building, Rennes Drive Exeter Devon EX4 4RJ
| | - M. Lobley
- Centre for Rural Policy Research; Department of Politics; University of Exeter; Amory Building, Rennes Drive Exeter Devon EX4 4RJ
| | - M. Winter
- Centre for Rural Policy Research; Department of Politics; University of Exeter; Amory Building, Rennes Drive Exeter Devon EX4 4RJ
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de Heer F, Morera O, Warren M, Chaudhari L, de Heer HD. At risk or not: comparing normative and criterion-referenced body mass index standards among Mexican American children. Arch Latinoam Nutr 2013; 63:126-133. [PMID: 24934068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Most childhood obesity research has classified participants by normative standards for Body Mass Index (BMI) through population percentiles or values corresponding to overweight adults (World Health Organization (WHO), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the International Obesity Task Force (IOTF)). In 2006, criterion-referenced standards (FitnessGram) were developed (revised in 2010) which directly associate BMI values with adverse health outcomes. This study assessed agreement between normative and criterion-referenced standards. Participants included 653 Mexican American 3rd to 5th graders living in the U.S.-Mexico border area who participated in a health promotion project. At baseline, agreement was compared between normative and criterion-referenced classifications. At follow-up, agreement between classifications on changes (e.g., from overweight to healthy weight) was assessed. According to FitnessGram standards, 53.0% of participants were overweight or obese at baseline. Compared to FitnessGram, the IOTF and CDC standards classified 15% fewer participants as obese/high risk. The WHO standards were closely related to FitnessGram (kappa=.925) and showed significantly greater agreement with FitnessGram than the CDC (kappa=.925 versus 0.722, p < .001) and IOTF standards (kappa=.925 versus .682, p < .001). Compared to the FitnessGram (8.9%), the WHO and CDC (8.6%) were similar, but IOTF standards lower (6.5%) in how many children improved following the health program. Despite acceptable agreement between the different indices, several normative classifications may underestimate the proportion of children who are at risk for BMI-related adverse health consequences.
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Zeyfang A, Sorli C, Kienhöfer J, Oyer D, Warren M, Mersebach H, Johansen T. Ältere Patienten haben eine niedrigere Rate nächtlicher Hypoglykämien mit Insulin degludec als mit Insulin glargin: eine Metaanalyse von Phase-3a-Studien (MON-204). DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2013. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1341706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Warren M, Webster G, Faivre-Finn C, Rowbottom C. 161 Isotoxic radiotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer: is intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) the answer? Lung Cancer 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(13)70161-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Noureldin R, Ouwerkerk R, Warren M, Sable S, Skarulis M, Gharib A, Pettigrew RI. 3T-MRH1 spectroscopy for quantification of myocardial steatosis: relationship to metabolic profile and global myocardial function. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2013. [PMCID: PMC3560042 DOI: 10.1186/1532-429x-15-s1-w16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Warren M, Mackie D, Leary A. Abstract P2-12-15: Understanding the complex non face-to-face interventions delivered by the clinical nurse specialists in metastatic breast cancer. Cancer Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs12-p2-12-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction: Despite improving survival rates in breast cancer, globally one third of patients diagnosed with primary breast cancer will go onto develop metastatic breast cancer. In recent years treatment for metastatic breast cancer in the United Kingdom has moved to the ambulatory setting using treatments such as, oral chemotherapies, oral biological and bisphosphonate therapies meaning telephone consultation and clinical management, pivotal to confluent care.
Research Objectives: To determine the number and complexity of incoming telephone calls, the stage of the metastatic breast cancer disease pathway for example at diagnosis, treatment, follow-up, and palliative care, the nursing interventions, outcomes and the reason for contact from patients and carers.
Rationale: Previous studies demonstrate much of the clinical work of the clinical nurse specialist is delivered via the telephone. The rationale of this study was to examine the complexity of non face-to-face patient interaction with the metastatic breast cancer clinical nurse specialist.
Method: A prospective study conducted over a 1 – month period at a United Kingdom National Health Service Foundation Hospital Trust. Data was collected by two clinical nurse specialists on incoming calls using Excel and a bespoke interrelational structured query database. These data were then mined using standard data mining techniques and pattern recognition techniques.
Results: The study collected 28 days of data. 229 patient and carer telephone contacts were recorded. Most calls were from patients (62.5%). Incoming calls resulted in the delivery of 1282 interventions, a mean of six interventions per call (range1-8) and clustered into four areas: meeting information needs (29%), symptom management (26%), psychological/social issues (33%) and other issues (12%). The incoming telephone work accounted for 63 h which represented 30% of the total working time of the clinical nurse specialist. Calls primarily originated from patients who were in the follow-up phase (43% of calls), a group usually thought to prefer self management.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2012;72(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-12-15.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Warren
- Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom; Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Independent Healthcare Consultant and Research Analyst
| | - D Mackie
- Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom; Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Independent Healthcare Consultant and Research Analyst
| | - A Leary
- Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom; Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom; Independent Healthcare Consultant and Research Analyst
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Fisher K, Donaldson E, Green LM, Harmon T, Harrison P, Lande R, Warren M. A decade of investment, HIV prevention research and development funding from 2000 through 2011. Retrovirology 2012. [PMCID: PMC3360380 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-9-s1-p101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Ngongo BP, Hannah S, Mbogua J, Seyoum M, Warren M, Baas E, Priddy F. An assessment of Good Participatory Practice Guidelines at HIV prevention research clinical centers in Eastern and Southern Africa. Retrovirology 2012. [PMCID: PMC3441806 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-9-s2-o25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Hannah S, Warren M, Bass E. Global implementation of Good Participatory Practice Guidelines for biomedical HIV prevention research: charting progress and setting milestones. Retrovirology 2012. [PMCID: PMC3441838 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-9-s2-p240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Fisher K, Donaldson ED, Gobet B, Green L, Harmon T, Harrison P, Lande R, Warren M. Funding the critical path from research to reality: sustaining HIV vaccine R&D amidst economic uncertainty. Retrovirology 2012. [PMCID: PMC3441485 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-9-s2-p236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Ortego C, Huedo-Medina TB, Santos P, Rodríguez E, Sevilla L, Warren M, Llorca J. Sex differences in adherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy: a meta-analysis. AIDS Care 2012; 24:1519-34. [PMID: 22533692 DOI: 10.1080/09540121.2012.672722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Observational studies have found that women tend to have lower adherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) than men do, though no meta-analysis has yet investigated this trend. The aims of the current meta-analysis are to determine if and to what degree the percentage of men versus women maintaining ≥90% adherence to prescribed HAART differs, and if the external variables moderating adherence differs by gender. Eight electronic databases were searched to locate all relevant studies available by May 2011. Fifty-six observational studies were eligible for inclusion in the meta-analysis. A random effect model was assumed for the global percentage estimation and to explain the heterogeneity. Across these studies, the difference between men and women in the proportion of individuals with ≥90% adherence to HAART was marginally significant (p<0.1; 67% and 62%, respectively). A greater proportion of men maintaining ≥90% adherence to HAART was more likely in studies with higher proportions of men who have sex with men (MSM), lower proportions of male alcohol users or lower proportions of men in a methadone program. In women, higher rates of adherence were found in studies conducted in Africa, Asia, and South America, when the sample included more widows or when the sample had a lower basal CD4 count. That both the percentage of adherent individuals and the variables associated with such adherence differ between men and women are suggestive of the need for improving gender-tailored interventions for adherence to HAART.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Ortego
- Nursing Department, University of Cantabria, Spain.
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Christian G, Frank N, Ash S, Baumann T, Bazin D, Brown J, DeYoung PA, Finck JE, Gade A, Grinyer GF, Grovom A, Hinnefeld JD, Lunderberg EM, Luther B, Mosby M, Mosby S, Nagi T, Peaslee GF, Rogers WF, Smith JK, Snyder J, Spyrou A, Strongman MJ, Thoennessen M, Warren M, Weisshaar D, Wersal A. Exploring the low-Z shore of the island of inversion at n=19. Phys Rev Lett 2012; 108:032501. [PMID: 22400733 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.108.032501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The technique of invariant mass spectroscopy has been used to measure, for the first time, the ground state energy of neutron-unbound (28)F, determined to be a resonance in the (27)F+n continuum at 220(50) keV. States in (28)F were populated by the reactions of a 62 MeV/u (29)Ne beam impinging on a 288 mg/cm(2) beryllium target. The measured (28)F ground state energy is in good agreement with USDA/USDB shell model predictions, indicating that pf shell intruder configurations play only a small role in the ground state structure of (28)F and establishing a low-Z boundary of the island of inversion for N=19 isotones.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Christian
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA.
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Nowicki M, Rychlik I, Haller H, Warren M, Suchower L, Gause-Nilsson I, Schützer KM. Long-term treatment with the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor saxagliptin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and renal impairment: a randomised controlled 52-week efficacy and safety study. Int J Clin Pract 2011; 65:1230-9. [PMID: 21977965 DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-1241.2011.02812.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Therapeutic options are limited for diabetes patients with renal disease. This report presents 52-week results from a study assessing the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor saxagliptin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and renal impairment. DESIGN Double-blind study in patients stratified by baseline renal impairment (moderate, severe or end-stage renal disease [ESRD] on haemodialysis) randomised to saxagliptin 2.5 mg once daily or placebo added to other antidiabetic drugs in use at baseline, including insulin. PATIENTS A total of 170 adults with glycated haemoglobin (HbA(1c) ) 7-11% and creatinine clearance < 50 ml/min or ESRD were randomised and treated. MEASUREMENTS Absolute changes in HbA(1c) and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) from baseline to week 52 were evaluated using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) with last observation carried forward. Repeated-measures analyses were also performed. RESULTS Adjusted mean decrease in HbA(1c) was greater with saxagliptin than placebo (difference, -0.73%, p < 0.001 [ANCOVA]). Reductions in adjusted mean HbA(1c) were numerically greater with saxagliptin than placebo in patients with renal impairment rated as moderate (-0.94% vs. 0.19% respectively) or severe (-0.81% vs. -0.49%), but similar to placebo for those with ESRD (-1.13% vs. -0.99%). Reductions in adjusted mean FPG were numerically greater with saxagliptin in patients with moderate or severe renal impairment. Saxagliptin was generally well tolerated; similar proportions of patients in the saxagliptin and placebo groups reported hypoglycaemic events (28% and 29% respectively). CONCLUSIONS Saxagliptin 2.5 mg once daily offers sustained efficacy and good tolerability for patients with T2DM and renal impairment.
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Hatcher L, Warren M, Raithby P. Thermal and photocrystallographic studies on a nickel-nitro complex. Acta Crystallogr A 2011. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767311082298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Archer DF, Sturdee DW, Baber R, de Villiers TJ, Pines A, Freedman RR, Gompel A, Hickey M, Hunter MS, Lobo RA, Lumsden MA, MacLennan AH, Maki P, Palacios S, Shah D, Villaseca P, Warren M. Menopausal hot flushes and night sweats: where are we now? Climacteric 2011; 14:515-28. [PMID: 21848495 DOI: 10.3109/13697137.2011.608596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE An overview of the current knowledge on the etiology and treatment of vasomotor symptoms in postmenopausal women. MATERIALS AND METHODS Acknowledged experts in the field contributed a brief assessment of their areas of interest which were combined and edited into the final manuscript. RESULTS Women around the world experience vasomotor symptoms as they enter and complete the menopause transition. Vasomotor symptoms, specifically hot flushes, are caused by a narrowing of the thermoneutral zone in the brain. This effect, although related to estrogen withdrawal, is most likely related to changes in central nervous system neurotransmitters. Peripheral vascular reactivity is also altered in symptomatic women. Estrogen replacement therapy is the most effective treatment for hot flushes. Of the other interventions investigated, selective serotonin and selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors and gabapentin show efficacy greater than placebo. Objective monitoring of hot flushes indicates a robust improvement with hormone replacement therapy but little to no change with placebo. These data suggest that the subjective assessment of responses to therapy for vasomotor symptom results in inaccurate data. Hot flushes have recently been associated with increased cardiovascular risks and a lower incidence of breast cancer, but these data require confirmation. CONCLUSIONS Vasomotor symptoms are experienced by women of all ethnic groups. They are caused by changes in the central nervous system associated with estrogen withdrawal and are best treated with estrogen replacement therapy. Objective monitoring of hot flushes indicates that placebo has little to no effect on their improvement. Subjective assessments of hot flushes in clinical trials may be inaccurate based on objective measurement of the frequency of hot flushes. Based on preliminary reports, women experiencing hot flushes have an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and a reduced incidence of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- D F Archer
- Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA 23507, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Johnson
- Departments of Human Morphology and Physiology & Pharmacology, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham
| | - N W Thomas
- Departments of Human Morphology and Physiology & Pharmacology, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham
| | - M Warren
- Departments of Human Morphology and Physiology & Pharmacology, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham
| | - C G Wilson
- Departments of Human Morphology and Physiology & Pharmacology, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham
| | - J Fry
- Departments of Human Morphology and Physiology & Pharmacology, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham
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Warren M. Uncertainty, lack of control and emotional functioning in women with metastatic breast cancer: a review and secondary analysis of the literature using the critical appraisal technique. Eur J Cancer Care (Engl) 2011; 19:564-74. [PMID: 20735467 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2354.2010.01215.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A diagnosis of metastatic (or secondary) breast cancer is frequently more distressing than the diagnosis of a primary tumour since it indicates that the cancer is no longer curable. Relatively little is known, however, about women's experiences of this condition in comparison with those diagnosed with primary breast cancer. This paper therefore reports findings from a secondary analysis of the published literature on the topic using tools from the critical appraisal skills programme to identify and analyse appropriate papers, and the constant comparative method as a means of identifying any overarching or dominant themes emerging from the literature. Uncertainty, lack of control and poor emotional functioning emerged as the main themes affecting women with metastatic breast cancer. These are discussed in relation to their antecedents in the original studies and their implications for nursing care. The themes demonstrate that living with metastatic (or secondary) breast cancer is a multifaceted experience that is influenced by a large number of factors, many of which are under-researched in comparison with those affecting women diagnosed with primary disease. It is clear, however, that women affected by the condition need a great deal more support than they currently receive, and new services may be required to meet these needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Warren
- Secondary Breast Cancer, Sutton, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, Surrey, UK.
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Warren M, Webster G, Wylie J, Choudhury A. Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy for Soft Tissue Sarcomas: a Planning Comparison Study. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2011.01.496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Wiist WH, Sullivan BM, Wayment HA, Warren M. A web-based survey of the relationship between buddhist religious practices, health, and psychological characteristics: research methods and preliminary results. J Relig Health 2010; 49:18-31. [PMID: 19107601 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-008-9228-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2008] [Accepted: 11/24/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A Web-based survey was conducted to study the religious and health practices, medical history and psychological characteristics among Buddhist practitioners. This report describes the development, advertisement, administration and preliminary results of the survey. Over 1200 Buddhist practitioners responded. Electronic advertisements were the most effective means of recruiting participants. Survey participants were mostly well educated with high incomes and white. Participants engaged in Buddhist practices such as meditation, attending meetings and obtaining instruction from a monk or nun, and practiced healthful behaviors such as regular physical activity and not smoking. Buddhist meditative practice was related to psychological mindfulness and general health.
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Affiliation(s)
- W H Wiist
- Department of Health Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86001-5095, USA.
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Miller L, Bass E, Warren M, Grant D, Costelloe-Kuehn A, Feuer C, Fisher K. P15-24. Good participatory practice guidelines begin to take root. Retrovirology 2009. [PMCID: PMC2767721 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-6-s3-p225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
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Miller L, Bass E, Warren M, Fisher K, Grant D, Feuer C. P15-21. Investigating the utility and relevance of the good participatory practice guidelines for biomedical HIV prevention trials. Retrovirology 2009. [PMCID: PMC2767718 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-6-s3-p222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Fisher K, Feuer C, Harrison P, Lee W, Romero L, Vuthoori S, Warren M. P15-03. HIV vaccine funding trends entering a global recession: research and development (R&D) from 2000 – 2008. Retrovirology 2009. [PMCID: PMC2767698 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-6-s3-p204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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