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Baka RD, Kuleš J, Beletić A, Farkaš V, Rešetar Maslov D, Ljubić BB, Rubić I, Mrljak V, McLaughlin M, Eckersall D, Polizopoulou Z. Quantitative serum proteome analysis using tandem mass tags in dogs with epilepsy. J Proteomics 2024; 290:105034. [PMID: 37879566 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2023.105034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
This study included four groups of dogs (group A: healthy controls, group B: idiopathic epilepsy receiving antiepileptic medication (AEM), group C: idiopathic epilepsy without AEM, group D: structural epilepsy). Comparative quantitative proteomic analysis of serum samples among the groups was the main target of the study. Samples were analyzed by a quantitative Tandem-Mass-Tags approach on the Q-Exactive-Plus Hybrid Quadrupole-Orbitrap mass-spectrometer. Identification and relative quantification were performed in Proteome Discoverer. Data were analyzed using R. Gene ontology terms were analyzed based on Canis lupus familiaris database. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD041129. Eighty-one proteins with different relative adundance were identified in the four groups and 25 were master proteins (p < 0.05). Clusterin (CLU), and apolipoprotein A1 (APOA1) had higher abundance in the three groups of dogs (groups B, C, D) compared to controls. Amine oxidase (AOC3) was higher in abundance in group B compared to groups C and D, and lower in group A. Adiponectin (ADIPOQ) had higher abundance in groups C compared to group A. ADIPOQ and fibronectin (FN1) had higher abundance in group B compared to group C and D. Peroxidase activity assay was used to quantify HP abundance change, validating and correlating with proteomic analysis (r = 0.8796). SIGNIFICANCE: The proteomic analysis of serum samples from epileptic dogs indicated potential markers of epilepsy (CLU), proteins that may contribute to nerve tissue regeneration (APOA1), and contributing factors to epileptogenesis (AOC3). AEM could alter extracellular matrix proteins (FN1). Illness (epilepsy) severity could influence ADIPOQ abundance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rania D Baka
- Diagnostic Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Josipa Kuleš
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Anđelo Beletić
- Laboratory of proteomics, Internal Diseases Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Vladimir Farkaš
- Laboratory of proteomics, Internal Diseases Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Dina Rešetar Maslov
- Laboratory of proteomics, Internal Diseases Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Blanka Beer Ljubić
- Internal Diseases Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivana Rubić
- Laboratory of proteomics, Internal Diseases Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Vladimir Mrljak
- Laboratory of proteomics, Internal Diseases Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia; Internal Diseases Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marκ McLaughlin
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health & Comparative Medicine and School of Veterinary Medicine, College of Medicine, Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences,University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK
| | - David Eckersall
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health & Comparative Medicine and School of Veterinary Medicine, College of Medicine, Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences,University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK
| | - Zoe Polizopoulou
- Diagnostic Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Huang Y, Jonsson NN, McLaughlin M, Burchmore R, Johnson PCD, Jones RO, McGill S, Brady N, Weidt S, Eckersall PD. Quantitative TMT-based proteomics revealing host, dietary and microbial proteins in bovine faeces including barley serpin Z4, a prominent component in the head of beer. J Proteomics 2023; 285:104941. [PMID: 37285906 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2023.104941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
There has been little information about the proteome of bovine faeces or about the contribution to the faecal proteome of proteins from the host, the feed or the intestinal microbiome. Here, the bovine faecal proteome and the origin of its component proteins was assessed, while also determining the effect of treating barley, the major carbohydrate in the feed, with either ammonia (ATB) or sodium propionate (PTB) preservative. Healthy continental crossbreed steers were allocated to two groups and fed on either of the barley-based diets. Five faecal samples from each group were collected on Day 81 of the trial and analysed by quantitative proteomics using nLC-ESI-MS/MS after tandem mass tag labelling. In total, 281 bovine proteins, 199 barley proteins, 176 bacterial proteins and 190 archaeal proteins were identified in the faeces. Mucosal pentraxin, albumin and digestive enzymes were among bovine proteins identified. Serpin Z4 a protease inhibitor was the most abundant barley protein identified which is also found in barley-based beer, while numerous microbial proteins were identified, many originating bacteria from Clostridium, while Methanobrevibacter was the dominant archaeal genus. Thirty-nine proteins were differentially abundant between groups, the majority being more abundant in the PTB group compared to the ATB group. SIGNIFICANCE: Proteomic examination of faeces is becoming a valuable means to assess the health of the gastro-intestinal tract in several species, but knowledge on the proteins present in bovine faeces is limited. This investigation aimed to characterise the proteome of bovine faecal extracts in order to evaluate the potential for investigations of the proteome as a means to assess the health, disease and welfare of cattle in the future. The investigation was able to identify proteins in bovine faeces that had been (i) produced by the individual cattle, (ii) present in the barley-based feed eaten by the cattle or (iii) produced by bacteria and other microbes in the rumen or intestines. Bovine proteins identified included mucosal pentraxin, serum albumin and a variety of digestive enzymes. Barley proteins found in the faeces included serpin Z4, a protease inhibitor that is also found in beer having survived the brewing process. Bacterial and archaeal proteins in the faecal extracts were related to several pathways related to the metabolism of carbohydrates. The recognition of the range of proteins that can be identified in bovine faeces raises the possibility that non-invasive sample collection of this material could provide a novel diagnostic approach to cattle health and welfare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Huang
- School of Biodiversity, One Health & Veterinary Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
| | - N N Jonsson
- School of Biodiversity, One Health & Veterinary Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
| | - M McLaughlin
- School of Biodiversity, One Health & Veterinary Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
| | - R Burchmore
- Institute of Infection, Immunity & Inflammation and Glasgow Polyomics, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - P C D Johnson
- School of Biodiversity, One Health & Veterinary Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
| | - R O Jones
- School of Biodiversity, One Health & Veterinary Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
| | - S McGill
- Institute of Infection, Immunity & Inflammation and Glasgow Polyomics, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - N Brady
- School of Biodiversity, One Health & Veterinary Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
| | - S Weidt
- Institute of Infection, Immunity & Inflammation and Glasgow Polyomics, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - P D Eckersall
- School of Biodiversity, One Health & Veterinary Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK; Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis of the University of Murcia (Interlab-UMU), Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Veterinary School, University of Murcia, Murcia 30100, Spain.
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Davison J, Maguire S, McLaughlin M, Simms V, Bunting B. Exploring the psychometric properties of the Intellectual Disability versions of the Short Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale and Kidscreen10, self-reported by adolescents with intellectual disability. J Intellect Disabil Res 2023; 67:415-426. [PMID: 36785874 DOI: 10.1111/jir.13016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are no validated self-report measures that can be used to assess health and wellbeing in adolescents with intellectual disability (ID). METHOD The aim of this study was to explore the psychometric properties of two newly adapted self-report health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and mental wellbeing measures: the Intellectual Disability versions of the Short Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale (ID-SWEMWBS) and Kidscreen10 (ID-Kidscreen10). For this, we used data from a sample of 427 adolescents (aged 11-19) with ID recruited from special school settings. RESULTS Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted to validate the factor structure of both measures. Internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach's alpha and test-retest reliability was analysed using intra-class correlation coefficients. The internal consistency measured using Cronbach's alpha was found to be in the range of 0.70-0.78, test-retest reliabilities were expressed using intra-class correlation coefficients that were found to be high for both measures (ID-SWEMWBS, 0.758; ID-Kidscreen10, 0.723), and the CFA supported the unidimensional structure of both measures. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study indicate that the ID-SWEMWBS and ID-Kidscreen10 have very good psychometric properties and can be used as self-report measures to assess HRQoL and mental wellbeing in adolescents with ID.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Davison
- Psychology Research Institute, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - S Maguire
- Psychology Research Institute, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - M McLaughlin
- Psychology Research Institute, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - V Simms
- Psychology Research Institute, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - B Bunting
- Psychology Research Institute, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, UK
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Joyeux L, van der Merwe J, Aertsen M, Patel PA, Khatoun A, Mori da Cunha MGMC, De Vleeschauwer S, Parra J, Danzer E, McLaughlin M, Stoyanov D, Vercauteren T, Ourselin S, Radaelli E, de Coppi P, Van Calenbergh F, Deprest J. Neuroprotection is improved by watertightness of fetal spina bifida repair in the sheep model. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2023; 61:81-92. [PMID: 35353933 DOI: 10.1002/uog.24907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES A contributing factor to unsuccessful prenatal spina bifida aperta (SBA) repair via an open approach may be incomplete neurosurgical repair causing persistent in-utero leakage of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and exposure of the fetal spinal cord to amniotic fluid. We aimed to investigate the neurostructural and neurofunctional efficacy of watertight prenatal SBA repair in a validated SBA fetal lamb model. METHODS A well-powered superiority study was conducted in the validated SBA fetal lamb model (n = 7 per group). The outcomes of lambs which underwent watertight or non-watertight multilayer repair through an open approach were compared to those of unrepaired SBA lambs (historical controls) at delivery (term = 145 days). At ∼75 days, fetal lambs underwent standardized induction of lumbar SBA. At ∼100 days, they were assigned to an either watertight or non-watertight layered repair group based on an intraoperative watertightness test using subcutaneous fluorescein injection. At 1-2 days postnatally, as primary outcome, we assessed reversal of hindbrain herniation using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Secondary proxies of neuroprotection were: absence of CSF leakage at the repair site; hindlimb motor function based on joint-movement score, locomotor grade and Motor Evoked Potential (MEP); four-score neuroprotection scale, encompassing live birth, complete hindbrain herniation reversal, absence of CSF leakage and joint-movement score ≥ 9/15; and brain and spinal cord histology and immunohistochemistry. As the watertightness test cannot be used clinically due to its invasiveness, we developed a potential surrogate intraoperative three-score skin-repair-quality scale based on visual assessment of the quality of the skin repair (suture inter-run distance ≤ 3 mm, absence of tear and absence of ischemia), with high quality defined by a score ≥ 2/3 and low quality by a score < 2/3, and assessed its relationship with improved outcome. RESULTS Compared with unrepaired lambs, lambs with watertight repair achieved a high level of neuroprotection (neuroprotection score of 4/4 in 5/7 vs 0/7 lambs) as evidenced by: a significant 100% (vs 14%) reversal of hindbrain herniation on MRI; low CSF leakage (14% vs 100%); better hindlimb motor function, with higher joint-movement score, locomotor grade and MEP area under the curve and peak-to-peak amplitude; higher neuronal density in the hippocampus and corpus callosum; and higher reactive astrogliosis at the SBA lesion epicenter. Conversely, lambs with non-watertight SBA repair did not achieve the same level of neuroprotection (score of 4/4 in 1/7 lambs) compared with unrepaired lambs, with: a non-significant 86% (vs 14%) reversal of hindbrain herniation; high CSF leakage (43% vs 100%); no improvement in motor function; low brain neuron count in both the hippocampus and corpus callosum; and small spinal astroglial cell area at the epicenter. Both watertight layered repair and high (≥ 2/3) intraoperative skin-repair-quality score were associated with improved outcome, but the watertightness test and skin-repair-quality scale could not be used interchangeably due to result discrepancies. CONCLUSIONS Watertight layered fetal SBA repair is neuroprotective since it improves brain and spinal-cord structure and function in the fetal lamb model. This translational research has important clinical implications. A neurosurgical technique that achieves watertightness should be adopted in all fetal centers to improve neuroprotection. Future clinical studies could assess whether a high skin-repair-quality score (≥ 2/3) correlates with neuroprotection. © 2022 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Joyeux
- My FetUZ Fetal Research Center, Department of Development and Regeneration, Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Center for Surgical Technologies, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Woman and Child, Fetal Medicine Unit, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Texas Children's Hospital and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - J van der Merwe
- My FetUZ Fetal Research Center, Department of Development and Regeneration, Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Center for Surgical Technologies, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Woman and Child, Fetal Medicine Unit, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - M Aertsen
- Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - P A Patel
- Radiology Department, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - A Khatoun
- Exp ORL, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - M G M C Mori da Cunha
- My FetUZ Fetal Research Center, Department of Development and Regeneration, Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - S De Vleeschauwer
- Animal Research Center, Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - J Parra
- My FetUZ Fetal Research Center, Department of Development and Regeneration, Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- BCNatal, Fetal Medicine Research Center, Hospital Clinic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - E Danzer
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Lucile Packard Children's Hospital, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - M McLaughlin
- Radiology Department, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - D Stoyanov
- Wellcome/EPSRC Centre for Interventional and Surgical Sciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - T Vercauteren
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - S Ourselin
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - E Radaelli
- Department of Pathobiology, Ryan Veterinary Hospital, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - P de Coppi
- My FetUZ Fetal Research Center, Department of Development and Regeneration, Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Center for Surgical Technologies, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Woman and Child, Fetal Medicine Unit, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Specialist Neonatal and Pediatric Surgery Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital, University College London Hospitals, NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - F Van Calenbergh
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - J Deprest
- My FetUZ Fetal Research Center, Department of Development and Regeneration, Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Center for Surgical Technologies, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Woman and Child, Fetal Medicine Unit, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Institute of Women's Health, University College London Hospitals, London, UK
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Shah M, Sang E, Afeworki A, McLaughlin M, Finette B, Kwamboka L, Ogaro D. mHealth platform improved health worker's compliance to WHO’s IMNCI guideline in Nairobi, Kenya. Eur J Public Health 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckac129.423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Poor access to quality health services, especially in urban slums, is a global challenge. Given similar challenges in Nairobi's Kibra informal settlement area, we collaborated with the Langata/Kibra sub-county health management team to conduct a pilot program for improving the quality of child health services delivered by health care providers (HCPs). The pilot introduced a digital mHealth platform to HCPs working in Kibra informal settlement area in Nairobi. This mHealth platform was compliant to WHO's recommended guideline for integrated management of newborn and child illnesses (IMNCI) and was designed to help sick child assessment, diagnosis and management by HCPs. We aimed to determine if using this digital platform, coupled with supportive supervision and community outreach, would lead to improve compliance to the IMNCI guideline for assessment, diagnosis and treatment of sick children. We conducted baseline (February 2019) assessment, trained selected HCPs on the mHealth platform on handheld android tablets, conducted end line (March 2020) and measured any change in HCP's compliance to IMNCI guidelines. Total 89 HCPs were the mHealth platform users during end line assessment. When asked about the choice of antibiotic for treating childhood pneumonia, we found proportion of HCPs who preferred Amoxycillin dispersible tablet, the recommended treatment for childhood pneumonia, increased from 3% at baseline to 38% at end line. Proportion of HCPs who were aware that antibiotics should NOT be used for the management of simple diarrhea increased from 14% (at baseline) to 50% (at end line). At end line, more than 90% HCPs were found compliant in their practice to IMNCI guidelines for sick child assessment, diagnosis and management. These results demonstrate the use of the IMNCI compliant mHealth platforms as a potential important effective way to improve capacity and compliance among HCPs who are serving communities like Kibra informal settlement in Nairobi, Kenya.
Key messages
• WHO recommended IMNCI compliant mHealth platform enables health care providers to offer quality child health care.
• Using mHealth platform to ensure WHO’s IMNCI guideline implementation by health care providers might have potential impact on saving sick children’s lives from preventable deaths.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Shah
- Global Health, Save the Children US , Washington DC, USA
| | - E Sang
- Health and Nutrition, Save the Children International , Nairobi, Kenya
| | - A Afeworki
- Health and Nutrition, Save the Children International , Nairobi, Kenya
| | | | | | - L Kwamboka
- Langata Sub-county Health Management Team, Ministry of Health , Nairobi, Kenya
| | - D Ogaro
- Langata Sub-county Health Management Team, Ministry of Health , Nairobi, Kenya
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McLaughlin M, Caine-Bish N. Perceived Barriers of Nutrition Focused Physical Exam by Registered Dietitian Nutritionists Through Qualitative Responses. J Acad Nutr Diet 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2022.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Davison J, Maguire S, McLaughlin M, Simms V. Involving adolescents with intellectual disability in the adaptation of self-reported subjective well-being measures: participatory research and methodological considerations. J Intellect Disabil Res 2022; 66:628-641. [PMID: 35521793 PMCID: PMC9321088 DOI: 10.1111/jir.12936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The measurement of subjective well-being is challenging with samples of adolescents with intellectual disability (ID) given the cognitive and linguistic difficulties they face in comprehending standardised measures, and as such is primarily based on proxy reports. The lack of appropriate tools needs to be addressed so that adolescents with ID can self-report on their own well-being. The current study reports on the use of participatory research methods to adapt and modify two standardised self-report measures of subjective well-being suitable for completion by adolescents with ID. METHOD Two special schools were recruited for this study. At each school, staff (n = 15) and pupils aged 11-17 years (n = 35) participated. A series of co-design workshops were conducted to adapt two standardised subjective well-being measures: Kidscreen-10 and short-form Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale. RESULTS Specific aspects for measure adaption were identified: simplifying the item wording and phrasing; inclusion of pictorial communication symbols and visual prompts to represent the meaning of items; changing of tense of questions from past to present; asking questions rather than statements; reducing 5-point Likert scales to 3-point or dichotomous; presenting one item at a time during administration; and developing alternate formats of the survey to ensure inclusivity. CONCLUSIONS This paper illustrates the value of using participatory research methods when working alongside adolescents with ID and offers methodological, as well as practical, guidance in the context of adapting subjective self-report measures for this target group, serving as a guide to fellow researchers and clinicians interested in modifying or developing self-report measures for adolescents with ID.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Davison
- Psychology Research InstituteUlster UniversityColeraineUK
| | - S. Maguire
- Psychology Research InstituteUlster UniversityColeraineUK
| | - M. McLaughlin
- Psychology Research InstituteUlster UniversityColeraineUK
| | - V. Simms
- Psychology Research InstituteUlster UniversityColeraineUK
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Melake MJ, Smith HG, Mansfield D, Davies E, Dillon MT, Wilkins AC, Patin EC, Pedersen M, Buus R, Melcher AA, Thway K, Miah AB, Zaidi SH, Hayes AJ, Fenton TR, Harrington KJ, McLaughlin M. OX40 and 4-1BB delineate distinct immune profiles in sarcoma. Oncoimmunology 2022; 11:2066050. [PMID: 35558159 PMCID: PMC9090286 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2022.2066050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic relapse after radiotherapy and surgery is the major cause of disease-related mortality in sarcoma patients. Combining radiotherapy and immunotherapy is under investigation as a means to improve response rates. However, the immune contexture of sarcoma is understudied. Here, we use a retrospective cohort of sarcoma patients, treated with neoadjuvant radiotherapy, and TCGA data. We explore therapeutic targets of relevance to sarcoma, using genomics and multispectral immunohistochemistry to provide insights into the tumor immune microenvironment across sarcoma subtypes. Differential gene expression between radioresponsive myxoid liposarcoma (MLPS) and more radioresistant undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS) indicated UPS contained higher transcript levels of a number of immunotherapy targets (CD73/NT5E, CD39/ENTPD1, CD25/IL2RA, and 4-1BB/TNFRSF9). We focused on 4-1BB/TNFRSF9 and other costimulatory molecules. In TCGA data, 4-1BB correlated to an inflamed and exhausted phenotype. OX40/TNFRSF4 and 4-1BB/TNFRSF9 were highly expressed in sarcoma subtypes versus other cancers. Despite OX40 and 4-1BB being described as Treg markers, we identified that they delineate distinct tumor immune profiles. This was true for sarcoma and other cancers. While only a limited number of samples could be analyzed, spatial analysis of OX40 expression identified two diverse phenotypes of OX40+ Tregs, one associated with and one independent of tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs). Patient stratification is of intense interest for immunotherapies. We provide data supporting the viewpoint that a cohort of sarcoma patients, appropriately selected, are promising candidates for immunotherapies. Spatial profiling of OX40+ Tregs, in relation to TLSs, could be an additional metric to improve future patient stratification.
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Affiliation(s)
- MJ Melake
- Targeted Therapy Team, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - HG Smith
- Targeted Therapy Team, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- Digestive Disease Center, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - D Mansfield
- Translational Immunotherapy Team, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - E Davies
- Targeted Therapy Team, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- The Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK
| | - MT Dillon
- Targeted Therapy Team, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- The Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK
| | | | - EC Patin
- Targeted Therapy Team, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - M Pedersen
- Translational Immunotherapy Team, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - R Buus
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - AA Melcher
- Translational Immunotherapy Team, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- The Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK
| | - K Thway
- The Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK
| | - AB Miah
- The Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK
| | - SH Zaidi
- The Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK
| | - AJ Hayes
- The Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK
| | - TR Fenton
- University of Southampton, Somers Cancer Research Building MP824, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
| | - KJ Harrington
- Targeted Therapy Team, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- The Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK
| | - M McLaughlin
- Targeted Therapy Team, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
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Simpson EEA, Davison J, Doherty J, Dunwoody L, McDowell C, McLaughlin M, Butter S, Giles M. Employing the theory of planned behaviour to design an e-cigarette education resource for use in secondary schools. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:276. [PMID: 35144592 PMCID: PMC8832682 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-12674-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background An extended version of the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) was used to inform the design of a framework for an educational resource around e-cigarette use in young people. Methods A sequential exploratory design was employed. In Phase 1, elicited behavioural, normative and control beliefs, via 7 focus groups with 51 participants, aged 11–16 years, identified salient beliefs around e-cigarette use. These were used to construct a questionnaire administered to 1511 young people aged 11–16 years, which determined predictors of e-cigarette use and ever use. In Phase 2, sociodemographic variables, e-cigarette knowledge, access, use, marketing and purchasing of e-cigarettes and smoking behaviour were also gathered. The composite findings from Phase 1 and 2 informed the design of a post primary educational resource in Phase 3 around e-cigarette use. Results Current e-cigarette use was 4%, with almost 23% reporting ever use, suggesting current use is stable but experimentation may be increasing in this cohort. Sociodemographic variables, knowledge of e-cigarettes, smoking behaviour and TPB variables (direct and indirect measures of attitudes, subjective norm, and perceived behavioural control) accounted for 17% of the variance in current e-cigarette use, with higher intentions to use e-cigarettes within the next month, having the strongest impact on use (p < 0.001), followed by self-efficacy (p = 0.016). Sociodemographic and TPB variables accounted for 65% of the variance in intentions to use e-cigarettes in the next month; current e-cigarette use (p < 0.001), more positive attitudes (p < 0.001), stronger social influence (p < 0.001), higher self-efficacy (p < 0.001), higher control beliefs (p < 0.001) and greater motivation to use e-cigarettes (p < 0.001) were the main predictors of intentions. Phases 1 and 2 informed the mapping of key predictors of intentions and use of e-cigarettes onto the Theoretical Domains Framework, which identified appropriate intervention functions and behaviour change techniques. Conclusions This paper is the first to bridge the theoretical-practice gap in an area of significant public health importance through the development of a framework for a novel theory driven school-based educational resource aimed at reducing experimentation and uptake of e-cigarette use in young people. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-022-12674-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- E E A Simpson
- School of Psychology, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, UK.
| | - J Davison
- School of Psychology, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - J Doherty
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Queens University of Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - L Dunwoody
- School of Psychology, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - C McDowell
- School of Psychology, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - M McLaughlin
- School of Psychology, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - S Butter
- School of Psychology, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - M Giles
- School of Psychology, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, UK
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McLaughlin M. SP-0133 Radiation-induced remodelling of the inflammatory microenvironment by tumour cells. Radiother Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)08495-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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11
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McLaughlin M, Kapur P, Pedrosa I, Ahn C, Robles L, Garant A, Brugarolas J, Woldu S, Bagrodia A, Choy H, Gahan J, Margulis V, Timmerman R, Cadeddu J, Hannan R. A Phase II Trial of Stereotactic Ablative Radiotherapy for Patients with Primary Renal Cell Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.07.439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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12
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Dillon M, McLaughlin M, Patin E, Malin P, Ragulan C, Elisa F, Wilkins A, Melcher A, Harrington K. PD-0062: Clinical modulation of tumour immune infiltrates and plasma cytokines by ATR inhibition ± radiation. Radiother Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)00088-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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13
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Hough D, Robinson JE, Bellingham M, Fleming LM, McLaughlin M, Jama K, Haraldsen IRH, Solbakk AK, Evans NP. Peripubertal GnRH and testosterone co-treatment leads to increased familiarity preferences in male sheep. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2019; 108:70-77. [PMID: 31229635 PMCID: PMC6712355 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2019.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Chronic gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) treatment is effective for the medical suppression of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis in situations like central precocious puberty and gender dysphoria. However, its administration during the peripubertal period could influence normal brain development and function because GnRH receptors are expressed in brain regions that regulate emotions, cognition, motivation and memory. This study used an ovine model to determine whether chronic peripubertal GnRHa-treatment affected the developmental shift from preference of familiarity to novelty. Experimental groups included Controls and GnRHa-treated rams. To differentiate between effects of altered GnRH signaling and those associated with the loss of sex steroids, a group was also included that received testosterone replacement as well as GnRHa (GnRHa + T). Preference for a novel versus familiar object was assessed during 5-min social isolation at 8, 28 and 46 weeks of age. Approach behavior was measured as interactions with and time spent near the objects, whereas avoidance behavior was measured by time spent in the entrance zone and attempts to escape the arena via the entry point. Emotional reactivity was measured by the number of vocalizations, escape attempts and urinations. As Control and GnRHa-treated rams aged, their approach behaviors showed a shift from preference for familiarity (8 weeks) to novelty (46 weeks). In contrast, relative to the Controls the GnRHa + T rams exhibited more approach behaviors towards both objects, at 28 and 46 weeks of age and preferred familiarity at 46 weeks of age. Vocalisation rate was increased in GnRHa treated rams in late puberty (28 weeks) compared to both Control and GnRHa + T rams but this effect was not seen in young adulthood (46 weeks). These results suggest that the specific suppression of testosterone during a developmental window in late puberty may reduce emotional reactivity and hamper learning a flexible adjustment to environmental change. The results also suggest that disruption of either endogenous testosterone signalling or a synergistic action between GnRH and testosterone signalling, may delay maturation of cognitive processes (e.g. information processing) that affects the motivation of rams to approach and avoid objects.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Hough
- College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK
| | - JE Robinson
- College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK
| | - M Bellingham
- College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK
| | - LM Fleming
- College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK
| | - M McLaughlin
- College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK
| | - K Jama
- College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK
| | - IRH Haraldsen
- Department of Neuropsychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine, Division of Surgery and Clinical Neuroscience, Oslo University Hospital – Rikshospitalet, 0027 Oslo, Norway
| | - AK Solbakk
- Department of Neurosurgery, Division of Surgery and Clinical Neuroscience, Oslo University Hospital – Rikshospitalet, 0027 Oslo, Norway,Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Pb 1094 Blindern, 0317 Oslo, Norway,Department of Neuropsychology, Helgeland Hospital, 8607 Mosjøen, Norway
| | - NP Evans
- College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK,Corresponding author.
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McLaughlin M, Albertini DF, Wallace WHB, Anderson RA, Telfer EE. Metaphase II oocytes from human unilaminar follicles grown in a multi-step culture system. Mol Hum Reprod 2019; 24:135-142. [PMID: 29390119 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gay002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Can complete oocyte development be achieved from human ovarian tissue containing primordial/unilaminar follicles and grown in vitro in a multi-step culture to meiotic maturation demonstrated by the formation of polar bodies and a Metaphase II spindle? SUMMARY ANSWER Development of human oocytes from primordial/unilaminar stages to resumption of meiosis (Metaphase II) and emission of a polar body was achieved within a serum free multi-step culture system. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Complete development of oocytes in vitro has been achieved in mouse, where in vitro grown (IVG) oocytes from primordial follicles have resulted in the production of live offspring. Human oocytes have been grown in vitro from the secondary/multi-laminar stage to obtain fully grown oocytes capable of meiotic maturation. However, there are no reports of a culture system supporting complete growth from the earliest stages of human follicle development through to Metaphase II. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION Ovarian cortical biopsies were obtained with informed consent from women undergoing elective caesarean section (mean age: 30.7 ± 1.7; range: 25-39 years, n = 10). PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Laboratory setting. Ovarian biopsies were dissected into thin strips, and after removal of growing follicles were cultured in serum free medium for 8 days (Step 1). At the end of this period secondary/multi-laminar follicles were dissected from the strips and intact follicles 100-150 μm in diameter were selected for further culture. Isolated follicles were cultured individually in serum free medium in the presence of 100 ng/ml of human recombinant Activin A (Step 2). Individual follicles were monitored and after 8 days, cumulus oocyte complexes (COCs) were retrieved by gentle pressure on the cultured follicles. Complexes with complete cumulus and adherent mural granulosa cells were selected and cultured in the presence of Activin A and FSH on membranes for a further 4 days (Step 3). At the end of Step 3, complexes containing oocytes >100 μm diameter were selected for IVM in SAGE medium (Step 4) then fixed for analysis. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Pieces of human ovarian cortex cultured in serum free medium for 8 days (Step 1) supported early follicle growth and 87 secondary follicles of diameter 120 ± 6 μm (mean ± SEM) could be dissected for further culture. After a further 8 days, 54 of the 87 follicles had reached the antral stage of development. COCs were retrieved by gentle pressure from the cultured follicles and those with adherent mural granulosa cells (n = 48) were selected and cultured for a further 4 days (Step 3). At the end of Step 3, 32 complexes contained oocytes >100 μm diameter were selected for IVM (Step 4). Nine of these complexes contained polar bodies within 24 h and all polar bodies were abnormally large. Confocal immuno-histochemical analysis showed the presence of a Metaphase II spindle confirming that these IVG oocytes had resumed meiosis but their developmental potential is unknown. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION This is a small number of samples but provides proof of concept that complete development of human oocytes can occur in vitro. Further optimization with morphological evaluation and fertilization potential of IVG oocytes is required to determine whether they are normal. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS The ability to develop human oocytes from the earliest follicular stages in vitro through to maturation and fertilization would benefit fertility preservation practice. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) Funded by MRC Grants (G0901839 and MR/L00299X/1). No competing interests.
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Affiliation(s)
- M McLaughlin
- Institute of Cell Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, UK
| | - D F Albertini
- Center for Human Reproduction, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - W H B Wallace
- Department of Haematology/Oncology, Royal Hospital for Sick Children, Edinburgh EH9 1LF, UK
| | - R A Anderson
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - E E Telfer
- Institute of Cell Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, UK
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Wadley V, Crowe M, McLaughlin M, Steward K, Bull T, Geldmacher D, Marson D, Kennedy R. USEFUL FIELD OF VIEW SCORE PREDICTS PERFORMANCE OF INSTRUMENTAL ACTIVITIES AND FINANCIAL CAPACITY IN MCI. Innov Aging 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igy023.2582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- V Wadley
- Division of Gerontology, Geriatrics & Palliative Care, University of Alabama at Birmingham
| | - M Crowe
- University of Alabama at Birmingham
| | - M McLaughlin
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham
| | | | - T Bull
- University of Alabama at Birmingham
| | - D Geldmacher
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham
| | - D Marson
- University of Alabama at Birmingham
| | - R Kennedy
- Division of Gerontology, Geriatrics & Palliative Care, University of Alabama at Birmingham
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16
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Dillon M, Bergerhoff K, Pedersen M, Whittock H, Patin E, Smith H, Paget J, Patel R, Bozhanova G, Foo S, Campbell J, Ragulan C, Fontana E, Wilkins A, Sadanandam A, Melcher A, McLaughlin M, Harrington K. ATR inhibition with radiation creates an inflammatory tumour microenvironment. Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy303.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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17
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Wyse CA, Zhang X, McLaughlin M, Biello SM, Hough D, Bellingham M, Curtis AM, Robinson JE, Evans NP. Circadian rhythms of melatonin and behaviour in juvenile sheep in field conditions: Effects of photoperiod, environment and weaning. Physiol Behav 2018; 194:362-370. [PMID: 29894760 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2018.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Revised: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Entrainment of circadian rhythms (CR) to the light dark cycle has been well described under controlled, experimental conditions. However, studies in rodents have reported that rhythms in the laboratory are not always reproduced under field conditions. The aim of this study was to characterise the CR of sheep maintained under conditions of standard UK farm animal husbandry and to investigate the effects of environmental challenges presented by season, weaning and changes in housing on CR. Male sheep (n = 9) were kept at pasture, or group housed in barns, under natural photoperiod for one year. CR in locomotor activity were monitored using accelerometry, and 24 h patterns in plasma cortisol and melatonin were measured every 4 h by ELISA. CR was measured before and after weaning, in summer and winter, and at pasture and by barn housing. Cosinor analysis revealed high amplitude, diurnal rhythms in locomotor activity that were disrupted by weaning and by barn housing. Rhythms in winter showed an interrupted night time activity pattern, but only when the sheep were kept at pasture. Cortisol and melatonin secretion followed typical circadian patterns in winter and summer. The CR of the sheep under the field conditions of this study were strikingly robust under basal conditions, but easily disrupted by environmental challenges. Interrupted patterns of activity during the long nights of wintertime, not previously reported for sheep kept in experimental conditions were recorded. Based on these findings, we propose that animals require exposure to more complex environments than the laboratory in order to exhibit their true circadian phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A Wyse
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1QH, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics, Royal College of Surgeons in, Ireland, 123, St Stephens Green, Dublin.
| | - X Zhang
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1QH, United Kingdom
| | - M McLaughlin
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, G61 1QH, United Kingdom
| | - S M Biello
- School of Psychology, 58 Hillhead Street, Glasgow G12 8QB, United Kingdom
| | - D Hough
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1QH, United Kingdom
| | - M Bellingham
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1QH, United Kingdom
| | - A M Curtis
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics, Royal College of Surgeons in, Ireland, 123, St Stephens Green, Dublin
| | - J E Robinson
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1QH, United Kingdom
| | - N P Evans
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1QH, United Kingdom
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Smith H, Paget J, Roulstone V, Mansfield D, Kyula-Currie J, McLaughlin M, Melcher A, Harrington K, Hayes A. PO-360 Vaccinia virus delivered by isolated limb perfusion combines with PD-1 blockade to prevent local and distant relapse in soft-tissue sarcoma. ESMO Open 2018. [DOI: 10.1136/esmoopen-2018-eacr25.872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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McLaughlin M, Roulstone V, Kyula J, Smith H, Bergerhoff K, Pedersen M, Melcher A, Harrington K. PO-031 Sensitising P53 mutant HNSCC to oncolytic reovirus (RT3D) by targeting the unfolded protein response. ESMO Open 2018. [DOI: 10.1136/esmoopen-2018-eacr25.566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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20
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Johnson J, McLaughlin M, Anderson R, Telfer E. Ovarian cortex tissue donation during routine obstetrical and gynecologic procedures. Fertil Steril 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2017.07.558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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21
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Hough D, Bellingham M, Haraldsen I, McLaughlin M, Rennie M, Robinson J, Solbakk A, Evans N. Spatial memory is impaired by peripubertal GnRH agonist treatment and testosterone replacement in sheep. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2017; 75:173-182. [PMID: 27837697 PMCID: PMC5140006 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2016.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Revised: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Chronic gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) is used therapeutically to block activity within the reproductive axis through down-regulation of GnRH receptors within the pituitary gland. GnRH receptors are also expressed in non-reproductive tissues, including areas of the brain such as the hippocampus and amygdala. The impact of long-term GnRHa-treatment on hippocampus-dependent cognitive functions, such as spatial orientation, learning and memory, is not well studied, particularly when treatment encompasses a critical window of development such as puberty. The current study used an ovine model to assess spatial maze performance and memory of rams that were untreated (Controls), had both GnRH and testosterone signaling blocked (GnRHa-treated), or specifically had GnRH signaling blocked (GnRHa-treated with testosterone replacement) during the peripubertal period (8, 27 and 41 weeks of age). The results demonstrate that emotional reactivity during spatial tasks was compromised by the blockade of gonadal steroid signaling, as seen by the restorative effects of testosterone replacement, while traverse times remained unchanged during assessment of spatial orientation and learning. The blockade of GnRH signaling alone was associated with impaired retention of long-term spatial memory and this effect was not restored with the replacement of testosterone signaling. These results indicate that GnRH signaling is involved in the retention and recollection of spatial information, potentially via alterations to spatial reference memory, and that therapeutic medical treatments using chronic GnRHa may have effects on this aspect of cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Hough
- Institute of Biodiversity Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
| | - M. Bellingham
- Institute of Biodiversity Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
| | - I.R.H. Haraldsen
- Department of Medical Neurobiology, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Oslo University Hospital — Rikshospitalet, 0027, Oslo, Norway
| | - M. McLaughlin
- Division of Veterinary Bioscience and Education, School of Veterinary Medicine, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
| | - M. Rennie
- Institute of Biodiversity Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
| | - J.E. Robinson
- Institute of Biodiversity Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
| | - A.K. Solbakk
- Department of Medical Neurobiology, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Oslo University Hospital — Rikshospitalet, 0027, Oslo, Norway,Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Pb 1094 Blindern, 0317 Oslo, Norway,Department of Neuropsychology, Helgeland Hospital, Mosjøen, Norway
| | - N.P. Evans
- Institute of Biodiversity Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK,Corresponding author.
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McLaughlin M, Kelsey TW, Wallace WHB, Anderson RA, Telfer EE. Non-growing follicle density is increased following adriamycin, bleomycin, vinblastine and dacarbazine (ABVD) chemotherapy in the adult human ovary. Hum Reprod 2016; 32:165-174. [PMID: 27923859 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dew260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Revised: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Do the chemotherapeutic regimens of ABVD (adriamycin, bleomycin, vinblastine and dacarbazine) or OEPA-COPDAC (combined vincristine, etoposide, prednisone, doxorubicin (OEPA) and cyclophosphamide, vincristine, prednisone, dacarbazine (COPDAC)) used to treat Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), affect the density, morphology and in vitro developmental potential of human ovarian follicles? SUMMARY ANSWER Ovarian tissue from women treated with ABVD contained a higher density of non-growing follicles (NGFs) per cubic millimetre and increased numbers of multiovular follicles but showed reduced in vitro growth compared with patients with lymphoma who had not received chemotherapy, patients treated with OEPA-COPDAC, age-matched healthy women and age-related model-predicted values. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Chemotherapy regimens can cause a loss of follicles within the ovary, which depends on the drugs given. Early stage HL is commonly treated by ABVD, a non-alkylating regimen that apparently has ovarian sparing qualities; thus it is important to investigate the histological appearance and distribution of follicles within ABVD-treated ovarian tissue. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION Thirteen ovarian biopsies were obtained from HL patients (six adolescents and seven adults) and one biopsy from a non-HL patient. Two HL patients and the non-HL patient had received no treatment prior to biopsy collection. The remaining 11 HL patients received one of two regimens: ABVD or OEPA-COPDAC. Tissue was analysed histologically and compared to biopsies from healthy women, and in a subgroup of patients, tissue was cultured for 6 days in vitro. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Ovarian biopsies were obtained from patients undergoing ovarian cryopreservation for fertility preservation and from healthy women at the time of Caesarian section ('obstetric tissue'). Follicle number and maturity were evaluated in sections of ovarian cortical tissue, and compared to an age-related model of mean follicle density and to age-matched contemporaneous biopsies. The developmental potential of follicles was investigated after 6 days of tissue culture. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE A total of 6877 follicles were analysed. ABVD-treated tissue contained a higher density of NGFs per cubic millimetre (230 ± 17) (mean ± SEM) than untreated (110 ± 54), OEPA-COPDAC-treated (50 ± 27) and obstetric (20 ± 4) tissue (P < 0.01), with follicle density 9-21 SD higher than predicted by an age-related model. Biovular and binucleated NGFs occurred frequently in ABVD-treated and in adolescent-untreated tissue but were not observed in OEPA-COPDAC-treated or obstetric tissue, although OEPA-COPDAC-treated tissue contained a high proportion of morphologically abnormal oocytes (52% versus 23% in untreated, 22% in ABVD-treated and 25% in obstetric tissue; P < 0.001). Activation of follicle growth in vitro occurred in all groups, but in ABVD-treated samples there was very limited development to the secondary stage, whereas in untreated samples from lymphoma patients growth was similar to that observed in obstetric tissue (untreated; P < 0.01 versus ABVD-treated, NS versus obstetric). LARGE SCALE DATA N/A LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION: Although a large number of follicles were analysed, these data were derived from a small number of biopsies. The mechanisms underpinning these observations have yet to be determined and it is unclear how they relate to future fertility. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS This study confirms that the number of NGFs is not depleted following ABVD treatment, consistent with clinical data that female fertility is preserved. Our findings demonstrate that immature follicle density can increase as well as decrease following at least one chemotherapy treatment. This is the first report of morphological and follicle developmental similarities between ABVD-treated tissue and the immature human ovary. Further experiments will investigate the basis for the marked increase in follicle density in ABVD-treated tissue. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTERESTS Funded by UK Medical Research Council Grants G0901839 and MR/L00299X/1. The authors have no competing interests.
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Affiliation(s)
- M McLaughlin
- Centre for Integrative Physiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, UK.,Institute of Cell Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3BF, UK
| | - T W Kelsey
- School of Computer Science, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews KY16 9SX, UK
| | - W H B Wallace
- Department of Haematology/Oncology, Royal Hospital for Sick Children, Edinburgh EH9 1LF, UK
| | - R A Anderson
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - E E Telfer
- Centre for Integrative Physiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, UK .,Institute of Cell Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3BF, UK
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Mansfield DC, Kyula JN, Rosenfelder N, Chao-Chu J, Kramer-Marek G, Khan AA, Roulstone V, McLaughlin M, Melcher AA, Vile RG, Pandha HS, Khoo V, Harrington KJ. Oncolytic vaccinia virus as a vector for therapeutic sodium iodide symporter gene therapy in prostate cancer. Gene Ther 2016; 23:357-68. [PMID: 26814609 PMCID: PMC4827015 DOI: 10.1038/gt.2016.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Revised: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Oncolytic strains of vaccinia virus are currently in clinical development with clear evidence of safety and promising signs of efficacy. Addition of therapeutic genes to the viral genome may increase the therapeutic efficacy of vaccinia. We evaluated the therapeutic potential of vaccinia virus expressing the sodium iodide symporter (NIS) in prostate cancer models, combining oncolysis, external beam radiotherapy and NIS-mediated radioiodide therapy. The NIS-expressing vaccinia virus (VV-NIS), GLV-1h153, was tested in in vitro analyzes of viral cell killing, combination with radiotherapy, NIS expression, cellular radioiodide uptake and apoptotic cell death in PC3, DU145, LNCaP and WPMY-1 human prostate cell lines. In vivo experiments were carried out in PC3 xenografts in CD1 nude mice to assess NIS expression and tumor radioiodide uptake. In addition, the therapeutic benefit of radioiodide treatment in combination with viral oncolysis and external beam radiotherapy was measured. In vitro viral cell killing of prostate cancers was dose- and time-dependent and was through apoptotic mechanisms. Importantly, combined virus therapy and iodizing radiation did not adversely affect oncolysis. NIS gene expression in infected cells was functional and mediated uptake of radioiodide both in vitro and in vivo. Therapy experiments with both xenograft and immunocompetent Transgenic Adenocarcinoma of the Mouse Prostate (TRAMP) mouse models showed that the addition of radioiodide to VV-NIS-infected tumors was more effective than each single-agent therapy, restricting tumor growth and increasing survival. In conclusion, VV-NIS is effective in prostate cancer models. This treatment modality would be an attractive complement to existing clinical radiotherapy practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- D C Mansfield
- Divisions of Cancer Biology and Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, Chester Beatty Labs, London, UK
| | - J N Kyula
- Divisions of Cancer Biology and Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, Chester Beatty Labs, London, UK
| | - N Rosenfelder
- Divisions of Cancer Biology and Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, Chester Beatty Labs, London, UK
| | - J Chao-Chu
- Divisions of Cancer Biology and Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, Chester Beatty Labs, London, UK
| | - G Kramer-Marek
- Divisions of Cancer Biology and Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, Chester Beatty Labs, London, UK
| | - A A Khan
- Divisions of Cancer Biology and Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, Chester Beatty Labs, London, UK
| | - V Roulstone
- Divisions of Cancer Biology and Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, Chester Beatty Labs, London, UK
| | - M McLaughlin
- Divisions of Cancer Biology and Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, Chester Beatty Labs, London, UK
| | - A A Melcher
- Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, University of Leeds, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - R G Vile
- Molecular Medicine Program, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - H S Pandha
- Postgraduate Medical School, The University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - V Khoo
- Divisions of Cancer Biology and Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, Chester Beatty Labs, London, UK
- The Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK
- University of Melbourne and Monash University, Victoria, Australia
| | - K J Harrington
- Divisions of Cancer Biology and Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, Chester Beatty Labs, London, UK
- The Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK
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Braceland M, McLoughlin MF, Tinsley J, Wallace C, Cockerill D, McLaughlin M, Eckersall PD. Serum enolase: a non-destructive biomarker of white skeletal myopathy during pancreas disease (PD) in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L. J Fish Dis 2015; 38:821-831. [PMID: 25168106 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2014] [Revised: 07/04/2014] [Accepted: 07/05/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Diseases which cause skeletal muscle myopathy are some of the most economically damaging diseases in Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., aquaculture. Despite this, there are limited means of assessing fish health non-destructively. Previous investigation of the serum proteome of Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., during pancreas disease (PD) has identified proteins in serum that have potential as biomarkers of the disease. Amongst these proteins, the enzyme enolase was selected as the most viable for use as a biomarker of muscle myopathy associated with PD. Western blot and immunoassay (ELISA) validated enolase as a biomarker for PD, whilst immunohistochemistry identified white muscle as the source of enolase. Enolase was shown to be a specific marker for white muscle myopathy in salmon, rising in serum concentration significantly correlating with pathological damage to the tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Braceland
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | | | | | - C Wallace
- VESO Vikan, Aquamedical Contract Research, Vikan, Namsos, Norway
| | - D Cockerill
- Marine Harvest Scotland, Farms Office Blar Mhor Industrial Estate, Fort William, UK
| | - M McLaughlin
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - P D Eckersall
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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McLaughlin M, Kelsey TW, Wallace WHB, Anderson RA, Telfer EE. An externally validated age-related model of mean follicle density in the cortex of the human ovary. J Assist Reprod Genet 2015; 32:1089-95. [PMID: 26043911 PMCID: PMC4531872 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-015-0501-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Accepted: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The ability to accurately estimate a woman’s ovarian reserve by non-invasive means is the goal of ovarian reserve prediction. It is not known whether a correlation exists between model-predicted estimates of ovarian reserve and data generated by direct histological analysis of ovarian tissue. The aim of this study was to compare mean non-growing follicle density values obtained from analysis of ovarian cortical tissue samples against ovarian volume models. Methods Non-growing follicle density values were obtained from 13 ovarian cortical biopsies (16-37 years). A mean non-growing follicle density was calculated for each patient by counting all follicles in a given volume of biopsied ovarian cortex. These values were compared to age-matched model generated densities (adjusted to take into consideration the proportion of ovary that is cortex) and the correlation between data sets tested. Results Non-growing density values obtained from fresh biopsied ovarian cortical samples closely matched model generated data with low mean difference, tight agreement limits and no proportional error between the observed and predicted results. Conclusion These findings validate the use of the adjusted population and ovarian volume models, to accurately predict mean follicle density in the ovarian cortex of healthy adult women.
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Affiliation(s)
- M McLaughlin
- Institute of Cell Biology and Centre for Integrative Physiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9XD, UK
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27
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Almeida AM, Bassols A, Bendixen E, Bhide M, Ceciliani F, Cristobal S, Eckersall PD, Hollung K, Lisacek F, Mazzucchelli G, McLaughlin M, Miller I, Nally JE, Plowman J, Renaut J, Rodrigues P, Roncada P, Staric J, Turk R. Animal board invited review: advances in proteomics for animal and food sciences. Animal 2015; 9:1-17. [PMID: 25359324 PMCID: PMC4301196 DOI: 10.1017/s1751731114002602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2014] [Accepted: 09/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Animal production and health (APH) is an important sector in the world economy, representing a large proportion of the budget of all member states in the European Union and in other continents. APH is a highly competitive sector with a strong emphasis on innovation and, albeit with country to country variations, on scientific research. Proteomics (the study of all proteins present in a given tissue or fluid - i.e. the proteome) has an enormous potential when applied to APH. Nevertheless, for a variety of reasons and in contrast to disciplines such as plant sciences or human biomedicine, such potential is only now being tapped. To counter such limited usage, 6 years ago we created a consortium dedicated to the applications of Proteomics to APH, specifically in the form of a Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) Action, termed FA1002--Proteomics in Farm Animals: www.cost-faproteomics.org. In 4 years, the consortium quickly enlarged to a total of 31 countries in Europe, as well as Israel, Argentina, Australia and New Zealand. This article has a triple purpose. First, we aim to provide clear examples on the applications and benefits of the use of proteomics in all aspects related to APH. Second, we provide insights and possibilities on the new trends and objectives for APH proteomics applications and technologies for the years to come. Finally, we provide an overview and balance of the major activities and accomplishments of the COST Action on Farm Animal Proteomics. These include activities such as the organization of seminars, workshops and major scientific conferences, organization of summer schools, financing Short-Term Scientific Missions (STSMs) and the generation of scientific literature. Overall, the Action has attained all of the proposed objectives and has made considerable difference by putting proteomics on the global map for animal and veterinary researchers in general and by contributing significantly to reduce the East-West and North-South gaps existing in the European farm animal research. Future activities of significance in the field of scientific research, involving members of the action, as well as others, will likely be established in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. M. Almeida
- Instituto de Investigação Científica Tropical, CVZ – Centro de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Av. Univ. Técnica, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal
- CIISA – Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação em Sanidade Animal, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal
- ITQB – Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica da UNL, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
- IBET – Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - A. Bassols
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona,08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - E. Bendixen
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - M. Bhide
- Laboratory of Biomedical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenskeho-73 Kosice, Slovakia
| | - F. Ceciliani
- Department of Veterinary Science and Public Health, Università di Milano, Via Celoria 10, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - S. Cristobal
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Cell Biology, Faculty of Health Science, Linköping University, SE-581 85 Linköping, Sweden
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Basque Country,48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - P. D. Eckersall
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK
| | - K. Hollung
- Nofima AS, PO Box 210, NO-1431 Aas, Norway
| | - F. Lisacek
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, CMU – Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - G. Mazzucchelli
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, GIGA-Research, Department of Chemistry, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - M. McLaughlin
- Division of Veterinary Bioscience, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK
| | - I. Miller
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinaerplatz 1, A-1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - J. E. Nally
- National Animal Disease Center, Bacterial Diseases of Livestock Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Ames, IA 50010, USA
| | - J. Plowman
- Food & Bio-Based Products, AgResearch, Lincoln Research Centre, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand
| | - J. Renaut
- Department of Environment and Agrobiotechnologies, Centre de Recherche Public – Gabriel Lippmann, 41 rue du Brill, L-4422 Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - P. Rodrigues
- CCMAR – Centre of Marine Sciences of Algarve, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - P. Roncada
- Department of Veterinary Science and Public Health, Istituto Sperimentale Italiano L. Spallanzani Milano, University of Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - J. Staric
- Clinic for Ruminants with Ambulatory Clinic, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Gerbičeva 60, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - R. Turk
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Heinzelova 55, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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Anderson RA, McLaughlin M, Wallace WHB, Albertini DF, Telfer EE. The immature human ovary shows loss of abnormal follicles and increasing follicle developmental competence through childhood and adolescence. Hum Reprod 2013; 29:97-106. [PMID: 24135076 PMCID: PMC3860895 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/det388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Do the ovarian follicles of children and adolescents differ in their morphology and in vitro growth potential from those of adults? SUMMARY ANSWER Pre-pubertal ovaries contained a high proportion of morphologically abnormal non-growing follicles, and follicles showed reduced capacity for in vitro growth. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY The pre-pubertal ovary is known to contain follicles at the early growing stages. How this changes over childhood and through puberty is unknown, and there are no previous data on the in vitro growth potential of follicles from pre-pubertal and pubertal girls. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION Ovarian biopsies from five pre-pubertal and seven pubertal girls and 19 adult women were analysed histologically, cultured in vitro for 6 days, with growing follicles then isolated and cultured for a further 6 days. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Ovarian biopsies were obtained from girls undergoing ovarian tissue cryopreservation for fertility preservation, and compared with biopsies from adult women. Follicle stage and morphology were classified. After 6 days in culture, follicle growth initiation was assessed. The growth of isolated secondary follicles was assessed over a further 6 days, including analysis of oocyte growth. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Pre-pubertal ovaries contained a high proportion of abnormal non-growing follicles (19.4 versus 4.85% in pubertal ovaries; 4004 follicles analysed; P = 0.02) characterized by indistinct germinal vesicle membrane and absent nucleolus. Follicles with this abnormal morphology were not seen in the adult ovary. During 6 days culture, follicle growth initiation was observed at all ages; in pre-pubertal samples there was very little development to secondary stages, while pubertal samples showed similar growth activation to that seen in adult tissue (pubertal group: P = 0.02 versus pre-pubertal, ns versus adult). Isolated secondary follicles were cultured for a further 6 days. Those from pre-pubertal ovary showed limited growth (P < 0.05 versus both pubertal and adult follicles) and no change in oocyte diameter over that period. Follicles from pubertal ovaries showed increased growth; this was still reduced compared with follicles from adult women (P < 0.05) but oocyte growth was proportionate to follicle size. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION These data derive from only a small number of ovarian biopsies, although large numbers of follicles were analysed. It is unclear whether the differences between groups are related to puberty, or just age. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS These findings show that follicles from girls of all ages can be induced to grow in vitro, which has important implications for some patients who are at high risk of malignant contamination of their ovarian tissue. The reduced growth of isolated follicles indicates that there are true intrafollicular differences in addition to potential differences in their local environment, and that there are maturational processes occurring in the ovary through childhood and adolescence, which involve the loss of abnormal follicles, and increasing follicle developmental competence. Study funding/competing interest(s) Funded by MRC grants G0901839 and G1100357. No competing interests.
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Affiliation(s)
- R A Anderson
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, Queens Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
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Anderson RA, McLaughlin M, Woods DC, Tilly JL, Telfer EE, Virant-Klun I, Stimpfel M, Cvjeticanin B, Vrtacnik-Bokal E, Skutella T, Beyazyurek C, Ekmekci CG, Gulum N, Tac HA, Kahraman S, Cheng J, Su J, Ding LJ, Yan GJ, Hu YL, Hendriks S, Dancet EAF, Meissner A, van der Veen F, Mochtar MH, Repping S, Oktem O, Muftuoglu M, Senbabaoglu F, Urman B. Session 32: Stem cells and translational research. Hum Reprod 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/det165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Mansfield D, Pencavel T, Kyula JN, Zaidi S, Roulstone V, Thway K, Karapanagiotou L, Khan AA, McLaughlin M, Touchefeu Y, Seth R, Melcher AA, Vile RG, Pandha HS, Harrington KJ. Oncolytic Vaccinia virus and radiotherapy in head and neck cancer. Oral Oncol 2012; 49:108-18. [PMID: 22925693 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2012.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2012] [Revised: 07/24/2012] [Accepted: 07/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Oncolytic forms of attenuated Vaccinia virus are now in clinical development, assessing the compatibility of this novel treatment with radiotherapy may reveal exploitable synergistic relationships. MATERIALS AND METHODS In vitro analyses of cell killing, cell cycle effects and caspase activation were carried out on HN3, HN5, CAL27, Detroit, SIHN5B, and PJ41 cells. In vivo studies of the virus and X-radiation were performed on H&N xenografts in CD1 nude mice. RESULTS Cell killing in vitro was demonstrated to be dose- and time-dependent. Infection causes an increase in S-phase and sub-G1 cells. A dose dependent increase in active caspase-3 indicated induction of apoptosis. Xenografts injected with Vaccinia stabilised and frequently completely regressed. Combination with radiation generated additional cell death, induction of caspase activity and in vivo further improved long term regression rates. CONCLUSIONS These data support continued exploration of this therapy combination and indicates potential for clinical trials in head and neck cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Mansfield
- The Institute of Cancer Research, Divisions of Cancer Biology and Radiotherapy and Imaging, Targeted Therapy Team, London, UK.
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Roulstone V, Twigger K, Zaidi S, Pencavel T, Kyula JN, White C, McLaughlin M, Seth R, Karapanagiotou EM, Mansfield D, Coffey M, Nuovo G, Vile RG, Pandha HS, Melcher AA, Harrington KJ. Synergistic cytotoxicity of oncolytic reovirus in combination with cisplatin-paclitaxel doublet chemotherapy. Gene Ther 2012; 20:521-8. [PMID: 22895509 DOI: 10.1038/gt.2012.68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Oncolytic reovirus is currently under active investigation in a range of tumour types. Early phase studies have shown that this agent has modest monotherapy efficacy and its future development is likely to focus on combination regimens with cytotoxic chemotherapy. Indeed, phase I/II clinical trials have confirmed that reovirus can be safely combined with cytotoxic drugs, including a platin-taxane doublet regimen, which is currently being tested in a phase III clinical trial in patients with relapsed/metastatic head and neck cancer. Therefore, we have tested this triple (reovirus, cisplatin, paclitaxel) combination therapy in a panel of four head and neck cancer cell lines. Using the combination index (CI) method, the triple therapy demonstrated synergistic cytotoxicity in vitro in both malignant and non-malignant cell lines. In head and neck cancer cell lines, this was associated with enhanced caspase 3 and 7 cleavage, but no increase in viral replication. In vitro analyses confirmed colocalisation of markers of reovirus infection and caspase 3. Triple therapy was significantly more effective than reovirus or cisplatin-paclitaxel in athymic nude mice. These data suggest that the combination of reovirus plus platin-taxane doublet chemotherapy has significant activity in head and neck cancer and underpin the current phase III study in this indication.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Roulstone
- Targeted Therapy Laboratory, Section of Cell and Molecular Biology, Chester Beatty Laboratories, The Institute of Cancer Research, Division of Cell Biology, London, UK
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Meirow D, Raanani H, Brengauz M, Dor J, Tsafrir A, Goldberg D, Eldar-Geva T, Gal M, Ben-Chetrit A, Weintroub A, Varshaver I, Dekel N, Kopeika J, Abdel-Reda H, Khalil M, Khalaf Y, Reddy N, Anderson RA, McLaughlin M, Wallace WHB, Telfer EE, Fujimoto A, Ichinose M, Osuga Y, Oishi H, Hirata T, Harada M, Hasegawa A, Morishima K, Sakurabashi A, Kawana K, Yano T, Kozuma S, Taketani Y, Kim SS, Herraiz S, Novella-Maestre E, Pellicer A. SESSION 73: FEMALE FERTILITY PRESERVATION. Hum Reprod 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/27.s2.71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Backhouse MR, Vinall KA, Redmond A, Helliwell P, Keenan AM, Dale RM, Thomas A, Aronson D, Turner-Cobb J, Sengupta R, France B, Hill I, Flurey CA, Morris M, Pollock J, Hughes R, Richards P, Hewlett S, Ryan S, Lille K, Adams J, Haq I, McArthur M, Goodacre L, Birt L, Wilson O, Kirwan J, Dures E, Quest E, Hewlett S, Rajak R, Thomas T, Lawson T, Petford S, Hale E, Kitas GD, Ryan S, Gooberman-Hill R, Jinks C, Dziedzic K, Boucas SB, Hislop K, Rhodes C, Adams J, Ali F, Jinks C, Ong BN, Backhouse MR, White D, Hensor E, Keenan AM, Helliwell P, Redmond A, Ferguson AM, Douiri A, Scott DL, Lempp H, Halls S, Law RJ, Jones J, Markland D, Maddison P, Thom J, Law RJ, Thom JM, Maddison P, Breslin A, Kraus A, Gordhan C, Dennis S, Connor J, Chowdhary B, Lottay N, Juneja P, Bacon PA, Isaacs D, Jack J, Keller M, Tibble J, Haq I, Hammond A, Gill R, Tyson S, Tennant A, Nordenskiold U, Pease EE, Pease CT, Trehane A, Rahmeh F, Cornell P, Westlake SL, Rose K, Alber CF, Watson L, Stratton R, Lazarus M, McNeilly NE, Waterfield J, Hurley M, Greenwood J, Clayton AM, Lynch M, Clewes A, Dawson J, Abernethy V, Griffiths AE, Chamberlain VA, McLoughlin Y, Campbell S, Hayes J, Moffat C, McKenna F, Shah P, Rajak R, Williams A, Rhys-Dillon C, Goodfellow R, Martin JC, Rajak R, Bari F, Hughes G, Thomas E, Baker S, Collins D, Price E, Williamson L, Dunkley L, Youll MJ, Rodziewicz M, Reynolds JA, Berry J, Pavey C, Hyrich K, Gorodkin R, Wilkinson K, Bruce I, Barton A, Silman A, Ho P, Cornell T, Westlake SL, Richards S, Holmes A, Parker S, Smith H, Briggs N, Arthanari S, Nisar M, Thwaites C, Ryan S, Kamath S, Price S, Robinson SM, Walker D, Coop H, Al-Allaf W, Baker S, Williamson L, Price E, Collins D, Charleton RC, Griffiths B, Edwards EA, Partlett R, Martin K, Tarzi M, Panthakalam S, Freeman T, Ainley L, Turner M, Hughes L, Russell B, Jenkins S, Done J, Young A, Jones T, Gaywood IC, Pande I, Pradere MJ, Bhaduri M, Smith A, Cook H, Abraham S, Ngcozana T, Denton CP, Parker L, Black CM, Ong V, Thompson N, White C, Duddy M, Jobanputra P, Bacon P, Smith J, Richardson A, Giancola G, Soh V, Spencer S, Greenhalgh A, Hanson M, De Lord D, Lloyd M, Wong H, Wren D, Grover B, Hall J, Neville C, Alton P, Kelly S, Bombardieri M, Humby F, Ng N, Di Cicco M, Hands R, Epis O, Filer A, Buckley C, McInnes I, Taylor P, Pitzalis C, Freeston J, Conaghan P, Grainger A, O'Connor PJ, Evans R, Emery P, Hodgson R, Emery P, Fleischmann R, Han C, van der Heijde D, Conaghan P, Xu W, Hsia E, Kavanaugh A, Gladman D, Chattopadhyay C, Beutler A, Han C, Zayat AS, Conaghan P, Freeston J, Hensor E, Ellegard K, Terslev L, Emery P, Wakefield RJ, Ciurtin C, Leandro M, Dey D, Nandagudi A, Giles I, Shipley M, Morris V, Ioannou J, Ehrenstein M, Sen D, Chan M, Quinlan TM, Brophy R, Mewar D, Patel D, Wilby MJ, Pellegrini V, Eyes B, Crooks D, Anderson M, Ball E, McKeeman H, Burns J, Yau WH, Moore O, Foo J, Benson C, Patterson C, Wright G, Taggart A, Drew S, Tanner L, Sanyal K, Bourke BE, Lloyd M, Alston C, Baqai C, Chard M, Sandhu V, Neville C, Jordan K, Munns C, Zouita L, Shattles W, Davies U, Makadsi R, Griffith S, Kiely PD, Ciurtin C, Dimofte I, Dabu M, Dabu B, Dobarro D, Schreiber BE, Warrell C, Handler C, Coghlan G, Denton C, Ishorari J, Bunn C, Beynon H, Denton CP, Stratton R, George Malal JJ, Boton-Maggs B, Leung A, Farewell D, Choy E, Gullick NJ, Young A, Choy EH, Scott DL, Wincup C, Fisher B, Charles P, Taylor P, Gullick NJ, Pollard LC, Kirkham BW, Scott DL, Ma MH, Ramanujan S, Cavet G, Haney D, Kingsley GH, Scott D, Cope A, Singh A, Wilson J, Isaacs A, Wing C, McLaughlin M, Penn H, Genovese MC, Sebba A, Rubbert-Roth A, Scali J, Zilberstein M, Thompson L, Van Vollenhoven R, De Benedetti F, Brunner H, Allen R, Brown D, Chaitow J, Pardeo M, Espada G, Flato B, Horneff G, Devlin C, Kenwright A, Schneider R, Woo P, Martini A, Lovell D, Ruperto N, John H, Hale ED, Treharne GJ, Kitas GD, Carroll D, Mercer L, Low A, Galloway J, Watson K, Lunt M, Symmons D, Hyrich K, Low A, Mercer L, Galloway J, Davies R, Watson K, Lunt M, Dixon W, Hyrich K, Symmons D, Balarajah S, Sandhu A, Ariyo M, Rankin E, Sandoo A, van Zanten JJV, Toms TE, Carroll D, Kitas GD, Sandoo A, Smith JP, Kitas GD, Malik S, Toberty E, Thalayasingam N, Hamilton J, Kelly C, Puntis D, Malik S, Hamilton J, Saravanan V, Rynne M, Heycock C, Kelly C, Rajak R, Goodfellow R, Rhys-Dillon C, Winter R, Wardle P, Martin JC, Toms T, Sandoo A, Smith J, Cadman S, Nightingale P, Kitas G, Alhusain AZ, Verstappen SM, Mirjafari H, Lunt M, Charlton-Menys V, Bunn D, Symmons D, Durrington P, Bruce I, Cooney JK, Thom JM, Moore JP, Lemmey A, Jones JG, Maddison PJ, Ahmad YA, Ahmed TJ, Leone F, Kiely PD, Browne HK, Rhys-Dillon C, Wig S, Chevance A, Moore T, Manning J, Vail A, Herrick AL, Derrett-Smith E, Hoyles R, Moinzadeh P, Chighizola C, Khan K, Ong V, Abraham D, Denton CP, Schreiber BE, Dobarro D, Warrell CE, Handler C, Denton CP, Coghlan G, Sykes R, Muir L, Ennis H, Herrick AL, Shiwen X, Thompson K, Khan K, Liu S, Denton CP, Leask A, Abraham DJ, Strickland G, Pauling J, Betteridge Z, Dunphy J, Owen P, McHugh N, Abignano G, Cuomo G, Buch MH, Rosenberg WM, Valentini G, Emery P, Del Galdo F, Jenkins J, Pauling JD, McHugh N, Khan K, Shiwen X, Abraham D, Denton CP, Ong V, Moinzadeh P, Howell K, Ong V, Nihtyanova S, Denton CP, Moinzadeh P, Fonseca C, Khan K, Abraham D, Ong V, Denton CP, Malaviya AP, Hadjinicolaou AV, Nisar MK, Ruddlesden M, Furlong A, Baker S, Hall FC, Hadjinicolaou AV, Malaviya AP, Nisar MK, Ruddlesden M, Raut-Roy D, Furlong A, Baker S, Hall FC, Peluso R, Dario Di Minno MN, Iervolino S, Costa L, Atteno M, Lofrano M, Soscia E, Castiglione F, Foglia F, Scarpa R, Wallis D, Thomas A, Hill I, France B, Sengupta R, Dougados M, Keystone E, Heckaman M, Mease P, Landewe R, Nguyen D, Heckaman M, Mease P, Winfield RA, Dyke C, Clemence M, Mackay K, Haywood KL, Packham J, Jordan KP, Davies H, Brophy S, Irvine E, Cooksey R, Dennis MS, Siebert S, Kingsley GH, Ibrahim F, Scott DL, Kavanaugh A, McInnes I, Chattopadhyay C, Krueger G, Gladman D, Beutler A, Gathany T, Mudivarthy S, Mack M, Tandon N, Han C, Mease P, McInnes I, Sieper J, Braun J, Emery P, van der Heijde D, Isaacs J, Dahmen G, Wollenhaupt J, Schulze-Koops H, Gsteiger S, Bertolino A, Hueber W, Tak PP, Cohen CJ, Karaderi T, Pointon JJ, Wordsworth BP, Cooksey R, Davies H, Dennis MS, Siebert S, Brophy S, Keidel S, Pointon JJ, Farrar C, Karaderi T, Appleton LH, Wordsworth BP, Adshead R, Tahir H, Greenwood M, Donnelly SP, Wajed J, Kirkham B. BHPR research: qualitative * 1. Complex reasoning determines patients' perception of outcome following foot surgery in rheumatoid arhtritis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kes110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Talevi R, Barbato V, Mollo V, De Stefano C, Finelli F, Ferraro R, Gualtieri R, Zhou P, Liu AH, Cao YX, Roman H, Pura I, Tarta O, Bourdel N, Marpeau L, Sabourin JC, Portmann M, Nagy ZP, Behr B, Alvaro Mercadal B, Demeestere I, Imbert R, Englert Y, Delbaere A, Lueke S, Buendgen N, Koester F, Diedrich K, Griesinger G, Kim A, Han JE, Eunmi C, Kim YS, Cho JH, Yoon TK, Piomboni P, Stendardi A, Palumberi D, Morgante G, De Leo V, Serafini F, Focarelli R, Tatone C, Di Emidio G, Carbone MC, Vento M, Ciriminna R, Artini PG, Kyono K, Ishikawa T, Usui K, Hatori M, Yasmin L, Sato E, Iwasaka M, Fujii K, Owada N, Sankai T, McLaughlin M, Fineron P, Anderson RA, Wallace WHB, Telfer EE, Labied S, Beliard A, Munaut C, Foidart JM, Turkcuoglu I, Oktay K, Rodriguez-Wallberg K, Kuwayama M, Takayama Y, Mori C, Kagawa N, Akakubo N, Takehara Y, Kato K, Leibo SP, Kato O, Yoon H, Shin Y, cha J, Kim H, Lee W, Yoon S, Lim J, Larman MG, Gardner DK, Zander-Fox D, Lane M, Hamilton H, Oktay K, Lee S, Ozkavukcu S, Heytens E, Alappat RM, Sole M, Boada M, Biadiu M, Santalo J, Coroleu B, Barri PN, Veiga A, Rossi L, Bartoletti R, Mengarelli M, Boccia Artieri G, Gemini L, Mazzoli L, Giannini L, Scaravelli G, Kagawa N, Silber SJ, Kuwayama M, Yamanguchi S, Nagumo Y, Takai Y, Ishihara S, Takehara Y, Kato O, Lee S, Heytens E, Ozkavukcu S, Alappat RM, Oktay K, Soleimani R, Heytens E, Rottiers I, Gojayev A, Oktay K, Cuvelier AC, De Sutter P, Salama M, Winkler K, Murach KF, Hofer S, Wildt L, Friess SC, Okumura N, Kuji N, Kishimi A, Nishio H, Mochimaru Y, Minegishi K, Miyakoshi K, Fujii T, Tanaka M, Aoki D, Yoshimura Y, Hasegawa K, Juanzi S, Zhao W, Zhang S, Xue X, Silber S, Zhang J, Kuwayama M, Kagawa N, Meirow D, Gosden R, Westphal JR, Gerritse R, Beerendonk CCM, Braat DDM, Peek R, Coticchio G, Dal Canto M, Brambillasca F, Mignini Renzini M, Merola M, Lain M, Fadini R, Nottola SA, Albani E, Coticchio G, Lorenzo C, Carlini T, Maione M, Scaravelli G, Borini A, Macchiarelli G, Levi-Setti PE, Rienzi L, Romano S, Capalbo A, Iussig B, Albricci L, Colamaria S, Baroni E, Sapienza F, Giuliani M, Anniballo R, Ubaldi FM, Beyer DA, Schultze-Mosgau A, Amari F, Griesinger G, Diedrich K, Al-Hasani S, Resta S, Magli MC, Ruberti A, Lappi M, Ferraretti AP, Gianaroli L, Prisant N, Belloc S, Cohen-Bacrie M, Hazout A, Olivennes F, Aubriot FX, Alvarez S, De Mouzon J, Thieulin C, Cohen-Bacrie P, Wozniak S, Szkodziak P, Wozniakowska E, Paszkowski M, Paszkowski T, Diaz D, Nagy ZP, Dragnic S, Hayward B, Bennett R, Al-Sabbagh A, Novella-Maestre E, Teruel J, Carmona L, Rosello E, Pellicer A, Sanchez-Serrano M, Lee JR, Lee JY, Kim CH, Lee Y, Lee S, Jee BC, Suh CS, Kim SH, Moon SY, Sanchez-Serrano M, Novella-Maestre E, Teruel J, Mirabet V, Crespo J, Pellicer A, Schiewe M, Nugent N, Zozula S, Anderson R, Zulategui JF, Meseguer M, Pellicer A, Remohi J, Castello D, Romero JLL, De los Santos MJ, Cobo AC, von Wolff M, Jauckus J, Kupka M, Strowitzki T, Lawrenz B, Meirow D, Raanani H, Kaufman B, Maman E, Mendel MM, Dor J, Buendgen NK, Lueke S, Diedrich K, Griesinger G, Combelles C, Wang HY, Racowsky C, Kuleshova L, Tucker M, Graham J, Richter K, Carter J, Lim J, Levy M. Posters * Fertility Preservation. Hum Reprod 2010. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/de.25.s1.372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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McLaughlin M, Bromfield JJ, Albertini DF, Telfer EE. Activin promotes follicular integrity and oogenesis in cultured pre-antral bovine follicles. Mol Hum Reprod 2010; 16:644-53. [PMID: 20203128 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gaq021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the individual and combined effect of activin and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) on somatic and germ cell development in cultured pre-antral follicles. Pre-antral bovine follicles (mean diameter 157 +/- 3, range 132-199 microm) were cultured for 8 days in serum-free medium in the presence of either 100 ng/ml of recombinant human activin A (rhAct A), 100 ng/ml rhAct A combined with a high (100 ng/ml) or low (50 ng/ml) concentration of recombinant FSH (rFSH) or 50 ng/ml rFSH alone. Intrafollicular connexin 43 expression and actin-based cell adhesion were assessed on Day 2 and 4 of culture. Steroidogenesis was evaluated after Day 4 and 8. Follicles exposed to 100 ng/ml activin maintained expression of connexin 43 at the follicular periphery. In the presence of activin, with or without 100 ng/ml or 50 ng/ml FSH, follicles were steroidogenic undergoing significant growth (P < 0.01), granulosa cell proliferation (P < 0.01) and antral cavity formation (P < 0.05) compared with cultured controls. Maximum oocyte growth occurred in the presence of 100 ng/ml activin alone with a significant percentage of these oocytes maintaining normal morphology over controls (P < 0.05). These results are consistent with a role for activin in maintaining oocyte granulosa cell interactions due to increased peripheral granulosa cell adhesion to the basement membrane and retention of adhesion at the surface of the zona pellucida. Thus, the polarized expression of cell contact interactions promoted by activin supports ongoing folliculogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M McLaughlin
- Centre for Integrative Physiology, Hugh Robson Building, University of Edinburgh, George Square, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, UK
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Lowrie M, Penderis J, Eckersall P, McLaughlin M, Mellor D, Anderson T. The role of acute phase proteins in diagnosis and management of steroid-responsive meningitis arteritis in dogs. Vet J 2009; 182:125-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2008.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2007] [Revised: 04/25/2008] [Accepted: 05/01/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Cilia M, Fish T, Yang X, McLaughlin M, Thannhauser TW, Gray S. A comparison of protein extraction methods suitable for gel-based proteomic studies of aphid proteins. J Biomol Tech 2009; 20:201-215. [PMID: 19721822 PMCID: PMC2729484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Protein extraction methods can vary widely in reproducibility and in representation of the total proteome, yet there are limited data comparing protein isolation methods. The methodical comparison of protein isolation methods is the first critical step for proteomic studies. To address this, we compared three methods for isolation, purification, and solubilization of insect proteins. The aphid Schizaphis graminum, an agricultural pest, was the source of insect tissue. Proteins were extracted using TCA in acetone (TCA-acetone), phenol, or multi-detergents in a chaotrope solution. Extracted proteins were solubilized in a multiple chaotrope solution and examined using 1-D and 2-D electrophoresis and compared directly using 2-D Difference Gel Electrophoresis (2-D DIGE). Mass spectrometry was used to identify proteins from each extraction type. We were unable to ascribe the differences in the proteins extracted to particular physical characteristics, cell location, or biological function. The TCA-acetone extraction yielded the greatest amount of protein from aphid tissues. Each extraction method isolated a unique subset of the aphid proteome. The TCA-acetone method was explored further for its quantitative reliability using 2-D DIGE. Principal component analysis showed that little of the variation in the data was a result of technical issues, thus demonstrating that the TCA-acetone extraction is a reliable method for preparing aphid proteins for a quantitative proteomics experiment. These data suggest that although the TCA-acetone method is a suitable method for quantitative aphid proteomics, a combination of extraction approaches is recommended for increasing proteome coverage when using gel-based separation techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Cilia
- USDA, ARS, Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
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Lowrie M, Penderis J, McLaughlin M, Eckersall P, Anderson T. Steroid Responsive Meningitis-Arteritis: A Prospective Study of Potential Disease Markers, Prednisolone Treatment, and Long-Term Outcome in 20 Dogs (2006-2008). J Vet Intern Med 2009; 23:862-70. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.2009.0337.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Brown S, McLaughlin M, Pope K, Haile K, Whitaker TJ, Hughes L, Israel P. Initial radiation experience evaluating early tolerance and toxicities in patients undergoing accelerated partial breast irradiation using the Contura™ multi-lumen balloon (MLB) breast brachytherapy catheter. Cancer Res 2009. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs-5138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Abstract #5138
Purpose: We reviewed our institution's experience treating patients with the Contura™ Multi-Lumen Balloon (MLB) breast brachytherapy catheter to deliver accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI) to determine short-term treatment efficacy, cosmesis, toxicity and additional dosimetric capabilities of the new APBI device.
 Materials and Methods: From 05/07 to 05/08, 41 patients, from a single surgeon (PI), were treated with breast conserving therapy (BCT) received adjuvant radiation using the Contura™ catheter (34 Gy in 3.4 Gy fractions). 13/41 patients (31.7%) had stage 0 disease, 21 (51.2%) had stage I and 7 (17.1%) had stage II breast cancer.
 For each patient, the dosimetric plan was customized using the 5 high dose rate brachytherapy channels of the Contura™ catheter by selecting from 45 different dwell positions (9 per catheter).
 Results: Median, minimum skin spacing was 10 mm (range 2 to 17). The median maximum skin dose (% of prescribed dose [PD]) was 99.7 (57.1 to 124.1). Eight patients were able to be treated with a skin spacing of 5 mm or less, 2 had spacing of 2 mm. The median maximum rib dose was 102.6 % of PD (10.0 to 187.7), median percentage of the planning target volume (PTV) receiving 95% of the PD was 98.8 (79.4 to 107.4) and the median volume receiving 200% of the PD was 5.7 cc (range 1.3 to 9.9).
 The percentage of patients with excellent/good cosmetic results at 3 and 6 months was 94% (16 evaluable patients) and 89% (9 evaluable patients), respectively. One patient developed skin ulceration after receiving chemotherapy. Patient tolerance was assessed on a scale 0-10 (0=no pain, 10 = requiring narcotic analgesics). In 37/38 (97.3%) patients, pain was graded ≤ 3 at the time of catheter insertion. Four transient breast infections (11%) developed and one transient symptomatic seroma developed (3%).
 Conclusion: Adjuvant APBI using the Contura™ MLB catheter exhibited similar toxicities to standard single-lumen balloon brachytherapy with absolute improvements in dosimetric capabilities (i.e., reduced skin dose, improved PTV coverage and normal tissue avoidance). With multiple lumen planning, more conformal dosimtery was achieved as compared to single-lumen balloon treatment. This allowed the treatment of 8 patients with skin spacing of 5 mm or less, normally not achievable with single-lumen balloon treatment.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 5138.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Brown
- 1 Dept. of Radiation Oncology, Wellstar Kennestone Hospital, Marietta, GA
| | - M McLaughlin
- 1 Dept. of Radiation Oncology, Wellstar Kennestone Hospital, Marietta, GA
| | - K Pope
- 2 Dept. of Radiation Physics, Wellstar Kennestone Hospital, Marietta, GA
| | - K Haile
- 1 Dept. of Radiation Oncology, Wellstar Kennestone Hospital, Marietta, GA
| | - TJ Whitaker
- 2 Dept. of Radiation Physics, Wellstar Kennestone Hospital, Marietta, GA
| | - L Hughes
- 1 Dept. of Radiation Oncology, Wellstar Kennestone Hospital, Marietta, GA
| | - P Israel
- 3 The Breast Center, Marietta, GA
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Thomson CE, McCulloch M, Sorenson A, Barnett SC, Seed BV, Griffiths IR, McLaughlin M. Myelinated, synapsing cultures of murine spinal cord--validation as an in vitro model of the central nervous system. Eur J Neurosci 2008; 28:1518-35. [PMID: 18793322 PMCID: PMC2777255 DOI: 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2008.06415.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Research in central nervous system (CNS) biology and pathology requires in vitro models, which, to recapitulate the CNS in vivo, must have extensive myelin and synapse formation under serum-free (defined) conditions. However, finding such a model has proven difficult. The technique described here produces dense cultures of myelinated axons, with abundant synapses and nodes of Ranvier, that are suitable for both morphological and biochemical analysis. Cellular and molecular events were easily visualised using conventional microscopy. Ultrastructurally, myelin sheaths were of the appropriate thickness relative to axonal diameter (G-ratio). Production of myelinated axons in these cultures was consistent and repeatable, as shown by statistical analysis of multiple experimental repeats. Myelinated axons were so abundant that from one litter of embryonic mice, myelin was produced in amounts sufficient for bulk biochemical analysis. This culture method was assessed for its ability to generate an in vitro model of the CNS that could be used for both neurobiological and neuropathological research. Myelin protein kinetics were investigated using a myelin fraction isolated from the cultures. This fraction was found to be superior, quantitatively and qualitatively, to the fraction recovered from standard cultures of dissociated oligodendrocytes, or from brain slices. The model was also used to investigate the roles of specific molecules in the pathogenesis of inflammatory CNS diseases. Using the defined conditions offered by this culture system, dose-specific, inhibitory effects of inflammatory cytokines on myelin formation were demonstrated, unequivocally. The method is technically quick, easy and reliable, and should have wide application to CNS research.
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Affiliation(s)
- C E Thomson
- Comparative Anatomy and Physiology, Institute of Veterinary, Biomedical and Animal Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
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McLaughlin M, Whitaker T, Zolty P, Reyes M, Haile K. Using CyberKnife Radiosurgery for Salvage Treatment of Locally Failed Lung Cancer after Initial Treatment with Radiotherapy/Chemotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2008.06.1824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Neumann A, Polis M, Rozenberg L, Jackson J, Reitano K, McLaughlin M, Koratich C, Dewar R, Masur H, Haagmans B, Kottilil S. Differential antiviral effect of PEG-interferon-alpha-2b on HIV and HCV in the treatment of HIV/HCV co-infected patients. AIDS 2007; 21:1855-65. [PMID: 17721093 DOI: 10.1097/qad.0b013e32825eaba7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The major antiviral effect of interferon (IFN)-alpha on hepatitis C virus (HCV) is blocking of virion production from infected cells. We now investigate the previously unknown mechanism of action of IFN-alpha against HIV. METHODS HIV kinetics in parallel to HCV kinetics and IFN pharmacokinetics during pegylated-IFN-alpha-2b (1.5 microg/Kg q.w., PEG-IFN) and ribavirin (1-1.2 g daily) treatment in nine HIV patients co-infected with HCV genotype 1 were analyzed. In vivo modeling predictions of suppression of HIV replication by PEG-IFN in CD8-depleted peripheral blood mononuclear cells were verified by in vitro experiments. RESULTS HCV and HIV show different viral decline patterns after administration of PEG-IFN. Unlike the bi-phasic decline shown by HCV, HIV shows a slow continuous decline during the first week, with no rebound when PEG-IFN levels decline. Fitting of HIV kinetics with known half-lives of free virus and infected cells indicates that the major effect of IFN on HIV is to block de novo infection rather than to block virion production. The magnitude of the antiviral effect is similar (mean 1.1 log10 decline at 7 days) to those of direct anti-HIV drugs, but shows an inverse correlation with baseline viremia. In vitro studies show that preincubation with IFN renders a suppression of HIV replication superior to that of treatment postinfection, thus corroborating the mathematical analysis in vivo. CONCLUSION The complimentary antiviral properties of IFN-alpha and antiretroviral therapy suggest a role for pharmacokinetically improved formulations of IFN as part of salvage therapy for HIV-infected individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Au Neumann
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel
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McLaughlin M, Wu H, Mahoui M, Shirato H, Jiang S. SU-FF-J-89: Correlation Analysis Between Internal and External Motion. Med Phys 2007. [DOI: 10.1118/1.2760594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Grafstein E, Stenstrom R, Westman J, McLaughlin M, Worster A. CTAS Reliability Across Provincial Health Regions. Acad Emerg Med 2007. [DOI: 10.1197/j.aem.2007.03.1309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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McLaughlin M, Langeland S, Streb W, Marciniak M, D'Hooge J, Bijnens B, Claus P. Regional differences in systolic active stress profiles in the normal beating heart. Assessment using an ultrasound based mathematical model. Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2007; 2004:3666-9. [PMID: 17271088 DOI: 10.1109/iembs.2004.1404030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Active stress (sigmaA) developed by cardiac muscle has been measured in isolated muscle preparations, under physiological loading conditions, by subtracting the passive stress (sigmaP) from the total stress (sigmaT). We previously developed a mechanical model based on M-mode ultrasound imaging to calculate these stresses in beating hearts. However, this model was based on one-dimensional imaging information and could not estimate regional differences in sigmaA. In the current study this model was improved by including two-dimensional B-mode echocardiographic data. METHODS In a porcine model a micro-manometer tipped catheter was used to measure left-ventricular pressure (LVP) and B-mode ultrasound images were recorded in a short-axis view. On the ultrasound image points in the mid-wall were selected and tracked to completely define the deformation of the myocardium. A kinematic model of the LV was then constructed from the displacement vectors of these points. sigmaT was calculated from the LVP. The material parameters for an exponential stress/strain relation were estimated during the diastolic E-wave when it was assumed that sigmaA = 0. These parameters were used to calculate sigmaP during systole and by subtracting this from sigmaT, sigmaA was calculated. RESULTS The timing and shape of sigmaA profiles match those obtained from isolated muscle experiments. SigmaA was higher and peaked sooner in the posterior wall than in the anterior wall. CONCLUSION Regional active stress estimation is possible in normal beating hearts.
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Affiliation(s)
- M McLaughlin
- Cardiac Imaging Research, Department of Cardiology, Catholic University Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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McLaughlin M, Karim SA, Montague P, Barrie JA, Kirkham D, Griffiths IR, Edgar JM. Genetic background influences UPR but not PLP processing in the rumpshaker model of PMD/SPG2. Neurochem Res 2006; 32:167-76. [PMID: 16944321 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-006-9122-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/19/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Mutations of the proteolipid protein gene (PLP1) cause Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease (PMD) and Spastic paraplegia type 2 (SPG2). The rumpshaker mutation is associated with mild forms of PMD or SPG2 in man and the identical mutation occurs in mice, the phenotype depending on genetic background. The mild phenotype in C3H mice becomes a lethal disease when expressed on the C57BL/6 background. rumpshaker PLP is synthesised at a similar rate to wild type but is rapidly degraded by the proteasome. We show that the rates of synthesis, degradation and myelin incorporation of PLP/DM20 are similar in mutants on both backgrounds and therefore differences in PLP processing are unlikely to be the basis of the phenotypic variation. An unfolded protein response (UPR) is activated in rumpshaker. Whereas activation of CHOP correlates with phenotypic severity, we find no difference in the response of BiP and X-box protein1 (Xbp1) between the two strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- M McLaughlin
- Applied Neurobiology Group, Division of Cell Sciences, Institute of Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Bearsden, Glasgow, G61 1QH, Scotland
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Wyse CA, Nixon C, McLaughlin M, Dowell FJ, Philbey AW. Evidence for the expression and enzymatic activity of haem oxygenase-1 in the lungs of horses. Vet Rec 2006; 158:795-7. [PMID: 16766725 DOI: 10.1136/vr.158.23.795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to characterise the expression of haem oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in healthy lung tissue from horses and to measure its activity. Samples of lung tissue were collected from six horses euthanased for reasons other than respiratory disease. HO-1 expression and activity were detected in type II alveolar epithelial cells, macrophages and neutrophils in all the samples examined. The activity was dependent on the presence of NADPH and inhibited quantitatively by the addition of increasing concentrations of a competitive inhibitor of HO-1, tin mesoporphyrin IX.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A Wyse
- Department of Companion Animal Studies, University of Glasgow Veterinary School, Bearsden, Glasgow
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Mayfield W, Bordoni R, Holder R, Waldman M, Muster A, McLaughlin M, Hermann R. Objective improvement in lung cancer patient care by the development of a multidisciplinary clinic (MDC) in the community. J Clin Oncol 2006. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2006.24.18_suppl.17086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
17086 Background: Medical resources allocated to lung cancer management are limited, scattered and uncoordinated, resulting in sub-optimal care. The MDC offers patients access to multi-disciplinary care (Pulmonary Medicine, Thoracic Surgery, Medical and Radiation Oncology) to operate in an efficient, cost effective way. Methods: 2004 Cancer Registry data on time to treatment (TTT) for lung cancer was 53 days. A project with the primary endpoint of reducing the TTT from 53 to 30 days was designed. Secondary endpoints were improvement in treatment planning; enhancement in clinical trials referral, and patient satisfaction. On 9/15/05 the MDC open its doors. The project was assigned to this clinic including patients with solitary lung nodules, lung, esophageal, and mediastinal cancers, mesothelioma, and other thoracic malignancies. Results: 54 pts were seen in the first 90 days; median age 60 (range 41–82), 29 males; 32 (59%) lung cancer (94% NSCLC), 8 (15%) esophageal cancer, 6 other diagnosis, and 6 abnormal radiological findings without diagnosis. The TTT of 30 evaluable patients is 26.36 days. Of the 30 NSCLC the TNM stage was: 4 IA, 5 IB, 2 each IIA/IIB, 8 (27%) IIIA, 3 (10%) IIIB, and 6 (20%) IV. Fifteen of the cases had pathologic staging. Out of 9 pts with cstage I, 7 (78%) had definitive surgery; 4 pts confirmed to have pstage IB, were evaluated for adjuvant chemo. Four pts with cstage II had surgery, 2 of them adjuvant chemo. Of the 11 pts with cstage III, 5 (46%) received concurrent CHRT, 1 (stage IIIA) underwent surgery f/b chemo, 2 received chemo alone and 2 refused therapy. Out of 6 pts with stage IV, 5 (83%) received systemic therapy. Conclusions: The TTT of 26.36 days represents a 50.26% improvement from our institutional benchmark of 53 days. Updated and expanded data on our project primary and secondary endpoints will be presented at the meeting. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Affiliation(s)
- W. Mayfield
- Wellstar, Marietta, GA; Georgia Cancer Specialists, Marietta, GA
| | - R. Bordoni
- Wellstar, Marietta, GA; Georgia Cancer Specialists, Marietta, GA
| | - R. Holder
- Wellstar, Marietta, GA; Georgia Cancer Specialists, Marietta, GA
| | - M. Waldman
- Wellstar, Marietta, GA; Georgia Cancer Specialists, Marietta, GA
| | - A. Muster
- Wellstar, Marietta, GA; Georgia Cancer Specialists, Marietta, GA
| | - M. McLaughlin
- Wellstar, Marietta, GA; Georgia Cancer Specialists, Marietta, GA
| | - R. Hermann
- Wellstar, Marietta, GA; Georgia Cancer Specialists, Marietta, GA
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Lempicki RA, Polis MA, Yang J, McLaughlin M, Koratich C, Huang DW, Fullmer B, Wu L, Rehm CA, Masur H, Lane HC, Sherman KE, Fauci AS, Kottilil S. Gene Expression Profiles in Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) and HIV Coinfection: Class Prediction Analyses before Treatment Predict the Outcome of Anti‐HCV Therapy among HIV‐Coinfected Persons. J Infect Dis 2006; 193:1172-7. [PMID: 16544259 DOI: 10.1086/501365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2005] [Accepted: 11/09/2005] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Therapy for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients results in modest cure rates. Gene expression patterns in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 29 patients coinfected with HIV and HCV were used to predict virological response to therapy for HCV infection. Prediction analysis using pretherapy samples identified 79 genes that correctly classified all 10 patients who did not respond to therapy, 8 of 10 patients with a response at the end of treatment, and 7 of 9 patients with sustained virological response (86% overall). Analysis of 17 posttreatment samples identified 105 genes that correctly classified all 9 patients with response at the end of treatment and 7 of 8 patients with sustained virological response (94% overall). Failure of anti-HCV therapy was associated with elevated expression of interferon-stimulated genes. Gene expression patterns may provide a tool to predict anti-HCV therapeutic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- R A Lempicki
- Science Applications International Program (SAIC)-Frederick, Inc., National Cancer Institute-Frederick, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland, USA
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Fowler JH, Edgar JM, Pringle A, McLaughlin M, McCulloch J, Griffiths IR, Garbern JY, Nave KA, Dewar D. α-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionic acid-mediated excitotoxic axonal damage is attenuated in the absence of myelin proteolipid protein. J Neurosci Res 2006; 84:68-77. [PMID: 16625661 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.20859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In vivo and in vitro studies have shown that alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionic acid (AMPA)-receptor-mediated excitotoxicity causes cytoskeletal damage to axons. AMPA/kainate receptors are present on oligodendrocytes and myelin, but currently there is no evidence to suggest that axon cylinders contain AMPA receptors. Proteolipid protein (PLP) and DM20 are integral membrane proteins expressed by CNS oligodendrocytes and located in compact myelin. Humans and mice lacking normal PLP/DM20 develop axonal swellings and degeneration, suggesting that local interactions between axons and the oligodendrocyte/myelin unit are important for the normal functioning of axons and that PLP/DM20 is involved in this process. To determine whether perturbed glial-axonal interaction affects AMPA-receptor-mediated axonal damage, AMPA (1.5 nmol) was injected into the caudate nucleus of anesthetized Plp knockout and wild-type male mice (n = 13). Twenty-four hours later, axonal damage was detected by using neurofilament 200 (NF 200) immunohistochemistry and neuronal damage detected via histology. AMPA-induced axonal damage, assessed with NF 200 immunohistochemistry, was significantly reduced in Plp knockout mice compared with wild-type mice (P = 0.015). There was no significant difference in the levels of neuronal perikaryal damage between the Plp knockout and wild-type mice. In addition, there was no significant difference in the levels of glutamate receptor subunits GluR1-4 or KA2 in Plp knockout compared with wild-type littermates. The present study suggests that PLP-mediated interactions among oligodendrocytes, myelin, and axons may be involved in AMPA-mediated axonal damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Fowler
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Glasgow, Wellcome Surgical Institute, Glasgow G61 1QH, United Kingdom.
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