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Laurita T, Pappalardo I, Chiummiento L, D'Orsi R, Funicello M, Santarsiero A, Marsico M, Infantino V, Todisco S, Lupattelli P. Synthesis of new methoxy derivatives of trans 2,3-diaryl-2,3-dihydrobenzofurans and evaluation of their anti-inflammatory activity. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2021; 49:128264. [PMID: 34280408 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2021.128264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
In the present study we synthesized new methoxy derivatives of trans 2,3-diaryl-2,3-dihydrobenzofurans, starting from suitable trans 2,3-diaryloxiranes, using regio- and stereoselective nucleophilic oxiranyl ring-opening reactions. The compounds were tested as anti-inflammatories in U937 cells. All compounds showed a significant role in inhibiting the NF-κB pathway and were able to restore normal ROS and NO level upon LPS activation. Moreover, regarding inhibition of ACLY, enantioenriched (50% ee) 7a50 showed more potency than the racemic counterpart 7arac, together with a higher reduction of prostaglandin E2 production, thus suggesting a stereoselective interaction in this pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Laurita
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, via dell'ateneo lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - I Pappalardo
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, via dell'ateneo lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - L Chiummiento
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, via dell'ateneo lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - R D'Orsi
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, via dell'ateneo lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - M Funicello
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, via dell'ateneo lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - A Santarsiero
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, via dell'ateneo lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - M Marsico
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, via dell'ateneo lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - V Infantino
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, via dell'ateneo lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - S Todisco
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, via dell'ateneo lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - P Lupattelli
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, via dell'ateneo lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy.
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Bochicchio A, Schiavo L, Chiummiento L, Lupattelli P, Funicello M, Hanquet G, Choppin S, Colobert F. Convergent total synthesis of (±) myricanol, a cyclic natural diarylheptanoid. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 16:8859-8869. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ob02052c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Third total synthesis of the meta, meta-bridged diarylheptanoid: myricanol with remarkable anti-tau properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Bochicchio
- Department of Science
- University of Basilicata
- 85100 Potenza
- Italy
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Moléculaire et Applications (UMR CNRS 7042)
| | - L. Schiavo
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Moléculaire et Applications (UMR CNRS 7042)
- Université de Strasbourg/Université de haute Alsace
- ECPM
- Strasbourg
- France
| | - L. Chiummiento
- Department of Science
- University of Basilicata
- 85100 Potenza
- Italy
| | - P. Lupattelli
- Department of Science
- University of Basilicata
- 85100 Potenza
- Italy
| | - M. Funicello
- Department of Science
- University of Basilicata
- 85100 Potenza
- Italy
| | - G. Hanquet
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Moléculaire et Applications (UMR CNRS 7042)
- Université de Strasbourg/Université de haute Alsace
- ECPM
- Strasbourg
- France
| | - S. Choppin
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Moléculaire et Applications (UMR CNRS 7042)
- Université de Strasbourg/Université de haute Alsace
- ECPM
- Strasbourg
- France
| | - F. Colobert
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Moléculaire et Applications (UMR CNRS 7042)
- Université de Strasbourg/Université de haute Alsace
- ECPM
- Strasbourg
- France
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Funicello M, Chiummiento L, Tramutola F, Armentano M, Bisaccia F, Miglionico R, Milella L, Benedetti F, Berti F, Lupattelli P. Synthesis and biological evaluation in vitro and in mammalian cells of new heteroaryl carboxyamides as HIV-protease inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 25:4715-4722. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Revised: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Bonini C, Chiummiento L, Di Blasio N, Funicello M, Lupattelli P, Tramutola F, Berti F, Ostric A, Miertus S, Frecer V, Kong DX. Synthesis and biological evaluation of new simple indolic non peptidic HIV Protease inhibitors: The effect of different substitution patterns. Bioorg Med Chem 2014; 22:4792-802. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2014.06.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2014] [Revised: 06/25/2014] [Accepted: 06/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Lisi S, Gamucci O, Vottari T, Scabia G, Funicello M, Marchi M, Galli G, Arisi I, Brandi R, D’Onofrio M, Pinchera A, Santini F, Maffei M. Obesity-associated hepatosteatosis and impairment of glucose homeostasis are attenuated by haptoglobin deficiency. Diabetes 2011; 60:2496-505. [PMID: 21873550 PMCID: PMC3178294 DOI: 10.2337/db10-1536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Haptoglobin (Hp) is upregulated in both inflammation and obesity. The low chronic inflammatory state, caused by massive adipose tissue macrophage (ATM) infiltration found in obesity, and low adiponectin have been implicated in the development of insulin resistance and hepatosteatosis. The aim of this work was to investigate whether and how Hp interferes with the onset of obesity-associated complications. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Hp-null (Hp(-/-)) and wild-type (WT) mice were metabolically profiled under chow-food diet (CFD) and high-fat diet (HFD) feeding by assessing physical parameters, glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, insulin response to glucose load, liver triglyceride content, plasma levels of leptin, insulin, glucose, and adiponectin. ATM content was evaluated by using immunohistochemistry (anti-F4/80 antibody). Adiponectin expression was measured in Hp-treated, cultured 3T3-L1 and human adipocytes. RESULTS No genotype-related difference was found in CFD animals. HFD-Hp(-/-) mice revealed significantly higher glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, and adiponectin expression and reduced hepatomegaly/steatosis compared with HFD-WT mice. White adipose tissue (WAT) of HFD-Hp(-/-) mice showed higher activation of insulin signaling cascade, lower ATM, and higher adiponectin expression. Hp was able to inhibit adiponectin expression in cultured adipocytes. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated that in the absence of Hp, obesity-associated insulin resistance and hepatosteatosis are attenuated, which is associated with reduced ATM content, increased plasma adiponectin, and higher WAT insulin sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simonetta Lisi
- Dulbecco Telethon Institute, Rome, Italy
- Department of Endocrinology and Kidney, University-Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Olimpia Gamucci
- Department of Endocrinology and Kidney, University-Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Teresa Vottari
- Dulbecco Telethon Institute, Rome, Italy
- Department of Endocrinology and Kidney, University-Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Gaia Scabia
- Dulbecco Telethon Institute, Rome, Italy
- Department of Endocrinology and Kidney, University-Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Marcella Funicello
- Dulbecco Telethon Institute, Rome, Italy
- Department of Endocrinology and Kidney, University-Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Matilde Marchi
- Dulbecco Telethon Institute, Rome, Italy
- Department of Endocrinology and Kidney, University-Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giulia Galli
- Department of Endocrinology and Kidney, University-Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Ivan Arisi
- European Brain Research Institute, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Aldo Pinchera
- Department of Endocrinology and Kidney, University-Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Ferruccio Santini
- Department of Endocrinology and Kidney, University-Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Margherita Maffei
- Dulbecco Telethon Institute, Rome, Italy
- Department of Endocrinology and Kidney, University-Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Corresponding author: Margherita Maffei, , or Ferruccio Santini,
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Maffei M, Funicello M, Vottari T, Gamucci O, Costa M, Lisi S, Viegi A, Ciampi O, Bardi G, Vitti P, Pinchera A, Santini F. The obesity and inflammatory marker haptoglobin attracts monocytes via interaction with chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 2 (CCR2). BMC Biol 2009; 7:87. [PMID: 20017911 PMCID: PMC2809058 DOI: 10.1186/1741-7007-7-87] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2009] [Accepted: 12/17/2009] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Obesity is a chronic low inflammatory state. In the obesity condition the white adipose tissue (WAT) is massively infiltrated with monocytes/macrophages, and the nature of the signals recruiting these inflammatory cells has yet to be fully elucidated. Haptoglobin (Hp) is an inflammatory marker and its expression is induced in the WAT of obese subjects. In an effort to elucidate the biological significance of Hp presence in the WAT and of its upregulation in obesity we formulated the hypothesis that Hp may serve as a macrophage chemoattractant. Results We demonstrated by chemotaxis assay that Hp is able to attract chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 2 (CCR2)-transfected pre-B lymphocytes and monocytes in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, Hp-mediated migration of monocytes is impaired by CCR2-specific inhibition or previous cell exposure to monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP1) (also known as CCR2 ligand or chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2)). Downstream effects of Hp/CCR2 interaction were also investigated: flow cytometry proved that monocytes treated with Hp show reduced CCR2 expression on their surface; Hp interaction induces calcium release that is reduced upon pretreatment with CCR2 antagonist; extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2, a signal transducer activated by CCR2, is phosphorylated following Hp treatment and this phosphorylation is reduced when cells are pretreated with a specific CCR2 inhibitor. Consistently, blocking the ERK1/2 pathway with U0126, the selective inhibitor of the ERK upstream mitogen-activated protein (MAP)-ERK kinase (MEK), results in a dramatic reduction (by almost 100%) of the capability of Hp to induce monocyte migration. Conclusions Our data show that Hp is a novel monocyte chemoattractant and that its chemotactic potential is mediated, at least in part. by its interaction with CCR2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margherita Maffei
- Dulbecco Telethon Institute, CNR, Area della Ricerca di Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
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Gobbi M, Funicello M, Gerstbrein K, Holy M, Moya PR, Sotomayor R, Forray MI, Gysling K, Paluzzi S, Bonanno G, Reyes-Parada M, Sitte HH, Mennini T. N,N-dimethyl-thioamphetamine and methyl-thioamphetamine, two non-neurotoxic substrates of 5-HT transporters, have scant in vitro efficacy for the induction of transporter-mediated 5-HT release and currents. J Neurochem 2008; 105:1770-80. [PMID: 18248615 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2008.05272.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
We studied two non-neurotoxic amphetamine derivatives (methyl-thioamphetamine, MTA and N,N-dimethylMTA, DMMTA) interacting with serotonin (5-HT) transporters (SERTs) with affinities comparable to that of p-Cl-amphetamine (pCA). The rank order for their maximal effects in inducing both [(3)H]5-HT release from rat brain synaptosomes or hSERT-expressing HEK-293 cells, and currents in hSERT-expressing oocytes, was pCA >> MTA > or = DMMTA. A correlation between drug-induced release and currents is also strengthened by the similar bell shape of the dose-response curves. Release experiments indicated that MTA and DMMTA are SERT substrates although MTA is taken up by HEK-293 cells with a V(max) 40% lower than pCA. The weak effects of MTA and DMMTA in vitro might therefore be due to their properties as 'partial substrates' on the mechanisms, other than translocation, responsible for currents and/or release. After either local or systemic in vivo administration, MTA and DMMTA release 5-HT in a manner comparable to pCA. These findings confirm that the neurotoxic properties of some amphetamine derivatives are independent of their 5-HT-releasing activity in vivo. It is worth noting that only those amphetamine derivatives with high efficiency in inducing 5-HT release and currents in vitro have neurotoxic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Gobbi
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Italy.
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Funicello M, Novelli M, Ragni M, Vottari T, Cocuzza C, Soriano-Lopez J, Chiellini C, Boschi F, Marzola P, Masiello P, Saftig P, Santini F, St-Jacques R, Desmarais S, Morin N, Mancini J, Percival MD, Pinchera A, Maffei M. Cathepsin K null mice show reduced adiposity during the rapid accumulation of fat stores. PLoS One 2007; 2:e683. [PMID: 17668061 PMCID: PMC1925145 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0000683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2007] [Accepted: 06/25/2007] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Growing evidences indicate that proteases are implicated in adipogenesis and in the onset of obesity. We previously reported that the cysteine protease cathepsin K (ctsk) is overexpressed in the white adipose tissue (WAT) of obese individuals. We herein characterized the WAT and the metabolic phenotype of ctsk deficient animals (ctsk−/−). When the growth rate of ctsk−/− was compared to that of the wild type animals (WT), we could establish a time window (5–8 weeks of age) within which ctsk−/−display significantly lower body weight and WAT size as compared to WT. Such a difference was not observable in older mice. Upon treatment with high fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks ctsk−/− gained significantly less weight than WT and showed reduced brown adipose tissue, liver mass and a lower percentage of body fat. Plasma triglycerides, cholesterol and leptin were significantly lower in HFD-fed-ctsk−/− as compared to HFD-fed WT animals. Adipocyte lipolysis rates were increased in both young and HFD-fed-ctsk−/−, as compared to WT. Carnitine palmitoyl transferase-1 activity, was higher in mitochondria isolated from the WAT of HFD treated ctsk−/− as compared to WT. Together, these data indicate that ctsk ablation in mice results in reduced body fat content under conditions requiring a rapid accumulation of fat stores. This observation could be partly explained by an increased release and/or utilization of FFA and by an augmented ratio of lipolysis/lipogenesis. These results also demonstrate that under a HFD, ctsk deficiency confers a partial resistance to the development of dyslipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcella Funicello
- Dulbecco Telethon Institute at Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Michela Novelli
- Department of Experimental Pathology, Medical Biotechnologies, Infectivology and Epidemiology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Maurizio Ragni
- Dulbecco Telethon Institute at Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Teresa Vottari
- Dulbecco Telethon Institute at Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Cesare Cocuzza
- Dulbecco Telethon Institute at Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Joaquin Soriano-Lopez
- Dulbecco Telethon Institute at Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Chiara Chiellini
- Dulbecco Telethon Institute at Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Federico Boschi
- Department of Morphological-Biomedical Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, Medical Faculty, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Pasquina Marzola
- Department of Morphological-Biomedical Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, Medical Faculty, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Pellegrino Masiello
- Department of Experimental Pathology, Medical Biotechnologies, Infectivology and Epidemiology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Paul Saftig
- Biochemical Institute, Christian-Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Ferruccio Santini
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Rene St-Jacques
- Department of Pharmacology, Merck Frosst Centre for Therapeutic Research, Kirkland, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sylvie Desmarais
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Merck Frosst Centre for Therapeutic Research, Kirkland, Quebec, Canada
| | - Nicolas Morin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Merck Frosst Centre for Therapeutic Research, Kirkland, Quebec, Canada
| | - Joseph Mancini
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Merck Frosst Centre for Therapeutic Research, Kirkland, Quebec, Canada
| | - M. David Percival
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Merck Frosst Centre for Therapeutic Research, Kirkland, Quebec, Canada
| | - Aldo Pinchera
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Margherita Maffei
- Dulbecco Telethon Institute at Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- * To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
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Costantin L, Bozzi Y, Richichi C, Viegi A, Antonucci F, Funicello M, Gobbi M, Mennini T, Rossetto O, Montecucco C, Maffei L, Vezzani A, Caleo M. Antiepileptic effects of botulinum neurotoxin E. J Neurosci 2005; 25:1943-51. [PMID: 15728834 PMCID: PMC6726074 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.4402-04.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Experimental studies suggest that the delivery of antiepileptic agents into the seizure focus might be of potential utility for the treatment of focal-onset epilepsies. Botulinum neurotoxin E (BoNT/E) causes a prolonged inhibition of neurotransmitter release after its specific cleavage of the synaptic protein synaptosomal-associated protein of 25 kDa (SNAP-25). Here, we show that BoNT/E injected into the rat hippocampus inhibits glutamate release and blocks spike activity of pyramidal neurons. BoNT/E effects persist for at least 3 weeks, as determined by immunodetection of cleaved SNAP-25 and loss of intact SNAP-25. The delivery of BoNT/E to the rat hippocampus dramatically reduces both focal and generalized kainic acid-induced seizures as documented by behavioral and electrographic analysis. BoNT/E treatment also prevents neuronal loss and long-term cognitive deficits associated with kainic acid seizures. Moreover, BoNT/E-injected rats require 50% more electrical stimulations to reach stage 5 of kindling, thus indicating a delayed epileptogenesis. We conclude that BoNT/E delivery to the hippocampus is both antiictal and antiepileptogenic in experimental models of epilepsy.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Anticonvulsants/administration & dosage
- Anticonvulsants/therapeutic use
- Botulinum Toxins/administration & dosage
- Botulinum Toxins/therapeutic use
- Cell Death/drug effects
- Cognition Disorders/etiology
- Cognition Disorders/prevention & control
- Convulsants/toxicity
- Drug Evaluation, Preclinical
- Electric Stimulation
- Electroencephalography
- Epilepsies, Partial/drug therapy
- Epilepsies, Partial/physiopathology
- Epilepsy, Generalized/chemically induced
- Epilepsy, Generalized/complications
- Epilepsy, Generalized/drug therapy
- Epilepsy, Generalized/physiopathology
- Glutamic Acid/metabolism
- Hippocampus/drug effects
- Hippocampus/physiopathology
- Injections, Intralesional
- Kainic Acid/toxicity
- Kindling, Neurologic/drug effects
- Maze Learning/drug effects
- Membrane Proteins/metabolism
- Nerve Tissue Proteins/metabolism
- Pyramidal Cells/drug effects
- Pyramidal Cells/pathology
- Pyramidal Cells/physiology
- Random Allocation
- Rats
- Rats, Long-Evans
- Stereotaxic Techniques
- Synaptosomal-Associated Protein 25
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Costantin
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 56100 Pisa, Italy
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Gobbi M, Moia M, Funicello M, Riva A, Morazzoni P, Mennini T. In vitro effects of the dicyclohexylammonium salt of hyperforin on interleukin-6 release in different experimental models. Planta Med 2004; 70:680-682. [PMID: 15303261 DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-827194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Cytokine hypersecretion might be involved in the onset and maintenance of depressive disorders and it has been suggested that St. John's wort extracts (Hypericum perforatum, SJW) might exert their antidepressant-like effects by affecting peripheral interleukin-6 (IL6) expression. We found that hyperforin, one putative active principle of SJW, and its dicyclohexylammonium salt (hyperforin-DCHA), inhibited the substance P (SP)-induced [L6 release inhuman astrocytoma cells (U373MG) with an Cs50 of 1.6 pM, indicating that hyperforin is likely to account for the inhibitory effect previously found in the same experimental model with SJW ex-tracts. [3H]SP binding experiments in parallel on the same intact cells indicate that hyperforin-DCHA does not interact with neuro-kinin-I receptors but very likely interacts with some intracellular steps leading to the synthesis and/or release of IL6. Hyperforin-DCHA also inhibited, with a similar IC50, the IL6 release induced in U373MG cells by two other classic proinflammatory stimuli,ILl and lipopolysaccharide (LPS), as well as the LPS-induced IL6 release in whole rat blood. Hyperforin-DCHA was less active in whole human blood. The concentrations required in vitro to inhibit LPS-induced IL6 release from rat and human whole blood are about one order of magnitude higher than the hyperforin levels measured in the plasma of rats or humans treated with pharmaco-logically active doses of SJW or hyperforin-DCHA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Gobbi
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Via Eritrea 62, 20157 Milan, Italy.
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De Angelis N, Fiordaliso F, Latini R, Calvillo L, Funicello M, Gobbi M, Mennini T, Masson S. Appraisal of the role of angiotensin II and aldosterone in ventricular myocyte apoptosis in adult normotensive rat. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2002; 34:1655-65. [PMID: 12505063 DOI: 10.1006/jmcc.2002.2115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Despite previous observations on isolated ventricular myocytes, there are still few evidences that angiotensin II induces cardiomyocyte apoptosis in vivo. The possibility that aldosterone, the final hormone of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system under Ang II control, can stimulate cardiac apoptosis has not yet been explored. Angiotensin II or aldosterone (1mg/kg each) were infused in adult normotensive rats for different times, and the number of apoptotic ventricular myocyte nuclei was quantified by the TUNEL method, along with caspase-3 activation. The role of angiotensin II type 1 receptor in vivo was assessed by selective blockade with valsartan and ex vivo by binding experiments. In addition, myocytes in primary culture were incubated with Ang II or aldosterone in presence of spironolactone. Continuous infusion of Ang II induced a rapid, AT(1)-mediated increase of apoptotic cardiomyocyte nuclei (from 14+/-9 to 188+/-35 TdT-labeled nuclei/10(6) after 3h, P<0.005) and of activated caspase-3, that normalized after 24h. The normalization was associated with a down-regulation of myocardial AT(1) receptors. Aldosterone stimulated cardiomyocyte apoptosis both in vivo and in isolated cells, to a similar extent as Ang II. The maximal apoptotic rate reported here ( approximately 0.02%) and the transient effect of Ang II suggest that myocyte loss by apoptosis is limited in the present model. The data on aldosterone-induced ventricular myocyte apoptosis deserve further attention to delineate the role of aldosterone in cell death and offer possible mechanistic explanations on the benefits afforded by aldosterone receptor antagonists in heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noeleen De Angelis
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri" Milan, Italy
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Bavoso A, Funicello M, Morelli G, Pavone V. Structure of dichloro[1,2-ethanedione bis(dimethylhydrazone)](η-ethylene)platinum(II), [PtCl2(C2H4)(C6H14N4)]. Acta Crystallogr C 1984. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108270184010520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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