1
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Lemieux A, Sannier G, Nicolas A, Nayrac M, Delgado GG, Cloutier R, Brassard N, Laporte M, Duchesne M, Sreng Flores AM, Finzi A, Tastet O, Dubé M, Kaufmann DE. Enhanced detection of antigen-specific T cells by a multiplexed AIM assay. Cell Rep Methods 2024; 4:100690. [PMID: 38228152 PMCID: PMC10831934 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmeth.2023.100690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Broadly applicable methods to identify and characterize antigen-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells are key to immunology research, including studies of vaccine responses and immunity to infectious diseases. We developed a multiplexed activation-induced marker (AIM) assay that presents several advantages compared to single pairs of AIMs. The simultaneous measurement of four AIMs (CD69, 4-1BB, OX40, and CD40L) creates six AIM pairs that define CD4+ T cell populations with partial and variable overlap. When combined in an AND/OR Boolean gating strategy for analysis, this approach enhances CD4+ T cell detection compared to any single AIM pair, while CD8+ T cells are dominated by CD69/4-1BB co-expression. Supervised and unsupervised clustering analyses show differential expression of the AIMs in defined T helper lineages and that multiplexing mitigates phenotypic biases. Paired and unpaired comparisons of responses to infections (HIV and cytomegalovirus [CMV]) and vaccination (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 [SARS-CoV-2]) validate the robustness and versatility of the method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrée Lemieux
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Gérémy Sannier
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Alexandre Nicolas
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Manon Nayrac
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | | | - Rose Cloutier
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | - Andrés Finzi
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Olivier Tastet
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Mathieu Dubé
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada.
| | - Daniel E Kaufmann
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), La Jolla, CA, USA; Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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2
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Dubé M, Tastet O, Dufour C, Sannier G, Brassard N, Delgado GG, Pagliuzza A, Richard C, Nayrac M, Routy JP, Prat A, Estes JD, Fromentin R, Chomont N, Kaufmann DE. Spontaneous HIV expression during suppressive ART is associated with the magnitude and function of HIV-specific CD4 + and CD8 + T cells. Cell Host Microbe 2023; 31:1507-1522.e5. [PMID: 37708853 PMCID: PMC10542967 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2023.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Spontaneous transcription and translation of HIV can persist during suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART). The quantity, phenotype, and biological relevance of this spontaneously "active" reservoir remain unclear. Using multiplexed single-cell RNAflow-fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), we detect active HIV transcription in 14/18 people with HIV on suppressive ART, with a median of 28/million CD4+ T cells. While these cells predominantly exhibit abortive transcription, p24-expressing cells are evident in 39% of participants. Phenotypically diverse, active reservoirs are enriched in central memory T cells and CCR6- and activation-marker-expressing cells. The magnitude of the active reservoir positively correlates with total HIV-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses and with multiple HIV-specific T cell clusters identified by unsupervised analysis. These associations are particularly strong with p24-expressing active reservoir cells. Single-cell vDNA sequencing shows that active reservoirs are largely dominated by defective proviruses. Our data suggest that these reservoirs maintain HIV-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T responses during suppressive ART.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Dubé
- Department of Immunopathology, Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada.
| | - Olivier Tastet
- Department of Immunopathology, Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Caroline Dufour
- Department of Immunopathology, Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Gérémy Sannier
- Department of Immunopathology, Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Nathalie Brassard
- Department of Immunopathology, Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Gloria-Gabrielle Delgado
- Department of Immunopathology, Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Amélie Pagliuzza
- Department of Immunopathology, Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Corentin Richard
- Department of Immunopathology, Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Manon Nayrac
- Department of Immunopathology, Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Jean-Pierre Routy
- Chronic Viral Illnesses Service and Division of Hematology, McGill University Health Centre (CUSM), Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; Infectious Diseases and Immunity in Global Health Program, Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Alexandre Prat
- Department of Immunopathology, Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Jacob D Estes
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA; Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Rémi Fromentin
- Department of Immunopathology, Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Nicolas Chomont
- Department of Immunopathology, Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Daniel E Kaufmann
- Department of Immunopathology, Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland.
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3
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Richard J, Prévost J, Bourassa C, Brassard N, Boutin M, Benlarbi M, Goyette G, Medjahed H, Gendron-Lepage G, Gaudette F, Chen HC, Tolbert WD, Smith AB, Pazgier M, Dubé M, Clark A, Mothes W, Kaufmann DE, Finzi A. Temsavir blocks the immunomodulatory activities of HIV-1 soluble gp120. Cell Chem Biol 2023; 30:540-552.e6. [PMID: 36958337 PMCID: PMC10198848 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2023.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
While HIV-1-mediated CD4 downregulation protects infected cells from antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), shed gp120 binds to CD4 on uninfected bystander CD4+ T cells, sensitizing them to ADCC mediated by HIV+ plasma. Soluble gp120-CD4 interaction on multiple immune cells also triggers a cytokine burst. The small molecule temsavir acts as an HIV-1 attachment inhibitor by preventing envelope glycoprotein (Env)-CD4 interaction and alters the overall antigenicity of Env by affecting its processing and glycosylation. Here we show that temsavir also blocks the immunomodulatory activities of shed gp120. Temsavir prevents shed gp120 from interacting with uninfected bystander CD4+ cells, protecting them from ADCC responses and preventing a cytokine burst. Mechanistically, this depends on temsavir's capacity to prevent soluble gp120-CD4 interaction, to reduce gp120 shedding, and to alter gp120 antigenicity. This suggests that the clinical benefits provided by temsavir could extend beyond blocking viral entry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Richard
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie, et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Jérémie Prévost
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie, et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | | | | | - Marianne Boutin
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie, et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Mehdi Benlarbi
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie, et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Fleur Gaudette
- Plateforme de Pharmacocinétique, Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Hung-Ching Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6323, USA
| | - William D Tolbert
- Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814-4712, USA
| | - Amos B Smith
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6323, USA
| | - Marzena Pazgier
- Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814-4712, USA
| | - Mathieu Dubé
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Andrew Clark
- ViiV Healthcare, Global Medical Affairs, Middlesex TW8 9GS, UK
| | - Walther Mothes
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Daniel E Kaufmann
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Andrés Finzi
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie, et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada.
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4
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Sannier G, Nicolas A, Dubé M, Marchitto L, Nayrac M, Tastet O, Chatterjee D, Tauzin A, Lima-Barbosa R, Laporte M, Cloutier R, Sreng Flores AM, Boutin M, Gong SY, Benlarbi M, Ding S, Bourassa C, Gendron-Lepage G, Medjahed H, Goyette G, Brassard N, Delgado GG, Niessl J, Gokool L, Morrisseau C, Arlotto P, Rios N, Tremblay C, Martel-Laferrière V, Prat A, Bélair J, Beaubien-Souligny W, Goupil R, Nadeau-Fredette AC, Lamarche C, Finzi A, Suri RS, Kaufmann DE. A third SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine dose in people receiving hemodialysis overcomes B cell defects but elicits a skewed CD4 + T cell profile. Cell Rep Med 2023; 4:100955. [PMID: 36863335 PMCID: PMC9902290 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.100955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Cellular immune defects associated with suboptimal responses to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) mRNA vaccination in people receiving hemodialysis (HD) are poorly understood. We longitudinally analyze antibody, B cell, CD4+, and CD8+ T cell vaccine responses in 27 HD patients and 26 low-risk control individuals (CIs). The first two doses elicit weaker B cell and CD8+ T cell responses in HD than in CI, while CD4+ T cell responses are quantitatively similar. In HD, a third dose robustly boosts B cell responses, leads to convergent CD8+ T cell responses, and enhances comparatively more T helper (TH) immunity. Unsupervised clustering of single-cell features reveals phenotypic and functional shifts over time and between cohorts. The third dose attenuates some features of TH cells in HD (tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNFα]/interleukin [IL]-2 skewing), while others (CCR6, CXCR6, programmed cell death protein 1 [PD-1], and HLA-DR overexpression) persist. Therefore, a third vaccine dose is critical to achieving robust multifaceted immunity in hemodialysis patients, although some distinct TH characteristics endure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gérémy Sannier
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Alexandre Nicolas
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Mathieu Dubé
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Lorie Marchitto
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Manon Nayrac
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Olivier Tastet
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Debashree Chatterjee
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Alexandra Tauzin
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | | | - Mélanie Laporte
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Rose Cloutier
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Alina M Sreng Flores
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Marianne Boutin
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Shang Yu Gong
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Mehdi Benlarbi
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Shilei Ding
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Catherine Bourassa
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Gabrielle Gendron-Lepage
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Halima Medjahed
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Guillaume Goyette
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Nathalie Brassard
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Gloria-Gabrielle Delgado
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Julia Niessl
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Laurie Gokool
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Chantal Morrisseau
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Pascale Arlotto
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Norka Rios
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H3H 2L9, Canada
| | - Cécile Tremblay
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Valérie Martel-Laferrière
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Alexandre Prat
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Département de Neurosciences, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Justin Bélair
- Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - William Beaubien-Souligny
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Nephrology Division, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3X 3E4, Canada
| | - Rémi Goupil
- Centre de Recherche of the Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, Montreal, QC H4J 1C5, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Annie-Claire Nadeau-Fredette
- Nephrology Division, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3X 3E4, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada; Centre de Recherche of the Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Montreal, QC H1T 2M4, Canada
| | - Caroline Lamarche
- Nephrology Division, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3X 3E4, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada; Centre de Recherche of the Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Montreal, QC H1T 2M4, Canada
| | - Andrés Finzi
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada.
| | - Rita S Suri
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H3H 2L9, Canada; Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 2M1, Canada.
| | - Daniel E Kaufmann
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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5
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Nicolas A, Sannier G, Dubé M, Nayrac M, Tauzin A, Painter MM, Goel RR, Laporte M, Gendron-Lepage G, Medjahed H, Williams JC, Brassard N, Niessl J, Gokool L, Morrisseau C, Arlotto P, Tremblay C, Martel-Laferrière V, Finzi A, Greenplate AR, Wherry EJ, Kaufmann DE. An extended SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine prime-boost interval enhances B cell immunity with limited impact on T cells. iScience 2023; 26:105904. [PMID: 36594081 PMCID: PMC9797215 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Spacing the first two doses of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines beyond 3-4 weeks raised initial concerns about vaccine efficacy. While studies have since shown that long-interval regimens induce robust antibody responses, their impact on B and T cell immunity is poorly known. Here, we compare SARS-CoV-2 naive donors B and T cell responses to two mRNA vaccine doses administered 3-4 versus 16 weeks apart. After boost, the longer interval results in a higher magnitude and a more mature phenotype of RBD-specific B cells. While the two geographically distinct cohorts present quantitative and qualitative differences in T cell responses at baseline and after priming, the second dose led to convergent features with overall similar magnitude, phenotype, and function of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses at post-boost memory time points. Therefore, compared to standard regimens, a 16-week interval has a favorable impact on the B cell compartment but minimally affects T cell immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Nicolas
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9 Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Gérémy Sannier
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9 Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Mathieu Dubé
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9 Canada
| | - Manon Nayrac
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9 Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Alexandra Tauzin
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9 Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Mark M. Painter
- Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Immune Health®, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Rishi R. Goel
- Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Immune Health®, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | | | | | | | - Justine C. Williams
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | | | - Julia Niessl
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9 Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Laurie Gokool
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9 Canada
| | | | | | - Cécile Tremblay
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9 Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Valérie Martel-Laferrière
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9 Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Andrés Finzi
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9 Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Allison R. Greenplate
- Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Immune Health®, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - E. John Wherry
- Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Immune Health®, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Daniel E. Kaufmann
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9 Canada
- Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Lausanne and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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6
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Brunet-Ratnasingham E, Morou A, Dubé M, Niessl J, Baxter AE, Tastet O, Brassard N, Ortega-Delgado G, Charlebois R, Freeman GJ, Tremblay C, Routy JP, Kaufmann DE. Immune checkpoint expression on HIV-specific CD4+ T cells and response to their blockade are dependent on lineage and function. EBioMedicine 2022; 84:104254. [PMID: 36150362 PMCID: PMC9508408 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) partially reverses the dysfunctional state of antigen-specific T cell in chronic infections. However, its impact on the diverse subsets of CD4+ T cells in humans is largely unknown. Methods We examined immune checkpoint (IC) expression and function in HIV-specific CD4+ T cells of viremic individuals (≥5000 vRNA cp/ml, n = 17) prior to ART and persons with spontaneous (n = 11) or therapy-induced (n = 16) viral suppression (<40 cp/ml). We investigated IC patterns associated with exhaustion-related transcription factors and chemokine receptors using activation-induced marker assays. We determined effector functions representative of TFH, TH1, and TH17/TH22 using RNA flow cytometric fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). We compared increase in cytokine expression upon ICB across functions and patient status. Findings Expression of dysfunction-related molecules, such as transcription factors and ICs PD-1, TIGIT, and CD200, followed a hierarchy associated with infection status and effector profile. In vitro responsiveness to PD-L1 blockade varied with defined functions rather than IC levels: frequencies of cells with TH1- and TH17/TH22-, but not TFH-related functions, increased. Cells co-expressing TH1 and TFH functions showed response to ICB, suggesting that the cell's state rather than function dictates responsiveness to PD-L1 blockade. Response to PD-L1 blockade was strongest in viremic participants and reduced after ART initiation. Interpretation Our data highlight a polarization-specific regulation of IC expression and differing sensitivities of antigen-specific T helper subsets to PD-1-mediated inhibition. This heterogeneity may direct and constrain ICB efficacy in restoring CD4+ T cell function in HIV infection and other diseases. Funding NIH, CIHR, CFI, FRQS
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsa Brunet-Ratnasingham
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Antigoni Morou
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mathieu Dubé
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Julia Niessl
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Amy E Baxter
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Olivier Tastet
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Nathalie Brassard
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Gloria Ortega-Delgado
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Roxanne Charlebois
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Gordon J Freeman
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Cécile Tremblay
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jean-Pierre Routy
- Chronic Viral Illnesses Service and Division of Hematology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Daniel E Kaufmann
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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7
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Simard M, Dubé M, Sirois C. 363 - La multimorbidité survient 5 à 10 ans plus tôt en milieu défavorisé. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.respe.2022.06.189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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8
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Nayrac M, Dubé M, Sannier G, Nicolas A, Marchitto L, Tastet O, Tauzin A, Brassard N, Lima-Barbosa R, Beaudoin-Bussières G, Vézina D, Gong SY, Benlarbi M, Gasser R, Laumaea A, Prévost J, Bourassa C, Gendron-Lepage G, Medjahed H, Goyette G, Ortega-Delgado GG, Laporte M, Niessl J, Gokool L, Morrisseau C, Arlotto P, Richard J, Bélair J, Prat A, Tremblay C, Martel-Laferrière V, Finzi A, Kaufmann DE. Temporal associations of B and T cell immunity with robust vaccine responsiveness in a 16-week interval BNT162b2 regimen. Cell Rep 2022; 39:111013. [PMID: 35732172 PMCID: PMC9189142 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Spacing of BNT162b2 mRNA doses beyond 3 weeks raises concerns about vaccine efficacy. We longitudinally analyze B cell, T cell, and humoral responses to two BNT162b2 mRNA doses administered 16 weeks apart in 53 SARS-CoV-2 naive and previously infected donors. This regimen elicits robust RBD-specific B cell responses whose kinetics differs between cohorts, the second dose leading to increased magnitude in naive participants only. While boosting does not increase magnitude of CD4+ T cell responses further compared with the first dose, unsupervised clustering of single-cell features reveals phenotypic and functional shifts over time and between cohorts. Integrated analysis shows longitudinal immune component-specific associations, with early T helper responses post first dose correlating with B cell responses after the second dose, and memory T helper generated between doses correlating with CD8 T cell responses after boosting. Therefore, boosting elicits a robust cellular recall response after the 16-week interval, indicating functional immune memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manon Nayrac
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Mathieu Dubé
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Gérémy Sannier
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Alexandre Nicolas
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Lorie Marchitto
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Olivier Tastet
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Alexandra Tauzin
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | | | | | - Guillaume Beaudoin-Bussières
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Dani Vézina
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Shang Yu Gong
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Mehdi Benlarbi
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Romain Gasser
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Annemarie Laumaea
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Jérémie Prévost
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Julia Niessl
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Laurie Gokool
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | | | | | - Jonathan Richard
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Justin Bélair
- Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Alexandre Prat
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Départment of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Cécile Tremblay
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Valérie Martel-Laferrière
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Andrés Finzi
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada.
| | - Daniel E Kaufmann
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada.
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9
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Tauzin A, Gong SY, Beaudoin-Bussières G, Vézina D, Gasser R, Nault L, Marchitto L, Benlarbi M, Chatterjee D, Nayrac M, Laumaea A, Prévost J, Boutin M, Sannier G, Nicolas A, Bourassa C, Gendron-Lepage G, Medjahed H, Goyette G, Bo Y, Perreault J, Gokool L, Morrisseau C, Arlotto P, Bazin R, Dubé M, De Serres G, Brousseau N, Richard J, Rovito R, Côté M, Tremblay C, Marchetti GC, Duerr R, Martel-Laferrière V, Kaufmann DE, Finzi A. Strong humoral immune responses against SARS-CoV-2 Spike after BNT162b2 mRNA vaccination with a 16-week interval between doses. Cell Host Microbe 2022; 30:97-109.e5. [PMID: 34953513 PMCID: PMC8639412 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2021.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The standard regimen of the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine for SARS-CoV-2 includes two doses administered three weeks apart. However, some public health authorities spaced these doses, raising questions about efficacy. We analyzed longitudinal humoral responses against the D614G strain and variants of concern for SARS-CoV-2 in a cohort of SARS-CoV-2-naive and previously infected individuals who received the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine with sixteen weeks between doses. While administering a second dose to previously infected individuals did not significantly improve humoral responses, these responses significantly increased in naive individuals after a 16-week spaced second dose, achieving similar levels as in previously infected individuals. Comparing these responses to those elicited in individuals receiving a short (4-week) dose interval showed that a 16-week interval induced more robust responses among naive vaccinees. These findings suggest that a longer interval between vaccine doses does not compromise efficacy and may allow greater flexibility in vaccine administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Tauzin
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Shang Yu Gong
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Guillaume Beaudoin-Bussières
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Dani Vézina
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Romain Gasser
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Lauriane Nault
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Lorie Marchitto
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Mehdi Benlarbi
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | | | - Manon Nayrac
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Annemarie Laumaea
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Jérémie Prévost
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Marianne Boutin
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Gérémy Sannier
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Alexandre Nicolas
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | - Yuxia Bo
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, and Center for Infection, Immunity, and Inflammation, University of Ottawa, Ottawa ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Josée Perreault
- Héma-Québec, Affaires Médicales et Innovation, Quebec QC G1V 5C3, Canada
| | - Laurie Gokool
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | | | | | - Renée Bazin
- Héma-Québec, Affaires Médicales et Innovation, Quebec QC G1V 5C3, Canada
| | - Mathieu Dubé
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Gaston De Serres
- Institut National de Santé Publique du Québec, Quebec QC H2P 1E2, Canada
| | - Nicholas Brousseau
- Institut National de Santé Publique du Québec, Quebec QC H2P 1E2, Canada
| | - Jonathan Richard
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Roberta Rovito
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Department of Health Sciences, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Marceline Côté
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, and Center for Infection, Immunity, and Inflammation, University of Ottawa, Ottawa ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Cécile Tremblay
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Giulia C Marchetti
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Department of Health Sciences, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Ralf Duerr
- Department of Microbiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Valérie Martel-Laferrière
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada.
| | - Daniel E Kaufmann
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada.
| | - Andrés Finzi
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada.
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10
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Dubé M, Kaufmann DE. Single-Cell Multiparametric Analysis of Rare HIV-Infected Cells Identified by Duplexed RNAflow-FISH. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2407:291-313. [PMID: 34985672 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1871-4_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
HIV-infected cells are difficult to characterize in vivo because of their great paucity and their diversity. This chapter describes a duplexed flow cytometry method that enables detection, quantification and phenotyping of these rare cells at single-cell resolution. Primary CD4+ T cells are enriched from PBMCs, stained for surface and intracellular proteins and then subjected to fluorescent in situ hybridization to label viral RNA before acquisition on a flow cytometer. Technical and analytical advices are provided to improve the quality of the data. This flow cytometric RNA fluorescent in situ hybridization (RNAflow-FISH) procedure can be applied to the characterization of both HIV-infected cells from viremic people living with HIV and reactivated viral reservoirs from virally suppressed individuals on therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Dubé
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Daniel E Kaufmann
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada.
- Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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11
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Nayrac M, Dubé M, Sannier G, Nicolas A, Marchitto L, Tastet O, Tauzin A, Brassard N, Beaudoin-Bussières G, Vézina D, Gong SY, Benlarbi M, Gasser R, Laumaea A, Bourassa C, Gendron-Lepage G, Medjahed H, Goyette G, Ortega-Delgado GG, Laporte M, Niessl J, Gokool L, Morrisseau C, Arlotto P, Richard J, Tremblay C, Martel-Laferrière V, Finzi A, Kaufmann DE. Temporal associations of B and T cell immunity with robust vaccine responsiveness in a 16-week interval BNT162b2 regimen. bioRxiv 2021:2021.12.18.473317. [PMID: 34981046 PMCID: PMC8722583 DOI: 10.1101/2021.12.18.473317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Spacing of the BNT162b2 mRNA doses beyond 3 weeks raised concerns about vaccine efficacy. We longitudinally analyzed B cell, T cell and humoral responses to two BNT162b2 mRNA doses administered 16 weeks apart in 53 SARS-CoV-2 naïve and previously-infected donors. This regimen elicited robust RBD-specific B cell responses whose kinetics differed between cohorts, the second dose leading to increased magnitude in naïve participants only. While boosting did not increase magnitude of CD4 + T cell responses further compared to the first dose, unsupervised clustering analyses of single-cell features revealed phenotypic and functional shifts over time and between cohorts. Integrated analysis showed longitudinal immune component-specific associations, with early Thelper responses post-first dose correlating with B cell responses after the second dose, and memory Thelper generated between doses correlating with CD8 T cell responses after boosting. Therefore, boosting elicits a robust cellular recall response after the 16-week interval, indicating functional immune memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manon Nayrac
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montréal, QC, H2X 0A9 Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Mathieu Dubé
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montréal, QC, H2X 0A9 Canada
| | - Gérémy Sannier
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montréal, QC, H2X 0A9 Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Alexandre Nicolas
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montréal, QC, H2X 0A9 Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Lorie Marchitto
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montréal, QC, H2X 0A9 Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Olivier Tastet
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montréal, QC, H2X 0A9 Canada
| | - Alexandra Tauzin
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montréal, QC, H2X 0A9 Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada
| | | | - Guillaume Beaudoin-Bussières
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montréal, QC, H2X 0A9 Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Dani Vézina
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montréal, QC, H2X 0A9 Canada
| | - Shang Yu Gong
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montréal, QC, H2X 0A9 Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Mehdi Benlarbi
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montréal, QC, H2X 0A9 Canada
| | - Romain Gasser
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montréal, QC, H2X 0A9 Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Annemarie Laumaea
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montréal, QC, H2X 0A9 Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Julia Niessl
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montréal, QC, H2X 0A9 Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada
- Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Laurie Gokool
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montréal, QC, H2X 0A9 Canada
| | | | | | - Jonathan Richard
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montréal, QC, H2X 0A9 Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Cécile Tremblay
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montréal, QC, H2X 0A9 Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Valérie Martel-Laferrière
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montréal, QC, H2X 0A9 Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Andrés Finzi
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montréal, QC, H2X 0A9 Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Daniel E. Kaufmann
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montréal, QC, H2X 0A9 Canada
- Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), La Jolla, CA, USA
- Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, H3T 1J4, Canada
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Brunet-Ratnasingham E, Anand SP, Gantner P, Dyachenko A, Moquin-Beaudry G, Brassard N, Beaudoin-Bussières G, Pagliuzza A, Gasser R, Benlarbi M, Point F, Prévost J, Laumaea A, Niessl J, Nayrac M, Sannier G, Orban C, Messier-Peet M, Butler-Laporte G, Morrison DR, Zhou S, Nakanishi T, Boutin M, Descôteaux-Dinelle J, Gendron-Lepage G, Goyette G, Bourassa C, Medjahed H, Laurent L, Rébillard RM, Richard J, Dubé M, Fromentin R, Arbour N, Prat A, Larochelle C, Durand M, Richards JB, Chassé M, Tétreault M, Chomont N, Finzi A, Kaufmann DE. Integrated immunovirological profiling validates plasma SARS-CoV-2 RNA as an early predictor of COVID-19 mortality. Sci Adv 2021; 7:eabj5629. [PMID: 34826237 PMCID: PMC8626074 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abj5629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Despite advances in COVID-19 management, identifying patients evolving toward death remains challenging. To identify early predictors of mortality within 60 days of symptom onset (DSO), we performed immunovirological assessments on plasma from 279 individuals. On samples collected at DSO11 in a discovery cohort, high severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) viral RNA (vRNA), low receptor binding domain–specific immunoglobulin G and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity, and elevated cytokines and tissue injury markers were strongly associated with mortality, including in patients on mechanical ventilation. A three-variable model of vRNA, with predefined adjustment by age and sex, robustly identified patients with fatal outcome (adjusted hazard ratio for log-transformed vRNA = 3.5). This model remained robust in independent validation and confirmation cohorts. Since plasma vRNA’s predictive accuracy was maintained at earlier time points, its quantitation can help us understand disease heterogeneity and identify patients who may benefit from new therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsa Brunet-Ratnasingham
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Sai Priya Anand
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Pierre Gantner
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Alina Dyachenko
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Gaël Moquin-Beaudry
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neuroscience, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Nathalie Brassard
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Guillaume Beaudoin-Bussières
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Amélie Pagliuzza
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Romain Gasser
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Mehdi Benlarbi
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Floriane Point
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Jérémie Prévost
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Annemarie Laumaea
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Julia Niessl
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Manon Nayrac
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Gérémy Sannier
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Catherine Orban
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Marc Messier-Peet
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
- Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Guillaume Butler-Laporte
- Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - David R. Morrison
- Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Sirui Zhou
- Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Tomoko Nakanishi
- Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Kyoto-McGill International Collaborative School in Genomic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, 5-3-1 Kojimachi, Chiyoda-ku, 102-0083 Tokyo, Japan
| | - Marianne Boutin
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Jade Descôteaux-Dinelle
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Gabrielle Gendron-Lepage
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Guillaume Goyette
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Catherine Bourassa
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Halima Medjahed
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Laetitia Laurent
- Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Rose-Marie Rébillard
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neuroscience, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Jonathan Richard
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Mathieu Dubé
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Rémi Fromentin
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Nathalie Arbour
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neuroscience, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Alexandre Prat
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neuroscience, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Catherine Larochelle
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neuroscience, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Madeleine Durand
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
- Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - J. Brent Richards
- Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Twin Research, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Michaël Chassé
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
- Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Martine Tétreault
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neuroscience, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Nicolas Chomont
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Corresponding author. (N.C.); (A.F.); (D.E.K.)
| | - Andrés Finzi
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Corresponding author. (N.C.); (A.F.); (D.E.K.)
| | - Daniel E. Kaufmann
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
- Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Corresponding author. (N.C.); (A.F.); (D.E.K.)
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Dubé M, Ducroux C, Romanelli G, Gioia L. PREDICTORS OF STROKE IN PATIENTS ON ORAL ANTICOAGULANT: AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY. Can J Cardiol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2021.07.229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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14
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Niessl J, Baxter AE, Morou A, Brunet-Ratnasingham E, Sannier G, Gendron-Lepage G, Richard J, Delgado GG, Brassard N, Turcotte I, Fromentin R, Bernard NF, Chomont N, Routy JP, Dubé M, Finzi A, Kaufmann DE. Persistent expansion and Th1-like skewing of HIV-specific circulating T follicular helper cells during antiretroviral therapy. EBioMedicine 2020; 54:102727. [PMID: 32268275 PMCID: PMC7136607 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2020.102727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Untreated HIV infection leads to alterations in HIV-specific CD4+ T cells including increased expression of co-inhibitory receptors (IRs) and skewing toward a T follicular helper cell (Tfh) signature. However, which changes are maintained after suppression of viral replication with antiretroviral therapy (ART) is poorly known. Methods We analyzed blood CD4+ T cells specific to HIV and comparative viral antigens in ART-treated people using a cytokine-independent activation-induced marker assay alone or in combination with functional readouts. Findings In intra-individual comparisons, HIV-specific CD4+ T cells were characterized by a larger fraction of circulating Tfh (cTfh) cells than CMV- and HBV-specific cells and preferentially expressed multiple IRs and showed elevated production of the Tfh cytokines CXCL13 and IL-21. In addition, HIV-specific cTfh exhibited a predominant Th1-like phenotype and function when compared to cTfh of other specificities, contrasting with a reduction in Th1-functions in HIV-specific non-cTfh. Using longitudinal samples, we demonstrate that this distinct HIV-specific cTfh profile was induced during chronic untreated HIV infection, persisted on ART and correlated with the translation-competent HIV reservoir but not with the total HIV DNA reservoir. Interpretation Expansion and altered features of HIV-specific cTfh cells are maintained during ART and may be driven by persistent HIV antigen expression. Funding This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health (NIH), the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) and the FRQS AIDS and Infectious Diseases Network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Niessl
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM) and Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada; Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Amy E Baxter
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM) and Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada; Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Antigoni Morou
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM) and Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Elsa Brunet-Ratnasingham
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM) and Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Gérémy Sannier
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM) and Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Gabrielle Gendron-Lepage
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM) and Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jonathan Richard
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM) and Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Gloria-Gabrielle Delgado
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM) and Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Nathalie Brassard
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM) and Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Isabelle Turcotte
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM) and Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Rémi Fromentin
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM) and Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Nicole F Bernard
- Chronic Viral Illnesses Service and Division of Hematology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Nicolas Chomont
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM) and Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jean-Pierre Routy
- Chronic Viral Illnesses Service and Division of Hematology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada; Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Mathieu Dubé
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM) and Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Andrés Finzi
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM) and Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Daniel E Kaufmann
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM) and Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada; Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), La Jolla, CA, United States.
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15
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Prévost J, Edgar CR, Richard J, Trothen SM, Jacob RA, Mumby MJ, Pickering S, Dubé M, Kaufmann DE, Kirchhoff F, Neil SJD, Finzi A, Dikeakos JD. HIV-1 Vpu Downregulates Tim-3 from the Surface of Infected CD4 + T Cells. J Virol 2020; 94:e01999-19. [PMID: 31941771 PMCID: PMC7081912 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01999-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Along with other immune checkpoints, T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein 3 (Tim-3) is expressed on exhausted CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and is upregulated on the surface of these cells upon infection by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Recent reports have suggested an antiviral role for Tim-3. However, the molecular determinants of HIV-1 which modulate cell surface Tim-3 levels have yet to be determined. Here, we demonstrate that HIV-1 Vpu downregulates Tim-3 from the surface of infected primary CD4+ T cells, thus attenuating HIV-1-induced upregulation of Tim-3. We also provide evidence that the transmembrane domain of Vpu is required for Tim-3 downregulation. Using immunofluorescence microscopy, we determined that Vpu is in close proximity to Tim-3 and alters its subcellular localization by directing it to Rab 5-positive (Rab 5+) vesicles and targeting it for sequestration within the trans- Golgi network (TGN). Intriguingly, Tim-3 knockdown and Tim-3 blockade increased HIV-1 replication in primary CD4+ T cells, thereby suggesting that Tim-3 expression might represent a natural immune mechanism limiting viral spread.IMPORTANCE HIV infection modulates the surface expression of Tim-3, but the molecular determinants remain poorly understood. Here, we show that HIV-1 Vpu downregulates Tim-3 from the surface of infected primary CD4+ T cells through its transmembrane domain and alters its subcellular localization. Tim-3 blockade increases HIV-1 replication, suggesting a potential negative role of this protein in viral spread that is counteracted by Vpu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérémie Prévost
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Cassandra R Edgar
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jonathan Richard
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Steven M Trothen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rajesh Abraham Jacob
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mitchell J Mumby
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Suzanne Pickering
- Department of Infectious Disease, King's College London School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mathieu Dubé
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Daniel E Kaufmann
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Frank Kirchhoff
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Stuart J D Neil
- Department of Infectious Disease, King's College London School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Andrés Finzi
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jimmy D Dikeakos
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
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16
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Abstract
The need for definitive answers probably explains our natural tendency to seek simplicity. The reductionist “bulk” approach, in which a mean behavior is attributed to a heterogeneous cell population, fulfills this need by considerably helping the conceptualization of complex biological processes. However, the limits of this methodology are becoming increasingly clear as models seek to explain biological events occurring in vivo, where heterogeneity is the rule. Research in the HIV-1 field is no exception: the challenges encountered in the development of preventive and curative anti-HIV-1 strategies may well originate in part from inadequate assumptions built on bulk technologies, highlighting the need for new perspectives. The emergence of diverse single-cell technologies set the stage for potential breakthrough discoveries, as heterogeneous processes can now be investigated with an unprecedented depth in topics as diverse as HIV-1 tropism, dynamics of the replication cycle, latency, viral reservoirs and immune control. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the HIV-1 field made possible by single-cell technologies, and contextualize their importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gérémy Sannier
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Microbiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Mathieu Dubé
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Daniel E Kaufmann
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (Scripps CHAVD), La Jolla, CA, United States
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17
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Kaufmann D, Sannier G, Dubé M, Brassard N, Delgado G, Baxter A, Routy J, Chomont N. Single-cell multiplexed RNA flow-FISH analysis of primary human samples reveals distinct VR reactivation profiles among LRA classes and curtailed VR transcriptional and translational reactivation patterns by HDAC inhibitors. J Virus Erad 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s2055-6640(20)30149-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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18
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Dubé M, Auclair J, Hanana H, Turcotte P, Gagnon C, Gagné F. Gene expression changes and toxicity of selected rare earth elements in rainbow trout juveniles. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2019; 223:88-95. [PMID: 31154023 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2019.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Rare earth elements (REEs) are increasingly used in electronics industry and other areas of our economy and questions were raised about their impacts to the environment. The purpose of this study was to examine the lethal and sublethal toxicity of REEs in juvenile rainbow (Oncorhynchus mykiss) trout. The fish were exposed to increasing concentrations (0.064, 0.32, 1.6, 8 and 40 mg/L) of the following 7 REEs for 96 h at 15 °C: cerium (CeCl3), erbium (ErCl3), gadolinium (GdCl3), lanthanum (LaCl3), neodymium (NdCl3), samarium (SmCl3) and yttrium (YCl3). The mortality were determined and in the surviving fish, 10 target gene transcripts were measured in the liver to track changes in oxidative stress, DNA repair, tissue growth/proliferation, protein chaperoning, xenobiotic biotransformation and ammonia metabolism. The data revealed that Y, Sm, Er and Gd formed a distinct group based on toxicity (mortality) and gene expression changes. Electronegativity was significantly correlated (r = -0.8, p < 0.01) with the lethal concentration (LC50). Gene expression changes occurred at concentration circa 120 times lower than the LC50 and the following transcripts in protein chaperoning (heat shock proteins), DNA repair (growth arrest DNA Damage) and CYP1A1 gene expression involved in the metabolism of coplanar aromatic hydrocarbons were involved. In conclusion, the study revealed that the more electronegative REEs were the most toxic to trout juveniles and produced sublethal effects at concentrations 2 orders of magnitude lower than the lethal concentrations. The toxicity of REEs depends on the elements were toxicity involves specific pathways at the gene expression level.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Dubé
- Aquatic Contaminants Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, 105 McGill, Montréal H2Y 2E7, Québec, Canada
| | - J Auclair
- Aquatic Contaminants Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, 105 McGill, Montréal H2Y 2E7, Québec, Canada
| | - H Hanana
- Aquatic Contaminants Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, 105 McGill, Montréal H2Y 2E7, Québec, Canada
| | - P Turcotte
- Aquatic Contaminants Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, 105 McGill, Montréal H2Y 2E7, Québec, Canada
| | - C Gagnon
- Aquatic Contaminants Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, 105 McGill, Montréal H2Y 2E7, Québec, Canada
| | - F Gagné
- Aquatic Contaminants Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, 105 McGill, Montréal H2Y 2E7, Québec, Canada.
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19
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Morou A, Brunet-Ratnasingham E, Dubé M, Charlebois R, Mercier E, Darko S, Brassard N, Nganou-Makamdop K, Arumugam S, Gendron-Lepage G, Yang L, Niessl J, Baxter AE, Billingsley JM, Rajakumar PA, Lefebvre F, Johnson RP, Tremblay C, Routy JP, Wyatt RT, Finzi A, Douek DC, Kaufmann DE. Altered differentiation is central to HIV-specific CD4 + T cell dysfunction in progressive disease. Nat Immunol 2019; 20:1059-1070. [PMID: 31308541 PMCID: PMC6642691 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-019-0418-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Dysfunction of virus-specific CD4+ T cells in chronic human infections is poorly understood. We performed genome-wide transcriptional analyses and functional assays of CD4+ T cells specific for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) from HIV-infected people before and after initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART). A follicular helper T cell (TFH cell)-like profile characterized HIV-specific CD4+ T cells in viremic infection. HIV-specific CD4+ T cells from people spontaneously controlling the virus (elite controllers) robustly expressed genes associated with the TH1, TH17 and TH22 subsets of helper T cells. Viral suppression by ART resulted in a distinct transcriptional landscape, with a reduction in the expression of genes associated with TFH cells, but persistently low expression of genes associated with TH1, TH17 and TH22 cells compared to the elite controller profile. Thus, altered differentiation is central to the impairment of HIV-specific CD4+ T cells and involves both gain of function and loss of function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antigoni Morou
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Elsa Brunet-Ratnasingham
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mathieu Dubé
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Roxanne Charlebois
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Eloi Mercier
- Canadian Centre for Computational Genomics-Montréal Node, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sam Darko
- Human Immunology Section, Vaccine Research Center, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Nathalie Brassard
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Sahaana Arumugam
- Human Immunology Section, Vaccine Research Center, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Gabrielle Gendron-Lepage
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Lifei Yang
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Julia Niessl
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Amy E Baxter
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery, La Jolla, CA, USA
- University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - James M Billingsley
- Yerkes National Primate Research Center and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - François Lefebvre
- Canadian Centre for Computational Genomics-Montréal Node, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - R Paul Johnson
- Yerkes National Primate Research Center and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Cécile Tremblay
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jean-Pierre Routy
- Chronic Viral Illnesses Service and Division of Hematology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Richard T Wyatt
- Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Andrés Finzi
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Daniel C Douek
- Human Immunology Section, Vaccine Research Center, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Daniel E Kaufmann
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
- Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
- Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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Prévost J, Pickering S, Mumby MJ, Medjahed H, Gendron-Lepage G, Delgado GG, Dirk BS, Dikeakos JD, Stürzel CM, Sauter D, Kirchhoff F, Bibollet-Ruche F, Hahn BH, Dubé M, Kaufmann DE, Neil SJD, Finzi A, Richard J. Upregulation of BST-2 by Type I Interferons Reduces the Capacity of Vpu To Protect HIV-1-Infected Cells from NK Cell Responses. mBio 2019; 10:e01113-19. [PMID: 31213558 PMCID: PMC6581860 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01113-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The HIV-1 accessory protein Vpu enhances viral release by counteracting the restriction factor BST-2. Furthermore, Vpu promotes NK cell evasion by downmodulating cell surface NTB-A and PVR, known ligands of the NK cell receptors NTB-A and DNAM-1, respectively. While it has been established that Vpu's transmembrane domain (TMD) is required for the interaction and intracellular sequestration of BST-2, NTB-A, and PVR, it remains unclear how Vpu manages to target these proteins simultaneously. In this study, we show that upon upregulation, BST-2 is preferentially downregulated by Vpu over its other TMD substrates. We found that type I interferon (IFN)-mediated BST-2 upregulation greatly impairs the ability of Vpu to downregulate NTB-A and PVR. Our results suggest that occupation of Vpu by BST-2 affects its ability to downregulate other TMD substrates. Accordingly, knockdown of BST-2 increases Vpu's potency to downmodulate NTB-A and PVR in the presence of type I IFN treatment. Moreover, we show that expression of human BST-2, but not that of the macaque orthologue, decreases Vpu's capacity to downregulate NTB-A. Importantly, we show that type I IFNs efficiently sensitize HIV-1-infected cells to NTB-A- and DNAM-1-mediated direct and antibody-dependent NK cell responses. Altogether, our results reveal that type I IFNs decrease Vpu's polyfunctionality, thus reducing its capacity to protect HIV-1-infected cells from NK cell responses.IMPORTANCE The restriction factor BST-2 and the NK cell ligands NTB-A and PVR are among a growing list of membrane proteins found to be downregulated by HIV-1 Vpu. BST-2 antagonism enhances viral release, while NTB-A and PVR downmodulation contributes to NK cell evasion. However, it remains unclear how Vpu can target multiple cellular factors simultaneously. Here we provide evidence that under physiological conditions, BST-2 is preferentially targeted by Vpu over NTB-A and PVR. Specifically, we show that type I IFNs decrease Vpu's polyfunctionality by upregulating BST-2, thus reducing its capacity to protect HIV-1-infected cells from NK cell responses. This indicates that there is a hierarchy of Vpu substrates upon IFN treatment, revealing that for the virus, targeting BST-2 as part of its resistance to IFN takes precedence over evading NK cell responses. This reveals a potential weakness in HIV-1's immunoevasion mechanisms that may be exploited therapeutically to harness NK cell responses against HIV-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérémie Prévost
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Suzanne Pickering
- Department of Infectious Disease, King's College London School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mitchell J Mumby
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Brennan S Dirk
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jimmy D Dikeakos
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Christina M Stürzel
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Daniel Sauter
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Frank Kirchhoff
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Frederic Bibollet-Ruche
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Beatrice H Hahn
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mathieu Dubé
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Daniel E Kaufmann
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Stuart J D Neil
- Department of Infectious Disease, King's College London School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Andrés Finzi
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jonathan Richard
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
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Brunet-Ratnasingham E, Dubé M, Kaufmann DE. Targeting Mitochondria to Revive Dysfunctional Regulatory T Cells. Trends Mol Med 2018; 25:1-3. [PMID: 30473188 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2018.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Immunometabolism is important to T cell dysfunction in chronic infections. A recent publication in The Journal of Clinical Investigation (2018;128:5083-5094) [1] shows reduced mitochondrial fitness in regulatory CD4+ T cells (Tregs) of patients with HIV and failed immune restoration on antiretroviral therapy (ART). This defect can be reversed by IL-15, revealing a new immunotherapy target for regulatory T cell restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsa Brunet-Ratnasingham
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada; Department of Microbiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Mathieu Dubé
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Daniel E Kaufmann
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada; Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.
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22
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Lévesque B, Huppé V, Dubé M, Fachehoun RC. Impact of indoor air quality on respiratory health: results of a local survey on housing environment. Public Health 2018; 163:76-79. [PMID: 30103087 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2018.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The 'Mon habitat: plus qu'un simple toit' (MHPQST) survey was designed to identify public health risks and priorities for local decision makers in relation to housing. The aims of the present study were to describe the exposure of households to indoor air contaminants and to verify the relationship between these contaminants and respiratory symptoms/diseases. STUDY DESIGN This is a cross-sectional study. METHODS MHPQST was conducted in Baie-Saint-Paul, a French Canadian municipality (7000 inhabitants) using a protocol adapted from the 'Large Analysis and Review of European Housing and Health Status' study performed in Europe in 2002-2003. Households were selected from two sectors (less favorable and more favorable). Data collection was achieved using three tools (two questionnaires and one inspection grid). Indoor air variables were analyzed in relation to respiratory symptoms/diseases using logistic regression models adjusted for age, gender, income, smoking status, and proximity. RESULTS A total of 161 dwellings (294 inhabitants) participated in the survey. Presence of mold on walls, ceilings, or floors was detected by the investigators in 21% of the dwellings. Nearly half of the households were in contact with a pet at home and 12% with environmental tobacco smoke. Exposure to these three determinants was significantly associated with certain respiratory symptoms/diseases. CONCLUSION Molds, pets at home, and environmental tobacco smoke are environmental determinants that were associated with respiratory health in the present survey. These results enabled sensitizing local stakeholders regarding the importance of indoor air quality for the respiratory health of their population.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Lévesque
- Institut national de santé publique du Québec, 945 Ave. Wolfe, Québec City, Québec, G1V 5B3, Canada.
| | - V Huppé
- Institut national de santé publique du Québec, 945 Ave. Wolfe, Québec City, Québec, G1V 5B3, Canada.
| | - M Dubé
- Institut national de santé publique du Québec, 945 Ave. Wolfe, Québec City, Québec, G1V 5B3, Canada.
| | - R C Fachehoun
- Institut national de santé publique du Québec, 945 Ave. Wolfe, Québec City, Québec, G1V 5B3, Canada; Centre intégré de santé et des services sociaux de la Côte-Nord, 835 Boulevard Jolliet, Baie-Comeau, Québec, G5C 1P5, Canada.
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23
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Porichis F, Hart MG, Massa A, Everett HL, Morou A, Richard J, Brassard N, Veillette M, Hassan M, Ly NL, Routy JP, Freeman GJ, Dubé M, Finzi A, Kaufmann DE. Immune Checkpoint Blockade Restores HIV-Specific CD4 T Cell Help for NK Cells. J Immunol 2018; 201:971-981. [PMID: 29934472 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1701551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Immune exhaustion is an important feature of chronic infections, such as HIV, and a barrier to effective immunity against cancer. This dysfunction is in part controlled by inhibitory immune checkpoints. Blockade of the PD-1 or IL-10 pathways can reinvigorate HIV-specific CD4 T cell function in vitro, as measured by cytokine secretion and proliferative responses upon Ag stimulation. However, whether this restoration of HIV-specific CD4 T cells can improve help to other cell subsets impaired in HIV infection remains to be determined. In this study, we examine a cohort of chronically infected subjects prior to initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) and individuals with suppressed viral load on ART. We show that IFN-γ induction in NK cells upon PBMC stimulation by HIV Ag varies inversely with viremia and depends on HIV-specific CD4 T cell help. We demonstrate in both untreated and ART-suppressed individuals that dual PD-1 and IL-10 blockade enhances cytokine secretion of NK cells via restored HIV-specific CD4 T cell function, that soluble factors contribute to these immunotherapeutic effects, and that they depend on IL-2 and IL-12 signaling. Importantly, we show that inhibition of the PD-1 and IL-10 pathways also increases NK degranulation and killing of target cells. This study demonstrates a previously underappreciated relationship between CD4 T cell impairment and NK cell exhaustion in HIV infection, provides a proof of principle that reversal of adaptive immunity exhaustion can improve the innate immune response, and suggests that immune checkpoint modulation that improves CD4/NK cell cooperation can be used as adjuvant therapy in HIV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippos Porichis
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Meghan G Hart
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Alexandra Massa
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Holly L Everett
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Antigoni Morou
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Jonathan Richard
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Nathalie Brassard
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Maxime Veillette
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Muska Hassan
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Ngoc Le Ly
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Jean-Pierre Routy
- Chronic Viral Illnesses Service, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada.,Division of Hematology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Gordon J Freeman
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115.,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115; and
| | - Mathieu Dubé
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Andrés Finzi
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Daniel E Kaufmann
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H2X 0A9, Canada; .,Scripps Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery, La Jolla, CA 92037
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Shahabi P, Lamothe F, Dumas S, Asselin G, Lemieux Perreault L, Provost S, Zada YF, Perreault S, Dubé M. WARFARIN DOSE REQUIREMENT AND POLYMORPHISMS IN MICRORNA AND NUCLEAR RECEPTOR GENES. Can J Cardiol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2016.07.253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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26
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Le Coupanec A, Desforges M, Meessen-Pinard M, Dubé M, Day R, Seidah NG, Talbot PJ. Cleavage of a Neuroinvasive Human Respiratory Virus Spike Glycoprotein by Proprotein Convertases Modulates Neurovirulence and Virus Spread within the Central Nervous System. PLoS Pathog 2015; 11:e1005261. [PMID: 26545254 PMCID: PMC4636366 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1005261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Human coronaviruses (HCoV) are respiratory pathogens that may be associated with the development of neurological diseases, in view of their neuroinvasive and neurotropic properties. The viral spike (S) glycoprotein is a major virulence factor for several coronavirus species, including the OC43 strain of HCoV (HCoV-OC43). In an attempt to study the role of this protein in virus spread within the central nervous system (CNS) and neurovirulence, as well as to identify amino acid residues important for such functions, we compared the sequence of the S gene found in the laboratory reference strain HCoV-OC43 ATCC VR-759 to S sequences of viruses detected in clinical isolates from the human respiratory tract. We identified one predominant mutation at amino acid 758 (from RRSR↓ G758 to RRSR↓R758), which introduces a putative furin-like cleavage (↓) site. Using a molecular cDNA infectious clone to generate a corresponding recombinant virus, we show for the first time that such point mutation in the HCoV-OC43 S glycoprotein creates a functional cleavage site between the S1 and S2 portions of the S protein. While the corresponding recombinant virus retained its neuroinvasive properties, this mutation led to decreased neurovirulence while potentially modifying the mode of virus spread, likely leading to a limited dissemination within the CNS. Taken together, these results are consistent with the adaptation of HCoV-OC43 to the CNS environment, resulting from the selection of quasi-species harboring mutations that lead to amino acid changes in viral genes, like the S gene in HCoV-OC43, which may contribute to a more efficient establishment of a less pathogenic but persistent CNS infection. This adaptative mechanism could potentially be associated with human encephalitis or other neurological degenerative pathologies. Human coronaviruses (HCoV) are respiratory pathogens involved in a sizable proportion of common colds. They have over the years been associated with the development of neurological diseases, given their demonstrated neuroinvasive and neurotropic properties. The viral spike (S) glycoprotein appears to be associated with these neurologic features and is a major factor of virulence for several coronavirus species, including HCoV-OC43. To further characterize the role of this protein in neurovirulence and virus spread within the CNS, we sought to identify amino acid residues that may be important for this function. Our data revealed that one of them, G758R, introduces a functional furin-like cleavage site in the S protein (RRSR↓R758). This change in S protein mostly impacts neurovirulence, which seems associated with a modified viral dissemination, without significantly affecting its neuroinvasive capacity. This mutation, found in all characterized contemporary human clinical respiratory isolates, underlines previous findings that naturally existing field isolates of HCoV-OC43 variants still possess the capacity to invade the CNS where they could eventually adapt and establish a persistent human CNS infection, a mechanism potentially associated with human encephalitis or neurodegenerative pathologies of unknown etiologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alain Le Coupanec
- Laboratory of Neuroimmunovirology, INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier, Université du Québec, Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Marc Desforges
- Laboratory of Neuroimmunovirology, INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier, Université du Québec, Laval, Québec, Canada
- * E-mail: (MDe); (PJT)
| | - Mathieu Meessen-Pinard
- Laboratory of Neuroimmunovirology, INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier, Université du Québec, Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Mathieu Dubé
- Laboratory of Neuroimmunovirology, INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier, Université du Québec, Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Robert Day
- Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Faculté de Médecine et Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Nabil G. Seidah
- Laboratory of Biochemical Neuroendocrinology, Clinical Research Institute of Montreal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Pierre J. Talbot
- Laboratory of Neuroimmunovirology, INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier, Université du Québec, Laval, Québec, Canada
- * E-mail: (MDe); (PJT)
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Abstract
Alphaviruses such as chikungunya virus (CHIKV) and Semliki Forest virus (SFV) are small enveloped RNA viruses that bud from the plasma membrane. Tetherin/BST2 is an interferon-induced host membrane protein that inhibits the release of many enveloped viruses via direct tethering of budded particles to the cell surface. Alphaviruses have highly organized structures and exclude host membrane proteins from the site of budding, suggesting that their release might be insensitive to tetherin inhibition. Here, we demonstrated that exogenously-expressed tetherin efficiently inhibited the release of SFV and CHIKV particles from host cells without affecting virus entry and infection. Alphavirus release was also inhibited by the endogenous levels of tetherin in HeLa cells. While rubella virus (RuV) and dengue virus (DENV) have structural similarities to alphaviruses, tetherin inhibited the release of RuV but not DENV. We found that two recently identified tetherin isoforms differing in length at the N-terminus exhibited distinct capabilities in restricting alphavirus release. SFV exit was efficiently inhibited by the long isoform but not the short isoform of tetherin, while both isoforms inhibited vesicular stomatitis virus exit. Thus, in spite of the organized structure of the virus particle, tetherin specifically blocks alphavirus release and shows an interesting isoform requirement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaw Shin Ooi
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave., Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
| | - Mathieu Dubé
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave., Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
| | - Margaret Kielian
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave., Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
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Abstract
Rubella virus (RuV) infection of pregnant women can cause fetal death, miscarriage, or severe fetal malformations, and remains a significant health problem in much of the underdeveloped world. RuV is a small enveloped RNA virus that infects target cells by receptor-mediated endocytosis and low pH-dependent membrane fusion. The structure of the RuV E1 fusion protein was recently solved in its postfusion conformation. RuV E1 is a member of the class II fusion proteins and is structurally related to the alphavirus and flavivirus fusion proteins. Unlike the other known class II fusion proteins, however, RuV E1 contains two fusion loops, with a metal ion complexed between them by the polar residues N88 and D136. Here we demonstrated that RuV infection specifically requires Ca2+ during virus entry. Other tested cations did not substitute. Ca2+ was not required for virus binding to cell surface receptors, endocytic uptake, or formation of the low pH-dependent E1 homotrimer. However, Ca2+ was required for low pH-triggered E1 liposome insertion, virus fusion and infection. Alanine substitution of N88 or D136 was lethal. While the mutant viruses were efficiently assembled and endocytosed by host cells, E1-membrane insertion and fusion were specifically blocked. Together our data indicate that RuV E1 is the first example of a Ca2+-dependent viral fusion protein and has a unique membrane interaction mechanism. Rubella virus (RuV) is a small enveloped RNA virus causing mild disease in children. However, infection of pregnant women can produce fetal death or congenital rubella syndrome, a constellation of severe birth defects including cataracts, hearing loss, heart disease and developmental delays. While vaccination has greatly reduced disease in the developed world, rubella remains prevalent in developing countries and other undervaccinated populations. RuV infects cells by endocytic uptake and a low pH-triggered membrane fusion reaction mediated by the viral E1 protein. The postfusion structure of E1 revealed a metal ion complexed at the membrane-interacting tip of the protein. Here we demonstrated that RuV infection and fusion are completely dependent on calcium, which could not be replaced functionally by any other metal that was tested. In the absence of calcium, RuV entry and low pH-conformational changes were unchanged, but E1's interaction with the target membrane was specifically blocked. Mutations of the calcium-binding residues in E1 caused a similar inhibition of E1 membrane interaction, fusion and infection. Thus, RuV E1 is the first known example of a calcium-dependent virus fusion protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Dubé
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America
| | - Felix A. Rey
- Unité de Virologie Structurale, Institut Pasteur and CNRS UMR 3569, Paris, France
| | - Margaret Kielian
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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de Denus S, Mansour A, Lepage S, Leblanc M, Kouz S, Huynh T, Dion D, Dubé M, Phillips M, Turgeon J, Lavoie J, O'Meara E, Ducharme A, Guertin M, Racine N, Tardif J, Rouleau J, White M. Predictors of Neurohormonal and Hemodynamic Effects of Candesartan in Hf Patients Treated With an Ace Inhibitor. Can J Cardiol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2013.07.668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Dubé M, Paquay C, Roy BB, Bego MG, Mercier J, Cohen EA. HIV-1 Vpu antagonizes BST-2 by interfering mainly with the trafficking of newly synthesized BST-2 to the cell surface. Traffic 2011; 12:1714-29. [PMID: 21902775 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0854.2011.01277.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Bone marrow stromal cell antigen-2 (BST-2) inhibits human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) release by cross-linking nascent virions on infected cell surface. HIV-1 Vpu is thought to antagonize BST-2 by downregulating its surface levels via a mechanism that involves intracellular sequestration and lysosomal degradation. Here, we investigated the functional importance of cell-surface BST-2 downregulation and the BST-2 pools targeted by Vpu using an inducible proviral expression system. Vpu established a surface BST-2 equilibrium at ∼60% of its initial levels within 6 h, a condition that coincided with detection of viral release. Analysis of BST-2 post-endocytic trafficking revealed that the protein is engaged in a late endosomal pathway independent of Vpu. While Vpu moderately enhanced cell-surface BST-2 clearance, it strongly affected the protein resupply to the plasma membrane via newly synthesized proteins. Noticeably, Vpu affected clearance of surface BST-2 more substantially in Jurkat T cells than in HeLa cells, suggesting a cell-dependent impact of Vpu on the pool of surface BST-2. Collectively, our data reveal that Vpu imposes a new BST-2 equilibrium, incompatible with efficient restriction of HIV-1 release, by combining an acceleration of surface BST-2 natural clearance, whose degree might be cell-type dependent, to a severe impairment of the protein resupply to the plasma membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Dubé
- Laboratory of Human Retrovirology, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal, 110 avenue des Pins ouest, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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de Denus S, Phillps M, Dubé M, Turgeon J, Lavoie J, Guertin M, O'Meara E, Ducharme A, Racine N, Tardif J, Rouleau J, White M. 510 Baseline characteristics, hemodynamic, clinical and biochemical response to candesartan in a prospective, multicenter pharmacogenomic study of heart failure patients already receiving an ace inhibitor. Can J Cardiol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2011.07.428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022] Open
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Mechakra-Tahiri D, Dubé M, Zunzunegui M, Préville M. Trajectory and predictors of depressive disorder among community older adults, in Quebéc: A one-year follow-up study. Eur Psychiatry 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-9338(11)72263-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
IntroductionPast research has demonstrated the high prevalence of depression in elderly. However, the most of studies followed the symptom trajectory of individuals diagnosed with depression in a clinical setting and few longitudinal studies have characterized the patterns of depression in older adults population-based.ObjectiveTo describe changing of depressive disorder in an elderly population-based over a 12-month period and to examine the influence of medical and psychosocial factors on the outcome.MethodsData come from a longitudinal ESA Study (Enquête sur la Santé des Aînés) of elderly community persons (n = 2752). Depression, including major and minor depression, measured using the DSM-IV criteria. Generalized estimating equations (GEE) were used to assess relations between participant characteristics at baseline and depression, 12 months later.ResultsAmong the 164 (5.9%) participants, who are depressed at baseline, 19.5% were continuously ill cases and 80.4% had recovered, 12 months later. Multivariate analyses showed that the risk of depression over the 12-month period was higher among for participants who were separated; living in rural region; with a great number of daily hassles, with high level of stress intensity, great number of chronic disease and with fair/poor perception of mental health.ConclusionResults support the hypothesis about medical and psychosocial factors as predictors over time of depression, in old persons. Using readily available prognostic factors (for example, high level of stress intensity, living in rural region, great number of chronic disease) could help direct treatment to elderly at highest risk of a poor prognosis.
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Dubé M, Bego MG, Paquay C, Cohen ÉA. Modulation of HIV-1-host interaction: role of the Vpu accessory protein. Retrovirology 2010; 7:114. [PMID: 21176220 PMCID: PMC3022690 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-7-114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2010] [Accepted: 12/22/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Viral protein U (Vpu) is a type 1 membrane-associated accessory protein that is unique to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and a subset of related simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV). The Vpu protein encoded by HIV-1 is associated with two primary functions during the viral life cycle. First, it contributes to HIV-1-induced CD4 receptor downregulation by mediating the proteasomal degradation of newly synthesized CD4 molecules in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Second, it enhances the release of progeny virions from infected cells by antagonizing Tetherin, an interferon (IFN)-regulated host restriction factor that directly cross-links virions on host cell-surface. This review will mostly focus on recent advances on the role of Vpu in CD4 downregulation and Tetherin antagonism and will discuss how these two functions may have impacted primate immunodeficiency virus cross-species transmission and the emergence of pandemic strain of HIV-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Dubé
- Laboratory of Human Retrovirology, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, 110, Avenue des Pins Ouest, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H2W 1R7
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Dubé M, Bhusan Roy B, Guiot-Guillain P, Binette J, Mercier J, Chiasson A, Cohen ÉA. Antagonism of tetherin restriction of HIV-1 release by Vpu involves binding and sequestration of the restriction factor in a perinuclear compartment. PLoS Pathog 2010; 6:e1000856. [PMID: 20386718 PMCID: PMC2851737 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1000856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2009] [Accepted: 03/15/2010] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The Vpu accessory protein promotes HIV-1 release by counteracting Tetherin/BST-2, an interferon-regulated restriction factor, which retains virions at the cell-surface. Recent reports proposed β-TrCP-dependent proteasomal and/or endo-lysosomal degradation of Tetherin as potential mechanisms by which Vpu could down-regulate Tetherin cell-surface expression and antagonize this restriction. In all of these studies, Tetherin degradation did not, however, entirely account for Vpu anti-Tetherin activity. Here, we show that Vpu can promote HIV-1 release without detectably affecting Tetherin steady-state levels or turnover, suggesting that Tetherin degradation may not be necessary and/or sufficient for Vpu anti-Tetherin activity. Even though Vpu did not enhance Tetherin internalization from the plasma membrane (PM), it did significantly slow-down the overall transport of the protein towards the cell-surface. Accordingly, Vpu expression caused a specific removal of cell-surface Tetherin and a re-localization of the residual pool of Tetherin in a perinuclear compartment that co-stained with the TGN marker TGN46 and Vpu itself. This re-localization of Tetherin was also observed with a Vpu mutant unable to recruit β-TrCP, suggesting that this activity is taking place independently from β-TrCP-mediated trafficking and/or degradation processes. We also show that Vpu co-immunoprecipitates with Tetherin and that this interaction involves the transmembrane domains of the two proteins. Importantly, this association was found to be critical for reducing cell-surface Tetherin expression, re-localizing the restriction factor in the TGN and promoting HIV-1 release. Overall, our results suggest that association of Vpu to Tetherin affects the outward trafficking and/or recycling of the restriction factor from the TGN and as a result promotes its sequestration away from the PM where productive HIV-1 assembly takes place. This mechanism of antagonism that results in TGN trapping is likely to be augmented by β-TrCP-dependent degradation, underlining the need for complementary and perhaps synergistic strategies to effectively counteract the powerful restrictive effects of human Tetherin. Restriction factors are cellular proteins that interfere with the multiplication and transmission of viruses and are therefore important components of natural immunity. Tetherin (also known as BST-2) is a recently identified restriction factor that traps viruses at the cell-surface, preventing their release and thus infection of other cells. Viruses have, however, developed means to counteract this restriction factor. Viral protein U (Vpu) is an accessory protein encoded by HIV-1, the causative agent of AIDS. Vpu antagonizes Tetherin and consequently promotes the release of HIV-1 particles. A series of recent reports proposed that Vpu would induce the degradation of this restriction factor in order to overcome its anti-viral activity. Here, we report that Vpu is able to enhance HIV-1 release in absence of Tetherin degradation. Instead, we found that Vpu interacts with Tetherin and interferes with the transport of the restriction factor towards the cell-surface. This would lead to re-localization of Tetherin in an intracellular organelle called the trans-Golgi network, resulting in insufficient levels of Tetherin at the cell-surface to trap progeny viruses. This mechanism of antagonism that results in TGN trapping could be augmented by the induction of degradation to effectively counteract the powerful restrictive effects of human Tetherin. Further characterization of this mechanism will improve our understanding of host antiviral defenses as well as provide new targets for the development of novel anti-HIV drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Dubé
- Laboratory of Human Retrovirology, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Bibhuti Bhusan Roy
- Laboratory of Human Retrovirology, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Pierre Guiot-Guillain
- Laboratory of Human Retrovirology, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Julie Binette
- Laboratory of Human Retrovirology, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Johanne Mercier
- Laboratory of Human Retrovirology, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Antoine Chiasson
- Laboratory of Human Retrovirology, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Éric A. Cohen
- Laboratory of Human Retrovirology, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- * E-mail:
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Mechakra-Tahiri SD, Zunzunnegui M, Préville M, Dubé M. Gender, social relationships and depressive disorders in adults aged 65 and over in Quebec. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.24095/hpcdp.30.2.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The objective of this study was to examine if social relationships have a differential association with the presence of depression in men and women aged 65 and over. Data came from a survey of a representative sample of 2670 community-dwelling older adults in Quebec. Depressive disorders were measured using DSM-IV criteria. The prevalence of depression was 17.8% for women and 7.6% for men. Men reported a greater diversity of ties but less support than women. Having a confidant and/or being engaged in a good marital relationship was negatively associated with depression in both men and women. Compared with married people in general, widowhood was associated with a considerably higher risk of depression in men than in women. Compared with non-volunteers in general, men who volunteer were at considerably lower risk of depression than women who volunteer. This exploratory study could serve as a basis for future longitudinal studies on the impact of community activities and volunteering on the incidence and remission of depression in older men and women in Canada.
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Affiliation(s)
- S.-D. Mechakra-Tahiri
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Institut de recherche en santé publique de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - M.V. Zunzunnegui
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Institut de recherche en santé publique de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - M. Préville
- Department of Community Health, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - M. Dubé
- Laboratory of Gerontology, Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Quebec, Canada
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Mechakra-Tahiri SD, Zunzunegui MV, Préville M, Dubé M. Gender, social relationships and depressive disorders in adults aged 65 and over in Quebec. Chronic Dis Can 2010; 30:56-65. [PMID: 20302686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to examine if social relationships have a differential association with the presence of depression in men and women aged 65 and over. Data came from a survey of a representative sample of 2670 community-dwelling older adults in Quebec. Depressive disorders were measured using DSM-IV criteria. The prevalence of depression was 17.8% for women and 7.6% for men. Men reported a greater diversity of ties but less support than women. Having a confidant and/or being engaged in a good marital relationship was negatively associated with depression in both men and women. Compared with married people in general, widowhood was associated with a considerably higher risk of depression in men than in women. Compared with non-volunteers in general, men who volunteer were at considerably lower risk of depression than women who volunteer. This exploratory study could serve as a basis for future longitudinal studies on the impact of community activities and volunteering on the incidence and remission of depression in older men and women in Canada.
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Affiliation(s)
- S-D Mechakra-Tahiri
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC.
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Glaied O, Dubé M, Chabot B, Daneault C. Synthesis of cationic polymer-grafted cellulose by aqueous ATRP. J Colloid Interface Sci 2009; 333:145-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2009.01.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2008] [Revised: 01/23/2009] [Accepted: 01/25/2009] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Spencer P, Pollock R, Dubé M. Effects of un-ionized ammonia on histological, endocrine, and whole organism endpoints in slimy sculpin (Cottus cognatus). Aquat Toxicol 2008; 90:300-309. [PMID: 18992947 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2008.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2008] [Revised: 08/18/2008] [Accepted: 08/26/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Ammonia is known to be an important toxicant in aquatic environments. Although ammonia toxicity has been well studied in many fish species, effects of chronic exposure on slimy sculpin (Cottus cognatus), a critical biomonitoring species for northern aquatic habitats, are not well known. Further, with increasing mining development in Canada's north, this information is critical to better predict potential effects of mine effluent discharges on northern fish species. Slimy sculpin were exposed to six concentrations of un-ionized ammonia (NH(3)) relevant to concentrations found in northern mining effluents: control (0 ppm), 0.278 ppm, 0.556 ppm, 0.834 ppm, 1.112 ppm, and 1.668 ppm. An LC(50) of 1.529 ppm was calculated from mortality data. Histopathological examination of gills indicated significant tissue damage, measured as lamellar fusion and epithelial lifting, at 0.834 ppm, 1.112 ppm, and 1.668 ppm. Using gill endpoints, NOEC and LOEC were calculated as 0.556 ppm and 0.834 ppm, respectively. An EC(50) of 0.775 ppm was determined for lamellar fusion and an EC(50) of 0.842 ppm for epithelial lifting. Hemorrhage of gills was present in mortalities, which occurred at 1.668 ppm of un-ionized ammonia. A significant decrease in liver somatic index (LSI) was seen in both male and female fish at 0.834 ppm and 1.112 ppm, respectively. Gonadosomatic index (GSI) in female fish significantly increased at 1.668 ppm un-ionized ammonia with an associated significant increase in total wholebody testosterone concentrations. GSI in male fish also significantly increased at 1.668 ppm but no differences were seen in testosterone concentrations. No significant differences were seen in gonad histopathological assessments or condition factor. Gill histopathology endpoints may be a more sensitive indicator for detecting effects in slimy sculpin exposed to ammonia than traditional chronic endpoints. Results from this study indicate that ammonia concentrations commonly reported in northern mine effluents hold potential to affect the health of slimy sculpin including acute, chronic, histological and endocrine endpoints.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Spencer
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, 44 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5B3 Canada.
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Binette J, Dubé M, Mercier J, Halawani D, Latterich M, Cohen EA. Requirements for the selective degradation of CD4 receptor molecules by the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vpu protein in the endoplasmic reticulum. Retrovirology 2007; 4:75. [PMID: 17937819 PMCID: PMC2170451 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-4-75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2007] [Accepted: 10/15/2007] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background HIV-1 Vpu targets newly synthesized CD4 receptor for rapid degradation by a process reminiscent of endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated protein degradation (ERAD). Vpu is thought to act as an adaptor protein, connecting CD4 to the ubiquitin (Ub)-proteasome degradative system through an interaction with β-TrCP, a component of the SCFβ-TrCP E3 Ub ligase complex. Results Here, we provide direct evidence indicating that Vpu promotes trans-ubiquitination of CD4 through recruitment of SCFβ-TrCP in human cells. To examine whether Ub conjugation occurs on the cytosolic tail of CD4, we substituted all four Ub acceptor lysine residues for arginines. Replacement of cytosolic lysine residues reduced but did not prevent Vpu-mediated CD4 degradation and ubiquitination, suggesting that Vpu-mediated CD4 degradation is not entirely dependent on the ubiquitination of cytosolic lysines and as such might also involve ubiquitination of other sites. Cell fractionation studies revealed that Vpu enhanced the levels of ubiquitinated forms of CD4 detected in association with not only the ER membrane but also the cytosol. Interestingly, significant amounts of membrane-associated ubiquitinated CD4 appeared to be fully dislocated since they could be recovered following sodium carbonate salt treatment. Finally, expression of a transdominant negative mutant of the AAA ATPase Cdc48/p97 involved in the extraction of ERAD substrates from the ER membrane inhibited Vpu-mediated CD4 degradation. Conclusion Taken together, these results are consistent with a model whereby HIV-1 Vpu targets CD4 for degradation by an ERAD-like process involving most likely poly-ubiquitination of the CD4 cytosolic tail by SCFβ-TrCP prior to dislocation of receptor molecules across the ER membrane by a process that depends on the AAA ATPase Cdc48/p97.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Binette
- Laboratory of Human Retrovirology, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, 110 Avenue des Pins Ouest, Montreal, Quebec H2W 1R7, Canada.
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Dubuisson J, Dubé M, Jacob S, Wenger J. 316. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2005.07.333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Dubuisson J, Dubé M, Jacob S, Wenger J. 317. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2005.07.371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Asikainen J, Majaniemi S, Dubé M, Ala-Nissila T. Interface dynamics and kinetic roughening in fractals. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2002; 65:052104. [PMID: 12059616 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.65.052104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2001] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We consider the dynamics and kinetic roughening of single-valued interfaces in two-dimensional fractal media. Assuming that the local height difference distribution function of the fronts obeys Levý statistics with a well-defined power-law decay exponent, we derive analytic expressions for the local scaling exponents. We also show that the kinetic roughening of the interfaces displays anomalous scaling and multiscaling in the relevant correlation functions. For invasion percolation models, the exponents can be obtained from the fractal geometry of percolation clusters. Our predictions are in excellent agreement with numerical simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Asikainen
- Helsinki Institute of Physics and Laboratory of Physics, Helsinki University of Technology, P.O. Box 1100, FIN-02015 HUT, Espoo, Finland
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Fortin A, Lapierre S, Baillargeon J, Labelle R, Dubé M, Pronovost J. Suicidal ideation and self-determination in institutionalized elderly. Crisis 2002; 22:15-9. [PMID: 11548815 DOI: 10.1027/0227-5910.22.1.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
The right to self-determination is central to the current debate on rational suicide in old age. The goal of this exploratory study was to assess the presence of self-determination in suicidal institutionalized elderly persons. Eleven elderly persons with serious suicidal ideations were matched according to age, sex, and civil status with 11 nonsuicidal persons. The results indicated that suicidal persons did not differ from nonsuicidal persons in level of self-determination. There was, however, a significant difference between groups on the social subscale. Suicidal elderly persons did not seem to take others into account when making a decision or taking action. The results are discussed from a suicide-prevention perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Fortin
- Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Canada
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Dubé M, Majaniemi S, Rost M, Alava MJ, Elder KR, Ala-Nissila T. Interface pinning in spontaneous imbibition. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2001; 64:051605. [PMID: 11735937 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.64.051605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2001] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Evaporation and gravity induced pinning in spontaneous imbibition are examined within a phase field formalism. Evaporation is introduced via a nonconserving term and gravity through a convective term that constrains the influx of liquid. Their effects are described by dimensionless coupling constants epsilon and g, respectively. From liquid conservation, the early time behavior of the average interface position follows H(t) approximately t1/2 until a crossover time t*(g,epsilon). After that the pinning height Hp(g,epsilon) is approached exponentially in time, in accordance with mean field theory. The statistical roughness of the interface is described by an exponent chi approximately 1.25 at all stages of the rise, but the dynamic length scale controlling roughness crosses over from xi(x) approximately H1/2 to a time independent pinning length scale xi(p)(epsilon,g).
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Affiliation(s)
- M Dubé
- Centre for the Physics of Materials, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3A 2T8
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Abstract
We model friction acting on the tip of an atomic force microscope as it is dragged across a surface at nonzero temperatures. We find that stick-slip motion occurs and that the average frictional force follows (absolute value lnv)(2/3), where v is the tip velocity. This compares well to recent experimental work, permitting the quantitative extraction of all microscopic parameters. We calculate the scaled form of the average frictional force's dependence on both temperature and tip speed as well as the form of the friction-force distribution function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Sang
- Centre for the Physics of Materials, Physics Department, Rutherford Building, McGill University, 3600 rue University, Montréal, Québec, H3A 2T8 Canada
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Tsirigotis M, Thurig S, Dubé M, Vanderhyden BC, Zhang M, Gray DA. Analysis of ubiquitination in vivo using a transgenic mouse model. Biotechniques 2001; 31:120-6, 128, 130. [PMID: 11464505 DOI: 10.2144/01311rr03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The primary pathway for the proteolytic destruction of cellular proteins is through ubiquitin-mediated targeting to the proteasome. This pathway is pivotal not only in the elimination of damaged or misfolded proteins but also in the temporal, developmental, or signal-mediated destruction of normal cellular substrates. The list of known substrates of the ubiquitin/proteasome pathway is long, but most substrates have been identified in yeast or, more recently, in cultured mammalian cells. It is likely that many mammalian substrates with developmental or disease relevance have yet to be identified because their ubiquitination occurs in tissue or organ systems that cannot be adequately modeled in vitro. We have developed a transgenic mouse model that will allow the isolation and identification of these substrates. The human UbC promoter was used to drive expression of a hexahistidine-tagged version of human ubiquitin in a variety of mouse tissues from early embryonic stages, as assessed by a green fluorescent protein marker. Cleavage of the fusion protein by endogenous enzymes produced epitope-tagged ubiquitin that was detected both in monomeric form and conjugated to cellular proteins. This mouse model should facilitate in the analysis of normal and disease-related ubiquitination events in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Tsirigotis
- Ottawa Regional Cancer Centre, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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Dubé M, Rost M, Elder KR, Alava M, Majaniemi S, Ala-Nissila T. Comment on "Pipe network model for scaling of dynamic interfaces in porous media". Phys Rev Lett 2001; 86:6046-6047. [PMID: 11415425 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.86.6046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2000] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Lefrançois R, Dubé M, Leclerc G, Hamel S, Gaulin P. [Psychosocial resources, transitory events and quality of life of aging people.]. Sante Ment Que 2001; 26:242-273. [PMID: 18253602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Based on data of the Québec longitudinal study on aging, this article examines crosswise the relation between psychosocial resources of elderly people and their quality of life. The sample of 781 subjects includes three groups of elderly people selected according to their age and their experience or not of a major transitory event: retirement (60-65), widowed (70-75) and functional incapacity (80-85). The results confirm that respondents with a high level of psychosocial resources obtain better performances in the various indexes of quality of life. However, in regards to events, the protective effect of psychosocial resources on quality of life is only shown with those people in retirement. We notice that with people with functional incapacity, social support seem to slightly contribute in maintaining quality of life. Finally, the authors propose certain explanations.
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Julien D, Tremblay N, Bélanger I, Dubé M, Bégin J, Bouthillier D. Interaction structure of husbands' and wives' disclosure of marital conflict to their respective best friend. J Fam Psychol 2000; 14:286-303. [PMID: 10870295 DOI: 10.1037/0893-3200.14.2.286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Husbands' and wives' conversations with their respective best friend (N = 88) were coded to assess spouses' and friends' mutual influence in regulating support and interference with regard to spouses' marriage and to assess the impact of spouses' sex and marital satisfaction on the conversation processes. Dissatisfied husbands and wives expressed fewer positive and more negative views of marriage than satisfied husbands and wives and the friends in the 2 groups. There were no group and no sex differences in interference sequences. There were group and sex differences in support sequences. Friends of satisfied wives and those of dissatisfied husbands were more likely than satisfied wives and dissatisfied husbands to get support for their positive views of marriage. The findings are discussed with reference to the specific effects of outsiders' support and interference on satisfied and dissatisfied spouses.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Julien
- Department of Psychology, University of Quebec at Montreal, Canada
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