1
|
Nair RR, Debnath S, Ghosh R, Bhattacharya A, Raju M, Chatterjee PB. Label-Free Detection of Unbound Bilirubin and Nitrophenol Explosives in Water by a Mechanosynthesized Dual Functional Zinc Complex: Recognition of Picric Acid in Various Common Organic Media. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202303068. [PMID: 38150640 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
High levels of unconjugated bilirubin (UB) in serum lead to asymptomatic and neonatal jaundice and brain dysfunctions. Herein, we have reported the detection of UB at as low as 1 μM in an aqueous alkaline medium using a Zn(II) complex. The specificity of the complex has been validated by the HPLC in the concentration window 6-90 μM, which is rare. The sensory response of the probe at physiological pH against nitro explosives developed it as an instant-acting fluorosensor for picric acid (PA) and 2,4-dinitrophenol (2,4-DNP). Spectroscopic titration provided a binding constant of 4×105 M-1 with PA. The naked eye detection was found to be 15 μM. The solid-state photoluminescent nature of the complex enabled it for PA sensing in the solid phase. Interestingly, the probe remained fluorescent in various volatile and non-volatile organic solvents. As a result, it can also detect PA and 2,4-DNP in a wide range of common organic media. NMR studies revealed the coordination of PA, 2,4-DNP, and UB to the Zn(II) center of the probe, which is responsible for the observed quenching of the probe with the analytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ratish R Nair
- Analytical & Environmental Science Division and Centralized Instrument Facility, CSIR-CSMCRI, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Snehasish Debnath
- Analytical & Environmental Science Division and Centralized Instrument Facility, CSIR-CSMCRI, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Riya Ghosh
- Analytical & Environmental Science Division and Centralized Instrument Facility, CSIR-CSMCRI, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Arnab Bhattacharya
- Analytical & Environmental Science Division and Centralized Instrument Facility, CSIR-CSMCRI, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar, India
| | - M Raju
- Analytical & Environmental Science Division and Centralized Instrument Facility, CSIR-CSMCRI, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
- Department of Chemistry, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Bowrampet, Hyderabad, India
| | - Pabitra B Chatterjee
- Analytical & Environmental Science Division and Centralized Instrument Facility, CSIR-CSMCRI, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Roby P, Smith Beltran G, Finch C, Malhotra S, Reiling K, Dayyat E, Birkemeier K, Raju M, Macmurdo C, Hernandez E, Sagar M. The Perfect Storm: A Case of Rapid-Onset Obesity With Hypoventilation, Hypothalamic, Autonomic Dysregulation, Neuroendocrine Tumor (ROHHADNET) With Heart Failure, Narcolepsy, and a Rare Location of a Pelvic Neuroendocrine Tumor. Cureus 2023; 15:e50341. [PMID: 38205461 PMCID: PMC10777333 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.50341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Rapid-onset obesity with hypothalamic dysfunction, hypoventilation, and autonomic dysregulation (ROHHAD) syndrome is a rare disease of concurrent respiratory dysfunction and autonomic dysregulation with endocrine abnormalities. ROHHADNET includes ROHHAD plus coexisting neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). We describe an eight-year-old boy, who originally presented at four years of age with rapid weight gain and hyperhidrosis and who developed mild obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). His clinical course was eventually complicated by hypoxic respiratory failure requiring admission to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). Echocardiogram at that time demonstrated dilated cardiomyopathy left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of 28% at time of admission. His respiratory failure persisted despite average volume-assured pressure support (AVAPS) around the clock leading to tracheostomy placement for cardiopulmonary support. He also demonstrated autonomic instability with multiple pituitary hormone deficiencies. Computed tomography (CT) imaging of the abdomen and pelvis demonstrated a presacral soft tissue mass consistent with a tumor of neural crest origin. Daytime somnolence and confusion progressed and a low cerebrospinal fluid hypocretin level revealed a diagnosis of narcolepsy type 1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul Roby
- Internal Medicine, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, USA
| | | | - Casey Finch
- Pediatrics, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, USA
| | | | | | - Ehab Dayyat
- Pediatric Neurology, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, USA
| | | | - Muppala Raju
- Neonatology, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, USA
| | | | | | - Malvika Sagar
- Pediatric Pulmonary, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Shehzad I, Banker A, Das B, Humayun A, Wills H, Raju M, Vora N. Successful Weaning From Veno-Venous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (VV-ECMO) After Initiation of Inhaled Epoprostenol in a Neonate With Refractory Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension of the Newborn (PPHN). Cureus 2023; 15:e45595. [PMID: 37868379 PMCID: PMC10588285 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.45595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite improvements in the medical management of persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN), a significant number of patients persist with inadequate gas exchange and are treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Prolonged time to weaning ECMO can increase mortality risk. Therefore, multiple therapies are utilized for pulmonary hypertension treatment, including pharmacotherapy with pulmonary vasodilators, to improve the prognosis of these critical patients. We report a case of a 37 2/7-week neonate with severe PPHN refractory to triple pulmonary vasodilator therapy (inhaled nitric oxide (iNO), sildenafil, and milrinone) and required veno-venous (VV)-ECMO support to improve oxygenation. Our patient was successfully weaned from ECMO after the addition of inhaled epoprostenol (iEPO) therapy. This report indicates that inhaled prostacyclin therapy effectively helps refractory PPHN patients off extracorporeal life support (ECLS) and should be considered a valuable treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irfan Shehzad
- Neonatology, Baylor Scott & White Health, Austin, USA
| | - Ashish Banker
- Pediatric Cardiology, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, USA
| | - Bibhuti Das
- Pediatric Cardiology, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, USA
| | - Adil Humayun
- Neonatology, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, USA
| | - Hale Wills
- Pediatric Surgery, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, USA
| | - Muppala Raju
- Neonatology, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, USA
| | - Niraj Vora
- Neonatology, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Shehzad I, Raju M, Jackson I, Beeram M, Govande V, Chiruvolu A, Vora N. Evaluation of Autism Spectrum Disorder Risk in Infants With Intraventricular Hemorrhage. Cureus 2023; 15:e45541. [PMID: 37868372 PMCID: PMC10586226 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.45541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background This study evaluates the long-term risk of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in infants with intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) using the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers-Revised with Follow-Up (M-CHAT-R/F) screening tool. Methods This retrospective cohort study compared IVH (exposed) infants across all gestational age groups with no-IVH (non-exposed) infants admitted to level IV neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). The M-CHAT-R/F screening tool was used to assess the ASD risk at 16-30 months of age. Discharge cranial ultrasound (CUS) findings also determined the ASD risk. Descriptive statistics comprised median and interquartile range for skewed continuous data and frequencies and percentages for categorical variables. Comparisons for non-ordinal categorical measures in bivariate analysis were carried out using the χ2 test or Fisher exact test. Results Of the 334 infants, 167 had IVH, and 167 had no IVH. High ASD risk (43% vs. 20%, p = 0.044) and cerebral palsy (19% vs. 5%, p = 0.004) were significantly associated with severe IVH. Infants with CUS findings of periventricular leukomalacia had 3.24 odds of developing high ASD risk (odds ratios/OR: 3.24, 95% confidence interval/CI: 0.73-14.34), and those with hydrocephalus needing ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt had 4.75 odds of developing high ASD risk (OR: 4.75, 95% CI: 0.73-30.69). Conclusion Severe IVH, but not mild IVH, increased the risk of ASD and cerebral palsy. This study demonstrates the need for timely screening for ASD in high-risk infants. Prompt detection leads to earlier treatment and better outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irfan Shehzad
- Neonatology, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, USA
| | - Muppala Raju
- Neonatology, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Niraj Vora
- Neonatology, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Vora N, Kalagiri RR, Shetty K, Mustafa Y, Kundysek W, Raju M, Govande V, Beeram M, Uddin MN. Comparison of clinical outcomes and biochemical markers in normal and preeclamptic pregnancies: a prospective cohort study. Proc AMIA Symp 2023; 36:572-577. [PMID: 37614853 PMCID: PMC10443954 DOI: 10.1080/08998280.2023.2223449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Preeclampsia (PreE), the de novo onset of hypertension and proteinuria at 20 weeks of gestation, is a leading cause of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. This study compared inflammatory biomarkers in PreE and normal pregnancies using paired samples of mothers and neonates. Methods Twenty normal pregnant and 27 PreE patients were monitored for biomarkers, neonatal outcomes, and placental morphologies. Fetal and maternal serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), placental growth factor (PlGF), soluble endoglin (sENG), and soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFLT-1) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results Placental thickness was 25 mm in early PreE subjects compared to 32 mm in late PreE subjects (P < 0.05). Placental volume was 296 cm3 in early PreE compared to 393 cm3 in late PreE (P < 0.05). The average hospital stay for PreE babies was longer (20 ± 5 days) compared to babies from normal pregnancies (2 ± 1 days; P < 0.05). PreE babies had a lower Ponderal index (2.28 ± 0.3) than those from normal pregnancies (2.95 ± 0.2; P < 0.05). sENG and sFLT-1 had cord values like the maternal values, while VEGF and PlGF did not. Conclusion PreE alters the intrauterine environment by activating chemical mediators that result in maternal and fetal complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niraj Vora
- Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Baylor Scott & White Medical Center – Temple, Temple, Texas, USA
| | - Ram R. Kalagiri
- Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Baylor Scott & White Medical Center – Temple, Temple, Texas, USA
| | | | | | - Waverly Kundysek
- Department of Medical Physiology, Texas A&M University College of Medicine, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Muppala Raju
- Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Baylor Scott & White Medical Center – Temple, Temple, Texas, USA
| | - Vinayak Govande
- Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Baylor Scott & White Medical Center – Temple, Temple, Texas, USA
| | - Madhava Beeram
- Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Baylor Scott & White Medical Center – Temple, Temple, Texas, USA
| | - Mohammad Nasir Uddin
- Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Baylor Scott & White Medical Center – Temple, Temple, Texas, USA
- Department of Medical Physiology, Texas A&M University College of Medicine, College Station, Texas, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Raju M, Sagar M, Bush A, Quaye E, Ghamande S, Malhotra S, Arroliga ME. The role of supervised school therapy in poorly controlled asthma in children. Proc AMIA Symp 2023; 36:448-452. [PMID: 37334099 PMCID: PMC10269411 DOI: 10.1080/08998280.2023.2204522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In children, nonadherence to inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) therapy leads to poor asthma control and complications. Methods We evaluated the benefit from initiation of ICS administration once daily at school. We retrospectively chose patients from our pediatric pulmonary clinic who had poorly controlled asthma and prescribed ICS daily. For the study period, we examined the number of corticosteroid courses, emergency room visits, hospital admissions, symptom history, and pulmonary function tests. Results Thirty-four patients who satisfied the inclusion criteria began the intervention. Preintervention, there were a mean number of 2.6 oral corticosteroid courses compared to 2 courses in the year following intervention (P = 0.8). Postintervention emergency department visits decreased from a mean of 1.4 to 1.0 (P = 0.71), and hospital admissions decreased from 1.23 to 0.57 (P = 0.04). There was also a significant increase in forced expiratory volume in 1 second (1.69 vs 1.4 L/sec, P = 0.02), a decrease in systemic steroid-free days in a year (96 vs 141 days, P = 0.03), and an increase in symptom-free days postintervention (28 vs 26 days, P = 0.325). Conclusion These findings suggest that ICS administration in schools may help reduce hospital admissions and improve lung function in patients with poorly controlled asthma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muppala Raju
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor Research Institute, Temple, Texas
| | - Malvika Sagar
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor Scott and White McLane Children’s Medical Center, Temple, Texas
| | - Andrew Bush
- Department of Paediatrics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Eugene Quaye
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Baylor Scott & White Medical Center – Temple, Temple, Texas
| | - Shekhar Ghamande
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Baylor Scott & White Medical Center – Temple, Temple, Texas
| | - Sonal Malhotra
- Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine Services, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Mercedes E. Arroliga
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Baylor Scott and White Center for Diagnostic Medicine, Temple, Texas
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Prasad MV, Prakash B, Narasimha J, Rama Rao SV, Raju M, Zeba P, Sreenivasa Reddy C. Effect of dietary supplementation of organic and inorganic Se on performance and antioxidant response in commercial broiler chickens. Br Poult Sci 2023; 64:110-115. [PMID: 35984308 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2022.2113505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
1. The study was carried out to determine the effects of supplementing organic (OG) or inorganic (IOG) Se to record the performance, immune and anti-oxidant response in broiler chickens.2. One-day-old Vencobb-400 (50.1 ± 0.84 g; n = 280) male broiler chicks were allocated randomly into seven treatments to give eight replicates containing five chicks each and housed in deep littered floor pens (76 cm × 91 cm) for a period of 42 d.3. The control diet (CD) was formulated without any Se supplementation (diet I), CD plus 0.15, 0.30 or 0.45 mg/kg OG Se (diets II, III and IV, respectively) and CD plus 0.15, 0.30 or 0.45 mg/kg IOG Se (diets V, VI and VII, respectively).4. Feed intake (FI), body weight gain (BWG), immune variables and mRNA expression profile of hepatic selenoproteins (SepW, GSHPx1, TrxR and GSHPx3) genes were determined. The BWG, FI and feed conversion ratio did not differ among various dietary treatments.5. The lipid peroxidation and activity of RBC catalase were lower (P < 0.05) in groups fed diets supplemented OG Se compared to those fed IOG Se and CD. The activity of GSH Px was higher among the groups fed diet supplemented OG Se compared to those groups fed OG Se and CD. However, supplementing diets with OG or IOG Se did not affect humoral or cell mediated immune responses.6. The expression levels of SepW were higher (P < 0.01) among the groups supplemented with OG Se. Expression levels of GSH-Px1, TrxR and GSHPx3 were higher (P < 0.01) among the groups supplemented with OG Se compared to those groups fed IOG Se or CD.7. Supplementing OG Se improved the activities of anti-oxidant enzymes and hepatic expression of selenoproteins genes in the present study. However, supplementing OG or IOG Se did not affect growth performance and immune variables in broiler chickens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M V Prasad
- Animal Nutrition Department, P.V.N.R Telangana Veterinary University, Hyderabad, India
| | - B Prakash
- Nutrition Laboratory, ICAR-Directorate of Poultry Research, Hyderabad, India
| | - J Narasimha
- Animal Nutrition Department, P.V.N.R Telangana Veterinary University, Hyderabad, India
| | - S V Rama Rao
- Nutrition Laboratory, ICAR-Directorate of Poultry Research, Hyderabad, India
| | - M Raju
- Nutrition Laboratory, ICAR-Directorate of Poultry Research, Hyderabad, India
| | - P Zeba
- Nutrition Laboratory, ICAR-Directorate of Poultry Research, Hyderabad, India
| | - C Sreenivasa Reddy
- Nutrition Laboratory, ICAR-Directorate of Poultry Research, Hyderabad, India
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Hemingway M, Raju M, Vora N, Raju V, Mallett LH, Govande V. Improving delivery room and admission efficiency and outcomes for infants < 32 weeks: ELGAN+ (Extremely Low Gestational Age Neonate). J Neonatal Perinatal Med 2022; 16:33-37. [PMID: 36591661 DOI: 10.3233/npm-210881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the implementation of a systematic approach to improve the resuscitation, stabilization, and admission of infants < 32 weeks gestation and also to ascertain its effect on organization, efficiency, and clinical outcomes during hospitalization. METHODS Retrospective study involving a multidisciplinary team with checklists, role assignment, equipment organization, step by step protocol, and real time documentation for the care of infants < 32 weeks gestation in the delivery room to the neonatal intensive care unit. Pre-data collection (cases) period was from Aug, 2015 to July, 2017, and post-data collection(controls) period was from Aug, 2017 to Aug, 2019. RESULTS 337 infants were included (179 cases; 158 controls). Increase surfactant use in the resuscitation room (41% vs. 27%, p = 0.007) and reduction in median time to administer surfactant (34 minutes (range, 6-120) vs. 74 minutes (range, 7-120), p = 0.001) observed in control-group. There was a significant reduction in incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (27% vs. 39%), intraventricular hemorrhage (11% vs. 17%), severe retinopathy of prematurity (3% vs. 9%), and necrotizing enterocolitis (4% vs. 6%), however these results were not statistically significant after controlling for severity of illness. CONCLUSIONS A systematic approach to the care of infants < 32 weeks gestation significantly improved mortality rates and reduced rates of comorbidities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Hemingway
- Department of Neonatology, Baylor Scott and White Health, Temple, Texas, USA
| | - M Raju
- Department of Neonatology, Baylor Scott and White Health, Temple, Texas, USA
| | - N Vora
- Department of Neonatology, Baylor Scott and White Health, Temple, Texas, USA
| | - V Raju
- Department of Neonatology, Baylor Scott and White Health, Temple, Texas, USA
| | - L H Mallett
- Department of Neonatology, Baylor Scott and White Health, Temple, Texas, USA
| | - V Govande
- Department of Neonatology, Baylor Scott and White Health, Temple, Texas, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Vora N, Raju M, Jackson I, Mallett L, Samson S, Malhotra S, Shetty A, Beeram MR, Bush A, Sagar M. Maternal preeclampsia as a risk factor for developing bronchopulmonary dysplasia in neonates. Minerva Pediatr (Torino) 2022:S2724-5276.22.07019-7. [PMID: 36239587 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-5276.22.07019-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the effect of preeclampsia on the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in preterm infants. METHODS Retrospective cohort study of infants' ≤32 weeks' gestation admitted to a level-IV single center neonatal intensive care unit from 2014 to 2016. Infants with major congenital anomalies, death or transfer before 28 days were excluded. Infants were stratified by maternal preeclampsia status. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were reviewed. Logistic regression was used to examine predictors for BPD. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE The primary outcome was BPD incidence. RESULTS 432 infants met inclusion criteria; 22% developed BPD, of which, 16% had severe BPD. Thirty-eight percent of infants were born to preeclamptic mothers, with 23% of those infants developing BPD. Infants born to preeclamptic mothers were delivered by cesarean section (88% vs. 60%; p<0.0001) more often and had lower birthweight (Median=1265g, IQR 910-1555 vs. Median=1388g, IQR 959-1752; p=0.008) compared to infants born to non-preeclamptic mothers. Higher incidence of intrauterine growth restriction was noted in pre-eclampsia group,24% vs 8%, p=0.0001). Gestational age, length of stay and days on ventilator were all associated with the development of BPD. In multivariable logistic regression, preeclampsia was not a risk factor for development of BPD (OR 1.12 [0.68, 1.83]). CONCLUSIONS Preeclampsia was not a significant risk factor for development of BPD nor the severity of BPD in infants' ≤32 weeks' gestation. IUGR infants with or without preeclampsia mothers were at higher risk for BPD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niraj Vora
- Department of Pediatrics, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, TX, USA
| | - Muppala Raju
- Department of Pediatrics, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, TX, USA -
| | - Ineshia Jackson
- Department of Pediatrics, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, TX, USA
| | - Lea Mallett
- Department of Pediatrics, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, TX, USA
| | - Shoji Samson
- Department of Pediatrics, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, TX, USA
| | - Sonal Malhotra
- Department of Pediatrics, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, TX, USA
| | - Ashith Shetty
- Department of Pediatrics, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, TX, USA
| | - Madhava R Beeram
- Department of Pediatrics, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, TX, USA
| | - Andrew Bush
- Department of Pediatrics, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, TX, USA
| | - Malvika Sagar
- Department of Pediatrics, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Penmetsa GS, Raju M. Soft and Hard Tissue Revision Around an Implant: Case Report with a 10-Year Follow-up. INT J PERIODONT REST 2022; 42:e85-e90. [PMID: 35472119 DOI: 10.11607/prd.5701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Dental implants are the most promising modality of tooth replacement in the modern era. Of late, peri-implant architecture has gained significant importance and forms the basic foundation for success of an implant restoration, with both the hard and soft tissue components around an implant playing vital roles in the osseointegration process. A 23-year-old man reported with a titanium membrane exposure around tooth site 16 (FDI tooth-numbering system) along with decreased attached gingival width and thickness. To gain soft tissue thickness, a rotated connective tissue graft was harvested, as was a "sticky bone" graft to gain bone volume. Connective tissue is one of the most promising modalities for soft tissue augmentation around both the natural tooth and implants. "Sticky bone," which is a more advanced form of bone grafting techniques, was implemented to achieve the benefits of injectable platelet-rich fibrin. This case report describes the hard and soft tissue augmentation procedure and successful results at the 10-year follow-up, as well as fabrication of an implant-supported fixed partial denture.
Collapse
|
11
|
Raju M, Petrović AP, Yagil A, Denisov KS, Duong NK, Göbel B, Şaşıoğlu E, Auslaender OM, Mertig I, Rozhansky IV, Panagopoulos C. Colossal topological Hall effect at the transition between isolated and lattice-phase interfacial skyrmions. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2758. [PMID: 33980841 PMCID: PMC8115237 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22976-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The topological Hall effect is used extensively to study chiral spin textures in various materials. However, the factors controlling its magnitude in technologically-relevant thin films remain uncertain. Using variable-temperature magnetotransport and real-space magnetic imaging in a series of Ir/Fe/Co/Pt heterostructures, here we report that the chiral spin fluctuations at the phase boundary between isolated skyrmions and a disordered skyrmion lattice result in a power-law enhancement of the topological Hall resistivity by up to three orders of magnitude. Our work reveals the dominant role of skyrmion stability and configuration in determining the magnitude of the topological Hall effect. Previous studies of skyrmions in thin film architectures have shown widely-varying magnitudes of the topological Hall effect. Here, Raju et al. show that this variation follows a power-law behaviour driven by chiral spin fluctuations at the phase transition between isolated and lattice skyrmions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Raju
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore. .,Institute for Quantum Matter and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - A P Petrović
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - A Yagil
- Department of Physics, Technion, Haifa, Israel
| | | | - N K Duong
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - B Göbel
- Institut für Physik, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - E Şaşıoğlu
- Institut für Physik, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - O M Auslaender
- Department of Physics, Technion, Haifa, Israel.,Neuroscience Institute and Tech4Health Institute, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - I Mertig
- Institut für Physik, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | | | - C Panagopoulos
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Foster M, Mallett LH, Govande V, Vora N, Castro A, Raju M, Cantey JB. Short-Term Complications Associated with Surgical Ligation of Patent Ductus Arteriosus in ELBW Infants: A 25-Year Cohort Study. Am J Perinatol 2021; 38:477-481. [PMID: 31683323 DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1698459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This article aims to determine the incidence of short-term complications of surgical patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) ligations, the factors associated with those complications, and whether complications are associated with poor long-term outcomes. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective cohort study of all extremely low birth weight (ELBW, < 1,000 g) infants who underwent surgical PDA ligation at a single-center neonatal intensive care unit from 1989 to 2015. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were reviewed. The primary outcome was development of a short-term (< 2 weeks from ligation) surgical complication. Secondary outcomes include bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), length of stay, and mortality. RESULTS A total of 180 ELBW infants were included; median gestational age and birth weight was 24 weeks and 683 g, respectively, and 44% of infants had at least one short-term complication. Need for vasopressors (33%) was the most common medical complication and vocal cord paralysis (9%) was the most common surgical complication. Younger corrected gestational age at time of repair was associated with increased risk for complications. Mortality, length of stay, and BPD rates were similar between infants with and without complications. CONCLUSION Serious complications were seen in a minority of infants. Additional research is needed to determine if short-term complications are associated with long-term adverse outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Megan Foster
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor Scott & White McLane Children's Medical Center, Temple, Texas
| | - Lea H Mallett
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor Scott & White McLane Children's Medical Center, Temple, Texas
| | - Vinayak Govande
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor Scott & White McLane Children's Medical Center, Temple, Texas
| | - Niraj Vora
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor Scott & White McLane Children's Medical Center, Temple, Texas
| | - Abel Castro
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor Scott & White McLane Children's Medical Center, Temple, Texas
| | - Muppala Raju
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor Scott & White McLane Children's Medical Center, Temple, Texas
| | - Joseph B Cantey
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor Scott & White McLane Children's Medical Center, Temple, Texas
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Satywali B, Kravchuk VP, Pan L, Raju M, He S, Ma F, Petrović AP, Garst M, Panagopoulos C. Microwave resonances of magnetic skyrmions in thin film multilayers. Nat Commun 2021; 12:1909. [PMID: 33772026 PMCID: PMC7998029 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22220-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-collinear magnets exhibit a rich array of dynamic properties at microwave frequencies. They can host nanometre-scale topological textures known as skyrmions, whose spin resonances are expected to be highly sensitive to their local magnetic environment. Here, we report a magnetic resonance study of an [Ir/Fe/Co/Pt] multilayer hosting Néel skyrmions at room temperature. Experiments reveal two distinct resonances of the skyrmion phase during in-plane ac excitation, with frequencies between 6-12 GHz. Complementary micromagnetic simulations indicate that the net magnetic dipole moment rotates counterclockwise (CCW) during both resonances. The magnon probability distribution for the lower-frequency resonance is localised within isolated skyrmions, unlike the higher-frequency mode which principally originates from areas between skyrmions. However, the properties of both modes depend sensitively on the out-of-plane dipolar coupling, which is controlled via the ferromagnetic layer spacing in our heterostructures. The gyrations of stable isolated skyrmions reported in this room temperature study encourage the development of new material platforms and applications based on skyrmion resonances. Moreover, our material architecture enables the resonance spectra to be tuned, thus extending the functionality of such applications over a broadband frequency range.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bhartendu Satywali
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Volodymyr P Kravchuk
- Bogolyubov Institute for Theoretical Physics of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
- Institute for Theoretical Solid State Physics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Liqing Pan
- Research Institute for Magnetoelectronics and Weak Magnetic Field Detection, College of Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - M Raju
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shikun He
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Fusheng Ma
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - A P Petrović
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Markus Garst
- Institute for Theoretical Solid State Physics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Institute for Quantum Materials and Technologies, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Christos Panagopoulos
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Petrović AP, Raju M, Tee XY, Louat A, Maggio-Aprile I, Menezes RM, Wyszyński MJ, Duong NK, Reznikov M, Renner C, Milošević MV, Panagopoulos C. Skyrmion-(Anti)Vortex Coupling in a Chiral Magnet-Superconductor Heterostructure. Phys Rev Lett 2021; 126:117205. [PMID: 33798341 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.117205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We report experimental coupling of chiral magnetism and superconductivity in [IrFeCoPt]/Nb heterostructures. The stray field of skyrmions with radius ≈50 nm is sufficient to nucleate antivortices in a 25 nm Nb film, with unique signatures in the magnetization, critical current, and flux dynamics, corroborated via simulations. We also detect a thermally tunable Rashba-Edelstein exchange coupling in the isolated skyrmion phase. This realization of a strongly interacting skyrmion-(anti)vortex system opens a path toward controllable topological hybrid materials, unattainable to date.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A P Petrović
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637371 Singapore
| | - M Raju
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637371 Singapore
| | - X Y Tee
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637371 Singapore
| | - A Louat
- Department of Physics, Technion, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - I Maggio-Aprile
- Department of Quantum Matter Physics, Université de Genève, 24 Quai Ernest Ansermet, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - R M Menezes
- Department of Physics, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Cidade Universitária, 50670-901 Recife-PE, Brazil
| | - M J Wyszyński
- Department of Physics, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - N K Duong
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637371 Singapore
| | - M Reznikov
- Department of Physics, Technion, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Ch Renner
- Department of Quantum Matter Physics, Université de Genève, 24 Quai Ernest Ansermet, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - M V Milošević
- Department of Physics, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - C Panagopoulos
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637371 Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
|
16
|
Nair RR, Raju M, Debnath S, Ghosh R, Chatterjee PB. Concurrent detection and treatment of cyanide-contaminated water using mechanosynthesized receptors. Analyst 2020; 145:5647-5656. [PMID: 32638714 DOI: 10.1039/d0an00449a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The development of receptors that can detect as well as treat cyanide ions in aqueous samples is indispensable for environmental protection. Herein, we present the bulk solvent-free and instant green synthesis of a series of turn-on fluorimetric probes that can specifically detect the deadly poison cyanide among various anions and metal ions in water. Selective recognition of cyanide by the mechanosynthesized compounds is even observable by the naked eyes, which remained unaffected in the presence of various challenging species. NMR spectroscopic investigation supports the chemodosimetric sensing of cyanide by the receptors. A remarkable 55-83 fold fluorescence enhancement by the probes enabled us to reach a limit of detection (LOD) in the range of 8-26 ppb, well below the permissible limit of cyanide in drinking water. Being minuscule soluble in water, cyanide treatment studies with the ionophores showed greater than 99% reduction in the free cyanide concentration after three consecutive cycles of operation. Furthermore, the compounds can be used as sensitive probes for the estimation of cyanide in human blood serum in physiological conditions. Overall, the results presented in this article will certainly find great use in the area of cyanide pollution with regard to simultaneous sensing and treatment of free cyanide, which is heretofore unprecedented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ratish R Nair
- Analytical & Environmental Science Division and Centralized Instrument Facility, CSIR-CSMCRI, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, India
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Namagondlu G, Chauhan B, Chitralli D, Mani J, Shanmugam S, Thamaraikannan R, David A, Raju M, Huilgol A. SAT-364 Retrospective study comparing antibody depleting agents vs IL2R blockers as an induction agent in low risk kidney transplantation - A single centre experience. Kidney Int Rep 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2020.02.385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
|
18
|
Nair RR, Raju M, Bhai S, Raval IH, Haldar S, Ganguly B, Chatterjee PB. Estimation of bisulfate in edible plant foods, dog urine, and drugs: picomolar level detection and bio-imaging in living organisms. Analyst 2020; 144:5724-5737. [PMID: 31486453 DOI: 10.1039/c9an01078e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
In order to explore the properties of any species in solution, the actual, i.e. equilibrium concentration of the free species should be taken into account. Researchers have not paid attention to the deprotonation equilibrium between HSO4- and SO42- while probing bisulfate ion. In this study, we have addressed this concern and developed two zwitterions, CG (coumarin-integrated glycine) and CA (coumarin-integrated alanine), for the selective detection of HSO4- at a picomolar level (50 to 325 pM) with very high binding affinity (∼108 M-1) in pure water at physiological pH. The principle of HSO4- recognition was established via UV-vis and fluorescence techniques. DFT calculations suggested that the H-bonding interactions between the probes and HSO4- are the driving force for this unforeseen selectivity. The membrane penetration ability and nontoxicity of CG/CA enable them to function as staining agents in living brine shrimps and bacteria. The use of these probes for the estimation of HSO4- in various day-to-day edible foods and drugs along with urine samples is unprecedented. The significance and novelty of this study lies in the application and development of assays for estimating bisulfate in several real-world samples that are predominantly aqueous in nature, which are the first of their kind.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ratish R Nair
- Analytical and Environmental Science Division and Centralized Instrument Facility, CSIR-CSMCRI, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar, India.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Patel NP, Raju M, Haldar S, Chatterjee PB. Characterization of phenazine-1-carboxylic acid by Klebsiella sp. NP-C49 from the coral environment in Gulf of Kutch, India. Arch Microbiol 2019; 202:351-359. [PMID: 31667534 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-019-01742-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Coral-associated microbes from Marine National Park (MNP), Gulf of Kutch (GoK), Gujarat, India, were screened for siderophore production. Maximum siderophore-producing isolate NP-C49 and its compound were identified and characterized. The isolate was identified as Klebsiella sp. through 16S rRNA genes sequencing (GenBank accession nos. KY412519 and MTCC 25160). Antibiotic susceptibility profile against 20 commercial antibiotics showed its more sensitivity compared to human pathogenic strain, i.e., Klebsiella pneumonia. The compound was identified as phenazine-1-carboxylic acid (PCA) using the multinuclear ID (1H and 13C) and 2D (1H-1H COSY and 1H-13C HETCOR) NMR along with high-resolution mass spectrometry. No significant difference in the bacterial growth in the presence of PCA, FeCl3 and Fe(OH)3 indicated involvement of factors other than PCA in bacterial growth. The study first reports the identification and characterization of PCA from Klebsiella sp. both from terrestrial and marine sources.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neha P Patel
- Analytical & Environmental Science Division and Centralized Instrument Facility, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - M Raju
- Analytical & Environmental Science Division and Centralized Instrument Facility, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Soumya Haldar
- Analytical & Environmental Science Division and Centralized Instrument Facility, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, India. .,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India.
| | - Pabitra B Chatterjee
- Analytical & Environmental Science Division and Centralized Instrument Facility, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, India. .,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Raju M, Pandit JJ. Re-awakening the carotid bodies after anaesthesia: managing hypnotic and neuromuscular blocking agents. Anaesthesia 2019; 75:301-304. [PMID: 31421004 DOI: 10.1111/anae.14789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Raju
- Nuffield Department of Anaesthesia, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - J J Pandit
- Nuffield Department of Anaesthesia, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Rychlik KA, Secrest JR, Lau C, Pulczinski J, Zamora ML, Leal J, Langley R, Myatt LG, Raju M, Chang RCA, Li Y, Golding MC, Rodrigues-Hoffmann A, Molina MJ, Zhang R, Johnson NM. In utero ultrafine particulate matter exposure causes offspring pulmonary immunosuppression. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:3443-3448. [PMID: 30808738 PMCID: PMC6397543 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1816103116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Early life exposure to fine particulate matter (PM) in air is associated with infant respiratory disease and childhood asthma, but limited epidemiological data exist concerning the impacts of ultrafine particles (UFPs) on the etiology of childhood respiratory disease. Specifically, the role of UFPs in amplifying Th2- and/or Th17-driven inflammation (asthma promotion) or suppressing effector T cells (increased susceptibility to respiratory infection) remains unclear. Using a mouse model of in utero UFP exposure, we determined early immunological responses to house dust mite (HDM) allergen in offspring challenged from 0 to 4 wk of age. Two mice strains were exposed throughout gestation: C57BL/6 (sensitive to oxidative stress) and BALB/C (sensitive to allergen exposure). Offspring exposed to UFPs in utero exhibited reduced inflammatory response to HDM. Compared with filtered air (FA)-exposed/HDM-challenged mice, UFP-exposed offspring had lower white blood cell counts in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and less pronounced peribronchiolar inflammation in both strains, albeit more apparent in C57BL/6 mice. In the C57BL/6 strain, offspring exposed in utero to FA and challenged with HDM exhibited a robust response in inflammatory cytokines IL-13 and Il-17. In contrast, this response was lost in offspring exposed in utero to UFPs. Circulating IL-10 was significantly up-regulated in C57BL/6 offspring exposed to UFPs, suggesting increased regulatory T cell expression and suppressed Th2/Th17 response. Our results reveal that in utero UFP exposure at a level close to the WHO recommended PM guideline suppresses an early immune response to HDM allergen, likely predisposing neonates to respiratory infection and altering long-term pulmonary health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristal A Rychlik
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843
| | - Jeremiah R Secrest
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843
| | - Carmen Lau
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843
| | - Jairus Pulczinski
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843
| | - Misti L Zamora
- Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843
| | - Jeann Leal
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843
| | - Rebecca Langley
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843
| | - Louise G Myatt
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843
| | - Muppala Raju
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843
| | - Richard C-A Chang
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843
| | - Yixin Li
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843
| | - Michael C Golding
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843
| | | | - Mario J Molina
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Renyi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843
- Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843
| | - Natalie M Johnson
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843;
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Raju M, Nair RR, Debnath S, Chatterjee PB. Affinity Directed Surface Functionalization of Two Different Metal Nanoparticles by a Natural Ionophore: Probing and Removal of Hg2+ and Al3+ Ions from Aqueous Solutions. Inorg Chem 2018; 58:1674-1683. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b03241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Raju
- Analytical & Environmental Science Division and Centralized Instrument Facility, CSIR-CSMCRI, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-CSMCRI, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Ratish R. Nair
- Analytical & Environmental Science Division and Centralized Instrument Facility, CSIR-CSMCRI, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-CSMCRI, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Snehasish Debnath
- Analytical & Environmental Science Division and Centralized Instrument Facility, CSIR-CSMCRI, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-CSMCRI, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Pabitra B. Chatterjee
- Analytical & Environmental Science Division and Centralized Instrument Facility, CSIR-CSMCRI, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-CSMCRI, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, India
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Nair RR, Raju M, Jana K, Mondal D, Suresh E, Ganguly B, Chatterjee PB. Instant Detection of Hydrogen Cyanide Gas and Cyanide Salts in Solid Matrices and Water by using Cu II and Ni II Complexes of Intramolecularly Hydrogen Bonded Zwitterions. Chemistry 2018; 24:10721-10731. [PMID: 29797369 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201800894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
A series of intramolecularly hydrogen-bonded zwitterionic compartmental ligands HL1-HL4, containing a pendent diamine arm that is monoprotonated and an aldehyde functionality at two different ortho-positions of a 4-halophenoxide, is reported herein. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SXRD) provides persuasive evidence for the identification of this class of proton-transferred zwitterions at room temperature. The solid-state photoluminescent nature of these zwitterions remains intact in aqueous and organic solutions. Grinding of HL1 and HL2 with Cu2+ /Ni2+ salts develop turn-on probes 1-4. Compounds 1 and 4 are dinuclear CuII and NiII species, respectively. Compound 2 is a tetranuclear CuII complex. Interestingly, compound 3 is a mononuclear NiII species in which both nitrogen atoms in the pendant diamine arm are protonated and, therefore, not coordinated to the NiII center. All these probes (1-4) display an instant response to the poison gas hydrogen cyanide (HCN) and cyanide salts present in both solid matrices and aqueous (100 % water) solution. Selective and rapid sensing of HCN gas and cyanide salts in solid/soil/water phases, without any interference, by the mechanosynthesized complexes 1-4 can be perceived easily by the naked eye under a hand-held UV lamp.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ratish R Nair
- Analytical & Environmental Science Division, and Centralized Instrument Facility, CSIR-CSMCRI, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar, India), E-mails.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-CSMCRI, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar, India
| | - M Raju
- Analytical & Environmental Science Division, and Centralized Instrument Facility, CSIR-CSMCRI, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar, India), E-mails.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-CSMCRI, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar, India
| | - Kalyanashis Jana
- Analytical & Environmental Science Division, and Centralized Instrument Facility, CSIR-CSMCRI, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar, India), E-mails.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-CSMCRI, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar, India
| | - Dhrubajyoti Mondal
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata, India
| | - E Suresh
- Analytical & Environmental Science Division, and Centralized Instrument Facility, CSIR-CSMCRI, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar, India), E-mails.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-CSMCRI, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar, India
| | - Bishwajit Ganguly
- Analytical & Environmental Science Division, and Centralized Instrument Facility, CSIR-CSMCRI, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar, India), E-mails.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-CSMCRI, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar, India
| | - Pabitra B Chatterjee
- Analytical & Environmental Science Division, and Centralized Instrument Facility, CSIR-CSMCRI, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar, India), E-mails.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-CSMCRI, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar, India
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Soumyanarayanan A, Raju M, Gonzalez Oyarce AL, Tan AKC, Im MY, Petrović AP, Ho P, Khoo KH, Tran M, Gan CK, Ernult F, Panagopoulos C. Tunable room-temperature magnetic skyrmions in Ir/Fe/Co/Pt multilayers. Nat Mater 2017; 16:898-904. [PMID: 28714983 DOI: 10.1038/nmat4934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic skyrmions are nanoscale topological spin structures offering great promise for next-generation information storage technologies. The recent discovery of sub-100-nm room-temperature (RT) skyrmions in several multilayer films has triggered vigorous efforts to modulate their physical properties for their use in devices. Here we present a tunable RT skyrmion platform based on multilayer stacks of Ir/Fe/Co/Pt, which we study using X-ray microscopy, magnetic force microscopy and Hall transport techniques. By varying the ferromagnetic layer composition, we can tailor the magnetic interactions governing skyrmion properties, thereby tuning their thermodynamic stability parameter by an order of magnitude. The skyrmions exhibit a smooth crossover between isolated (metastable) and disordered lattice configurations across samples, while their size and density can be tuned by factors of two and ten, respectively. We thus establish a platform for investigating functional sub-50-nm RT skyrmions, pointing towards the development of skyrmion-based memory devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anjan Soumyanarayanan
- Data Storage Institute, 2 Fusionopolis Way, 138634, Singapore
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637371, Singapore
| | - M Raju
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637371, Singapore
| | | | - Anthony K C Tan
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637371, Singapore
| | - Mi-Young Im
- Center for X-ray Optics, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Department of Emerging Materials Science, DGIST, Daegu 42988, Korea
| | - A P Petrović
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637371, Singapore
| | - Pin Ho
- Data Storage Institute, 2 Fusionopolis Way, 138634, Singapore
| | - K H Khoo
- Institute of High Performance Computing, 1 Fusionopolis Way, 138632, Singapore
| | - M Tran
- Data Storage Institute, 2 Fusionopolis Way, 138634, Singapore
| | - C K Gan
- Institute of High Performance Computing, 1 Fusionopolis Way, 138632, Singapore
| | - F Ernult
- Data Storage Institute, 2 Fusionopolis Way, 138634, Singapore
| | - C Panagopoulos
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637371, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Raju M, Srivastava S, Nair RR, Raval IH, Haldar S, Chatterjee PB. Siderophore coated magnetic iron nanoparticles: Rational designing of water soluble nanobiosensor for visualizing Al 3+ in live organism. Biosens Bioelectron 2017. [PMID: 28623816 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2017.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This article aims to establish the judicious use of iron-binding chemistry of microbial chelators in order to functionalize the surface of iron nanoparticles to develop non-toxic nanobiosensor. Anchoring a simple siderophore 2,3-dihydroxybenzoylglycine (H3L), which bears catechol and carboxyl functionalities in tandem, on to the surface of Fe3O4 nanoparticles has developed a unique nanobiosensor HL-FeNPs which showed highly selective and sensitive detection of Al3+ in 100% water at physiological pH. The biosensor HL-FeNPs, with 20nM limit of detection, behaves reversibly and instantly. In-vivo bio-imaging in live brine shrimp Artemia confirmed that HL-FeNPs could be used as fluorescent biomarker for Al3+ in live whole organisms. Magnetic nature of the nanosensor enabled HL-FeNPs to remove excess Al3+ by using external magnet. To our knowledge, the possibility of microbial chelator in the practical development of Al3+ selective nanobiosensor is unprecedented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Raju
- Analytical Division and Centralized Instrument Facility, CSIR-CSMCRI, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Sakshi Srivastava
- Analytical Division and Centralized Instrument Facility, CSIR-CSMCRI, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Ratish R Nair
- Analytical Division and Centralized Instrument Facility, CSIR-CSMCRI, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Ishan H Raval
- Marine Biotechnology and Ecology Division, CSIR-CSMCRI, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Soumya Haldar
- Marine Biotechnology and Ecology Division, CSIR-CSMCRI, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-CSMCRI, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Pabitra B Chatterjee
- Analytical Division and Centralized Instrument Facility, CSIR-CSMCRI, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-CSMCRI, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, India.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Sunitha MB, Hemalatha K, Raju M. Prophylaxis of Cancer. CCTR 2017. [DOI: 10.2174/1573394713666170110124720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
27
|
Abstract
The coexistence line of a fluid separates liquid and gaseous states at subcritical pressures, ending at the critical point. Only recently, it became clear that the supercritical state space can likewise be divided into regions with liquidlike and gaslike properties, separated by an extension to the coexistence line. This crossover line is commonly referred to as the Widom line, and is characterized by large changes in density or enthalpy, manifesting as maxima in the thermodynamic response functions. Thus, a reliable representation of the coexistence line and the Widom line is important for sub- and supercritical applications that depend on an accurate prediction of fluid properties. While it is known for subcritical pressures that nondimensionalization with the respective species critical pressures p_{cr} and temperatures T_{cr} only collapses coexistence line data for simple fluids, this approach is used for Widom lines of all fluids. However, we show here that the Widom line does not adhere to the corresponding states principle, but instead to the extended corresponding states principle. We resolve this problem in two steps. First, we propose a Widom line functional based on the Clapeyron equation and derive an analytical, species specific expression for the only parameter from the Soave-Redlich-Kwong equation of state. This parameter is a function of the acentric factor ω and compares well with experimental data. Second, we introduce the scaled reduced pressure p_{r}^{*} to replace the previously used reduced pressure p_{r}=p/p_{cr}. We show that p_{r}^{*} is a function of the acentric factor only and can thus be readily determined from fluid property tables. It collapses both subcritical coexistence line and supercritical Widom line data over a wide range of species with acentric factors ranging from -0.38 (helium) to 0.34 (water), including alkanes up to n-hexane. By using p_{r}^{*}, the extended corresponding states principle can be applied within corresponding states principle formalism. Furthermore, p_{r}^{*} provides a theoretical foundation to compare Widom lines of different fluids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D T Banuti
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - M Raju
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - M Ihme
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Nair RR, Raju M, Patel NP, Raval IH, Suresh E, Haldar S, Chatterjee PB. Naked eye instant reversible sensing of Cu(2+) and its in situ imaging in live brine shrimp Artemia. Analyst 2016; 140:5464-8. [PMID: 26145434 DOI: 10.1039/c5an00957j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A Cu(2+)-specific colorimetric reversible fluorescent receptor was designed and synthesized which showed a naked eye observable colour change from colourless to pink on addition of an aqueous buffer (pH 7.4) solution of 30 ppb Cu(2+). Short response time (≤5 s) and low detection limit (nearly 3 ppb) make suitable as a reliable "dip-in" open eye sensor for Cu(2+). Bio-imaging application in live brine shrimp Artemia enabled to detect Cu(2+) at as low as 10 ppb exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ratish R Nair
- Analytical Discipline and Centralized Instrumental Facility, CSIR-CSMCRI, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar 364002, India.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Raju M, Patel TJ, Nair RR, Chatterjee PB. Xanthurenic acid: a natural ionophore with high selectivity and sensitivity for potassium ions in an aqueous solution. NEW J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5nj02540k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Synopsis: A well-known tryptophan metabolite, xanthurenic acid, a natural non-fluorescent intermediate siderophore, showed a very selective turn-on response to K+ over other competing metal ions and the detection limit of this natural ionophore was found to be 53 nM at physiological pH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M. Raju
- Analytical Discipline and Centralized Instrument Facility
- CSIR-CSMCRI
- Bhavnagar
- India
| | - Tapasya J. Patel
- Analytical Discipline and Centralized Instrument Facility
- CSIR-CSMCRI
- Bhavnagar
- India
| | - Ratish R. Nair
- Analytical Discipline and Centralized Instrument Facility
- CSIR-CSMCRI
- Bhavnagar
- India
| | - Pabitra B. Chatterjee
- Analytical Discipline and Centralized Instrument Facility
- CSIR-CSMCRI
- Bhavnagar
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Raju M, Nair RR, Raval IH, Haldar S, Chatterjee PB. Reporting a new siderophore based Ca2+ selective chemosensor that works as a staining agent in the live organism Artemia. Analyst 2015; 140:7799-809. [DOI: 10.1039/c5an01733e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
A new acyclic chemosensor bearing a siderophore linked to a rhodamine 6G fluorophore showed highly selective detection of Ca2+ ions in 100% aqueous solution at pH 7.4. The probe showed bio-imaging applicability in the live animal Artemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M. Raju
- Analytical Discipline and Centralized Instrument Facility (AD&CIF)
- CSIR-CSMCRI
- Bhavnagar
- India
| | - Ratish R. Nair
- Analytical Discipline and Centralized Instrument Facility (AD&CIF)
- CSIR-CSMCRI
- Bhavnagar
- India
| | - Ishan H. Raval
- Marine Biotechnology and Ecology Division
- CSIR-CSMCRI
- Bhavnagar
- India
| | - Soumya Haldar
- Marine Biotechnology and Ecology Division
- CSIR-CSMCRI
- Bhavnagar
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
| | - Pabitra B. Chatterjee
- Analytical Discipline and Centralized Instrument Facility (AD&CIF)
- CSIR-CSMCRI
- Bhavnagar
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Abstract
Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) is a rare malignant tumor arising from the bronchial gland. A case of 6-year-old male child who presented with fever, hemoptysis and wheezing since 1month is reported. Chest X-ray showed features suggestive of foreign body with post-obstructive pneumonia and was treated for the same with medication without much improvement. Subsequently computerized tomography scan chest was carried out, which showed oval mass with speculated margin in right hilar region with distal segmental atelectasis. Bronchoscopy showed small growth with nodularity in the apical segmental bronchus of the right lower lobe with mucosal erosion and hence carried out broncho-alveolar lavage showed few atypical squamous cells. Patient underwent right lower lobectomy, which showed a grey white oval mass with solid and cystic areas in the right hilar region with extension in to the lung parenchyma. Histology of the tumor showed mixed solid and cystic areas with sheets of epidermoid cells and mucus-filled cysts of irregular size. Areas of solid growth were composed of squamoid and intermediate cells. Hence, the final diagnosis of mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) intermediate grade of the lung was made. Early diagnosis can be accomplished if the clinician is alert to persistent pneumonia, coughing and tumor obstruction on image studies. MEC is a comparatively rare low-grade tumor, which reportedly carries a good prognosis with early surgical intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ks Jayaprakash
- Department of Pathology, K S Hegde Medical Academy of Nitte University, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Hl Kishanprasad
- Department of Pathology, K S Hegde Medical Academy of Nitte University, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - M Ismail
- Department of Pathology, K S Hegde Medical Academy of Nitte University, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - M Raju
- Department of Pathology, K S Hegde Medical Academy of Nitte University, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - A Dasguptha
- Department of Pathology, K S Hegde Medical Academy of Nitte University, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Reddy A, Dinesh P, Prabhakar A, Umasankar K, Shireesha B, Raju M. A Comprehensive Review on SAR of Curcumin. Mini Rev Med Chem 2013; 13:1769-77. [DOI: 10.2174/1389557511313120007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2012] [Revised: 12/11/2012] [Accepted: 02/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
33
|
Lakshminarayana R, Raju M, Keshava Prakash MN, Baskaran V. Phospholipid, oleic acid micelles and dietary olive oil influence the lutein absorption and activity of antioxidant enzymes in rats. Lipids 2009; 44:799-806. [PMID: 19685091 DOI: 10.1007/s11745-009-3328-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2009] [Accepted: 06/30/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
This study reports on the results of repeated gavages and dietary feeding of lutein dispersed either in phospholipids or fatty acid micelles or vegetable oils and the effects on lutein bioavailability and antioxidant enzymes in rats. For the gavage study, rats (n = 5/group) were intubated with lutein solubilized either in oleic acid (OLA, 18:1n-9) or linoleic acid (LNA, 18:2n-6) or phosphatidylcholine (PC) or lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) or no phospholipid (NoPL) micelles for 10 days. For the dietary study, rats (n = 5/group) were fed a diet containing fenugreek leaf (lutein source), either with olive (OO) or sunflower (SFO) or groundnut (GNO, control) oil or L: -alpha-lecithin (PL) for 4 weeks. The gavage study showed that the plasma, liver and eye lutein levels in OLA and LPC groups were higher by 23.9, 20.8 and 25.5% and 16.1, 28.5 and 14.0% than LNA and PC groups, respectively. The dietary study showed the plasma (35.0 and 43.5%) and eye (18.5 and 37.0%) lutein levels in OO were higher than SFO and GNO groups. The plasma and eye lutein levels in the PL group were higher by 20 and 31.3% than in the control. It is evident that OO and PL modulate lutein absorption, which in turn modulates antioxidant enzymes and fatty acids in plasma and tissues compared to SFO. Hence, selection of the fat source may be vital to enhancing the lutein bioavailability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Lakshminarayana
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Central Food Technological Research Institute, CSIR, Mysore, 570020, India
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Blackwell JM, Fakiola M, Ibrahim ME, Jamieson SE, Jeronimo SB, Miller EN, Mishra A, Mohamed HS, Peacock CS, Raju M, Sundar S, Wilson ME. Genetics and visceral leishmaniasis: of mice and man. Parasite Immunol 2009; 31:254-66. [PMID: 19388946 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3024.2009.01102.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Ninety per cent of the 500,000 annual new cases of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) occur in India/Bangladesh/Nepal, Sudan and Brazil. Importantly, 80-90% of human infections are sub-clinical or asymptomatic, usually associated with strong cell-mediated immunity. Understanding the environmental and genetic risk factors that determine why two people with the same exposure to infection differ in susceptibility could provide important leads for improved therapies. Recent research using candidate gene association analysis and genome-wide linkage studies (GWLS) in collections of families from Sudan, Brazil and India have identified a number of genes/regions related both to environmental risk factors (e.g. iron), as well as genes that determine type 1 vs. type 2 cellular immune responses. However, until now all of the allelic association studies carried out have been underpowered to find genes of small effect sizes (odds ratios or OR < 2), and GWLS using multicase pedigrees have only been powered to find single major genes, or at best oligogenic control. The accumulation of large DNA banks from India and Brazil now makes it possible to undertake genome-wide association studies (GWAS), which are ongoing as part of phase 2 of the Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium. Data from this analysis should seed research into novel genes and mechanisms that influence susceptibility to VL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J M Blackwell
- Telethon Institute for Child Health Research, Centre for Child Health Research, The University of Western Australia, Western Australia, Australia.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Raju M, Ananth M, Vijayaraghavan L. Electrochemical properties of MmNi3.03Si0.85Co0.60Mn0.31Al0.08 hydrogen storage alloys in alkaline electrolytes—A cyclic voltammetric study at different temperatures. Electrochim Acta 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2008.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
36
|
Raju M, Lakshminarayana R, Krishnakantha TP, Baskaran V. Micellar oleic and eicosapentaenoic acid but not linoleic acid influences the β-carotene uptake and its cleavage into retinol in rats. Mol Cell Biochem 2006; 288:7-15. [PMID: 16845492 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-005-9091-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2005] [Accepted: 11/28/2005] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Improving the bioavailability of beta-carotene is vital to manage vitamin A deficiency. The influence of micellar oleic (OA), linoleic (LA) and eicosapentaenoic (EPA) acids on plasma beta-carotene response and its conversion to retinol has been studied in rats employing single (9 h time course) and repeated (10 days) dose administrations. After a single dose, the levels (area under the curve) of plasma beta-carotene and retinyl palmitate in OA and EPA groups were higher (p < 0.05) by 13, 7 and 11, 6 folds than LA group. The liver beta-carotene level in OA and EPA groups were higher (p < 0.05) by 3 and 1.2 folds than LA group. After repeated dose, the plasma beta-carotene and retinyl palmitate levels in OA (6.2%, 51.7%) and EPA (25.4%, 17.23%) groups were higher (p < 0.05) than LA group. The liver beta-carotene level in OA (21.2%) and EPA (17.6%) groups were higher (p < 0.05) than LA group. In both the experiments, the activity of beta-carotene 15,15'-dioxygenase in the intestinal mucosa and plasma triglyceride levels were also higher in OA and EPA groups than LA group. beta-Carotene excreted through urine and feces of OA and EPA groups was lower than the LA group. These results demonstrate an improved absorption and metabolism of beta-carotene when fed mixed micelles with OA or EPA compared with LA. Although the mechanism involved in selective absorption of fatty acids needs further studies, intestinal beta-carotene uptake and its conversion to vitamin A can be modulated using specific fatty acids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Raju
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, 570 020, India
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Lakshminarayana R, Raju M, Krishnakantha TP, Baskaran V. Enhanced lutein bioavailability by lyso-phosphatidylcholine in rats. Mol Cell Biochem 2006; 281:103-10. [PMID: 16328962 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-006-1337-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2005] [Accepted: 07/07/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The bioavailability of lutein solubilized in mixed micelles containing either phosphatidylcholine (PC) or lysophosphatidylcholine (lysoPC) was evaluated in male rats. Mixed micelles contained 2.5 mM monooleoylglycerol, 7.5 mM oleic acid, 12 mM sodium taurocholate and 200 microM lutein either with 3 mM PC or lysoPC. To study lutein bioavailability, single and repeated dose experiments were conducted. For single dose study, group of rats (n = 30/group) were fed single dose of lutein solubilized in lysoPC (LPC group), PC (PC group) and no phospholipids (NoPL group) in micellar form. Each group was further divided in to five sub-groups (n = 6/sub group) to measure lutein bioavailability over time up to 9 h. For repeated dose study, group of rats (n = 6/group) were fed daily for 10 days a dose of lutein in mixed micelles with NoPL, PC and LPC. A separate group (n = 6) not fed mixed micelles was considered as zero-time control. In both the experiments, mixed micelles (0.2 ml/rat) were fed to the rat by direct intubation to the stomach. Results of single dose studies showed that the mean lutein levels in the plasma and liver of the PC group was significantly lower (p < 0.05) than those of the other two groups. Moreover, the average lutein level in the plasma and liver was significantly (p < 0.05) different among the groups in the order LPC > NoPL > PC. But, repeated dose experiment followed the order LPC > PC > NoPL. The level of lutein excreted through urine and feces of PC group was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than those of the other two groups. Thus, the results indicate that the PC in the mixed micelles suppressed the intestinal uptake of lutein after single dose but not after repeated dose and that lysoPC enhanced the absorption. In both the experiments, plasma and liver level of lutein was higher in LPC compared with PC group. Results also suggest that the luminal hydrolysis of PC to lysoPC is necessary for intestinal uptake of lutein solubilized in mixed micelles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Lakshminarayana
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore 570 020, India
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Hopkinson MJ, Schloman WW, Plummer BF, Wenkert E, Raju M. Photochemical heavy-atom effect. 8. Multipathway photodimerization of 2-methylthianaphthene 1,1-dioxide. An example of a heavy-atom effect on intersystem crossing in a 1,4 diradical. J Am Chem Soc 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ja00502a037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
39
|
Abstract
In order to improve the assessment and management of depression in general medical care, the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation supported the development, evaluation, and dissemination of an eight-hour depression education program (DEP) for primary care physicians. This publication includes a paper describing the background and educational rationale for the program structure, the complete participant's workbook, and a facilitator's guide for teaching the program. Given in two separate four-hour workshops by a psychiatrist and a primary care physician, DEP is delivered to small groups of learners (about 12) using an interactive adult learning model and multiple teaching techniques including targeted yet flexible objectives, two lectures, videotape demonstration and discussion, role-play exercises, a focused monograph on depression, an interview checklist, structured assessment and outcomes tools, clinical case studies, and audiotape review of actual patient interviews. DEP has been shown in a prospective randomized trial to improve physicians' interview-ing skills as well as simulated-patient satisfaction scores. Over 150 PCPs in four states have taken DEP in more than 30 separate programs given by 24 trained facilitators. Participants, despite a wide diversity of background knowledge and skills, have uniformly reported remarkably positive learner satisfaction with all dimensions of the Program.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Cole
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, North Shore-Long Island Jewish Health System, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Abstract
Making the diagnosis of depression in the primary care setting represents a challenge and an opportunity. With the numerous cultural, administrative, social, and financial obstacles to the assessment and management of mental disorders in primary care, it is a small wonder that so much treatment of depression actually does occur. However, much depression is missed, and even when the diagnosis is not missed, many depressed patients do not receive adequate treatment. This article reviews the different depressive conditions of importance that present in primary care, discusses complexities of differential diagnosis, and underscores the importance of the medical interview itself for eliciting relevant data, developing rapport, and educating the patient about the key issues of importance relevant to the management of depression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Cole
- Department of Psychiatry, Hillside Hospital/Long Island Jewish Medical Center, Glen Oaks, NY 11004, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Cole SA, Raju M. Overcoming barriers to integration of primary care and behavioral healthcare: focus on knowledge and skills. Behav Healthc Tomorrow 1996; 5:30-7. [PMID: 10172765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S A Cole
- Albert Einstein School of Medicine, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Aijaz S, Gowda K, Jagannath HV, Reddy RR, Maiya PP, Ward RL, Greenberg HB, Raju M, Babu A, Rao CD. Epidemiology of symptomatic human rotaviruses in Bangalore and Mysore, India, from 1988 to 1994 as determined by electropherotype, subgroup and serotype analysis. Arch Virol 1996; 141:715-26. [PMID: 8645107 DOI: 10.1007/bf01718329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiology of symptomatic rotaviruses from Bangalore and Mysore in Southern India was investigated. While serotype G3 predominated throughout the 7-year study period from 1988 to 1994 in Bangalore, serotype G1 was more predominant than serotype G3 in Mysore during 1993 and 1994. Serotype G2 strains were either not detected or infrequently observed in both the cities. However, several strains with subgroup I and 'short' RNA pattern that exhibited high reactivity with typing MAbs specific for serotype 2 as well as other serotypes were detected throughout the period. Among the nonserotypeable strains from both cities, several exhibited dual subgroup (SGI + II) or subgroup I specificity and 'long' RNA pattern indicating their probable animal origin. Notably, a gradual, yet highly significant reduction in rotavirus gastroenteritis, from 45.3% in 1988 to 1.8% during 1994, was observed in Bangalore in stark contrast to the consistently high (about 34%) incidence of asymptomatic infections among neonates by I321-like G10P11 type strains during the same period. Moreover, I321-like asymptomatic strains were not detected in children with diarrhea.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Aijaz
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Indian Institute of Science. Bangalore, India
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Tandon BN, Irshad M, Raju M, Mathur GP, Rao MN. Prevalence of HBsAg & anti-HBs in children & strategy suggested for immunisation in India. Indian J Med Res 1991; 93:337-9. [PMID: 1797638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of HBsAg and anti-HBs was studied in sera from 982 children of different age groups below 5 yr. HBsAg was detected in 0.9, 2.3, 4.1, 2.3 and 1.6 per cent children of 0-1, 2-6, 7-12, 13-36 and 37-60 months age groups respectively. Anti-HBs in these five groups was noted in 17.0, 12.9, 18.4, 14.2 and 13.7 per cent children, respectively. The findings suggest that the carrier pool is built up in the preschool age group, particularly, below the age of 6 months. Perinatal transmission and the relative role of transplacental need re-evaluation. Cost analysis does not permit inclusion of HBV in the Expanded Programme of Immunisation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B N Tandon
- Department of Gastroenterology & Human Nutrition, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Benakappa DG, Raju M, Benakappa AD. Breast-feeding practices in rural Karnataka (India) with special reference to lactation failure. Acta Paediatr Jpn 1989; 31:391-8. [PMID: 2514560 DOI: 10.1111/j.1442-200x.1989.tb01323.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A survey was done in a remote rural area of Karnataka with a questionnaire. Overall 274 lactating mothers from a population of 10,000 were interviewed, to know the practices of breast-feeding with special reference to lactation failure. It was found that the majority of the mothers (97.09%) in rural areas breast-feed. Lactation failure is not a problem. 58.4% reject colostrum but know the advantages of breast-feeding while a small number of mothers (19.8%) start supplementary feeds by three months of age. However, 80.3% of mothers breast-feed up to 12 months. Burping (44.53%) and proper posturing (92%) of the child is not being practiced. Initiation of breast-feeding within 4-6 hours was noted only in 8.03% of mothers whereas 53.07% of mothers and 9.72% of mothers started sugar water and castor oil as prelacteal feedings respectively. It is interesting to note that grandparents (21.9%) and auxiliary nurse midwives (21.9%) are the chief influencers of breast-feeding.
Collapse
|
45
|
Ghatak U, Sanyal B, Ghosh S, Sarkar M, Raju M, Wenkert E. Additions and Corrections - A Formylation-Cyclization Method of Synthesis of Cycloalkenones from Unsaturated Ketones. J Org Chem 1982. [DOI: 10.1021/jo00148a603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
46
|
Ulfohn A, Raju M, Sweiss K, Gruss L. Gastric plasmocytoma. Md State Med J 1982; 31:65-66. [PMID: 7087558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
|
47
|
Reiss RF, Pindyck J, Waldman AA, Raju M, Kulpa J. Transfusion of granulocyte rich buffy coats to neutropenic patients. Med Pediatr Oncol 1982; 10:447-54. [PMID: 7144696 DOI: 10.1002/mpo.2950100504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Granulocyte rich buffy coats were transfused to infected neutropenic patients when leukapheresis donors were not available. Efficacy of transfusions was evaluated from data supplied by hospitals administering them. Buffy coats separated from ACD blood contained a mean of 4.9 X 10(8) granulocytes. Fifty-seven patients received a course consisting of a mean of 3.8 transfusions. Of these, 27 received a mean of 17.5 units per transfusion and had a survival rate of 44.4%, which was not significantly different from the 50.0% found in 30 who received a mean of 11.1 units per transfusion. No significant difference in survival rate was found between 31 patients with acute leukemia and 26 with other disorders or 38 patients with positive and 19 with negative cultures. Finally, no significant difference in survival rate was noted between patients who received a course of greater than or equal to four transfusions or less than or equal to three transfusions in any of the above groups. Survival rates were less than those generally reported following similar courses of leukapheresis units. Buffy coat transfusions consisting of a mean of approximately 17.5 units as produced during this study have therefore been shown to be not generally beneficial. The increased survival seen in some studies utilizing leukapheresis products may relate in part to the larger number of granulocytes they contained. Greater benefit from buffy coat transfusions might result if the number of granulocytes infused were increased. Evaluation of possible efficacy associated with transfusions of increased numbers of buffy coat units further enriched with granulocytes may be justified when leukapheresis donors are not available.
Collapse
|
48
|
Benakappa DG, Suresh P, Raju M, Chandrasekhar SK, Shivauanda. "A clinical study of congenital syphilis". Indian Pediatr 1978; 15:943-8. [PMID: 751928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
|
49
|
Tepper J, Goitein M, Verhey L, Suit H, Koehler A, Hall E, Raju M, Robertson J, Todd P, Furcinitti R. In vitro RBE determinations of an energy modulated proton beam. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1977. [DOI: 10.1016/0360-3016(77)90560-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|