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Su F, Zhao B, Dhondt-Cordelier S, Vaillant-Gaveau N. Plant-Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria Modulate Carbohydrate Metabolism in Connection with Host Plant Defense Mechanism. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1465. [PMID: 38338742 PMCID: PMC10855160 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) could potentially enhance photosynthesis and benefit plant growth by improving soil nutrient uptake and affecting plant hormone balance. Several recent studies have unveiled a correlation between alterations in photosynthesis and host plant resistance levels. Photosynthesis provides materials and energy for plant growth and immune defense and affects defense-related signaling pathways. Photosynthetic organelles, which could be strengthened by PGPR inoculation, are key centers for defense signal biosynthesis and transmission. Although endophytic PGPRs metabolize plant photosynthates, they can increase soluble sugar levels and alternate sugar type and distribution. Soluble sugars clearly support plant growth and can act as secondary messengers under stressed conditions. Overall, carbohydrate metabolism modifications induced by PGPR may also play a key role in improving plant resistance. We provide a concise overview of current knowledge regarding PGPR-induced modulation in carbohydrate metabolism under both pathogen-infected and pathogen-free conditions. We highlight PGPR application as a cost-saving strategy amidst unpredictable pathogen pressures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Su
- Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300071, China;
| | - Bin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China;
| | - Sandrine Dhondt-Cordelier
- Unité de Recherche Résistance Induite et Bioprotection des Plantes—USC INRAE 1488, Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, 51100 Reims, France;
| | - Nathalie Vaillant-Gaveau
- Unité de Recherche Résistance Induite et Bioprotection des Plantes—USC INRAE 1488, Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, 51100 Reims, France;
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Eyssautier-Chuine S, Franco-Castillo I, Misra A, Hubert J, Vaillant-Gaveau N, Streb C, Mitchell SG. Evaluating the durability and performance of polyoxometalate-ionic liquid coatings on calcareous stones: Preventing biocolonisation in outdoor environments. Sci Total Environ 2023; 884:163739. [PMID: 37142021 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Rock-based materials exposed to outdoor environments are naturally colonised by an array of microorganisms, which can cause dissolution and fracturing of the natural stone. Biocolonisation of monuments and architectures of important cultural heritage therefore represents an expensive and recurring problem for local authorities and private owners alike. In this area, preventive strategies to mitigate biocolonisation are generally preferred to curative approaches, such as mechanical cleaning by brush or high-pressure cleaning, to remove pre-existing patina. The aim of this work was to study the interaction between biocidal polyoxometalate-ionic liquid (POM-IL) coatings and calcareous stones and evaluate the capacity of these coatings to prevent biocolonisation through a series of accelerated ageing studies in climate chambers, carried out in parallel with a two-year period of outdoor exposure in north-eastern France. Our experiments show that POM-IL coatings did not affect water vapour transfer nor significantly alter the total porosity of the calcareous stones. Simulated weathering studies replicating harsh (hot and wet) climatic weather conditions demonstrated that the colour variation of POM-IL-coated stones did not vary significantly with respect to the natural uncoated stones. Accelerated biocolonisation studies performed on the weathered POM-IL-coated stones proved that the coatings were still capable of preventing colonisation by an algal biofilm. However, a combination of colour measurements, chlorophyll fluorescence data, and scanning electron microscopy imaging of stones aged outdoors in northern France for two years showed that coated and uncoated stone samples showed signs of colonisation by fungal mycelium and phototrophs. Altogether, our results demonstrate that POM-ILs are suitable as preventative biocidal coatings for calcareous stones, but the correct concentrations must be chosen to achieve a balance between porosity of the stone, the resulting colour variation and the desired duration of the biocidal effect over longer periods of time, particularly in outdoor environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Eyssautier-Chuine
- Groupe d'Étude sur les Géomatériaux et les Environnements Naturels Anthropiques et Archéologiques 3795 (GEGENAA) - SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417 - 2, Esplanade Roland Garros, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51100 cedex Reims, France.
| | - Isabel Franco-Castillo
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA-CSIC/UNIZAR), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad de Zaragoza, c/ Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Archismita Misra
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry I, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Julien Hubert
- Groupe d'Étude sur les Géomatériaux et les Environnements Naturels Anthropiques et Archéologiques 3795 (GEGENAA) - SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417 - 2, Esplanade Roland Garros, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51100 cedex Reims, France
| | - Nathalie Vaillant-Gaveau
- Unité de Recherche EA 4707 Résistance Induite et Bioprotection des Plantes (RIBP), SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - Carsten Streb
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry I, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany; Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainy, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Scott G Mitchell
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA-CSIC/UNIZAR), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad de Zaragoza, c/ Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
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Amarouchi Z, Esmaeel Q, Sanchez L, Jacquard C, Hafidi M, Vaillant-Gaveau N, Ait Barka E. Beneficial Microorganisms to Control the Gray Mold of Grapevine: From Screening to Mechanisms. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9071386. [PMID: 34202293 PMCID: PMC8304954 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9071386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In many vineyards around the world, Botrytis cinerea (B. cinerea) causes one of the most serious diseases of aerial grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) organs. The control of the disease relies mainly on the use of chemical products whose use is increasingly challenged. To develop new sustainable methods to better resist B. cinerea, beneficial bacteria were isolated from vineyard soil. Once screened based on their antimicrobial effect through an in vivo test, two bacterial strains, S3 and S6, were able to restrict the development of the pathogen and significantly reduced the Botrytis-related necrosis. The photosynthesis analysis showed that the antagonistic strains also prevent grapevines from considerable irreversible PSII photo-inhibition four days after infection with B. cinerea. The 16S rRNA gene sequences of S3 exhibited 100% similarity to Bacillus velezensis, whereas S6 had 98.5% similarity to Enterobacter cloacae. On the other hand, the in silico analysis of the whole genome of isolated strains has revealed the presence of “biocontrol-related” genes supporting their plant growth and biocontrol activities. The study concludes that those bacteria could be potentially useful as a suitable biocontrol agent in harvested grapevine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zakaria Amarouchi
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, RIBP EA4707 USC INRAE 1488, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, 51100 Reims, France; (Z.A.); (Q.E.); (L.S.); (C.J.); (N.V.-G.)
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie Végétale et Valorisation des Bio-Ressources, Faculté des Sciences, Université Moulay Ismail, Meknès B.P. 11201, Morocco;
| | - Qassim Esmaeel
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, RIBP EA4707 USC INRAE 1488, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, 51100 Reims, France; (Z.A.); (Q.E.); (L.S.); (C.J.); (N.V.-G.)
| | - Lisa Sanchez
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, RIBP EA4707 USC INRAE 1488, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, 51100 Reims, France; (Z.A.); (Q.E.); (L.S.); (C.J.); (N.V.-G.)
| | - Cédric Jacquard
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, RIBP EA4707 USC INRAE 1488, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, 51100 Reims, France; (Z.A.); (Q.E.); (L.S.); (C.J.); (N.V.-G.)
| | - Majida Hafidi
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie Végétale et Valorisation des Bio-Ressources, Faculté des Sciences, Université Moulay Ismail, Meknès B.P. 11201, Morocco;
| | - Nathalie Vaillant-Gaveau
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, RIBP EA4707 USC INRAE 1488, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, 51100 Reims, France; (Z.A.); (Q.E.); (L.S.); (C.J.); (N.V.-G.)
| | - Essaid Ait Barka
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, RIBP EA4707 USC INRAE 1488, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, 51100 Reims, France; (Z.A.); (Q.E.); (L.S.); (C.J.); (N.V.-G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-326913221
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Sawicki M, Rondeau M, Courteaux B, Rabenoelina F, Guerriero G, Gomès E, Soubigou-Taconnat L, Balzergue S, Clément C, Ait Barka E, Vaillant-Gaveau N, Jacquard C. On a Cold Night: Transcriptomics of Grapevine Flower Unveils Signal Transduction and Impacted Metabolism. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E1130. [PMID: 30841651 PMCID: PMC6429367 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20051130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Low temperature is a critical environmental factor limiting plant productivity, especially in northern vineyards. To clarify the impact of this stress on grapevine flower, we used the Vitis array based on Roche-NimbleGen technology to investigate the gene expression of flowers submitted to a cold night. Our objectives were to identify modifications in the transcript levels after stress and during recovery. Consequently, our results confirmed some mechanisms known in grapes or other plants in response to cold stress, notably, (1) the pivotal role of calcium/calmodulin-mediated signaling; (2) the over-expression of sugar transporters and some genes involved in plant defense (especially in carbon metabolism), and (3) the down-regulation of genes encoding galactinol synthase (GOLS), pectate lyases, or polygalacturonases. We also identified some mechanisms not yet known to be involved in the response to cold stress, i.e., (1) the up-regulation of genes encoding G-type lectin S-receptor-like serine threonine-protein kinase, pathogen recognition receptor (PRR5), or heat-shock factors among others; (2) the down-regulation of Myeloblastosis (MYB)-related transcription factors and the Constans-like zinc finger family; and (3) the down-regulation of some genes encoding Pathogen-Related (PR)-proteins. Taken together, our results revealed interesting features and potentially valuable traits associated with stress responses in the grapevine flower. From a long-term perspective, our study provides useful starting points for future investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélodie Sawicki
- Unité de Recherche Résistance Induite et Bioprotection des Plantes-EA 4707, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Moulin de la Housse-Bâtiment 18, BP 1039, 51687 REIMS Cedex 2, France.
| | - Marine Rondeau
- Unité de Recherche Résistance Induite et Bioprotection des Plantes-EA 4707, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Moulin de la Housse-Bâtiment 18, BP 1039, 51687 REIMS Cedex 2, France.
| | - Barbara Courteaux
- Unité de Recherche Résistance Induite et Bioprotection des Plantes-EA 4707, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Moulin de la Housse-Bâtiment 18, BP 1039, 51687 REIMS Cedex 2, France.
| | - Fanja Rabenoelina
- Unité de Recherche Résistance Induite et Bioprotection des Plantes-EA 4707, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Moulin de la Housse-Bâtiment 18, BP 1039, 51687 REIMS Cedex 2, France.
| | - Gea Guerriero
- Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN) Department, 41 rue du Brill, L- 4422 Belvaux, Luxembourg.
| | - Eric Gomès
- Institute of Vine and Wine Sciences, UMR 1287 Ecophysiology and Grape Functional Genomics, University of Bordeaux, INRA 210 Chemin de Leysotte - CS 50008, 33882 Villenave d'Ornon CEDEX, France.
| | - Ludivine Soubigou-Taconnat
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris Saclay IPS2, CNRS, INRA, Université Paris-Sud, Université Evry, Université Paris-Saclay, Bâtiment 630, 91405 Orsay, France.
| | - Sandrine Balzergue
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris Saclay IPS2, CNRS, INRA, Université Paris-Sud, Université Evry, Université Paris-Saclay, Bâtiment 630, 91405 Orsay, France.
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay IPS2, Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris-Cité, Bâtiment 630, 91405, Orsay, France.
- IRHS, INRA, AGROCAMPUS-Ouest, Université d'Angers, SFR 4207 QUASAV, 42 rue Georges Morel, 49071 Beaucouzé CEDEX, France.
| | - Christophe Clément
- Unité de Recherche Résistance Induite et Bioprotection des Plantes-EA 4707, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Moulin de la Housse-Bâtiment 18, BP 1039, 51687 REIMS Cedex 2, France.
| | - Essaïd Ait Barka
- Unité de Recherche Résistance Induite et Bioprotection des Plantes-EA 4707, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Moulin de la Housse-Bâtiment 18, BP 1039, 51687 REIMS Cedex 2, France.
| | - Nathalie Vaillant-Gaveau
- Unité de Recherche Résistance Induite et Bioprotection des Plantes-EA 4707, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Moulin de la Housse-Bâtiment 18, BP 1039, 51687 REIMS Cedex 2, France.
| | - Cédric Jacquard
- Unité de Recherche Résistance Induite et Bioprotection des Plantes-EA 4707, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Moulin de la Housse-Bâtiment 18, BP 1039, 51687 REIMS Cedex 2, France.
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Issa A, Esmaeel Q, Sanchez L, Courteaux B, Guise JF, Gibon Y, Ballias P, Clément C, Jacquard C, Vaillant-Gaveau N, Aït Barka E. Impacts of Paraburkholderia phytofirmans Strain PsJN on Tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum L.) Under High Temperature. Front Plant Sci 2018; 9:1397. [PMID: 30405648 PMCID: PMC6201190 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Abnormal temperatures induce physiological and biochemical changes resulting in the loss of yield. The present study investigates the impact of the PsJN strain of Paraburkholderia phytofirmans on tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) in response to heat stress (32°C). The results of this work showed that bacterial inoculation with P. phytofirmans strain PsJN increased tomato growth parameters such as chlorophyll content and gas exchange at both normal and high temperatures (25 and 32°C). At normal temperature (25°C), the rate of photosynthesis and the photosystem II activity increased with significant accumulations of sugars, total amino acids, proline, and malate in the bacterized tomato plants, demonstrating that the PsJN strain had a positive effect on plant growth. However, the amount of sucrose, total amino acids, proline, and malate were significantly affected in tomato leaves at 32°C compared to that at 25°C. Changes in photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence showed that the bacterized tomato plants were well acclimated at 32°C. These results reinforce the current knowledge about the PsJN strain of P. phytofirmans and highlight in particular its ability to alleviate the harmful effects of high temperatures by stimulating the growth and tolerance of tomato plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa Issa
- SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Unité de Recherche Résistance Induite et BioProtection des Plantes, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - Qassim Esmaeel
- SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Unité de Recherche Résistance Induite et BioProtection des Plantes, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - Lisa Sanchez
- SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Unité de Recherche Résistance Induite et BioProtection des Plantes, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - Barbara Courteaux
- SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Unité de Recherche Résistance Induite et BioProtection des Plantes, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - Jean-Francois Guise
- SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Unité de Recherche Résistance Induite et BioProtection des Plantes, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - Yves Gibon
- UMR 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, INRA, Villenave-d’Ornon, France
| | - Patricia Ballias
- UMR 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, INRA, Villenave-d’Ornon, France
| | - Christophe Clément
- SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Unité de Recherche Résistance Induite et BioProtection des Plantes, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - Cédric Jacquard
- SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Unité de Recherche Résistance Induite et BioProtection des Plantes, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - Nathalie Vaillant-Gaveau
- SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Unité de Recherche Résistance Induite et BioProtection des Plantes, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - Essaïd Aït Barka
- SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Unité de Recherche Résistance Induite et BioProtection des Plantes, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
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Rabhi NEH, Silini A, Cherif-Silini H, Yahiaoui B, Lekired A, Robineau M, Esmaeel Q, Jacquard C, Vaillant-Gaveau N, Clément C, Aït Barka E, Sanchez L. Pseudomonas knackmussii MLR6, a rhizospheric strain isolated from halophyte, enhances salt tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana. J Appl Microbiol 2018; 125:1836-1851. [PMID: 30142236 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The study aimed for evaluate the efficacy of Pseudomonas knackmussii MLR6 on growth promotion, photosynthetic responses, pigment contents and gene expression of the plant model Arabidopsis thaliana under NaCl stress. METHODS AND RESULTS The strain MLR6 was isolated from the rhizopshere of the halophyte Salsola tetrandra collected from a natural saline Algerian soil. Results showed the ability of MLR6 to induce plant growth promoting traits even under NaCl stress. The inoculation with MLR6 improved the stomatal conductance, the transpiration rate, the total chlorophyll and carotenoids contents under salt stress. It conferred also an increase of fresh/dry weight as well as plant height. MLR6 inoculation further provided a positive effect on cell membrane stability by reducing the electrolyte leakage and priming the ROS accumulation after the salt exposition. Additionally, the expression of NHX1, HKT1, SOS2, and SOS3 as well as SAG13 and PR1 was maintained in MLR6-bacterized plant at a similar level of controls. CONCLUSIONS The inoculation of Arabidopsis thaliana with MLR6 improves plant growth and reduces damages caused by salt stress. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF STUDY The use of Pseudomonas knackmussii MLR6 appears as a promising strategy to improve the sustainable agriculture under saline conditions. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nour El Houda Rabhi
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Appliquée, Département de Microbiologie, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université Ferhat Abbas, Sétif-1, Algérie
- Unité de Recherche EA, 4707 Résistance Induite et Bioprotection des Plantes, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - Allaoua Silini
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Appliquée, Département de Microbiologie, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université Ferhat Abbas, Sétif-1, Algérie
| | - Hafssa Cherif-Silini
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Appliquée, Département de Microbiologie, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université Ferhat Abbas, Sétif-1, Algérie
| | - Bilal Yahiaoui
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Appliquée, Département de Microbiologie, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université Ferhat Abbas, Sétif-1, Algérie
| | - Abdelmalek Lekired
- Laboratoire Microorganismes et Biomolécules Actives LMBA, Université de Tunis El Manar
| | - Mathilde Robineau
- Unité de Recherche EA, 4707 Résistance Induite et Bioprotection des Plantes, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - Qassim Esmaeel
- Unité de Recherche EA, 4707 Résistance Induite et Bioprotection des Plantes, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - Cédric Jacquard
- Unité de Recherche EA, 4707 Résistance Induite et Bioprotection des Plantes, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - Nathalie Vaillant-Gaveau
- Unité de Recherche EA, 4707 Résistance Induite et Bioprotection des Plantes, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - Christophe Clément
- Unité de Recherche EA, 4707 Résistance Induite et Bioprotection des Plantes, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - Essaïd Aït Barka
- Unité de Recherche EA, 4707 Résistance Induite et Bioprotection des Plantes, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - Lisa Sanchez
- Unité de Recherche EA, 4707 Résistance Induite et Bioprotection des Plantes, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
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7
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Su F, Villaume S, Rabenoelina F, Crouzet J, Clément C, Vaillant-Gaveau N, Dhondt-Cordelier S. Different Arabidopsis thaliana photosynthetic and defense responses to hemibiotrophic pathogen induced by local or distal inoculation of Burkholderia phytofirmans. Photosynth Res 2017; 134:201-214. [PMID: 28840464 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-017-0435-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Pathogen infection of plant results in modification of photosynthesis and defense mechanisms. Beneficial microorganisms are known to improve plant tolerance to stresses. Burkholderia phytofirmans PsJN (Bp), a beneficial endophytic bacterium, promotes growth of a wide range of plants and induces plant resistance against abiotic and biotic stresses such as coldness and infection by a necrotrophic pathogen. However, mechanisms underlying its role in plant tolerance towards (hemi)biotrophic invaders is still lacking. We thus decipher photosynthetic and defense responses during the interaction between Arabidopsis, Bp and the hemibiotrophic bacterium Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 (Pst). Different Bp inoculations allowed analyzes at both systemic and local levels. Despite no direct antibacterial action, our results showed that only local presence of Bp alleviates Pst growth in planta during the early stage of infection. Molecular investigations showed that seed inoculation of Bp, leading to a restricted presence in the root system, transiently primed PR1 expression after challenge with Pst but continuously primed PDF1.2 expression. Bacterization with Bp reduced Y(ND) but had no impact on PSII activity or RuBisCO accumulation. Pst infection caused an increase of Y(NA) and a decrease in ΦPSI, ETRI and in PSII activity, showed by a decrease in Fv/Fm, Y(NPQ), ΦPSII, and ETRII values. Inoculation with both bacteria did not display any variation in photosynthetic activity compared to plants inoculated with only Pst. Our findings indicated that the role of Bp here is not multifaceted, and relies only on priming of defense mechanisms but not on improving photosynthetic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Su
- Unité de Recherche Vignes et Vins de Champagne - EA 4707, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51687, Reims, France
| | - Sandra Villaume
- Unité de Recherche Vignes et Vins de Champagne - EA 4707, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51687, Reims, France
| | - Fanja Rabenoelina
- Unité de Recherche Vignes et Vins de Champagne - EA 4707, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51687, Reims, France
| | - Jérôme Crouzet
- Unité de Recherche Vignes et Vins de Champagne - EA 4707, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51687, Reims, France
| | - Christophe Clément
- Unité de Recherche Vignes et Vins de Champagne - EA 4707, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51687, Reims, France
| | - Nathalie Vaillant-Gaveau
- Unité de Recherche Vignes et Vins de Champagne - EA 4707, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51687, Reims, France
| | - Sandrine Dhondt-Cordelier
- Unité de Recherche Vignes et Vins de Champagne - EA 4707, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51687, Reims, France.
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8
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Su F, Gilard F, Guérard F, Citerne S, Clément C, Vaillant-Gaveau N, Dhondt-Cordelier S. Spatio-temporal Responses of Arabidopsis Leaves in Photosynthetic Performance and Metabolite Contents to Burkholderia phytofirmans PsJN. Front Plant Sci 2016; 7:403. [PMID: 27066045 PMCID: PMC4811906 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
A valuable strategy to improve crop yield consists in the use of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPRs). However, the influence of PGPR colonization on plant physiology is largely unknown. PGPR Burkholderia phytofirmans strain PsJN (Bp PsJN) colonized only Arabidopsis thaliana roots after seed or soil inoculation. Foliar bacteria were detected only after leaf infiltration. Since, different bacterial times of presence and/or locations in host plant could lead to different plant physiological responses, photosynthesis, and metabolite profiles in A. thaliana leaves were thus investigated following leaf, root, or seed inoculation with Bp PsJN. Only Bp PsJN leaf colonization transiently decreased cyclic electron transport and effective quantum yield of photosystem I (PSI), and prevented a decrease in net photosynthesis and stomatal opening compared to the corresponding control. Metabolomic analysis revealed that soluble sugars, amino acids or their derivatives accumulated differently in all Bp PsJN-inoculated plants. Octanoic acid accumulated only in case of inoculated plants. Modifications in vitamin, organic acid such as tricarboxylic acid intermediates, and hormone amounts were dependent on bacterial time of presence and location. Additionally, a larger array of amino acids and hormones (auxin, cytokinin, abscisic acid) were modified by seed inoculation with Bp PsJN. Our work thereby provides evidence that relative short-term inoculation with Bp PsJN altered physiological status of A. thaliana leaves, whereas long-term bacterization triggered modifications on a larger set of metabolites. Our data highlighted the changes displayed during this plant-microbe interaction to trigger physiological and metabolic responses that could explain the increase in plant growth or stress tolerance conferred by the presence of Bp PsJN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Su
- Unité de Recherche Vignes et Vins de Champagne – EA 4707, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne-ArdenneReims, France
| | - Françoise Gilard
- UMR CNRS-INRA 9213, Saclay Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay IPS2 (Bâtiment 630), Université Paris-SudOrsay, France
| | - Florence Guérard
- UMR CNRS-INRA 9213, Saclay Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay IPS2 (Bâtiment 630), Université Paris-SudOrsay, France
| | - Sylvie Citerne
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR 1318 INRA-AgroParisTech, ERL 3559 CNRS, INRA Versailles-GrignonVersailles, France
| | - Christophe Clément
- Unité de Recherche Vignes et Vins de Champagne – EA 4707, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne-ArdenneReims, France
| | - Nathalie Vaillant-Gaveau
- Unité de Recherche Vignes et Vins de Champagne – EA 4707, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne-ArdenneReims, France
| | - Sandrine Dhondt-Cordelier
- Unité de Recherche Vignes et Vins de Champagne – EA 4707, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne-ArdenneReims, France
- *Correspondence: Sandrine Dhondt-Cordelier,
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9
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Sawicki M, Ait Barka E, Clément C, Gilard F, Tcherkez G, Baillieul F, Vaillant-Gaveau N, Jacquard C. Cold-night responses in grapevine inflorescences. Plant Sci 2015; 239:115-27. [PMID: 26398796 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2015.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2015] [Revised: 07/26/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Cold nights impact grapevine flower development and fruit set. Regulation at the female meiosis stepmay be of considerable importance for further understanding on how flower reacts to cold stress. In this study, the impact of chilling temperature (0 °C overnight) on carbon metabolism was investigated in the inflorescencesof two cultivars, Pinot noir (Pinot) and Gewurztraminer (Gewurtz.). Fluctuations in photosynthetic activity and carbohydrate metabolism were monitored by analyzing gas exchanges, simultaneous photosystem I and II activities, andcarbohydrate content. Further, the expression of PEPc, PC, FNR, ISO, OXO, AGPase, amylases and invertase genes, activities of various enzymes, as well as metabolomic analysis were attained. Results showed that the chilling night has different impacts depending on cultivars. Thus, in Gewurtz., net photosynthesis (Pn) was transiently increased whereas, in Pinot, the Pn increase was persistent and concomitant with an inhibition of respiration. However, during the days following the cold night, photosynthetic activity was decreased, and the cyclic electron flow was inhibited in Gewurtz., suggesting lower efficient energy dissipation. Likewise, metabolomic analysis revealed that several metabolites contents (namely alanine, GABA, lysine and succinate)were distinctly modulated in the two cultivars. Taking together, these results reflect a photosynthetic metabolism alteration or internal CO2 conductance in Gewurtz. explaining partly why Pinot is less susceptible to cold stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélodie Sawicki
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Unité de Recherche Vignes et Vins de Champagne-EA 4707, Laboratoire de Stress, Défenses et Reproduction des Plantes, Moulin de la Housse-Bâtiment 18, BP 1039, 51687 Reims Cedex 2, France
| | - Essaid Ait Barka
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Unité de Recherche Vignes et Vins de Champagne-EA 4707, Laboratoire de Stress, Défenses et Reproduction des Plantes, Moulin de la Housse-Bâtiment 18, BP 1039, 51687 Reims Cedex 2, France.
| | - Christophe Clément
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Unité de Recherche Vignes et Vins de Champagne-EA 4707, Laboratoire de Stress, Défenses et Reproduction des Plantes, Moulin de la Housse-Bâtiment 18, BP 1039, 51687 Reims Cedex 2, France
| | - Françoise Gilard
- Institut de Biologie des Plantes, Université Paris Sud-CNRS, UMR 8618 Rue de Noetzlin-Bâtiment 630, Plateau du Moulon, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Guillaume Tcherkez
- Institut de Biologie des Plantes, Université Paris Sud-CNRS, UMR 8618 Rue de Noetzlin-Bâtiment 630, Plateau du Moulon, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Fabienne Baillieul
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Unité de Recherche Vignes et Vins de Champagne-EA 4707, Laboratoire de Stress, Défenses et Reproduction des Plantes, Moulin de la Housse-Bâtiment 18, BP 1039, 51687 Reims Cedex 2, France
| | - Nathalie Vaillant-Gaveau
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Unité de Recherche Vignes et Vins de Champagne-EA 4707, Laboratoire de Stress, Défenses et Reproduction des Plantes, Moulin de la Housse-Bâtiment 18, BP 1039, 51687 Reims Cedex 2, France
| | - Cédric Jacquard
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Unité de Recherche Vignes et Vins de Champagne-EA 4707, Laboratoire de Stress, Défenses et Reproduction des Plantes, Moulin de la Housse-Bâtiment 18, BP 1039, 51687 Reims Cedex 2, France
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10
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Sawicki M, Jacquens L, Baillieul F, Clément C, Vaillant-Gaveau N, Jacquard C. Distinct regulation in inflorescence carbohydrate metabolism according to grapevine cultivars during floral development. Physiol Plant 2015; 154:447-467. [PMID: 25585972 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.12321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2014] [Revised: 12/08/2014] [Accepted: 12/17/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Carbohydrate metabolism is important in plant sexual reproduction because sugar contents are determining factors for both flower initiation and floral organ development. In woody plants, flowering represents the most energy-consuming step crucial to reproductive success. Nevertheless, in these species, the photosynthesis performed by flowers supplies the carbon required for reproduction. In grapevine (Vitis vinifera), the inflorescence has a specific status because this organ imports carbohydrates at the same time as it exports photoassimilates. In this study, fluctuations in carbohydrate metabolism were monitored by analyzing gas exchanges, photosynthetic electron transport capacity, carbohydrate contents and some activities of carbohydrate metabolism enzymes, in the inflorescences of Pinot noir and Gewurztraminer, two cultivars with a different sensitivity to coulure phenomenon. Our results showed that photosynthetic activity and carbohydrate metabolism are clearly different and differently regulated during the floral development in the two cultivars. Indeed, the regulation of the linear electron flow and the cyclic electron flow is not similar. Moreover, the regulation of PSII activity, with a higher Y(NPQ)/Y(NO) ratio in Gewurztraminer, can be correlated with the higher protection of the photosynthetic chain and consequently with the higher yield under optimal conditions of this cultivar. At least, our results showed a higher photosynthetic activity and a better protection of PSI in Pinot noir during the floral development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélodie Sawicki
- Laboratoire de Stress, Défenses et Reproduction des Plantes, UPRES EA4707, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UFR Sciences, Reims, France
| | - Lucile Jacquens
- Laboratoire de Stress, Défenses et Reproduction des Plantes, UPRES EA4707, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UFR Sciences, Reims, France
| | - Fabienne Baillieul
- Laboratoire de Stress, Défenses et Reproduction des Plantes, UPRES EA4707, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UFR Sciences, Reims, France
| | - Christophe Clément
- Laboratoire de Stress, Défenses et Reproduction des Plantes, UPRES EA4707, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UFR Sciences, Reims, France
| | - Nathalie Vaillant-Gaveau
- Laboratoire de Stress, Défenses et Reproduction des Plantes, UPRES EA4707, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UFR Sciences, Reims, France
| | - Cédric Jacquard
- Laboratoire de Stress, Défenses et Reproduction des Plantes, UPRES EA4707, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UFR Sciences, Reims, France
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11
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Vatsa-Portugal P, Walker AS, Jacquens L, Clément C, Barka EA, Vaillant-Gaveau N. Inflorescences vs leaves: a distinct modulation of carbon metabolism process during Botrytis infection. Physiol Plant 2015; 154:162-177. [PMID: 25251162 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.12287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2014] [Revised: 07/30/2014] [Accepted: 08/21/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Plant growth and survival depends critically on photo assimilates. Pathogen infection leads to changes in carbohydrate metabolism of plants. In this study, we monitored changes in the carbohydrate metabolism in the grapevine inflorescence and leaves using Botrytis cinerea and Botrytis pseudo cinerea. Fluctuations in gas exchange were correlated with variations in chlorophyll a fluorescence. During infection, the inflorescences showed an increase in net photosynthesis (Pn) with a stomatal limitation. In leaves, photosynthesis decreased, with a non-stomatal limitation. A decrease in the effective photosystem II (PSII) quantum yield (ΦPSII) was accompanied by an increase in photochemical quenching (qP) and non-photochemical quenching (qN). The enhancement of qP and ΦPSII could explain the observed increase in Pn. In leaves, the significant decline in ΦPSII and qP, and increase in qN suggest that energy was mostly oriented toward heat dissipation instead of CO2 fixation. The accumulation of glucose and sucrose in inflorescences and glucose and fructose in the leaves during infection indicate that the plant's carbon metabolism is differently regulated in these two organs. While a strong accumulation of starch was observed at 24 and 48 hours post-inoculation (hpi) with both species of Botrytis in the inflorescences, a significant decrease with B. cinerea at 24 hpi and a significant increase with B. pseudo cinerea at 48 hpi were observed in the leaves. On the basis of these results, it can be said that during pathogen attack, the metabolism of grapevine inflorescence and leaf is modified suggesting distinct mechanisms modifying gas exchange, PSII activity and sugar contents in these two organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parul Vatsa-Portugal
- Laboratoire de Stress, Défenses et Reproduction des Plantes, Unité de Recherche Vigne et Vin de Champagne URVVC EA 4707, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Reims, F-51687, France
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12
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Sawicki M, Aït Barka E, Clément C, Vaillant-Gaveau N, Jacquard C. Cross-talk between environmental stresses and plant metabolism during reproductive organ abscission. J Exp Bot 2015; 66:1707-19. [PMID: 25711702 PMCID: PMC4669552 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eru533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2014] [Revised: 12/04/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
In plants, flowering is a crucial process for reproductive success and continuity of the species through time. Fruit production requires the perfect development of reproductive structures. Abscission, a natural process, can occur to facilitate shedding of no longer needed, infected, or damaged organs. If stress occurs during flower development, abscission can intervene at flower level, leading to reduced yield. Flower abscission is a highly regulated developmental process simultaneously influenced and activated in response to exogenous (changing environmental conditions, interactions with microorganisms) and endogenous (physiological modifications) stimuli. During climate change, plant communities will be more susceptible to environmental stresses, leading to increased flower and fruit abscission, and consequently a decrease in fruit yield. Understanding the impacts of stress on the reproductive phase is therefore critical for managing future agricultural productivity. Here, current knowledge on flower/fruit abscission is summarized by focusing specifically on effects of environmental stresses leading to this process in woody plants. Many of these stresses impair hormonal balance and/or carbohydrate metabolism, but the exact mechanisms are far from completely known. Hormones are the abscission effectors and the auxin/ethylene balance is of particular importance. The carbohydrate pathway is the result of complex regulatory processes involving the balance between photosynthesis and mobilization of reserves. Hormones and carbohydrates together participate in complex signal transduction systems, especially in response to stress. The available data are discussed in relation to reproductive organ development and the process of abscission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélodie Sawicki
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Unité de Recherche Vignes et Vins de Champagne - EA 4707, Moulin de la Housse - Bâtiment 18, BP 1039, 51687 Reims Cedex 2, France
| | - Essaïd Aït Barka
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Unité de Recherche Vignes et Vins de Champagne - EA 4707, Moulin de la Housse - Bâtiment 18, BP 1039, 51687 Reims Cedex 2, France
| | - Christophe Clément
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Unité de Recherche Vignes et Vins de Champagne - EA 4707, Moulin de la Housse - Bâtiment 18, BP 1039, 51687 Reims Cedex 2, France
| | - Nathalie Vaillant-Gaveau
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Unité de Recherche Vignes et Vins de Champagne - EA 4707, Moulin de la Housse - Bâtiment 18, BP 1039, 51687 Reims Cedex 2, France
| | - Cédric Jacquard
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Unité de Recherche Vignes et Vins de Champagne - EA 4707, Moulin de la Housse - Bâtiment 18, BP 1039, 51687 Reims Cedex 2, France
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13
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Su F, Jacquard C, Villaume S, Michel J, Rabenoelina F, Clément C, Barka EA, Dhondt-Cordelier S, Vaillant-Gaveau N. Burkholderia phytofirmans PsJN reduces impact of freezing temperatures on photosynthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana. Front Plant Sci 2015; 6:810. [PMID: 26483823 PMCID: PMC4591482 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Several plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are known to improve plant tolerance to multiple stresses, including low temperatures. However, mechanisms underlying this protection are still poorly understood. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of the endophytic PGPR, Burkholderia phytofirmans strain PsJN (Bp PsJN), on Arabidopsis thaliana cold tolerance using photosynthesis parameters as physiological markers. Under standard conditions, our results indicated that Bp PsJN inoculation led to growth promotion of Arabidopsis plants without significant modification on photosynthesis parameters and chloroplast organization. However, bacterial colonization induced a cell wall strengthening in the mesophyll. Impact of inoculation modes (either on seeds or by soil irrigation) and their effects overnight at 0, -1, or -3°C, were investigated by following photosystem II (PSII) activity and gas exchanges. Following low temperatures stress, a decrease of photosynthesis parameters was observed. In addition, during three consecutive nights or days at -1°C, PSII activity was monitored. Pigment contents, RuBisCO protein abundance, expression of several genes including RbcS, RbcL, CBF1, CBF2, CBF3, ICE1, COR15a, and COR78 were evaluated at the end of exposure. To assess the impact of the bacteria on cell ultrastructure under low temperatures, microscopic observations were achieved. Results indicated that freezing treatment induced significant changes in PSII activity as early as the first cold day, whereas the same impact on PSII activity was observed only during the third cold night. The significant effects conferred by PsJN were differential accumulation of pigments, and reduced expression of RbcL and COR78. Microscopical observations showed an alteration/disorganization in A. thaliana leaf mesophyll cells independently of the freezing treatments. The presence of bacteria during the three successive nights or days did not significantly improved A. thaliana responses but prevented the plasmalemma disruption under freezing stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Su
- Unité de Recherche Vignes et Vins de Champagne – EA 4707, Laboratoire de Stress, Défenses et Reproduction des Plantes, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Université de Reims Champagne-ArdenneReims, France
| | - Cédric Jacquard
- Unité de Recherche Vignes et Vins de Champagne – EA 4707, Laboratoire de Stress, Défenses et Reproduction des Plantes, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Université de Reims Champagne-ArdenneReims, France
| | - Sandra Villaume
- Unité de Recherche Vignes et Vins de Champagne – EA 4707, Laboratoire de Stress, Défenses et Reproduction des Plantes, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Université de Reims Champagne-ArdenneReims, France
| | - Jean Michel
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Nanosciences, Pôle FarmanReims, France
| | - Fanja Rabenoelina
- Unité de Recherche Vignes et Vins de Champagne – EA 4707, Laboratoire de Stress, Défenses et Reproduction des Plantes, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Université de Reims Champagne-ArdenneReims, France
| | - Christophe Clément
- Unité de Recherche Vignes et Vins de Champagne – EA 4707, Laboratoire de Stress, Défenses et Reproduction des Plantes, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Université de Reims Champagne-ArdenneReims, France
| | - Essaid A. Barka
- Unité de Recherche Vignes et Vins de Champagne – EA 4707, Laboratoire de Stress, Défenses et Reproduction des Plantes, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Université de Reims Champagne-ArdenneReims, France
| | - Sandrine Dhondt-Cordelier
- Unité de Recherche Vignes et Vins de Champagne – EA 4707, Laboratoire de Stress, Défenses et Reproduction des Plantes, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Université de Reims Champagne-ArdenneReims, France
| | - Nathalie Vaillant-Gaveau
- Unité de Recherche Vignes et Vins de Champagne – EA 4707, Laboratoire de Stress, Défenses et Reproduction des Plantes, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Université de Reims Champagne-ArdenneReims, France
- *Correspondence: Nathalie Vaillant-Gaveau, Unité de Recherche Vignes et Vins de Champagne – EA 4707, Laboratoire de Stress, Défenses et Reproduction des Plantes, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Moulin de la Housse – Bâtiment 18, BP 1039, 51687 Reims Cedex 2, France,
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14
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Sawicki M, Jeanson E, Celiz V, Clément C, Jacquard C, Vaillant-Gaveau N. Adaptation of grapevine flowers to cold involves different mechanisms depending on stress intensity. PLoS One 2012; 7:e46976. [PMID: 23071684 PMCID: PMC3468596 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0046976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2012] [Accepted: 09/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Grapevine flower development and fruit set are influenced by cold nights in the vineyard. To investigate the impact of cold stress on carbon metabolism in the inflorescence, we exposed the inflorescences of fruiting cuttings to chilling and freezing temperatures overnight and measured fluctuations in photosynthesis and sugar content. Whatever the temperature, after the stress treatment photosynthesis was modified in the inflorescence, but the nature of the alteration depended on the intensity of the cold stress. At 4°C, photosynthesis in the inflorescence was impaired through non-stomatal limitations, whereas at 0°C it was affected through stomatal limitations. A freezing night (-3°C) severely deregulated photosynthesis in the inflorescence, acting primarily on photosystem II. Cold nights also induced accumulation of sugars. Soluble carbohydrates increased in inflorescences exposed to -3°C, 0°C and 4°C, but starch accumulated only in inflorescences of plants treated at 0 and -3°C. These results suggest that inflorescences are able to cope with cold temperatures by adapting their carbohydrate metabolism using mechanisms that are differentially induced according to stress intensity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélodie Sawicki
- Laboratoire de Stress, Défenses et Reproduction des Plantes, Unité de Recherche Vignes et Vins de Champagne - EA 4707, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, BP 1039, Reims, France
| | - Etienne Jeanson
- Laboratoire de Stress, Défenses et Reproduction des Plantes, Unité de Recherche Vignes et Vins de Champagne - EA 4707, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, BP 1039, Reims, France
| | - Vanessa Celiz
- Laboratoire de Stress, Défenses et Reproduction des Plantes, Unité de Recherche Vignes et Vins de Champagne - EA 4707, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, BP 1039, Reims, France
| | - Christophe Clément
- Laboratoire de Stress, Défenses et Reproduction des Plantes, Unité de Recherche Vignes et Vins de Champagne - EA 4707, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, BP 1039, Reims, France
| | - Cédric Jacquard
- Laboratoire de Stress, Défenses et Reproduction des Plantes, Unité de Recherche Vignes et Vins de Champagne - EA 4707, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, BP 1039, Reims, France
| | - Nathalie Vaillant-Gaveau
- Laboratoire de Stress, Défenses et Reproduction des Plantes, Unité de Recherche Vignes et Vins de Champagne - EA 4707, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, BP 1039, Reims, France
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Petit AN, Fontaine F, Vatsa P, Clément C, Vaillant-Gaveau N. Fungicide impacts on photosynthesis in crop plants. Photosynth Res 2012; 111:315-26. [PMID: 22302592 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-012-9719-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2011] [Accepted: 01/12/2012] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Fungicides are widely used to control pests in crop plants. However, it has been reported that these pesticides may have negative effects on crop physiology, especially on photosynthesis. An alteration in photosynthesis might lead to a reduction in photoassimilate production, resulting in a decrease in both growth and yield of crop plants. For example, a contact fungicide such as copper inhibits photosynthesis by destroying chloroplasts, affecting photosystem II activity and chlorophyll biosynthesis. Systemic fungicides such as benzimidazoles, anilides, and pyrimidine are also phytotoxic, whereas azoles stimulate photosynthesis. This article focuses on the available information about toxic effects of fungicides on photosynthesis in crop plants, highlighting the mechanisms of perturbation, interaction, and the target sites of different classes of fungicides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Noëlle Petit
- Laboratoire de Stress, Défenses et Reproduction des Plantes, URVVC EA 2069, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Bâtiment 18, Moulin de la Housse, BP 1039, 51687 Reims Cedex 2, France
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Gamm M, Héloir MC, Bligny R, Vaillant-Gaveau N, Trouvelot S, Alcaraz G, Frettinger P, Clément C, Pugin A, Wendehenne D, Adrian M. Changes in carbohydrate metabolism in Plasmopara viticola-infected grapevine leaves. Mol Plant Microbe Interact 2011; 24:1061-73. [PMID: 21649510 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-02-11-0040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The oomycete Plasmopara viticola is responsible for downy mildew, a severe grapevine disease. In infected grapevine leaves, we have observed an abnormal starch accumulation at the end of the dark period, suggesting modifications in starch metabolism. Therefore, several complementary approaches, including transcriptomic analyses, measurements of enzyme activities, and sugar quantification, were performed in order to investigate and to understand the effects of P. viticola infection on leaf starch and-to a larger extent-carbohydrate metabolism. Our results indicate that starch accumulation is associated with an increase in ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGPase) activity and modifications in the starch degradation pathway, especially an increased α-amylase activity. Together with these alterations in starch metabolism, we have observed an accumulation of hexoses, an increase in invertase activity, and a reduction of photosynthesis, indicating a source-to-sink transition in infected leaf tissue. Additionally, we have measured an accumulation of the disaccharide trehalose correlated to an increased trehalase gene expression and enzyme activity. Altogether, these results highlight a dramatic alteration of carbohydrate metabolism correlated with later stages of P. viticola development in leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Gamm
- Universite de Bourgogne Plante Microbe Environnement, Dijon Cedex, France
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Vaillant-Gaveau N, Maillard P, Wojnarowiez G, Gross P, Clément C, Fontaine F. Inflorescence of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.): a high ability to distribute its own assimilates. J Exp Bot 2011; 62:4183-4190. [PMID: 21561954 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/err121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The distribution of carbon (C) into whole grapevine fruiting cuttings was investigated during flower development to determine the relative contribution of inflorescence and leaf photoassimilates in the total C balance and to investigate their partitioning towards other plant organs. A (13)C labelling procedure was used to label C photoassimilates by leaves and inflorescences in grapevine. Investigations were carried out at various stages of flower/berry development, from separated cluster to fruit set, using grapevine fruiting cuttings with four leaves (Vitis vinifera L. cv. Chardonnay). This is the first study reporting that, during its development, (i) the carbon needs of the inflorescence were met by both leaf and inflorescence photosynthesis, and (ii) the inflorescence amazingly participated significantly to the total C balance of grapevine cuttings by redistributing an important part of its own assimilates to other plant organs. With regard to flowering, 29% of C assimilated by the inflorescence remained in the inflorescence, while partitioning towards the stem reached 42% and, as a lower proportion, 15% in leaves, and 14% in roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Vaillant-Gaveau
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, URVVC-SE EA 2069, Laboratoire de Stress, Défenses et Reproduction des Plantes, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Moulin de la Housse, BP 1039, F-51687 Reims Cedex 2, France
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18
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Letousey P, Baillieul F, Perrot G, Rabenoelina F, Boulay M, Vaillant-Gaveau N, Clément C, Fontaine F. Early events prior to visual symptoms in the apoplectic form of grapevine esca disease. Phytopathology 2010; 100:424-31. [PMID: 20373962 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-100-5-0424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Plant infection by pathogens generates various forms of symptoms. Most of them have been described as soon as they become visible, whereas preceding, discrete signs during incubation are poorly or not understood. In Vitis vinifera, esca-related pathogenic fungi inhabit living trunk wood and induce the so-called apoplexy, a sudden wilting of leaves within a few days. To further understand the apoplexy expression, the period preceding symptom appearance was investigated by following physiological and molecular markers associated with photosynthetic mechanisms and stress responses. Within the week preceding symptoms, drastic physiological alterations of photosynthesis were registered in pre-apoplectic vines, as revealed by a decrease in gas exchange, changes in chlorophyll fluorescence, and repression of photosynthesis-related genes. In the meantime, expression of defense-related genes was induced and amplified during symptom expression. Water-stress-related genes were specifically investigated because water transport may be impeded by clogging xylem vessels due to esca-causing fungi. Neither of the tested water-stress-related genes was affected in pre-apoplectic grapevine leaves whereas these genes were downregulated in drying leaves. Our results suggest that, during incubation of esca apoplexy, grapevine perceives some signals (likely fungi-originated toxins) and reacts by reducing photosynthesis and triggering defense mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Letousey
- Laboratoire de Stress, Défenses et Reproduction des Plantes, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
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Petit AN, Wojnarowiez G, Panon ML, Baillieul F, Clément C, Fontaine F, Vaillant-Gaveau N. Botryticides affect grapevine leaf photosynthesis without inducing defense mechanisms. Planta 2009; 229:497-506. [PMID: 19002490 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-008-0849-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2008] [Accepted: 10/21/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The effects of the two botryticides, fludioxonil (fdx) and fenhexamid (fhd), were investigated on grapevine leaves (Vitis vinifera L. cv. Pinot noir) following photosynthesis and defense mechanisms. Treatments were carried out in vineyard at the end of flowering. Phytotoxicity of both fungicides was evaluated by measuring variations of leaf photosynthetic parameters and correlated expression of photosynthesis-related genes. Results demonstrated that similar decrease in photosynthesis was caused by fdx and fhd applications. Moreover, the mechanism leading to photosynthesis alteration seems to be the same for both fungicides. Stomatal limitation to photosynthetic gas exchange did not change following treatments indicating that inhibition of photosynthesis was mostly attributed to non-stomatal factors. Nevertheless, fungicides-induced depression of photosynthesis was related neither to a decrease in Rubisco carboxylation efficiency and in the capacity for regeneration of ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate nor to loss in PSII activity. However, fdx and fhd treatments generated repression of genes encoding proteins involved in the photosynthetic process. Indeed, decreased photosynthesis was coupled with repression of PsbP subunit of photosystem II (psbP1), chlorophyll a/b binding protein of photosystem I (cab) and Rubisco small subunit (rbcS) genes. A repression of these genes may participate in the photosynthesis alteration. To our knowledge, this is the first study of photosynthesis-related gene expression following fungicide stress. In the meantime, defense responses were followed by measuring chitinase activity and expression of varied defense-related genes encoding proteins involved in phenylpropanoid synthesis (PAL) or octadecanoid synthesis (LOX), as well as pathogenesis-related protein (Chi4C). No induction of defense was observed in botryticides-treated leaves. To conclude, the photosynthesis is affected without any triggering of plant defense responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Noëlle Petit
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UFR Sciences, BP 1039, 51687, Reims Cedex 2, France
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Petit AN, Baillieul F, Vaillant-Gaveau N, Jacquens L, Conreux A, Jeandet P, Clément C, Fontaine F. Low responsiveness of grapevine flowers and berries at fruit set to UV-C irradiation. J Exp Bot 2009; 60:1155-1162. [PMID: 19174460 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ern361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
In grapevine, stimulation of defence responses was evidenced in response to various types of abiotic stresses in both leaves and berries, as revealed by the increasing expression of genes encoding defence-related proteins or the stimulation of their corresponding activities. However, the capability of inflorescences to respond to abiotic stresses has never been investigated. Therefore, plant defence reactions in response to UV-C irradiation were followed in inflorescences and young clusters focusing on both bunchstems (peduncle and pedicels) and developing flowers/berries from separated floral buds stage [Biologische Bundesanstalt, Bundessortenamt and CHemical industry (BBCH) stage 57] to groat-sized berries stage (BBCH 73). For this purpose, the expression of various genes coding for pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins (class I and III chitinases, Chi1b and CH3; beta-1,3-glucanase, GLUC), an enzyme of the phenylpropanoid pathway (phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, PAL), and stilbene synthase (STS) was analysed in parallel with variations of chitinase activity and the accumulation of the phytoalexin resveratrol. Multiple defence responses were induced in bunchstems of both inflorescences and clusters following UV-C treatment. First, expression of genes encoding PR proteins was stimulated and chitinase activity was enhanced. Secondly, PAL and STS expression increased in association with resveratrol accumulation. Amazingly, none of the tested defence processes was induced in grapevine flowers following UV-C exposure, whatever the stage analysed. Similarly, in berries at fruit set, induction of gene expression was weak and neither an increase in chitinase activity nor resveratrol synthesis was noticed. However, in groat-sized berries, responsiveness to UV-C increased, as revealed by the induction of CH3, PAL, and STS expression, together with resveratrol accumulation. The differential responsiveness between bunchstems, flowers, and berries is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Noëlle Petit
- Laboratoire de Stress, Défenses et Reproduction des Plantes, URVVC-SE EA 2069, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Moulin de la Housse, BP 1039, 51687 Reims Cedex 2, France
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Petit AN, Fontaine F, Clement C, Vaillant-Gaveau N. Gating in grapevine: relationship between application of the fungicide fludioxonil and circadian rhythm on photosynthesis. Environ Pollut 2009; 157:130-134. [PMID: 18789565 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2008.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2008] [Revised: 07/17/2008] [Accepted: 07/22/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the impact of the fludioxonil (fdx) fungicide on the diurnal fluctuation in grapevine photosynthesis. Therefore, fdx treatment was performed at the end of flowering, at 8 am, 12 am or 7 pm. The study was performed in experimental field and several photosynthesis parameters were followed one day after treatment. Morning fdx treatment induced (i) a significant and simultaneous drop of both photosynthesis (Pn) and stomatal conductance between 8 am and 4 pm and (ii) an increase of intercellular CO(2) concentration when compared to control plants. On the contrary, evening fdx treatment did not affect Pn whereas midday treatment caused Pn increase after 4 pm. These data suggest that (i) morning fdx treatment results in a non-stomatal limitation of Pn, (ii) midday treatment is more suitable to treat grapevine with fdx and (iii) a phenomenon of gating was noticed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Noëlle Petit
- Laboratoire de Stress, Défenses et Reproduction des Plantes, URVVC-SE EA 2069, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, F-51687 Reims Cedex 2, France.
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Petit AN, Fontaine F, Clément C, Vaillant-Gaveau N. Photosynthesis limitations of grapevine after treatment with the fungicide fludioxonil. J Agric Food Chem 2008; 56:6761-7. [PMID: 18598040 DOI: 10.1021/jf800919u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to determine the major limitations to photosynthesis induced by the fungicide fludioxonil (fdx) on nontarget grapevines using cutting as a model. The fdx treatments (1.2, 6, and 30 mM) induced a net photosynthetic rate ( P n) decrease without changes in stomatal conductance, suggesting a nonstomatal limitation. Fdx effects on P n were related neither to photosynthetic capacity alteration in leaves nor to loss in PSII activity. The mechanism underlying photosynthesis reduction differed according to the concentration. Fdx at 6 mM led to an increase of light requirement for photosynthesis while 30 mM fdx induced an increase in the respiration rate in the light. P n decrease after 1.2 mM fdx could rather be related to wetness caused by the spraying than to fungicide toxicity. P n recovered 10 days after treatment, meaning that fdx had little deleterious effect on plant physiology or that grapevine has a great capacity to overcome this temporary stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Noëlle Petit
- Laboratoire de Stress, Défenses et Reproduction des Plantes, URVVC-SE UPRES EA 2069, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UFR Sciences, Moulin de la Housse, B.P. 1039, 51687 Reims Cedex 2, France
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Lebon G, Wojnarowiez G, Holzapfel B, Fontaine F, Vaillant-Gaveau N, Clément C. Sugars and flowering in the grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.). J Exp Bot 2008; 59:2565-78. [PMID: 18508810 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ern135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Sugars play an important role in grapevine flowering. This complex process from inflorescence initiation to fruit maturity takes two growing seasons. Currently, most of the available data concern the involvement of sugars as energy sources during the formation of reproductive structures from initiation of inflorescences during the summer of the first year, until flower opening during the following spring. Sugars devoted to the development of reproductive structures are supplied either by wood reserves or by photosynthesis in leaves or inflorescences, depending on the stage of development. Female meiosis appears to be a key point in the success of flower formation because (i) flowers are vulnerable at this stage and (ii) it corresponds in the whole plant to the transition between reserve mobilization from perennial organs (roots, trunk, and canes) towards efficient leaf photosynthesis. The perturbation of reserve replenishment during the previous year provokes perturbation in the development of inflorescences, whereas altering the photosynthetic sources affects the formation of flowers during the same year. In particular, a lack of sugar availability in flowers at female meiosis caused by various environmental or physiological fluctuations may lead to drastic flower abortion. Apart from energy, sugars also play roles as regulators of gene expression and as signal molecules that may be involved in stress responses. In the future, these two topics should be further investigated in the grapevine considering the sensitivity of flowers to environmental stresses at meiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Lebon
- URVVC-EA 2069, Stress, Défenses et Reproduction des Plantes, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, BP 1039, F-51687 Reims cedex 2, France
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Bigot A, Fontaine F, Clément C, Vaillant-Gaveau N. Effect of the herbicide flumioxazin on photosynthetic performance of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.). Chemosphere 2007; 67:1243-51. [PMID: 17184818 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2006.10.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2006] [Revised: 10/05/2006] [Accepted: 10/13/2006] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Among the herbicides used in vineyards, the pre-emergence soil-applied flumioxazin (fmx) is a recently used molecule that inhibits chlorophyll biosynthesis in weed species. The aim of this work is to further characterize the effects of fmx on the non-target grapevine (Vitis vinifera L. cv. Chardonnay) using cutting as a model. Several photosynthesis parameters were estimated during 25 days after treatment with various fmx concentrations (from 0.5mM to 50mM). Measuring chlorophyll fluorescence it appeared that fmx or a by-product penetrated the plant throughout roots and spread throughout vessels. Besides the initial target, protox, fmx affected other functions related to photosynthesis. Fmx induced a simultaneous drop of both P(n), g(s) and T. Fmx caused stomatal closure, which partially explains the decrease of the net photosynthesis. The decline in F(v)/F(m) indicates that the photochemistry of PSII and its ability to reduce the primary acceptor Q(A) are also affected by fmx in grapevine. Fmx leads to a decrease in the coefficients of both photochemical and non-photochemical quenching. Simultaneous stomatal closure and decrease in the quantum yield of CO(2) assimilation indicate a change in energy metabolism following fmx stress. After ten days of fmx treatment, analyses of the response of net carbon assimilation in leaves to different intercellular CO(2) concentrations have shown a decrease of the maximum carboxylation velocity of RuBP. Stomatal closure, PSII photochemistry, change in energy metabolism and RuBP activity were affected by fmx treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Bigot
- Laboratoire de Stress, Défenses et Reproduction des Plantes, URVVC EA 2069, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Bâtiment 18, Moulin de la Housse - BP 1039, F-51687 Reims Cedex 2, France
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