1
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Guillemin R, Inhester L, Ilchen M, Mazza T, Boll R, Weber T, Eckart S, Grychtol P, Rennhack N, Marchenko T, Velasquez N, Travnikova O, Ismail I, Niskanen J, Kukk E, Trinter F, Gisselbrecht M, Feifel R, Sansone G, Rolles D, Martins M, Meyer M, Simon M, Santra R, Pfeifer T, Jahnke T, Piancastelli MN. Isotope effects in dynamics of water isotopologues induced by core ionization at an x-ray free-electron laser. Struct Dyn 2023; 10:054302. [PMID: 37799711 PMCID: PMC10550338 DOI: 10.1063/4.0000197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Dynamical response of water exposed to x-rays is of utmost importance in a wealth of science areas. We exposed isolated water isotopologues to short x-ray pulses from a free-electron laser and detected momenta of all produced ions in coincidence. By combining experimental results and theoretical modeling, we identify significant structural dynamics with characteristic isotope effects in H2O2+, D2O2+, and HDO2+, such as asymmetric bond elongation and bond-angle opening, leading to two-body or three-body fragmentation on a timescale of a few femtoseconds. A method to disentangle the sequences of events taking place upon the consecutive absorption of two x-ray photons is described. The obtained deep look into structural properties and dynamics of dissociating water isotopologues provides essential insights into the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Guillemin
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, LCPMR, 75005 Paris, France
| | - L. Inhester
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science CFEL, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - T. Mazza
- European XFEL, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - R. Boll
- European XFEL, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Th. Weber
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Sciences, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S. Eckart
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | | | | | - T. Marchenko
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, LCPMR, 75005 Paris, France
| | - N. Velasquez
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, LCPMR, 75005 Paris, France
| | - O. Travnikova
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, LCPMR, 75005 Paris, France
| | - I. Ismail
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, LCPMR, 75005 Paris, France
| | - J. Niskanen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - E. Kukk
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | | | | | - R. Feifel
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - G. Sansone
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - D. Rolles
- J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA
| | - M. Martins
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Universität Hamburg, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - M. Meyer
- European XFEL, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - M. Simon
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, LCPMR, 75005 Paris, France
| | | | - T. Pfeifer
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - T. Jahnke
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - M. N. Piancastelli
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, LCPMR, 75005 Paris, France
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2
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Ulmer A, Heilrath A, Senfftleben B, O'Connell-Lopez SMO, Kruse B, Seiffert L, Kolatzki K, Langbehn B, Hoffmann A, Baumann TM, Boll R, Chatterley AS, De Fanis A, Erk B, Erukala S, Feinberg AJ, Fennel T, Grychtol P, Hartmann R, Ilchen M, Izquierdo M, Krebs B, Kuster M, Mazza T, Montaño J, Noffz G, Rivas DE, Schlosser D, Seel F, Stapelfeldt H, Strüder L, Tiggesbäumker J, Yousef H, Zabel M, Ziołkowski P, Meyer M, Ovcharenko Y, Vilesov AF, Möller T, Rupp D, Tanyag RMP. Generation of Large Vortex-Free Superfluid Helium Nanodroplets. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 131:076002. [PMID: 37656857 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.076002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
Superfluid helium nanodroplets are an ideal environment for the formation of metastable, self-organized dopant nanostructures. However, the presence of vortices often hinders their formation. Here, we demonstrate the generation of vortex-free helium nanodroplets and explore the size range in which they can be produced. From x-ray diffraction images of xenon-doped droplets, we identify that single compact structures, assigned to vortex-free aggregation, prevail up to 10^{8} atoms per droplet. This finding builds the basis for exploring the assembly of far-from-equilibrium nanostructures at low temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anatoli Ulmer
- Institute of Optics and Atomic Physics, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstraße 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Physics, Universität Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andrea Heilrath
- Institute of Optics and Atomic Physics, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstraße 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
- Max-Born-Institute for Nonlinear Optics and Short Pulse Spectroscopy, Max-Born-Straße 2A, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Björn Senfftleben
- Max-Born-Institute for Nonlinear Optics and Short Pulse Spectroscopy, Max-Born-Straße 2A, 12489 Berlin, Germany
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Sean M O O'Connell-Lopez
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, 920 Bloom Walk, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA
| | - Björn Kruse
- Institute for Physics, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 23, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Lennart Seiffert
- Institute for Physics, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 23, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Katharina Kolatzki
- Max-Born-Institute for Nonlinear Optics and Short Pulse Spectroscopy, Max-Born-Straße 2A, 12489 Berlin, Germany
- Laboratory for Solid State Physics, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich, John-von-Neumann-Weg 9, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Bruno Langbehn
- Institute of Optics and Atomic Physics, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstraße 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Hoffmann
- Max-Born-Institute for Nonlinear Optics and Short Pulse Spectroscopy, Max-Born-Straße 2A, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Rebecca Boll
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Adam S Chatterley
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | | | - Benjamin Erk
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Swetha Erukala
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, 920 Bloom Walk, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA
| | - Alexandra J Feinberg
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, 920 Bloom Walk, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA
| | - Thomas Fennel
- Institute for Physics, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 23, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | | | | | - Markus Ilchen
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Bennet Krebs
- Institute for Physics, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 23, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Markus Kuster
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Tommaso Mazza
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | | | - Georg Noffz
- Institute of Optics and Atomic Physics, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstraße 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | - Fabian Seel
- Institute of Optics and Atomic Physics, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstraße 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Henrik Stapelfeldt
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | | | - Josef Tiggesbäumker
- Institute for Physics, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 23, 18059 Rostock, Germany
- Department "Life, Light and Matter," Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 23, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Hazem Yousef
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Michael Zabel
- Institute for Physics, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 23, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | | | - Michael Meyer
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | | | - Andrey F Vilesov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, 920 Bloom Walk, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southern California, 920 Bloom Walk, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA
| | - Thomas Möller
- Institute of Optics and Atomic Physics, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstraße 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniela Rupp
- Max-Born-Institute for Nonlinear Optics and Short Pulse Spectroscopy, Max-Born-Straße 2A, 12489 Berlin, Germany
- Laboratory for Solid State Physics, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich, John-von-Neumann-Weg 9, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Rico Mayro P Tanyag
- Institute of Optics and Atomic Physics, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstraße 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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3
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Baumann TM, Boll R, De Fanis A, Grychtol P, Ilchen M, Jastrow UF, Kato M, Lechner C, Maltezopoulos T, Mazza T, Montaño J, Music V, Ovcharenko Y, Rennhack N, Rivas DE, Saito N, Schmidt P, Serkez S, Sorokin A, Usenko S, Yan J, Geloni G, Tanaka T, Tiedtke K, Meyer M. Harmonic radiation contribution and X-ray transmission at the Small Quantum Systems instrument of European XFEL. J Synchrotron Radiat 2023:S1600577523003090. [PMID: 37163304 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577523003090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Transmission measurements of the soft X-ray beamline to the Small Quantum Systems (SQS) scientific instrument at the SASE3 undulator of European XFEL are presented. Measurements are reported for a wide range of photon energies (650 eV to 2400 eV), using X-ray gas monitors as well as a bolometric radiometer. The results are in good agreement with simulations for the beam transport and show a transmission of up to 80% over the whole photon energy range. The contribution of second- and third-harmonic radiation of the soft X-ray undulator is determined at selected photon energies by performing transmission measurements using a gas absorber to provide variable attenuation of the incoming photon flux. A comparison of the results with semi-analytic calculations for the generation of free-electron laser pulses in the SASE3 undulator reveals an influence of apertures along the beam transport on the exact harmonic content to be accounted for at the experiment. The second-harmonic content is measured to be in the range of 0.1% to 0.3%, while the third-harmonic contributed a few percent to the SASE3 emission. For experiments at the SQS instrument, these numbers can be reduced through specific selections of the mirror reflection angles.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rebecca Boll
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | | | | | - Markus Ilchen
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Ulf Fini Jastrow
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Masahiro Kato
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), NMIJ, Tsukuba 305-8568, Japan
| | | | | | - Tommaso Mazza
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Nils Rennhack
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | | | - Norio Saito
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), NMIJ, Tsukuba 305-8568, Japan
| | | | | | - Andrey Sorokin
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sergey Usenko
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Jiawei Yan
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | | | - Takahiro Tanaka
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), NMIJ, Tsukuba 305-8568, Japan
| | - Kai Tiedtke
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michael Meyer
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
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4
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Mazza T, Baumann TM, Boll R, De Fanis A, Grychtol P, Ilchen M, Montaño J, Music V, Ovcharenko Y, Rennhack N, Rivas DE, Rörig A, Schmidt P, Usenko S, Ziołkowski P, La Civita D, Vannoni M, Sinn H, Keitel B, Plönjes E, Jastrow UF, Sorokin A, Tiedtke K, Mann K, Schäfer B, Breckwoldt N, Son SK, Meyer M. The beam transport system for the Small Quantum Systems instrument at the European XFEL: optical layout and first commissioning results. J Synchrotron Radiat 2023; 30:457-467. [PMID: 36891860 PMCID: PMC10000793 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577522012085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The Small Quantum Systems instrument is one of the six operating instruments of the European XFEL, dedicated to the atomic, molecular and cluster physics communities. The instrument started its user operation at the end of 2018 after a commissioning phase. The design and characterization of the beam transport system are described here. The X-ray optical components of the beamline are detailed, and the beamline performances, transmission and focusing capabilities are reported. It is shown that the X-ray beam can be effectively focused as predicted by ray-tracing simulations. The impact of non-ideal X-ray source conditions on the focusing performances is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Mazza
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | | | - Rebecca Boll
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | | | | | - Markus Ilchen
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Valerija Music
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
- Department of Physics, University of Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Straße 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | | | - Nils Rennhack
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Sergey Usenko
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Harald Sinn
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Barbara Keitel
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Elke Plönjes
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ulf Fini Jastrow
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andrey Sorokin
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kai Tiedtke
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Klaus Mann
- IFNANO Institut für Nanophotonik Göttingen e.V., Hans-Adolf-Krebs-Weg 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Bernd Schäfer
- IFNANO Institut für Nanophotonik Göttingen e.V., Hans-Adolf-Krebs-Weg 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Niels Breckwoldt
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science CFEL, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Physics, Universität Hamburg, Notkestr. 9–11, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sang-Kil Son
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science CFEL, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michael Meyer
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
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5
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De Fanis A, Ilchen M, Achner A, Baumann TM, Boll R, Buck J, Danilevsky C, Esenov S, Erk B, Grychtol P, Hartmann G, Liu J, Mazza T, Montaño J, Music V, Ovcharenko Y, Rennhack N, Rivas D, Rolles D, Schmidt P, Sotoudi Namin H, Scholz F, Viefhaus J, Walter P, Ziółkowski P, Zhang H, Meyer M. High-resolution electron time-of-flight spectrometers for angle-resolved measurements at the SQS Instrument at the European XFEL. J Synchrotron Radiat 2022; 29:755-764. [PMID: 35511008 PMCID: PMC9070712 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577522002284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A set of electron time-of-flight spectrometers for high-resolution angle-resolved spectroscopy was developed for the Small Quantum Systems (SQS) instrument at the SASE3 soft X-ray branch of the European XFEL. The resolving power of this spectrometer design is demonstrated to exceed 10 000 (E/ΔE), using the well known Ne 1s-13p resonant Auger spectrum measured at a photon energy of 867.11 eV at a third-generation synchrotron radiation source. At the European XFEL, a width of ∼0.5 eV full width at half-maximum for a kinetic energy of 800 eV was demonstrated. It is expected that this linewidth can be reached over a broad range of kinetic energies. An array of these spectrometers, with different angular orientations, is tailored for the Atomic-like Quantum Systems endstation for high-resolution angle-resolved spectroscopy of gaseous samples.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Markus Ilchen
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
- Institut für Physik und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Strasse 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | | | | | - Rebecca Boll
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Jens Buck
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Sergey Esenov
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Benjamin Erk
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Gregor Hartmann
- Institut für Physik und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Strasse 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jia Liu
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Tommaso Mazza
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | | | - Valerija Music
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
- Institut für Physik und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Strasse 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | | | - Nils Rennhack
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Daniel Rivas
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Daniel Rolles
- J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Philipp Schmidt
- Institut für Physik und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Strasse 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | | | - Frank Scholz
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jens Viefhaus
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Peter Walter
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | | | - Haiou Zhang
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Michael Meyer
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
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6
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Kastirke G, Ota F, Rezvan DV, Schöffler MS, Weller M, Rist J, Boll R, Anders N, Baumann TM, Eckart S, Erk B, De Fanis A, Fehre K, Gatton A, Grundmann S, Grychtol P, Hartung A, Hofmann M, Ilchen M, Janke C, Kircher M, Kunitski M, Li X, Mazza T, Melzer N, Montano J, Music V, Nalin G, Ovcharenko Y, Pier A, Rennhack N, Rivas DE, Dörner R, Rolles D, Rudenko A, Schmidt P, Siebert J, Strenger N, Trabert D, Vela-Perez I, Wagner R, Weber T, Williams JB, Ziolkowski P, Schmidt LPH, Czasch A, Tamura Y, Hara N, Yamazaki K, Hatada K, Trinter F, Meyer M, Ueda K, Demekhin PV, Jahnke T. Investigating charge-up and fragmentation dynamics of oxygen molecules after interaction with strong X-ray free-electron laser pulses. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:27121-27127. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cp02408j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The X-ray-induced charge-up and fragmentation process of a small molecule is examined in great detail by measuring the molecular-frame photoelectron interference pattern in conjunction with other observables in coincidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Kastirke
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - F. Ota
- Department of Physics, University of Toyama, Gofuku 3190, Toyama 930-8555, Japan
| | - D. V. Rezvan
- Institut für Physik und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Straße 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - M. S. Schöffler
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - M. Weller
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - J. Rist
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - R. Boll
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - N. Anders
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - T. M. Baumann
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - S. Eckart
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - B. Erk
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - A. De Fanis
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - K. Fehre
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - A. Gatton
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - S. Grundmann
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - P. Grychtol
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - A. Hartung
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - M. Hofmann
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - M. Ilchen
- Institut für Physik und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Straße 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - C. Janke
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - M. Kircher
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - M. Kunitski
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - X. Li
- J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA
| | - T. Mazza
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - N. Melzer
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - J. Montano
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - V. Music
- Institut für Physik und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Straße 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - G. Nalin
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Y. Ovcharenko
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - A. Pier
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - N. Rennhack
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - D. E. Rivas
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - R. Dörner
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - D. Rolles
- J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA
| | - A. Rudenko
- J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA
| | - Ph. Schmidt
- Institut für Physik und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Straße 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - J. Siebert
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - N. Strenger
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - D. Trabert
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - I. Vela-Perez
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - R. Wagner
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Th. Weber
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Sciences Division, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J. B. Williams
- Department of Physics, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557, USA
| | - P. Ziolkowski
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - L. Ph. H. Schmidt
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - A. Czasch
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Y. Tamura
- Department of Physics, University of Toyama, Gofuku 3190, Toyama 930-8555, Japan
| | - N. Hara
- Department of Physics, University of Toyama, Gofuku 3190, Toyama 930-8555, Japan
| | - K. Yamazaki
- RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - K. Hatada
- Department of Physics, University of Toyama, Gofuku 3190, Toyama 930-8555, Japan
| | - F. Trinter
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- Molecular Physics, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - M. Meyer
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - K. Ueda
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Katahira 2-1-1, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
- Department of Chemistry, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aramaki Aza-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Ph. V. Demekhin
- Institut für Physik und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Straße 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - T. Jahnke
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
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7
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Grychtol P, Rivas DE, Baumann TM, Boll R, De Fanis A, Erk B, Ilchen M, Liu J, Mazza T, Montaño J, Müller J, Music V, Ovcharenko Y, Rennhack N, Rouzé A, Schmidt P, Schulz S, Usenko S, Wagner R, Ziołkowski P, Schlarb H, Grünert J, Kabachnik N, Meyer M. Timing and X-ray pulse characterization at the Small Quantum Systems instrument of the European X-ray Free Electron Laser. Opt Express 2021; 29:37429-37442. [PMID: 34808814 DOI: 10.1364/oe.440718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This contribution presents the initial characterization of the pump-probe performance at the Small Quantum Systems (SQS) instrument of the European X-ray Free Electron Laser. It is demonstrated that time-resolved experiments can be performed by measuring the X-ray/optical cross-correlation exploiting the laser-assisted Auger decay in neon. Applying time-of-arrival corrections based on simultaneous spectral encoding measurements allow us to significantly improve the temporal resolution of this experiment. These results pave the way for ultrafast pump-probe investigations of gaseous media at the SQS instrument combining intense and tunable soft X-rays with versatile optical laser capabilities.
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8
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Eichmann U, Rottke H, Meise S, Rubensson JE, Söderström J, Agåker M, Såthe C, Meyer M, Baumann TM, Boll R, De Fanis A, Grychtol P, Ilchen M, Mazza T, Montano J, Music V, Ovcharenko Y, Rivas DE, Serkez S, Wagner R, Eisebitt S. Photon-recoil imaging: Expanding the view of nonlinear x-ray physics. Science 2020; 369:1630-1633. [PMID: 32973029 DOI: 10.1126/science.abc2622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Addressing the ultrafast coherent evolution of electronic wave functions has long been a goal of nonlinear x-ray physics. A first step toward this goal is the investigation of stimulated x-ray Raman scattering (SXRS) using intense pulses from an x-ray free-electron laser. Earlier SXRS experiments relied on signal amplification during pulse propagation through dense resonant media. By contrast, our method reveals the fundamental process in which photons from the primary radiation source directly interact with a single atom. We introduce an experimental protocol in which scattered neutral atoms rather than scattered photons are detected. We present SXRS measurements at the neon K edge and a quantitative theoretical analysis. The method should become a powerful tool in the exploration of nonlinear x-ray physics.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Eichmann
- Max Born Institute, 12489 Berlin, Germany.
| | - H Rottke
- Max Born Institute, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - S Meise
- Max Born Institute, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - J-E Rubensson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, SE-751 20 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - J Söderström
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, SE-751 20 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - M Agåker
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, SE-751 20 Uppsala, Sweden.,MAX IV Laboratory, Lund University, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - C Såthe
- MAX IV Laboratory, Lund University, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - M Meyer
- European XFEL, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | | | - R Boll
- European XFEL, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - A De Fanis
- European XFEL, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - P Grychtol
- European XFEL, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - M Ilchen
- European XFEL, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany.,Institut für Physik, University of Kassel, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - T Mazza
- European XFEL, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - J Montano
- European XFEL, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - V Music
- European XFEL, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany.,Institut für Physik, University of Kassel, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | | | - D E Rivas
- European XFEL, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - S Serkez
- European XFEL, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - R Wagner
- European XFEL, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - S Eisebitt
- Max Born Institute, 12489 Berlin, Germany.,Institut für Optik und Atomare Physik, Technische Universität Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany
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9
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Kastirke G, Schöffler MS, Weller M, Rist J, Boll R, Anders N, Baumann TM, Eckart S, Erk B, De Fanis A, Fehre K, Gatton A, Grundmann S, Grychtol P, Hartung A, Hofmann M, Ilchen M, Janke C, Kircher M, Kunitski M, Li X, Mazza T, Melzer N, Montano J, Music V, Nalin G, Ovcharenko Y, Pier A, Rennhack N, Rivas DE, Dörner R, Rolles D, Rudenko A, Schmidt P, Siebert J, Strenger N, Trabert D, Vela-Perez I, Wagner R, Weber T, Williams JB, Ziolkowski P, Schmidt LPH, Czasch A, Ueda K, Trinter F, Meyer M, Demekhin PV, Jahnke T. Double Core-Hole Generation in O_{2} Molecules Using an X-Ray Free-Electron Laser: Molecular-Frame Photoelectron Angular Distributions. Phys Rev Lett 2020; 125:163201. [PMID: 33124863 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.163201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We report on a multiparticle coincidence experiment performed at the European X-ray Free-Electron Laser at the Small Quantum Systems instrument using a COLTRIMS reaction microscope. By measuring two ions and two electrons in coincidence, we investigate double core-hole generation in O_{2} molecules in the gas phase. Single-site and two-site double core holes have been identified and their molecular-frame electron angular distributions have been obtained for a breakup of the oxygen molecule into two doubly charged ions. The measured distributions are compared to results of calculations performed within the frozen- and relaxed-core Hartree-Fock approximations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregor Kastirke
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Markus S Schöffler
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Miriam Weller
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jonas Rist
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Rebecca Boll
- European XFEL GmbH, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Nils Anders
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | | | - Sebastian Eckart
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Benjamin Erk
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Kilian Fehre
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Averell Gatton
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Sven Grundmann
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | | | - Alexander Hartung
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Max Hofmann
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Markus Ilchen
- European XFEL GmbH, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
- Institut für Physik und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Strasse 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - Christian Janke
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Max Kircher
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Maksim Kunitski
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Xiang Li
- J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA
| | - Tommaso Mazza
- European XFEL GmbH, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Niklas Melzer
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jacobo Montano
- European XFEL GmbH, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Valerija Music
- European XFEL GmbH, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
- Institut für Physik und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Strasse 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - Giammarco Nalin
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | | | - Andreas Pier
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Nils Rennhack
- European XFEL GmbH, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Daniel E Rivas
- European XFEL GmbH, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Reinhard Dörner
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Daniel Rolles
- J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA
| | - Artem Rudenko
- J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA
| | - Philipp Schmidt
- European XFEL GmbH, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
- Institut für Physik und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Strasse 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - Juliane Siebert
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Nico Strenger
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Daniel Trabert
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Isabel Vela-Perez
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Rene Wagner
- European XFEL GmbH, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Thorsten Weber
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Sciences Division, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Joshua B Williams
- Department of Physics, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557, USA
| | | | - Lothar Ph H Schmidt
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Achim Czasch
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Kiyoshi Ueda
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Florian Trinter
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- Molecular Physics, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Meyer
- European XFEL GmbH, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Philipp V Demekhin
- Institut für Physik und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Strasse 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - Till Jahnke
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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10
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Dorney KM, Ellis JL, Hernández-García C, Hickstein DD, Mancuso CA, Brooks N, Fan T, Fan G, Zusin D, Gentry C, Grychtol P, Kapteyn HC, Murnane MM. Helicity-Selective Enhancement and Polarization Control of Attosecond High Harmonic Waveforms Driven by Bichromatic Circularly Polarized Laser Fields. Phys Rev Lett 2017; 119:063201. [PMID: 28949633 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.119.063201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
High harmonics driven by two-color counterrotating circularly polarized laser fields are a unique source of bright, circularly polarized, extreme ultraviolet, and soft x-ray beams, where the individual harmonics themselves are completely circularly polarized. Here, we demonstrate the ability to preferentially select either the right or left circularly polarized harmonics simply by adjusting the relative intensity ratio of the bichromatic circularly polarized driving laser field. In the frequency domain, this significantly enhances the harmonic orders that rotate in the same direction as the higher-intensity driving laser. In the time domain, this helicity-dependent enhancement corresponds to control over the polarization of the resulting attosecond waveforms. This helicity control enables the generation of circularly polarized high harmonics with a user-defined polarization of the underlying attosecond bursts. In the future, this technique should allow for the production of bright highly elliptical harmonic supercontinua as well as the generation of isolated elliptically polarized attosecond pulses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin M Dorney
- JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado Boulder and NIST, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - Jennifer L Ellis
- JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado Boulder and NIST, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - Carlos Hernández-García
- Grupo de Investigación en Aplicaciones del Láser y Fotónica, Departamento de Física Aplicada, University of Salamanca, E-37008 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Daniel D Hickstein
- JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado Boulder and NIST, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - Christopher A Mancuso
- JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado Boulder and NIST, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - Nathan Brooks
- JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado Boulder and NIST, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - Tingting Fan
- JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado Boulder and NIST, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - Guangyu Fan
- Photonics Institute, Vienna University of Technology, A-1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Dmitriy Zusin
- JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado Boulder and NIST, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - Christian Gentry
- JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado Boulder and NIST, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - Patrik Grychtol
- JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado Boulder and NIST, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - Henry C Kapteyn
- JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado Boulder and NIST, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - Margaret M Murnane
- JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado Boulder and NIST, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
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11
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Ellis JL, Dorney KM, Durfee CG, Hernández-García C, Dollar F, Mancuso CA, Fan T, Zusin D, Gentry C, Grychtol P, Kapteyn HC, Murnane MM, Hickstein DD. Phase matching of noncollinear sum and difference frequency high harmonic generation above and below the critical ionization level. Opt Express 2017; 25:10126-10144. [PMID: 28468388 DOI: 10.1364/oe.25.010126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the macroscopic physics of noncollinear high harmonic generation (HHG) at high pressures. We make the first experimental demonstration of phase matching of noncollinear high-order-difference-frequency generation at ionization fractions above the critical ionization level, which normally sets an upper limit on the achievable cutoff photon energies. Additionally, we show that noncollinear high-order-sum-frequency generation requires much higher pressures for phase matching than single-beam HHG does, which mitigates the short interaction region in this geometry. We also dramatically increase the experimentally realized cutoff energy of noncollinear circularly polarized HHG, reaching photon energies of 90 eV. Finally, we achieve complete angular separation of high harmonic orders without the use of a spectrometer.
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12
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Mancuso CA, Dorney KM, Hickstein DD, Chaloupka JL, Ellis JL, Dollar FJ, Knut R, Grychtol P, Zusin D, Gentry C, Gopalakrishnan M, Kapteyn HC, Murnane MM. Controlling Nonsequential Double Ionization in Two-Color Circularly Polarized Femtosecond Laser Fields. Phys Rev Lett 2016; 117:133201. [PMID: 27715086 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.117.133201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Atoms undergoing strong-field ionization in two-color circularly polarized femtosecond laser fields exhibit unique two-dimensional photoelectron trajectories and can emit bright circularly polarized extreme ultraviolet and soft-x-ray beams. In this Letter, we present the first experimental observation of nonsequential double ionization in these tailored laser fields. Moreover, we can enhance or suppress nonsequential double ionization by changing the intensity ratio and helicity of the two driving laser fields to maximize or minimize high-energy electron-ion rescattering. Our experimental results are explained through classical simulations, which also provide insight into how to optimize the generation of circularly polarized high harmonic beams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher A Mancuso
- JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - Kevin M Dorney
- JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - Daniel D Hickstein
- JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - Jan L Chaloupka
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Northern Colorado, Greeley, Colorado 80639, USA
| | - Jennifer L Ellis
- JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - Franklin J Dollar
- JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - Ronny Knut
- JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - Patrik Grychtol
- JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - Dmitriy Zusin
- JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - Christian Gentry
- JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | | | - Henry C Kapteyn
- JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - Margaret M Murnane
- JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
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13
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Chen C, Tao Z, Hernández-García C, Matyba P, Carr A, Knut R, Kfir O, Zusin D, Gentry C, Grychtol P, Cohen O, Plaja L, Becker A, Jaron-Becker A, Kapteyn H, Murnane M. Tomographic reconstruction of circularly polarized high-harmonic fields: 3D attosecond metrology. Sci Adv 2016; 2:e1501333. [PMID: 26989782 PMCID: PMC4788484 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1501333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Accepted: 12/02/2015] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Bright, circularly polarized, extreme ultraviolet (EUV) and soft x-ray high-harmonic beams can now be produced using counter-rotating circularly polarized driving laser fields. Although the resulting circularly polarized harmonics consist of relatively simple pairs of peaks in the spectral domain, in the time domain, the field is predicted to emerge as a complex series of rotating linearly polarized bursts, varying rapidly in amplitude, frequency, and polarization. We extend attosecond metrology techniques to circularly polarized light by simultaneously irradiating a copper surface with circularly polarized high-harmonic and linearly polarized infrared laser fields. The resulting temporal modulation of the photoelectron spectra carries essential phase information about the EUV field. Utilizing the polarization selectivity of the solid surface and by rotating the circularly polarized EUV field in space, we fully retrieve the amplitude and phase of the circularly polarized harmonics, allowing us to reconstruct one of the most complex coherent light fields produced to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Chen
- Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309–0440, USA
| | - Zhensheng Tao
- Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309–0440, USA
| | - Carlos Hernández-García
- Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309–0440, USA
- Grupo de Investigación en Aplicaciones del Láser y Fotónica, University of Salamanca, E-37008 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Piotr Matyba
- Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309–0440, USA
| | - Adra Carr
- Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309–0440, USA
| | - Ronny Knut
- Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309–0440, USA
| | - Ofer Kfir
- Solid State Institute and Physics Department, Technion, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Dimitry Zusin
- Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309–0440, USA
| | - Christian Gentry
- Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309–0440, USA
| | - Patrik Grychtol
- Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309–0440, USA
| | - Oren Cohen
- Solid State Institute and Physics Department, Technion, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Luis Plaja
- Grupo de Investigación en Aplicaciones del Láser y Fotónica, University of Salamanca, E-37008 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Andreas Becker
- Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309–0440, USA
| | - Agnieszka Jaron-Becker
- Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309–0440, USA
| | - Henry Kapteyn
- Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309–0440, USA
| | - Margaret Murnane
- Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309–0440, USA
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14
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Fan T, Grychtol P, Knut R, Hernández-García C, Hickstein DD, Zusin D, Gentry C, Dollar FJ, Mancuso CA, Hogle CW, Kfir O, Legut D, Carva K, Ellis JL, Dorney KM, Chen C, Shpyrko OG, Fullerton EE, Cohen O, Oppeneer PM, Milošević DB, Becker A, Jaroń-Becker AA, Popmintchev T, Murnane MM, Kapteyn HC. Bright circularly polarized soft X-ray high harmonics for X-ray magnetic circular dichroism. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:14206-11. [PMID: 26534992 PMCID: PMC4655510 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1519666112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 211] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We demonstrate, to our knowledge, the first bright circularly polarized high-harmonic beams in the soft X-ray region of the electromagnetic spectrum, and use them to implement X-ray magnetic circular dichroism measurements in a tabletop-scale setup. Using counterrotating circularly polarized laser fields at 1.3 and 0.79 µm, we generate circularly polarized harmonics with photon energies exceeding 160 eV. The harmonic spectra emerge as a sequence of closely spaced pairs of left and right circularly polarized peaks, with energies determined by conservation of energy and spin angular momentum. We explain the single-atom and macroscopic physics by identifying the dominant electron quantum trajectories and optimal phase-matching conditions. The first advanced phase-matched propagation simulations for circularly polarized harmonics reveal the influence of the finite phase-matching temporal window on the spectrum, as well as the unique polarization-shaped attosecond pulse train. Finally, we use, to our knowledge, the first tabletop X-ray magnetic circular dichroism measurements at the N4,5 absorption edges of Gd to validate the high degree of circularity, brightness, and stability of this light source. These results demonstrate the feasibility of manipulating the polarization, spectrum, and temporal shape of high harmonics in the soft X-ray region by manipulating the driving laser waveform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Fan
- Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309-0440;
| | - Patrik Grychtol
- Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309-0440
| | - Ronny Knut
- Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309-0440
| | - Carlos Hernández-García
- Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309-0440; Grupo de Investigación en Óptica Extrema, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca 37008, Spain
| | - Daniel D Hickstein
- Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309-0440
| | - Dmitriy Zusin
- Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309-0440
| | - Christian Gentry
- Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309-0440
| | - Franklin J Dollar
- Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309-0440
| | | | - Craig W Hogle
- Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309-0440
| | - Ofer Kfir
- Solid State Institute and Physics Department, Technion, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Dominik Legut
- IT4Innovations Center, VSB Technical University of Ostrava, CZ 708 33 Ostrava, Czech Republic; Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Charles University in Prague, CZ-12116 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Carva
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Charles University in Prague, CZ-12116 Prague 2, Czech Republic; Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, 75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jennifer L Ellis
- Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309-0440
| | - Kevin M Dorney
- Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309-0440
| | - Cong Chen
- Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309-0440
| | - Oleg G Shpyrko
- Department of Physics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Eric E Fullerton
- Center for Magnetic Recording Research, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0401
| | - Oren Cohen
- Solid State Institute and Physics Department, Technion, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Peter M Oppeneer
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, 75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Dejan B Milošević
- Faculty of Science, University of Sarajevo, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina; Academy of Sciences and Arts of Bosnia and Herzegovina, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina; Max-Born-Institut, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Becker
- Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309-0440
| | | | - Tenio Popmintchev
- Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309-0440
| | - Margaret M Murnane
- Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309-0440;
| | - Henry C Kapteyn
- Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309-0440
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15
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Turgut E, La-o-Vorakiat C, Shaw JM, Grychtol P, Nembach HT, Rudolf D, Adam R, Aeschlimann M, Schneider CM, Silva TJ, Murnane MM, Kapteyn HC, Mathias S. Controlling the competition between optically induced ultrafast spin-flip scattering and spin transport in magnetic multilayers. Phys Rev Lett 2013; 110:197201. [PMID: 23705737 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.110.197201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2012] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The study of ultrafast dynamics in magnetic materials provides rich opportunities for greater fundamental understanding of correlated phenomena in solid-state matter, because many of the basic microscopic mechanisms involved are as-yet unclear and are still being uncovered. Recently, two different possible mechanisms have been proposed to explain ultrafast laser induced magnetization dynamics: spin currents and spin-flip scattering. In this work, we use multilayers of Fe and Ni with different metals and insulators as the spacer material to conclusively show that spin currents can have a significant contribution to optically induced magnetization dynamics, in addition to spin-flip scattering processes. Moreover, we can control the competition between these two processes, and in some cases completely suppress interlayer spin currents as a sample undergoes rapid demagnetization. Finally, by reversing the order of the Fe/Ni layers, we experimentally show that spin currents are directional in our samples, predominantly flowing from the top to the bottom layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emrah Turgut
- Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder and NIST, Colorado 80309, USA
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16
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La-O-Vorakiat C, Siemens M, Murnane MM, Kapteyn HC, Mathias S, Aeschlimann M, Grychtol P, Adam R, Schneider CM, Shaw JM, Nembach H, Silva TJ. Ultrafast demagnetization dynamics at the M edges of magnetic elements observed using a tabletop high-harmonic soft x-ray source. Phys Rev Lett 2009; 103:257402. [PMID: 20366281 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.103.257402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2009] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We use few-femtosecond soft x-ray pulses from high-harmonic generation to extract element-specific demagnetization dynamics and hysteresis loops of a compound material for the first time. Using a geometry where high-harmonic beams are reflected from a magnetized Permalloy grating, large changes in the reflected intensity of up to 6% at the M absorption edges of Fe and Ni are observed when the magnetization is reversed. A short pump pulse is used to destroy the magnetic alignment, which allows us to measure the fastest, elementally specific demagnetization dynamics, with 55 fs time resolution. The use of high harmonics for probing magnetic materials promises to combine nanometer spatial resolution, elemental specificity, and femtosecond-to-attosecond time resolution, making it possible to address important fundamental questions in magnetism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan La-O-Vorakiat
- Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0440, USA.
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Spöler F, Kray S, Grychtol P, Hermes B, Bornemann J, Först M, Kurz H. Simultaneous dual-band ultra-high resolution optical coherence tomography. Opt Express 2007; 15:10832-41. [PMID: 19547440 DOI: 10.1364/oe.15.010832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Ultra-high resolution optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging is demonstrated simultaneously at 840 nm and 1230 nm central wavelength using an off-the-shelf turn-key supercontinuum light source. Spectral filtering of the light source emission results in a double peak spectrum with average powers exceeding 100 mW and bandwidths exceeding 200 nm for each wavelength band. A free-space OCT setup optimized to support both wavelengths in parallel is introduced. OCT imaging of biological tissue ex vivo and in vivo is demonstrated with axial resolutions measured to be < 2 mum and < 4 mum at 840 nm and 1230 nm, respectively. This measuring scheme is used to extract spectroscopic features with outstanding spatial resolution enabling enhanced image contrast.
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