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Nooreen N, Zahid M, Jawad M, Ullah SA, Khan MI, Khan K, Shah M, Wahab A, Ahmad R, Sajid M, Jawad SM, Khan S. Studying biodiversity of spiders species in seven different localities of Charsadda District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. BRAZ J BIOL 2024; 84:e260515. [DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.260515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract The current research work aims to provide knowledge about the diversity of spiders’ fauna and their occurrence throughout the year from District Charsadda Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Research data were collected from March-2015 to January-2017 from seven different localities of Charsadda District by using the camera, bottle, plastic bags, paraffin films, field book and 70% of ethylene alcohol and 20% of glycerine were used as chemicals. By using special identification keys, spiders were differentiated into families, genera and species. During the study time, a total of 2734 specimens of spiders were collected belonging from 35 genera, 15 families and 44 species were identified. Salticidae was the dominant family according to genera studied plus spiders samples numbers collected with 10 genera and 616 species specimens count. The high occurrence of spiders was studied during July. The result of the current study also shows a reduction of spider’s species in December due to lowering the temperature. The current study shows that Salticidae were the dominant family as capered to other species. The occurrence of spiders species greatly depends on changing the weather condition. The present study also shows great fluctuation in spider’s occurrence with changing of hot climate to colder during the study duration. Moreover, the wet season plays a great role in spiders’ population increase and growth.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - M. Zahid
- Islamia College Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - M. Jawad
- Islamia College Peshawar, Pakistan
| | | | | | - K. Khan
- Islamia College Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - M. Shah
- Government College Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - A. Wahab
- Islamia College Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - R. Ahmad
- Islamia College Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - M. Sajid
- Islamia College Peshawar, Pakistan
| | | | - S. Khan
- Islamia College Peshawar, Pakistan
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Hussaini N, Lane C, Ahmad R, Hussaini N, Hussaini A. Transient ST-elevation MI diagnosed by Holter monitoring. Ir Med J 2023; 116:862. [PMID: 37874542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
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Ahmad R, Cantwell J, Borrelli C, Lim P, D'Souza D, Gaze MN, Moinuddin S, Gains J, Veiga C. Development of Population-Based Pediatric Computational Phantoms for Radiotherapy Applications. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e456. [PMID: 37785462 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.1647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Age-specific pediatric computational phantoms are used in radiotherapy (RT) for quality assurance and for reconstruction of historical RT doses (within others). Phantoms are typically developed from healthy patients and may not effectively represent those with cancer due to pathology and/or treatment effects. This study evaluated a set of population-based pediatric computational phantoms developed in-house in terms of anatomical plausibility. MATERIALS/METHODS Planning CTs and contours from historical craniospinal irradiation (CSI) patients (n = 74, median age 7y, range: 1-17y) were used to generate and evaluate a set of in-house age-specific population-based RT phantoms (RT-P). The RT-P were generated by combining a sub-set of clinical CTs and contours through groupwise deformable image registration, generating average models of CSI sub-populations (n = 74, median age 7y, range: 3-14y). Models were then compared against clinical data and two libraries of phantoms representing healthy populations: the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) pediatric reference computational phantoms (n = 8, median age 8y, range: 1-15y) and a variety of default 4D extended cardiac torso (XCAT) phantoms (n = 75, median age 9y, range: 1-18y). Variation between organ volumes for the different datasets was assessed through a linear fit of organ volume with age, reporting the slope (∑) of each fit [y-1]. Average difference between the volume datapoints and the linear fit for clinical data (Δ) [%] were also reported. This allowed for comparisons of the RT-P to clinical and reference data in terms of organ volumes across developmental stages. RESULTS The table shows 9 of the 19 investigated organs. The ∑ reported for RT-P models were of similar magnitude as the clinical data and other phantoms, effectively modelling changes with age. The greatest and least ∑ were reported from lungs and thyroid respectively, in agreement with expected relative sizes between organs. Larger values for Δ were likely due to differences in organ filling and segmentation strategy between datasets, limitations of RT-P methodology, and/or anatomical differences between healthy and cancer populations. CONCLUSION The RT-P models show promise in representing the RT cohort that may benefit from specialized anatomical phantoms. Further work is needed to address the limitations of the current methodology and its applicability to other RT cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Ahmad
- Centre for Medical Image Computing, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - J Cantwell
- Radiotherapy, University College London Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - C Borrelli
- Centre for Medical Image Computing, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - P Lim
- University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - D D'Souza
- Radiotherapy, University College London Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - M N Gaze
- Department of Oncology, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - S Moinuddin
- Radiotherapy, University College London Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - J Gains
- Department of Radiotherapy, University College London Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - C Veiga
- Centre for Medical Image Computing, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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Iqbal W, Ayyub CM, Jahangir MM, Ahmad R. Effect of foliar application of bio-stimulants on growth, yield and nutritional quality of broccoli. BRAZ J BIOL 2023; 83:e263302. [PMID: 37493781 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.263302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Broccoli is one of important cole crop grown all over the world due to its unique nutritional profile consumed fresh as well as processed. It contains a wide range of nutrients, vitamins, minerals and specific anti-cancer compounds such as glucosinolates. Broccoli cultivation in Pakistan is increasing rapidly, however, till now there is no standardized cropping technology for broccoli cultivation under local climate. Considering research gap (lack of suitable varieties, poor growth, and unavailability of optimized crop technology), trial was conducted at Vegetable research area, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad to evaluate the impact of bio-stimulants on different broccoli cultivars under local climatic conditions. The set of experimental treatments was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Pre-harvest application of Isabion and Seaweed extract significantly enhanced the plant height (11%), dry weight (4%), leaf area (7%), and yield plant-1 (5%). Moreover, Isabion and seaweed extract application led to the increase in antioxidant enzymes i.e., superoxide dismutase (18%), peroxidase (38%) and catalase (12%). In crux, the foliar application of bio-stimulants (Isabion and seaweed extract) on broccoli enhanced the growth, yield, and contents of antioxidant enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Iqbal
- University of Agriculture, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - C M Ayyub
- University of Agriculture, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - M M Jahangir
- University of Agriculture, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - R Ahmad
- University of Agriculture, Department of Agronomy, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Lakshminarayan R, Bent C, Taylor J, Bryant T, Ahmad R, Diamantopoulos A, Morgan RA. Developing day-case units: imperative for optimal patient care in interventional radiology. Clin Radiol 2023; 78:295-300. [PMID: 36702708 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2022.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
As interventional radiology (IR) treatments have evolved, they have become less invasive, enabling rapid recovery, which expedites ambulation and promotes same-day discharge. As a result of this, a significant proportion of IR elective work can be provided using a day-case service model. Reconfiguration of IR services to increase day-case procedures using a dedicated IR day-case unit (RDU) to facilitate the passage of patients is vital to ensure best medical practice. The aim of this review is to discuss the benefits of day-case IR procedures, the optimal structure of an RDU, and to inform radiologists how to introduce and/or improve day-case IR services in their IR practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Lakshminarayan
- Department of Vascular Radiology, Hull University Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull, UK
| | - C Bent
- Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Dorset, Dorset, UK
| | - J Taylor
- Interventional Radiology, Frimley Health Foundation Trust, Surrey, UK
| | - T Bryant
- Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - R Ahmad
- Department of Radiology, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK
| | - A Diamantopoulos
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Guys' and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Kings College London, London, UK
| | - R A Morgan
- Department of Radiology, St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and St George's, University of London, London, UK.
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Bryant T, Ahmad R, Diamantopoulos A, Lakshminarayan R, Bent C, Taylor J, Morgan RA. Access to beds for interventional radiology patients: improving patient care. Clin Radiol 2023; 78:288-294. [PMID: 36707396 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2022.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
This review describes the rationale in support of admitting rights for interventional radiologists and presents options for the management of interventional radiology (IR) inpatients. The manuscript also discusses wider aspects of IR involvement in inpatient treatment, such as income and funding for IR services, and the implications for IR as a clinical specialty.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Bryant
- Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - R Ahmad
- Department of Radiology, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK
| | - A Diamantopoulos
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Guys' and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Kings College London, London, UK
| | - R Lakshminarayan
- Department of Vascular Radiology, Hull University Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull, UK
| | - C Bent
- Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Dorset, Dorset, UK
| | - J Taylor
- Department of Radiology, Frimley Health Foundation Trust, Surrey, UK
| | - R A Morgan
- Department of Radiology, St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and St George's, University of London, London, UK.
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Hussain I, Shaheen I, Ahmad R, Ali I, Hussain K, Hussain SS, Alsaiari NS, Katubi KM, Eldin SM, Ansari MZ. Binder-free cupric-ion containing zinc sulfide nanoplates-like structure for flexible energy storage devices. Chemosphere 2023; 314:137660. [PMID: 36581122 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Researchers have been enthusiastic about developing high-performance electrode materials based on metal chalcogenides for energy storage applications. Herein, we developed cupric ion-containing zinc sulfide (ZnS:Cu) nanoplates by using a solvothermal approach. The as-synthesized ZnS:Cu nanoplates electrode was characterized and analyzed by using XRD, SEM, TEM, EDS, and XPS. The binder-free flexible ZnS:Cu nanoplates exhibited excellent specific capacitance of 545 F g-1 at a current density of 1 A g-1. The CV and GCD measurements revealed that the specific capacitance was mainly attributed to the Faradaic redox mechanism. Further, the binder-free flexible ZnS:Cu nanoplates electrode retained 87.4% along with excellent Coulombic efficiency (99%) after 5000 cycles. The binder-free flexible ZnS:Cu nanoplates exhibited excellent conductivity, specific capacitance, and stability which are beneficial in energy storage systems. These findings will also open new horizons amongst material scientists toward the new direction of electrode development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iftikhar Hussain
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
| | - Irum Shaheen
- Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center, Orta Mah. Tuzla 34956 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Rabia Ahmad
- U.S.-Pakistan Center for Advanced Studies in Energy (USPCAS-E), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Ijaz Ali
- Department of Materials Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City 243, Taiwan
| | - Khurshid Hussain
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sayed Sajid Hussain
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Norah Salem Alsaiari
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P. O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khadijah Mohammedsaleh Katubi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P. O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sayed M Eldin
- Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Future University in Egypt, New Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Mohd Zahid Ansari
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, Republic of Korea.
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Fatima B, Siddiqui SI, Rajor HK, Malik MA, Narasimharao K, Ahmad R, Vikrant K, Kim T, Kim KH. Photocatalytic removal of organic dye using green synthesized zinc oxide coupled cadmium tungstate nanocomposite under natural solar light irradiation. Environ Res 2023; 216:114534. [PMID: 36252831 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In this work, zinc oxide coupled cadmium tungstate (ZnO-CT) was prepared as a nano-photocatalyst through a green synthesis route using lemon leaf extract and characterized based on diverse microscopic and spectroscopic techniques. To explore the applicabilties of the prepared nanocomposite (NC), its photocatalytic activity has been investigated against Congo red (CR) dye under natural solar light irradiation conditions. ZnO- CT nano-photocatalyst showcases 97% photocatalytic degradation of the CR after 90 min of natural solar light irradiation with quantum yield of 1.16 × 10-8 molecules photon-1. The ZnO-CT NC has shown the enhanced photocatalytic degradation performance against CR when compared to its pristine forms (e.g., ZnO (70%) or CT (44%)). According to the free radical trapping and quenching experiments, the photocatalytic activity of ZnO-CT NC appears to be driven efficiently by superoxide and hydroxyl radicals. The photocatalytic degradation kinetics for CR dye was also studied using the pseudo-first-order, diffusional, and Singh models. The high photocatalytic activity of ZnO-CT NC can be accounted for by the presence of electron-withdrawing functional groups like acids (-COOH) and aldehydes (-CHO) on its surface which helped maintain the prolonged recombination of charge carriers and enhanced stability of ZnO-CT (with moderately low leaching rate of cadmium ions (∼2-5%)).
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Affiliation(s)
- Bushra Fatima
- Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Sharf Ilahi Siddiqui
- Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India; Department of Chemistry, Ramjas College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Hament Kumar Rajor
- Department of Chemistry, Ramjas College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Maqsood Ahmad Malik
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Katabathini Narasimharao
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rabia Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Kumar Vikrant
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-Ro, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Taejin Kim
- Materials Science and Chemical Engineering Department, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
| | - Ki-Hyun Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-Ro, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
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Gul IF, Anwar H, Raza MA, Ahmad R, Iqbal N, Ali G. Fe/Co doped ZIF derived nitrogen doped nanoporous carbon as electrode material for supercapacitors. J IND ENG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2022.09.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Zubair A, Zhang H, Scholfield DW, Ahmad R, Ahmed J, Ali S, Ghufoor K. Head-neck dissection course during COVID-19 pandemic: challenges, adaptations and how we did it. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2022; 104:694-699. [PMID: 35175784 PMCID: PMC9685903 DOI: 10.1308/rcsann.2021.0316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cadaveric dissection courses have come to a standstill since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition to limited operative opportunities, cancellation of such courses has severely impacted surgical training, especially in a craft-based specialty such as head-neck surgery. The aim of this educational project was to: (1) study the feasibility of an in-person head-neck cadaveric dissection course during COVID-19 pandemic; and (2) validate the educational benefit of this teaching method to ear, nose and throat (ENT) trainees. METHODS We developed a 2-day head-neck cadaveric dissection course for ENT trainees. The course programme covered essential head-neck open surgical procedures. Content validity (subjective feedback) was assessed using a 5-point Likert scale. Construct validity (objective usefulness) was evaluated via two pre- and post-course questionnaires, estimating knowledge of head-neck surgical anatomy and self-assessment of levels of confidence with head-neck procedures, respectively. RESULTS A risk assessment was conducted and a protocol developed (risk was deemed to be low/tolerable). Content validity showed high satisfaction compared with a median Likert score of 3, 'average' (p=0.000002). For construct validity, the mean score per question improved significantly (p=0.001). Overall levels of confidence showed a trend towards improvement (p=0.08). There was significant improvement in laryngectomy (p=0.01) and level I dissection (p=0.01), with an indication of improvement in level II-V dissection (p=0.07). CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated that a cadaveric dissection course, using thorough risk assessment and protocol, could be safely conducted with high content and construct validation during these unprecedented times. This is an invaluable learning environment that needs to be encouraged despite infection control restrictions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - H Zhang
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | | | - R Ahmad
- Queen Mary University of London, UK
| | | | - S Ali
- Barts Health NHS Trust, UK
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Parrey SH, Ud Din Parray M, Manoharadas S, Altaf M, Alrefaei AF, Badjah Hadj AYM, Patel R, Ahmad R, Khan AB. Biomimetic Synthesis of Au‐Nps using Cassia fistula Flower Extract and Studies of their Protein Interaction. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202203042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mehraj Ud Din Parray
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia New Delhi India
| | - Salim Manoharadas
- King Saud University Department of Botany and Microbiology College of Science Building 5, P.O. Box. 2454 Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia
- King Saud University Central Laboratory RM 55A College of Science Building 5, P.O. Box. 2454 Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Altaf
- King Saud University Central Laboratory RM 55A College of Science Building 5, P.O. Box. 2454 Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia
- King Saud University Department of chemistry College of Science Building 5, P.O. Box. 2454 Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulwahed Fahad Alrefaei
- King Saud University Department of Zoology College of Science, P.O. Box. 2454 Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Yacine M. Badjah Hadj
- King Saud University Department of chemistry College of Science Building 5, P.O. Box. 2454 Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Rajan Patel
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia New Delhi India
| | - Rabia Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry Jamia Millia Islamia New Delhi India
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Vornehm M, Wetzl J, Giese D, Ahmad R, Knoll F. Spatiotemporal variational neural network for reconstruction of highly accelerated cardiac cine MRI. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jeac141.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: Private company. Main funding source(s): Siemens Healthcare GmbH; NIH Grant.
Background
Acquisition of cardiac cine MRI usually requires the subject to repeatedly hold their breath for several seconds. Deep learning-based reconstruction of highly undersampled data could allow higher accelerations and has been proposed for several applications. The variational network [1] (VN) was one of the first network architectures for MRI reconstruction, replicating iterative reconstruction with a regularization term learnt from training data.
Purpose
To expand the concept of VNs to spatiotemporal data from cardiac cine acquisitions. Reconstructions are presented and compared using 3D, 2D spatial-only, and 2D+t spatiotemporal convolutions.
Methods
A VN with intermediate quantities in k-space [2] was trained to reconstruct cine sequences from retrospectively undersampled data. The network architecture is illustrated in Fig. 1. It consisted of 10 cascades, each resembling a gradient descent step of an iterative reconstruction. Each refinement step contained a Residual U-Net (cf. Fig. 1d). Pre-estimated coil sensitivity maps were used in all transformations between k-space and image space.
The convolution operations were implemented as either 2D spatial-only, 3D, or separable 2D+t spatiotemporal convolutions. A 2D+t convolution consisted of a 2D spatial convolution followed by an activation function and a 1D temporal convolution (cf. Fig. 1e).
The OCMR dataset [3] was used for training and evaluation. It contains 183 fully sampled cine slices from 74 subjects in different imaging planes with 15 to 38 coils and 15 to 31 temporal frames at 1.5T and 3T. The training set contained 142 slices from 33 individuals, which includes all multi-slice acquisitions from the dataset. The validation set consisted of 22 single slices and the network performance was evaluated on the remaining, previously unseen 19 single-slice acquisitions.
The k-space data was retrospectively undersampled using a variable density mask [4]. Sensitivity-based coil combination of the fully sampled k-space was used as ground truth. Coil sensitivity maps were estimated with ESPIRiT. Six networks were trained using the different convolution types mentioned above, each for acceleration factors R=8 and R=12.
Results
Exemplary reconstructions and quantitative results are given in Fig. 2. At R=8, reconstruction with 2D+t and 3D convolutions reached high structural similarity (SSIM) scores of around 0.95, while the 2D convolutions only reached 0.74. Artifacts are clearly visible in reconstructions learnt with 2D kernels. At R=12, reconstruction quality degraded most considerably with 2D convolution kernels.
Conclusion
Reconstruction of highly accelerated cardiac cine data using VNs yielded very good preliminary results. Convolutions that exploit temporal correlations are clearly beneficial over spatial-only convolutions. 2D+t spatiotemporal convolutions may be preferable over 3D convolutions due to reduced model capacity with similar reconstruction capability. Network design with 2D+t convolutionExample reconstruction and time profiles
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Affiliation(s)
- M Vornehm
- Friedrich Alexander University, Computational Imaging Lab , Erlangen , Germany
| | - J Wetzl
- Siemens Healthcare GmbH , Erlangen , Germany
| | - D Giese
- Siemens Healthcare GmbH , Erlangen , Germany
| | - R Ahmad
- The Ohio State University, Biomedical Engineering , Columbus , United States of America
| | - F Knoll
- Friedrich Alexander University, Computational Imaging Lab , Erlangen , Germany
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Veiga C, Cantwell J, Ahmad R, Lim P, D'Souza D, Gaze M, Moinuddin S, Gains J. PO-1789 Quantitative evaluation of whole-body spatial normalisation in paediatric patients. Radiother Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(22)03753-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Ahmad R, Baer E, Pile K, Collins-Fekete C, Gulliford S, Wickers S, Hawkins M. PO-1731 Investigating proton therapy as a treatment option for pregnant breast cancer patients. Radiother Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(22)03695-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Al-Siweedi SYA, Ngeow WC, Nambiar P, Abu-Hassan MI, Ahmad R, Asif MK, Chai WL. A new classification system of trifid mandibular canal derived from Malaysian population. Folia Morphol (Warsz) 2022; 82:315-324. [PMID: 35285511 DOI: 10.5603/fm.a2022.0024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to identify and classify the anatomic variation of mandibular canal among Malaysians of 3 ethnicities. MATERIALS AND METHODS The courses of the mandibular canal in 202 CBCT scanned images of healthy Malaysians were evaluated, and trifid mandibular canal (TMC) when present, were recorded and studied in detail by categorizing them to a new classification (comprising of 12 types). The diameter and length of canals were also measured, and their shape determined. RESULTS TMC were observed in 12 (5.9%) subjects or 16 (4.0%) hemi-mandibles. There were 10 obvious categories out the 12 types of TMCs listed. All TMCs (except one) were observed in older than 30 years. The prevalence according to ethnicity is 6 in Malays, 5 in Chinese and 1 in Indian. Four (33.3%) patients had bilateral TMCs, which was not seen in any Indian subject. More than half (56.3%) of the accessory canals were located above the main MC. Their mean diameter was 1.32mm and 1.26mm for the first and second accessory canal, and the corresponding lengths were 20.42mm and 21.60mm, respectively. Most canals (62.5%) had irregularly shaped lumen; there were more irregularly shaped canals in the second accessory canal than the first branch. None of the second accessory canal was oval (in shape). CONCLUSIONS This new classification can be applied for the variations in the branching pattern, length and shape of TMCs for better clinical description.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y A Al-Siweedi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - W C Ngeow
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - P Nambiar
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Faculty of Dentistry, MAHSA University, Jln SP 2, Bandar Saujana Putra, 42610 Jenjarum, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - M I Abu-Hassan
- Centre of Studies for Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sg Buloh 47000 Malaysia
| | - R Ahmad
- Centre of Studies for Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sg Buloh 47000 Malaysia
| | - M K Asif
- Department of Research and Forensic Odontology, Shifa College of Dentistry, Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - W L Chai
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Raza MA, Wahab A, Bhatti AHU, Ahmad A, Ahmad R, Iqbal N, Ali G. CoS2/MnS2 co-doped ZIF-derived nitrogen doped high surface area carbon-based electrode for high-performance supercapacitors. Electrochim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2022.139914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Ain SN, Ahmad R, Qulsum R, Gilani MA. Potential vaccine hesitancy regarding COVID-19 vaccines in Kashmiri population. J Educ Health Promot 2021; 10:436. [PMID: 35071642 PMCID: PMC8719562 DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_40_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND India is all set to begin vaccination against COVID-19. A good number of people are falling prey to anti-vaccination campaigns, and therefore, some amount of vaccine hesitancy must have developed. The primary objective of the study was to find the level of potential COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Kashmiri population. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a cross-sectional study conducted in the valley of Kashmir. A predesigned questionnaire was shared online. The participation of respondents was voluntary. Exclusions were made on account of residence outside Kashmir valley, duplicate forms, and wrong information. The data were entered into Microsoft Excel 2010 and analyzed using SPSS version 23. RESULTS A total of 487 respondents were included. About 67% of the participants were in the age group of ≤30 years, 55% female, 54% rural, and 16% had ever been COVID-19 positive. About 14% of the participants were completely hesitant about receiving the COVID-19 vaccine, whereas 40% were unsure if they will accept the vaccination. The main reason for the total nonacceptance of the vaccine was the doubts about the safety of COVID-19 vaccines (67%). Urban people were more likely to be hesitant to the vaccine than rural people (odds ratio [OR] 1.845, confidence interval CI 1.022 to 3.333). Those who were ever COVID-19 positive were 3.3 times more likely to say "no" to COVID-19 vaccination than those who were never positive. CONCLUSION Strategic steps must be taken to minimize the vaccine hesitancy associated with COVID-19 vaccination. Authorities should direct efforts toward vaccine education, creating awareness among people about the importance of COVID-19 vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Najmul Ain
- Senior Resident at The Department of Community Medicine, GMC, Baramulla, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Rabia Ahmad
- Senior Resident at The Department of Community Medicine, GMC, Baramulla, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Reyana Qulsum
- Senior Resident at The Department of Community Medicine, SKIMS Soura, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Mohamad Azhar Gilani
- Post-graduate Student at the Department of Orthopaedics SKIMS Medical College, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
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O'Flaherty N, Moloney K, Ahmad R, Laird E, Hughes C, McNulty H, Ward M, Strain JJ, Molloy AM, Cunningham C, McCarroll K. 135 VITAMIN D FORTIFIED MILK—EFFECT ON VITAMIN D STATUS IN OLDER ADULTS. Age Ageing 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afab219.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Vitamin D fortified milk is used by some older adults to boost vitamin D status. Combined vitamin D/calcium supplements often cause gastrointestinal upset which reduces adherence. Consumption of fortified milk may be a more consistent and reliable way of increasing serum 25 hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], though studies of it’s efficacy in older adults are limited.
Methods
We examined the vitamin D status of users of vitamin D fortified milk in participants of a longitudinal study of community dwelling Irish adults aged >60 yrs. Patients taking vitamin D supplements were excluded and independent effects were explored in multinomial regression models. Vitamin D deficiency was defined as a 25(OH)D level < 30 nmol/l.
Results
2496 participants were identified: mean age was 70.5 ± 7.0 years (range 60–96 yrs) and 145 (5.8%) reported using vitamin D fortified milk. In those who consumed fortified milk, there was a lower prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (17.9 vs 34.5%, P < 0.001). Vitamin D fortified milk also predicted less deficiency after adjusting for age, gender, season, BMI and physical frailty (OR 0.30. CI 0.19–0.48, P < 0.001).
Conclusion
Vitamin D fortified milk was associated with a 70% reduction in the risk of vitamin D deficiency in older adults not taking vitamin D supplements. Findings support the use of vitamin D fortified milk as an effective means of improving vitamin D status. Fortified milk also contains additional calcium and so can be used to augment daily calcium intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- N O'Flaherty
- MedEl Directorate, St James's Hospital , Dublin, Ireland
| | - K Moloney
- MedEl Directorate, St James's Hospital , Dublin, Ireland
| | - R Ahmad
- MedEl Directorate, St James's Hospital , Dublin, Ireland
| | - E Laird
- School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin , Dublin, Ireland
| | - C Hughes
- The Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE) , School of Biomedical Sciences, , Coleraine, United Kingdom
- Ulster University , School of Biomedical Sciences, , Coleraine, United Kingdom
| | - H McNulty
- The Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE) , School of Biomedical Sciences, , Coleraine, United Kingdom
- Ulster University , School of Biomedical Sciences, , Coleraine, United Kingdom
| | - M Ward
- The Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE) , School of Biomedical Sciences, , Coleraine, United Kingdom
- Ulster University , School of Biomedical Sciences, , Coleraine, United Kingdom
| | - J J Strain
- The Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE) , School of Biomedical Sciences, , Coleraine, United Kingdom
- Ulster University , School of Biomedical Sciences, , Coleraine, United Kingdom
| | - A M Molloy
- School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin , Dublin, Ireland
| | - C Cunningham
- MedEl Directorate, St James's Hospital , Dublin, Ireland
- Mercer's Institute for Successful Ageing, St James's Hospital , Dublin, Ireland
| | - K McCarroll
- MedEl Directorate, St James's Hospital , Dublin, Ireland
- Mercer's Institute for Successful Ageing, St James's Hospital , Dublin, Ireland
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Moloney K, O'Flaherty N, Ahmad R, Laird E, Hughes C, McNulty H, Ward M, Strain JJ, Molloy AM, Cunningham C, McCarroll K. 130 PREDICTORS OF DRIVING STATUS IN OLDER IRISH ADULTS ATTENDING A GERIATRIC OUTPATIENT SERVICE. Age Ageing 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afab216.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The main mode of transportation in Ireland remains travel by car. Transport mobility is important for older adults in accessing shops, healthcare, services, community and in maintaining relationships. Cessation of driving is associated with negative effects on mental health, loneliness and physical health. We aimed to explore factors associated with driving status in older adults living in an urban environment.
Methods
Study included adults aged greater than 65 years attending a geriatric outpatient service in an urban environment and recruited as part of the TUDA (Trinity Ulster, Department of Agriculture) study. We excluded those with a MMSE (Mini-Mental State Exam) less than 24 as we aimed to include only non-dementia patients. Physical frailty was measured with the Timed Up and Go (TUG) and depression with the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression scale (CES-D). Factors associated with driving status were explored in multinomial regression models.
Results
1978 adults, mean age 77.7 ± 7.1 years, 76.0% were female. 35.5% were current drivers but this differed by age category 45.9% (65–75 years), 25% (75–85 years) and 12.5% (85+ years). 28.1% were past drivers. Positive independent predictors of current driving were younger age (P < 0.001), male gender (P < 0.001), married status (P = 0.01), higher socioeconomic status (P < 0.0001) while negative predictors included physical frailty (TUG, P < 0.001), visual impairment (P = 0.01), stroke (P < 0.001), depression (P < 0.001) and self reported loneliness (P = 0.01).
Conclusion
One third of patients attending a geriatric outpatients in an urban environment were currently driving which is much lower than in the general older Irish population. However, our study included frail adults living in more deprived socioeconomic areas and had a high proportion of females who had never learned to drive. Furthermore, access to urban public transport may be a factor. Non-drivers were more likely to have depression and report loneliness independent of other factors highlighting its negative impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Moloney
- MedEL Directorate, St James's Hospital , Dublin, Ireland
| | - N O'Flaherty
- MedEL Directorate, St James's Hospital , Dublin, Ireland
| | - R Ahmad
- MedEL Directorate, St James's Hospital , Dublin, Ireland
| | - E Laird
- School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin , Dublin, Ireland
| | - C Hughes
- The Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE) , School of Biomedical Sciences, , Coleraine, United Kingdom
- Ulster University , School of Biomedical Sciences, , Coleraine, United Kingdom
| | - H McNulty
- The Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE) , School of Biomedical Sciences, , Coleraine, United Kingdom
- Ulster University , School of Biomedical Sciences, , Coleraine, United Kingdom
| | - M Ward
- The Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE) , School of Biomedical Sciences, , Coleraine, United Kingdom
- Ulster University , School of Biomedical Sciences, , Coleraine, United Kingdom
| | - J J Strain
- The Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE) , School of Biomedical Sciences, , Coleraine, United Kingdom
- Ulster University , School of Biomedical Sciences, , Coleraine, United Kingdom
| | - A M Molloy
- School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin , Dublin, Ireland
| | - C Cunningham
- MedEL Directorate, St James's Hospital , Dublin, Ireland
- Mercer’s Institute for Successful Ageing, St James’s Hospital , Dublin, Ireland
| | - K McCarroll
- MedEL Directorate, St James's Hospital , Dublin, Ireland
- Mercer’s Institute for Successful Ageing, St James’s Hospital , Dublin, Ireland
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Ch MU, Akhtar F, Jamal N, Ahmad R, Bukhsh S, Mansur H. IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL EXPRESSION OF BRAFV600E IN MELANOMA CASES. PAFMJ 2021. [DOI: 10.51253/pafmj.v71i5.5955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic value of Immunohistochemistry (IHC) for finding BRAFV600E mutation in melanoma patients.
Study Design: Cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Histopathology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Rawalpindi Pakistan, Jan 2018 to Apr 2019.
Methodology: Hundred histologically confirmed cases of melanoma aged between 18-80 years were included over a period of one year. To create the tissue microarray and to conduct immunohistochemistry with VE1 antibody melanoma lesion samples were selected.
Results: Ninety-four cases out of 100, were melanoma positive for BRAFV600E detected on immunohistochemistry (IHC) using a monoclonal antibody. The skin was the primary site in seventy-nine (79%) patients, unknown (metastatic) in nineteen and uveal was only in two cases. The diagnostic significance of immunohistochemistry (IHC) for detecting the BRAFV600E mutation in melanoma patients was independent of age, site and stage at diagnosis (p-value <0.05).
Conclusion: Testing of BRAV600E mutation by immunohistochemistry is a rapid, reliable and cost-effective tool in melanoma patients which may further help clinicians in initiating targeted therapy for these patients.
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Abd. Rahni AA, Mustaza SM, Mokri SS, Azmi NA, Ahmad R, Ramli R, Wan Abdul Rahman WN. Design of a 3D Printed Respiratory Motion Thoracic Phantom. 2021 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) 2021. [DOI: 10.1109/nss/mic44867.2021.9875875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - R. Ahmad
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia,Malaysia
| | - R. Ramli
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia,Malaysia
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Mohd Amin AT, Mokri SS, Ahmad R, Rahni AAA. Evaluation of Data Driven Respiratory Signal Extraction Methods from Cone-Beam CT using MR-based Digital Phantoms. 2021 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) 2021. [DOI: 10.1109/nss/mic44867.2021.9875497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - R. Ahmad
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia,Malaysia
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23
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Fatima B, Siddiqui SI, Ahmad R, Linh NTT, Thai VN. CuO-ZnO-CdWO 4: a sustainable and environmentally benign photocatalytic system for water cleansing. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021; 28:53793-53803. [PMID: 34041667 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14543-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Currently, there is a major problem of water contaminations, especially of dyes, all over the world. A new technique is being developed daily for the treatment of contaminated water. In many ways, a photocatalytic degradation of a dye by a mixed metal oxide photocatalyst is counted as the best technique for water treatment. This paper also addresses the preparation and photocatalytic application of newly developed mixed metal oxide nanocomposite, CuO-ZnO-CdWO4. A novel mixed metal oxide CuO-ZnO-CdWO4 nanocomposite has been synthesized by a green route using Brassica Rapa leaves extract. The application of CuO-ZnO-CdWO4 as a photocatalyst in wastewater treatment has been thoroughly discussed. Several spectroscopic and microscopic techniques were used to characterize the prepared nanocomposite. The photocatalytic activity of CuO-ZnO-CdWO4 nanocomposite with a band gap of 3.13 eV was observed under the artificial visible light and sunlight for the degradation of Congo red dye. The results under sunlight show the 1.45 times greater removal efficiency than under the artificial visible light. Pseudo-first-order, diffusion, and Singh kinetics models were used to describe the kinetics of dye degradation. Pseudo-first-order model was found to be best fitted model for present study. The performance of CuO-ZnO-CdWO4 was estimated by significant parameters such as quantum yield, figure of merit, turnover number, and mean turnover frequency. The value these parameters were calculated as 1.70 × 10-8 molecules photon-1, 1.77 × 10-4, 2.98 × 108 s-1, and 3.31 × 10-4 s-1, respectively. These parameters revealed high potential of CuO-ZnO-CdWO4 for Congo red dye degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bushra Fatima
- Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | | | - Rabia Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Nguyen Thi Thuy Linh
- Faculty of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Thuyloi University, 175 Tay Son, Dong Da, Hanoi, 100000, Vietnam
| | - Van Nam Thai
- Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HUTECH), 475A, Dien Bien Phu, Ward 25, Binh Thanh District, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
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Gil K, Zareba KM, Rajpal S, Simonetti OP, Addison D, Bhatti S, Chen C, Ahmad R, Tong MS. Rapid cardiovascular magnetic resonance protocol utilizing compressed sensing real-time imaging during the COVID-19 pandemic. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2021. [PMCID: PMC8344820 DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jeab090.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.
Background
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) poses many workflow challenges for healthcare systems. Elective cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) exams were postponed until safety protocols were instituted. Since reopening, imaging labs are managing COVID-19 safety triaging, exam backlog, and increased referrals, thus innovative solutions for process improvement are needed.
Purpose
An accelerated compressed sensing (CS) real-time (RT) technique offers dynamic cardiac imaging with high spatial and temporal resolution without image degradation. We sought to evaluate the efficiency of a rapid RT CMR protocol with a goal to decrease scan time without compromising study quality and comprehensiveness.
Methods
We retrospectively evaluated 219 CMRs (Siemens Magnetom Sola 1.5T) performed 09/01/2020 - 10/15/2020. After excluding 81 exams due to heterogeneous protocols (Figure 1), we analyzed 138 CMR exams using standard cardiomyopathy or myocarditis protocols. CMR studies utilized either a rapid RT short axis (SAX) cine (spatial resolution of 2.5 mm2 or better and temporal resolution of 55 ms or better) or standard breath-held (BH) SAX cine protocol (Figure 2). Protocols were chosen by the interpreting physician. Previous internal quality control demonstrated similar volumetric quantification between RT and BH SAX cines. RT cines were reconstructed inline using a CS-based method. We analyzed the length of time needed to complete each protocol and the number of series performed. Statistical analysis included student t-test with p value <0.05 considered significant.
Results
Of 138 analyzed CMR exams, there were 23 rapid protocols and 115 standard protocols performed. The mean image acquisition time for the rapid protocol was significantly shorter at 26 ± 6 minutes (range 18-44 min) vs 33 ± 6 minutes (range 22-49 min) for the standard protocol, p < 0.001. This represents a mean relative reduction in scan time of 21%. More time was saved in rapid myocarditis (scan time 25 ± 6 min vs 34 ± 6 min, p = 0.01; relative time reduction 26%) vs rapid cardiomyopathy protocols (scan time 27 ± 6 min vs 31 ± 6 min, p = 0.04; relative time reduction 13%). There was no significant difference in the number of series performed (62 ± 14 series in rapid vs 67 ± 11 series in standard protocols, p = 0.09). T1 and T2 maps constituted the same percentage of acquired images regardless of protocol used (T1 maps 1.8% vs 1.7% for cardiomyopathy, 1.4% vs 1.4% for myocarditis in standard vs rapid protocols respectively; T2 maps 1.8% vs 1.7% for cardiomyopathy, 5.6% vs 5.8% for myocarditis in standard vs rapid protocols respectively).
Conclusions
A rapid CMR protocol utilizing a CS-based RT imaging is significantly shorter as compared to the standard protocol with adequate diagnostic quality. Rapid CMR protocols are an effective tool for process improvement during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Gil
- Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Columbus, United States of America
| | - KM Zareba
- Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Columbus, United States of America
| | - S Rajpal
- Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Columbus, United States of America
| | - OP Simonetti
- Davis Heart & Lung Research Institute, Columbus, United States of America
| | - D Addison
- Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Columbus, United States of America
| | - S Bhatti
- Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Columbus, United States of America
| | - C Chen
- The Ohio State University, Biomedical Engineering, Columbus, United States of America
| | - R Ahmad
- Davis Heart & Lung Research Institute, Columbus, United States of America
| | - MS Tong
- Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Columbus, United States of America
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Jamal S, Khadim MT, Din HU, Asif M, Ahmad R, Rashid F. Childhood cancers: Analysis of 1279 cases at Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Rawalpindi, Pakistan. J PAK MED ASSOC 2021; 70:1009-1012. [PMID: 32810091 DOI: 10.5455/jpma.26579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the clinicopathological pattern of childhood malignancies registered with a pathology-based tumour registry. METHODS The descriptive retrospective study was conducted at the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Rawalpindi, Pakistan, and comprised data related to all the histologically diagnosed malignant childhood tumours in the institutional tumour registry from January 2009 to December 2018. Data was analysed using SPSS 20 for the site of involvement, age distribution and histological types of tumours. RESULTS Of the total 37793 malignant tumours, 1279(3.38%) were in paediatric subjects aged <15 years. There were 820(64.1%) male subjects and 459(35.8%) were female. Lymph node malignancies were the commonest 261(20.4%), followed by eye tumours 251(19.6%), and brain 107(8.3%). CONCLUSIONS Lymphomas and eye tumours were found to form the main bulk of childhood cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahid Jamal
- Watim Medical Dental college, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | | | - Hafeez Ud Din
- Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Asif
- Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Rabia Ahmad
- Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Farhat Rashid
- Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
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Parrey S, Maseet M, Ahmad R, Khan AB. Deciphering the Kinetic Study of Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate on Ag Nanoparticle Synthesis Using Cassia siamea Flower Extract as a Reducing Agent. ACS Omega 2021; 6:12155-12167. [PMID: 34056369 PMCID: PMC8154150 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c00847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) were synthesized using Cassia siamea flower petal extract (CSFE) as a reducing agent for the first time. In its presence and absence, the correlative effects of the anionic surface-active agent sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) were studied with respect to the development and texture of Ag NPs. Under different reagent compositions, the Ag NPs were inferred by localized surface plasmon resonance peaks between 419 and 455 nm. In the absence of SDS, there was a small eminence at 290 and around 350 nm, pointing toward the possibility of irregular polytope Ag NPs, which was confirmed in the transmission electron microscopy images. This elevation vanished beyond the cmc of [SDS], resulting in spherical and oval shaped Ag NPs. The effects of reagent concentrations were studied at 25 °C and around 7 and 9 pH in the absence and presence of SDS, respectively. Also, kinetic studies were performed by UV-visible spectrophotometry. Prodigious effects on shape and size were found under different synthesis conditions in terms of hexagonal, rod-, irregular-, and spherical shaped Ag NPs. Furthermore, the antimycotic activity of the synthesized Ag NPs was established on different Candida strains, and best results were found pertaining Candida tropicalis. The ensuing study impels the control of texture and dispersity for Ag NPs by CSFE and SDS, and the resultant polytope Ag NPs could be a future solution for drug-resistant pathogenic fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohsin Maseet
- Department
of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Rabia Ahmad
- Department
of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Abbul Bashar Khan
- Department
of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
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Ameer A, Akhtar F, Ud Din H, Ahmad R. IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL EXPRESSION OF ANDROGEN RECEPTOR IN TRIPLE NEGATIVE BREAST CARCINOMA AT ARMED FORCES INSTITUTE OF PATHOLOGY, RAWALPINDI. PAFMJ 2021. [DOI: 10.51253/pafmj.v71i1.4687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To determine the frequency of immunohistochemical expression of androgen receptor in triplenegative breast carcinoma.
Study Design: Cross sectional study.
Duration and Place of Study: This study included 30 cases confirmed as triple negative breast carcinoma atArmed Forces Institute of Pathology Rawalpindi, from Jan to Jul 2018.
Methodology: Anti-androgen receptor antibody was applied and assessed. Positive expression was defined asgreater and equal to 10% nuclear immunostaining. SPSS-24 was used for analyzing data.
Results: Out of 30 cases of triple negative breast carcinoma (TNBC), all patients were female. Patients’ agesranged between 21-72 years with a mean age of 46.35 years and a standard deviation of ± 13.4. Androgen receptor expression was positive in 8 cases (27%) of all triple negative breast carcinomas. Out of these androgen receptor (AR) triple negative breast carcinomas; all 8 cases were of histological subtype invasive ductal (mammary) carcinoma, non special type, 7 cases (23%) were of histological grade 3 and 1 was of histological grade 2.
Conclusion: Androgen receptor expression is observed in 8 cases (27%) of triple negative breast carcinoma cases. Such patients can be selected as candidates for anti- androgen receptor targeted therapy.
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Chanchlani R, Jangid M, Ahmad R, Sharma P. Pediatric Ovarian Torsion: A Diagnostic Challenge in COVID-19 Times. Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) 2021; 18:120-123. [PMID: 33605255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Ovarian torsion is a rare gynecological emergency in children and an early surgical intervention is needed to salvage the ovary. Herein, we present a case of eight year old girl who presented with complaints of lower abdominal pain during ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. She was diagnosed as a case of ovarian torsion on right side. She underwent exploratory laparotomy and ovarian cystectomy was performed. Delay in diagnosis and treatment of ovarian torsion may have grave consequences, resulting in functional loss of the ovary.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Chanchlani
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, India
| | - M Jangid
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, India
| | - R Ahmad
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, India
| | - P Sharma
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, India
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Fatima B, Siddiqui SI, Nirala RK, Vikrant K, Kim KH, Ahmad R, Chaudhry SA. Facile green synthesis of ZnO-CdWO 4 nanoparticles and their potential as adsorbents to remove organic dye. Environ Pollut 2021; 271:116401. [PMID: 33422746 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this work, ZnO-CdWO4 nanoparticles have been synthesized by the ecofriendly green method with lemon leaf extract to favorably anchor functional groups on their surface. The prepared ZnO-CdWO4 nanoparticles are used as adsorbent to treat Congo red (CR) dye after characterization through FT-IR, UV-Vis, TEM, SEM-EDX, and HRTEM techniques. The equilibrium partition coefficient and adsorption capacity values for CR by ZnO-CdWO4 are estimated as 21.4 mg g-1 μM-1 and 5 mg g-1, respectively (at an initial dye concentration of 10 mg L-1). The adsorption process is found as exothermic and spontaneous, as determined by the ΔG°, ΔS°, and ΔH° values. The Boyd plot has been used as a confirmatory tool to fit the adsorption kinetics data along with intraparticle diffusion and pseudo-second-order models. Based on this research, ZnO-CdWO4 nanoparticles are validated as an effective adsorbent for CR dye in aqueous solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bushra Fatima
- Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | | | - Ranjeet Kumar Nirala
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India; National Institute of Health and Family Welfare, Munirka, 110067, New Delhi, India
| | - Kumar Vikrant
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-Ro, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Hyun Kim
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-Ro, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
| | - Rabia Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Saif Ali Chaudhry
- Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India
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Nag S, Jia Z, Svedberg M, Jackson A, Ahmad R, Luthra S, Varnäs K, Farde L, Halldin C. Synthesis and Autoradiography of Novel F-18 Labeled Reversible Radioligands for Detection of Monoamine Oxidase B. ACS Chem Neurosci 2020; 11:4398-4404. [PMID: 33284012 PMCID: PMC7747220 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
![]()
Monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) is an
important enzyme regulating the
levels of monoaminergic neurotransmitters. Selective MAO-B inhibitors
have been labeled with carbon-11 or fluorine-18 to visualize the localization
of MAO-B in vivo by positron emission tomography
(PET) and thereby have been useful for studying neurodegenerative
diseases. The aim of this study was to develop promising fluorine-18
labeled reversible MAO-B PET radioligands and their biological evaluation in vitro by autoradiography. Radiolabeling was achieved
by classical one-step fluorine-18 nucleophilic substitution reaction.
The stability and radiochemical yield was analyzed with HPLC. All
five fluorine-18 labeled compounds were tested in human whole hemisphere
autoradiography experiments. Five compounds (GEH200439, GEH200448,
GEH200449, GEH200431A, and GEH200431B) were successfully radiolabeled
with fluorine-18, and the incorporation yield of the fluorination
reactions varied from 10 to 45% depending on the compound. The radiochemical
purity was higher than 99% for all at the end of synthesis. Radioligands
were found to be stable, with a radiochemical purity of >99% in
a
sterile phosphate buffered saline (pH = 7.4) over the duration of
the study. The ARG binding density of only 18F-GEH200449
was consistent with known MAO-B expression in the human brain. Radiolabeling
of five new fluorine-18 MAO-B reversible inhibitors was successfully
accomplished. Compound 18F-GEH200449 binds specifically
to MAO-B in vitro postmortem brain and could be a
potential candidate for in vivo PET investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangram Nag
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm County Council, Stockholm 17176, Sweden
| | - Zhisheng Jia
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm County Council, Stockholm 17176, Sweden
| | - Marie Svedberg
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm County Council, Stockholm 17176, Sweden
| | - Alex Jackson
- GE Healthcare Pharmaceutical Diagnostics, Little Chalfont HP8 4SP, United Kingdom
| | - Rabia Ahmad
- GE Healthcare Pharmaceutical Diagnostics, Little Chalfont HP8 4SP, United Kingdom
| | - Sajinder Luthra
- GE Healthcare Pharmaceutical Diagnostics, Little Chalfont HP8 4SP, United Kingdom
| | - Katarina Varnäs
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm County Council, Stockholm 17176, Sweden
| | - Lars Farde
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm County Council, Stockholm 17176, Sweden
| | - Christer Halldin
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm County Council, Stockholm 17176, Sweden
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Zhu N, Sánchez EC, Zhen X, Holmes A, Ahmad R. Addressing antimicrobial resistance in China: progress and challenges in translating political commitment into national action. Int J Infect Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.09.564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Jadeja N, Zhu NJ, Lebcir R, Sassi F, Ahmad R. Optimising policy analysis for AMR: A review of the capability of system dynamics for economic evaluation. Int J Infect Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.09.572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Ahmad R, Iqbal N, Baig MM, Noor T, Ali G, Gul IH. ZIF-67 derived nitrogen doped CNTs decorated with sulfur and Ni(OH)2 as potential electrode material for high-performance supercapacitors. Electrochim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2020.137147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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34
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Ahmad R, Khan UA, Iqbal N, Noor T. Zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF)-derived porous carbon materials for supercapacitors: an overview. RSC Adv 2020; 10:43733-43750. [PMID: 35519688 PMCID: PMC9058430 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra08560j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The present analysis focuses on the synthetic methods used for the application of supercapacitors with various mysterious architectures derived from zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs). ZIFs represent an emerging and unique class of metal–organic frameworks with structures similar to conventional aluminosilicate zeolites, consisting of imidazolate linkers and metal ions. Their intrinsic porous properties, robust functionalities, and excellent thermal and chemical stabilities have resulted in a wide range of potential applications for various ZIF materials. In this rapidly expanding area, energetic research activities have emerged in the past few years, ranging from synthesis approaches to attractive applications of ZIFs. In this analysis, the development of high-performance supercapacitor electrodes and recent strategies to produce them, including the synthesis of various heterostructures and nanostructures, are analyzed and summarized. This analysis goes via the ingenuity of modern science when it comes to these nanoarchitecture electrodes. Despite these significant achievements, it is still difficult to accurately monitor the morphologies of materials derived from metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) because the induction force during structural transformations at elevated temperatures is in high demand. It is also desirable to achieve the direct synthesis of highly functionalized nanosized materials derived from zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) and the growth of nanoporous structures based on ZIFs encoded in specific substrates for the construction of active materials with a high surface area suitable for electrochemical applications. The latest improvements in this field of supercapacitors with materials formed from ZIFs as electrodes using ZIFs as templates or precursors are discussed in this review. Also, the possibility of usable materials derived from ZIFs for both existing and emerging energy storage technologies is discussed. The present analysis focuses on the synthetic methods used for the application of supercapacitors with various mysterious architectures derived from zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs).![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabia Ahmad
- US-Pakistan Center for Advanced Studies in Energy (USPCAS-E), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST) Islamabad 44000 Pakistan +92-51-90855281
| | - Usman Ali Khan
- US-Pakistan Center for Advanced Studies in Energy (USPCAS-E), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST) Islamabad 44000 Pakistan +92-51-90855281
| | - Naseem Iqbal
- US-Pakistan Center for Advanced Studies in Energy (USPCAS-E), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST) Islamabad 44000 Pakistan +92-51-90855281
| | - Tayyaba Noor
- School of Chemical and Materials Engineering (SCME), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST) Islamabad 44000 Pakistan
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Nguyen HGT, Sims CM, Toman B, Horn J, van Zee RD, Thommes M, Ahmad R, Denayer JFM, Baron GV, Napolitano E, Bielewski M, Mangano E, Brandani S, Broom DP, Benham MJ, Dailly A, Dreisbach F, Edubilli S, Gumma S, Möllmer J, Lange M, Tian M, Mays TJ, Shigeoka T, Yamakita S, Hakuman M, Nakada Y, Nakai K, Hwang J, Pini R, Jiang H, Ebner AD, Nicholson MA, Ritter JA, Farrando-Pérez J, Cuadrado-Collados C, Silvestre-Albero J, Tampaxis C, Steriotis T, Řimnáčová D, Švábová M, Vorokhta M, Wang H, Bovens E, Heymans N, De Weireld G. A reference high-pressure CH4 adsorption isotherm for zeolite Y: results of an interlaboratory study. ADSORPTION 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10450-020-00253-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThis paper reports the results of an international interlaboratory study led by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) on the measurement of high-pressure surface excess methane adsorption isotherms on NIST Reference Material RM 8850 (Zeolite Y), at 25 °C up to 7.5 MPa. Twenty laboratories participated in the study and contributed over one-hundred adsorption isotherms of methane on Zeolite Y. From these data, an empirical reference equation was determined, along with a 95% uncertainty interval (Uk=2). By requiring participants to replicate a high-pressure reference isotherm for carbon dioxide adsorption on NIST Reference Material RM 8852 (ZSM-5), this interlaboratory study also demonstrated the usefulness of reference isotherms in evaluating the performance of high-pressure adsorption experiments.
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Peiffer-Smadja N, Poda A, Ouedraogo AS, Delory T, Le bel J, Bouvet E, Lariven S, Jeanmougin P, Ahmad R, Lescure FX. Comment mettre en place un système d’aide à la décision antibiotique en soins primaires en Afrique de l’Ouest ? Une étude préimplantatoire. Med Mal Infect 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medmal.2020.06.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Chelladurai G, Noor Azhar AM, Mohd Isa R, Bustam A, Ahmad R, Munisamy M. Improving cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) performance using an audio-visual feedback device for healthcare providers in an emergency department setting in Malaysia: a quasi-experimental study. Med J Malaysia 2020; 75:514-518. [PMID: 32918419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) remains the primary mechanism of resuscitation for cardiac arrest victims. However, the quality of delivery of CPR varies widely in different settings, possibly affecting patient outcomes. This study is aimed to determine the efficacy of an audio-visual (AV) CPR feedback device in improving the quality of CPR delivered by healthcare providers. METHODS This pre-post, single-arm, quasi-experimental study randomly sampled 140 healthcare providers working in the Emergency Department of Hospital Ampang, Malaysia. Parameters of CPR quality, namely chest compression rate and depth were compared among participants when they performed CPR with and without an AV CPR feedback device. The efficacy of the AV CPR feedback device was assessed using the Chi-square test and Generalised Estimating Equations (GEE) models. RESULTS The use of an AV CPR feedback device increased the proportion of healthcare providers achieving recommended depth of chest compressions from 38.6% (95% Confidence Interval, 95%CI: 30.5, 47.2) to 85.0% (95%CI: 78.0, 90.5). A similar significant improvement from 39.3% (95%CI: 31.1, 47.9) to 86.4% (95%CI: 79.6, 91.6) in the recommended rate of chest compressions was also observed. Use of the AV CPR device significantly increased the likelihood of a CPR provider achieving recommended depth of chest compressions (Odds Ratio, OR=13.01; 95%CI: 7.12, 24.01) and rate of chest compressions (OR=13.00; 95%CI: 7.21, 23.44). CONCLUSION The use of an AV CPR feedback device significantly improved the delivered rate and depth of chest compressions closer to American Heart Association (AHA) recommendations. Usage of such devices within real-life settings may help in improving the quality of CPR for patients receiving CPR.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - A M Noor Azhar
- University of Malaya Medical Centre, Department of Emergency Medicine, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - A Bustam
- University of Malaya Medical Centre, Department of Emergency Medicine, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - R Ahmad
- University of Malaya Medical Centre, Department of Emergency Medicine, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - M Munisamy
- Chulalongkorn University, College of Public Health Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand.
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38
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Veepanattu P, Singh S, Mendelson M, Nampoothiri V, Edathadatil F, Surendran S, Bonaconsa C, Mbamalu O, Ahuja S, Birgand G, Tarrant C, Sevdalis N, Ahmad R, Castro-Sanchez E, Holmes A, Charani E. Building resilient and responsive research collaborations to tackle antimicrobial resistance-Lessons learnt from India, South Africa, and UK. Int J Infect Dis 2020; 100:278-282. [PMID: 32860949 PMCID: PMC7449941 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.08.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Research, collaboration, and knowledge exchange are critical to global efforts to tackle antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Different healthcare economies are faced with different challenges in implementing effective strategies to address AMR. Building effective capacity for research to inform AMR-related strategies and policies is recognised as an important contributor to success. Interdisciplinary, intersector, as well as international collaborations are needed to span global to local efforts to tackle AMR. The development of reciprocal, long-term partnerships between collaborators in high-income and in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) needs to be built on principles of capacity building. Using case studies spanning local and international research collaborations to codesign, implement, and evaluate strategies to tackle AMR, we have evaluated and build upon the ESSENCE criteria for capacity building in LMICs. The first case study describes the local codesign and implementation of antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) in the state of Kerala in India. The second case study describes an international research collaboration investigating AMR surgical patient pathways in India, the UK, and South Africa. We describe the steps undertaken to develop robust, agile, and flexible AMS research and implementation teams. Notably, investing in capacity building ensured that the programmes described in these case studies were sustained through the current severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus pandemic. Describing the strategies adopted by a local and an international collaboration to tackle AMR, we provide a model for capacity building in LMICs that can support sustainable and agile AMS programmes.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Veepanattu
- Department of Infection Control and Epidemiology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham University, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - S Singh
- Department of Infection Control and Epidemiology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham University, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - M Mendelson
- Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine, Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - V Nampoothiri
- Department of Infection Control and Epidemiology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham University, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - F Edathadatil
- Department of Infection Control and Epidemiology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham University, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - S Surendran
- Department of Infection Control and Epidemiology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham University, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - C Bonaconsa
- Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine, Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - O Mbamalu
- Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine, Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - S Ahuja
- Centre for Implementation Science, Health Service and Population Research Department, King's College London, UK
| | - G Birgand
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit, Healthcare Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance, Imperial College London, UK
| | - C Tarrant
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, George Davies Centre, University Road, Leicester, UK
| | - N Sevdalis
- Centre for Implementation Science, Health Service and Population Research Department, King's College London, UK
| | - R Ahmad
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit, Healthcare Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance, Imperial College London, UK; Division of Health Sciences, City University, London, UK
| | - E Castro-Sanchez
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit, Healthcare Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance, Imperial College London, UK; Division of Health Sciences, City University, London, UK
| | - A Holmes
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit, Healthcare Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance, Imperial College London, UK
| | - E Charani
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit, Healthcare Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance, Imperial College London, UK.
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Charani E, Ahmad R, Rawson TM, Castro-Sanchèz E, Tarrant C, Holmes AH. The Differences in Antibiotic Decision-making Between Acute Surgical and Acute Medical Teams: An Ethnographic Study of Culture and Team Dynamics. Clin Infect Dis 2020; 69:12-20. [PMID: 30445453 PMCID: PMC6579961 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciy844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cultural and social determinants influence antibiotic decision-making in hospitals. We investigated and compared cultural determinants of antibiotic decision-making in acute medical and surgical specialties. METHODS An ethnographic observational study of antibiotic decision-making in acute medical and surgical teams at a London teaching hospital was conducted (August 2015-May 2017). Data collection included 500 hours of direct observations, and face-to-face interviews with 23 key informants. A grounded theory approach, aided by Nvivo 11 software, analyzed the emerging themes. An iterative and recursive process of analysis ensured saturation of the themes. The multiple modes of enquiry enabled cross-validation and triangulation of the findings. RESULTS In medicine, accepted norms of the decision-making process are characterized as collectivist (input from pharmacists, infectious disease, and medical microbiology teams), rationalized, and policy-informed, with emphasis on de-escalation of therapy. The gaps in antibiotic decision-making in acute medicine occur chiefly in the transition between the emergency department and inpatient teams, where ownership of the antibiotic prescription is lost. In surgery, team priorities are split between 3 settings: operating room, outpatient clinic, and ward. Senior surgeons are often absent from the ward, leaving junior staff to make complex medical decisions. This results in defensive antibiotic decision-making, leading to prolonged and inappropriate antibiotic use. CONCLUSIONS In medicine, the legacy of infection diagnosis made in the emergency department determines antibiotic decision-making. In surgery, antibiotic decision-making is perceived as a nonsurgical intervention that can be delegated to junior staff or other specialties. Different, bespoke approaches to optimize antibiotic prescribing are therefore needed to address these specific challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Charani
- Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare-Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance, National Institute for Health Research, Imperial College London
| | - R Ahmad
- Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare-Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance, National Institute for Health Research, Imperial College London
| | - T M Rawson
- Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare-Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance, National Institute for Health Research, Imperial College London
| | - E Castro-Sanchèz
- Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare-Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance, National Institute for Health Research, Imperial College London
| | - C Tarrant
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - A H Holmes
- Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare-Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance, National Institute for Health Research, Imperial College London
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Wani FA, Ahmad R, Patel R. Synthesis and Interfacial Properties of Novel Benzimidazolium Based Gemini Surfactants and Their Binding with Crocin. Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c02824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Farooq Ahmad Wani
- Biophysical Chemistry Laboratory, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi-110025, India
- Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi-110025, India
| | - Rabia Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi-110025, India
| | - Rajan Patel
- Biophysical Chemistry Laboratory, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi-110025, India
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Peiffer-Smadja N, Rawson TM, Ahmad R, Buchard A, Georgiou P, Lescure FX, Birgand G, Holmes AH. Corrigendum to 'machine learning for clinical decision support in infectious diseases: a narrative review of current applications' clinical microbiology and infection (2020) 584-595. Clin Microbiol Infect 2020; 26:1118. [PMID: 32450256 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2020.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N Peiffer-Smadja
- National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance, Imperial College London, London, UK; French Institute for Medical Research (Inserm), Infection Antimicrobials Modelling Evolution (IAME), UMR, 1137, University Paris Diderot, Paris, France.
| | - T M Rawson
- National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - R Ahmad
- National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - P Georgiou
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - F-X Lescure
- French Institute for Medical Research (Inserm), Infection Antimicrobials Modelling Evolution (IAME), UMR, 1137, University Paris Diderot, Paris, France; Infectious Diseases Department, Bichat-Claude Bernard Hospital, Assistance-Publique Hˆopitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - G Birgand
- National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - A H Holmes
- National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance, Imperial College London, London, UK
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Ahmed MA, Akram B, Ul Haq MA, Ahmad R, Ahmad M. The effect of gestational age on women's preference for quality goods. Niger J Clin Pract 2020; 23:503-509. [PMID: 32246657 DOI: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_40_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background It is a well-established fact that hormonal changes significantly influence the consumer behaviors and their purchase intentions. However, attention to the conspicuous buying due to the mood swings, as a result of hormonal changes, during the pregnancy have been largely ignored in the literature. Aims The current research aims to examine the prospective association of conspicuous purchase intentions with hormonal changes and mood swings during the pregnancy. Methods An experimental procedure was used to assess the data collected from pregnant women (n = 116) and the hypotheses were analyzed using recall probability and recall position measures. Results The hormonal changes during the pregnancy were analyzed in three stages known as pregnancy trimesters suggested by the relevant literature (Trimester-1 = 39, Trimister-2 = 36 and Trimester-3 = 41). The respondents were exposed to visual attention of specifically designed images with a unique combination of the status and functional products. The ROC values for Trimester 2 is higher in all 4 graphs (0.923, 0.960, 0.892, and 0.923) respectively than Trimester 1 and 3. Conclusion Findings revealed that the women purchase preferences shift as pregnancy move from one trimester to another. Women pay more attention to status products during the 2nd trimester as compared to 1st and 3rd trimesters of pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Ahmed
- Department of Management Sciences, University of Gujrat, Sialkot, Pakistan
| | - B Akram
- Department of Psychology, University of Gujrat, Sialkot, Pakistan
| | - M Anwar Ul Haq
- Department of Management Sciences, University of Gujrat, Sialkot, Pakistan
| | - R Ahmad
- Department of Gynecology, Sialkot Medical College, Sialkot, Pakistan
| | - M Ahmad
- Department of Management Sciences, University of Gujrat, Sialkot, Pakistan
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Abidemi A, Abd Aziz M, Ahmad R. Vaccination and vector control effect on dengue virus transmission dynamics: Modelling and simulation. Chaos, Solitons & Fractals 2020; 133:109648. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chaos.2020.109648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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Mohd Amin AT, Mokri SS, Ahmad R, Abd Rahni AA. Comparison of data-driven respiratory signal extraction methods from cone-beam CT (CBCT). J Phys : Conf Ser 2020; 1497:012004. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/1497/1/012004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
In Cone-Beam CT (CBCT) imaging, respiratory motion needs to be considered to mitigate motion artifacts thus increasing the accuracy of reconstructed images. Data driven methods can be used to extract respiratory signal directly from projection data without requiring any additional equipment or surrogate devices. Digital phantoms provide an adequate option to evaluate developing methods prior to clinical implementation. In this study, four data driven methods are used to extract respiratory signal from simulated projections. An in-house 4D MRI-based CBCT digital phantom is used, where actual respiratory signal is available as ground truth. In comparing all four data driven methods, the respiratory signal extracted using the Local Principal Component Analysis (LPCA) method is found to be robust and yielded the highest correlation coefficient of 0.8644 compared to the ground truth.
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Beardsworth SF, Ahmad R, Terry E, Karim K. IntraperitonealInsulin: A Protocol for Administration during CAPD and Review of Published Protocols. Perit Dial Int 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/089686088800800208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
For many diabetics in end-stage renal failure, the initial therapy they receive will be continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) together with i.p. insulin. To date, all published protocols rely on empirical dosages based upon predialysis insulin requirements. A practical regimen for the institution of i.p. insulin administration during CAPD is described. The only endpoints used to determine insulin dosage were fasting plasma glucose 5 to 10 mmol/L and 2 h postprandial plasma glucose 8 to 15 mmol/L. An initial protocol related to body weight, dextrose content, volume, and timing of dialysate was based on a retrospective analysis of the results in our first 10 patients. Subsequently, a prospective assessment in an additional 22 patients confirmed the effectiveness of the regimen. The following protocol is recommended for the institution of i.p. insulin therapy in patients undergoing CAPD: Preprandial exchanges 1.36% dextrose-0.175 U/L dialysate/kg body weight 3.86% dextrose-0.25 U/L/kg Overnight exchanges 1.36% dextrose-0.1 U/L/kg 3.86% dextrose-0.15 U/L/kg Further adjustment of insulin dosage is then made on the basis of four hourly plasma glucose profiles. Self-monitoring of capillary blood glucose is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - R. Ahmad
- Renal Unit, Sefton General Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - E. Terry
- Renal Unit, Sefton General Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - K. Karim
- Renal Unit, Sefton General Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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Affiliation(s)
| | - B. Parys
- MRAKR Research Fellow in Urology
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Affiliation(s)
- B.K. Pandya
- Regional Renal Unit Royal Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Trust Prescott Street Liverpool L7 8XP United Kingdom
| | - L. Marshall
- Regional Renal Unit Royal Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Trust Prescott Street Liverpool L7 8XP United Kingdom
| | - R. Ahmad
- Regional Renal Unit Royal Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Trust Prescott Street Liverpool L7 8XP United Kingdom
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Lim O, Yeoh B, Omar N, Mohamed M, Zin A, Ahmad R. Stingless Bee Propolis Alleviates Diabetic Cardiomyopathy: Antioxidative Modulation Through esRAGE-AGE Interaction. Int J Cardiol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2019.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Lim O, Yeoh B, Omar N, Mohamed M, Zin A, Ahmad R. Combination of Stingless Bee Propolis and Metformin Prevented Diabetic-induced Cardiac Hypertrophy by Reducing Lipid Peroxidation: An Interplay Between AGE and esRAGE in Heart and Plasma. Int J Cardiol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2019.11.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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