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Linz W, Thigpen JT, Strauss RG. Francis S. Morrison MD-Tribute to an apheresis leader. J Clin Apher 2023; 38:641-643. [PMID: 37559507 DOI: 10.1002/jca.22075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Francis S. Morrison MD was among the early developers and promoters of the American Society for Apheresis (ASFA). His work was pivotal in creating a lasting institutional structure from which American apheresis medical practice would develop decades after his death. Francis Morrison is honored each year at the ASFA annual meeting as ASFA awards the Francis S. Morrison MD Memorial Award Lecture to an individual who stands out as among its most accomplished members. This tribute seeks to describe the person and the key accomplishments of Francis S. Morrison in the historical context of a time when the future of apheresis medicine was uncertain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walter Linz
- Oklahoma Blood Institute/Our Blood Institute, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - James T Thigpen
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Mississippi, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
| | - Ronald G Strauss
- Departments of Pathology & Pediatrics, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
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2
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Strauss RG. Commentary on White blood cell transfusions for control of infections in neutropenic patients by Vallejos C. (Transfusion 1975; 15(1):28-33). Transfusion 2022; 62:731-739. [PMID: 35383953 DOI: 10.1111/trf.16859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ronald G Strauss
- Departments of Pathology and Pediatrics, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
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3
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Mock DM, Stowell SR, Franco RS, Kyosseva SV, Nalbant D, Schmidt RL, Cress GA, Strauss RG, Cancelas JA, von Goetz M, North AK, Widness JA. Antibodies against biotin-labeled red blood cells can shorten posttransfusion survival. Transfusion 2022; 62:770-782. [PMID: 35274303 DOI: 10.1111/trf.16849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In hematologic and transfusion medicine research, measurement of red blood cell (RBC) in vivo kinetics must be safe and accurate. Recent reports indicate use of biotin-labeled RBC (BioRBC) to determine red cell survival (RCS) offers substantial advantages over 51 Cr and other labeling methods. Occasional induction of BioRBC antibodies has been reported. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS To investigate the causes and consequences of BioRBC immunization, we reexposed three previously immunized adults to BioRBC and evaluated the safety, antibody emergence, and RCS of BioRBC. RESULTS BioRBC re-exposure caused an anamnestic increase of plasma BioRBC antibodies at 5-7 days; all were subclass IgG1 and neutralized by biotinylated albumin, thus indicating structural specificity for the biotin epitope. Concurrently, specific antibody binding to BioRBC was observed in each subject. As biotin label density increased, the proportion of BioRBC that bound increased antibody also increased; the latter was associated with proportional accelerated removal of BioRBC labeled at density 6 μg/mL. In contrast, only one of three subjects exhibited accelerated removal of BioRBC density 2 μg/mL. No adverse clinical or laboratory events were observed. Among three control subjects who did not develop BioRBC antibodies following initial BioRBC exposure, re-exposure induced neither antibody emergence nor accelerated BioRBC removal. DISCUSSION We conclude re-exposure of immunized subjects to BioRBC can induce anamnestic antibody response that can cause an underestimation of RCS. To minimize chances of antibody induction and underestimation of RCS, we recommend an initial BioRBC exposure volume of ≤10 mL and label densities of ≤18 μg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald M Mock
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and the Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Sean R Stowell
- Center for Transfusion and Cellular Therapies, Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Robert S Franco
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Svetlana V Kyosseva
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and the Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Demet Nalbant
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Iowa College of Pharmacy, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Robert L Schmidt
- Stead Family Department of Pediatrics, The University of Iowa, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Gretchen A Cress
- Stead Family Department of Pediatrics, The University of Iowa, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Ronald G Strauss
- Stead Family Department of Pediatrics, The University of Iowa, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.,Department of Pathology, The University of Iowa, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - José A Cancelas
- Hoxworth Blood Center and Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | | | | | - John A Widness
- Stead Family Department of Pediatrics, The University of Iowa, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
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4
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Price TH, McCullough J, Strauss RG, Ness PM, Hamza TH, Harrison RW, Assmann SF. Response to "Be alert to leukocyte antibodies when prescribing granulocyte transfusions". Transfusion 2019; 59:2174-2175. [PMID: 31161668 DOI: 10.1111/trf.15258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas H Price
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.,Bloodworks Northwest, Seattle, Washington
| | - Jeffrey McCullough
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Ronald G Strauss
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa Hospital, Iowa City, Iowa.,LifeSource/ITxM, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Paul M Ness
- Department of Pathology, Division of Transfusion Medicine, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Taye H Hamza
- New England Research Institutes, Watertown, Massachusetts
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Strauss RG. Therapeutic granulocyte transfusions: neutropenic patients with acute leukemia continue to need them — why are definitive evidence‐based practice guidelines elusive? Transfusion 2019; 59:6-8. [DOI: 10.1111/trf.15025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ronald G. Strauss
- Medical Director, LifeSource/Institute for Transfusion Medicine/Vitalant‐Illinois. Professor Emeritus of Pathology & PediatricsCollege of Medicine, University of Iowa Chicago Illinois
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Mock DM, Nalbant D, Kyosseva SV, Schmidt RL, An G, Matthews NI, Vlaar APJ, van Bruggen R, de Korte D, Strauss RG, Cancelas JA, Franco RS, Veng-Pedersen P, Widness JA. Development, validation, and potential applications of biotinylated red blood cells for posttransfusion kinetics and other physiological studies: evidenced-based analysis and recommendations. Transfusion 2018; 58:2068-2081. [PMID: 29770455 DOI: 10.1111/trf.14647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Revised: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The current reference method in the United States for measuring in vivo population red blood cell (RBC) kinetics utilizes chromium-51 (51 Cr) RBC labeling for determining RBC volume, 24-hour posttransfusion RBC recovery, and long-term RBC survival. Here we provide evidence supporting adoption of a method for kinetics that uses the biotin-labeled RBCs (BioRBCs) as a superior, versatile method for both regulatory and investigational purposes. RBC kinetic analysis using BioRBCs has important methodologic, analytical, and safety advantages over 51 Cr-labeled RBCs. We critically review recent advances in labeling human RBCs at multiple and progressively lower biotin label densities for concurrent, accurate, and sensitive determination of both autologous and allogeneic RBC population kinetics. BioRBC methods valid for RBC kinetic studies, including successful variations used by the authors, are presented along with pharmacokinetic modeling approaches for the accurate determination of RBC pharmacokinetic variables in health and disease. The advantages and limitations of the BioRBC method-including its capability of determining multiple BioRBC densities simultaneously in the same individual throughout the entire RBC life span-are presented and compared with the 51 Cr method. Finally, potential applications and limitations of kinetic BioRBC determinations are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald M Mock
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and the Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Demet Nalbant
- Stead Family Department of Pediatrics, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Svetlana V Kyosseva
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and the Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Robert L Schmidt
- Stead Family Department of Pediatrics, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Guohua An
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Iowa College of Pharmacy, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Nell I Matthews
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and the Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Alexander P J Vlaar
- Laboratory of Experimental Intensive Care and Anesthesia, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Intensive Care, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Robin van Bruggen
- Sanquin Blood Supply, Department of Blood Cell Research, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Dirk de Korte
- Sanquin Blood Supply, Department of Blood Cell Research, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ronald G Strauss
- Stead Family Department of Pediatrics, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa.,Department of Pathology, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - José A Cancelas
- Hoxworth Blood Center and Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Robert S Franco
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Peter Veng-Pedersen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Iowa College of Pharmacy, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - John A Widness
- Stead Family Department of Pediatrics, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
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Campbell-Lee SA, Gvozdjan K, Choi KM, Chen YF, Saraf SL, Hsu LL, Gordeuk VR, Strauss RG, Triulzi DJ. Red blood cell alloimmunization in sickle cell disease: assessment of transfusion protocols during two time periods. Transfusion 2018; 58:1588-1596. [PMID: 29570817 DOI: 10.1111/trf.14588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Revised: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prevention of red blood cell (RBC) alloimmunization in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) focuses on phenotypic RBC matching. We assessed alloimmunization among transfused patients with SCD after implementing leukoreduction and prophylactic antigen matching (PAM). STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Retrospective review of transfusion and medical records for SCD patients 18 months to 81 years of age was performed covering two 5-year periods: Period 1, no PAM, occasional leukoreduction, and Period 2, consistent leukoreduction and extended PAM (Rh, Kell, S, Fy, Jk) for patients already alloimmunized. Patients transfused in Period 1 were excluded from Period 2. RESULTS A total of 293 patients were transfused in Period 1 and 183 in Period 2. Median time between first sample and last type and screen after transfusion was 2.12 years in Period 1 and 1.03 years in Period 2. Initial alloimmunization prevalence was lower in Period 2 (26.2%) versus Period 1 (37.5%) and after subsequent transfusions in Period 2 (23.8%) versus Period 1 (45.7%), although without significant difference after adjusting for number of units transfused, percentage of leukoreduced RBCs, sex, and age. Alloimmunized patients received more nonleukoreduced RBCs in Period 1 than nonalloimmunized. Patients transfused during inflammatory conditions were not significantly more likely to become alloimmunized. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of initial and subsequent RBC alloimmunization in Period 2 was lower than that in Period 1; however, overall prevalence remained high. We recommend leukoreduced, hemoglobin S-negative Rh and Kell PAM RBCs for transfusion of patients with SCD. Component and recipient factors affecting alloimmunization should be studied further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally A Campbell-Lee
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, Chicago, IL.,Sickle Cell Center, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, Chicago, IL.,The Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Kristina Gvozdjan
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - K Mia Choi
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Yi-Fan Chen
- Center for Clinical and Translational Science, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Santosh L Saraf
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, Chicago, IL.,Sickle Cell Center, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Lewis L Hsu
- Sickle Cell Center, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, Chicago, IL.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Victor R Gordeuk
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, Chicago, IL.,Sickle Cell Center, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Ronald G Strauss
- The Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Chicago, Illinois.,The Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Darrell J Triulzi
- The Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Chicago, Illinois.,The Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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8
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Strauss RG, Storry JR. More data needed to establish maternal breast milk IgG as cause for anti-D hemolytic disease of fetus and newborn. Transfusion 2018. [PMID: 29528155 DOI: 10.1111/trf.14446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ronald G Strauss
- Pathology & Pediatrics, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA.,LifeSource/ITxM/BSI, Rosemont, IL
| | - Jill R Storry
- Division of Hematology & Transfusion Medicine, Immunohematology, Clinical Immunology & Transfusion Medicine, Office of Medical Services, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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Price TH, McCullough J, Strauss RG, Ness PM, Hamza TH, Harrison RW, Assmann SF. WBC alloimmunization: effects on the laboratory and clinical endpoints of therapeutic granulocyte transfusions. Transfusion 2018; 58:1280-1288. [DOI: 10.1111/trf.14551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Revised: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas H. Price
- Department of Medicine; University of Washington
- Bloodworks Northwest; Seattle Washington
| | - Jeffrey McCullough
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology; University of Minnesota; Minneapolis Minnesota
| | - Ronald G. Strauss
- Department of Pathology; University of Iowa Hospital; Iowa City Iowa
- LifeSource/ITxM; Chicago Illinois
| | - Paul M. Ness
- Department of Pathology, Division of Transfusion Medicine; Johns Hopkins Hospital; Baltimore Maryland
| | - Taye H. Hamza
- New England Research Institutes; Watertown Massachusetts
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10
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Strauss RG. Principles of Neutrophil (Granulocyte) Transfusions. Hematology 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-35762-3.00114-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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Abdel-Wahab O, Abrahm JL, Adams S, Adewoye AH, Allen C, Ambinder RF, Anasetti C, Anastasi J, Anderson JA, Antin JH, Antony AC, Araten DJ, Armand P, Armstrong G, Armstrong SA, Arnold DM, Artz AS, Awan FT, Baglin TP, Benson DM, Benz EJ, Berliner N, Bhagat G, Bhardwaj N, Bhatia R, Bhatia S, Bhatt MD, Bhatt VR, Bitan M, Blinderman CD, Bollard CM, Braun BS, Brenner MK, Brittenham GM, Brodsky RA, Brown M, Broxmeyer HE, Brummel-Ziedins K, Brunner AM, Buadi FK, Burkhardt B, Burns M, Byrd JC, Caimi PF, Caligiuri MA, Canavan M, Cantor AB, Carcao M, Carroll MC, Carty SA, Castillo JJ, Chan AK, Chapin J, Chiu A, Chute JP, Clark DB, Coates TD, Cogle CR, Connell NT, Cooke E, Cooley S, Corradini P, Creager MA, Creger RJ, Cromwell C, Crowther MA, Cushing MM, Cutler C, Dang CV, Danial NN, Dave SS, DeCaprio JA, Dinauer MC, Dinner S, Diz-Küçükkaya R, Dodd RY, Donato ML, Dorshkind K, Dotti G, Dror Y, Dunleavy K, Dvorak CC, Ebert BL, Eck MJ, Eikelboom JW, Epperla N, Ershler WB, Evans WE, Faderl S, Ferrara JL, Filipovich AH, Fischer M, Fredenburgh JC, Friedman KD, Fuchs E, Fuller SJ, Gailani D, Galipeau J, Gallagher PG, Ganapathi KA, Gardner LB, Gee AP, Gerson SL, Gertz MA, Giardina PJ, Gibson CJ, Golan K, Golub TR, Gonzales MJ, Gotlib J, Gottschalk S, Grant MA, Graubert TA, Gregg XT, Gribben JG, Gross DM, Gruber TA, Guitart J, Gurbuxani S, Gur-Cohen S, Gutierrez A, Hamadani M, Hari PN, Hartwig JH, Hayman SR, Hayward CP, Hebbel RP, Heslop HE, Hillis C, Hillyer CD, Ho K, Hockenbery DM, Hoffman R, Hogg KE, Holtan SG, Horny HP, Hsu YMS, Hunter ZR, Huntington JA, Iancu-Rubin C, Iqbal A, Isenman DE, Israels SJ, Italiano JE, Jaffe ES, Jaffer IH, Jagannath S, Jäger U, Jain N, James P, Jeha S, Jordan MB, Josephson CD, Jung M, Kager L, Kambayashi T, Kanakry JA, Kantarjian HM, Kaplan J, Karafin MS, Karsan A, Kaufman RJ, Kaufman RM, Keller FG, Kelly KM, Kessler CM, Key NS, Keyzner A, Khandoga AG, Khanna-Gupta A, Khatib-Massalha E, Klein HG, Knoechel B, Kollet O, Konkle BA, Kontoyiannis DP, Koreth J, Koretzky GA, Kotecha D, Kremyanskaya M, Kumari A, Kuzel TM, Küppers R, Lacy MQ, Ladas E, Landier W, Lapid K, Lapidot T, Larson PJ, Levi M, Lewis RE, Liebman HA, Lillicrap D, Lim W, Lin JC, Lindblad R, Lip GY, Little JA, Lohr JG, López JA, Luscinskas FW, Maciejewski JP, Majhail NS, Manches O, Mandle RJ, Mann KG, Manno CS, Marcogliese AN, Mariani G, Marincola FM, Mascarenhas J, Massberg S, McEver RP, McGrath E, McKinney MS, Mehta RS, Mentzer WC, Merlini G, Merryman R, Michel M, Migliaccio AR, Miller JS, Mims MP, Mondoro TH, Moorehead P, Muniz LR, Munshi NC, Najfeld V, Nayak L, Nazy I, Neff AT, Ness PM, Notarangelo LD, O'Brien SH, O'Connor OA, O'Donnell M, Olson A, Orkin SH, Pai M, Pai SY, Paidas M, Panch SR, Pande RL, Papayannopoulou T, Parikh R, Petersdorf EW, Peterson SE, Pittaluga S, Ponce DM, Popolo L, Prchal JT, Pui CH, Puigserver P, Rak J, Ramos CA, Rand JH, Rand ML, Rao DS, Ravandi F, Rawlings DJ, Reddy P, Reding MT, Reiter A, Rice L, Riese MJ, Ritchey AK, Roberts DJ, Roman E, Rooney CM, Rosen ST, Rosenthal DS, Rossmann MP, Rot A, Rowley SD, Rubnitz JE, Rydz N, Salama ME, Sauk S, Saunthararajah Y, Savage W, Scadden D, Schaefer KG, Schiffman F, Schneidewend R, Schrier SL, Schuchman EH, Scullion BF, Selvaggi KJ, Senoo K, Shaheen M, Shaz BH, Shelburne SA, Shpall EJ, Shurin SB, Siegal D, Silberstein LE, Silberstein L, Silverstein RL, Sloan SR, Smith FO, Smith JW, Smith K, Steensma DP, Steinberg MH, Stock W, Storry JR, Stramer SL, Strauss RG, Stroncek DF, Taylor J, Thota S, Treon SP, Tulpule A, Valdes RF, Valent P, Vedantham S, Vercellotti GM, Verneris MR, Vichinsky EP, von Andrian UH, Vose JM, Wagner AJ, Wang E, Wang JH, Warkentin TE, Wasserstein MP, Webster A, Weisdorf DJ, Weitz JI, Westhoff CM, Wheeler AP, Widick P, Wiley JS, William BM, Williams DA, Wilson WH, Wolfe J, Wolgast LR, Wood D, Wu J, Yahalom J, Yee DL, Younes A, Young NS, Zeller MP. Contributors. Hematology 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-35762-3.00168-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Gehrie EA, Roubinian NH, Chowdhury D, Brambilla DJ, Murphy EL, Gottschall JL, Wu Y, Ness PM, Strauss RG, Hendrickson JE. A multicentre study investigating vital sign changes occurring in complicated and uncomplicated transfusions. Vox Sang 2017; 113:160-169. [PMID: 29277907 DOI: 10.1111/vox.12621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Revised: 09/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Many hospitals require transfusions to be discontinued when vital signs stray from predetermined ranges, regardless of clinical symptoms. Variations in vital signs may be unrelated to transfusion, however, and needlessly stopping a transfusion may delay medical care while increasing donor exposures and healthcare costs. We hypothesized that a detailed study of vital sign changes associated with transfusion of blood product by component, including those associated with potential reactions (complicated) and those deemed to be uncomplicated, would establish a useful framework of reference for treating clinicians and transfusion services alike. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective electronic record review of transfusion service and transfusion recipient data was completed on 3852 inpatient transfusion episodes over a 6-month period at four academic tertiary care hospitals across the United States. Vital signs pre- and post-transfusion were recorded by trained clinical research nurses. Serious reactions were adjudicated by a panel of transfusion medicine experts. RESULTS In both uncomplicated transfusions (n = 3765) and those including an adverse reaction (n = 87), vital sign fluctuations were generally modest. Compared to uncomplicated transfusions, transfusions complicated by febrile reactions were associated with higher pretransfusion temperature and higher pretransfusion pulse rates. Episodes of transfusion circulatory overload were associated with higher pretransfusion respiration rates compared to uncomplicated transfusions. CONCLUSION Most transfusions are associated with only modest changes in vital signs. Pretransfusion vital signs may be an important yet previously understudied predictor of vital sign changes during transfusion. The optimal role of vital sign assessment during blood transfusion deserves further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- E A Gehrie
- Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - N H Roubinian
- University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Blood Systems Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | | | - E L Murphy
- University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Blood Systems Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - J L Gottschall
- Blood Center of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.,Department of Pathology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Y Wu
- Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.,Bloodworks Northwest, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - P M Ness
- Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - R G Strauss
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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13
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Nalbant D, Cancelas JA, Mock DM, Kyosseva SV, Schmidt RL, Cress GA, Zimmerman MB, Strauss RG, Widness JA. In premature infants there is no decrease in 24-hour posttransfusion allogeneic red blood cell recovery after 42 days of storage. Transfusion 2017; 58:352-358. [PMID: 29193118 DOI: 10.1111/trf.14396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Revised: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Critically ill preterm very-low-birthweight (VLBW) neonates (birthweight ≤ 1.5 kg) frequently develop anemia that is treated with red blood cell (RBC) transfusions. Although RBCs transfused to adults demonstrate progressive decreases in posttransfusion 24-hour RBC recovery (PTR24 ) during storage-to a mean of approximately 85% of the Food and Drug Administration-allowed 42-day storage-limited data in infants indicate no decrease in PTR24 with storage. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS We hypothesized that PTR24 of allogeneic RBCs transfused to anemic VLBW newborns: 1) will be greater than PTR24 of autologous RBCs transfused into healthy adults and 2) will not decrease with increasing storage duration. RBCs were stored at 4°C for not more than 42 days in AS-3 or AS-5. PTR24 was determined in 46 VLBW neonates using biotin-labeled RBCs and in 76 healthy adults using 51 Cr-labeled RBCs. Linear mixed-model analysis was used to estimate slopes and intercepts of PTR24 versus duration of RBC storage. RESULTS For VLBW newborns, the estimated slope of PTR24 versus storage did not decrease with the duration of storage (p = 0.18) while for adults it did (p < 0.0001). These estimated slopes differed significantly in adults compared to newborns (p = 0.04). At the allowed 42-day storage limit, projected mean neonatal PTR24 was 95.9%; for adults, it was 83.8% (p = 0.0002). CONCLUSIONS These data provide evidence that storage duration of allogeneic RBCs intended for neonates can be increased without affecting PTR24 . This conclusion supports the practice of transfusing RBCs stored up to 42 days for small-volume neonatal transfusions to limit donor exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - José A Cancelas
- Hoxworth Blood Center and Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Donald M Mock
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Svetlana V Kyosseva
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | | | | | - M Bridget Zimmerman
- College of Public Health Department of Biostatistics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
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Kuter DJ, Konkle BA, Hamza TH, Uhl L, Assmann SF, Kiss JE, Kaufman RM, Key NS, Sachais BS, Hess JR, Ness P, McCrae KR, Leissinger C, Strauss RG, McFarland JG, Neufeld E, Bussel JB, Ortel TL. Clinical outcomes in a cohort of patients with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Am J Hematol 2017; 92:730-738. [PMID: 28388835 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.24759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is a thrombotic disorder usually prompting treatment with non-heparin anticoagulants. The benefits and risks of such treatments have not been fully assessed. METHODS We analyzed data for 442 patients having a positive heparin-platelet factor 4 antibody test and recent heparin exposure. The primary outcome was a composite endpoint (death, limb amputation/gangrene, or new thrombosis). Secondary outcomes included bleeding and the effect of anticoagulation. FINDINGS Seventy-one patients (16%) had HIT with thrombosis (HIT-T); 284 (64%) had HIT without thrombosis (isolated HIT); 87 (20%) did not have HIT. An intermediate or high "4T" score was found in 85%, 58%, and 8% of the three respective groups. Non-heparin anticoagulation was begun in 80%, 56%, and 45%. The composite endpoint occurred in 48%, 36%, and 17% (P = .01) of which 61%, 38%, and 40% were receiving non-heparin anticoagulation. Compared with the no HIT group, the composite endpoint was significantly more likely in HIT-T [HR 2.48 (1.35-4.55), P = .003)] and marginally more likely in isolated HIT [HR 1.66 (0.96-2.85), P = .071]. Importantly, risk increased (HR 1.77, P = .02) after platelet transfusion. Major bleeding occurred in 48%, 36%, and 16% of the three groups (P = .005). Non-heparin anticoagulation was not associated with a reduction in composite endpoint events in either HIT group. INTERPRETATION HIT patients have high risks of death, limb amputation/gangrene, thrombosis, and bleeding. Non-heparin anticoagulant treatment may not benefit all patients and should be considered only after careful assessment of the relative risks of thrombosis and bleeding in individual patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J. Kuter
- Massachusetts General Hospital; Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - Barbara A. Konkle
- Puget Sound Blood Center and University of Washington Medical Center; Seattle Washington USA
| | - Taye H. Hamza
- New England Research Institutes; Watertown Massachusetts USA
| | - Lynne Uhl
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center; Boston Massachusetts USA
| | | | | | | | - Nigel S. Key
- University of North Carolina; Chapel Hill North Carolina USA
| | | | | | - Paul Ness
- Johns Hopkins University; Baltimore Maryland USA
| | | | - Cindy Leissinger
- Tulane University Hospital and Clinics; New Orleans Louisiana USA
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15
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Schmidt RL, Mock DM, Franco RS, Cohen RM, North AK, Cancelas JA, Geisen C, Strauss RG, Vlaar AP, Nalbant D, Widness JA. Antibodies to biotinylated red blood cells in adults and infants: improved detection, partial characterization, and dependence on red blood cell-biotin dose. Transfusion 2017; 57:1488-1496. [PMID: 28261808 DOI: 10.1111/trf.14075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Revised: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biotin-labeled red blood cells (BioRBCs) are used for in vivo kinetic studies. Because BioRBC dosing occasionally induces antibodies, a sensitive and specific anti-BioRBC detection assay is needed. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Aims were to 1) develop a gel card assay to evaluate existing, naturally occurring and BioRBC-induced plasma antibodies, 2) compare gel card and tube agglutination detection results, and 3) test for a relationship of antibody induction and BioRBC dose. Reagent BioRBCs were prepared using sulfo-NHS biotin ranging from densities 18 (BioRBC-18) to 1458 (BioRBC-1458) µg/mL RBCs. RESULTS Among BioRBC-exposed subjects, gel card and tube agglutination results were concordant in 21 of 22 adults and all 19 infant plasma samples. Gel card antibody detection sensitivity was more than 10-fold greater than tube agglutination. Twelve to 16 weeks after BioRBC exposure, induced anti-antibodies were detected by gel card in three of 26 adults (12%) at reagent densities BioRBC-256 or less, but in none of 41 infants. Importantly, induced anti-BioRBC antibodies were associated with higher BioRBC dose (p = 0.008); no antibodies were detected in 18 subjects who received BioRBC doses less than or equal to BioRBC-18. For noninduced BioRBC antibodies, six of 1125 naïve adults (0.3%) and none of 46 naïve infants demonstrated existing anti-BioRBC antibodies using reagent BioRBC-140 or -162. Existing anti-BioRBCs were all neutralized by biotin compounds, while induced antibodies were not. CONCLUSIONS The gel card assay is more sensitive than the tube agglutination assay. We recommend reagent BioRBC-256 for identifying anti-BioRBCs. Use of a low total RBC biotin label dose (≤ BioRBC-18) may minimize antibody induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert L Schmidt
- Department of Pediatrics, Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Donald M Mock
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas.,Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Robert S Franco
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine
| | - Robert M Cohen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine and Medical Service, Cincinnati VA Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | | | - José A Cancelas
- Hoxworth Blood Center and the Department of Pediatrics, The University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Christof Geisen
- Institut für Transfusionsmedizin und Immunhämatologie, Klinikum der Goethe Universität, Frankfurt am Main, DRK-Blutspendedienst, Baden-Württemberg-Hessen, Germany
| | - Ronald G Strauss
- Department of Pediatrics, Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa.,Department of Pathology, Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Alexander P Vlaar
- Department of Intensive Care and Laboratory of Experimental Intensive Care and Anesthesia, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Demet Nalbant
- Department of Pediatrics, Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - John A Widness
- Department of Pediatrics, Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa
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Strauss RG. Optimal prevention of transfusion-transmitted cytomegalovirus (TTCMV) infection by modern leukocyte reduction alone: CMV sero/antibody-negative donors needed only for leukocyte products. Transfusion 2016; 56:1921-4. [DOI: 10.1111/trf.13683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ronald G Strauss
- Professor Emeritus of Pathology & Pediatrics; University of Iowa College of Medicine; Iowa City IA
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17
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Hendrickson JE, Roubinian NH, Chowdhury D, Brambilla D, Murphy EL, Wu Y, Ness PM, Gehrie EA, Snyder EL, George Hauser R, Gottschall JL, Kleinman S, Kakaiya R, Strauss RG. Incidence of transfusion reactions: a multicenter study utilizing systematic active surveillance and expert adjudication. Transfusion 2016; 56:2587-2596. [PMID: 27460200 DOI: 10.1111/trf.13730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2016] [Revised: 05/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prevalence estimates of the serious hazards of transfusion vary widely. We hypothesized that the current reporting infrastructure in the United States fails to capture many transfusion reactions and undertook a multicenter study using active surveillance, data review, and adjudication to test this hypothesis. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS A retrospective record review was completed for a random sample of 17% of all inpatient transfusion episodes over 6 months at four academic tertiary care hospitals, with an episode defined as all blood products released to a patient in 6 hours. Data were recorded by trained clinical research nurses, and serious reactions were adjudicated by a panel of transfusion medicine experts. RESULTS Of 4857 transfusion episodes investigated, 1.1% were associated with a serious reaction. Transfusion-associated circulatory overload was the most frequent serious reaction noted, being identified in 1% of transfusion episodes. Despite clinical notes describing a potential transfusion association in 59% of these cases, only 5.1% were reported to the transfusion service. Suspected transfusion-related acute lung injury/possible transfusion-related acute lung injury, anaphylactic, and hypotensive reactions were noted in 0.08, 0.02, and 0.02% of transfusion episodes, respectively. Minor reactions, including febrile nonhemolytic and allergic, were noted in 0.62 and 0.29% of transfusion episodes, respectively, with 30 and 50% reported to the transfusion service. CONCLUSION Underreporting of cardiopulmonary transfusion reactions is striking among academic, tertiary care hospitals. Complete and accurate reporting is essential to identify, define, establish pathogenesis, and mitigate/treat transfusion reactions. A better understanding of the failure to report may improve the accuracy of passive reporting systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeanne E Hendrickson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT. .,Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.
| | - Nareg H Roubinian
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA.,Blood Systems Research Institute, San Francisco, California
| | | | | | - Edward L Murphy
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA.,Blood Systems Research Institute, San Francisco, California
| | - Yanyun Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.,Bloodworks Northwest, Seattle, Washington
| | - Paul M Ness
- Division of Transfusion Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Eric A Gehrie
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Edward L Snyder
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - R George Hauser
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Jerome L Gottschall
- Blood Center of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI.,Department of Pathology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Steve Kleinman
- Center for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - Ronald G Strauss
- The Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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Bale JF, Kealey GP, Massanari RM, Strauss RG. The Epidemiology of Cytomegalovirus Infection Among Patients with Burns. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2016. [DOI: 10.2307/30144251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
AbstractTo determine the epidemiology of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections among patients with burns, we prospectively studied 120 burn patients admitted to the University of Iowa Burn Center over a two-and-one-half year period. At the time of their admission, 44% of the patients had serologic evidence of prior CMV infection. Among 44 seropositive patients, 23 (52%) had four-fold or greater rises in CMV antibody titers. These patients had more severe burns (mean body surface area burn [BSAB] 26.8%) than those who did not exhibit titer rises (mean BSAB 16.2%, p=.04). Among 43 seronegative patients observed for at least 65 days after discharge from the center, eight (18.6%) seroconverted. Patients who seroconverted had longer hospital stays (p=.03), trends toward more severe burns p = .08) and a younger age (p = .15) than patients who remained seronegative. Despite frequent serologic evidence of CMV infection, CMV did not contribute, either directly or indirectly, to the morbidity or mortality of burns in these patients.
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19
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Affiliation(s)
- R G Strauss
- Department of Pathology and Pediatrics, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City
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20
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Kaufman RM, Assmann SF, Triulzi DJ, Strauss RG, Ness P, Granger S, Slichter SJ. Transfusion-related adverse events in the Platelet Dose study. Transfusion 2015; 55:144-53. [PMID: 25065959 PMCID: PMC4293226 DOI: 10.1111/trf.12791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2013] [Revised: 05/08/2014] [Accepted: 05/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND How platelet (PLT) product characteristics such as dose, source (whole blood derived [WBD] vs. apheresis), storage duration, and ABO matching status affect the risks of transfusion-related adverse events (TRAEs) is unclear. Similarly, more information is needed to define how recipient characteristics affect the frequency of TRAEs after PLT transfusion. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS In the multicenter Platelet Dose ("PLADO") study, pediatric and adult hematology-oncology patients with hypoproliferative thrombocytopenia were randomized to receive low-dose (LD), medium-dose (MD), or high-dose (HD) PLT prophylaxis for a pretransfusion PLT count of not more than 10 × 10(9) /L. All PLT units (apheresis or WBD) were leukoreduced. Post hoc analyses of PLADO data were performed using multipredictor models. RESULTS A total of 5034 PLT transfusions to 1102 patients were analyzed. A TRAE occurred with 501 PLT transfusions (10.0%). The most common TRAEs were fever (6.6% of transfusions), allergic or hypersensitivity reactions (1.9%), and sinus tachycardia (1.8%). Patients assigned HD PLTs were more likely than LD or MD patients to experience any TRAE (odds ratio for HD vs. MD, 1.50; 95% confidence interval, 1.10-2.05; three-group comparison p = 0.02). PLT source and ABO matching status were not significantly related to overall TRAE risk. Compared to a patient's first PLT transfusion, subsequent PLT transfusions were less likely to have a TRAE reported, primarily due to a lower risk of allergic or hypersensitivity reactions. CONCLUSION The most important PLT unit characteristic associated with TRAEs was PLT dose per transfusion. HD PLTs may increase the risk of TRAEs, and LD PLTs may reduce the risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald G Strauss
- University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA; Associate Medical Director, LifeSource/ITxM Blood Center, Chicago, IL.
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22
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Panzer S, Engelbrecht S, Cole-Sinclair MF, Wood EM, Wendel S, Biagini S, Zhu Z, Lefrère JJ, Andreu G, Zunino T, Cabaud JJ, Rouger P, Garraud O, Janetzko K, Müller-Steinhardt M, van der Burg P, Brand A, Agarwal P, Triyono T, Gharehbaghian A, Manny N, Zelig O, Takeshita A, Yonemura Y, Fujihara H, Nollet KE, Ohto H, Han KS, Nadarajan VS, Berlin G, Sandler SG, Strauss RG, Reesink HW. Education in transfusion medicine for medical students and doctors. Vox Sang 2013; 104:250-72. [PMID: 23409732 DOI: 10.1111/j.1423-0410.2012.1661.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Panzer
- Department for Blood Group Serology and Transfusion MedicineMedical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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23
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Mock DM, Widness JA, Strauss RG, Franco RS. Posttransfusion red blood cell (RBC) survival determined using biotin-labeled RBCs has distinct advantages over labeling with (51) Cr. Transfusion 2012; 52:1596-8. [PMID: 22780899 DOI: 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2012.03588.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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24
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Strauss RG. Role of granulocyte/neutrophil transfusions for haematology/oncology patients in the modern era. Br J Haematol 2012; 158:299-306. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2012.09190.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2012] [Accepted: 05/02/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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25
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Mock DM, Lankford GL, Matthews NI, Burmeister LF, Kahn D, Widness JA, Strauss RG. Accelerated removal of antibody-coated red blood cells from the circulation is accurately tracked by a biotin label. Transfusion 2012; 52:1097-105. [PMID: 22023312 PMCID: PMC3563262 DOI: 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2011.03397.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Safe, accurate methods to reliably measure circulating red blood cell (RBC) kinetics are critical tools to investigate pathophysiology and therapy of anemia, including hemolytic anemias. This study documents the ability of a method using biotin-labeled RBCs (BioRBCs) to measure RBC survival (RCS) shortened by coating with a highly purified monomeric immunoglobulin G antibody to D antigen. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Autologous RBCs from 10 healthy D+ subjects were labeled with either biotin or (51) Cr (reference method), coated (opsonized) either lightly (n = 4) or heavily (n = 6) with anti-D, and transfused. RCS was determined for BioRBCs and for (51) Cr independently as assessed by three variables: 1) posttransfusion recovery at 24 hours (PTR(24) ) for short-term RCS; 2) time to 50% decrease of the label (T(50) ), and 3) mean potential life span (MPL) for long-term RCS. RESULTS BioRBCs tracked both normal and shortened RCS accurately relative to (51) Cr. For lightly coated RBCs, mean PTR(24) , T(50) , and MPL results were not different between BioRBCs and (51) Cr. For heavily coated RBCs, both short-term and long-term RCS were shortened by approximately 17 and 50%, respectively. Mean PTR(24) by BioRBCs (84 ± 18%) was not different from (51) Cr (81 ± 10%); mean T(50) by BioRBCs (23 ± 17 days) was not different from (51) Cr (22 ± 18 days). CONCLUSION RCS shortened by coating with anti-D can be accurately measured by BioRBCs. We speculate that BioRBCs will be useful for studying RCS in conditions involving accelerated removal of RBCs including allo- and autoimmune hemolytic anemias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald M Mock
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and the Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301W Markham Street, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA.
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26
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Mock DM, Matthews NI, Zhu S, Strauss RG, Schmidt RL, Zimmerman MB, Nalbant D, Freise KJ, Saleh M, Veng-Pedersen P, Widness JA. Comparison of red blood cell survival in sheep determined using red blood cells labeled with either biotin at multiple densities or [14C]cyanate: validation of a model to study human physiology and disease. Transfusion 2012; 52:963-73. [PMID: 22229348 DOI: 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2011.03512.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Measurement of red blood cell (RBC) survival (RCS) is important for investigating pathophysiology and treatment of anemia. Our objective was to validate the multidensity biotin method for RCS determination in sheep, a commonly used model of RBC physiology. [(14) C]Cyanate served as the reference method for long-term RCS because the (51) Cr method (the reference method for humans) is not reliable in sheep. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Aliquots of autologous RBCs from eight adult sheep were labeled with [(14) C]cyanate and four separate densities of biotin (BioRBCs) and reinfused. Short-term RCS was assessed by posttransfusion recovery at 24 hours (PTR(24) ); long-term RCS was assessed by the time to 50% survival (T(50) ) and mean potential life span (MPL). RESULTS Values for PTR(24) of the four BioRBC densities were not different. Values for RCS as reflected by T(50) and MPL were nearly identical for [(14) C]cyanate and the two intermediate-density BioRBC populations. In contrast, the lowest-density BioRBC population survived slightly longer (p < 0.01), but with a difference of no clinical significance. The highest-density BioRBC population importantly shortened RCS (p < 0.01 compared to the two intermediate densities). CONCLUSION This study provides evidence that BioRBCs labeled at four biotin densities can be used to independently and simultaneously measure short-term RCS and that BioRBCs labeled at the three lowest biotin densities can be used to accurately and simultaneously measure long-term RCS. Because the sheep RBC model is comparable to humans, this nonradioactive method has promise for use in RBC kinetic studies in neonates and pregnant women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald M Mock
- Departments of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W. Markham Street, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA.
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27
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Strauss RG. One pathway to academic success: autobiography of Dr Ronald G. Strauss. Transfus Med Rev 2011; 26:85-9. [PMID: 21945158 DOI: 10.1016/j.tmrv.2011.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Often, I have been asked by "junior faculty"-who are usually burdened by substantial responsibilities in service and teaching-how they can launch their career in research as a means to succeed in academic medicine. Obviously, the answers/solutions are as diverse as are the circumstances of each questioner. In the following article, I offer the approach that I applied to my career-acknowledging that "one shoe doesn't fit all" and that others will advise differently. However, one truism exists whenever one seeks excellence in anything-the opportunity must be present to commit uninterrupted time for thought/concentration, organization, training/mentoring/study, and effort/hard work. Without such an opportunity, success in research will be elusive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald G Strauss
- University of Iowa College of Medicine, Associate Medical Director, LifeSource/Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
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Fredrickson LK, Bell EF, Cress GA, Johnson KJ, Zimmerman MB, Mahoney LT, Widness JA, Strauss RG. Acute physiological effects of packed red blood cell transfusion in preterm infants with different degrees of anaemia. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 2011; 96:F249-53. [PMID: 21097838 PMCID: PMC3114194 DOI: 10.1136/adc.2010.191023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The safe lower limit of haematocrit or haemoglobin that should trigger a red blood cell (RBC) transfusion has not been defined. The objective of this study was to examine the physiological effects of anaemia and compare the acute responses to transfusion in preterm infants who were transfused at higher or lower haematocrit thresholds. METHODS The authors studied 41 preterm infants with birth weights 500-1300 g, who were enrolled in a clinical trial comparing high ('liberal') and low ('restrictive') haematocrit thresholds for transfusion. Measurements were performed before and after a packed RBC transfusion of 15 ml/kg, which was administered because the infant's haematocrit had fallen below the threshold defined by study protocol. Haemoglobin, haematocrit, RBC count, reticulocyte count, lactic acid and erythropoietin were measured before and after transfusion using standard methods. Cardiac output was measured by echocardiography. Oxygen consumption was determined using indirect calorimetry. Systemic oxygen transport and fractional oxygen extraction were calculated. RESULTS Systemic oxygen transport rose in both groups following transfusion. Lactic acid was lower after transfusion in both groups. Oxygen consumption did not change significantly in either group. Cardiac output and fractional oxygen extraction fell after transfusion in the low haematocrit group only. CONCLUSIONS These study's results demonstrate no acute physiological benefit of transfusion in the high haematocrit group. The fall in cardiac output with transfusion in the low haematocrit group shows that these infants had increased their cardiac output to maintain adequate tissue oxygen delivery in response to anaemia and, therefore, may have benefitted from transfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Edward F. Bell
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | | | - Karen J. Johnson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - M. Bridget Zimmerman
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Iowa College of Public Health, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Larry T. Mahoney
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - John A. Widness
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Ronald G. Strauss
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA,Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
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Abstract
Most infants with birth weight <1.0 kg are given multiple red blood cell (RBC) transfusions within the first few weeks of life. The anaemia of prematurity is caused by untimely birth occurring before placental iron transport and fetal erythropoiesis are complete, by phlebotomy blood losses taken for laboratory testing, by low plasma levels of erythropoietin due to both diminished production and accelerated catabolism, by rapid body growth and need for commensurate increase in red cell volume/mass, and by disorders causing RBC losses due to bleeding and/or hemolysis. RBC transfusions are the mainstay of therapy with recombinant human erythropoietin largely unused because it fails to substantially diminish RBC transfusion needs--despite exerting substantial erythropoietic effects on neonatal marrow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald G Strauss
- University of Iowa College of Medicine, 200 Hawkins Drive, C250 GH, Iowa City, IA 52242-1009, United States.
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Strauss RG, Klein HG, Leitman SF, Price TH, Lichtiger B, Martinez F, Reesink HW, Panzer S. Preparation of granulocyte concentrates by apheresis: collection modalities in the USA. Vox Sang 2011; 100:426-33. [PMID: 21320130 DOI: 10.1111/j.1423-0410.2010.01417.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R G Strauss
- Pathology & Pediatrics, University Of Iowa College of Medicine, IA, USA.
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34
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Mock DM, Matthews NI, Zhu S, Burmeister LF, Zimmerman MB, Strauss RG, Schmidt RL, Nalbant D, Cress GA, Widness JA. Red blood cell (RBC) volume can be independently determined in vivo in humans using RBCs labeled at different densities of biotin. Transfusion 2011; 51:148-57. [PMID: 20630041 DOI: 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2010.02770.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anemia is a serious problem in critically ill neonates. To investigate the pathophysiology of anemia and responses to red blood cell (RBC) transfusions and erythropoietin therapy, repeated measurement of red blood cell volume (RCV) and blood volume is useful. To extend our previous sheep study in which RBCs were labeled at four different biotin densities, we assessed the validity of this multidensity method for in vivo measurement of circulating RCV in humans. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS In eight healthy adults, autologous RBCs were biotinylated at each of four biotin densities (6, 18, 54, and 162 µg biotinylation reagent/mL RBC), mixed, and infused intravenously; blood was sampled at 10, 20, and 60 minutes. At each time, RCV was calculated from dilution of individual RBC populations enumerated by flow cytometry. RCV measurements from the population of RBCs biotinylated at 6 µg/mL were chosen as the reference values because this density had been previously validated against the 51Cr method in vitro and in vivo in humans. RESULTS Values for RCVs were not significantly different among the four densities of biotinylated RBCs at any of the three time points and did not change over 60 minutes. CONCLUSIONS These studies provide evidence that four densities of biotinylated RBCs can be used in vivo for simultaneous, independent, accurate measurements of RCV in humans. We speculate that this method will also be useful for repeated measurement of RCV and blood volume in infants and other patient populations in whom radioactive labels should be avoided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald M Mock
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205, USA.
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Mock DM, Matthews NI, Zhu S, Burmeister LF, Zimmerman MB, Strauss RG, Schmidt RL, Nalbant D, Freise KJ, Veng-Pedersen P, Widness JA. Red blood cell (RBC) volume can be independently determined in vivo in the sheep using ovine RBCs labeled at different densities of biotin. Transfusion 2011; 50:2553-64. [PMID: 20561297 DOI: 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2010.02744.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate the pathophysiology of anemia and responses to red blood cell (RBC) transfusions and erythropoietin, repeated measurement of the circulating red blood cell volume (RCV) would be useful. Ovine erythropoiesis is similar to human erythropoiesis. Accordingly, a method for measuring RCV using either human or sheep RBCs labeled at different biotin densities has been previously validated in vitro. Here preclinical studies validating this method for in vivo measurement of circulating RCV in sheep are reported. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS For each sheep, autologous RBCs were biotinylated were at four discrete densities (12, 24, 48, and 96µg biotinylation reagent/mL RBCs). The densities were mixed and infused intravenously. Blood was sampled five times over 1 hour beginning at 4 minutes. RCV values were determined based on dilution of each population of biotinylated RBCs and by the [(14) C]cyanate method. RESULTS There was no difference among RCVs measured at all densities through 16 minutes; however, by 60 minutes, RBCs biotinylated at the highest density overestimated RCV by 7.6%. RCV values increased 41% over the hour, consistent with equilibration with a pool of RBCs sequestered in the spleen. RCV by the [(14) C]cyanate method paralleled results by the biotin method but averaged 8% greater. CONCLUSIONS These studies provide evidence that all four densities of biotinylated RBCs can be used in sheep to simultaneously and independently determine RCV. We speculate that the multidensity biotinylation method will be useful both for multiple simultaneous measurements and for repeated measurement of circulating RCV and blood volume in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald M Mock
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205, USA.
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Nopoulos PC, Conrad AL, Bell EF, Strauss RG, Widness JA, Magnotta VA, Zimmerman MB, Georgieff MK, Lindgren SD, Richman LC. Long-term outcome of brain structure in premature infants: effects of liberal vs restricted red blood cell transfusions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 165:443-50. [PMID: 21199970 DOI: 10.1001/archpediatrics.2010.269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the long-term outcome of brain structure in preterm infants, at an average age of 12 years, who received a red blood cell transfusion for anemia of prematurity. DESIGN As neonates, this cohort of infants participated in a clinical trial in which they received red blood cell transfusions based on a high pretransfusion hematocrit threshold (liberal group) or a low hematocrit threshold (restricted group). These 2 preterm groups were compared with a group of full-term healthy control children. SETTING Tertiary care hospital. PARTICIPANTS Magnetic resonance imaging scans for 44 of the original 100 subjects were obtained. INTERVENTION Liberal vs restricted transfusion. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Intracranial volume, total brain tissue, total cerebrospinal fluid, cerebral cortex and cerebral white matter volume, subcortical nuclei volume, and cerebellum volume. RESULTS Intracranial volume was substantially smaller in the liberal group compared with controls. Intracranial volume in the restricted group was not different from controls. Whole-cortex volume was not different in either preterm group compared with controls. Cerebral white matter was substantially reduced in both preterm groups, more so for the liberal group. The subcortical nuclei were substantially decreased in volume, equally so for both preterm groups compared with controls. When sex effects were evaluated, the girls in the liberal group had the most significant abnormalities. CONCLUSION Red blood cell transfusions affected the long-term outcome of premature infants as indicated by reduced brain volumes at 12 years of age for neonates who received transfusions using liberal guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peg C Nopoulos
- University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
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Mock DM, Matthews NI, Zhu S, Strauss RG, Schmidt RL, Nalbant D, Cress GA, Widness JA. Red blood cell (RBC) survival determined in humans using RBCs labeled at multiple biotin densities. Transfusion 2010; 51:1047-57. [PMID: 21062290 DOI: 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2010.02926.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Safe, accurate methods permitting simultaneous and/or repeated measurement of red blood cell (RBC) survival (RCS) are important to investigate pathophysiology and therapy of anemia. Methods using chromium 51 ((51) Cr)-labeled RBCs are unacceptable for infants, children, and pregnant women. We report RCS measured in vivo using RBCs labeled with several densities of biotin (BioRBCs). STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Aliquots of autologous RBCs from eight healthy adult subjects were labeled separately at four discrete biotin densities, mixed, and infused. The proportion of each population of BioRBCs circulating was determined serially by flow cytometry over 20 weeks. For each population, RCS was assessed by the following: 1) posttransfusion BioRBC recovery at 24 hours (PTR(24) ); 2) time to decrease to 50% of the enrichment at 24 hours (T(50) ); and 3) mean potential lifespan (MPL). RESULTS Among the four BioRBC densities, no significant differences in PTR(24) were observed. T(50) and MPL were similar for the two lowest BioRBC densities. In contrast, the two highest BioRBC densities demonstrated progressively decreased T(50) and MPL. CONCLUSIONS RBCs labeled at four biotin densities can be used to independently and accurately measure PTR(24 ) and two lowest biotin densities can accurately quantitate long-term RCS. This method provides a tool for investigating anemia in infants, fetuses, and pregnant women with the following advantages over the standard (51) Cr method: 1) study subjects are not exposed to radiation; 2) small blood volumes (e.g., 20 µL) are required; and 3) multiple independent RCS measurements can be made simultaneously in the same individual.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald M Mock
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205, USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald G Strauss
- Professor Emeritus of Pathology & Pediatrics, University of Iowa College of Medicine, 200 Hawkins Drive, C250 GH, Iowa City, IA 52242-1009,
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Slichter SJ, Kaufman RM, Assmann SF, McCullough J, Triulzi DJ, Strauss RG, Gernsheimer TB, Ness PM, Brecher ME, Josephson CD, Konkle BA, Woodson RD, Ortel TL, Hillyer CD, Skerrett DL, McCrae KR, Sloan SR, Uhl L, George JN, Aquino VM, Manno CS, McFarland JG, Hess JR, Leissinger C, Granger S. Dose of prophylactic platelet transfusions and prevention of hemorrhage. N Engl J Med 2010; 362:600-13. [PMID: 20164484 PMCID: PMC2951321 DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa0904084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 436] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We conducted a trial of prophylactic platelet transfusions to evaluate the effect of platelet dose on bleeding in patients with hypoproliferative thrombocytopenia. METHODS We randomly assigned hospitalized patients undergoing hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation or chemotherapy for hematologic cancers or solid tumors to receive prophylactic platelet transfusions at a low dose, a medium dose, or a high dose (1.1x10(11), 2.2x10(11), or 4.4x10(11) platelets per square meter of body-surface area, respectively), when morning platelet counts were 10,000 per cubic millimeter or lower. Clinical signs of bleeding were assessed daily. The primary end point was bleeding of grade 2 or higher (as defined on the basis of World Health Organization criteria). RESULTS In the 1272 patients who received at least one platelet transfusion, the primary end point was observed in 71%, 69%, and 70% of the patients in the low-dose group, the medium-dose group, and the high-dose group, respectively (differences were not significant). The incidences of higher grades of bleeding, and other adverse events, were similar among the three groups. The median number of platelets transfused was significantly lower in the low-dose group (9.25x10(11)) than in the medium-dose group (11.25x10(11)) or the high-dose group (19.63x10(11)) (P=0.002 for low vs. medium, P<0.001 for high vs. low and high vs. medium), but the median number of platelet transfusions given was significantly higher in the low-dose group (five, vs. three in the medium-dose and three in the high-dose group; P<0.001 for low vs. medium and low vs. high). Bleeding occurred on 25% of the study days on which morning platelet counts were 5000 per cubic millimeter or lower, as compared with 17% of study days on which platelet counts were 6000 to 80,000 per cubic millimeter (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Low doses of platelets administered as a prophylactic transfusion led to a decreased number of platelets transfused per patient but an increased number of transfusions given. At doses between 1.1x10(11) and 4.4x10(11) platelets per square meter, the number of platelets in the prophylactic transfusion had no effect on the incidence of bleeding. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00128713.)
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald G Strauss
- Department of Pathology University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics Iowa City, IA, USA.
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Strauss RG. 2008 Emily Cooley Memorial Lecture: lessons learned from pediatric transfusion medicine clinical trials . . . a little child shall lead them. Transfusion 2009; 49:1996-2004. [PMID: 19527476 DOI: 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2009.02267.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many clinical practices in transfusion medicine are controversial and/or lack definitive guidelines established by sound clinical trials. Although recommendations based on results of clinical trials performed using infants and children may not always be applied directly to adults--and vice versa--lessons learned from pediatric trials can be useful when critically assessing the design/results/conclusions of adult trials. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Four randomized clinical trials (RCTs) studying pediatric patients were critically reviewed. They addressed two red blood cell (RBC) transfusion issues: 1) transfusion guidelines by which RBC transfusions are "triggered" by liberal (LIB; high pretransfusion patient hematocrit [Hct] levels) versus being "triggered" by restricted (RES; low pretransfusion Hct levels) and 2) transfusion of fresh RBCs (<or=7 days' storage) versus RBCs (up to 42 days' storage). RESULTS Findings established by primary outcomes generally were firm (e.g., fewer RBC transfusions were given to infants/children managed by RES guidelines; transfusing small volumes of RBCs stored up to 42 days to preterm infants diminished allogeneic donor exposures and were equally efficacious and safe as fresh RBCs stored <or=7 days). Findings based on secondary outcomes, subset, and post hoc analyses were inconsistent (e.g., clinical outcomes were equivalent after LIB or RES transfusions in only two of three RCTs; in the third, more neurologic problems were found in neonates given RES transfusions). CONCLUSIONS Clinical practices should be based on data pertaining to the primary outcomes of RCTs, because trials are designed and statistically powered to address these issues. Clinical practices suggested by analysis of secondary outcomes, subsets of patients, and post hoc analyses should be applied cautiously until studied further-ideally, as primary outcomes in subsequent RCTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald G Strauss
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa 52242-1009, USA.
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Matthews NI, Mock DM, Strauss RG, Burmeister LF, Schmidt R, Widness JA. Survival of human red cells (RCS) determined using multiple densities of biotin label. FASEB J 2009. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.23.1_supplement.795.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Donald M Mock
- Biochemistry 516
- PediatricsU of Ark for Med SciLittle RockAR
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Mock DM, Matthews NI, Strauss RG, Burmeister LF, Schmidt R, Widness JA. Multiple red cell volumes (RCV) can be determined simultaneously and independently in humans in vivo using red cells (RBCs) labeled at 4 biotin densities. FASEB J 2009. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.23.1_supplement.795.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Mock DM, Matthews NI, Strauss RG, Burmeister LF, Schmidt R, Widness JA. Multiple red cell volumes (RCV) can be independently determined in sheep in vivo using red cells (RBCs) labeled at 4 biotin densities. FASEB J 2009. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.23.1_supplement.795.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Matthews NI, Mock DM, Strauss RG, Burmeister LF, Schmidt R, Widness JA. Sheep red cell survival (RCS) can be followed using 4 different densities of biotin label. FASEB J 2009. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.23.1_supplement.795.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Mock DM, Matthews NI, Strauss RG, Burmeister LF, Schmidt R, Widness JA. Red blood cell volume can be independently determined in vitro using sheep and human red blood cells labeled at different densities of biotin. Transfusion 2009; 49:1178-85. [PMID: 19220818 DOI: 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2009.02095.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The development of valid methods for repeatedly measuring red blood cell (RBC) volume (RCV) in the same individual would be useful in furthering understanding of the physiology and pathophysiology of the pregnant woman, fetus, and infant under a variety of conditions. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Small volumes (5 to 100 mL) of either sheep or human blood were used to test the hypothesis that there is no significant difference in RCV and blood volume determined in vitro using as many as five populations of RBCs labeled at distinct biotin densities. By varying the mass of biotinylating reagent, the density of biotin on the surface of RBCs was incrementally increased to produce discrete populations as assessed by flow cytometric enumeration. Calculation of RCV for each biotin-labeled RBC population was based on the dilution principle. RESULTS All biotin densities, except the most densely labeled, where variance was the greatest, accurately quantitated the in vitro blood volume to within 10 percent of the correct value. There was no bias of either overestimation or underestimation in the determination of the blood volume using either sheep or human RBCs. CONCLUSION These in vitro results provide evidence that the multidensity biotin labeling method is sufficiently accurate to utilize in vivo for repeated determination of circulating RCV and blood volume.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald M Mock
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA.
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Abstract
The sheep has served as an informative animal model for investigation of human fetal and newborn erythropoiesis and red blood cell (RBC) kinetics. We previously validated the permanent label (14C)cyanate for measuring red cell volume (RCV) in sheep. Here, we validate biotin labeling of RBCs as a nonradioactive method for measuring RCV in sheep with the anticipation that it can be applied in studies of human infants. The RCV was determined simultaneously using two techniques for quantitation of the biotin label. The first one quantified total blood concentration of biotin label on biotin-labeled RBCs using (125I)streptavidin. The second one enumerated biotin-labeled RBCs by flow cytometry after incubation with fluorescein-conjugated avidin. RCV measurements made using the two biotin quantitation techniques were validated against both (14C)cyanate and 51Cr as reference methods. Both biotin techniques produced RCV values that agreed well with the reference methods and with each other, producing correlation coefficients averaging >or =0.93. Sequential repetitive measurements in the same animal also agreed with the (14C)cyanate method and each other (average difference <10%). These results establish biotin-labeled RBCs as an accurate method for performing RCV measurements in sheep. This biotin method can be applied in studies that model neonatal erythropoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald M Mock
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205, USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- R G Strauss
- Department of Pathology, 153A MRC University of Iowa College of Medicine Iowa City Iowa 52242-1182 USA
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