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Fletcher J, Reid N, Hubbard R, Berry R, Weston M, Walpole E, Kimberley R, Ladwa R. EP04.01-013 Frailty Index Predicts Treatment Outcomes in Older Adults with Lung Cancer. J Thorac Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2022.07.425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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2
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Sonkar R, Berry R, Latimer MN, Prabhu SD, Young ME, Frank SJ. Augmented Cardiac Growth Hormone Signaling Contributes to Cardiomyopathy Following Genetic Disruption of the Cardiomyocyte Circadian Clock. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:836725. [PMID: 35250583 PMCID: PMC8888912 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.836725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Circadian clocks regulate numerous biological processes, at whole body, organ, and cellular levels. This includes both hormone secretion and target tissue sensitivity. Although growth hormone (GH) secretion is time-of-day-dependent (increased pulse amplitude during the sleep period), little is known regarding whether circadian clocks modulate GH sensitivity in target tissues. GH acts in part through induction of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1), and excess GH/IGF1 signaling has been linked to pathologies such as insulin resistance, acromegaly, and cardiomyopathy. Interestingly, genetic disruption of the cardiomyocyte circadian clock leads to cardiac adverse remodeling, contractile dysfunction, and reduced lifespan. These observations led to the hypothesis that the cardiomyopathy observed following cardiomyocyte circadian clock disruption may be secondary to chronic activation of cardiac GH/IGF1 signaling. Here, we report that cardiomyocyte-specific BMAL1 knockout (CBK) mice exhibit increased cardiac GH sensitivity, as evidenced by augmented GH-induced STAT5 phosphorylation (relative to littermate controls) in the heart (but not in the liver). Moreover, Igf1 mRNA levels are approximately 2-fold higher in CBK hearts (but not in livers), associated with markers of GH/IGF1 signaling activation (e.g., p-ERK, p-mTOR, and p-4EBP1) and adverse remodeling (e.g., cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and interstitial fibrosis). Genetic deletion of one allele of the GH receptor (GHR) normalized cardiac Igf1 levels in CBK hearts, associated with a partial normalization of adverse remodeling. This included attenuated progression of cardiomyopathy in CBK mice. Collectively, these observations suggest that excessive cardiac GH/IGF1 signaling contributes toward cardiomyopathy following genetic disruption of the cardiomyocyte circadian clock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Sonkar
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Ryan Berry
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Mary N. Latimer
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Sumanth D. Prabhu
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
- Cardiology Section, Birmingham VAMC Medical Service, Birmingham, AL, United States
- Division of Cardiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Martin E. Young
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Stuart J. Frank
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
- Endocrinology Section, Birmingham VAMC Medical Service, Birmingham, AL, United States
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3
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Kutsaev SV, Agustsson R, Berry R, Boucher S, Bruhwiler D, Schulze K, Smirnov AY, Taletski K. Ir-192 radioisotope replacement with a hand-portable 1 MeV Ku-band electron linear accelerator. Appl Radiat Isot 2021; 179:110029. [PMID: 34814009 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2021.110029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Although linear accelerators are used in many security, industrial and medical applications, the existing technologies are too large and expensive for several critical applications such as radioactive source replacement, field radiography and mobile cargo scanners. One of the main requirements for these sources is to be highly portable to allow field operation. In response to this problem, RadiaBeam has designed a hand-portable 1 MeV X-ray source, scalable to higher energies, based on Ku-band split electron linac, that can be used for Ir-192 radioisotope replacement. In this paper, we present its multiphysics and engineering design studies, as well as an accelerating structure prototype along with RF measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- S V Kutsaev
- RadiaBeam Technologies, LLC, Santa Monica, CA, 90404, USA.
| | - R Agustsson
- RadiaBeam Technologies, LLC, Santa Monica, CA, 90404, USA
| | - R Berry
- RadiaBeam Technologies, LLC, Santa Monica, CA, 90404, USA
| | - S Boucher
- RadiaBeam Technologies, LLC, Santa Monica, CA, 90404, USA
| | | | - K Schulze
- RadiaBeam Technologies, LLC, Santa Monica, CA, 90404, USA
| | - A Yu Smirnov
- RadiaBeam Technologies, LLC, Santa Monica, CA, 90404, USA
| | - K Taletski
- RadiaBeam Technologies, LLC, Santa Monica, CA, 90404, USA
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4
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Kutsaev S, Agustsson R, Arodzero A, Berry R, Bezhanov A, Boucher S, Chimalpopoca O, Diego A, Faillace L, Gavryushkin D, Harrison M, Hartzell J, McNevin J, Ruelas M, Yu. Smirnov A, Verma A, Woods K. Compact X-Band Electron Linac for Radiotherapy and Security Applications. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2021; 185:109494. [PMID: 33935382 PMCID: PMC8081273 DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2021.109494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
RadiaBeam has developed a 6 MeV accelerator that is compact and light enough to be placed on a robotic arm or light truck. The main drivers of size and weight in conventional accelerators are the power source and the shielding. Small dimensions are enabled by operation at 9.3 GHz frequency (X-band), which allows reducing the size and weight of all accelerator components. Thanks to the robust design of the accelerating structure, the accelerator can be used as a source for novel cargo inspection and radiotherapy techniques. In this paper, we present the linac design and its components, as well the results of the experimental demonstration of beam acceleration.
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Affiliation(s)
- S.V. Kutsaev
- RadiaBeam Technologies LLC, 1717 Stewart St, Santa Monica, CA 90404, U.S.A
| | - R. Agustsson
- RadiaBeam Technologies LLC, 1717 Stewart St, Santa Monica, CA 90404, U.S.A
| | - A. Arodzero
- RadiaBeam Technologies LLC, 1717 Stewart St, Santa Monica, CA 90404, U.S.A
| | - R. Berry
- RadiaBeam Technologies LLC, 1717 Stewart St, Santa Monica, CA 90404, U.S.A
| | - A. Bezhanov
- RadiaBeam Technologies LLC, 1717 Stewart St, Santa Monica, CA 90404, U.S.A
| | - S. Boucher
- RadiaBeam Technologies LLC, 1717 Stewart St, Santa Monica, CA 90404, U.S.A
| | - O. Chimalpopoca
- RadiaBeam Technologies LLC, 1717 Stewart St, Santa Monica, CA 90404, U.S.A
| | - A. Diego
- RadiaBeam Technologies LLC, 1717 Stewart St, Santa Monica, CA 90404, U.S.A
| | - L. Faillace
- RadiaBeam Technologies LLC, 1717 Stewart St, Santa Monica, CA 90404, U.S.A
| | - D. Gavryushkin
- RadiaBeam Technologies LLC, 1717 Stewart St, Santa Monica, CA 90404, U.S.A
| | - M. Harrison
- RadiaBeam Technologies LLC, 1717 Stewart St, Santa Monica, CA 90404, U.S.A
| | - J.J. Hartzell
- RadiaBeam Technologies LLC, 1717 Stewart St, Santa Monica, CA 90404, U.S.A
| | - J. McNevin
- RadiaBeam Technologies LLC, 1717 Stewart St, Santa Monica, CA 90404, U.S.A
| | - M. Ruelas
- RadiaBeam Technologies LLC, 1717 Stewart St, Santa Monica, CA 90404, U.S.A
| | - A. Yu. Smirnov
- RadiaBeam Technologies LLC, 1717 Stewart St, Santa Monica, CA 90404, U.S.A
| | - A. Verma
- RadiaBeam Technologies LLC, 1717 Stewart St, Santa Monica, CA 90404, U.S.A
| | - K. Woods
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, U.S.A
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5
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Kutsaev S, Agustsson R, Arodzero A, Berry R, Boucher S, Diego A, Gavryushkin D, Hartzell J, Lanza R, Smirnov A, Verma A, Ziskin V. Linear accelerator for security, industrial and medical applications with rapid beam parameter variation. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2021.109398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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6
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Assaf A, Berry R, Mantha Y, Zughaib M, Saba S. Isolated Ventricular Septal Aneurysm: A Differential Diagnosis for a Right Sinus of Valsalva Aneurysm. Am J Case Rep 2021; 22:e930930. [PMID: 34023848 PMCID: PMC8164883 DOI: 10.12659/ajcr.930930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A ventricular septal aneurysm (VSA) is rare and almost always an incidental finding on cardiac imaging. It is rarely an isolated phenomenon and is more commonly associated with other forms of congenital heart disease such a ventricular septal defect (VSD). Differentiating a ventricular septal aneurysm from an aneurysm of the right sinus of Valsalva is crucial as the latter usually has a more aggressive course and may require surgical intervention. Cardiac computed tomography (cardiac CT) or cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) may help confirm the diagnosis. CASE REPORT We report a case of a 42-year-old obese Japanese man with a past medical history of hyperlipidemia who described occasional effort-related palpitations when climbing stairs over the past few months but no anginal symptoms. Echocardiogram revealed normal left ventricular systolic with a presumed right sinus of Valsalva aneurysm measuring around 1.5 cm. A coronary CTA was obtained to further delineate the aneurysm and revealed normal CT angiographic appearance of a right dominant coronary artery circulation with a small aneurysmal outpouching of the membranous ventricular septum measuring 13×17 mm without any evidence of shunting, along with focal calcification of the medial aspect of the tricuspid annulus. The right sinus of Valsalva appeared normal on coronary CTA. CONCLUSIONS Membranous ventricular septal aneurysm is a rare condition that is almost always an incidental finding on echocardiography and can be mistaken for an aneurysm of the right sinus of Valsalva. Multimodality imaging and high degree of clinical suspicion are needed to accurately diagnose a ventricular septal aneurysm and to achieve favorable outcomes. A VSA usually has a benign course and is rarely a cause of arrythmia, right ventricular outflow obstruction, or valvular insufficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Assaf
- Department of Cardiology, Ascension Providence Hospital, Southfield, MI, U.S.A
| | - Ryan Berry
- School of Medicine, Michigan State University, Lansing, MI, U.S.A
| | - Yogamaya Mantha
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital of Dallas, Dallas, TX, U.S.A
| | - Marcel Zughaib
- Department of Cardiology, Ascension Providence Hospital, Southfield, MI, U.S.A
| | - Souheil Saba
- Department of Cardiology, Ascension Providence Hospital, Southfield, MI, U.S.A
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Abstract
Initial clinical reports comparing the delivery of radiotherapy (RT) at distinct times of the day suggest that this strategy might affect toxicity and oncologic outcomes of radiation for multiple human tissues, but the clinical effects on high-grade gliomas (HGG) are unknown. The present study addresses the hypothesis that radiotherapy treatment time of the day (RT-TTD) influences outcome and/or toxic events in HGG. Patients treated between 2009-2018 were reviewed (n = 109). Outcomes were local control (LC), distant CNS control (DCNSC), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS). RT-TTD was classified as morning if ≥50% of fractions were delivered before 12:00 h (n = 70) or as afternoon (n = 39) if after 12:00 h. The average age was 62.6 years (range: 14.5-86.9) and 80% were glioblastoma. The median follow-up was 10.9 months (range: 0.4-57.2). The 1y/3y LC, DCNSC, and PFS were: 61.3%/28.1%, 86.8%/65.2%, and 39.7%/10.2%, respectively. Equivalent PFS was found between morning and afternoon groups (HR 1.27; p = .3). The median OS was 16.5 months. Patients treated in the afternoon had worse survival in the univariate analysis (HR 1.72; p = .05), not confirmed after multivariate analysis (HR 0.92, p = .76). Patients with worse baseline performance status and treatment interruptions showed worse PFS and OS. The proportion of patients that developed grade 3 acute toxicity, pseudo progression, and definitive treatment interruptions were 10.1%, 9.2%, and 7.3%, respectively, and were not affected by RT-TTD. In conclusion, for patients with HGG, there was no difference in PFS and OS between patients treated in the morning or afternoon. Of note, definitive treatment interruptions adversely affected outcomes and should be avoided, especially in patients with low performance status. Based on these clinical findings, high-grade glioma cells may not be the best initial model to be irradiated in order to study the effects of chronotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Gomes Sapienza
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Karim Nasra
- Department of Radiology, Michigan State University College of Human Medicine/Ascension Providence Hospital, Southfield, Michigan, USA
| | - Ryan Berry
- Department of Internal Medicine, Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Leana Danesh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Michigan State University College of Osteopathic Medicine, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Tania Little
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ascension Providence Hospital, Southfield, MI, USA
| | - Eyad Abu-Isa
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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Traka MH, Plumb J, Berry R, Pinchen H, Finglas PM. Maintaining and updating food composition datasets for multiple users and novel technologies: Current challenges from a UK perspective. NUTR BULL 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/nbu.12433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M. H. Traka
- Food Databanks National Capability Quadram Institute Bioscience Norwich Research Park Norwich UK
| | - J. Plumb
- Food Databanks National Capability Quadram Institute Bioscience Norwich Research Park Norwich UK
| | - R. Berry
- Food Databanks National Capability Quadram Institute Bioscience Norwich Research Park Norwich UK
| | - H. Pinchen
- Food Databanks National Capability Quadram Institute Bioscience Norwich Research Park Norwich UK
| | - P. M. Finglas
- Food Databanks National Capability Quadram Institute Bioscience Norwich Research Park Norwich UK
- EuroFIR AISBL Brussels Belgium
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9
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McCrae C, Craggs J, Curtis A, Staud R, Berry R, Robinson M. 0077 Objective Sleep and Neural Response to Thermal Pain Testing Following Cognitive Behavioral Treatment in Patients with Comorbid Insomnia and Fibromyalgia: A Pilot Study. Sleep 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Fibromyalgia (FM) is characterized by high rates of insomnia and abnormal central pain processing/heightened response to stimuli (i.e., central sensitization). This study examines whether cognitive behavioral treatments (CBTs) that target insomnia and pain improve central pain processing [indicated by decreased response to quantitative sensory testing (QST) using thermal stimuli] in patients with fibromyalgia and insomnia.
Methods
Before and after CBT-I, CBT-P or waitlist, adults (N=32, Mage=55.9, SD=12.2) with FM and insomnia completed QST during fMRI (Phillips Achieva 3T scanner), 14-daily pain ratings [least(0)-most(100) intense pain imaginable] and 1-night in-home polysomnography (AURA/Grass Technologies). Imaging data were processed using Brain Voyager (Brain Innovation/Netherlands). Random effects ANCOVA identified regions with significant group (3-CBT-I, CBT-P, waitlist) by time (baseline, post-treatment) interactions in brain hemodynamic response to QST. Linear regressions (using residualized change scores) were conducted for each significant region to examine how pain and sleep changes (%Stages 1–3 NREM, %REM) were related to brain response changes.
Results
Eleven regions exhibited significant interactions (ps<.00; large effects; right hemisphere: inferior frontal, superior temporal, mid-occipital, and cingulate gyri, lentiform nucleus; left hemisphere: angular, superior temporal, mid-frontal, inferior occipital, mid-temporal, and inferior frontal gyri). CBT-I decreased brain response to QST in 8 regions and CBT-P in 3 regions (CBT-I effects>CBT-P). Waitlist increased response in 6 regions. Pain ratings, %Stage 2 and %REM sleep were not significant for any region and were dropped from the models. Increased %Stage 1 and/or %Stage 3 predicted decreased brain response to QST in 8 of the 11 regions (ps<.01), accounting for 19–45% of the variance.
Conclusion
Compared to CBT-P, CBT-I prompted greater improvement in abnormal pain processing in patients with fibromyalgia and insomnia. Increased NREM sleep may underlie these pain processing improvements following treatment. Future research examining the potential role of NREM sleep in central sensitization and pain processing is warranted.
Support
National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (R01AR055160 and R01AR005160-S1; McCrae, PI). Data collected as part of clinical trial NCT02001077 Sleep and Pain Interventions (SPIN) at the University of Florida (McCrae, PI).
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Affiliation(s)
- C McCrae
- University of Missouri, Columbia, MO
| | - J Craggs
- University of Missouri, Columbia, MO
| | - A Curtis
- University of Missouri, Columbia, MO
| | - R Staud
- University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - R Berry
- University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
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10
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Roth RH, Bonner H, Logan J, Baruch M, Calhoun D, Berry R, Cho Y, Kwon Y. 1052 Continuous Blood Pressure Monitoring In Sleep. Sleep 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.1048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Abnormal nocturnal blood pressure(BP) such as non-dipping or nocturnal hypertension(reverse-dipping) represents a potent marker for cardiovascular risks. Standard cuff-based ambulatory nocturnal BP measurement yields limited data points potentially resulting in imprecise results, especially compared to continuously recorded BP. We hypothesized nocturnal BP based on periodic measurement would be different from true average beat-to-beat based BP.
Methods
We prospectively enrolled patients undergoing clinically indicated in-lab polysomnography, both CPAP and non-CPAP studies, for sleep apnea evaluation. Nocturnal BP was continuously monitored beat-to-beat by a noninvasive Caretaker™ device, which uses the Pulse Decomposition Analysis(PDA) algorithm. We compared BP recorded at 30-minute intervals with average BP continuously recorded over 30 minutes, both recorded by Caretaker™. We also looked at the differences between recording spot and continuous BP from an awake or sleeping state and BP variability(SD) based on continuously recorded BP. Using first 30 min as a reference, we determined dipping status (dipping: 10-20% reduction, level: 0-10% reduction, riser: any increase) by the two methods.
Results
A total of 18 patients were recruited(male:11, mean age:52.2). Among a total of 261 periodic BP measurements, 60 (30.0%) were obtained while awake. Mean nocturnal SBP by periodic BP measurement was higher compared with beat-to-beat-derived average BP(135.6mmHg[24.2] vs. 131.5[20.3], p<0.0001). The difference between the two methods remained similar when continuous BP was derived from sleep vs. awake period(4.5mmHg[3.1] vs. 7.7[9.9], p=0.202). BP variability was more pronounced during awake compared with sleep period(6.7mmHg[8.1] versus 3.95[7.5], p=0.047). 8 patients were dippers by spot check measurement, but 11 were dippers by continuous BP.
Conclusion
Standard ambulatory periodic nocturnal BP recording may not yield true sleep BP patterns due to its spot-check nature and lack of sleep-awake information, which leads to inaccurate dipping measurements. Incorporation of beat-to-beat continuous BP measurement can provide more accurate and meaningful nocturnal BP information.
Support
N/A
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Affiliation(s)
- R H Roth
- University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA
| | - H Bonner
- University of Virginia Sleep Disorder Center, Charlottesville, VA
| | - J Logan
- University of Virginia School of Nursing, Charlottesville, VA
| | - M Baruch
- Caretaker Medical, Charlottesville, VA
| | - D Calhoun
- University of Alabama School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL
| | - R Berry
- University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL
| | - Y Cho
- University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Y Kwon
- University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA
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11
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Kutsaev SV, Agustsson R, Berry R, Borland M, Chao D, Chimalpopoca O, Gavryushkin D, Gusarova M, Hartzell J, Meyer D, Nassiri A, Smirnov AY, Smith T, Sun Y, Verma A, Waldschmidt G, Zholents A. Thermionic microwave gun for terahertz and synchrotron light sources. Rev Sci Instrum 2020; 91:044701. [PMID: 32357711 DOI: 10.1063/5.0002765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Conventional thermionic microwave and radio frequency (RF) guns can offer high average beam current, which is important for synchrotron light and terahertz (THz) radiation source facilities, as well as for industrial applications. For example, the Advanced Photon Source at Argonne National Laboratory is a national synchrotron-radiation light source research facility that utilizes thermionic RF guns. However, these existing thermionic guns are bulky, difficult to handle and install, easily detuned, very sensitive to thermal expansion, and due for a major upgrade and replacement. In this paper, we present the design of a new, more stable, and reliable gun with optimized electromagnetic performance, improved thermal engineering, and a more robust cathode mounting technique, which is a critical step to improve the performance of existing and future light sources, industrial accelerators, and electron beam-driven THz sources. We will also present a fabricated gun prototype and show results of high-power and beam tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- S V Kutsaev
- RadiaBeam Technologies, LLC, 1717 Stewart St., Santa Monica, California 90404, USA
| | - R Agustsson
- RadiaBeam Technologies, LLC, 1717 Stewart St., Santa Monica, California 90404, USA
| | - R Berry
- RadiaBeam Technologies, LLC, 1717 Stewart St., Santa Monica, California 90404, USA
| | - M Borland
- Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Ave., Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - D Chao
- RadiaBeam Technologies, LLC, 1717 Stewart St., Santa Monica, California 90404, USA
| | - O Chimalpopoca
- RadiaBeam Technologies, LLC, 1717 Stewart St., Santa Monica, California 90404, USA
| | - D Gavryushkin
- RadiaBeam Technologies, LLC, 1717 Stewart St., Santa Monica, California 90404, USA
| | - M Gusarova
- National Research Nuclear University "MEPhI," Kashirskoe sh. 31, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - J Hartzell
- RadiaBeam Technologies, LLC, 1717 Stewart St., Santa Monica, California 90404, USA
| | - D Meyer
- Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Ave., Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - A Nassiri
- Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Ave., Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - A Yu Smirnov
- RadiaBeam Technologies, LLC, 1717 Stewart St., Santa Monica, California 90404, USA
| | - T Smith
- Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Ave., Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Y Sun
- Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Ave., Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - A Verma
- RadiaBeam Technologies, LLC, 1717 Stewart St., Santa Monica, California 90404, USA
| | - G Waldschmidt
- Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Ave., Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - A Zholents
- Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Ave., Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
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12
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Ko JS, Wang L, Billings SD, Pissaloux D, Tirode F, Berry R, De La Fouchardiere A. CRTC1‐TRIM11
fusion defined melanocytic tumors: A series of four cases. J Cutan Pathol 2019; 46:810-818. [DOI: 10.1111/cup.13533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of PathologyCleveland Clinic Cleveland Ohio
| | | | - Daniel Pissaloux
- Department of PathobiologyCentre Léon Bérard Lyon France
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1Research Cancer Center of Lyon Lyon France
| | - Franck Tirode
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1Research Cancer Center of Lyon Lyon France
| | - Ryan Berry
- Department of PathologyCleveland Clinic Cleveland Ohio
| | - Arnaud De La Fouchardiere
- Department of PathobiologyCentre Léon Bérard Lyon France
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1Research Cancer Center of Lyon Lyon France
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13
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van Loo B, Berry R, Boonyuen U, Mohamed MF, Golicnik M, Hengge AC, Hollfelder F. Transition-State Interactions in a Promiscuous Enzyme: Sulfate and Phosphate Monoester Hydrolysis by Pseudomonas aeruginosa Arylsulfatase. Biochemistry 2019; 58:1363-1378. [PMID: 30810299 PMCID: PMC11098524 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.8b00996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa arylsulfatase (PAS) hydrolyzes sulfate and, promiscuously, phosphate monoesters. Enzyme-catalyzed sulfate transfer is crucial to a wide variety of biological processes, but detailed studies of the mechanistic contributions to its catalysis are lacking. We present linear free energy relationships (LFERs) and kinetic isotope effects (KIEs) of PAS and analyses of active site mutants that suggest a key role for leaving group (LG) stabilization. In LFERs PASWT has a much less negative Brønsted coefficient (βleaving groupobs-Enz = -0.33) than the uncatalyzed reaction (βleaving groupobs = -1.81). This situation is diminished when cationic active site groups are exchanged for alanine. The considerable degree of bond breaking during the transition state (TS) is evidenced by an 18Obridge KIE of 1.0088. LFER and KIE data for several active site mutants point to leaving group stabilization by active site K375, in cooperation with H211. 15N KIEs and the increased sensitivity to leaving group ability of the sulfatase activity in neat D2O (Δβleaving groupH-D = +0.06) suggest that the mechanism for S-Obridge bond fission shifts, with decreasing leaving group ability, from charge compensation via Lewis acid interactions toward direct proton donation. 18Ononbridge KIEs indicate that the TS for PAS-catalyzed sulfate monoester hydrolysis has a significantly more associative character compared to the uncatalyzed reaction, while PAS-catalyzed phosphate monoester hydrolysis does not show this shift. This difference in enzyme-catalyzed TSs appears to be the major factor favoring specificity toward sulfate over phosphate esters by this promiscuous hydrolase, since other features are either too similar (uncatalyzed TS) or inherently favor phosphate (charge).
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Affiliation(s)
- Bert van Loo
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Ryan Berry
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan, Utah 84322, United States
| | - Usa Boonyuen
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Mark F. Mohamed
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Marko Golicnik
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Alvan C. Hengge
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan, Utah 84322, United States
| | - Florian Hollfelder
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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14
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Gavrieli A, Trichopoulou A, Valsta LM, Ioannidou S, Berry R, Roe M, Harvey L, Finglas P, Glibetic M, Gurinovic M, Naska A. Identifying sources of measurement error in assessing dietary intakes - Results of a multi-country ring-trial. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2019; 29:127-134. [PMID: 30642793 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2018.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Epidemiological investigations include dietary intakes as primary exposures or potential confounders. To reduce bias, data collection protocols include the administration of questionnaires together with measurements of biomarkers. Some error, however, remains and needs to be considered in the analysis and interpretation of results. The European Food Safety Authority supported a ring-trial to compare the precision and reproducibility of dietary assessment methods applied in Europe. METHODS AND RESULTS Software applications used to collect 24-hour recalls and food records in six countries (Estonia, Italy, Latvia, Portugal, Spain, and Sweden) were assessed. The intake of 256 foods was identically reported to each method. Experienced interviewers participated and were instructed to repeat national protocols closely. The error in recording quantities, compared with reference values, was variable but in about 60% of recorded quantities was in the range of ±20%. Errors were however unsystematic and independent of the food type or quantification method used - although food pictures performed better. The reproducibility of some tools was limited. The methods generally captured additional ingredients (usually flavoring agents), but not sweetening agents or fortification and failed to record packaging information in about 60% of the cases. CONCLUSION In a design that eliminated respondent bias, this study indicates that softwares, supporting databases and interviewers generally introduce random error in dietary assessments. The inclusion of large sample sizes and food pictures to quantify portions, together with enhanced attention on interviewers' training, standardisation of procedures and regular tool upgrades are essential in assuring a study's quality and comparability.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gavrieli
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece
| | | | - L M Valsta
- Evidence Management (DATA) Unit, European Food Safety Authority, Parma, Italy
| | - S Ioannidou
- Evidence Management (DATA) Unit, European Food Safety Authority, Parma, Italy
| | - R Berry
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich, UK
| | - M Roe
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich, UK
| | - L Harvey
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich, UK
| | - P Finglas
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich, UK
| | - M Glibetic
- Institute for Medical Research, Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, University of Belgrade, Serbia
| | - M Gurinovic
- Institute for Medical Research, Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, University of Belgrade, Serbia
| | - A Naska
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece; Dept. of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
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15
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McCarthy AL, Peel NM, Gillespie KM, Berry R, Walpole E, Yates P, Hubbard RE. Validation of a frailty index in older cancer patients with solid tumours. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:892. [PMID: 30217171 PMCID: PMC6137752 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4807-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Frailty is an indicator of physiological reserve in older people. In non-cancer settings, frailty indices are reliable predictors of adverse health outcomes. The aims of this study were to 1) derive and validate a frailty index (FI) from comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) data obtained in the solid tumour chemotherapy setting, and 2) to explore whether the FI-CGA could predict chemotherapy decisions and survival in older cancer patients with solid tumours. Methods Prospective cohort study of a consecutive series sample of 175 cancer patients aged 65 and older with solid tumours. A frailty index was calculated using an accumulated deficits model, coding items from the comprehensive geriatric assessment tool administered prior to chemotherapy decision-making. The domains of physical and cognitive functioning, nutrition, mood, basic and instrumental activities of daily living, and comorbidities were incorporated as deficits into the model. Results The FI-CGA had a right-skewed distribution, with median (interquartile range) of 0.27 (0.21–0.39). The 99% limit to deficit accumulation was below the theoretical maximum of 1.0, at 0.75. The FI-CGA was significantly related (p < 0.001) to vulnerability as assessed by the Vulnerable Elders Survey-13 and to medical oncologists’ assessments of fitness or vulnerability to treatment. Baseline frailty as determined by the FI-CGA was also associated with treatment decisions (Treatment Terminated, Treatment Completed, No Planned Treatment) (p < 0.001), with the No Planned Treatment group significantly frailer than the other two groups. Conclusion The FI-CGA is a potentially useful adjunct to cancer clinical decision-making that could predict chemotherapy outcomes in older patients with solid tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L McCarthy
- School of Nursing, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland Mail Centre, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand. .,Cancer Services, Princess Alexandra Hospital, 199 Ipswich Rd, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia.
| | - N M Peel
- Centre for Research in Geriatric Medicine, University of Queensland, Level 2, Building 33, Princess Alexandra Hospital, 199 Ipswich Rd, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - K M Gillespie
- School of Nursing, Queensland University of Technology, Victoria Park Rd, Kelvin Grove, QLD, 4059, Australia
| | - R Berry
- Cancer Services, Princess Alexandra Hospital, 199 Ipswich Rd, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - E Walpole
- Cancer Services, Princess Alexandra Hospital, 199 Ipswich Rd, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - P Yates
- School of Nursing, Queensland University of Technology, Victoria Park Rd, Kelvin Grove, QLD, 4059, Australia
| | - R E Hubbard
- Centre for Research in Geriatric Medicine, University of Queensland, Level 2, Building 33, Princess Alexandra Hospital, 199 Ipswich Rd, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
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16
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Berry R, McGinnis GR, Banerjee RR, Young ME, Frank SJ. Differential tissue response to growth hormone in mice. FEBS Open Bio 2018; 8:1146-1154. [PMID: 29988606 PMCID: PMC6026699 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Revised: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Growth hormone (GH) has been shown to act directly on multiple tissues throughout the body. Historically, it was believed that GH acted directly in the liver and only indirectly in other tissues via insulin-like growth hormone 1 (IGF-1). Despite extensive work to describe GH action in individual tissues, a comparative analysis of acute GH signaling in key metabolic tissues has not been performed. Herein, we address this knowledge gap. Acute tissue response to human recombinant GH was assessed in mice by measuring signaling via phospho-STAT5 immunoblotting. STAT5 activation is an easily and reliably detected early marker of GH receptor engagement. We found differential tissue sensitivities; liver and kidney were equally GH-sensitive and more sensitive than white adipose tissue, heart, and muscle (gastrocnemius). Gastrocnemius had the greatest maximal response compared to heart, liver, white adipose tissue, and whole kidney. Differences in maximum responsiveness were positively correlated with tissue STAT5 abundance, while differences in sensitivity were not explained by differences in GH receptor levels. Thus, GH sensitivity and responsiveness of distinct metabolic tissues differ and may impact physiology and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Berry
- Department of MedicineDivision of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and MetabolismUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamALUSA
| | - Graham R. McGinnis
- Department of MedicineDivision of Cardiovascular DiseaseUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamALUSA
| | - Ronadip R. Banerjee
- Department of MedicineDivision of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and MetabolismUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamALUSA
| | - Martin E. Young
- Department of MedicineDivision of Cardiovascular DiseaseUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamALUSA
| | - Stuart J. Frank
- Department of MedicineDivision of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and MetabolismUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamALUSA
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative BiologyUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamALUSA
- Endocrinology SectionMedical ServiceVeterans Affairs Medical CenterBirminghamALUSA
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17
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Johnson LA, Bozogmehri S, Ishani A, Weiner D, Berry R, Beyth R, Canales M. 0876 Sleep Apnea and Change in Quality of Life Among Veterans with Kidney Disease: A Prospective Cohort Study. Sleep 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsy061.875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- L A Johnson
- Malcom Randall VA Medical Center, Gainesville, FL
- Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Renal Transplantation, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL
| | - S Bozogmehri
- Malcom Randall VA Medical Center, Gainesville, FL
- Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Renal Transplantation, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL
| | - A Ishani
- Minneapolis VA Medical Center, Minneapolis, MN
- University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - D Weiner
- Malcom Randall VA Medical Center, Gainesville, FL
- Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Renal Transplantation, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL
| | - R Berry
- Malcom Randall VA Medical Center, Gainesville, FL
| | - R Beyth
- Malcom Randall VA Medical Center, Gainesville, FL
| | - M Canales
- Malcom Randall VA Medical Center, Gainesville, FL
- Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Renal Transplantation, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL
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18
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Holtrup B, Church CD, Berry R, Colman L, Jeffery E, Bober J, Rodeheffer MS. Puberty is an important developmental period for the establishment of adipose tissue mass and metabolic homeostasis. Adipocyte 2017; 6:224-233. [PMID: 28792785 DOI: 10.1080/21623945.2017.1349042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past 2 decades, the incidence of childhood obesity has risen dramatically. This recent rise in childhood obesity is particularly concerning as adults who were obese during childhood develop type II diabetes that is intractable to current forms of treatment compared with individuals who develop obesity in adulthood. While the mechanisms responsible for the exacerbated diabetic phenotype associated with childhood obesity is not clear, it is well known that childhood is an important time period for the establishment of normal white adipose tissue in humans. This association suggests that exposure to obesogenic stimuli during adipose development may have detrimental effects on adipose function and metabolic homeostasis. In this study, we identify the period of development associated with puberty, postnatal days 18-34, as critical for the establishment of normal adipose mass in mice. Exposure of mice to high fat diet only during this time period results in metabolic dysfunction, increased leptin expression, and increased adipocyte size in adulthood in the absence of sustained increased fat mass or body weight. These findings indicate that exposure to obesogenic stimuli during critical developmental periods have prolonged effects on adipose tissue function that may contribute to the exacerbated metabolic dysfunctions associated with childhood obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon Holtrup
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Christopher D. Church
- Program in Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism, Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Ryan Berry
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Laura Colman
- Program in Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism, Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Elise Jeffery
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jeremy Bober
- Program in Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism, Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Matthew S. Rodeheffer
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Program in Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism, Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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19
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Horowitz MC, Berry R, Holtrup B, Sebo Z, Nelson T, Fretz JA, Lindskog D, Kaplan JL, Ables G, Rodeheffer MS, Rosen CJ. Bone marrow adipocytes. Adipocyte 2017; 6:193-204. [PMID: 28872979 DOI: 10.1080/21623945.2017.1367881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipocytes were identified in human bone marrow more than a century ago, yet until recently little has been known about their origin, development, function or interactions with other cells in the bone marrow. Little functional significance has been attributed to these cells, a paradigm that still persists today. However, we now know that marrow adipose tissue increases with age and in response to a variety of physiologic induction signals. Bone marrow adipocytes have recently been shown to influence other cell populations within the marrow and can affect whole body metabolism by the secretion of a defined set of adipokines. Recent research shows that marrow adipocytes are distinct from white, brown and beige adipocytes, indicating that the bone marrow is a distinct adipose depot. This review will highlight recent data regarding these areas and the interactions of marrow adipose tissue (MAT) with cells within and outside of the bone marrow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark C. Horowitz
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Ryan Berry
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Brandon Holtrup
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Zachary Sebo
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Tracy Nelson
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jackie A. Fretz
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Dieter Lindskog
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jennifer L. Kaplan
- Department of Comparative Medicine and Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Gene Ables
- Orentreich Foundation for the Advancement of Science, Cold Spring, NY, USA
| | - Matthew S. Rodeheffer
- Department of Comparative Medicine and Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Clifford J. Rosen
- The Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, ME, USA
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20
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McCrae C, Williams J, Dautovich N, McNamara J, Stripling A, Dzierzewski J, Berry R, McCoy K, Marsiske M. 0336 IMPACT OF BRIEF BEHAVIORAL TREATMENT FOR INSOMNIA (BBT-I) ON SLEEP AND COGNITION IN OLDER ADULTS WITH INSOMNIA: THE REST RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL. Sleep 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/sleepj/zsx050.335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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21
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Jeffery E, Wing A, Holtrup B, Sebo Z, Kaplan JL, Saavedra-Peña R, Church CD, Colman L, Berry R, Rodeheffer MS. The Adipose Tissue Microenvironment Regulates Depot-Specific Adipogenesis in Obesity. Cell Metab 2016; 24:142-50. [PMID: 27320063 PMCID: PMC4945385 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2016.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Revised: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The sexually dimorphic distribution of adipose tissue influences the development of obesity-associated pathologies. The accumulation of visceral white adipose tissue (VWAT) that occurs in males is detrimental to metabolic health, while accumulation of subcutaneous adipose tissue (SWAT) seen in females may be protective. Here, we show that adipocyte hyperplasia contributes directly to the differential fat distribution between the sexes. In male mice, high-fat diet (HFD) induces adipogenesis specifically in VWAT, while in females HFD induces adipogenesis in both VWAT and SWAT in a sex hormone-dependent manner. We also show that the activation of adipocyte precursors (APs), which drives adipocyte hyperplasia in obesity, is regulated by the adipose depot microenvironment and not by cell-intrinsic mechanisms. These findings indicate that APs are plastic cells, which respond to both local and systemic signals that influence their differentiation potential independent of depot origin. Therefore, depot-specific AP niches coordinate adipose tissue growth and distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise Jeffery
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Allison Wing
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Brandon Holtrup
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Zachary Sebo
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Jennifer L Kaplan
- Section of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Rocio Saavedra-Peña
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Christopher D Church
- Section of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Laura Colman
- Section of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Ryan Berry
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Matthew S Rodeheffer
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Section of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
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22
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Blackhall M, Berry R, Walls J. ‘Physiological’ temperature found to be prime for extracting sweet cherry anthocyanins. Journal of Nutrition & Intermediary Metabolism 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnim.2015.12.303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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23
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Doucette CR, Horowitz MC, Berry R, MacDougald OA, Anunciado-Koza R, Koza RA, Rosen CJ. A High Fat Diet Increases Bone Marrow Adipose Tissue (MAT) But Does Not Alter Trabecular or Cortical Bone Mass in C57BL/6J Mice. J Cell Physiol 2015; 230:2032-7. [PMID: 25663195 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Obesity has been associated with high bone mineral density (BMD) but a greater propensity to fracture. Some obese individuals have increased marrow adipose tissue (MAT), but the impact of MAT on bone turnover remains controversial, as do changes in BMD associated with a high fat diet (HFD). In this study we hypothesized that MAT volume would increase in response to HFD but would be independent of changes in BMD. Hence, we fed C57BL/6J (B6) male mice at 3 weeks of age either a high fat diet (60 kcal %) or regular diet (10 kcal %) for 12 weeks (n = 10/group). We measured MAT volume by osmium staining and micro-CT (µCT) as well as bone parameters by µCT, histomorphometry, and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. We also performed a short-term pilot study using 13-week-old B6 males and females fed a HFD (58 kcal %) for 2 weeks (n = 3/sex). Both long- and short-term HFD feedings were associated with high MAT volume, however, femoral trabecular bone volume fraction (BV/TV), bone formation rate and cortical bone mass were not altered in the long-term study. In the short-term pilot study, areal BMD was unchanged after 2 weeks of HFD. We conclude that, for B6 mice fed a HFD starting at wean or 13 weeks of age, MAT increases whereas bone mass is not altered. More studies are needed to define the mechanism responsible for the rapid storage of energy in the marrow and its distinction from other adipose depots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casey R Doucette
- Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, Maine
- University of Maine Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Orono, Maine
| | - Mark C Horowitz
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Ryan Berry
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Ormond A MacDougald
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Rea Anunciado-Koza
- Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, Maine
| | - Robert A Koza
- Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, Maine
| | - Clifford J Rosen
- Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, Maine
- University of Maine Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Orono, Maine
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24
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Berry R, Rodeheffer MS, Rosen CJ, Horowitz MC. Adipose Tissue Residing Progenitors (Adipocyte Lineage Progenitors and Adipose Derived Stem Cells (ADSC). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 1:101-109. [PMID: 26526875 DOI: 10.1007/s40610-015-0018-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The formation of brown, white and beige adipocytes have been a subject of intense scientific interest in recent years due to the growing obesity epidemic in the United States and around the world. This interest has led to the identification and characterization of specific tissue resident progenitor cells that give rise to each adipocyte population in vivo. However, much still remains to be discovered about each progenitor population in terms of their "niche" within each tissue and how they are regulated at the cellular and molecular level during healthy and diseased states. While our knowledge of brown, white and beige adipose tissue is rapidly increasing, little is still known about marrow adipose tissue and its progenitor despite recent studies demonstrating possible roles for marrow adipose tissue in regulating the hematopoietic space and systemic metabolism at large. This chapter focuses on our current knowledge of brown, white, beige and marrow adipose tissue with a specific focus on the formation of each tissue from tissue resident progenitor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Berry
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabiliation, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510
| | - Matthew S Rodeheffer
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, Yale University and the Section of Comparative Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, 375 Congress Avenue, New Haven, CT 06510
| | - Clifford J Rosen
- The Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, Maine 04074
| | - Mark C Horowitz
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabiliation, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510
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25
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Crider K, Devine O, Qi Y, Tinker S, Berry R. Predicting the Impact of Folic Acid Fortification, Ready to Eat Cereals and Supplement Use on the Risk of Neural Tube Defects in the United States. FASEB J 2015. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.29.1_supplement.751.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yan Qi
- Carter Consulting, IncAtlantaGAUnited States
| | | | - R Berry
- NCBDDD CDCAtlantaGAUnited States
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26
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Abstract
Organisms experience dramatic fluctuations in demands and stresses over the course of the day. In order to maintain biological processes within physiological boundaries, mechanisms have evolved for anticipation of, and adaptation to, these daily fluctuations. Endocrine factors have an integral role in homeostasis. Not only do circulating levels of various endocrine factors oscillate over the 24 h period, but so too does responsiveness of target tissues to these signals or stimuli. Emerging evidence suggests that these daily endocrine oscillations do not occur solely in response to behavioural fluctuations associated with sleep-wake and feeding-fasting cycles, but are orchestrated by an intrinsic timekeeping mechanism known as the circadian clock. Disruption of circadian clocks by genetic and/or environmental factors seems to precipitate numerous common disorders, including the metabolic syndrome and cancer. Collectively, these observations suggest that strategies designed to realign normal circadian rhythmicities hold potential for the treatment of various endocrine-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen L. Gamble
- Division of Behavioral Neurobiology, Department of Psychiatry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Ryan Berry
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Stuart J. Frank
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
- Endocrinology Section, Medical Service, Birmingham VA Medical Center, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Martin E. Young
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
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Jeffery E, Berry R, Church CD, Yu S, Shook BA, Horsley V, Rosen ED, Rodeheffer MS. Characterization of Cre recombinase models for the study of adipose tissue. Adipocyte 2014; 3:206-11. [PMID: 25068087 PMCID: PMC4110097 DOI: 10.4161/adip.29674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2014] [Revised: 06/20/2014] [Accepted: 06/20/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The study of adipose tissue in vivo has been significantly advanced through the use of genetic mouse models. While the aP2-Cre(BI) and aP2-Cre(Salk) lines have been widely used to target adipose tissue, the specificity of these lines for adipocytes has recently been questioned. Here we characterize Cre recombinase activity in multiple cell populations of the major adipose tissue depots of these and other Cre lines using the membrane-Tomato/membrane-GFP (mT/mG) dual fluorescent reporter. We find that the aP2-Cre(BI) and aP2-Cre(Salk) lines lack specificity for adipocytes within adipose tissue, and that the aP2-Cre(BI) line does not efficiently target adipocytes in white adipose depots. Alternatively, the Adiponectin-CreERT line shows high efficiency and specificity for adipocytes, while the PdgfRα-CreERUCL and PdgfRα-CreERJHU lines do not efficiently target adipocyte precursor cells in the major adipose depots. Instead, we show that the PdgfRα-Cre line is preferable for studies targeting adipocyte precursor cells in vivo.
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Gavrieli A, Naska A, Konstantinidi C, Berry R, Roe M, Harvey L, Finglas P, Glibetic M, Gurinovic M, Trichopoulou A. Dietary Monitoring Tools for Risk Assessment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.2903/sp.efsa.2014.en-607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Gavrieli
- Project consortium: The Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece; Institute of Food Research, Norwich, UK; Institute for Medical Research, Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, University of Belgrade Serbia
| | - A Naska
- Project consortium: The Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece; Institute of Food Research, Norwich, UK; Institute for Medical Research, Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, University of Belgrade Serbia
| | - Ch Konstantinidi
- Project consortium: The Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece; Institute of Food Research, Norwich, UK; Institute for Medical Research, Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, University of Belgrade Serbia
| | - R Berry
- Project consortium: The Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece; Institute of Food Research, Norwich, UK; Institute for Medical Research, Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, University of Belgrade Serbia
| | - M Roe
- Project consortium: The Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece; Institute of Food Research, Norwich, UK; Institute for Medical Research, Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, University of Belgrade Serbia
| | - L Harvey
- Project consortium: The Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece; Institute of Food Research, Norwich, UK; Institute for Medical Research, Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, University of Belgrade Serbia
| | - P Finglas
- Project consortium: The Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece; Institute of Food Research, Norwich, UK; Institute for Medical Research, Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, University of Belgrade Serbia
| | - M Glibetic
- Project consortium: The Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece; Institute of Food Research, Norwich, UK; Institute for Medical Research, Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, University of Belgrade Serbia
| | - M Gurinovic
- Project consortium: The Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece; Institute of Food Research, Norwich, UK; Institute for Medical Research, Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, University of Belgrade Serbia
| | - A Trichopoulou
- Project consortium: The Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece; Institute of Food Research, Norwich, UK; Institute for Medical Research, Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, University of Belgrade Serbia
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Berry T, Walsh E, Berry R, DeSantis E, Smidt AC. Subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus presenting in childhood: a case report and review of the literature. Pediatr Dermatol 2014; 31:368-72. [PMID: 23106790 DOI: 10.1111/pde.12007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
A 2-year-old African American, Hispanic boy presented with well-defined, violaceous, annular dermal plaques without scale over the upper extremities, face, lower extremities, and buttocks. The clinical presentation and laboratory studies were consistent with a diagnosis of subacute cutaneous lupus erythematous (SCLE). SCLE presenting in childhood is exceedingly rare, with only eight cases previously reported. It is important to clinically differentiate SCLE from other eruptions more common to children, such as atopic dermatitis, urticarial drug eruptions, and psoriasis vulgaris, because progression to systemic lupus erythematous (SLE) may occur. SLE needs to be closely followed. We present the first case (to our knowledge) of SCLE in a child of African American or Hispanic descent and provide a table of other documented pediatric presentations of SCLE for comparison.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tammy Berry
- School of Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico
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Mohiyiddeen L, Watson AJ, Apostolopoulos NV, Berry R, Alexandraki KI, Jude EB. Effects of low-dose metformin and rosiglitazone on biochemical, clinical, metabolic and biophysical outcomes in polycystic ovary syndrome. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2014; 33:165-70. [PMID: 23445141 DOI: 10.3109/01443615.2012.745839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare the effect of low-dose metformin and rosiglitazone on clinical, biochemical, ultrasound features and endothelial function in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). After randomisation, a group of 17 women received metformin 500 mg b.d. (MG) and a group of 18 received rosiglitazone 4 mg o.d. (RG) for 3 months. Serum FSH, LH, testosterone, fasting glucose, insulin, IGF-1, IGFBP-3, CRP were measured at baseline and follow-up. Ovarian scan and microcirculation studies were also performed. It was found that there was a reduction in hyperandrogenaemia, insulin resistance, lipidaemia, CRP levels, ovarian volume and number of follicles in both groups. No improvement in endothelial- dependent function was noted but a significant improvement in endothelial-independent function in rosiglitazone group. It was concluded that low-dose therapeutic regimen with rosiglitazone and metformin, has comparable beneficial impacts on metabolic, hormonal and morphological features of PCOS but no obvious effect on vascular parameters in a population of predominantly mild PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Mohiyiddeen
- Department of Gynaecology, Tameside General Hospital, Ashton-Under-Lyne, UK.
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Abstract
Obesity, defined as an excessive increase in white adipose tissue (WAT), is a global health epidemic. In obesity, WAT expands by increased adipocyte size (hypertrophy) and number (hyperplasia). The location and cellular mechanisms of WAT expansion greatly affect the pathogenesis of obesity. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms regulating adipocyte size, number, and depot-dependent expansion in vivo remain largely unknown. This perspective summarizes previous work addressing adipocyte number in development and obesity and discusses recent advances in the methodologies, genetic tools, and characterization of in vivo adipocyte precursor cells allowing for directed study of hyperplastic WAT growth in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Berry
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Elise Jeffery
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Matthew S Rodeheffer
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Section of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
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Scheller EL, Troiano N, Vanhoutan JN, Bouxsein MA, Fretz JA, Xi Y, Nelson T, Katz G, Berry R, Church CD, Doucette CR, Rodeheffer MS, Macdougald OA, Rosen CJ, Horowitz MC. Use of osmium tetroxide staining with microcomputerized tomography to visualize and quantify bone marrow adipose tissue in vivo. Methods Enzymol 2014; 537:123-39. [PMID: 24480344 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-411619-1.00007-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Adipocytes reside in discrete, well-defined depots throughout the body. In addition to mature adipocytes, white adipose tissue depots are composed of many cell types, including macrophages, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and stromal cells, which together are referred to as the stromal vascular fraction (SVF). The SVF also contains adipocyte progenitors that give rise to mature adipocytes in those depots. Marrow adipose tissue (MAT) or marrow fat has long been known to be present in bone marrow (BM) but its origin, development, and function remain largely unknown. Clinically, increased MAT is associated with age, metabolic diseases, drug treatment, and marrow recovery in children receiving radiation and chemotherapy. In contrast to the other depots, MAT is unevenly distributed in the BM of long bones. Conventional quantitation relies on sectioning of the bone to overcome issues with distribution but is time-consuming, resource intensive, inconsistent between laboratories and may be unreliable as it may miss changes in MAT volume. Thus, the inability to quantitate MAT in a rapid, systematic, and reproducible manner has hampered a full understanding of its development and function. In this chapter, we describe a new technique that couples histochemical staining of lipid using osmium tetroxide with microcomputerized tomography to visualize and quantitate MAT within the medullary canal in three dimensions. Imaging of osmium staining provides a high-resolution map of existing and developing MAT in the BM. Because this method is simple, reproducible, and quantitative, we expect it will become a useful tool for the precise characterization of MAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica L Scheller
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Nancy Troiano
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Joshua N Vanhoutan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Mary A Bouxsein
- Center for Advanced Orthopedic Studies, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jackie A Fretz
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Yougen Xi
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Tracy Nelson
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Griffin Katz
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Ryan Berry
- Section of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Christopher D Church
- Section of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Casey R Doucette
- Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, Maine, USA
| | - Matthew S Rodeheffer
- Section of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Ormond A Macdougald
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Clifford J Rosen
- Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, Maine, USA
| | - Mark C Horowitz
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
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Abstract
White adipose tissue (WAT) is a heterogeneous tissue composed of lipid-filled adipocytes and several nonadipocyte cell populations, including endothelial, blood, uncharacterized stromal, and adipocyte precursor cells. Although lipid-filled adipocytes account for the majority of WAT volume and mass, nonadipocyte cell populations have critical roles in WAT maintenance, growth, and function. As mature adipocytes are terminally differentiated postmitotic cells, differentiation of adipocyte precursors is required for hyperplastic WAT growth during development and in obesity. In this chapter, we present methods to separate adipocyte precursor cells from other nonadipocyte cell populations within WAT for analysis by flow cytometry or purification by fluorescence-activated cell sorting. Additionally, we provide methods to study the adipogenic capacity of purified adipocyte precursor cells ex vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher D Church
- Section of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Ryan Berry
- Section of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA; Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Matthew S Rodeheffer
- Section of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA; Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
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Riley G, Hopkins S, Piccini I, Brown N, Fabritz L, Kirchhof P, Raju H, Bevan S, Sheppard MN, Behr ER, Ng FS, Sulkin MS, Peters NS, Efimov IR, Vanheusden FJ, Li X, Chu GS, Almeida TP, Schlindwein FS, Ng GA, Crockford CJ, Ahmed O, Kaba R, Berry R, Dhillon OS, Ullah W, Hunter R, Lovell M, Dhinoja M, Sporton S, Earley MJ, Diab IG, Schilling RJ, Goonewardene M, Heck PM, Begley DA, Fynn S, Virdee M, Grace A, Agarwal SC, Wilson DG, Ahmed N, Nolan R, French A, Frontera A, Duncan ER, Thomas G. MODERATED POSTERS, SESSION 1, HRC 2013. Europace 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/europace/eut317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Gattu AK, Swenson ES, Iwakiri Y, Samuel VT, Troiano N, Berry R, Church CD, Rodeheffer MS, Carpenter TO, Chung C. Determination of mesenchymal stem cell fate by pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) results in increased adiposity and reduced bone mineral content. FASEB J 2013; 27:4384-94. [PMID: 23887690 DOI: 10.1096/fj.13-232900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF), the protein product of the SERPINF1 gene, has been linked to distinct diseases involving adipose or bone tissue, the metabolic syndrome, and osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) type VI. Since mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) differentiation into adipocytes vs. osteoblasts can be regulated by specific factors, PEDF-directed dependency of murine and human MSCs was assessed. PEDF inhibited adipogenesis and promoted osteoblast differentiation of murine MSCs, osteoblast precursors, and human MSCs. Blockade of adipogenesis by PEDF suppressed peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ), adiponectin, and other adipocyte markers by nearly 90% compared with control-treated cells (P<0.001). Differentiation to osteoblasts by PEDF resulted in a common pathway that involved PPARγ suppression (P<0.01). Canonical Wnt-β-catenin signaling results in a MSC differentiation pattern analogous to that seen with PEDF. Thus, adding PEDF enhanced Wnt-β-catenin signal transduction in human MSCs, demonstrating a novel Wnt agonist function. In PEDF knockout (KO) mice, total body adiposity was increased by >50% compared with controls, illustrating its systemic role as a negative regulator of adipogenesis. Bones from KO mice demonstrated a reduction in mineral content recapitulating the OI type VI phenotype. These results demonstrate that the human diseases associated with PEDF reflect its ability to modulate MSC differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arijeet K Gattu
- 1Section of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, 1080 LMP, New Haven, CT, USA.
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Weidauer LA, Binkley TL, Berry R, Specker BL. Variation in cortical density within the cortical shell of individuals across a range in densities and ages. J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact 2013; 13:89-96. [PMID: 23445918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to determine variability in cortical volumetric bone density (vBMD) from a single slice tibia image over a range of vBMD readings and ages. METHODS Males and females (N=80; aged 6-80) were randomly selected from a previous study. Cortical vBMD at the anterior, posterior, medial, and lateral regions as well as the endocortical, mid-cortical, and pericortical regions of the cortical shell were determined using pQCT. RESULTS Mean anterior ROI cortical vBMD (1111±11 mg/cm(3)) was lower than the posterior and lateral ROIs (1169±7 mg/cm(3) and 1151±9 mg/cm(3), respectively), (p<0.05). Individuals with lower overall cortical vBMD and younger individuals had greater vBMD variability within the shell (r=0.37, p=0.004). Difference between anterior and posterior regions was inversely associated with cortical vBMD and jump power (r=0.46, p=0.001). Endocortical vBMD (1080±6 mg/cm) was lower than the mid-cortical and pericortical regions (1152±5 mg/cm(3) and 1147±5 mg/cm, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Variability in cortical vBMD was higher among young individuals and those with lower overall cortical vBMD, while lowest in older individuals and men. The anterior ROI had lower mean cortical vBMD than posterior or lateral regions, and endocortical vBMD was lower than the mid- and pericortical regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- L A Weidauer
- Ethel Austin Martin Program in Human Nutrition, South Dakota State University.
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Abstract
Mature adipocytes are generated through the proliferation and differentiation of precursor cells. Our prior studies identified adipocyte progenitors in white adipose tissue (WAT) as Lin−:CD29+:CD34+:Sca-1+:CD24+ (CD24+) cells that are capable of generating functional WAT1. Here, we employ several Cre recombinase mouse models to identify the adipocyte cellular lineage in vivo. While it has been proposed that white adipocytes are derived from endothelial2 and hematopoietic3, 4 lineages, we find that neither of these lineages label white adipocytes. However, platelet-derived growth factor receptor α (PdgfRα)-Cre trace labels all white adipocytes. Analysis of WAT from PdgfRα-Cre reporter mice identifies CD24+ and Lin−:CD29+:CD34+:Sca-1+:CD24− (CD24−) cells as adipocyte precursors. We show that CD24+ cells generate the CD24− population in vivo and the CD24− cells express late markers of adipogenesis. From these data we propose a model where the CD24+ adipocyte progenitors become further committed to the adipocyte lineage as CD24 expression is lost, generating CD24− preadipocytes. This characterization of the adipocyte cellular lineage will facilitate study of the mechanisms that regulate WAT formation in vivo and WAT mass expansion in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Berry
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Medicine, Yale University, 375 Congress Avenue, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
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Abstract
We describe an 11-month-old boy with an unusually large presternal mass present since birth. The large size, fluctuant properties, transillumination, compressibility, and imaging of this lesion were characteristic of a lymphatic malformation. Although four treatments with sclerotherapy markedly reduced its size, it was not until definitive treatment with surgical excision and the final pathology report that we arrived at the ultimate diagnosis of dermoid cyst. Dermoid cysts, although appearing along embryologic lines of closure, are rarely presternal. They are usually small, thick walled, and filled with sebaceous or keratinous fluid, which typically allows for clinical diagnosis, and show characteristic features on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasound. However, this case illustrates that dermoid cysts can appear in somewhat atypical locations, and imaging is not always diagnostic, so dermoid cyst should remain a part of the differential diagnosis for any lesion presenting midsternally, regardless of the size and imaging characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tammy Berry
- School of Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
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Loh R, Foley D, Ranasinghe W, Austin K, Ranchod P, Berry R. Post-traumatic pelvic extramedullary haemopoetic tissue causing lower urinary tract symptoms. J Surg Case Rep 2012; 2012:17. [PMID: 24960775 PMCID: PMC3649577 DOI: 10.1093/jscr/2012.8.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Extramedullary haemopoiesis (EMH) is the abnormal development and growth of haemopoietic tissue outside the bone marrow. It is usually asymptomatic and occurs in the presence of myelodysplastic syndromes. In this report, we describe the first post-traumatic EMH presenting with lower urinary tract symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Loh
- Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, VIC Australia
| | - D Foley
- Department of General Surgery, Cabrini Hospital, Malvern, VIC, Australia
| | - W Ranasinghe
- Department of General Surgery, Cabrini Hospital, Malvern, VIC, Australia
| | - K Austin
- Department of General Surgery, Cabrini Hospital, Malvern, VIC, Australia
| | - P Ranchod
- Department of General Surgery, Cabrini Hospital, Malvern, VIC, Australia
| | - R Berry
- Department of General Surgery, Cabrini Hospital, Malvern, VIC, Australia
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Birsoy K, Berry R, Wang T, Ceyhan O, Tavazoie S, Friedman JM, Rodeheffer MS. Analysis of gene networks in white adipose tissue development reveals a role for ETS2 in adipogenesis. Development 2011; 138:4709-19. [PMID: 21989915 DOI: 10.1242/dev.067710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is characterized by an expansion of white adipose tissue mass that results from an increase in the size and the number of adipocytes. However, the mechanisms responsible for the formation of adipocytes during development and the molecular mechanisms regulating their increase and maintenance in adulthood are poorly understood. Here, we report the use of leptin-luciferase BAC transgenic mice to track white adipose tissue (WAT) development and guide the isolation and molecular characterization of adipocytes during development using DNA microarrays. These data reveal distinct transcriptional programs that are regulated during murine WAT development in vivo. By using a de novo cis-regulatory motif discovery tool (FIRE), we identify two early gene clusters whose promoters show significant enrichment for NRF2/ETS transcription factor binding sites. We further demonstrate that Ets transcription factors, but not Nrf2, are regulated during early adipogenesis and that Ets2 is essential for the normal progression of the adipocyte differentiation program in vitro. These data identify ETS2 as a functionally important transcription factor in adipogenesis and its possible role in regulating adipose tissue mass in adults can now be tested. Our approach also provides the basis for elucidating the function of other gene networks during WAT development in vivo. Finally these data confirm that although gene expression during adipogenesis in vitro recapitulates many of the patterns of gene expression in vivo, there are additional developmental transitions in pre and post-natal adipose tissue that are not evident in cell culture systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kivanç Birsoy
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
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Birsoy K, Berry R, Wang T, Ceyhan O, Tavazoie S, Friedman JM, Rodeheffer MS. Analysis of gene networks in white adipose tissue development reveals a role for ETS2 in adipogenesis. J Cell Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1242/jcs.101436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Festa E, Fretz J, Berry R, Schmidt B, Rodeheffer M, Horowitz M, Horsley V. Adipocyte lineage cells contribute to the skin stem cell niche to drive hair cycling. Cell 2011; 146:761-71. [PMID: 21884937 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2011.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 423] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2010] [Revised: 06/16/2011] [Accepted: 07/05/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In mammalian skin, multiple types of resident cells are required to create a functional tissue and support tissue homeostasis and regeneration. The cells that compose the epithelial stem cell niche for skin homeostasis and regeneration are not well defined. Here, we identify adipose precursor cells within the skin and demonstrate that their dynamic regeneration parallels the activation of skin stem cells. Functional analysis of adipocyte lineage cells in mice with defects in adipogenesis and in transplantation experiments revealed that intradermal adipocyte lineage cells are necessary and sufficient to drive follicular stem cell activation. Furthermore, we implicate PDGF expression by immature adipocyte cells in the regulation of follicular stem cell activity. These data highlight adipogenic cells as skin niche cells that positively regulate skin stem cell activity, and suggest that adipocyte lineage cells may alter epithelial stem cell function clinically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Festa
- Department of Molecular Biology, Yale University, 219 Prospect St., New Haven, CT 06520, USA
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Mitchell I, McKay H, Van Leuvan C, Berry R, McCutcheon C, Avard B, Slater N, Neeman T, Lamberth P. A prospective controlled trial of the effect of a multi-faceted intervention on early recognition and intervention in deteriorating hospital patients. Resuscitation 2010; 81:658-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2010.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2009] [Revised: 02/09/2010] [Accepted: 03/01/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Higgins R, Hung S, Stewart T, Berry R, Hamid-Allie A, Mazzulli T, Drews S. O51 Human surveillance for West Nile meningoencephalitis infection in Ontario in 2007 and 2008. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-8579(09)70198-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Abstract
Many experts believe that optimizing bone mineral accrual early in life may prevent childhood fractures and possibly delay the development of osteoporosis later in life. Adequate nutrition and physical activity are environmental factors important in determining whether or not children acquire an appropriate amount of bone for their body size. Pediatric diseases, or therapeutic interventions used in their treatment, may interfere with normal bone development. Although there are specific methods available for assessing pediatric bone, there is no one method that can adequately assess bone health and identify the specific bone deficits that may be occurring. Understanding the biological basis for bone deficits and the ability of various bone assessment methods to discriminate or measure these deficits is important in understanding normal bone development and how to prevent and treat pediatric bone disease. The purpose of this review is to briefly describe changes in bone with growth, to define "bone density" in biological terms, to discuss some of the issues with pediatric bone measurements, and to review the three main methods for assessing bone parameters in pediatric populations. These methods, including dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), quantitative ultrasound (QUS) and peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT) will be described, the advantages and disadvantages discussed, and the relationship between bone parameters and fracture risk presented for each of the methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa L Binkley
- EA Martin Program, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, USA.
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Vovk A, Bolser D, Hey J, Danzig M, Vickroy T, Berry R, Martin A, Davenport P. Capsaicin exposure elicits complex airway defensive motor patterns in normal humans in a concentration-dependent manner. Pulm Pharmacol Ther 2006; 20:423-32. [PMID: 17236796 PMCID: PMC3121193 DOI: 10.1016/j.pupt.2006.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2006] [Accepted: 11/17/2006] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The airway defensive response to tussive agents, such as capsaicin, is frequently assessed by counting the number of cough sounds, or expulsive events. This method does not identify or differentiate important respiratory events that occur in the respiratory muscles and lungs, which are critical in assessing airway defensive responses. The purpose of this study was to characterize the airway defensive behaviours (cough and expiration reflex) to capsaicin exposure in humans. We observed complex motor behaviours in response to capsaicin exposure. These behaviours were defined as cough reacceleration (CRn) and expiration reflex (ERn), where n is the number of expulsive events with and without a preceding inspiratory phase, respectively. Airway defensive responses were defined in terms of frequency (number of expulsive events), strength (activation of abdominal muscles) and behaviour type (CRn vs. ERn). Thirty-six subjects (15 females, 24+/-4 yr) were instrumented with EMG electrodes placed over the rectus abdominis (RA), external abdominal oblique (EO) and the 8th intercostal space (IC8). A custom-designed mouth pneumotachograph was used to assess the airflow acceleration, plateau velocity and phase duration of the expulsive phase. Subjects inhaled seven concentrations of capsaicin (5-200 microM) in a randomized block order. The total number of expulsive events (frequency) and the sum of integrated EMG for the IC8, RA and EO (strength) increased in a curvilinear fashion. Differentiating the airway defense responses into type demonstrated predominately CR1 and CR2 (i.e. inspiration followed by one and two expulsive events, respectively) with very few ER's at <50 microM capsaicin. At higher concentrations (>50 microM) ER's with one or more expulsive events (ER1) appeared, and the number of CR's with three or more expulsive events (CR3) increased. The decrease in EMG activation and airflow measurements with each successive expulsive event suggests a decline in power and shear force as the number of expulsive events increased. Therefore, the airway defensive response to capsaicin is a complex motor pattern that functions to coordinate ER's and CR's with differing numbers of expulsive events possibly to prevent aspirations and keep air moving to promote clearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Vovk
- Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - D.C. Bolser
- Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
- Corresponding author. Tel.: +1 352 397 4700x3826; fax: +1 352 392 5146. (D.C. Bolser)
| | - J.A. Hey
- Schering-Plough Research Institute, Kenilworth, NJ, USA
| | - M. Danzig
- Schering-Plough Research Institute, Kenilworth, NJ, USA
| | - T. Vickroy
- Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - R. Berry
- Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - A.D. Martin
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, US
| | - P.W. Davenport
- Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
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Berry R. Book Review: Rebuilding Attachments with Traumatized Children: Healing from Losses, Violence, Abuse and Neglect. Emotional & Behavioural Difficulties 2005. [DOI: 10.1177/136327520501000208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Naka T, Wan L, Bellomo R, Wang BZ, Jones R, Berry R, Angus P, Gow P. Kidney failure associated with liver transplantation or liver failure: the impact of continuous veno-venous hemofiltration. Int J Artif Organs 2005; 27:949-55. [PMID: 15636052 DOI: 10.1177/039139880402701107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The short-term outcome of critically ill patients with kidney failure combined with severe liver failure or orthotopic liver transplantation (OLTx) is poor. We sought to test the hypothesis that, with the exclusive use of continuous veno-venous hemofilration (CVVH) with minimal heparin-anticoagulation, the short and long-term outcomes of these patients would be improved. PATIENTS Sixty-six consecutive patients with combined liver and kidney failure SETTING Intensive Care Unit of tertiary hospital DESIGN Retrospective interrogation of prospectively collected databases INTERVENTION Treatment of all patients with continuous veno-venous hemofiltration (CVVH) by protocol with 2L/h of ultrafiltration rate and minimal use of circuit heparinization. Retrieval of specific information on demographic, clinical, therapeutic and outcome details. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS From July 1995 to April 2004, 66 patients with combined liver and renal failure received continuous veno-venous hemofiltration (CVVH). Of these, 26 received liver transplantation and 40 did not. There were no significant differences in age, APACHE II score, bilirubin, ALT, INR or albumin on admission. The average duration of CVVH was 9.5 days for OLTx patients and 5 days for non-transplanted patients (p=0.013). Heparin anticoagulation was used in only 12% of OLTx patients and 20% of non-transplanted patients. ICU mortality was 15% in OLTx patients and 63% in non-transplanted patients (p<0.0005); hospital mortality was 23% compared to 70% (p<0. 001). Mean survival time at follow up was 1,120 days compared to 358 days (p<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS ARF associated with OLTx has a much better outcome than ARF without OLTx. Furthermore, management based on a conservative anticoagulation policy and CVVH as the exclusive form of renal support was associated with the best ICU, hospital and long term survival reported so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Naka
- Department of Intensive Care and Surgery, Austin Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
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Berry R. Correspondence - "Lost Data" Revisited. Acc Chem Res 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/ar00117a601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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