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McDonald S, Wallis K, Horowitz M, Mann E, Le V, Donald M. Acceptability and optimisation of resources to support antidepressant cessation: a qualitative think-aloud study with patients in Australian primary care. Br J Gen Pract 2024; 74:e113-e119. [PMID: 38272680 PMCID: PMC10714746 DOI: 10.3399/bjgp.2023.0269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stopping long-term (>12 months) antidepressant use can be difficult due to unpleasant withdrawal symptoms. Many people do not recognise withdrawal symptoms or understand how to minimise them while safely discontinuing antidepressants. To address the gaps, the authors developed the 'Redressing long-term antidepressant use' (RELEASE) resources, comprising a medicines information brochure, a decision aid, and drug- specific hyperbolic tapering protocols. AIM To explore patients' acceptability of the RELEASE resources to optimise their use and impact. DESIGN AND SETTING A think-aloud interview study among adults with lived experience of long-term antidepressant use conducted in south-east Queensland, Australia, between November 2021 and June 2022. METHOD Participants were purposively sampled from general practices and interviewed face-to-face or via videoconferencing. Participants verbalised their thoughts, impressions, and feelings while engaging with each resource. Interviews were analysed using a deductive coding framework, including codes related to acceptability and optimisation. Interviews were analysed in a series of four tranches, with iterative modifications made to resources after each tranche. RESULTS Participants (n = 14) reported the resources to be relevant, informative, motivational, and usable. Participants' comments informed modifications, including changes to wording, content order, and layout. Several participants expressed frustration that they had not had these resources earlier, with one reporting the information could have been 'life changing'. Many commented on the need for these resources to be widely available to both patients and doctors. CONCLUSION The RELEASE resources were found to be acceptable, useful, and potentially life changing. The effectiveness of these consumer-informed resources in supporting safe cessation of long-term antidepressants is currently being tested in general practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne McDonald
- General Practice Clinical Unit, Medical School, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Katharine Wallis
- General Practice Clinical Unit, Medical School, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Mark Horowitz
- Research and Development Department, North East London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Esther Mann
- University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Vilany Le
- University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Maria Donald
- General Practice Clinical Unit, Medical School, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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Davies J, Read J, Kruger D, Crisp N, Lamb N, Dixon M, Everington S, Hollins S, Moncrieff J, Giurca BC, van Tulleken C, Chouinard G, Dooley M, Guy A, Horowitz M, Kinderman P, Johnstone L, Montagu L, Nardi AE, Stacey S, Bell M, Tresidder A, Watson J, Lewis S, Spada M, Payne R, Akhtar N, Buckland C, Levett J, Whitcombe S, Marshall-Andrews L. Politicians, experts, and patient representatives call for the UK government to reverse the rate of antidepressant prescribing. BMJ 2023; 383:2730. [PMID: 38052460 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.p2730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - John Read
- International Institute for Psychiatric Drug Withdrawal, London, UK
| | - Danny Kruger
- Beyond Pills All Party Parliamentary Group, Houses of Parliament, London, UK
| | - Nigel Crisp
- Beyond Pills All Party Parliamentary Group, Houses of Parliament, London, UK
| | | | | | | | - Sheila Hollins
- St George's, University of London, UK
- House of Lords, London, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Anne Guy
- Beyond Pills All Party Parliamentary Group, Houses of Parliament, London, UK
| | | | | | | | - Luke Montagu
- Council for Evidence Based Psychiatry, London, UK
| | | | - Sarah Stacey
- College of Medicine Beyond Pills Campaign, London, UK
| | - Martin Bell
- British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy, UK
| | | | | | - Stevie Lewis
- Lived and Professional Experience Advisory Panel for Prescribed Drug Dependence, UK
| | | | | | - Naveed Akhtar
- Integrated Medicine Alliance, UK
- College of Medicine, London, UK
| | | | - Jon Levett
- UK Council for Psychotherapy, London, UK
| | - Sue Whitcombe
- Division of Counselling Psychology, British Psychological Society
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Moncrieff J, Crellin N, Stansfeld J, Cooper R, Marston L, Freemantle N, Lewis G, Hunter R, Johnson S, Barnes T, Morant N, Pinfold V, Smith R, Kent L, Darton K, Long M, Horowitz M, Horne R, Vickerstaff V, Jha M, Priebe S. Antipsychotic dose reduction and discontinuation versus maintenance treatment in people with schizophrenia and other recurrent psychotic disorders in England (the RADAR trial): an open, parallel-group, randomised controlled trial. Lancet Psychiatry 2023; 10:848-859. [PMID: 37778356 DOI: 10.1016/s2215-0366(23)00258-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maintenance antipsychotic medication is recommended for people with schizophrenia or recurrent psychosis, but the adverse effects are burdensome, and evidence on long-term outcomes is sparse. We aimed to assess the benefits and harms of a gradual process of antipsychotic reduction compared with maintenance treatment. Our hypothesis was that antipsychotic reduction would improve social functioning with a short-term increase in relapse. METHODS RADAR was an open, parallel-group, randomised trial done in 19 National Health Service Trusts in England. Participants were aged 18 years and older, had a diagnosis of recurrent, non-affective psychotic disorder, and were prescribed an antipsychotic. Exclusion criteria included people who had a mental health crisis or hospital admission in the past month, were considered to pose a serious risk to themselves or others by a treating clinician, or were mandated to take antipsychotic medication under the Mental Health Act. Through an independent, internet-based system, participants were randomly assigned (1:1) to gradual, flexible antipsychotic reduction, overseen by treating clinicians, or to maintenance. Participants and clinicians were aware of treatment allocations, but assessors were masked to them. Follow-up was for 2 years. Social functioning, assessed by the Social Functioning Scale, was the primary outcome. The principal secondary outcome was severe relapse, defined as requiring admission to hospital. Analysis was done blind to group identity using intention-to-treat data. The trial is completed and has been registered with ISRCTN registry (ISRCTN90298520) and with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03559426). FINDINGS 4157 people were screened, of whom 253 were randomly allocated, including 168 (66%) men, 82 (32%) women, and 3 (1%) transgender people, with a mean age of 46 years (SD 12, range 22-79). 171 (67%) participants were White, 52 (21%) were Black, 16 (6%) were Asian, and 12 (5%) were of other ethnicity. The median dose reduction at any point during the trial was 67% in the reduction group and zero in the maintenance group; at 24 months it was 33% versus zero. At the 24-month follow-up, we assessed 90 of 126 people assigned to the antipsychotic dose reduction group and 94 of 127 assigned to the maintenance group, finding no difference in the Social Functioning Scale (β 0·19, 95% CI -1·94 to 2·33; p=0·86). There were 93 serious adverse events in the reduction group affecting 49 individuals, mainly comprising admission for a mental health relapse, and 64 in the maintenance group, relating to 29 individuals. INTERPRETATION At 2-year follow-up, a gradual, supported process of antipsychotic dose reduction had no effect on social functioning. Our data can help to inform decisions about the use of long-term antipsychotic medication. FUNDING National Institute for Health Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Moncrieff
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK; North East London Foundation NHS Trust, London, UK.
| | | | - Jacki Stansfeld
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK; North East London Foundation NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Ruth Cooper
- NIHR Mental Health Policy Research Unit, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK; East London NHS Foundation Trust, Newham Centre for Mental Health, London, UK
| | - Louise Marston
- Research Department of Primary Care and Population Health, University College London, London, UK; PRIMENT Clinical trials unit, University College London, London, UK
| | - Nick Freemantle
- Comprehensive Clinical Trials Unit, Institute of Clinical Trials and Methodology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Glyn Lewis
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
| | - Rachael Hunter
- Research Department of Primary Care and Population Health, University College London, London, UK; PRIMENT Clinical trials unit, University College London, London, UK
| | - Sonia Johnson
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
| | - Thomas Barnes
- Division of Psychiatry, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Nicola Morant
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
| | | | | | | | | | - Maria Long
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK; Department of Health Services Research and Management, City University, London, UK
| | - Mark Horowitz
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK; North East London Foundation NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Robert Horne
- School of Pharmacy, University College London, London, UK
| | - Victoria Vickerstaff
- Research Department of Primary Care and Population Health, University College London, London, UK; PRIMENT Clinical trials unit, University College London, London, UK
| | - Mithilesh Jha
- Lincolnshire Partnership NHS Foundation Trust, Lincoln, UK
| | - Stefan Priebe
- Unit for Social and Community Psychiatry, WHO Collaborating Centre for Mental Health Services Development, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
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Faurot KR, Park J, Miller V, Honvoh G, Domeniciello A, Mann JD, Gaylord SA, Lynch CE, Palsson O, Ramsden CE, MacIntosh BA, Horowitz M, Zamora D. Dietary fatty acids improve perceived sleep quality, stress, and health in migraine: a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial. Front Pain Res (Lausanne) 2023; 4:1231054. [PMID: 37954068 PMCID: PMC10634433 DOI: 10.3389/fpain.2023.1231054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Migraine is a prevalent disabling condition often associated with comorbid physical and psychological symptoms that contribute to impaired quality of life and disability. Studies suggest that increasing dietary omega-3 fatty acid is associated with headache reduction, but less is known about the effects on quality of life in migraine. Methods After a 4-week run-in, 182 adults with 5-20 migraine days per month were randomized to one of the 3 arms for sixteen weeks. Dietary arms included: H3L6 (a high omega-3, low omega-6 diet), H3 (a high omega-3, an average omega-6 diet), or a control diet (average intakes of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids). Prespecified secondary endpoints included daily diary measures (stress perception, sleep quality, and perceived health), Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement Information System Version 1.0 ([PROMIS©) measures and the Migraine Disability Assessment (MIDAS). Analyses used linear mixed effects models to control for repeated measures. Results The H3L6 diet was associated with significant improvements in stress perception [adjusted mean difference (aMD): -1.5 (95% confidence interval: -1.7 to -1.2)], sleep quality [aMD: 0.2 (95% CI:0.1-0.2)], and perceived health [aMD: 0.2 (0.2-0.3)] compared to the control. Similarly, the H3 diet was associated with significant improvements in stress perception [aMD: -0.8 (-1.1 to -0.5)], sleep quality [aMD: 0.2 (0.1, 0.3)], and perceived health [aMD: 0.3 (0.2, 0.3)] compared to the control. MIDAS scores improved substantially in the intervention groups compared with the control (H3L6 aMD: -11.8 [-25.1, 1.5] and H3 aMD: -10.7 [-24.0, 2.7]). Among the PROMIS-29 assessments, the biggest impact was on pain interference [H3L6 MD: -1.8 (-4.4, 0.7) and H3 aMD: -3.2 (-5.9, -0.5)] and pain intensity [H3L6 MD: -0.6 (-1.3, 0.1) and H3 aMD: -0.6 (-1.4, 0.1)]. Discussion The diary measures, with their increased power, supported our hypothesis that symptoms associated with migraine attacks could be responsive to specific dietary fatty acid manipulations. Changes in the PROMIS© measures reflected improvements in non-headache pain as well as physical and psychological function, largely in the expected directions. These findings suggest that increasing omega-3 with or without decreasing omega-6 in the diet may represent a reasonable adjunctive approach to reducing symptoms associated with migraine attacks. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02012790.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keturah R. Faurot
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Jinyoung Park
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Vanessa Miller
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Gilson Honvoh
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Anthony Domeniciello
- Lipid Peroxidation Unit, Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - J. Douglas Mann
- Department of Neurology, UNC School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Susan A. Gaylord
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Chanee E. Lynch
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Olafur Palsson
- Department of Medicine, UNC School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Christopher E. Ramsden
- Lipid Peroxidation Unit, Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Intramural Program of the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Beth A. MacIntosh
- Metabolic and Nutrition Research Core, UNC Medical Center, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Mark Horowitz
- Lipid Peroxidation Unit, Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Daisy Zamora
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- Lipid Peroxidation Unit, Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, UNC School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
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Morant N, Long M, Jayacodi S, Cooper R, Akther-Robertson J, Stansfeld J, Horowitz M, Priebe S, Moncrieff J. Experiences of reduction and discontinuation of antipsychotics: a qualitative investigation within the RADAR trial. EClinicalMedicine 2023; 64:102135. [PMID: 37936655 PMCID: PMC10626156 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.102135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Antipsychotics are a core treatment for psychosis, but the evidence for gradual dose reductions guided by clinicians is under-developed. The RADAR randomised controlled trial (RCT) compared antipsychotic reduction and possible discontinuation with maintenance treatment for people with recurrent psychotic disorders. The current study explored participants' experiences of antipsychotic reduction or discontinuation within this trial. Methods This qualitative study was embedded within the RADAR RCT (April 2017-March 2022) that recruited 253 participants from specialist community mental health services in 19 public healthcare localities in England. Participants were adults with recurrent non affective psychosis who were taking antipsychotic medication. Semi-structured interviews, lasting 30-90 min, were conducted after the trial final 24-month follow-up with 26 people who reduced and/or discontinued antipsychotics within the trial, sampled purposively for diversity in sociodemographic characteristics, trial variables, and pre-trial medication and clinical factors. Data were analysed using thematic analysis and findings are reported qualitatively. Findings Most participants reported reduced adverse effects of antipsychotics with dose reductions, primarily in mental clouding, emotional blunting and sedation, and some positive impacts on social functioning and sense of self. Over half experienced deteriorations in mental health, including psychotic symptoms and intolerable levels of emotional intensity. Nine had a psychotic relapse. The trial context in which medication reduction was explicitly part of clinical care provided various learning opportunities. Some participants were highly engaged with reduction processes, and despite difficulties including relapses, developed novel perspectives on medication, dose optimisation, and how to manage their mental health. Others were more ambivalent about reduction or experienced less overall impact. Interpretation Experiences of antipsychotic reductions over two years were dynamic and diverse, shaped by variations in dose reduction profiles, reduction effects, personal motivation and engagement levels, and relationships with prescribers. There are relapse risks and challenges, but some people experience medication reduction done with clinical guidance as empowering. Clinicians can use findings to inform and work flexibly with service users to establish optimal antipsychotic doses. Funding National Institute for Health Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Morant
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
| | - Maria Long
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
- Health Services Research & Management, City University, London, UK
- Research & Development Department, North East London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | - Ruth Cooper
- Unit for Social and Community Psychiatry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- East London NHS Foundation Trust, Newham Centre for Mental Health, London, UK
- NIHR Mental Health Policy Research Unit, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | | | - Jacki Stansfeld
- Research & Development Department, North East London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Mark Horowitz
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
- Research & Development Department, North East London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Stefan Priebe
- Unit for Social and Community Psychiatry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
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Wallis KA, Donald M, Horowitz M, Moncrieff J, Ware RS, Byrnes J, Thrift K, Cleetus M, Panahi I, Zwar N, Morgan M, Freeman C, Scott I. RELEASE (REdressing Long-tErm Antidepressant uSE): protocol for a 3-arm pragmatic cluster randomised controlled trial effectiveness-implementation hybrid type-1 in general practice. Trials 2023; 24:615. [PMID: 37770893 PMCID: PMC10537226 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-023-07646-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many people experience withdrawal symptoms when they attempt to stop antidepressants. Withdrawal symptoms are readily misconstrued for relapse or ongoing need for medication, contributing to long-term use (> 12 months). Long-term antidepressant use is increasing internationally yet is not recommended for most people. Long-term use is associated with adverse effects including weight gain, sexual dysfunction, lethargy, emotional numbing and increased risk of falls and fractures. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of two multi-strategy interventions (RELEASE and RELEASE+) in supporting the safe cessation of long-term antidepressants, estimate cost-effectiveness, and evaluate implementation strategies. METHODS DESIGN: 3-arm pragmatic cluster randomised controlled trial effectiveness-implementation hybrid type-1. SETTING primary care general practices in southeast Queensland, Australia. POPULATION adults 18 years or older taking antidepressants for longer than 1 year. Practices will be randomised on a 1.5:1:1 ratio of Usual care:RELEASE:RELEASE+. INTERVENTION RELEASE for patients includes evidence-based information and resources and an invitation to medication review; RELEASE for GPs includes education, training and printable resources via practice management software. RELEASE+ includes additional internet support for patients and prescribing support including audit and feedback for GPs. OUTCOME MEASURES the primary outcome is antidepressant use at 12 months self-reported by patients. Cessation is defined as 0 mg antidepressant maintained for at least 2 weeks. SECONDARY OUTCOMES at 6 and 12 months are health-related quality of life, antidepressant side effects, well-being, withdrawal symptoms, emotional numbing, beliefs about antidepressants, depressive symptoms, and anxiety symptoms; and at 12 months 75% reduction in antidepressant dose; aggregated practice level antidepressant prescribing, and health service utilisation for costs. SAMPLE SIZE 653 patients from 28 practices. A concurrent evaluation of implementation will be through mixed methods including interviews with up to 40 patients and primary care general practitioners, brief e-surveys, and study administrative data to assess implementation outcomes (adoption and fidelity). DISCUSSION The RELEASE study will develop new knowledge applicable internationally on the effectiveness, cost-effectiveness, and implementation of two multi-strategy interventions in supporting the safe cessation of long-term antidepressants to improve primary health care and outcomes for patients. TRIAL REGISTRATION ANZCTR, ACTRN12622001379707p. Registered on 27 October 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharine A Wallis
- General Practice Clinical Unit, Medical School, The University of Queensland, Herston, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia.
| | - Maria Donald
- General Practice Clinical Unit, Medical School, The University of Queensland, Herston, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Mark Horowitz
- NHS Foundation Trust, Research and Development Department, London, Northeast London, UK
| | | | - Robert S Ware
- Griffith University, Nathan, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Joshua Byrnes
- Griffith University, Nathan, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Karen Thrift
- General Practice Clinical Unit, Medical School, The University of Queensland, Herston, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - MaryAnne Cleetus
- General Practice Clinical Unit, Medical School, The University of Queensland, Herston, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Idin Panahi
- General Practice Clinical Unit, Medical School, The University of Queensland, Herston, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Nicholas Zwar
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, Robina, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - Mark Morgan
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, Robina, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - Chris Freeman
- The University of Queensland, Herston, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Ian Scott
- The University of Queensland, Herston, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
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Chen DK, Metherel AH, Rezaei K, Parzanini C, Chen CT, Ramsden CE, Horowitz M, Faurot KR, MacIntosh B, Zamora D, Bazinet RP. Analysis of omega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolism by compound-specific isotope analysis in humans. J Lipid Res 2023; 64:100424. [PMID: 37572791 PMCID: PMC10507585 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2023.100424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural variations in the 13C:12C ratio (carbon-13 isotopic abundance [δ13C]) of the food supply have been used to determine the dietary origin and metabolism of fatty acids, especially in the n-3 PUFA biosynthesis pathway. However, n-6 PUFA metabolism following linoleic acid (LNA) intake remains under investigation. Here, we sought to use natural variations in the δ13C signature of dietary oils and fatty fish to analyze n-3 and n-6 PUFA metabolism following dietary changes in LNA and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) + DHA in adult humans. Participants with migraine (aged 38.6 ± 2.3 years, 93% female, body mass index of 27.0 ± 1.1 kg/m2) were randomly assigned to one of three dietary groups for 16 weeks: 1) low omega-3, high omega-6 (H6), 2) high omega-3, high omega-6 (H3H6), or 3) high omega-3, low omega-6 (H3). Blood was collected at baseline, 4, 10, and 16 weeks. Plasma PUFA concentrations and δ13C were determined. The H6 intervention exhibited increases in plasma LNA δ13C signature over time; meanwhile, plasma LNA concentrations were unchanged. No changes in plasma arachidonic acid δ13C or concentration were observed. Participants on the H3H6 and H3 interventions demonstrated increases in plasma EPA and DHA concentration over time. Plasma δ13C-EPA increased in total lipids of the H3 group and phospholipids of the H3H6 group compared with baseline. Compound-specific isotope analysis supports a tracer-free technique that can track metabolism of dietary fatty acids in humans, provided that the isotopic signature of the dietary source is sufficiently different from plasma δ13C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel K Chen
- Temerty Faculty of Medicine, Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Adam H Metherel
- Temerty Faculty of Medicine, Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Kimia Rezaei
- Temerty Faculty of Medicine, Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Camilla Parzanini
- Temerty Faculty of Medicine, Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Chuck T Chen
- Temerty Faculty of Medicine, Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Christopher E Ramsden
- Lipid Peroxidation Unit, Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging and National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mark Horowitz
- Lipid Peroxidation Unit, Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging and National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Keturah R Faurot
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Program on Integrative Medicine, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Beth MacIntosh
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Program on Integrative Medicine, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Metabolic and Nutrition Research Core, UNC Medical Center, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Daisy Zamora
- Lipid Peroxidation Unit, Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging and National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Psychiatry, UNC School of Medicine, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Richard P Bazinet
- Temerty Faculty of Medicine, Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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Ramsden CE, Zamora D, Horowitz M, Jahanipour J, Keyes G, Li X, Murray HC, Curtis MA, Faull RM, Sedlock A, Maric D. ApoER2-Dab1 disruption as the origin of pTau-related neurodegeneration in sporadic Alzheimer's disease. Res Sq 2023:rs.3.rs-2968020. [PMID: 37461602 PMCID: PMC10350181 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2968020/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sporadic Alzheimer's disease (sAD) is not a global brain disease. Specific regions, layers and neurons degenerate early while others remain untouched even in advanced disease. The prevailing model used to explain this selective neurodegeneration-prion-like Tau spread-has key limitations and is not easily integrated with other defining sAD features. Instead, we propose that in humans Tau hyperphosphorylation occurs locally via disruption in ApoER2-Dab1 signaling and thus the presence of ApoER2 in neuronal membranes confers vulnerability to degeneration. Further, we propose that disruption of the Reelin/ApoE/ApoJ-ApoER2-Dab1-P85α-LIMK1-Tau-PSD95 (RAAAD-P-LTP) pathway induces deficits in memory and cognition by impeding neuronal lipoprotein internalization and destabilizing actin, microtubules, and synapses. This new model is based in part on our recent finding that ApoER2-Dab1 disruption is evident in entorhinal-hippocampal terminal zones in sAD. Here, we hypothesized that neurons that degenerate in the earliest stages of sAD (1) strongly express ApoER2 and (2) show evidence of ApoER2-Dab1 disruption through co-accumulation of multiple RAAAD-P-LTP components. METHODS We applied in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry to characterize ApoER2 expression and accumulation of RAAAD-P-LTP components in five regions that are prone to early pTau pathology in 64 rapidly autopsied cases spanning the clinicopathological spectrum of sAD. RESULTS We found that: (1) selectively vulnerable neuron populations strongly express ApoER2; (2) numerous RAAAD-P-LTP pathway components accumulate in neuritic plaques and abnormal neurons; and (3) RAAAD-P-LTP components were higher in MCI and sAD cases and correlated with histological progression and cognitive deficits. Multiplex-IHC revealed that Dab1, pP85αTyr607, pLIMK1Thr508, pTau and pPSD95Thr19 accumulated together within dystrophic dendrites and soma of ApoER2-expressing neurons in the vicinity of ApoE/ApoJ-enriched extracellular plaques. These observations provide evidence for molecular derangements that can be traced back to ApoER2-Dab1 disruption, in each of the sampled regions, layers, and neuron populations that are prone to early pTau pathology. CONCLUSION Findings support the RAAAD-P-LTP hypothesis, a unifying model that implicates dendritic ApoER2-Dab1 disruption as the major driver of both pTau accumulation and neurodegeneration in sAD. This model provides a new conceptual framework to explain why specific neurons degenerate and identifies RAAAD-P-LTP pathway components as potential mechanism-based biomarkers and therapeutic targets for sAD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daisy Zamora
- National Institute on Aging Laboratory of Clinical Investigation
| | - Mark Horowitz
- National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program
| | | | - Gregory Keyes
- National Institute on Aging Laboratory of Clinical Investigation
| | - Xiufeng Li
- National Institute on Aging Laboratory of Clinical Investigation
| | - Helen C Murray
- The University of Auckland Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences
| | - Maurice A Curtis
- The University of Auckland Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences
| | - Richard M Faull
- The University of Auckland Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences
| | - Andrea Sedlock
- NINDS: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke
| | - Dragan Maric
- NINDS: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke
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9
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Shen Q, Yang J, Zamora D, Horowitz M, Faurot KR, MacIntosh BA, Mann JD, Hammock BD, Ramsden CE, Taha AY. Associations between Plasma Lipid Mediators and Chronic Daily Headache Outcomes in Patients Randomized to a Low Linoleic Acid Diet with or without Added Omega-3 Fatty Acids. Metabolites 2023; 13:690. [PMID: 37367848 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13060690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
A previous report showed that 12-week lowering of dietary omega-6 linoleic acid (LA) coupled with increased omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) intake (H3-L6 diet) reduced headache frequency and improved quality of life in patients with chronic daily headaches (CDHs) compared to dietary LA reduction alone (L6 diet). The trial also showed that targeted dietary manipulation alters PUFA-derived lipid mediators and endocannabinoids. However, several additional classes of lipid mediators associated with pain in preclinical models were not measured. The current secondary analysis investigated whether the clinical benefits of the H3-L6 diet were related to changes in plasma unesterified PUFA-derived lipid mediators known to be involved in nociception, including prostanoids. Lipid mediators were measured by ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass-spectrometry. Compared to baseline, dietary LA lowering with or without added omega-3 fatty acids did not alter unesterified n-6 PUFA-derived lipid mediators, although several species derived from LA, di-homo-gamma-linolenic acid, and arachidonic acid were positively associated with headache frequency and intensity, as well as mental health burden. Alpha-linolenic acid (ALA)-derived metabolites were also associated with increased headache frequency and intensity, although they did not change from the baseline in either dietary group. Compared to baseline, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)-derived epoxides were more elevated in the H3-L6 group compared to the L6 group. Diet-induced elevations in plasma DHA-epoxides were associated with reduced headache frequency, better physical and mental health, and improved quality of life (p < 0.05). Prostanoids were not detected, except for PGF2-alpha, which was not associated with any outcomes. This study demonstrates that diet-induced changes in DHA-epoxides were associated with pain reduction in patients with chronic headaches, whereas n-6 PUFA and ALA metabolites were associated with nociception. Lipid mediator associations with mental health and quality of life paralleled pain management outcomes in this population. The findings point to a network of multiple diet-modifiable lipid mediator targets for pain management in individuals with CDHs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Shen
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Entomology and Nematology & UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Daisy Zamora
- Lipid Peroxidation Unit, Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, UNC School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Program on Integrative Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Mark Horowitz
- Lipid Peroxidation Unit, Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Keturah R Faurot
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Program on Integrative Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Beth A MacIntosh
- Nutrition Research and Metabolism Core, North Carolina Translational Clinical Sciences Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - J Douglas Mann
- Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology & UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
- West Coast Metabolomics Center, Genome Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Christopher E Ramsden
- Lipid Peroxidation Unit, Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Program on Integrative Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ameer Y Taha
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
- West Coast Metabolomics Center, Genome Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
- Center for Neuroscience, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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10
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Arunachala Murthy T, Chapple LA, Lange K, Marathe C, Horowitz M, Peake S, Chapman M. Gastrointestinal Dysfunction During Enteral Nutrition Delivery In ICU Patients: Risk Factors, Natural History And Clinical Implications. A Post-Hoc Analysis Of The Target Trial. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2022.09.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2023]
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11
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Cooper RE, Ashman M, Lomani J, Moncrieff J, Guy A, Davies J, Morant N, Horowitz M. "Stabilise-reduce, stabilise-reduce": A survey of the common practices of deprescribing services and recommendations for future services. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0282988. [PMID: 36920968 PMCID: PMC10016688 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0282988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Public Health England recently called for the establishment of services to help people to safely stop prescribed drugs associated with dependence and withdrawal, including benzodiazepines, z-drugs, antidepressants, gabapentinoids and opioids. NICE identified a lack of knowledge about the best model for such service delivery. Therefore, we performed a global survey of existing deprescribing services to identify common practices and inform service development. METHODS We identified existing deprescribing services and interviewed key personnel in these services using an interview co-produced with researchers with lived experience of withdrawal. We summarised the common practices of the services and analysed the interviews using a rapid form of qualitative framework analysis. RESULTS Thirteen deprescribing services were included (8 UK, 5 from other countries). The common practices in the services were: gradual tapering of medications often over more than a year, and reductions made in a broadly hyperbolic manner (smaller reductions as total dose became lower). Reductions were individualised so that withdrawal symptoms remained tolerable, with the patient leading this decision-making in most services. Support and reassurance were provided throughout the process, sometimes by means of telephone support lines. Psychosocial support for the management of underlying conditions (e.g. CBT, counselling) were provided by the service or through referral. Lived experience was often embedded in services through founders, hiring criteria, peer support and sources of information to guide tapering. CONCLUSION We found many common practices across existing deprescribing services around the world. We suggest that these ingredients are included in commissioning guidance of future services and suggest directions for further research to clarify best practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth E. Cooper
- NIHR Mental Health Policy Research Unit, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Faculty of Education, Health and Human Sciences, University of Greenwich, London, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Michael Ashman
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Roehampton, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jo Lomani
- Independent Researcher, United Kingdom
| | - Joanna Moncrieff
- Research & Development Department, Goodmayes Hospital, North East London NHS Foundation Trust, Essex, United Kingdom
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Anne Guy
- All–Party Parliamentary Group for Prescribed Drug Dependence, Secretariat 2016–19, 2020-Present, Westminster, United Kingdom
| | - James Davies
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Roehampton, London, United Kingdom
- All–Party Parliamentary Group for Prescribed Drug Dependence, Secretariat 2015–19, 2020-Present, Westminster, United Kingdom
| | - Nicola Morant
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Horowitz
- Research & Development Department, Goodmayes Hospital, North East London NHS Foundation Trust, Essex, United Kingdom
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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12
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Jørgensen CK, Hermann R, Juul S, Faltermeier P, Horowitz M, Moncrieff J, Gluud C, Jakobsen JC. Melatonin for sleep disorders in children with neurodevelopmental disorders: protocol for a systematic review with meta-analysis and Trial Sequential Analysis of randomised clinical trials. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e065520. [PMID: 36446459 PMCID: PMC9710329 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-065520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Neurodevelopmental disorders are a group of disorders thought to be associated with the functioning of the brain and the nervous system. Children with neurodevelopmental disorders often have sleep-related comorbidities that may negatively affect quality of life for both the children and their families. Melatonin is one of the most used interventions in children with neurodevelopmental disorders and sleep disorders. Previous reviews have investigated the effects of melatonin for sleep disorders in children with neurodevelopmental disorders, but these had important limitations, such as inadequate analysis of adverse effects, small sample sizes and short follow-up. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This is a protocol for a systematic review with meta-analysis and Trial Sequential Analysis of randomised clinical trials. The protocol is reported in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis Protocols. We will search for published and unpublished trials in the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE Ovid, Embase Ovid, LILACS, Science Citation Index Expanded, Conference Proceedings Citation Index-Science, PsycINFO, ClinicalTrials.gov and the International Clinical Trials Registry Platform. We will search the databases from their inception without language restrictions. We will also request clinical study reports from regulatory authorities and pharmaceutical companies. Review authors working in pairs will screen reports, extract data and conduct risk of bias assessments using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. We will include randomised clinical trials comparing melatonin versus placebo or no intervention for sleep disorders in children with neurodevelopmental disorders. Primary outcomes will be total sleep time and adverse effects. Secondary outcomes will be quality of life of the child and caregivers and sleep onset latency. Data will be analysed using random-effects and fixed-effect meta-analyses. Certainty of evidence will be assessed with Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethical approval was not required for this protocol. The systematic review will be published in a peer-reviewed journal. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42022337530.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Kamp Jørgensen
- Copenhagen Trial Unit, Centre for Clinical Intervention Research, Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Regional Health Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Rikke Hermann
- Copenhagen Trial Unit, Centre for Clinical Intervention Research, Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Centre for Children, Youth, and Families, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Sophie Juul
- Copenhagen Trial Unit, Centre for Clinical Intervention Research, Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Pascal Faltermeier
- Copenhagen Trial Unit, Centre for Clinical Intervention Research, Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- MSH Medical School Hamburg, University of Applied Sciences and Medical University, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mark Horowitz
- Research and Development Department, North East London NHS Foundation Trust (NELFT), London, UK
| | - Joanna Moncrieff
- Research and Development Department, North East London NHS Foundation Trust (NELFT), London, UK
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
| | - Christian Gluud
- Copenhagen Trial Unit, Centre for Clinical Intervention Research, Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Regional Health Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Janus Christian Jakobsen
- Copenhagen Trial Unit, Centre for Clinical Intervention Research, Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Regional Health Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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13
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Boland M, Higgins A, Beecher C, Bracken P, Burn W, Cody A, Framer A, Gronlund TA, Horowitz M, Huff C, Jayacodi S, Keating D, Kessler D, Konradsson Geuken A, Lamberson N, Montagu L, Osborne B, Smith R, Cadogan C. Priorities for future research on reducing and stopping psychiatric medicines using a James Lind Alliance priority setting partnership: The PROTECT study protocol. HRB Open Res 2022; 5:72. [PMID: 37636245 PMCID: PMC10450262 DOI: 10.12688/hrbopenres.13649.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: There is a growing number of service users looking to discontinue use of psychiatric medicines. Tapering is the recommended approach for reducing and/or discontinuing the use of psychiatric medicines. This involves gradually reducing the dose over time to minimise the potential for withdrawal symptoms. However, many uncertainties exist regarding the process of reducing and stopping psychiatric medicines. This study will use a James Lind Alliance Priority Setting Partnership to determine the Top 10 unanswered questions and uncertainties about reducing and stopping psychiatric medicines. Methods : The Priority Setting Partnership will be conducted using the James Lind Alliance methodology. It will involve seven stages: (i) creating an international Steering Group of representatives from key stakeholder groups that will include people with lived experience of taking and/or stopping psychiatric medicines, family members, carers/supporters and healthcare professionals, and identifying potential partners to support key activities (e.g. dissemination); (ii) gathering uncertainties about reducing and stopping psychiatric medicines from key stakeholders using an online survey; (iii) data processing and summarising the survey responses; (iv) checking the summary questions against existing evidence and verifying uncertainties; (v) shortlisting the questions using a second online survey; (vi) determining the Top 10 research questions through an online prioritisation workshop; (vii) disseminating results. Conclusions : This study will use a Priority Setting Partnership to generate a Top 10 list of research questions and uncertainties about reducing and stopping psychiatric medicines. This list will help to guide future research and deliver responsive and strategic allocation of research resources, with a view to ultimately improving the future health and well-being of individuals who are taking psychiatric medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Boland
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Agnes Higgins
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Claire Beecher
- Evidence Synthesis Ireland and Cochrane Ireland, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Pat Bracken
- Independent Consultant Psychiatrist, West Cork, Ireland
| | - Wendy Burn
- Past President of, Royal College of Psychiatrists, England, UK
- Consultant Psychiatrist, Leeds and York Partnership NHS Foundation Trust, England, UK
| | - Anne Cody
- Health Research Board, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | | | - Mark Horowitz
- Research and Development Department, Goodmayes Hospital, North East London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | | | | | - David Kessler
- Centre for Academic Mental Health, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, England, UK
| | - Asa Konradsson Geuken
- Section of Neuropharmacology and Addiction Research, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Sweden, Sweden
- European Federation of Associations of Families of People with Mental Illness, Belgium, Belgium
| | - Nicole Lamberson
- Benzodiazepine Information Coalition, Utah, USA
- International Institute for Psychiatric Drug Withdrawal, United Kingdom, UK
- Inner Compass Initiative's The Withdrawal Project, United States, USA
| | - Luke Montagu
- Council for Evidence-based Psychiatry, United Kingdom, UK
| | - Brian Osborne
- Irish College of General Practitioners, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Cathal Cadogan
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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14
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Moncrieff J, Horowitz M. Why it is important to discuss what antidepressants do. BMJ 2022; 379:o2350. [PMID: 36191931 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.o2350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Moncrieff
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, Maple House, London W1T 7NF, UK
| | - Mark Horowitz
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, Maple House, London W1T 7NF, UK
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15
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Shumaker AD, Harel M, Gitlin J, Friedman SC, Dyer L, Freyle J, Zelkovic PF, Horowitz M, Fine RG, Schlussel RN. Pediatric Bladder Tumors: A Ten-Year Retrospective Analysis. Urology 2022; 169:185-190. [PMID: 35970356 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2022.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To present our experience in a single pediatric urology practice over a ten-year period with bladder tumors in the pediatric population in an effort to add to the relatively small amount of existing data. We hope to expand the community's knowledge of presentations, management and natural history of pediatric bladder tumors. METHODS We retrospectively queried our electronic medical records for ICD-10 and CPT codes relevant for bladder tumors. Patients with underlying bladder pathology, such as neurogenic bladder, history of bladder exstrophy, and history of bladder augmentation, were excluded. RESULTS We identified 30 patients with bladder tumors from 2011 to 2021. There were 21 males and 9 females. Age at diagnosis ranged from 16 months to 19 years. Tumors identified were: 11 of various inflammatory subtypes; 4 papillomas; 4 rhabdomyosarcomas; 3 papillary urothelial neoplasms of low malignant potential (PUNLMP) and 8 of other types. Treatment included transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT), chemoradiation and laparoscopic partial cystectomy. 29 patients had disease limited to the bladder and 1 had disease outside the bladder. Follow-up ranged from 2 weeks to 13 years (median 19 months). All patients had no evidence of disease at most recent follow-up. CONCLUSION Pediatric bladder tumors range from aggressive rhabdomyosarcomas to more benign urothelial lesions. Fortunately, the latter type of tumor is the more prevalent lesion. Knowledge of the treatment options and natural history of these tumors will hopefully be of benefit to clinicians and parents alike.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Miriam Harel
- Pediatric Urology Associates, P.C. Tarrytown, NY, USA
| | - Jordan Gitlin
- Pediatric Urology Associates, P.C. Tarrytown, NY, USA
| | | | - Lori Dyer
- Pediatric Urology Associates, P.C. Tarrytown, NY, USA
| | - Jaime Freyle
- Pediatric Urology Associates, P.C. Tarrytown, NY, USA
| | | | - Mark Horowitz
- Pediatric Urology Associates, P.C. Tarrytown, NY, USA
| | - Ronnie G Fine
- Pediatric Urology Associates, P.C. Tarrytown, NY, USA
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16
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Moncrieff
- Professor of Critical and Social Psychiatry, University College London, UK
| | - Mark Horowitz
- Clinical Research Fellow, University College London, UK.
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17
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Heres S, Cordes J, Feyerabend S, Schmidt-Kraepelin C, Musil R, Riedel M, Spellmann I, Langguth B, Landgrebe M, Fran E, Petcu C C, Hahn E, Ta TMT, Matei V, Dehelean L, Papava I, Leweke FM, van der List T, Tamasan SC, Lang FU, Naber D, Ruhrmann S, Wolff-Menzler C, Juckel G, Ladea M, Stefanescu C, Lautenschlager M, Bauer M, Zamora D, Horowitz M, Davis JM, Leucht S. Changing the Antipsychotic in Early Nonimprovers to Amisulpride or Olanzapine: Randomized, Double-Blind Trial in Patients With Schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull 2022; 48:1273-1283. [PMID: 35857811 PMCID: PMC9673269 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbac068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESIS Meta-analyses have shown that the majority of patients with schizophrenia who have not improved after 2 weeks of treatment with an antipsychotic drug are unlikely to fully respond later. We hypothesized that switching to another antipsychotic with a different receptor binding profile is an effective strategy in such a situation. STUDY DESIGN In total, 327 inpatients with an acute exacerbation of schizophrenia were randomized to double-blind treatment with either olanzapine (5-20 mg/day) or amisulpride (200-800 mg/day). Those patients who had not reached at least 25% Positive-and-Negative-Syndrome-Scale (PANSS) total score reduction from baseline after 2 weeks (the "non-improvers") were rerandomized double-blind to either staying on the same compound ("stayers") or to switching to the other antipsychotic ("switchers") for another 6 weeks. The primary outcome was the difference in the number of patients in symptomatic remission between the combined "switchers" and the "stayers" after 8 weeks of treatment, analyzed by logistic regression. STUDY RESULTS A total of 142 nonimprovers were rerandomized at week two. 25 (45.5 %) of the 'stayers' compared to 41 (68.3 %) of the "switchers" reached remission at endpoint (p = .006). Differences in secondary efficacy outcomes were not significant, except for the PANSS negative subscore and the Clinical-Global-Impression-Scale. "Switchers" and "stayers" did not differ in safety outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Switching "non-improvers" from amisulpride to olanzapine or vice-versa increased remission rates and was safe. The superiority in the primary outcome was, however, not paralleled by significant differences in most secondary efficacy outcomes and the effect was only apparent at the last visit making replications of longer duration necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Heres
- To whom correspondence should be addressed; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine Kbo-Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie Nord, Schwabing, kbo-Tagesklinik und Institutsambulanz Nord des Isar-Amper-Klinikums München Ost Kölner Platz 1, Haus 7 80804 Munich, Germany, tel: 49 (0) 89 412 006 158, fax: 49 (0) 89 412 006 172, e-mail:
| | - Joachim Cordes
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, LVR-Clinic Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Duesseldorf NW, Germany,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Kaiserswerther Diakonie, Florence Nightingale Hospital, Düsseldorf NW, Germany
| | - Sandra Feyerabend
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, LVR-Clinic Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Duesseldorf NW, Germany,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Kaiserswerther Diakonie, Florence Nightingale Hospital, Düsseldorf NW, Germany
| | - Christian Schmidt-Kraepelin
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, LVR-Clinic Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Duesseldorf NW, Germany,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Kaiserswerther Diakonie, Florence Nightingale Hospital, Düsseldorf NW, Germany
| | - Richard Musil
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Riedel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, Munich, Germany,Marion von Tessin Memory-Zentrum GmbH, Munich BY, Germany
| | - Ilja Spellmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, Munich, Germany,Klinikum Stuttgart, Zentrum für Seelische Gesundheit, Stuttgart BW, Germany
| | - Berthold Langguth
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Regensburg, Regensburg BY, Germany
| | - Michael Landgrebe
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Regensburg, Regensburg BY, Germany,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, kbo Lech-Mangfall-Hospital Agatharied, St.-Agatha-Str. 1a, 83734 Hausham BY, Germany
| | - Elmar Fran
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Regensburg, Regensburg BY, Germany
| | - Camelia Petcu C
- Psychiatry Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy ”Carol Davila” Bucharest, ”Prof. Dr. Alexandru Obregia” Psychiatric Hospital, Berceni Str 10-12, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Eric Hahn
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tam M T Ta
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Valentin Matei
- Psychiatry Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy ”Carol Davila” Bucharest, ”Prof. Dr. Alexandru Obregia” Psychiatric Hospital, Berceni Str 10-12, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Liana Dehelean
- Department of Neurosciences-Psychiatry, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara TS, Romania,Centre for Cognitive Research in Neuropsychiatric Pathology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara TS, Romania,Center for Translational Research, and Systems Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara TS, Romania,Center for Studies in Preventive Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara TS, Romania
| | - Ion Papava
- Department of Neurosciences-Psychiatry, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara TS, Romania,Centre for Cognitive Research in Neuropsychiatric Pathology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara TS, Romania
| | - F Markus Leweke
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, 94 Mallet St, Camperdown NSW 2050, Sydney, Australia,Central Institute of Mental Health, Heidelberg University I5, 68159 Mannheim BW, Germany
| | - Till van der List
- Central Institute of Mental Health, Heidelberg University I5, 68159 Mannheim BW, Germany,Practise for Psychiatry and Psychotherapie Nowackanlage 15, 76137 Karlsruhe BW, Germany
| | - Simona C Tamasan
- Liaison Psychiatry, “Pius Branzeu” County Emergency Hospital, Timisoara TS, Romania
| | - Fabian U Lang
- Department of Psychiatry II, Ulm University, Ulm BW, Germany
| | - Dieter Naber
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stephan Ruhrmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, University of Cologne, Cologne NW, Germany
| | - Claus Wolff-Menzler
- Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Georg Juckel
- Department of Psychiatry, LWL University Hospital, Psychotherapy and Preventive Medicine Ruhr University, Bochum, Germany
| | - Maria Ladea
- DMU IMPACT (Departement Medico-Universitaire de Psychiatrie et d'Addictologie) Groupe Hospitalier Henri MONDOR, Créteil, France
| | | | - Marion Lautenschlager
- ZfP Südwürttemberg, Bad Schussenried, Germany,Charité University Medicine, Campus Mitte, Berlin BE, Germany
| | - Michael Bauer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universitaet Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Daisy Zamora
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, Germany,Department of Psychiatry, UNC School of Medicine, 321 S Columbia St, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Mark Horowitz
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - John M Davis
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Stefan Leucht
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, Germany
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Faurot K, Horowitz M, Ramsden C, Mann J, Zamora D. Effect of Dietary Fatty Acids on Sleep and Stress Among Adults With Migraine: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial. Curr Dev Nutr 2022. [PMCID: PMC9194312 DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzac066.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To determine whether dietary interventions that reduce headache also improve sleep and stress in adults with migraine. Methods We conducted a 16-week, three arm, parallel group, randomized, modified double blind, controlled trial in North Carolina. Participants were 182 adults (88% women, mean age 38y) with migraines on 5–20 days per month. The 3 diets were designed with EPA, DHA, and linoleic acid altered as controlled variables: H3 diet (n = 61)—increase EPA + DHA to 1.5 g/day and maintain linoleic acid at around 7% of energy; H3L6 diet (n = 61)—increase n-3 EPA + DHA to 1.5 g/day and decrease linoleic acid to ≤ 1.8% of energy; control diet (n = 60)—maintain EPA + DHA at <150 mg/day and linoleic acid at around 7% of energy. Sleep quality, stress rating, and the number of headache hours per day were pre-specified endpoints assessed daily with an electronic diary. Sleep quality was rated on a 1–4 scale, with higher score indicating better quality. Stress was rated on a 0–10 scale, with higher score indicating more stress. Longitudinal mixed models were used to estimate between-group differences at end of study. Mediation analyses examining headache hours as a mediator (paramed command in Stata 17) controlled for baseline BMI, age, sex, headache hours, and baseline values of the respective outcome. Results At baseline, mean sleep quality was 2.5 (SD 0.5) and stress rating was 3.0 (SD 1.6). In intention-to-treat analyses, the H3L6 group significantly increased sleep quality and reduced stress level relative to the control group (difference 0.2, 95% confidence interval 0.05 to 0.3; −0.6, −0.9 to −0.3, respectively). There was a similar trend in the H3 vs. control group, although only statistically significant for increased sleep quality (0.1, 0.02 to 0.2) but not for reduced stress rating (−0.3, −0.6 to 0.02). In mediation analyses, the reduction in headache hours per day explained ∼60% of the effect of the combined interventions on sleep quality (natural indirect effect = 0.09, p = 0.006). For stress, the reduction in headache hours per day explained ∼45% of the effect of the combined interventions (natural indirect effect = −0.14, p = 0.078). Conclusions The H3L6 intervention improved sleep quality and decreased stress. Findings suggest that these improvements occurred partially as a result of headache reduction. Funding Sources NCCIH.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - John Mann
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
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19
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Hajishafiee M, McVeay C, Lange K, Rehfeld JF, Horowitz M, Feinle-Bisset C. Effects of intraduodenal infusion of lauric acid and L-tryptophan, alone and combined, on glucoregulatory hormones, gastric emptying and glycaemia in healthy men. Metabolism 2022; 129:155140. [PMID: 35065080 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2022.155140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM In healthy men, intraduodenal administration of the fatty acid, lauric acid ('C12') and the amino acid, L-tryptophan ('TRP'), at loads that individually do not affect energy intake, reduce energy intake substantially when combined. C12 and TRP may also stimulate cholecystokinin and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), which both slow gastric emptying, a key determinant of postprandial blood glucose. Accordingly, combination of C12 and TRP has the potential to reduce post-meal glycaemia more than either nutrient alone. METHODS Twelve healthy, lean men (age (mean ± SD): 28 ± 7 years) received, on 4 separate occasions, 45-min intraduodenal infusions of C12 (0.3 kcal/min), TRP (0.1 kcal/min), C12 + TRP (0.4 kcal/min), or 0.9% saline (control), in a randomised, double-blind fashion. 30 min after commencement of the infusion a mixed-nutrient drink was consumed and gastric emptying measured (13C breath-test) for 3 h. Blood samples were obtained at baseline, in response to treatments alone, and for 2 h post-drink for measurements of plasma glucose, cholecystokinin, GLP-1, C-peptide, insulin and glucagon. 'Early' (first 30 min) and 'overall' glycaemic and hormone responses were evaluated. RESULTS C12 + TRP and C12 delayed the rise in, but did not affect the overall glycaemic response to the drink, compared with control and TRP (all P < 0.05). C12 + TRP slowed gastric emptying compared with control and TRP (both P < 0.005), and C12 non-significantly slowed gastric emptying compared with control (P = 0.090). C12 + TRP and C12 delayed the rise in C-peptide and insulin, and also stimulated CCK and glucagon, compared with control and TRP (all P < 0.05). Only C12 + TRP stimulated early and overall GLP-1 compared with control (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS In healthy men, C12 + TRP and C12, in the loads administered, had comparable effects to delay the rise in glucose following a nutrient drink, probably primarily by slowing of gastric emptying, as a result of CCK and GLP-1 stimulation, while TRP had no effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hajishafiee
- Adelaide Medical School and Centre of Research Excellence in Translating Nutritional Science to Good Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - C McVeay
- Adelaide Medical School and Centre of Research Excellence in Translating Nutritional Science to Good Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - K Lange
- Adelaide Medical School and Centre of Research Excellence in Translating Nutritional Science to Good Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - J F Rehfeld
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - M Horowitz
- Adelaide Medical School and Centre of Research Excellence in Translating Nutritional Science to Good Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia; Endocrine and Metabolic Unit, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia
| | - C Feinle-Bisset
- Adelaide Medical School and Centre of Research Excellence in Translating Nutritional Science to Good Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.
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Ang B, Horowitz M, Moncrieff J. Is the chemical imbalance an ‘urban legend’? An exploration of the status of the serotonin theory of depression in the academic literature. SSM - Mental Health 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmmh.2022.100098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
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21
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Abstract
In England, the prescribing of antidepressants, primarily the newer generation antidepressant classes, has steadily increased over recent years. There is ongoing debate about how the efficacy of these drugs is viewed, their place in therapy and the harms associated with stopping them. Much of the evidence of their efficacy comes from short-term placebo-controlled trials which tend not to include outcomes that are of greatest relevance to patients, such as social functioning or quality of life, but rather restrict outcomes narrowly to symptom measures. On such measures these studies do not demonstrate clinically significant differences from placebo for depression. A range of adverse effects are also recognised, often greater in naturalistic studies of long-term antidepressants users than those measured in short-term efficacy studies, including emotional numbing, sexual difficulties, fatigue and weight gain. There is increasing recognition that withdrawal symptoms from antidepressants are common and that these symptoms can be severe and long-lasting in some patients. Recent guidance on how to stop antidepressants in a tolerable way has been presented by the Royal College of Psychiatrists. We believe that increasing awareness about the difficulty that some patients have in stopping antidepressants should lead to more cautious prescribing practice, with antidepressants given to fewer patients and for shorter periods of time. This article discusses the perceived benefits and harms of antidepressant use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Horowitz
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
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22
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Horowitz
- Clinical Research Fellow, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Joanna Moncrieff
- Professor of Critical and Social Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
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Blackman G, Oloyede E, Horowitz M, Harland R, Taylor D, MacCabe J, McGuire P. Reducing the Risk of Withdrawal Symptoms and Relapse Following Clozapine Discontinuation-Is It Feasible to Develop Evidence-Based Guidelines? Schizophr Bull 2021; 48:176-189. [PMID: 34651184 PMCID: PMC8781383 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbab103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Clozapine is the only antipsychotic that is effective in treatment-resistant schizophrenia. However, in certain clinical situations, such as the emergence of serious adverse effects, it is necessary to discontinue clozapine. Stopping clozapine treatment poses a particular challenge due to the risk of psychotic relapse, as well as the development of withdrawal symptoms. Despite these challenges for the clinician, there is currently no formal guidance on how to safely to discontinue clozapine. We assessed the feasibility of developing evidence-based recommendations for (1) minimizing the risk of withdrawal symptoms, (2) managing withdrawal phenomena, and (3) commencing alternatives treatment when clozapine is discontinued. We then evaluated the recommendations against the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation (AGREE) II criteria. We produced 19 recommendations. The majority of these recommendation were evidence-based, although the strength of some recommendations was limited by a reliance of studies of medium to low quality. We discuss next steps in the refinement and validation of an evidence-based guideline for stopping clozapine and identify key outstanding questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graham Blackman
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK,Psychosis Clinical Academic Group, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK,To whom correspondence should be addressed; Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK; tel: 44-20-7848-5228, fax: 44-20-7848-0976, e-mail:
| | - Ebenezer Oloyede
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK,Psychosis Clinical Academic Group, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK,Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Mark Horowitz
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK,North East London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Robert Harland
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK,Psychosis Clinical Academic Group, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - David Taylor
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - James MacCabe
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK,Psychosis Clinical Academic Group, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Philip McGuire
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK,Psychosis Clinical Academic Group, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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24
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Jalleh RJ, Marathe CS, Jones KL, Horowitz M, Rayner CK. Digesting the pathogenesis of diabetic gastroparesis. J Diabetes Complications 2021; 35:107992. [PMID: 34389236 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2021.107992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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25
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Davis J, Zamora D, Horowitz M, Leucht S. Evaluating pimavanserin as a treatment for psychiatric disorders: A pharmacological property in search of an indication. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2021; 22:1651-1660. [PMID: 34404290 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2021.1942455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Pimavanserin is FDA-approved to treat hallucinations and delusions associated with Parkinson's disease psychosis. As a potent 5-HT2A inverse agonist/antagonist, it could be efficacious in other psychiatric disorders. Recently, several studies have investigated this potential.Areas covered: The authors review the efficacy and adverse effects of pimavanserin for hallucinations in dementia, major depression, and schizophrenia.Expert opinion: Two controlled studies suggest pimavanserin has potential as a treatment for hallucinations in dementia. In patients with depression who did not respond to antidepressant treatment, pimavanserin augmentation was efficacious in a phase 2 study. Pimavanserin augmentation also alleviated sexual side effects of SSRI and SSNI. However, Acadia Pharmaceuticals stated in a press release that it does not plan further antidepressant trials based on its phase 3 trial, which showed a nonsignificant trend toward an antidepressant effect. Since almost all existing antipsychotics fail to substantially benefit negative symptoms, better treatments are needed. Pimavanserin augmentation of antipsychotics did benefit negative symptoms (effect size≈0.2) but failed to reduce the total PANSS score significantly in two large, well-controlled double-blind studies. Pimavanserin has a good safety profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Davis
- School of Public Health/Psychiatric Institute (SPHPI), University of Illinois-Chicago, Chicago
| | - Daisy Zamora
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Mark Horowitz
- School of Public Health/Psychiatric Institute (SPHPI), University of Illinois-Chicago, Chicago
| | - Stefan Leucht
- Deputy Director Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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26
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Ramsden CE, Zamora D, Faurot KR, MacIntosh B, Horowitz M, Keyes GS, Yuan ZX, Miller V, Lynch C, Honvoh G, Park J, Levy R, Domenichiello AF, Johnston A, Majchrzak-Hong S, Hibbeln JR, Barrow DA, Loewke J, Davis JM, Mannes A, Palsson OS, Suchindran CM, Gaylord SA, Mann JD. Dietary alteration of n-3 and n-6 fatty acids for headache reduction in adults with migraine: randomized controlled trial. BMJ 2021; 374:n1448. [PMID: 34526307 PMCID: PMC8244542 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.n1448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether dietary interventions that increase n-3 fatty acids with and without reduction in n-6 linoleic acid can alter circulating lipid mediators implicated in headache pathogenesis, and decrease headache in adults with migraine. DESIGN Three arm, parallel group, randomized, modified double blind, controlled trial. SETTING Ambulatory, academic medical center in the United States over 16 weeks. PARTICIPANTS 182 participants (88% women, mean age 38 years) with migraines on 5-20 days per month (67% met criteria for chronic migraine). INTERVENTIONS Three diets designed with eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and linoleic acid altered as controlled variables: H3 diet (n=61)-increase EPA+DHA to 1.5 g/day and maintain linoleic acid at around 7% of energy; H3-L6 diet (n=61)-increase n-3 EPA+DHA to 1.5 g/day and decrease linoleic acid to ≤1.8% of energy; control diet (n=60)-maintain EPA+DHA at <150 mg/day and linoleic acid at around 7% of energy. All participants received foods accounting for two thirds of daily food energy and continued usual care. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The primary endpoints (week 16) were the antinociceptive mediator 17-hydroxydocosahexaenoic acid (17-HDHA) in blood and the headache impact test (HIT-6), a six item questionnaire assessing headache impact on quality of life. Headache frequency was assessed daily with an electronic diary. RESULTS In intention-to-treat analyses (n=182), the H3-L6 and H3 diets increased circulating 17-HDHA (log ng/mL) compared with the control diet (baseline-adjusted mean difference 0.6, 95% confidence interval 0.2 to 0.9; 0.7, 0.4 to 1.1, respectively). The observed improvement in HIT-6 scores in the H3-L6 and H3 groups was not statistically significant (-1.6, -4.2 to 1.0, and -1.5, -4.2 to 1.2, respectively). Compared with the control diet, the H3-L6 and H3 diets decreased total headache hours per day (-1.7, -2.5 to -0.9, and -1.3, -2.1 to -0.5, respectively), moderate to severe headache hours per day (-0.8, -1.2 to -0.4, and -0.7, -1.1 to -0.3, respectively), and headache days per month (-4.0, -5.2 to -2.7, and -2.0, -3.3 to -0.7, respectively). The H3-L6 diet decreased headache days per month more than the H3 diet (-2.0, -3.2 to -0.8), suggesting additional benefit from lowering dietary linoleic acid. The H3-L6 and H3 diets altered n-3 and n-6 fatty acids and several of their nociceptive oxylipin derivatives in plasma, serum, erythrocytes or immune cells, but did not alter classic headache mediators calcitonin gene related peptide and prostaglandin E2. CONCLUSIONS The H3-L6 and H3 interventions altered bioactive mediators implicated in headache pathogenesis and decreased frequency and severity of headaches, but did not significantly improve quality of life. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02012790.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher E Ramsden
- Lipid Peroxidation Unit, Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Intramural Program of the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, UNC School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Daisy Zamora
- Lipid Peroxidation Unit, Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, UNC School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Keturah R Faurot
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, UNC School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Beth MacIntosh
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, UNC School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Metabolic and Nutrition Research Core, UNC Medical Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Mark Horowitz
- Lipid Peroxidation Unit, Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Gregory S Keyes
- Lipid Peroxidation Unit, Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Zhi-Xin Yuan
- Lipid Peroxidation Unit, Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Vanessa Miller
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, UNC School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Chanee Lynch
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, UNC School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Gilson Honvoh
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, UNC School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Medicine, UNC School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jinyoung Park
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, UNC School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Russell Levy
- Cytokine Analysis Core, UNC Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Anthony F Domenichiello
- Lipid Peroxidation Unit, Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Angela Johnston
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, UNC School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Sharon Majchrzak-Hong
- Intramural Program of the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Joseph R Hibbeln
- Intramural Program of the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - David A Barrow
- Cytokine Analysis Core, UNC Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - James Loewke
- Intramural Program of the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - John M Davis
- Department of Psychiatry, UNC School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Andrew Mannes
- Department of Perioperative Medicine, NIH Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Olafur S Palsson
- Department of Medicine, UNC School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Chirayath M Suchindran
- Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Susan A Gaylord
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, UNC School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - J Douglas Mann
- Department of Neurology, UNC School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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27
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MacIntosh BA, Ramsden CE, Honvoh G, Faurot KR, Palsson OS, Johnston AD, Lynch C, Anderson P, Igudesman D, Zamora D, Horowitz M, Gaylord S, Mann JD. Methodology for altering omega-3 EPA+DHA and omega-6 linoleic acid as controlled variables in a dietary trial. Clin Nutr 2021; 40:3859-3867. [PMID: 34130033 PMCID: PMC8293619 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2021.04.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Increasing dietary intake of n-3 EPA+DHA and lowering dietary n-6 LA is under investigation as a therapeutic diet for improving chronic pain syndromes as well as other health outcomes. Herein we describe the diet methodology used to modulate intake of n-3 and n-6 PUFA in a free living migraine headache population and report on nutrient intake, BMI and diet acceptability achieved at week 16 of the intensive diet intervention and week 22 follow-up time-point. METHODS A total of 178 participants were randomized and began one of three diet interventions: 1) a high n-3 PUFA, average n-6 PUFA (H3) diet targeting 1500 mg EPA+DHA/day and 7% of energy (en%) from n-6 linoleic acid (LA), 2) a high-n-3 PUFA, low-n-6 PUFA (H3L6) targeting 1500 mg EPA+DHA/day and <1.8 en% n-6 LA or 3) a Control diet with typical American intakes of both EPA+DHA (<150 mg/day) and 7 en% from n-6 LA. Methods used to achieve diet change to week 16 include diet education, diet counseling, supply of specially prepared foods, self-monitoring and access to online diet materials. Only study oils and website materials were provided for the follow-up week 16 to week 22 periods. Diet adherence was assessed by multiple 24 h recalls administered throughout the trial. Diet acceptability was assessed in a subset of participants at 4 time points by questionnaire. RESULTS At week 16 H3 and H3L6 diet groups significantly increased median n-3 EPA+DHA intake from 48 mg/2000 kcals at baseline to 1484 mg/2000 kcals (p < 0.0001) and from 44 mg/2000 kcals to 1341 mg/2000 kcals (p < 0.0001), respectively. In the Control group, EPA+DHA intake remained below the typical American intake with baseline median at 60 mg/2000 kcals and 80 mg/2000 kcals (p = 0.6) at week 16. As desired, LA intake was maintained in the H3 and Control group with baseline median of 6.5 en% to 7.1 en% (p = 0.4) at week 16 and from 6.5 en% to 6.8 en% (p = 1.0) at week 16, respectively. In the H3L6 group, n-6 LA decreased from 6.3 en% at baseline to 3.2 en% (p < 0.0001) at week 16. There were no significant changes in BMI or diet acceptability throughout the trial or between diet groups. CONCLUSIONS We find this diet method to be acceptable to research participants and successful in altering dietary n-3 EPA+DHA with and without concurrent decreases in n-6 LA. If n-6 LA of less than 3 en% is desired, additional techniques to limit LA may need to be employed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beth A MacIntosh
- Metabolic and Nutrition Research Core, UNC Medical Center, 102 Mason Farm Rd., CB#7777, NC, 27599, USA.
| | - Christopher E Ramsden
- Lipid Peroxidation Unit, Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD, USA; Intramural Program of the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Gilson Honvoh
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Global Public Health, Program on Integrative Medicine, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Keturah R Faurot
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Olafur S Palsson
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Angela D Johnston
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Chanee Lynch
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Paula Anderson
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Daria Igudesman
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Daisy Zamora
- Department of Psychiatry, UNC School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Lipid Peroxidation Unit, Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mark Horowitz
- Lipid Peroxidation Unit, Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Susan Gaylord
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - John D Mann
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Guy A, Brown M, Lewis S, Horowitz M. The 'patient voice': patients who experience antidepressant withdrawal symptoms are often dismissed, or misdiagnosed with relapse, or a new medical condition. Ther Adv Psychopharmacol 2020; 10:2045125320967183. [PMID: 33224468 PMCID: PMC7659022 DOI: 10.1177/2045125320967183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stopping antidepressants commonly causes withdrawal symptoms, which can be severe and long-lasting. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidance has been recently updated to reflect this; however, for many years withdrawal (discontinuation) symptoms were characterised as 'usually mild and self-limiting over a week'. Consequently, withdrawal symptoms might have been misdiagnosed as relapse of an underlying condition, or new onset of another medical illness, but this has never been studied. METHOD This paper outlines the themes emerging from 158 respondents to an open invitation to describe the experience of prescribed psychotropic medication withdrawal for petitions sent to British parliaments. The accounts include polypharmacy (mostly antidepressants and benzodiazepines) but we focus on antidepressants because of the relative lack of awareness about their withdrawal effects compared with benzodiazepines. Mixed method analysis was used, including a 'lean thinking' approach to evaluate common failure points. RESULTS The themes identified include: a lack of information given to patients about the risk of antidepressant withdrawal; doctors failing to recognise the symptoms of withdrawal; doctors being poorly informed about the best method of tapering prescribed medications; patients being diagnosed with relapse of the underlying condition or medical illnesses other than withdrawal; patients seeking advice outside of mainstream healthcare, including from online forums; and significant effects on functioning for those experiencing withdrawal. DISCUSSION Several points for improvement emerge: the need for updating of guidelines to help prescribers recognise antidepressant withdrawal symptoms and to improve informed consent processes; greater availability of non-pharmacological options for managing distress; greater availability of best practice for tapering medications such as antidepressants; and the vital importance of patient feedback. Although the patients captured in this analysis might represent medication withdrawal experiences that are more severe than average, they highlight the current inadequacy of health care systems to recognise and manage prescribed drug withdrawal, and patient feedback in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Guy
- Psychotherapist, Secretariat Co-ordinator for the All-Party Parliamentary Group for Prescribed Drug Dependence, Basingstoke, Hampshire, UK
| | - Marion Brown
- Retired Psychotherapist and Co-Founder of a Patient Support Group ‘Recovery and Renewal’, Helensburgh, UK
| | - Stevie Lewis
- Lived Experience of Prescribed Drug Dependence, Cardiff, UK
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Freudenthal
- Barnet Enfield Haringey NHS Mental Health Trust, St Ann's Hospital, London, UK; University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
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Braddock D, Kavanagh D, Oheim R, Zimmerman K, Kroge SV, Stabach P, Tommasini S, Levine M, Carpenter T, Horowitz M. Enpp1 enzyme replacement restores bone mass in murine model of Enpp1 associated osteoporosis. Bone Rep 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bonr.2020.100623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Mreisat A, Kanaani H, Saada A, Horowitz M. Heat acclimation mediated cardioprotection is controlled by mitochondrial metabolic remodeling involving HIF-1α. J Therm Biol 2020; 93:102691. [PMID: 33077115 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2020.102691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Heat acclimation (HA) induces metabolic plasticity to resist the effects of environmental heat with cross-tolerance to novel stressors such as oxygen supply perturbations, exercise, and alike. Our previous results indicated that hypoxia inducible transcription factor (HIF-1α) contributes to this adaptive process. In the present study, we link functional studies in isolated cardiomyocytes, with molecular and biochemical studies of cardiac mitochondria and demonstrate that HA remodels mitochondrial metabolism and performance. We observed the significant role that HIF-1α plays in the HA heart, as HA reduces oxidative stress during ischemia by shifting mitochondrial substrate preference towards pyruvate, with elevated level and activity of mitochondrial LDH (LDHb), acting a pivotal role. Increased antioxidative capacity to encounter hazards is implicated. These results deepen our understanding of heat acclimation-mediated cross tolerance (HACT), in which adaptive bioenergetic-mechanisms counteract the hazards of oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mreisat
- Laboratory of Environmental Physiology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
| | - H Kanaani
- Laboratory of Environmental Physiology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
| | - A Saada
- Department of Genetics, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel; Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel.
| | - M Horowitz
- Laboratory of Environmental Physiology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel.
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Cooper RE, Grünwald LM, Horowitz M. The case for including antipsychotics in the UK NICE guideline: “Medicines associated with dependence or withdrawal symptoms: safe prescribing and withdrawal management for adults”. Psychosis 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2020.1722734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. E. Cooper
- Newham Centre for Mental Health, Unit for Social and Community Psychiatry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- Newham Centre for Mental Health, East London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - L. M. Grünwald
- Research & Development Department, Goodmayes Hospital, North East London NHS Foundation Trust, Essex, UK
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
| | - M. Horowitz
- Research & Development Department, Goodmayes Hospital, North East London NHS Foundation Trust, Essex, UK
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
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Hefetz I, Einot N, Faerman M, Horowitz M, Almog J. Touch DNA: The effect of the deposition pressure on the quality of latent fingermarks and STR profiles. Forensic Sci Int Genet 2019; 38:105-112. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fsigen.2018.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Revised: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Xiong J, Ren J, Luo L, Horowitz M. Mapping Histological Slice Sequences to the Allen Mouse Brain Atlas Without 3D Reconstruction. Front Neuroinform 2018; 12:93. [PMID: 30618698 PMCID: PMC6297281 DOI: 10.3389/fninf.2018.00093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Histological brain slices are widely used in neuroscience to study the anatomical organization of neural circuits. Systematic and accurate comparisons of anatomical data from multiple brains, especially from different studies, can benefit tremendously from registering histological slices onto a common reference atlas. Most existing methods rely on an initial reconstruction of the volume before registering it to a reference atlas. Because these slices are prone to distortions during the sectioning process and often sectioned with non-standard angles, reconstruction is challenging and often inaccurate. Here we describe a framework that maps each slice to its corresponding plane in the Allen Mouse Brain Atlas (2015) to build a plane-wise mapping and then perform 2D nonrigid registration to build a pixel-wise mapping. We use the L2 norm of the histogram of oriented gradients difference of two patches as the similarity metric for both steps and a Markov random field formulation that incorporates tissue coherency to compute the nonrigid registration. To fix significantly distorted regions that are misshaped or much smaller than the control grids, we train a context-aggregation network to segment and warp them to their corresponding regions with thin plate spline. We have shown that our method generates results comparable to an expert neuroscientist and is significantly better than reconstruction-first approaches. Code and sample dataset are available at sites.google.com/view/brain-mapping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xiong
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Jing Ren
- Department of Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Liqun Luo
- Department of Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Mark Horowitz
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
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Redondo MJ, Geyer S, Steck AK, Sharp S, Wentworth JM, Weedon MN, Antinozzi P, Sosenko J, Atkinson M, Pugliese A, Oram RA, Antinozzi P, Atkinson M, Battaglia M, Becker D, Bingley P, Bosi E, Buckner J, Colman P, Gottlieb P, Herold K, Insel R, Kay T, Knip M, Marks J, Moran A, Palmer J, Peakman M, Philipson L, Pugliese A, Raskin P, Rodriguez H, Roep B, Russell W, Schatz D, Wherrett D, Wilson D, Winter W, Ziegler A, Benoist C, Blum J, Chase P, Clare-Salzler M, Clynes R, Eisenbarth G, Fathman C, Grave G, Hering B, Kaufman F, Leschek E, Mahon J, Nanto-Salonen K, Nepom G, Orban T, Parkman R, Pescovitz M, Peyman J, Roncarolo M, Simell O, Sherwin R, Siegelman M, Steck A, Thomas J, Trucco M, Wagner J, Greenbaum ,CJ, Bourcier K, Insel R, Krischer JP, Leschek E, Rafkin L, Spain L, Cowie C, Foulkes M, Krause-Steinrauf H, Lachin JM, Malozowski S, Peyman J, Ridge J, Savage P, Skyler JS, Zafonte SJ, Kenyon NS, Santiago I, Sosenko JM, Bundy B, Abbondondolo M, Adams T, Amado D, Asif I, Boonstra M, Bundy B, Burroughs C, Cuthbertson D, Deemer M, Eberhard C, Fiske S, Ford J, Garmeson J, Guillette H, Browning G, Coughenour T, Sulk M, Tsalikan E, Tansey M, Cabbage J, Dixit N, Pasha S, King M, Adcock K, Geyer S, Atterberry H, Fox L, Englert K, Mauras N, Permuy J, Sikes K, Berhe T, Guendling B, McLennan L, Paganessi L, Hays B, Murphy C, Draznin M, Kamboj M, Sheppard S, Lewis V, Coates L, Moore W, Babar G, Bedard J, Brenson-Hughes D, Henderson C, Cernich J, Clements M, Duprau R, Goodman S, Hester L, Huerta-Saenz L, Karmazin A, Letjen T, Raman S, Morin D, Henry M, Bestermann W, Morawski E, White J, Brockmyer A, Bays R, Campbell S, Stapleton A, Stone N, Donoho A, Everett H, Heyman K, Hensley H, Johnson M, Marshall C, Skirvin N, Taylor P, Williams R, Ray L, Wolverton C, Nickels D, Dothard C, Hsiao B, Speiser P, Pellizzari M, Bokor L, Izuora K, Abdelnour S, Cummings P, Paynor S, Leahy M, Riedl M, Shockley S, Karges C, Saad R, Briones T, Casella S, Herz C, Walsh K, Greening J, Hay F, Hunt S, Sikotra N, Simons L, Keaton N, Karounos D, Oremus R, Dye L, Myers L, Ballard D, Miers W, Sparks R, Thraikill K, Edwards K, Fowlkes J, Kinderman A, Kemp S, Morales A, Holland L, Johnson L, Paul P, Ghatak A, Phelen K, Leyland H, Henderson T, Brenner D, Law P, Oppenheimer E, Mamkin I, Moniz C, Clarson C, Lovell M, Peters A, Ruelas V, Borut D, Burt D, Jordan M, Leinbach A, Castilla S, Flores P, Ruiz M, Hanson L, Green-Blair J, Sheridan R, Wintergerst K, Pierce G, Omoruyi A, Foster M, Linton C, Kingery S, Lunsford A, Cervantes I, Parker T, Price P, Urben J, Doughty I, Haydock H, Parker V, Bergman P, Liu S, Duncum S, Rodda C, Thomas A, Ferry R, McCommon D, Cockroft J, Perelman A, Calendo R, Barrera C, Arce-Nunez E, Lloyd J, Martinez Y, De la Portilla M, Cardenas I, Garrido L, Villar M, Lorini R, Calandra E, D’Annuzio G, Perri K, Minuto N, Malloy J, Rebora C, Callegari R, Ali O, Kramer J, Auble B, Cabrera S, Donohoue P, Fiallo-Scharer R, Hessner M, Wolfgram P, Maddox K, Kansra A, Bettin N, McCuller R, Miller A, Accacha S, Corrigan J, Fiore E, Levine R, Mahoney T, Polychronakos C, Martin J, Gagne V, Starkman H, Fox M, Chin D, Melchionne F, Silverman L, Marshall I, Cerracchio L, Cruz J, Viswanathan A, Miller J, Wilson J, Chalew S, Valley S, Layburn S, Lala A, Clesi P, Genet M, Uwaifo G, Charron A, Allerton T, Milliot E, Cefalu W, Melendez-Ramirez L, Richards R, Alleyn C, Gustafson E, Lizanna M, Wahlen J, Aleiwe S, Hansen M, Wahlen H, Moore M, Levy C, Bonaccorso A, Rapaport R, Tomer Y, Chia D, Goldis M, Iazzetti L, Klein M, Levister C, Waldman L, Muller S, Wallach E, Regelmann M, Antal Z, Aranda M, Reynholds C, Leech N, Wake D, Owens C, Burns M, Wotherspoon J, Nguyen T, Murray A, Short K, Curry G, Kelsey S, Lawson J, Porter J, Stevens S, Thomson E, Winship S, Wynn L, O’Donnell R, Wiltshire E, Krebs J, Cresswell P, Faherty H, Ross C, Vinik A, Barlow P, Bourcier M, Nevoret M, Couper J, Oduah V, Beresford S, Thalagne N, Roper H, Gibbons J, Hill J, Balleaut S, Brennan C, Ellis-Gage J, Fear L, Gray T, Pilger J, Jones L, McNerney C, Pointer L, Price N, Few K, Tomlinson D, Denvir L, Drew J, Randell T, Mansell P, Roberts A, Bell S, Butler S, Hooton Y, Navarra H, Roper A, Babington G, Crate L, Cripps H, Ledlie A, Moulds C, Sadler K, Norton R, Petrova B, Silkstone O, Smith C, Ghai K, Murray M, Viswanathan V, Henegan M, Kawadry O, Olson J, Stavros T, Patterson L, Ahmad T, Flores B, Domek D, Domek S, Copeland K, George M, Less J, Davis T, Short M, Tamura R, Dwarakanathan A, O’Donnell P, Boerner B, Larson L, Phillips M, Rendell M, Larson K, Smith C, Zebrowski K, Kuechenmeister L, Wood K, Thevarayapillai M, Daniels M, Speer H, Forghani N, Quintana R, Reh C, Bhangoo A, Desrosiers P, Ireland L, Misla T, Xu P, Torres C, Wells S, Villar J, Yu M, Berry D, Cook D, Soder J, Powell A, Ng M, Morrison M, Young K, Haslam Z, Lawson M, Bradley B, Courtney J, Richardson C, Watson C, Keely E, DeCurtis D, Vaccarcello-Cruz M, Torres Z, Alies P, Sandberg K, Hsiang H, Joy B, McCormick D, Powell A, Jones H, Bell J, Hargadon S, Hudson S, Kummer M, Badias F, Sauder S, Sutton E, Gensel K, Aguirre-Castaneda R, Benavides Lopez V, Hemp D, Allen S, Stear J, Davis E, Jones T, Baker A, Roberts A, Dart J, Paramalingam N, Levitt Katz L, Chaudhary N, Murphy K, Willi S, Schwartzman B, Kapadia C, Larson D, Bassi M, McClellan D, Shaibai G, Kelley L, Villa G, Kelley C, Diamond R, Kabbani M, Dajani T, Hoekstra F, Magorno M, Beam C, Holst J, Chauhan V, Wilson N, Bononi P, Sperl M, Millward A, Eaton M, Dean L, Olshan J, Renna H, Boulware D, Milliard C, Snyder D, Beaman S, Burch K, Chester J, Ahmann A, Wollam B, DeFrang D, Fitch R, Jahnke K, Bounmananh L, Hanavan K, Klopfenstein B, Nicol L, Bergstrom R, Noland T, Brodksy J, Bacon L, Quintos J, Topor L, Bialo S, Bream S, Bancroft B, Soto A, Lagarde W, Lockemer H, Vanderploeg T, Ibrahim M, Huie M, Sanchez V, Edelen R, Marchiando R, Freeman D, Palmer J, Repas T, Wasson M, Auker P, Culbertson J, Kieffer T, Voorhees D, Borgwardt T, DeRaad L, Eckert K, Gough J, Isaacson E, Kuhn H, Carroll A, Schubert M, Francis G, Hagan S, Le T, Penn M, Wickham E, Leyva C, Ginem J, Rivera K, Padilla J, Rodriguez I, Jospe N, Czyzyk J, Johnson B, Nadgir U, Marlen N, Prakasam G, Rieger C, Granger M, Glaser N, Heiser E, Harris B, Foster C, Slater H, Wheeler K, Donaldson D, Murray M, Hale D, Tragus R, Holloway M, Word D, Lynch J, Pankratz L, Rogers W, Newfield R, Holland S, Hashiguchi M, Gottschalk M, Philis-Tsimikas A, Rosal R, Kieffer M, Franklin S, Guardado S, Bohannon N, Garcia M, Aguinaldo T, Phan J, Barraza V, Cohen D, Pinsker J, Khan U, Lane P, Wiley J, Jovanovic L, Misra P, Wright M, Cohen D, Huang K, Skiles M, Maxcy S, Pihoker C, Cochrane K, Nallamshetty L, Fosse J, Kearns S, Klingsheim M, Wright N, Viles L, Smith H, Heller S, Cunningham M, Daniels A, Zeiden L, Parrimon Y, Field J, Walker R, Griffin K, Bartholow L, Erickson C, Howard J, Krabbenhoft B, Sandman C, Vanveldhuizen A, Wurlger J, Paulus K, Zimmerman A, Hanisch K, Davis-Keppen L, Cotterill A, Kirby J, Harris M, Schmidt A, Kishiyama C, Flores C, Milton J, Ramiro J, Martin W, Whysham C, Yerka A, Freels T, Hassing J, Webster J, Green R, Carter P, Galloway J, Hoelzer D, Ritzie AQL, Roberts S, Said S, Sullivan P, Allen H, Reiter E, Feinberg E, Johnson C, Newhook L, Hagerty D, White N, Sharma A, Levandoski L, Kyllo J, Johnson M, Benoit C, Iyer P, Diamond F, Hosono H, Jackman S, Barette L, Jones P, Shor A, Sills I, Bzdick S, Bulger J, Weinstock R, Douek I, Andrews R, Modgill G, Gyorffy G, Robin L, Vaidya N, Song X, Crouch S, O’Brien K, Thompson C, Thorne N, Blumer J, Kalic J, Klepek L, Paulett J, Rosolowski B, Horner J, Terry A, Watkins M, Casey J, Carpenter K, Burns C, Horton J, Pritchard C, Soetaert D, Wynne A, Kaiserman K, Halvorson M, Weinberger J, Chin C, Molina O, Patel C, Senguttuvan R, Wheeler M, Furet O, Steuhm C, Jelley D, Goudeau S, Chalmers L, Wootten M, Greer D, Panagiotopoulos C, Metzger D, Nguyen D, Horowitz M, Christiansen M, Glades E, Morimoto C, Macarewich M, Norman R, Harding P, Patin K, Vargas C, Barbanica A, Yu A, Vaidyanathan P, Osborne W, Mehra R, Kaster S, Neace S, Horner J, McDonough S, Reeves G, Cordrey C, Marrs L, Miller T, Dowshen S, Doyle D, Walker S, Catte D, Dean H, Drury-Brown M, McGee PF, Hackman B, Lee M, Malkani S, Cullen K, Johnson K, Hampton P, McCarrell M, Curtis C, Paul E, Zambrano Y, Hess KO, Phoebus D, Quinlan S, Raiden E, Batts E, Buddy C, Kirpatrick K, Ramey M, Shultz A, Webb C, Romesco M, Fradkin J, Blumberg E, Beck G, Brillon D, Gubitosi-Klug R, Laffel L, Veatch R, Wallace D, Braun J, Lernmark A, Lo B, Mitchell H, Naji A, Nerup J, Orchard T, Steffes M, Tsiatis A, Zinman B, Loechelt B, Baden L, Green M, Weinberg A, Marcovina S, Palmer JP, Weinberg A, Yu L, Babu S, Winter W, Eisenbarth GS, Bingley P, Clynes R, DiMeglio L, Eisenbarth G, Hays B, Marks J, Matheson D, Rodriguez H, Wilson D, Redondo MJ, Gomez D, Zheng X, Pena S, Pietropaolo M, Batts E, Brown T, Buckner J, Dove A, Hammond M, Hefty D, Klein J, Kuhns K, Letlau M, Lord S, McCulloch-Olson M, Miller L, Nepom G, Odegard J, Ramey M, Sachter E, St. Marie M, Stickney K, VanBuecken D, Vellek B, Webber C, Allen L, Bollyk J, Hilderman N, Ismail H, Lamola S, Sanda S, Vendettuoli H, Tridgell D, Monzavi R, Bock M, Fisher L, Halvorson M, Jeandron D, Kim M, Wood J, Geffner M, Kaufman F, Parkman R, Salazar C, Goland R, Clynes R, Cook S, Freeby M, Gallagher MP, Gandica R, Greenberg E, Kurland A, Pollak S, Wolk A, Chan M, Koplimae L, Levine E, Smith K, Trast J, DiMeglio L, Blum J, Evans-Molina C, Hufferd R, Jagielo B, Kruse C, Patrick V, Rigby M, Spall M, Swinney K, Terrell J, Christner L, Ford L, Lynch S, Menendez M, Merrill P, Pescovitz M, Rodriguez H, Alleyn C, Baidal D, Fay S, Gaglia J, Resnick B, Szubowicz S, Weir G, Benjamin R, Conboy D, deManbey A, Jackson R, Jalahej H, Orban T, Ricker A, Wolfsdorf J, Zhang HH, Wilson D, Aye T, Baker B, Barahona K, Buckingham B, Esrey K, Esrey T, Fathman G, Snyder R, Aneja B, Chatav M, Espinoza O, Frank E, Liu J, Perry J, Pyle R, Rigby A, Riley K, Soto A, Gitelman S, Adi S, Anderson M, Berhel A, Breen K, Fraser K, Gerard-Gonzalez A, Jossan P, Lustig R, Moassesfar S, Mugg A, Ng D, Prahalod P, Rangel-Lugo M, Sanda S, Tarkoff J, Torok C, Wesch R, Aslan I, Buchanan J, Cordier J, Hamilton C, Hawkins L, Ho T, Jain A, Ko K, Lee T, Phelps S, Rosenthal S, Sahakitrungruang T, Stehl L, Taylor L, Wertz M, Wong J, Philipson L, Briars R, Devine N, Littlejohn E, Grant T, Gottlieb P, Klingensmith G, Steck A, Alkanani A, Bautista K, Bedoy R, Blau A, Burke B, Cory L, Dang M, Fitzgerald-Miller L, Fouts A, Gage V, Garg S, Gesauldo P, Gutin R, Hayes C, Hoffman M, Ketchum K, Logsden-Sackett N, Maahs D, Messer L, Meyers L, Michels A, Peacock S, Rewers M, Rodriguez P, Sepulbeda F, Sippl R, Steck A, Taki I, Tran BK, Tran T, Wadwa RP, Zeitler P, Barker J, Barry S, Birks L, Bomsburger L, Bookert T, Briggs L, Burdick P, Cabrera R, Chase P, Cobry E, Conley A, Cook G, Daniels J, DiDomenico D, Eckert J, Ehler A, Eisenbarth G, Fain P, Fiallo-Scharer R, Frank N, Goettle H, Haarhues M, Harris S, Horton L, Hutton J, Jeffrrey J, Jenison R, Jones K, Kastelic W, King MA, Lehr D, Lungaro J, Mason K, Maurer H, Nguyen L, Proto A, Realsen J, Schmitt K, Schwartz M, Skovgaard S, Smith J, Vanderwel B, Voelmle M, Wagner R, Wallace A, Walravens P, Weiner L, Westerhoff B, Westfall E, Widmer K, Wright H, Schatz D, Abraham A, Atkinson M, Cintron M, Clare-Salzler M, Ferguson J, Haller M, Hosford J, Mancini D, Rohrs H, Silverstein J, Thomas J, Winter W, Cole G, Cook R, Coy R, Hicks E, Lewis N, Marks J, Pugliese A, Blaschke C, Matheson D, Sanders-Branca N, Sosenko J, Arazo L, Arce R, Cisneros M, Sabbag S, Moran A, Gibson C, Fife B, Hering B, Kwong C, Leschyshyn J, Nathan B, Pappenfus B, Street A, Boes MA, Eck SP, Finney L, Fischer TA, Martin A, Muzamhindo CJ, Rhodes M, Smith J, Wagner J, Wood B, Becker D, Delallo K, Diaz A, Elnyczky B, Libman I, Pasek B, Riley K, Trucco M, Copemen B, Gwynn D, Toledo F, Rodriguez H, Bollepalli S, Diamond F, Eyth E, Henson D, Lenz A, Shulman D, Raskin P, Adhikari S, Dickson B, Dunnigan E, Lingvay I, Pruneda L, Ramos-Roman M, Raskin P, Rhee C, Richard J, Siegelman M, Sturges D, Sumpter K, White P, Alford M, Arthur J, Aviles-Santa ML, Cordova E, Davis R, Fernandez S, Fordan S, Hardin T, Jacobs A, Kaloyanova P, Lukacova-Zib I, Mirfakhraee S, Mohan A, Noto H, Smith O, Torres N, Wherrett D, Balmer D, Eisel L, Kovalakovska R, Mehan M, Sultan F, Ahenkorah B, Cevallos J, Razack N, Ricci MJ, Rhode A, Srikandarajah M, Steger R, Russell WE, Black M, Brendle F, Brown A, Moore D, Pittel E, Robertson A, Shannon A, Thomas JW, Herold K, Feldman L, Sherwin R, Tamborlane W, Weinzimer S, Toppari J, Kallio T, Kärkkäinen M, Mäntymäki E, Niininen T, Nurmi B, Rajala P, Romo M, Suomenrinne S, Näntö-Salonen K, Simell O, Simell T, Bosi E, Battaglia M, Bianconi E, Bonfanti R, Grogan P, Laurenzi A, Martinenghi S, Meschi F, Pastore M, Falqui L, Muscato MT, Viscardi M, Castleden H, Farthing N, Loud S, Matthews C, McGhee J, Morgan A, Pollitt J, Elliot-Jones R, Wheaton C, Knip M, Siljander H, Suomalainen H, Colman P, Healy F, Mesfin S, Redl L, Wentworth J, Willis J, Farley M, Harrison L, Perry C, Williams F, Mayo A, Paxton J, Thompson V, Volin L, Fenton C, Carr L, Lemon E, Swank M, Luidens M, Salgam M, Sharma V, Schade D, King C, Carano R, Heiden J, Means N, Holman L, Thomas I, Madrigal D, Muth T, Martin C, Plunkett C, Ramm C, Auchus R, Lane W, Avots E, Buford M, Hale C, Hoyle J, Lane B, Muir A, Shuler S, Raviele N, Ivie E, Jenkins M, Lindsley K, Hansen I, Fadoju D, Felner E, Bode B, Hosey R, Sax J, Jefferies C, Mannering S, Prentis R, She J, Stachura M, Hopkins D, Williams J, Steed L, Asatapova E, Nunez S, Knight S, Dixon P, Ching J, Donner T, Longnecker S, Abel K, Arcara K, Blackman S, Clark L, Cooke D, Plotnick L, Levin P, Bromberger L, Klein K, Sadurska K, Allen C, Michaud D, Snodgrass H, Burghen G, Chatha S, Clark C, Silverberg J, Wittmer C, Gardner J, LeBoeuf C, Bell P, McGlore O, Tennet H, Alba N, Carroll M, Baert L, Beaton H, Cordell E, Haynes A, Reed C, Lichter K, McCarthy P, McCarthy S, Monchamp T, Roach J, Manies S, Gunville F, Marosok L, Nelson T, Ackerman K, Rudolph J, Stewart M, McCormick K, May S, Falls T, Barrett T, Dale K, Makusha L, McTernana C, Penny-Thomas K, Sullivan K, Narendran P, Robbie J, Smith D, Christensen R, Koehler B, Royal C, Arthur T, Houser H, Renaldi J, Watsen S, Wu P, Lyons L, House B, Yu J, Holt H, Nation M, Vickers C, Watling R, Heptulla R, Trast J, Agarwal C, Newell D, Katikaneni R, Gardner C, Del Rio A, Logan A, Collier H, Rishton C, Whalley G, Ali A, Ramtoola S, Quattrin T, Mastrandea L, House A, Ecker M, Huang C, Gougeon C, Ho J, Pacuad D, Dunger D, May J, O’Brien C, Acerini C, Salgin B, Thankamony A, Williams R, Buse J, Fuller G, Duclos M, Tricome J, Brown H, Pittard D, Bowlby D, Blue A, Headley T, Bendre S, Lewis K, Sutphin K, Soloranzo C, Puskaric J, Madison H, Rincon M, Carlucci M, Shridharani R, Rusk B, Tessman E, Huffman D, Abrams H, Biederman B, Jones M, Leathers V, Brickman W, Petrie P, Zimmerman D, Howard J, Miller L, Alemzadeh R, Mihailescu D, Melgozza-Walker R, Abdulla N, Boucher-Berry C, Ize-Ludlow D, Levy R, Swenson Brousell C, Scott R, Heenan H, Lunt H, Kendall D, Willis J, Darlow B, Crimmins N, Edler D, Weis T, Schultz C, Rogers D, Latham D, Mawhorter C, Switzer C, Spencer W, Konstantnopoulus P, Broder S, Klein J, Bachrach B, Gardner M, Eichelberger D, Knight L, Szadek L, Welnick G, Thompson B, Hoffman R, Revell A, Cherko J, Carter K, Gilson E, Haines J, Arthur G, Bowen B, Zipf W, Graves P, Lozano R, Seiple D, Spicer K, Chang A, Fregosi J, Harbinson J, Paulson C, Stalters S, Wright P, Zlock D, Freeth A, Victory J, Maheshwari H, Maheshwari A, Holmstrom T, Bueno J, Arguello R, Ahern J, Noreika L, Watson V, Hourse S, Breyer P, Kissel C, Nicholson Y, Pfeifer M, Almazan S, Bajaj J, Quinn M, Funk K, McCance J, Moreno E, Veintimilla R, Wells A, Cook J, Trunnel S, Transue D, Surhigh J, Bezzaire D, Moltz K, Zacharski E, Henske J, Desai S, Frizelis K, Khan F, Sjoberg R, Allen K, Manning P, Hendry G, Taylor B, Jones S, Couch R, Danchak R, Lieberman D, Strader W, Bencomo M, Bailey T, Bedolla L, Roldan C, Moudiotis C, Vaidya B, Anning C, Bunce S, Estcourt S, Folland E, Gordon E, Harrill C, Ireland J, Piper J, Scaife L, Sutton K, Wilkins S, Costelloe M, Palmer J, Casas L, Miller C, Burgard M, Erickson C, Hallanger-Johnson J, Clark P, Taylor W, Galgani J, Banerjee S, Banda C, McEowen D, Kinman R, Lafferty A, Gillett S, Nolan C, Pathak M, Sondrol L, Hjelle T, Hafner S, Kotrba J, Hendrickson R, Cemeroglu A, Symington T, Daniel M, Appiagyei-Dankah Y, Postellon D, Racine M, Kleis L, Barnes K, Godwin S, McCullough H, Shaheen K, Buck G, Noel L, Warren M, Weber S, Parker S, Gillespie I, Nelson B, Frost C, Amrhein J, Moreland E, Hayes A, Peggram J, Aisenberg J, Riordan M, Zasa J, Cummings E, Scott K, Pinto T, Mokashi A, McAssey K, Helden E, Hammond P, Dinning L, Rahman S, Ray S, Dimicri C, Guppy S, Nielsen H, Vogel C, Ariza C, Morales L, Chang Y, Gabbay R, Ambrocio L, Manley L, Nemery R, Charlton W, Smith P, Kerr L, Steindel-Kopp B, Alamaguer M, Tabisola-Nuesca E, Pendersen A, Larson N, Cooper-Olviver H, Chan D, Fitz-Patrick D, Carreira T, Park Y, Ruhaak R, Liljenquist D. A Type 1 Diabetes Genetic Risk Score Predicts Progression of Islet Autoimmunity and Development of Type 1 Diabetes in Individuals at Risk. Diabetes Care 2018; 41:1887-1894. [PMID: 30002199 PMCID: PMC6105323 DOI: 10.2337/dc18-0087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We tested the ability of a type 1 diabetes (T1D) genetic risk score (GRS) to predict progression of islet autoimmunity and T1D in at-risk individuals. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We studied the 1,244 TrialNet Pathway to Prevention study participants (T1D patients' relatives without diabetes and with one or more positive autoantibodies) who were genotyped with Illumina ImmunoChip (median [range] age at initial autoantibody determination 11.1 years [1.2-51.8], 48% male, 80.5% non-Hispanic white, median follow-up 5.4 years). Of 291 participants with a single positive autoantibody at screening, 157 converted to multiple autoantibody positivity and 55 developed diabetes. Of 953 participants with multiple positive autoantibodies at screening, 419 developed diabetes. We calculated the T1D GRS from 30 T1D-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms. We used multivariable Cox regression models, time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curves, and area under the curve (AUC) measures to evaluate prognostic utility of T1D GRS, age, sex, Diabetes Prevention Trial-Type 1 (DPT-1) Risk Score, positive autoantibody number or type, HLA DR3/DR4-DQ8 status, and race/ethnicity. We used recursive partitioning analyses to identify cut points in continuous variables. RESULTS Higher T1D GRS significantly increased the rate of progression to T1D adjusting for DPT-1 Risk Score, age, number of positive autoantibodies, sex, and ethnicity (hazard ratio [HR] 1.29 for a 0.05 increase, 95% CI 1.06-1.6; P = 0.011). Progression to T1D was best predicted by a combined model with GRS, number of positive autoantibodies, DPT-1 Risk Score, and age (7-year time-integrated AUC = 0.79, 5-year AUC = 0.73). Higher GRS was significantly associated with increased progression rate from single to multiple positive autoantibodies after adjusting for age, autoantibody type, ethnicity, and sex (HR 2.27 for GRS >0.295, 95% CI 1.47-3.51; P = 0.0002). CONCLUSIONS The T1D GRS independently predicts progression to T1D and improves prediction along T1D stages in autoantibody-positive relatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria J. Redondo
- Texas Children’s Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | | | - Andrea K. Steck
- Barbara Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
| | - Seth Sharp
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter, Exeter, U.K
| | - John M. Wentworth
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research and Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael N. Weedon
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter, Exeter, U.K
| | | | | | | | | | - Richard A. Oram
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter, Exeter, U.K
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Braddock D, Kavanagh D, Li X, Carpenter T, Levine M, Horowitz M. ENPP1 Enzyme Replacement Prevents the Osteomalacia and Paradoxical Mineralization in the
Enpp1
asj/asj
mouse model of Autosomal Recessive Hypophosphatemic Rickets Type‐2. FASEB J 2018. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2018.32.1_supplement.816.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Michael Levine
- PediatricsUniversity of PennsylvaniaSchool of MedicinePhiladelphiaPA
| | - Mark Horowitz
- Orthopaedics and RehabilitationYale UniversityNEW HAVENCT
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Madison AC, Royal MW, Vigneault F, Chen L, Griffin PB, Horowitz M, Church GM, Fair RB. Scalable Device for Automated Microbial Electroporation in a Digital Microfluidic Platform. ACS Synth Biol 2017; 6:1701-1709. [PMID: 28569062 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.7b00007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Electrowetting-on-dielectric (EWD) digital microfluidic laboratory-on-a-chip platforms demonstrate excellent performance in automating labor-intensive protocols. When coupled with an on-chip electroporation capability, these systems hold promise for streamlining cumbersome processes such as multiplex automated genome engineering (MAGE). We integrated a single Ti:Au electroporation electrode into an otherwise standard parallel-plate EWD geometry to enable high-efficiency transformation of Escherichia coli with reporter plasmid DNA in a 200 nL droplet. Test devices exhibited robust operation with more than 10 transformation experiments performed per device without cross-contamination or failure. Despite intrinsic electric-field nonuniformity present in the EP/EWD device, the peak on-chip transformation efficiency was measured to be 8.6 ± 1.0 × 108 cfu·μg-1 for an average applied electric field strength of 2.25 ± 0.50 kV·mm-1. Cell survival and transformation fractions at this electroporation pulse strength were found to be 1.5 ± 0.3 and 2.3 ± 0.1%, respectively. Our work expands the EWD toolkit to include on-chip microbial electroporation and opens the possibility of scaling advanced genome engineering methods, like MAGE, into the submicroliter regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew C. Madison
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Matthew W. Royal
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Frederic Vigneault
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Liji Chen
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Peter B. Griffin
- Stanford
Genome Technology Center, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California 94304, United States
| | | | - George M. Church
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Department
of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Richard B. Fair
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
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Katsov AY, Freifeld L, Horowitz M, Kuehn S, Clandinin TR. Dynamic structure of locomotor behavior in walking fruit flies. eLife 2017; 6. [PMID: 28742018 PMCID: PMC5526672 DOI: 10.7554/elife.26410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The function of the brain is unlikely to be understood without an accurate description of its output, yet the nature of movement elements and their organization remains an open problem. Here, movement elements are identified from dynamics of walking in flies, using unbiased criteria. On one time scale, dynamics of walking are consistent over hundreds of milliseconds, allowing elementary features to be defined. Over longer periods, walking is well described by a stochastic process composed of these elementary features, and a generative model of this process reproduces individual behavior sequences accurately over seconds or longer. Within elementary features, velocities diverge, suggesting that dynamical stability of movement elements is a weak behavioral constraint. Rather, long-term instability can be limited by the finite memory between these elementary features. This structure suggests how complex dynamics may arise in biological systems from elements whose combination need not be tuned for dynamic stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Y Katsov
- Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University, Stanford, United States
| | - Limor Freifeld
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, United States.,Research Laboratory of Electronics, MIT Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department, Cambridge, United States
| | - Mark Horowitz
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, United States
| | - Seppe Kuehn
- Center for the Physics of Living Cells, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, United States.,Center for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, United States.,Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, United States
| | - Thomas R Clandinin
- Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University, Stanford, United States
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Hassan S, Koshy J, Sidlow R, Leader H, Horowitz M. To excise or not to excise infected urachal cysts: A case report and review of the literature. Journal of Pediatric Surgery Case Reports 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.epsc.2017.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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41
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Giezenaar C, Chapman I, Horowitz M, Soenen S. Timing effects of protein supplements on energy intake in older men. Journal of Nutrition & Intermediary Metabolism 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnim.2017.04.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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42
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Porras-Segovia A, Krivoy A, Horowitz M, Thomas G, Bolstridge M, Ion D, Shergill SS. Rapid-onset clozapine-induced loss of glycaemic control: case report. BJPsych Open 2017; 3:138-140. [PMID: 28507773 PMCID: PMC5425930 DOI: 10.1192/bjpo.bp.117.004481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Revised: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Clozapine has proved to be an effective antipsychotic for the treatment of refractory schizophrenia - characterised by the persistence of symptoms despite optimal treatment trials with at least two different antipsychotics at adequate dose and duration - but its use is hampered by adverse effects. The development of clozapine-induced diabetes is commonly considered to arise as part of a metabolic syndrome, associated with weight gain, and thus evolves slowly. We present the case of an individual with refractory schizophrenia and metformin-controlled diabetes who developed rapid-onset insulin-dependent hyperglycaemia immediately after starting clozapine. Given the refractory nature of his illness, the decision was made to continue clozapine and manage the diabetes. This case supports the existence of a more direct mechanism by which clozapine alters glycaemic control, aside from the more routine slow development of a metabolic syndrome. DECLARATION OF INTEREST S.S.S. is supported by a European Research Council Consolidator Award (Grant Number 311686) and the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Mental Health Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London. The funders had no role in study design, data collection, data analysis, data interpretation or writing of the report. COPYRIGHT AND USAGE © The Royal College of Psychiatrists 2017. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Non-Commercial, No Derivatives (CC BY-NC-ND) license.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amir Krivoy
- , MD, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK; National Psychosis Unit, Bethlem Royal Hospital, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust London, London, UK
| | - Mark Horowitz
- , MBBS PhD, National Psychosis Unit, Bethlem Royal Hospital, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust London, London, UK
| | - George Thomas
- , BSc, Hull York Medical School, University of York, York, UK
| | - Mark Bolstridge
- , MBCHP MRCPsych, National Psychosis Unit, Bethlem Royal Hospital, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust London, London, UK
| | - Dragos Ion
- , RMN, National Psychosis Unit, Bethlem Royal Hospital, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust London, London, UK
| | - Sukhwinder S Shergill
- , PhD FRCPsych, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK; National Psychosis Unit, Bethlem Royal Hospital, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust London, London, UK
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43
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Dundas M, Horowitz M, Sidlow R. Juvenile Granulosa Cell Tumor of the Testicle - Report of a Neonatal Case with Positive Alpha-fetoprotein Immunohistochemical Staining. Urol Case Rep 2017; 12:49-50. [PMID: 28331810 PMCID: PMC5358817 DOI: 10.1016/j.eucr.2017.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Revised: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We report on a case of juvenile granulosa cell tumor of the testicle in a neonate, a rare testicular tumor in children. No genital ambiguity, anatomic abnormalities, nor sex chromosome aneuploidy was noted in this patient. In our case, despite positive staining for alpha-fetoprotein which is most consistent with yolk sac tumors, all clinical, gross anatomic, histologic, and other immunohistologic characteristics of the tumor remained consistent with the diagnosis of juvenile granulosa cell tumor. The alpha-fetoprotein positivity of the tumor remains unexplained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Dundas
- Department of Pediatrics, Staten Island University-Northwell Health, Staten Island, NY, USA
| | - Mark Horowitz
- Department of Urology, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Staten Island University Hospital, Staten Island, NY, USA
| | - Richard Sidlow
- Department of Pediatrics, Staten Island University-Northwell Health, Staten Island, NY, USA
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Yu FB, Willis L, Chau RMW, Zambon A, Horowitz M, Bhaya D, Huang KC, Quake SR. Long-term microfluidic tracking of coccoid cyanobacterial cells reveals robust control of division timing. BMC Biol 2017; 15:11. [PMID: 28196492 PMCID: PMC5310064 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-016-0344-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2016] [Accepted: 12/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cyanobacteria are important agents in global carbon and nitrogen cycling and hold great promise for biotechnological applications. Model organisms such as Synechocystis sp. and Synechococcus sp. have advanced our understanding of photosynthetic capacity and circadian behavior, mostly using population-level measurements in which the behavior of individuals cannot be monitored. Synechocystis sp. cells are small and divide slowly, requiring long-term experiments to track single cells. Thus, the cumulative effects of drift over long periods can cause difficulties in monitoring and quantifying cell growth and division dynamics. Results To overcome this challenge, we enhanced a microfluidic cell-culture device and developed an image analysis pipeline for robust lineage reconstruction. This allowed simultaneous tracking of many cells over multiple generations, and revealed that cells expand exponentially throughout their cell cycle. Generation times were highly correlated for sister cells, but not between mother and daughter cells. Relationships between birth size, division size, and generation time indicated that cell-size control was inconsistent with the “sizer” rule, where division timing is based on cell size, or the “timer” rule, where division occurs after a fixed time interval. Instead, single cell growth statistics were most consistent with the “adder” rule, in which division occurs after a constant increment in cell volume. Cells exposed to light-dark cycles exhibited growth and division only during the light period; dark phases pause but do not disrupt cell-cycle control. Conclusions Our analyses revealed that the “adder” model can explain both the growth-related statistics of single Synechocystis cells and the correlation between sister cell generation times. We also observed rapid phenotypic response to light-dark transitions at the single cell level, highlighting the critical role of light in cyanobacterial cell-cycle control. Our findings suggest that by monitoring the growth kinetics of individual cells we can build testable models of circadian control of the cell cycle in cyanobacteria. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12915-016-0344-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiqiao Brian Yu
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Lisa Willis
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.,Sainsbury Laboratory, Cambridge University, Cambridge, CB2 1LR, UK
| | | | - Alessandro Zambon
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.,Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, 35131, Italy
| | - Mark Horowitz
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Devaki Bhaya
- Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
| | - Kerwyn Casey Huang
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA. .,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
| | - Stephen R Quake
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA. .,Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.
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Trahair LG, Marathe CS, Standfield S, Rayner CK, Feinle-Bisset C, Horowitz M, Jones KL. Effects of small intestinal glucose on glycaemia, insulinaemia and incretin hormone release are load-dependent in obese subjects. Int J Obes (Lond) 2017; 41:225-232. [PMID: 27840416 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2016.202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2016] [Revised: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Studies concerning the glycaemic response to oral glucose, or meals in obesity have usually failed to account for gastric emptying. It has been suggested that the incretin effect may be diminished in obesity as a result of a reduction in glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) secretion. We sought to determine the effect of two different rates of intraduodenal glucose infusions on glycaemic, insulinaemic and incretin hormone responses in lean and obese subjects and compare the effects of oral and intraduodenal glucose in obese subjects. SUBJECTS/METHODS Eleven obese subjects (age 37.5±4.1 years, body mass index (BMI) 35.7±1.4 kg m-2) and 12 controls (age 34.7±4.0 years, BMI 23.9±0.7 kg m-2) received intraduodenal infusions of glucose at 1 or 3 kcal min-1, or saline for 60 min (t=0-60 min), followed by intraduodenal saline (t=60-120 min). In obese subjects, an oral glucose tolerance test was performed. Blood glucose, serum insulin, plasma total GLP-1 and total gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) were measured. RESULTS In both the groups (P<0.001), the incremental areas under the curve (iAUC)0-60 min for glucose was greater with the 3 kcal min-1 than the 1 kcal min-1 infusion; the iAUC0-120 min for glucose during 3 kcal min-1 was greater (P<0.05), in the obese. Insulin responses to 1 kcal min-1 and, particularly, 3 kcal min-1 were greater (P<0.001) in the obese. Stimulation of GLP-1 and GIP were greater (P<0.001) in response to 3 kcal min-1, compared with 1 kcal min-1 and saline, without any difference between the groups. In the obese, glycaemic, insulinaemic and GIP, but not GLP-1, responses to oral and intraduodenal glucose were related (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS The rate of duodenal glucose delivery is a major determinant of glycaemia, insulinaemia and incretin hormone release in obese subjects. Obesity is not apparently associated with impaired GLP-1 secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- L G Trahair
- Discipline of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in Translating Nutritional Science to Good Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - C S Marathe
- Discipline of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in Translating Nutritional Science to Good Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - S Standfield
- Discipline of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in Translating Nutritional Science to Good Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - C K Rayner
- Discipline of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in Translating Nutritional Science to Good Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - C Feinle-Bisset
- Discipline of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in Translating Nutritional Science to Good Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - M Horowitz
- Discipline of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in Translating Nutritional Science to Good Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - K L Jones
- Discipline of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in Translating Nutritional Science to Good Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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46
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Grossman L, Horowitz M, Neuman J, Sidlow R. Canal of Nuck cyst masquerading as a testicle in a neonate: A case report and review of the literature. PUCR 2016. [DOI: 10.14534/pucr.2016622491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Sivakumar S, Taccone FS, Desai KA, Lazaridis C, Skarzynski M, Sekhon M, Henderson W, Griesdale D, Chapple L, Deane A, Williams L, Strickland R, Lange K, Heyland D, Chapman M, Rowland MJ, Garry P, Westbrook J, Corkill R, Antoniades CA, Pattinson KT, Fatania G, Strong AJ, Myers RB, Lazaridis C, Jermaine CM, Robertson CS, Rusin CG, Hofmeijer J, Sondag L, Tjepkema-Cloostermans MC, Beishuizen A, Bosch FH, van Putten MJAM, Carteron L, Patet C, Solari D, Oddo M, Ali MA, Dias C, Almeida R, Vaz-Ferreira A, Silva J, Monteiro E, Cerejo A, Rocha AP, Elsayed AA, Abougabal AM, Beshey BN, Alzahaby KM, Pozzebon S, Ortiz AB, Cristallini S, Lheureux O, Brasseur A, Vincent JL, Creteur J, Taccone FS, Hravnak M, Yousef K, Chang Y, Crago E, Friedlander RM, Abdelmonem SA, Tahon SA, Helmy TA, Meligy HS, Puig F, Dunn-Siegrist I, Pugin J, Gupta S, Govil D, Srinivasan S, Patel SJ, N JK, Gupta A, Tomar DS, Shafi M, Harne R, Arora DP, Talwar N, Mazumdar S, Papakrivou EE, Makris D, Manoulakas E, Tsolaki B, Karadodas B, Zakynthinos E, Garcia IP, Martin AD, Encinares VS, Ibañez MP, Montero JG, Labrador G, Cangueiro TC, Poulose V, Koh J, Kam JW, Yeter H, Stepinska J, Pérez AG, Ordoñez PF, Giribet A, Cuervo MAA, Cuervo RA, Esteban MAR, Fraile LI, Mittelbrum CP, Albaiceta GM, Kara A, Koeze J, Keus F, Dieperink W, van der Horst ICC, van Meurs M, Zijlstra JG, Roberts S, Caballero CH, Isgro G, Hall D, Aktepe O, Beitland S, Trøseid AMS, Brusletto BS, Waldum-Grevbo BE, Berg JP, Sunde K, Huertas DG, Manzano F, Quintana MMJ, Osuna A, Topeli A, Santiago-Ruiz F, Rodríguez-Mejías C, Wangensteen R, Jamaati HR, Masjedi M, Zand F, Hashemian SMR, Sabetian G, Abbasi G, Khaloo V, Tsolakoglou I, Tabei SH, Kafilzadeh A, Bakhodaei HH, Diaz JA, Silva R, Garcia DJ, Luis E, Gomez MN, Soriano R, Gonzalez PL, Intas G, Ibrahim IA, Rafik MM, Al-Ansary AM, Algendi MA, Ali AA, Fuhrmann V, Roedl K, Horvatits T, Drolz A, Rutter K, Stergiannis P, Benten D, Kluwe J, Siedler S, Kluge S, Adedugbe I, Bird GT, Kennedy RM, Sharma S, Butler MB, Yugi G, Kolaros AA, Haroon BA, Witter T, Khaliq W, Singer M, Havaldar AA, Krishna B, Sriram S, Espinoza EDV, Pozo MO, Edul VSK, Chalari E, Furche M, Motta MF, Vazquez AR, Birri PNR, Ince C, Dubin A, Dogliotti A, Ramos A, Lovesio C, Delile E, Athanasiadou E, Nevière R, Thiébaut PA, Maupoint J, Mulder P, Coquerel D, Renet S, do Rego JC, Rieusset J, Richard V, Tamion F, Martika A, Khaliq W, Andreis DT, Singer M, Smit B, Smulders YM, de Waard MC, van Straaten HMO, Girbes ARJ, Eringa EC, Man AMESD, Fildisis G, Alegría L, Soto D, Luengo C, Gomez J, Jarufe N, Bruhn A, Castro R, Kattan E, Tapia P, Rebolledo R, Faivre V, Achurra P, Ospina-Tascón G, Bakker J, Hernández G, Bertini P, Guarracino F, Baldassarri R, Pinsky MR, Alegría L, Vera M, Mengelle C, Dreyse J, Carpio D, Henriquez C, Gajardo D, Bravo S, Castro R, Ospina-Tascón G, Bakker J, Hernández G, Kim S, Favier B, Lee M, Park SY, So S, Lee H, Kačar MB, Kačar SM, Uddin I, Belhaj AM, Aydın MA, Avsec D, Payen D, Kapuağası A, Kaymak Ç, Kovach L, Şencan İ, Meço B, Özçelik M, Ünal N, Lazaridis C, Jenni-Moser B, Jeitziner MM, Poppe A, Galassi MS, Sales FL, de Moraes KCL, Batista CL, Júnior JADS, Marcari TB, Lobato R, Castro CSAA, de Souza LM, Rodrigues FFP, Winkler MS, Correa NG, Pelegrini AM, Eid RAC, Timenetsky KT, Cazati D, Lobato M, Diniz PS, Rocha LL, Cavalheiro AM, Lucinio NM, Mudersbach E, Santos ER, Norrenberg M, Gleize A, Preiser JC, Simón IF, Carmona SA, Valhonrat IL, Domínguez JP, Abellán AN, Almudévar PM, Schreiber J, Dávila F, Rubio JJ, Ramos AJ, Reina ÁJR, López NP, Pérez MA, Apolo DXC, Villén LM, López FMP, García IP, Wruck ML, Izurieta JRN, Guerrero JJE, Calvert S, Quint M, Adeniji K, Young R, Shevill DD, Robertson E, Garside P, Walter E, Schwedhelm E, Isotti P, De Vecchi MM, Perduca AE, Negro A, Villa G, Manara DF, Cabrini L, Zangrillo A, Frencken JF, van Baal L, Kluge S, Peelen LM, Donker DW, Horn J, van der Poll T, van Klei WA, Bonten MJM, Cremer OL, Menard CE, Kumar A, Rimmer E, Zöllner C, Doucette S, Turgeon AF, Houston BL, Houston DS, Zarychanski R, Pinto BB, Carrara M, Ferrario M, Bendjelid K, Nunes J, Tavladaki T, Diaz P, Silva G, Escórcio S, Chaves S, Jardim M, Fernandes N, Câmara M, Duarte R, Pereira CA, Vieira J, Spanaki AM, Nóbrega JJ, Robles CMC, de Oca-Sandoval MAM, Sánchez-Rodríguez A, Joya-Galeana JG, Correa-Morales A, Camarena-Alejo G, Aguirre-Sánchez J, Franco-Granillo J, Soliman M, Dimitriou H, Al Azab A, El Hossainy R, Nagy H, Nirmalan M, Crippa IA, Cavicchi FZ, Vincent JL, Creteur J, Taccone FS, Chaari A, Kondili E, Hakim KA, Hassanein H, Etman M, El Bahr M, Bousselmi K, Khalil ES, Kauts V, Casey WF, Imahase H, Sakamoto Y, Choulaki C, Inoue S, Yamada KC, Koami H, Miike T, Nagashima F, Iwamura T, Boscolo A, Lucchetta V, Piasentini E, Bertini D, Meleti E, Manesso L, Spiezia L, Simioni P, Ori C, Souza RB, Martins AM, Liberatore AMA, Kang YR, Nakamae MN, Vieira JCF, Kafetzopoulos D, Koh IHJ, Hanslin K, Wilske F, Skorup P, Sjölin J, Lipcsey M, Long WJ, Zhen CE, Vakalos A, Avramidis V, Georgopoulos D, Wu SH, Shyu LJ, Li CH, Yu CH, Chen HC, Wang CH, Lin KH, Aray ZE, Gómez CF, Tejero AP, Briassoulis G, Monge DD, Losada VM, Tarancón CM, Cortés SD, Gutiérrez AM, Álvarez TP, Rouze A, Jaffal K, Six S, Stolz K, la Torre AGD, Cattoen V, Nseir S, Arnal JM, Saoli M, Novotni D, Garnero A, Becher T, Buchholz V, Schädler D, Frerichs I, de la Torre-Prados MV, Weiler N, Eronia N, Mauri T, Gatti S, Maffezzini E, Bronco A, Alban L, Sasso T, Marenghi C, Grasselli G, Tsvetanova-Spasova T, Pesenti A, Bellani G, Al-Fares A, Del Sorbo L, Anwar S, Facchin F, Azad S, Zamel R, Ferguson N, Cypel M, Nuevo-Ortega P, Keshavjee S, Fan E, Durlinger E, Spoelstra-de Man A, Smit B, de Grooth HJ, Girbes A, Straaten HOV, Smulders Y, Alfaro MA, Rueda-Molina C, Parrilla F, Meli A, Pellegrini M, Rodriguez N, Goyeneche JM, Morán I, Aguirre H, Mancebo J, Heines SJH, Strauch U, Fernández-Porcel A, Bergmans DCJJ, Blankman P, Shono A, Hasan D, Gommers D, Chung WY, Lee KS, Jung YJ, Park JH, Sheen SS, Camara-Sola E, Park KJ, Worral R, Denham S, Isherwood P, Rees SE, Larraza S, Dey N, Spadaro S, Brohus JB, Winding RW, Salido-Díaz L, Volta CA, Karbing DS, Ampatzidou F, Vlachou A, Kehagioglou G, Karaiskos T, Madesis A, Mauromanolis C, Michail N, Drossos G, García-Alcántara A, Saraj N, Rijkenberg S, Feijen HM, Endeman H, Donnelly AAJ, Morgan E, Garrard H, Buckley H, Russell L, Haase N, Tavladaki T, Perner A, Goh C, Mouyis K, Woodward CLN, Halliday J, Encina GB, Ros J, Lagunes L, Tabernero J, Bosch F, Spanaki AM, Rello J, Huertas DG, Manzano F, Morente-Constantin E, Rivera-Ginés B, Colmenero-Ruiz M, Abellán AN, Pérez LP, Lucendo AP, Almudévar PM, Dimitriou H, Domínguez JP, Villamizar PR, Sanz JG, Simon IF, Valbuena BL, Carmona SA, Pais M, Ramalingam S, Díaz C, Fox L, Kondili E, Santafe M, Barba P, García M, Leal S, Pérez M, Pérez MLP, Abellán AN, Lucendo AP, Almudevar PM, Domínguez JP, Choulaki C, Villamizar PR, Veganzones J, Simón IF, Valbuena BL, Martínez N, Carmona SA, Moors I, Mokart D, Pène F, Lambert J, Meleti DE, Kouatchet A, Mayaux J, Vincent F, Nyunga M, Bruneel F, Laisne L, Rabbat A, Lebert C, Perez P, Chaize M, Kafetzopoulos D, Renault A, Meert AP, Hamidfar R, Jourdain M, Darmon M, Schlemmer B, Chevret S, Lemiale V, Azoulay E, Benoit D, Georgopoulos D, Martins-Branco D, Sousa M, Marum S, Bouw MJ, Galstyan G, Makarova P, Parovichnikova E, Kuzmina L, Troitskaya V, Drize N, Briassoulis G, Gemdzhian E, Savchenko V, Chao HC, Kılıc E, Demiriz B, Uygur ML, Sürücü M, Cınar K, Yıldırım AE, Kiss K, Suberviola B, Köves B, Csernus V, Molnár Z, Ntantana A, Matamis D, Savvidou S, Giannakou M, Gouva M, Nakos G, Koulouras V, Riera J, Gaffney S, Black E, Docking R, Judge C, Drew T, Misran H, Munshi R, McGovern L, Coyle M, Dunne L, Rellan L, Deasy E, Lavin P, Fahy A, Darcy DM, Donnelly M, Ismail NH, Hall T, Wykes K, Jack J, Ngu WC, Sanchez M, Morgan P, Ruiz-Ramos J, Ramirez P, Gordon M, Villarreal E, Frasquet J, Poveda-Andrés JL, Castellanos A, 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Feuillet F, Asehnoune K, Marzorati C, Spina S, Scaravilli V, Vargiolu A, Riva M, Giussani C, Sganzerla E, Citerio G, Barbadillo S, de Molina FJG, Álvarez-Lerma F, Rodríguez A, Zakharkina T, Martin-Loeches I, Matamoros S, Povoa P, Torres A, Kastelijn J, Hofstra JJ, de Jong M, Schultz M, Sterk P, Artigas A, Bos LJ, Moreau AS, Martin-Loeches I, Povoa P, Salluh J, Rodriguez A, Nseir S, de Jong E, van Oers JA, Beishuizen A, Girbes ARJ, Nijsten MWN, de Lange DW, Bonvicini D, Labate D, Benacchio L, Olivieri A, Pizzirani E, Lopez-Delgado JC, Gonzalez-Romero M, Fuentes-Mila V, Berbel-Franco D, Romera-Peregrina I, Martinez-Pascual A, Perez-Sanchez J, Abellan-Lencina R, Ávila-Espinoza RE, Moreno-Gonzalez G, Sbraga F, Griffiths S, Grocott MPW, Creagh-Brown B, Doyle J, Wilkerson P, Soon Y, Huddart S, Dickinson M, Riga A, Zuleika A, Miyamoto K, Kawazoe Y, Morimoto T, Yamamoto T, Fuke A, Hashimoto A, Koami H, Beppu S, Katayama Y, Ito M, Ohta Y, Yamamura H, Rygård SL, Holst LB, Wetterslev J, Johansson PI, Perner A, Soliman IW, de Lange DW, van Dijk D, van Delden JJM, Cremer OL, Slooter AJC, Peelen LM, McWilliams D, Snelson C, Neves AD, Loudet CI, Busico M, Vazquez D, Villalba D, Veronesi M, Lischinsky A, López FJL, Mori LB, Plotnikow G, Díaz A, Giannasi S, Hernandez R, Krzisnik L, Cecotti C, Viola L, Lopez R, Sottile JP, Benavent G, Estenssoro E, Chen CM, Lai CC, Cheng KC, Chou W, Chan KS, Roeker LE, Horkan CM, Gibbons FK, Christopher KB, Weijs PJM, Mogensen KM, Rawn JD, Robinson MK, Christopher KB, Tang Z, Qiu C, Ouyang B, Cai C, Guan X, Regueira T, Cea L, Carlos SJ, Elisa B, Puebla C, Vargas A, Poulsen MK, Thomsen LP, Kjærgaard S, Rees SE, Karbing DS, Wollersheim T, Frank S, Müller MC, Carbon NM, Skrypnikov V, Pickerodt PA, Falk R, Mahlau A, Weber-Carstens S, Lee A, Inglis R, Morgan R, Barker G, Kamata K, Abe T, Saitoh D, Tokuda Y, Green RS, Butler MB, Erdogan M, Hwa HT, Gil LJ, Vaquero RH, Rodriguez-Ruiz E, Lago AL, Allut JLG, Gestal AE, Gonzalez MAG, Thomas-Rüddel DO, Schwarzkopf D, Fleischmann C, Reinhart K, Suwanpasu S, Sattayasomboon Y, Filho NMF, Oliveira JCA, Ballalai CS, De Lucia CV, Araponga GP, Veiga LN, Silva CS, Garrido ME, Ramos BB, Ricaldi EF, Gomes SS, Gemmell L, MacKay A, Wright C, Docking RI, Doherty P, Black E, Stenhouse P, Plummer MP, Finnis ME, Phillips LK, Kar P, Bihari S, Biradar V, Moodie S, Horowitz M, Shaw JE, Deane AM, Yatabe T, Inoue S, Sakaguchi M, Egi M, Abdelhamid YA, Plummer MP, Finnis ME, Phillips LK, Kar P, Bihari S, Biradar V, Moodie S, Horowitz M, Shaw JE, Deane AM, Hokka M, Egi M, Mizobuchi S, Kar P, Plummer M, Abdelhamid YA, Giersch E, Summers M, Hatzinikolas S, Heller S, Chapman M, Jones K, Horowitz M, Deane A, Schweizer R, Jacquet-Lagreze M, Portran P, Junot S, Allaouchiche B, Fellahi JL, Guerci P, Ergin B, Kapucu A, Ince C, Cioccari L, Luethi N, Crisman M, Bellomo R, Mårtensson J, Shinotsuka CR, Fagnoul D, Brasseur A, Orbegozo D, Vincent JL, Preiser JC, Preiser JC, Lheureux O, Thooft A, Brimioulle S, Vincent JL, Iwasaka H, Tahara S, Nagamine M, Ichigatani A, Cabrera AR, Zepeda EM, Granillo JF, Sánchez JSA, Montoya AAT, Montenegro AP, Blanco GAG, Robles CMC, Drolz A, Horvatits T, Roedl K, Rutter K, Kluge S, Funk GC, Schneeweiss B, Fuhrmann V, Sabetian G, Pooresmaeel F, Zand F, Ghaffaripour S, Farbod A, Tabei H, Taheri L, Anandanadesan R, Metaxa V, Teixeira C, Pereira SM, Hernández-Marrero P, Carvalho AS, Beckmann M, Hartog CS, Schwarzkopf D, Raadts A, Robertsen A, Førde R, Skaga NO, Helseth E, Honeybul S, Ho K, Lopez PM, Gonzalez MN, Ortega PN, Sola EC, Spasova T, de la Torre-Prados MV, Kopecky O, Rusinova K, Waldauf P, Cepeplikova Z, Balik M, Domínguez JP, Almudevar PM, Carmona SA, Muñoz JJR, Castañeda DP, Abellán AN, Villamizar PR, Ramos JV, Pérez LP, Lucendo AP, Ejarque MC, Estella A, Camps VL, Martín MC, Masnou N, Barbosa S, Varela A, Palma I, Cristina L, Nunes E, Pereira I, Campello G, Granja C, Pande R, Pandey M, Varghese S, Chanu M, Van Dam MJ, Ter Braak EWMT, Estella A, Gracia M, Viciana R, Recuerda M, Fontaiña LP, Tharmalingam B, Kovari F, Rose L, Mcginlay M, Amin R, Burns K, Connolly B, Hart N, Jouvet P, Katz S, Leasa D, Mawdsley C, Mcauley D, Schultz M, Blackwood B, Denham S, Worrall R, Arshad M, Isherwood P, Khadjibaev A, Sabirov D, Rosstalnaya A, Parpibaev F, Sharipova V, Blanco GAG, Guzman CIO, Sánchez JSA, Granillo JF, Gupta S, Govil D, Srinivasan S, Patel SJ, N JK, Gupta A, Shafi M, Tomar DS, Harne R, Arora DP, Talwar N, Mazumdar S, Cha YS, Lee SJ, Tyagi N, Rajput RK, Taneja S, Singh VK, Sharma SC, Mittal S, Rao BK, Ayachi J, Fraj N, Romdhani S, Khedher A, Meddeb K, Sma N, Azouzi A, Bouneb R, Chouchene I, El Ghardallou M, Boussarsar M, Jennings R, Walter E, Ribeiro JM, Moniz I, Marçal R, Santos AC, Candeias C, e Silva ZC, Gomez SEZ, Nieto ORP, Gonzalez JAC, Cuellar AIV, Mildh H, Pettilä V, Korhonen AM, Karlsson S, Ala-Kokko T, Reinikainen M, Vaara ST, Zaleska-Kociecka M, Grabowski M, Dąbrowski M, Wozniak S, Piotrowska K, Banaszewski M, Imiela J. ESICM LIVES 2016: part two. Intensive Care Med Exp 2016. [PMCID: PMC5042923 DOI: 10.1186/s40635-016-0099-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Niederwieser D, Baldomero H, Szer J, Gratwohl M, Aljurf M, Atsuta Y, Bouzas LF, Confer D, Greinix H, Horowitz M, Iida M, Lipton J, Mohty M, Novitzky N, Nunez J, Passweg J, Pasquini MC, Kodera Y, Apperley J, Seber A, Gratwohl A. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation activity worldwide in 2012 and a SWOT analysis of the Worldwide Network for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Group including the global survey. Bone Marrow Transplant 2016; 51:778-85. [PMID: 26901703 DOI: 10.1038/bmt.2016.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 212] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2015] [Revised: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Data on 68 146 hematopoietic stem cell transplants (HSCTs) (53% autologous and 47% allogeneic) gathered by 1566 teams from 77 countries and reported through their regional transplant organizations were analyzed by main indication, donor type and stem cell source for the year 2012. With transplant rates ranging from 0.1 to 1001 per 10 million inhabitants, more HSCTs were registered from unrelated 16 433 donors than related 15 493 donors. Grafts were collected from peripheral blood (66%), bone marrow (24%; mainly non-malignant disorders) and cord blood (10%). Compared with 2006, an increase of 46% total (57% allogeneic and 38% autologous) was observed. Growth was due to an increase in reporting teams (18%) and median transplant activity/team (from 38 to 48 HSCTs/team). An increase of 167% was noted in mismatched/haploidentical family HSCT. A Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats (SWOT) analysis revealed the global perspective of WBMT to be its major strength and identified potential to be the key professional body for patients and authorities. The limited data collection remains its major weakness and threat. In conclusion, global HSCT grows over the years without plateauing (allogeneic>autologous) and at different rates in the four World Health Organization regions. Major increases were observed in allogeneic, haploidentical HSCT and, to a lesser extent, in cord blood transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Niederwieser
- The Worldwide Network of Blood and Marrow Transplantation (WBMT) Transplant Activity Survey Office, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Hematology-Oncology, University Hospital, Leipzig, Germany
| | - H Baldomero
- The Worldwide Network of Blood and Marrow Transplantation (WBMT) Transplant Activity Survey Office, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - J Szer
- The Australasian Bone Marrow Transplant Recipient Registry (ABMTRR), Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - M Gratwohl
- Institute for Operations Research and Computational Finances, University of St Gallen, St Gallen, Switzerland
| | - M Aljurf
- The Eastern Mediterranean Blood and Marrow Transplant Group (EMBMT), King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Y Atsuta
- Japanese Data Center for Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Nagoya, Japan
| | - L F Bouzas
- The Latin American Blood and Marrow Transplant Group (LABMT), Instituto Nacional de Cancer, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - D Confer
- National Marrow Donor Program, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - H Greinix
- Medical University of Graz, Division of Hematology, Graz, Austria
| | - M Horowitz
- The Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research (CIBMTR), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - M Iida
- The Asian Pacific Blood and Marrow Transplant Group (APBMT) Data Centre, Aichi Medical University, School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan
| | - J Lipton
- The Canadian Blood and Marrow Transplant Group (CBMTG), Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - M Mohty
- The European Blood and Marrow Transplant Group (EBMT), Hôpital St Antoine, St Antoine, Paris
| | - N Novitzky
- The African Blood and Marrow Transplant Group (AFBMT), Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - J Nunez
- The World Health Organization WHO, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - J Passweg
- The Worldwide Network of Blood and Marrow Transplantation (WBMT) Transplant Activity Survey Office, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - M C Pasquini
- The Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research (CIBMTR), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Y Kodera
- Aichi Medical University, School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan
| | - J Apperley
- Department of Hematology, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - A Seber
- Department of Pediatric, Hospital Samaritano, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - A Gratwohl
- The Worldwide Network of Blood and Marrow Transplantation (WBMT) Transplant Activity Survey Office, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Shapira YP, Smulakovsky V, Horowitz M. Experimental demonstration of nonlinear pulse propagation in a fiber Bragg grating written in a fiber amplifier. Opt Lett 2016; 41:5-8. [PMID: 26696144 DOI: 10.1364/ol.41.000005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We study experimentally nonlinear propagation of sub-nanosecond optical pulses in a fiber Bragg grating written in a Ytterbium-doped fiber amplifier (YD-FBG). The magnitude and the sign of group velocity dispersion (GVD) in YD-FBG can be controlled by adjusting the fiber tension. In the case of anomalous GVD, pulse breakup was observed due to modulation instability. However, for the same input pulse power in the normal GVD regime, the output pulse duration was increased, and pulse breakup was not observed. The deterioration of pulse spectrum due to Raman and four-wave mixing effect was also reduced in the normal GVD regime. Since GVD in YD-FBG is six orders of magnitude higher than in standard fibers, the advantages of normal GVD in fiber amplifiers that were demonstrated in previous works for femtosecond and picosecond pulses can be exploited for amplifying sub-nanosecond pulses. The experimental results are in good agreement with numerical simulations. We have also demonstrated a gain coefficient enhancement by a factor of 1.7 due to slow-light propagation in the YD-FBG.
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Plummer MP, Kar P, Cousins CE, Chapman MJ, Hausken T, Jones KL, Horowitz M, Deane AM. Nutrient-stimulated gallbladder emptying is incomplete during critical illness as assessed by 3D ultrasound. Intensive Care Med Exp 2015. [PMCID: PMC4798125 DOI: 10.1186/2197-425x-3-s1-a285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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