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Starling LT, McKay C, Cross M, Kemp S, Stokes KA. 'Do we know if we need to reduce head impact exposure?': A mixed-methods study highlighting the varied understanding of the long-term risk and consequence of head impact exposure across all stakeholders at the highest level of rugby union. S Afr J Sports Med 2023; 34:v34i1a13839. [PMID: 36815928 PMCID: PMC9924567 DOI: 10.17159/2078-516x/2022/v34i1a13839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background One strategy to prevent and manage concussion is to reduce head impacts, both those resulting in concussion and those that do not. Because objective data on the frequency and intensity of head impacts in rugby union (rugby) are sparse, stakeholders resort to individual perceptions to guide contact training. It is unknown whether there is a level of contact training that is protective in preparing elite players for contact during matches. Objectives This study aimed to describe how contact training is managed in elite male rugby, and how staff and players perceive contact training load and head impact load. Methods This was a sequential explanatory mixed-methods study. Forty-four directors of rugby, defence coaches, medical and strength/conditioning staff and 23 players across all 13 English Premiership Rugby Union clubs and the National senior team participated in semi-structured focus groups and completed two bespoke questionnaires. Results The study identified the varied understanding of what constitutes head impact exposure across all stakeholder groups, resulting in different interpretations and a range of management strategies. The findings suggest that elite clubs conduct low levels of contact training; however, participants believe that some exposure is required to prepare players and that efforts to reduce head impact exposure must allow for individualised contact training prescription. Conclusion There is a need for objective data, possibly from instrumented mouthguards to identify activities with a high risk for head impact and possible unintended consequences of reduced exposure to these activities. As data on head impact exposure develop, this must be accompanied with knowledge exchange within the rugby community.
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Affiliation(s)
- L T Starling
- Centre for Health and Injury and Illness Prevention in Sport, Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath,
UK
| | - C McKay
- Centre for Health and Injury and Illness Prevention in Sport, Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath,
UK
| | - M Cross
- Premiership Rugby Limited, Twickenham,
UK
| | - S Kemp
- Rugby Football Union, Twickenham,
UK,London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London,
UK
| | - K A Stokes
- Centre for Health and Injury and Illness Prevention in Sport, Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath,
UK,Rugby Football Union, Twickenham,
UK
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H, Fechner S, Mages V, Martens E, Methe H, Schmidt T, Schaeffer B, Hoffmann B, Moser J, Heitmann K, Willems S, Willems S, Klaus C, Lange I, Durak M, Esen E, Mibach F, Mibach H, Utech A, Gabelmann M, Stumm R, Ländle V, Gartner C, Goerg C, Kaul N, Messer S, Burkhardt D, Sander C, Orthen R, Kaes S, Baumer A, Dodos F, Barth A, Schaeffer G, Gaertner J, Winkler J, Fahrig A, Aring J, Wenzel I, Steiner S, Kliesch A, Kratz E, Winter K, Schneider P, Haag A, Mutscher I, Bosch R, Taggeselle J, Meixner S, Schnabel A, Shamalla A, Hötz H, Korinth A, Rheinert C, Mehltretter G, Schön B, Schön N, Starflinger A, Englmann E, Baytok G, Laschinger T, Ritscher G, Gerth A, Dechering D, Eckardt L, Kuhlmann M, Proskynitopoulos N, Brunn J, Foth K, Axthelm C, Hohensee H, Eberhard K, Turbanisch S, Hassler N, Koestler A, Stenzel G, Kschiwan D, Schwefer M, Neiner S, Hettwer S, Haeussler-Schuchardt M, Degenhardt R, Sennhenn S, Steiner S, Brendel M, Stoehr A, Widjaja W, Loehndorf S, Logemann A, Hoskamp J, Grundt J, 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Holst Hansen C, Engset I, Atar D, Dyduch-Fejklowicz B, Koba E, Cichocka M, Sokal A, Kubicius A, Pruchniewicz E, Kowalik-Sztylc A, Czapla W, Mróz I, Kozlowski M, Pawlowski T, Tendera M, Winiarska-Filipek A, Fidyk A, Slowikowski A, Haberka M, Lachor-Broda M, Biedron M, Gasior Z, Kołodziej M, Janion M, Gorczyca-Michta I, Wozakowska-Kaplon B, Stasiak M, Jakubowski P, Ciurus T, Drozdz J, Simiera M, Zajac P, Wcislo T, Zycinski P, Kasprzak J, Olejnik A, Harc-Dyl E, Miarka J, Pasieka M, Ziemińska-Łuć M, Bujak W, Śliwiński A, Grech A, Morka J, Petrykowska K, Prasał M, Hordyński G, Feusette P, Lipski P, Wester A, Streb W, Romanek J, Woźniak P, Chlebuś M, Szafarz P, Stanik W, Zakrzewski M, Kaźmierczak J, Przybylska A, Skorek E, Błaszczyk H, Stępień M, Szabowski S, Krysiak W, Szymańska M, Karasiński J, Blicharz J, Skura M, Hałas K, Michalczyk L, Orski Z, Krzyżanowski K, Skrobowski A, Zieliński L, Tomaszewska-Kiecana M, Dłużniewski M, Kiliszek M, Peller M, Budnik M, Balsam P, Opolski G, Tymińska A, 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M, Rimbas R, Grecu M, Cozma A, Boros F, Ille M, Tica O, Tor R, Corina A, Jeewooth A, Maria B, Georgiana C, Natalia C, Alin D, Dinu-Andrei D, Livia M, Daniela R, Larisa R, Umaar S, Tamara T, Ioachim Popescu M, Nistor D, Sus I, Coborosanu O, Alina-Ramona N, Dan R, Petrescu L, Ionescu G, Popescu I, Vacarescu C, Goanta E, Mangea M, Ionac A, Mornos C, Cozma D, Pescariu S, Solodovnicova E, Soldatova I, Shutova J, Tjuleneva L, Zubova T, Uskov V, Obukhov D, Rusanova G, Soldatova I, Isakova N, Odinsova S, Arhipova T, Kazakevich E, Serdechnaya E, Zavyalova O, Novikova T, Riabaia I, Zhigalov S, Drozdova E, Luchkina I, Monogarova Y, Hegya D, Rodionova L, Rodionova L, Nevzorova V, Soldatova I, Lusanova O, Arandjelovic A, Toncev D, Milanov M, Sekularac N, Zdravkovic M, Hinic S, Dimkovic S, Acimovic T, Saric J, Polovina M, Potpara T, Vujisic-Tesic B, Nedeljkovic M, Zlatar M, Asanin M, Vasic V, Popovic Z, Djikic D, Sipic M, Peric V, Dejanovic B, Milosevic N, Stevanovic A, Andric A, Pencic B, Pavlovic-Kleut M, Celic V, Pavlovic M, Petrovic M, Vuleta M, Petrovic N, Simovic S, Savovic Z, Milanov S, Davidovic G, Iric-Cupic V, Simonovic D, Stojanovic M, Stojanovic S, Mitic V, Ilic V, Petrovic D, Deljanin Ilic M, Ilic S, Stoickov V, Markovic S, Kovacevic S, García Fernandez A, Perez Cabeza A, Anguita M, Tercedor Sanchez L, Mau E, Loayssa J, Ayarra M, Carpintero M, Roldán Rabadan I, Leal M, Gil Ortega M, Tello Montoliu A, Orenes Piñero E, Manzano Fernández S, Marín F, Romero Aniorte A, Veliz Martínez A, Quintana Giner M, Ballesteros G, Palacio M, Alcalde O, García-Bolao I, Bertomeu Gonzalez V, Otero-Raviña F, García Seara J, Gonzalez Juanatey J, Dayal N, Maziarski P, Gentil-Baron P, Shah D, Koç M, Onrat E, Dural IE, Yilmaz K, Özin B, Tan Kurklu S, Atmaca Y, Canpolat U, Tokgozoglu L, Dolu AK, Demirtas B, Sahin D, Ozcan Celebi O, Diker E, Gagirci G, Turk UO, Ari H, Polat N, Toprak N, Sucu M, Akin Serdar O, Taha Alper A, Kepez A, Yuksel Y, Uzunselvi A, Yuksel S, Sahin M, Kayapinar 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M, Leonard D, Mishra B, Ahmad S, Randall H, Hill J, Reid L, George M, McKinley S, Brockway L, Milligan W, Sobolewska J, Muir J, Tuckis L, Winstanley L, Jacob P, Kaye S, Morby L, Jan A, Sewell T, Boos C, Wadams B, Cope C, Jefferey P, Andrews N, Getty A, Suttling A, Turner C, Hudson K, Austin R, Howe S, Iqbal R, Gandhi N, Brophy K, Mirza P, Willard E, Collins S, Ndlovu N, Subkovas E, Karthikeyan V, Waggett L, Wood A, Bolger A, Stockport J, Evans L, Harman E, Starling J, Williams L, Saul V, Sinha M, Bell L, Tudgay S, Kemp S, Brown J, Frost L, Ingram T, Loughlin A, Adams C, Adams M, Hurford F, Owen C, Miller C, Donaldson D, Tivenan H, Button H, Nasser A, Jhagra O, Stidolph B, Brown C, Livingstone C, Duffy M, Madgwick P, Roberts P, Greenwood E, Fletcher L, Beveridge M, Earles S, McKenzie D, Beacock D, Dayer M, Seddon M, Greenwell D, Luxton F, Venn F, Mills H, Rewbury J, James K, Roberts K, Tonks L, Felmeden D, Taggu W, Summerhayes A, Hughes D, Sutton J, Felmeden L, Khan M, Walker E, Norris L, O’Donohoe L, Mozid A, Dymond H, Lloyd-Jones H, Saunders G, Simmons D, Coles D, Cotterill D, Beech S, Kidd S, Wrigley B, Petkar S, Smallwood A, Jones R, Radford E, Milgate S, Metherell S, Cottam V, Buckley C, Broadley A, Wood D, Allison J, Rennie K, Balian L, Howard L, Pippard L, Board S, Pitt-Kerby T. Epidemiology and impact of frailty in patients with atrial fibrillation in Europe. Age Ageing 2022; 51:6670566. [PMID: 35997262 DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afac192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Frailty is a medical syndrome characterised by reduced physiological reserve and increased vulnerability to stressors. Data regarding the relationship between frailty and atrial fibrillation (AF) are still inconsistent. OBJECTIVES We aim to perform a comprehensive evaluation of frailty in a large European cohort of AF patients. METHODS A 40-item frailty index (FI) was built according to the accumulation of deficits model in the AF patients enrolled in the ESC-EHRA EORP-AF General Long-Term Registry. Association of baseline characteristics, clinical management, quality of life, healthcare resources use and risk of outcomes with frailty was examined. RESULTS Among 10,177 patients [mean age (standard deviation) 69.0 (11.4) years, 4,103 (40.3%) females], 6,066 (59.6%) were pre-frail and 2,172 (21.3%) were frail, whereas only 1,939 (19.1%) were considered robust. Baseline thromboembolic and bleeding risks were independently associated with increasing FI. Frail patients with AF were less likely to be treated with oral anticoagulants (OACs) (odds ratio 0.70, 95% confidence interval 0.55-0.89), especially with non-vitamin K antagonist OACs and managed with a rhythm control strategy, compared with robust patients. Increasing frailty was associated with a higher risk for all outcomes examined, with a non-linear exponential relationship. The use of OAC was associated with a lower risk of outcomes, except in patients with very/extremely high frailty. CONCLUSIONS In this large cohort of AF patients, there was a high burden of frailty, influencing clinical management and risk of adverse outcomes. The clinical benefit of OAC is maintained in patients with high frailty, but not in very high/extremely frail ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Proietti
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Liverpool and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK.,Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Geriatric Unit, IRCCS Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulio Francesco Romiti
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Liverpool and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK.,Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza - University of Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Vitolo
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Liverpool and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK.,Cardiology Division, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Policlinico di Modena, Modena, Italy.,Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Stephanie L Harrison
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Liverpool and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK
| | - Deirdre A Lane
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Liverpool and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Laurent Fauchier
- Service de Cardiologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Trousseau, Tours, France
| | - Francisco Marin
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, IMIB-Arrixaca, University of Murcia, CIBER-CV, Murcia, Spain
| | - Michael Näbauer
- Department of Cardiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Tatjana S Potpara
- School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.,Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Gheorghe-Andrei Dan
- University of Medicine, 'Carol Davila', Colentina University Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Aldo P Maggioni
- ANMCO Research Center, Heart Care Foundation, Florence, Italy
| | - Matteo Cesari
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Geriatric Unit, IRCCS Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Boriani
- Cardiology Division, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Policlinico di Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Gregory Y H Lip
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Liverpool and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
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De Bono J, Hannaford L, Jones V, Kemp S, Newcomb A, Unaldi H. P56 Unnecessary Chest X-Rays? Heart Lung Circ 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2021.03.259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Devarajan S, Meurer M, van Roermund CWT, Chen X, Hettema EH, Kemp S, Knop M, Williams C. Proteasome-dependent protein quality control of the peroxisomal membrane protein Pxa1p. Biochim Biophys Acta Biomembr 2020; 1862:183342. [PMID: 32416190 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2020.183342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Peroxisomes are eukaryotic organelles that function in numerous metabolic pathways and defects in peroxisome function can cause serious developmental brain disorders such as adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD). Peroxisomal membrane proteins (PMPs) play a crucial role in regulating peroxisome function. Therefore, PMP homeostasis is vital for peroxisome function. Recently, we established that certain PMPs are degraded by the Ubiquitin Proteasome System yet little is known about how faulty/non-functional PMPs undergo quality control. Here we have investigated the degradation of Pxa1p, a fatty acid transporter in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Pxa1p is a homologue of the human protein ALDP and mutations in ALDP result in the severe disorder ALD. By introducing two corresponding ALDP mutations into Pxa1p (Pxa1MUT), fused to mGFP, we show that Pxa1MUT-mGFP is rapidly degraded from peroxisomes in a proteasome-dependent manner, while wild type Pxa1-mGFP remains relatively stable. Furthermore, we identify a role for the ubiquitin ligase Ufd4p in Pxa1MUT-mGFP degradation. Finally, we establish that inhibiting Pxa1MUT-mGFP degradation results in a partial rescue of Pxa1p activity in cells. Together, our data demonstrate that faulty PMPs can undergo proteasome-dependent quality control. Furthermore, our observations may provide new insights into the role of ALDP degradation in ALD.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Devarajan
- Department of Cell Biochemistry, University of Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - M Meurer
- Zentrum für Molekulare Biologie der Universität Heidelberg (ZMBH), DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - C W T van Roermund
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, the Netherlands
| | - X Chen
- Department of Cell Biochemistry, University of Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - E H Hettema
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - S Kemp
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, the Netherlands
| | - M Knop
- Zentrum für Molekulare Biologie der Universität Heidelberg (ZMBH), DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Heidelberg, Germany; Cell Morphogenesis and Signal Transduction, German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - C Williams
- Department of Cell Biochemistry, University of Groningen, the Netherlands.
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Silbernagel KM, Jechorek RP, Carver CN, Horter BL, Lindberg KG, Aleo V, Anderson G, Bannach B, Bulthaus M, Cha K, Dixon K, Hemming B, Horter B, Iannucci; M, Johnson A, Johnson K, Kaufer A, Kemp S, King J, Kupski B, Kusch S, Luebbert B, Lyke H, Makepeace; C, Otten N, Schomogy T, Strand S, Xiong C. 3M™ Petrifilm™ Staph Express Count Plate Method for the Enumeration of Staphylococcus aureus in Selected Dairy Foods: Collaborative Study. J AOAC Int 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/86.5.963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The 3M™ Petrifilm™ Staph Express Count plate method was compared with AOAC Official Method 975.55 for the enumeration of Staphylococcus aureus in selected foods. Five foods—ice cream, raw milk, yogurt, whey powder, and cheese—were analyzed for S. aureus by 12 collaborating laboratories. For each food tested, the collaborators received 8 blind test samples consisting of a control sample, a low inoculation level, a medium inoculation level, and a medium inoculation level with background flora, each in duplicate. The mean log10 counts for the methods were comparable for all 5 foods. The repeatability and reproducibility variances of the 24 h Petrifilm Staph Express Count plate method were similar to those of the 72 h standard method.
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Barnett J, Pulzato I, Burn T, Zafar S, Hine J, Bartlett E, Shah P, Nicholson A, Ridge C, Padley S, Molyneaux P, Kemp S, Devaraj A. P1.11-30 Very Rapid Growth of Small Pulmonary Nodules Predicts Benignity. J Thorac Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.08.1103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Bartlett E, Kemp S, Desai S, Mirsadraee S, Ridge C, Morjaria J, Shah P, Morris K, Derbyshire J, Chen M, Peacock C, Ivashniova N, Martins M, Addis J, Padley S, Devaraj A. MA10.10 Uptake in Lung Cancer Screening – Does CT Location Matter? A Pilot Study Comparison of a Mobile and Hospital Based CT Scanner. J Thorac Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.08.581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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8
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Barnett J, Pulzato I, Padley S, Jordan S, Nicholson A, Rice A, Choraria A, Javed M, Lee Y, Kemp S, Shah P, Devaraj A. Radiological-pathological correlation of negative CT biopsy results enables high negative predictive value for thoracic malignancy. Lung Cancer 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(19)30082-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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9
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Park W, Srikanth K, Lim D, Park M, Hur T, Kemp S, Dessie T, Kim MS, Lee SR, te Pas MFW, Kim JM, Park JE. Comparative transcriptome analysis of Ethiopian indigenous chickens from low and high altitudes under heat stress condition reveals differential immune response. Anim Genet 2018; 50:42-53. [DOI: 10.1111/age.12740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- W. Park
- Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division; National Institute of Animal Science, RDA; Wanju 55365 Korea
| | - K. Srikanth
- Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division; National Institute of Animal Science, RDA; Wanju 55365 Korea
| | - D. Lim
- Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division; National Institute of Animal Science, RDA; Wanju 55365 Korea
| | - M. Park
- Animal Breeding and Genomics Division; National Institute of Animal Science, RDA; Wanju 55365 Korea
| | - T. Hur
- Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division; National Institute of Animal Science, RDA; Wanju 55365 Korea
| | - S. Kemp
- Animal Biosciences; International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI); P.O. Box 30709 Nairobi 00100 Kenya
| | - T. Dessie
- Animal Biosciences; International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI); P.O. Box 5689 Addis Ababa Ethiopia
| | - M. S. Kim
- Department of Animal Science; College of Agriculture and Life Sciences; Chonnam National University; Republic of Korea Gwangju 61186 Korea
| | - S.-R. Lee
- Department of Agro-biotechnology Convergence; Jeonju University; Republic of Korea 55069 Jeonju Korea
| | - M. F. W. te Pas
- Animal Breeding and Genomics; Wageningen UR Livestock Research; 6700AH Wageningen The Netherlands
| | - J.-M. Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Technology; Chung-Ang University; Anseong Gyeonggi-do 17546 Korea
| | - J.-E. Park
- Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division; National Institute of Animal Science, RDA; Wanju 55365 Korea
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Redondo MJ, Geyer S, Steck AK, Sharp S, Wentworth JM, Weedon MN, Antinozzi P, Sosenko J, Atkinson M, Pugliese A, Oram RA, Antinozzi P, Atkinson M, Battaglia M, Becker D, Bingley P, Bosi E, Buckner J, Colman P, Gottlieb P, Herold K, Insel R, Kay T, Knip M, Marks J, Moran A, Palmer J, Peakman M, Philipson L, Pugliese A, Raskin P, Rodriguez H, Roep B, Russell W, Schatz D, Wherrett D, Wilson D, Winter W, Ziegler A, Benoist C, Blum J, Chase P, Clare-Salzler M, Clynes R, Eisenbarth G, Fathman C, Grave G, Hering B, Kaufman F, Leschek E, Mahon J, Nanto-Salonen K, Nepom G, Orban T, Parkman R, Pescovitz M, Peyman J, Roncarolo M, Simell O, Sherwin R, Siegelman M, Steck A, Thomas J, Trucco M, Wagner J, Greenbaum ,CJ, Bourcier K, Insel R, Krischer JP, Leschek E, Rafkin L, Spain L, Cowie C, Foulkes M, Krause-Steinrauf H, Lachin JM, Malozowski S, Peyman J, Ridge J, Savage P, Skyler JS, Zafonte SJ, Kenyon NS, Santiago I, Sosenko JM, Bundy B, Abbondondolo M, Adams T, Amado D, Asif I, Boonstra M, Bundy B, Burroughs C, Cuthbertson D, Deemer M, Eberhard C, Fiske S, Ford J, Garmeson J, Guillette H, Browning G, Coughenour T, Sulk M, Tsalikan E, Tansey M, Cabbage J, Dixit N, Pasha S, King M, Adcock K, Geyer S, Atterberry H, Fox L, Englert K, Mauras N, Permuy J, Sikes K, Berhe T, Guendling B, McLennan L, Paganessi L, Hays B, Murphy C, Draznin M, Kamboj M, Sheppard S, Lewis V, Coates L, Moore W, Babar G, Bedard J, Brenson-Hughes D, Henderson C, Cernich J, Clements M, Duprau R, Goodman S, Hester L, Huerta-Saenz L, Karmazin A, Letjen T, Raman S, Morin D, Henry M, Bestermann W, Morawski E, White J, Brockmyer A, Bays R, Campbell S, Stapleton A, Stone N, Donoho A, Everett H, Heyman K, Hensley H, Johnson M, Marshall C, Skirvin N, Taylor P, Williams R, Ray L, Wolverton C, Nickels D, Dothard C, Hsiao B, Speiser P, Pellizzari M, Bokor L, Izuora K, Abdelnour S, Cummings P, Paynor S, Leahy M, Riedl M, Shockley S, Karges C, Saad R, Briones T, Casella S, Herz C, Walsh K, Greening J, Hay F, Hunt S, Sikotra N, Simons L, Keaton N, Karounos D, Oremus R, Dye L, Myers L, Ballard D, Miers W, Sparks R, Thraikill K, Edwards K, Fowlkes J, Kinderman A, Kemp S, Morales A, Holland L, Johnson L, Paul P, Ghatak A, Phelen K, Leyland H, Henderson T, Brenner D, Law P, Oppenheimer E, Mamkin I, Moniz C, Clarson C, Lovell M, Peters A, Ruelas V, Borut D, Burt D, Jordan M, Leinbach A, Castilla S, Flores P, Ruiz M, Hanson L, Green-Blair J, Sheridan R, Wintergerst K, Pierce G, Omoruyi A, Foster M, Linton C, Kingery S, Lunsford A, Cervantes I, Parker T, Price P, Urben J, Doughty I, Haydock H, Parker V, Bergman P, Liu S, Duncum S, Rodda C, Thomas A, Ferry R, McCommon D, Cockroft J, Perelman A, Calendo R, Barrera C, Arce-Nunez E, Lloyd J, Martinez Y, De la Portilla M, Cardenas I, Garrido L, Villar M, Lorini R, Calandra E, D’Annuzio G, Perri K, Minuto N, Malloy J, Rebora C, Callegari R, Ali O, Kramer J, Auble B, Cabrera S, Donohoue P, Fiallo-Scharer R, Hessner M, Wolfgram P, Maddox K, Kansra A, Bettin N, McCuller R, Miller A, Accacha S, Corrigan J, Fiore E, Levine R, Mahoney T, Polychronakos C, Martin J, Gagne V, Starkman H, Fox M, Chin D, Melchionne F, Silverman L, Marshall I, Cerracchio L, Cruz J, Viswanathan A, Miller J, Wilson J, Chalew S, Valley S, Layburn S, Lala A, Clesi P, Genet M, Uwaifo G, Charron A, Allerton T, Milliot E, Cefalu W, Melendez-Ramirez L, Richards R, Alleyn C, Gustafson E, Lizanna M, Wahlen J, Aleiwe S, Hansen M, Wahlen H, Moore M, Levy C, Bonaccorso A, Rapaport R, Tomer Y, Chia D, Goldis M, Iazzetti L, Klein M, Levister C, Waldman L, Muller S, Wallach E, Regelmann M, Antal Z, Aranda M, Reynholds C, Leech N, Wake D, Owens C, Burns M, Wotherspoon J, Nguyen T, Murray A, Short K, Curry G, Kelsey S, Lawson J, Porter J, Stevens S, Thomson E, Winship S, Wynn L, O’Donnell R, Wiltshire E, Krebs J, Cresswell P, Faherty H, Ross C, Vinik A, Barlow P, Bourcier M, Nevoret M, Couper J, Oduah V, Beresford S, Thalagne N, Roper H, Gibbons J, Hill J, Balleaut S, Brennan C, Ellis-Gage J, Fear L, Gray T, Pilger J, Jones L, McNerney C, Pointer L, Price N, Few K, Tomlinson D, Denvir L, Drew J, Randell T, Mansell P, Roberts A, Bell S, Butler S, Hooton Y, Navarra H, Roper A, Babington G, Crate L, Cripps H, Ledlie A, Moulds C, Sadler K, Norton R, Petrova B, Silkstone O, Smith C, Ghai K, Murray M, Viswanathan V, Henegan M, Kawadry O, Olson J, Stavros T, Patterson L, Ahmad T, Flores B, Domek D, Domek S, Copeland K, George M, Less J, Davis T, Short M, Tamura R, Dwarakanathan A, O’Donnell P, Boerner B, Larson L, Phillips M, Rendell M, Larson K, Smith C, Zebrowski K, Kuechenmeister L, Wood K, Thevarayapillai M, Daniels M, Speer H, Forghani N, Quintana R, Reh C, Bhangoo A, Desrosiers P, Ireland L, Misla T, Xu P, Torres C, Wells S, Villar J, Yu M, Berry D, Cook D, Soder J, Powell A, Ng M, Morrison M, Young K, Haslam Z, Lawson M, Bradley B, Courtney J, Richardson C, Watson C, Keely E, DeCurtis D, Vaccarcello-Cruz M, Torres Z, Alies P, Sandberg K, Hsiang H, Joy B, McCormick D, Powell A, Jones H, Bell J, Hargadon S, Hudson S, Kummer M, Badias F, Sauder S, Sutton E, Gensel K, Aguirre-Castaneda R, Benavides Lopez V, Hemp D, Allen S, Stear J, Davis E, Jones T, Baker A, Roberts A, Dart J, Paramalingam N, Levitt Katz L, Chaudhary N, Murphy K, Willi S, Schwartzman B, Kapadia C, Larson D, Bassi M, McClellan D, Shaibai G, Kelley L, Villa G, Kelley C, Diamond R, Kabbani M, Dajani T, Hoekstra F, Magorno M, Beam C, Holst J, Chauhan V, Wilson N, Bononi P, Sperl M, Millward A, Eaton M, Dean L, Olshan J, Renna H, Boulware D, Milliard C, Snyder D, Beaman S, Burch K, Chester J, Ahmann A, Wollam B, DeFrang D, Fitch R, Jahnke K, Bounmananh L, Hanavan K, Klopfenstein B, Nicol L, Bergstrom R, Noland T, Brodksy J, Bacon L, Quintos J, Topor L, Bialo S, Bream S, Bancroft B, Soto A, Lagarde W, Lockemer H, Vanderploeg T, Ibrahim M, Huie M, Sanchez V, Edelen R, Marchiando R, Freeman D, Palmer J, Repas T, Wasson M, Auker P, Culbertson J, Kieffer T, Voorhees D, Borgwardt T, DeRaad L, Eckert K, Gough J, Isaacson E, Kuhn H, Carroll A, Schubert M, Francis G, Hagan S, Le T, Penn M, Wickham E, Leyva C, Ginem J, Rivera K, Padilla J, Rodriguez I, Jospe N, Czyzyk J, Johnson B, Nadgir U, Marlen N, Prakasam G, Rieger C, Granger M, Glaser N, Heiser E, Harris B, Foster C, Slater H, Wheeler K, Donaldson D, Murray M, Hale D, Tragus R, Holloway M, Word D, Lynch J, Pankratz L, Rogers W, Newfield R, Holland S, Hashiguchi M, Gottschalk M, Philis-Tsimikas A, Rosal R, Kieffer M, Franklin S, Guardado S, Bohannon N, Garcia M, Aguinaldo T, Phan J, Barraza V, Cohen D, Pinsker J, Khan U, Lane P, Wiley J, Jovanovic L, Misra P, Wright M, Cohen D, Huang K, Skiles M, Maxcy S, Pihoker C, Cochrane K, Nallamshetty L, Fosse J, Kearns S, Klingsheim M, Wright N, Viles L, Smith H, Heller S, Cunningham M, Daniels A, Zeiden L, Parrimon Y, Field J, Walker R, Griffin K, Bartholow L, Erickson C, Howard J, Krabbenhoft B, Sandman C, Vanveldhuizen A, Wurlger J, Paulus K, Zimmerman A, Hanisch K, Davis-Keppen L, Cotterill A, Kirby J, Harris M, Schmidt A, Kishiyama C, Flores C, Milton J, Ramiro J, Martin W, Whysham C, Yerka A, Freels T, Hassing J, Webster J, Green R, Carter P, Galloway J, Hoelzer D, Ritzie AQL, Roberts S, Said S, Sullivan P, Allen H, Reiter E, Feinberg E, Johnson C, Newhook L, Hagerty D, White N, Sharma A, Levandoski L, Kyllo J, Johnson M, Benoit C, Iyer P, Diamond F, Hosono H, Jackman S, Barette L, Jones P, Shor A, Sills I, Bzdick S, Bulger J, Weinstock R, Douek I, Andrews R, Modgill G, Gyorffy G, Robin L, Vaidya N, Song X, Crouch S, O’Brien K, Thompson C, Thorne N, Blumer J, Kalic J, Klepek L, Paulett J, Rosolowski B, Horner J, Terry A, Watkins M, Casey J, Carpenter K, Burns C, Horton J, Pritchard C, Soetaert D, Wynne A, Kaiserman K, Halvorson M, Weinberger J, Chin C, Molina O, Patel C, Senguttuvan R, Wheeler M, Furet O, Steuhm C, Jelley D, Goudeau S, Chalmers L, Wootten M, Greer D, Panagiotopoulos C, Metzger D, Nguyen D, Horowitz M, Christiansen M, Glades E, Morimoto C, Macarewich M, Norman R, Harding P, Patin K, Vargas C, Barbanica A, Yu A, Vaidyanathan P, Osborne W, Mehra R, Kaster S, Neace S, Horner J, McDonough S, Reeves G, Cordrey C, Marrs L, Miller T, Dowshen S, Doyle D, Walker S, Catte D, Dean H, Drury-Brown M, McGee PF, Hackman B, Lee M, Malkani S, Cullen K, Johnson K, Hampton P, McCarrell M, Curtis C, Paul E, Zambrano Y, Hess KO, Phoebus D, Quinlan S, Raiden E, Batts E, Buddy C, Kirpatrick K, Ramey M, Shultz A, Webb C, Romesco M, Fradkin J, Blumberg E, Beck G, Brillon D, Gubitosi-Klug R, Laffel L, Veatch R, Wallace D, Braun J, Lernmark A, Lo B, Mitchell H, Naji A, Nerup J, Orchard T, Steffes M, Tsiatis A, Zinman B, Loechelt B, Baden L, Green M, Weinberg A, Marcovina S, Palmer JP, Weinberg A, Yu L, Babu S, Winter W, Eisenbarth GS, Bingley P, Clynes R, DiMeglio L, Eisenbarth G, Hays B, Marks J, Matheson D, Rodriguez H, Wilson D, Redondo MJ, Gomez D, Zheng X, Pena S, Pietropaolo M, Batts E, Brown T, Buckner J, Dove A, Hammond M, 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Espinoza O, Frank E, Liu J, Perry J, Pyle R, Rigby A, Riley K, Soto A, Gitelman S, Adi S, Anderson M, Berhel A, Breen K, Fraser K, Gerard-Gonzalez A, Jossan P, Lustig R, Moassesfar S, Mugg A, Ng D, Prahalod P, Rangel-Lugo M, Sanda S, Tarkoff J, Torok C, Wesch R, Aslan I, Buchanan J, Cordier J, Hamilton C, Hawkins L, Ho T, Jain A, Ko K, Lee T, Phelps S, Rosenthal S, Sahakitrungruang T, Stehl L, Taylor L, Wertz M, Wong J, Philipson L, Briars R, Devine N, Littlejohn E, Grant T, Gottlieb P, Klingensmith G, Steck A, Alkanani A, Bautista K, Bedoy R, Blau A, Burke B, Cory L, Dang M, Fitzgerald-Miller L, Fouts A, Gage V, Garg S, Gesauldo P, Gutin R, Hayes C, Hoffman M, Ketchum K, Logsden-Sackett N, Maahs D, Messer L, Meyers L, Michels A, Peacock S, Rewers M, Rodriguez P, Sepulbeda F, Sippl R, Steck A, Taki I, Tran BK, Tran T, Wadwa RP, Zeitler P, Barker J, Barry S, Birks L, Bomsburger L, Bookert T, Briggs L, Burdick P, Cabrera R, Chase P, Cobry E, Conley A, Cook G, Daniels J, DiDomenico D, 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Castleden H, Farthing N, Loud S, Matthews C, McGhee J, Morgan A, Pollitt J, Elliot-Jones R, Wheaton C, Knip M, Siljander H, Suomalainen H, Colman P, Healy F, Mesfin S, Redl L, Wentworth J, Willis J, Farley M, Harrison L, Perry C, Williams F, Mayo A, Paxton J, Thompson V, Volin L, Fenton C, Carr L, Lemon E, Swank M, Luidens M, Salgam M, Sharma V, Schade D, King C, Carano R, Heiden J, Means N, Holman L, Thomas I, Madrigal D, Muth T, Martin C, Plunkett C, Ramm C, Auchus R, Lane W, Avots E, Buford M, Hale C, Hoyle J, Lane B, Muir A, Shuler S, Raviele N, Ivie E, Jenkins M, Lindsley K, Hansen I, Fadoju D, Felner E, Bode B, Hosey R, Sax J, Jefferies C, Mannering S, Prentis R, She J, Stachura M, Hopkins D, Williams J, Steed L, Asatapova E, Nunez S, Knight S, Dixon P, Ching J, Donner T, Longnecker S, Abel K, Arcara K, Blackman S, Clark L, Cooke D, Plotnick L, Levin P, Bromberger L, Klein K, Sadurska K, Allen C, Michaud D, Snodgrass H, Burghen G, Chatha S, Clark C, Silverberg J, Wittmer C, Gardner J, LeBoeuf C, Bell P, McGlore O, Tennet H, Alba N, Carroll M, Baert L, Beaton H, Cordell E, Haynes A, Reed C, Lichter K, McCarthy P, McCarthy S, Monchamp T, Roach J, Manies S, Gunville F, Marosok L, Nelson T, Ackerman K, Rudolph J, Stewart M, McCormick K, May S, Falls T, Barrett T, Dale K, Makusha L, McTernana C, Penny-Thomas K, Sullivan K, Narendran P, Robbie J, Smith D, Christensen R, Koehler B, Royal C, Arthur T, Houser H, Renaldi J, Watsen S, Wu P, Lyons L, House B, Yu J, Holt H, Nation M, Vickers C, Watling R, Heptulla R, Trast J, Agarwal C, Newell D, Katikaneni R, Gardner C, Del Rio A, Logan A, Collier H, Rishton C, Whalley G, Ali A, Ramtoola S, Quattrin T, Mastrandea L, House A, Ecker M, Huang C, Gougeon C, Ho J, Pacuad D, Dunger D, May J, O’Brien C, Acerini C, Salgin B, Thankamony A, Williams R, Buse J, Fuller G, Duclos M, Tricome J, Brown H, Pittard D, Bowlby D, Blue A, Headley T, Bendre S, Lewis K, Sutphin K, Soloranzo C, Puskaric J, Madison H, Rincon M, Carlucci M, 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Trunnel S, Transue D, Surhigh J, Bezzaire D, Moltz K, Zacharski E, Henske J, Desai S, Frizelis K, Khan F, Sjoberg R, Allen K, Manning P, Hendry G, Taylor B, Jones S, Couch R, Danchak R, Lieberman D, Strader W, Bencomo M, Bailey T, Bedolla L, Roldan C, Moudiotis C, Vaidya B, Anning C, Bunce S, Estcourt S, Folland E, Gordon E, Harrill C, Ireland J, Piper J, Scaife L, Sutton K, Wilkins S, Costelloe M, Palmer J, Casas L, Miller C, Burgard M, Erickson C, Hallanger-Johnson J, Clark P, Taylor W, Galgani J, Banerjee S, Banda C, McEowen D, Kinman R, Lafferty A, Gillett S, Nolan C, Pathak M, Sondrol L, Hjelle T, Hafner S, Kotrba J, Hendrickson R, Cemeroglu A, Symington T, Daniel M, Appiagyei-Dankah Y, Postellon D, Racine M, Kleis L, Barnes K, Godwin S, McCullough H, Shaheen K, Buck G, Noel L, Warren M, Weber S, Parker S, Gillespie I, Nelson B, Frost C, Amrhein J, Moreland E, Hayes A, Peggram J, Aisenberg J, Riordan M, Zasa J, Cummings E, Scott K, Pinto T, Mokashi A, McAssey K, Helden E, Hammond P, Dinning L, Rahman S, Ray S, Dimicri C, Guppy S, Nielsen H, Vogel C, Ariza C, Morales L, Chang Y, Gabbay R, Ambrocio L, Manley L, Nemery R, Charlton W, Smith P, Kerr L, Steindel-Kopp B, Alamaguer M, Tabisola-Nuesca E, Pendersen A, Larson N, Cooper-Olviver H, Chan D, Fitz-Patrick D, Carreira T, Park Y, Ruhaak R, Liljenquist D. A Type 1 Diabetes Genetic Risk Score Predicts Progression of Islet Autoimmunity and Development of Type 1 Diabetes in Individuals at Risk. Diabetes Care 2018; 41:1887-1894. [PMID: 30002199 PMCID: PMC6105323 DOI: 10.2337/dc18-0087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We tested the ability of a type 1 diabetes (T1D) genetic risk score (GRS) to predict progression of islet autoimmunity and T1D in at-risk individuals. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We studied the 1,244 TrialNet Pathway to Prevention study participants (T1D patients' relatives without diabetes and with one or more positive autoantibodies) who were genotyped with Illumina ImmunoChip (median [range] age at initial autoantibody determination 11.1 years [1.2-51.8], 48% male, 80.5% non-Hispanic white, median follow-up 5.4 years). Of 291 participants with a single positive autoantibody at screening, 157 converted to multiple autoantibody positivity and 55 developed diabetes. Of 953 participants with multiple positive autoantibodies at screening, 419 developed diabetes. We calculated the T1D GRS from 30 T1D-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms. We used multivariable Cox regression models, time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curves, and area under the curve (AUC) measures to evaluate prognostic utility of T1D GRS, age, sex, Diabetes Prevention Trial-Type 1 (DPT-1) Risk Score, positive autoantibody number or type, HLA DR3/DR4-DQ8 status, and race/ethnicity. We used recursive partitioning analyses to identify cut points in continuous variables. RESULTS Higher T1D GRS significantly increased the rate of progression to T1D adjusting for DPT-1 Risk Score, age, number of positive autoantibodies, sex, and ethnicity (hazard ratio [HR] 1.29 for a 0.05 increase, 95% CI 1.06-1.6; P = 0.011). Progression to T1D was best predicted by a combined model with GRS, number of positive autoantibodies, DPT-1 Risk Score, and age (7-year time-integrated AUC = 0.79, 5-year AUC = 0.73). Higher GRS was significantly associated with increased progression rate from single to multiple positive autoantibodies after adjusting for age, autoantibody type, ethnicity, and sex (HR 2.27 for GRS >0.295, 95% CI 1.47-3.51; P = 0.0002). CONCLUSIONS The T1D GRS independently predicts progression to T1D and improves prediction along T1D stages in autoantibody-positive relatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria J. Redondo
- Texas Children’s Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | | | - Andrea K. Steck
- Barbara Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
| | - Seth Sharp
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter, Exeter, U.K
| | - John M. Wentworth
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research and Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael N. Weedon
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter, Exeter, U.K
| | | | | | | | | | - Richard A. Oram
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter, Exeter, U.K
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Kemp S, Allan RS, Patanjali N, Barnett MH, Jonker BP. Neurological deficit following stereotactic radiosurgery for trigeminal neuralgia. J Clin Neurosci 2016; 34:229-231. [PMID: 27760694 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2016.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2015] [Revised: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We report a unique case of neurological deficit from late onset multiple sclerosis (MS), in a 65-year-old woman, after stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) for trigeminal neuralgia (TN). At 3.5months post-SRS for TN, the patient developed ataxia and left leg paraesthesiae and brain MRI showed altered signal and enhancement in the vicinity of the right trigeminal root entry zone (REZ). The symptoms remitted following treatment with intravenous methylprednisolone, however, 10months post-SRS, the patient developed gait ataxia and left lower limb weakness. MRI showed persistent T2 changes at the REZ and multiple new non-enhancing white matter lesions in the cerebrum and spinal cord; and oligoclonal bands were present in the cerebrospinal fluid but not serum. A diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS) was made. This report raises the issue of whether the risk of radiation-induced toxicity is increased in patients with MS treated with SRS. We hypothesise that breakdown in the blood brain barrier secondary to the radiosurgery may have triggered a vigorous local inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kemp
- RPA Institute of Academic Surgery and Department of Neurosurgery, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Missenden Road, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
| | - R S Allan
- RPA Institute of Academic Surgery and Department of Neurosurgery, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Missenden Road, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
| | - N Patanjali
- RPA Institute of Academic Surgery and Department of Neurosurgery, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Missenden Road, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
| | - M H Barnett
- RPA Institute of Academic Surgery and Department of Neurosurgery, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Missenden Road, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia; Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
| | - B P Jonker
- RPA Institute of Academic Surgery and Department of Neurosurgery, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Missenden Road, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia; Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia.
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Hopkins SA, Butler K, Guttridge A, Kemp S, Freytag R, Hinds EA, Tarbutt MR, Cornish SL. Publisher's Note: "A versatile dual-species Zeeman slower for caesium and ytterbium" [Rev. Sci. Instrum. 87, 043109 (2016)]. Rev Sci Instrum 2016; 87:049903. [PMID: 27131726 DOI: 10.1063/1.4948463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S A Hopkins
- Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Department of Physics, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - K Butler
- Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Department of Physics, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - A Guttridge
- Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Department of Physics, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - S Kemp
- Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Department of Physics, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - R Freytag
- Centre for Cold Matter, Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - E A Hinds
- Centre for Cold Matter, Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - M R Tarbutt
- Centre for Cold Matter, Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - S L Cornish
- Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Department of Physics, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
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Hopkins SA, Butler K, Guttridge A, Kemp S, Freytag R, Hinds EA, Tarbutt MR, Cornish SL. A versatile dual-species Zeeman slower for caesium and ytterbium. Rev Sci Instrum 2016; 87:043109. [PMID: 27131656 DOI: 10.1063/1.4945795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We describe the design, construction, and operation of a versatile dual-species Zeeman slower for both Cs and Yb, which is easily adaptable for use with other alkali metals and alkaline earths. With the aid of analytic models and numerical simulation of decelerator action, we highlight several real-world problems affecting the performance of a slower and discuss effective solutions. To capture Yb into a magneto-optical trap (MOT), we use the broad (1)S0 to (1)P1 transition at 399 nm for the slower and the narrow (1)S0 to (3)P1 intercombination line at 556 nm for the MOT. The Cs MOT and slower both use the D2 line (6(2)S1/2 to 6(2)P3/2) at 852 nm. The slower can be switched between loading Yb or Cs in under 0.1 s. We demonstrate that within a few seconds the Zeeman slower loads more than 10(9) Yb atoms and 10(8) Cs atoms into their respective MOTs. These are ideal starting numbers for further experiments on ultracold mixtures and molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Hopkins
- Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Department of Physics, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - K Butler
- Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Department of Physics, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - A Guttridge
- Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Department of Physics, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - S Kemp
- Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Department of Physics, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - R Freytag
- Centre for Cold Matter, Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - E A Hinds
- Centre for Cold Matter, Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - M R Tarbutt
- Centre for Cold Matter, Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - S L Cornish
- Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Department of Physics, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
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Henry MLE, Kemp S, Clarke IJ, Dunshea FR, Leury BJ. Production and physiological effects of perennial ryegrass alkaloids under thermoneutral conditions in Merinos. Anim Prod Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1071/an14731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A confined feeding study was conducted to compare the production and physiological effects of feeding three doses of wild-type perennial ryegrass alkaloids via whole seed to Merino sheep housed under thermoneutral conditions (21°C, 50% relative humidity). Eighteen Merino ewe weaners (16 months; initial bodyweight 47 ± 1.94 kg) were offered Nil, Low (50 µg/kg liveweight ergovaline, 22 µg/kg liveweight lolitrem B) or High (100 µg/kg liveweight ergovaline, 44 µg/kg liveweight lolitrem B) doses of alkaloids for 21 days. Dry matter intake tended (P = 0.072) to decrease in a linear manner with increasing dietary alkaloid concentration. Rectal temperature and respiration rate increased (P = 0.002 for both) in a linear manner with increasing dietary alkaloid concentration. Oxygen consumption increased linearly (P = 0.064) and quadratically (P = 0.015) with increasing alkaloid concentration, being highest in the Low dose and intermediate in the High dose group. Plasma prolactin decreased linearly (P = 0.002) with increasing dietary alkaloids. These data clearly show that animal production and efficiency are compromised when sheep consume perennial ryegrass alkaloids, even over a short period of time. This study indicates that a pyrogenic response can occur when alkaloids are consumed, even under thermoneutral conditions.
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15
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Goodwill P, Ferguson M, Yu E, Zheng B, Lu K, Khandhar A, Kemp S, Krishnan K, Conolly S. E-139 in vivoperfusion imaging using magnetic particle imaging. J Neurointerv Surg 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/neurintsurg-2015-011917.213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Potze L, Di Franco S, Grandela C, Pras-Raves ML, Picavet DI, van Veen HA, van Lenthe H, Mullauer FB, van der Wel NN, Luyf A, van Kampen AHC, Kemp S, Everts V, Kessler JH, Vaz FM, Medema JP. Betulinic acid induces a novel cell death pathway that depends on cardiolipin modification. Oncogene 2015; 35:427-37. [PMID: 25893306 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2014] [Revised: 01/02/2015] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is associated with strong changes in lipid metabolism. For instance, normal cells take up fatty acids (FAs) from the circulation, while tumour cells generate their own and become dependent on de novo FA synthesis, which could provide a vulnerability to target tumour cells. Betulinic acid (BetA) is a natural compound that selectively kills tumour cells through an ill-defined mechanism that is independent of BAX and BAK, but depends on mitochondrial permeability transition-pore opening. Here we unravel this pathway and show that BetA inhibits the activity of steroyl-CoA-desaturase (SCD-1). This enzyme is overexpressed in tumour cells and critically important for cells that utilize de novo FA synthesis as it converts newly synthesized saturated FAs to unsaturated FAs. Intriguingly, we find that inhibition of SCD-1 by BetA or, alternatively, with a specific SCD-1 inhibitor directly and rapidly impacts on the saturation level of cardiolipin (CL), a mitochondrial lipid that has important structural and metabolic functions and at the same time regulates mitochondria-dependent cell death. As a result of the enhanced CL saturation mitochondria of cancer cells, but not normal cells that do not depend on de novo FA synthesis, undergo ultrastructural changes, release cytochrome c and quickly induce cell death. Importantly, addition of unsaturated FAs circumvented the need for SCD-1 activity and thereby prevented BetA-induced CL saturation and subsequent cytotoxicity, supporting the importance of this novel pathway in the cytotoxicity induced by BetA.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Potze
- Laboratory for Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology (LEXOR), Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, University of Amsterdam, Academic Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - S Di Franco
- Laboratory for Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology (LEXOR), Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, University of Amsterdam, Academic Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Surgical and Oncological Sciences, Cellular and Molecular Pathophysiology Laboratory, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - C Grandela
- Laboratory for Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology (LEXOR), Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, University of Amsterdam, Academic Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M L Pras-Raves
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Bioinformatics Laboratory, University of Amsterdam, Academic Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - D I Picavet
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Core facility Cellular Imaging University of Amsterdam, Academic Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - H A van Veen
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Core facility Cellular Imaging University of Amsterdam, Academic Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - H van Lenthe
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, University of Amsterdam, Academic Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - F B Mullauer
- Laboratory for Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology (LEXOR), Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, University of Amsterdam, Academic Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - N N van der Wel
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Core facility Cellular Imaging University of Amsterdam, Academic Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - A Luyf
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Bioinformatics Laboratory, University of Amsterdam, Academic Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - A H C van Kampen
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Bioinformatics Laboratory, University of Amsterdam, Academic Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - S Kemp
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, University of Amsterdam, Academic Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - V Everts
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Core facility Cellular Imaging University of Amsterdam, Academic Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J H Kessler
- Laboratory for Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology (LEXOR), Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, University of Amsterdam, Academic Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - F M Vaz
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, University of Amsterdam, Academic Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J P Medema
- Laboratory for Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology (LEXOR), Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, University of Amsterdam, Academic Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Kuhlmann C, Khandhar AP, Ferguson RM, Kemp S, Wawrzik T, Schilling M, Krishnan KM, Ludwig F. Drive-field Frequency Dependent MPI Performance of Single-Core Magnetite Nanoparticle Tracers. IEEE Trans Magn 2015; 51:6500504. [PMID: 26052157 PMCID: PMC4454424 DOI: 10.1109/tmag.2014.2329772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The drive-field frequency of Magnetic Particle Imaging (MPI) systems plays an important role for system design, safety requirements and tracer selection. Because the commonly utilized MPI drive-field frequency of 25 kHz might be increased in future system generations to avoid peripheral nerve stimulation, a performance evaluation of tracers at higher frequencies is desirable. We have studied single-core magnetite nanoparticles that were optimized for MPI applications, utilizing Magnetic Particle Spectrometers (MPS) with drive-field frequencies in the range from 1 kHz up to 100 kHz. The particles have core diameters of 25 nm and a hydrodynamic size of 77 nm. Measurements in the frequency range above 5 kHz were carried out with a newly designed MPS system. In addition, to exclude possible particle interaction, samples of different concentrations were characterized and compared.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Kuhlmann
- Institute of Electrical Measurement and Fundamental Electrical Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - A. P. Khandhar
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-2120 USA
- LodeSpin Labs, Seattle, WA 98145-2632 USA
| | | | - S. Kemp
- LodeSpin Labs, Seattle, WA 98145-2632 USA
| | - T. Wawrzik
- Institute of Electrical Measurement and Fundamental Electrical Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - M. Schilling
- Institute of Electrical Measurement and Fundamental Electrical Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - K. M. Krishnan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-2120 USA
| | - F. Ludwig
- Institute of Electrical Measurement and Fundamental Electrical Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
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19
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Zoumot Z, Kemp S, Chaudhuri R, Caneja C, Bicknell S, Hopkinson N, Singh S, Ross E, Shah P. S53 Outcomes of the RePneu Endobronchial Coils For the Treatment of Severe Emphysema with HyperinflaTion (RESET) Trial: Abstract S53 Table 1. Thorax 2012. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2012-202678.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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20
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Kemp S, Achan A, Ng T, Dexter M. Rosette-forming glioneuronal tumour of the lateral ventricle in a patient with neurofibromatosis 1. J Clin Neurosci 2012; 19:1180-1. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2011.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2011] [Revised: 11/28/2011] [Accepted: 12/03/2011] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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21
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Andre JB, Zaharchuk G, Fischbein NJ, Augustin M, Skare S, Straka M, Rosenberg J, Lansberg MG, Kemp S, Wijman CAC, Albers GW, Schwartz NE, Bammer R. Clinical assessment of standard and generalized autocalibrating partially parallel acquisition diffusion imaging: effects of reduction factor and spatial resolution. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2012; 33:1337-42. [PMID: 22403781 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a2980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE PI improves routine EPI-based DWI by enabling higher spatial resolution and reducing geometric distortion, though it remains unclear which of these is most important. We evaluated the relative contribution of these factors and assessed their ability to increase lesion conspicuity and diagnostic confidence by using a GRAPPA technique. MATERIALS AND METHODS Four separate DWI scans were obtained at 1.5T in 48 patients with independent variation of in-plane spatial resolution (1.88 mm(2) versus 1.25 mm(2)) and/or reduction factor (R = 1 versus R = 3). A neuroradiologist with access to clinical history and additional imaging sequences provided a reference standard diagnosis for each case. Three blinded neuroradiologists assessed scans for abnormalities and also evaluated multiple imaging-quality metrics by using a 5-point ordinal scale. Logistic regression was used to determine the impact of each factor on subjective image quality and confidence. RESULTS Reference standard diagnoses in the patient cohort were acute ischemic stroke (n = 30), ischemic stroke with hemorrhagic conversion (n = 4), intraparenchymal hemorrhage (n = 9), or no acute lesion (n = 5). While readers preferred both a higher reduction factor and a higher spatial resolution, the largest effect was due to an increased reduction factor (odds ratio, 47 ± 16). Small lesions were more confidently discriminated from artifacts on R = 3 images. The diagnosis changed in 5 of 48 scans, always toward the reference standard reading and exclusively for posterior fossa lesions. CONCLUSIONS PI improves DWI primarily by reducing geometric distortion rather than by increasing spatial resolution. This outcome leads to a more accurate and confident diagnosis of small lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- J B Andre
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.
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Kemp S, Kim S, Cordato D, Fung V. Delayed-onset focal dystonia of the leg secondary to traumatic brain injury. J Clin Neurosci 2012; 19:916-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2011.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2011] [Accepted: 08/28/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Zhang N, Williams ID, Kemp S, Smith NF. Greening academia: developing sustainable waste management at Higher Education Institutions. Waste Manag 2011; 31:1606-1616. [PMID: 21450452 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2011.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2010] [Revised: 02/12/2011] [Accepted: 03/08/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) are often the size of small municipalities. Worldwide, the higher education (HE) sector has expanded phenomenally; for example, since the 1960s, the United Kingdom (UK) HE system has expanded sixfold to >2.4 million students. As a consequence, the overall production of waste at HEIs throughout the world is very large and presents significant challenges as the associated legislative, economic and environmental pressures can be difficult to control and manage. This paper critically reviews why sustainable waste management has become a key issue for the worldwide HE sector to address and describes some of the benefits, barriers, practical and logistical problems. As a practical illustration of some of the issues and problems, the four-phase waste management strategy developed over 15 years by one of the largest universities in Southern England--the University of Southampton (UoS)--is outlined as a case study. The UoS is committed to protecting the environment by developing practices that are safe, sustainable and environmentally friendly and has developed a practical, staged approach to manage waste in an increasingly sustainable fashion. At each stage, the approach taken to the development of infrastructure (I), service provision (S) and behavior change (B) is explained, taking into account the Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Legal and Environmental (PESTLE) factors. Signposts to lessons learned, good practice and useful resources that other institutions--both nationally and internationally--can access are provided. As a result of the strategy developed at the UoS, from 2004 to 2008 waste costs fell by around £125k and a recycling rate of 72% was achieved. The holistic approach taken--recognizing the PESTLE factors and the importance of a concerted ISB approach--provides a realistic, successful and practical example for other institutions wishing to effectively and sustainably manage their waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Zhang
- School of Civil Engineering and the Environment, University of Southampton, University Rd., Highfield, Southampton, Hampshire SO17 1BJ, UK
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Ghani S, Raju H, Zaidi A, Sheikh N, Gati S, Somauroo J, Kemp S, Sharma S. 47 Cardiovascular evaluation of English premiership rugby players. Heart 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2011-300198.47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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25
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Gautron AS, Giquel B, Beaudoin L, Autrusseau E, Speak A, Platt F, Kemp S, Pujol A, Aubourg P, Lehuen A. Invariant NKT cells in adrenoleukodystrophy patients and mice. J Neuroimmunol 2010; 229:204-11. [PMID: 20920830 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2010.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2010] [Revised: 08/30/2010] [Accepted: 09/09/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD) is a severe neurological disease characterized by progressive demyelination within the CNS, adrenal insufficiency, and is associated with an accumulation of saturated very long chain fatty acids in plasma and tissues of patients. iNKT cells, a distinct lineage of T cells recognizing glycolipid antigens through CD1d molecules, exert immunoregulatory functions and can prevent various immune mediated-pathologies. In ALD patients, but not in ALD deficient mice, iNKT cell frequency and CD1d expression on the surface of B cells are slightly decreased. However, such minor differences might not influence the pathogenesis of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Gautron
- INSERM U986, Hôpital Cochin/Saint-Vincent de Paul, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
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Kemp S, Roberts I, Gamble C, Wilkinson S, Davidson JE, Baildam EM, Cleary AG, McCann LJ, Beresford MW. A randomized comparative trial of generalized vs targeted physiotherapy in the management of childhood hypermobility. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2009; 49:315-25. [DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kep362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
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Janssen RJ, Distelmaier F, Smeets R, Wijnhoven T, Ostergaard E, Jaspers NG, Raams A, Kemp S, Rodenburg RJ, Willems PH, van den Heuvel LP, Smeitink JA, Nijtmans LG. Contiguous gene deletion of ELOVL7, ERCC8 and NDUFAF2 in a patient with a fatal multisystem disorder. Hum Mol Genet 2009; 18:3365-74. [DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddp276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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Tiboo M, Schelling E, Bishop D, Taracha E, Kemp S, Ameni G, Dawo F, Randolph T. Cross-disciplinary and participatory livestock and human health research for successful control of zoonses in the developing world. ETHIOP J HEALTH DEV 2009. [DOI: 10.4314/ejhd.v22i2.10079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Mlynash M, Olivot JM, Tong DC, Lansberg MG, Eyngorn I, Kemp S, Moseley ME, Albers GW. Yield of combined perfusion and diffusion MR imaging in hemispheric TIA. Neurology 2008; 72:1127-33. [PMID: 19092109 DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000340983.00152.69] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Transient ischemic attacks (TIA) predict future stroke. However, there are no sensitive and specific diagnostic criteria for TIA and interobserver agreement regarding the diagnosis is poor. Diffusion-weighted MRI (DWI) demonstrates acute ischemic lesions in approximately 30% of TIA patients; the yield of perfusion-weighted MRI (PWI) is unclear. METHODS We prospectively performed both DWI and PWI within 48 hours of symptom onset in consecutive patients admitted with suspected hemispheric TIAs of <24 hours symptom duration. Two independent raters, blinded to clinical features, assessed the presence and location of acute DWI and PWI lesions. Lesions were correlated with suspected clinical localization and baseline characteristics. Clinical features predictive of a PWI lesion were assessed. RESULTS Forty-three patients met the inclusion criteria. Thirty-three percent had a PWI lesion and 35% had a DWI lesion. Seven patients (16%) had both PWI and DWI lesions and 7 (16%) had only PWI lesions. The combined yield for identification of either a PWI or a DWI was 51%. DWI lesions occurred in the clinically suspected hemisphere in 93% of patients; PWI lesions in 86%. PWI lesions occurred more frequently when the MRI was performed within 12 hours of symptom resolution, in patients with symptoms of speech impairment, and among individuals younger than 60 years. CONCLUSIONS The combination of early diffusion-weighted MRI and perfusion-weighted MRI can document the presence of a cerebral ischemic lesion in approximately half of all patients who present with a suspected hemispheric transient ischemic attack (TIA). MRI has the potential to improve the accuracy of TIA diagnosis. ACA = anterior cerebral artery; CI = confidence interval; DWI = diffusion-weighted MRI; ICA = internal carotid artery; MCA = middle cerebral artery; MRA = magnetic resonance angiography; MTT = mean transit time; OR = odds ratios; PCA = posterior cerebral artery; PWI = perfusion-weighted MRI; RR = risk ratios; TIA = transient ischemic attacks; TOAST = Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mlynash
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford Stroke Center, 701 Welch Road, Suite B325, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA.
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Engelen M, Kemp S, van Geel BM. [From gene to disease; X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy]. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd 2008; 152:804-808. [PMID: 18491823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD) is the most common peroxisomal disorder, characterized by impaired peroxisomal beta-oxidation, subsequent accumulation of very long-chain fatty acids (> 22 carbon atoms), and mutations in the ABCD1 gene. Clinical manifestations, diagnostic procedures and treatment options are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Engelen
- Academisch Medisch Centrum/Universiteit van Amsterdam, Afd. Neurologie, Amsterdam
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Engelen M, Ofman R, Mooijer PAW, Poll-The BT, Wanders RJA, Kemp S. Cholesterol-deprivation increases mono-unsaturated very long-chain fatty acids in skin fibroblasts from patients with X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2007; 1781:105-11. [PMID: 18206987 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2007.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2007] [Revised: 11/23/2007] [Accepted: 12/17/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD) is the most common peroxisomal disorder and is characterized by a striking and unpredictable variation in phenotypic expression. It ranges from a rapidly progressive and fatal cerebral demyelinating disease in childhood (CCALD), to the milder slowly progressive form in adulthood (AMN). X-ALD is caused by mutations in the ABCD1 gene that encodes a peroxisomal membrane located ABC half-transporter named ALDP. Mutations in ALDP result in reduced beta-oxidation of very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFA, >22 carbon atoms) in peroxisomes and elevated levels of VLCFA in plasma and tissues. Previously, it has been shown that culturing skin fibroblasts from X-ALD patients in lipoprotein-deficient medium results in reduced VLCFA levels and increased expression of the functionally redundant ALD-related protein (ALDRP). The aim of this study was to further resolve the interaction between cholesterol and VLCFA metabolism in X-ALD. Our data show that the reduction in 26:0 in X-ALD fibroblasts grown in lipoprotein-deficient culture medium (free of cholesterol) is offset by a significant increase in both the level and synthesis of 26:1. We also demonstrate that cholesterol-deprivation results in increased expression of stearoyl-CoA-desaturase (SCD) and increased desaturation of 18:0 to 18:1. Finally, there was no increase in [1-(14)C]-26:0 beta-oxidation. Taken together, we conclude that cholesterol-deprivation reduces saturated VLCFA, but increases mono-unsaturated VLCFA. These data may have implications for treatment of X-ALD patients with lovastatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Engelen
- Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Tsoumakidou M, Zhu J, Wang Z, Thorley A, Kemp S, Tetley T, Jeffery PK. Immunohistochemical detection of dendritic cells in human lung tissue. Histopathology 2007; 51:565-8. [PMID: 17880541 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2559.2007.02813.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Kierstein S, Noyes H, Naessens J, Nakamura Y, Pritchard C, Gibson J, Kemp S, Brass A. Gene expression profiling in a mouse model for African trypanosomiasis. Genes Immun 2006; 7:667-79. [PMID: 17066074 PMCID: PMC1991335 DOI: 10.1038/sj.gene.6364345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to provide the foundation for an integrative approach to the identification of the mechanisms underlying the response to infection with Trypanosoma congolense, and to identify pathways that have previously been overlooked. We undertook a large-scale gene expression analysis study comparing susceptible A/J and more tolerant C57BL/6 mice. In an initial time course experiment, we monitored the development of parasitaemia and anaemia in every individual. Based on the kinetics of disease progression, we extracted total RNA from liver at days 0, 4, 7, 10 and 17 post infection and performed a microarray analysis. We identified 64 genes that were differentially expressed in the two strains in non-infected animals, of which nine genes remained largely unaffected by the disease. Gene expression profiling at stages of low, peak, clearance and recurrence of parasitaemia suggest that susceptibility is associated with high expression of genes coding for chemokines (e.g. Ccl24, Ccl27 and Cxcl13), complement components (C1q and C3) and interferon receptor alpha (Ifnar1). Additionally, susceptible A/J mice expressed higher levels of some potassium channel genes. In contrast, messenger RNA levels of a few immune response, metabolism and protease genes (e.g. Prss7 and Mmp13) were higher in the tolerant C57BL/6 strain as compared to A/J.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kierstein
- International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya.
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Linnebank M, Kemp S, Wanders RJA, Kleijer WJ, van der Sterre MLT, Gärtner J, Fliessbach K, Semmler A, Sokolowski P, Köhler W, Schlegel U, Schmidt S, Klockgether T, Wüllner U. Methionine metabolism and phenotypic variability in X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy. Neurology 2006; 66:442-3. [PMID: 16476952 DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000196491.42058.6f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A combined genotype of polymorphisms of methionine metabolism has been associated with CNS demyelination in methotrexate-treated patients. Within a sample of 86 patients with X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy, this genotype was overrepresented in a subgroup of 15 patients with adrenomyeloneuropathy (AMN) with CNS demyelination (adrenoleukomyeloneuropathy) in comparison to 49 AMN patients without CNS demyelination ("pure" AMN; p = 0.002), suggesting that methionine metabolism might contribute to the phenotypic variability in adrenoleukodystrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Linnebank
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
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Abstract
The ownership of memories is sometimes disputed, particularly by twins. Examination of 77 disputed memories, 71 provided by twins, showed that most of the remembered events are negative and that the disputants appear to be self-serving. They claim for themselves memories for achievements and suffered misfortunes but are more likely to give away memories of personal wrongdoing. The research suggests that some of the memories in which we play a leading role might in fact have been the experiences of others.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sheen
- University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
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Linnebank M, Semmler A, Moskau S, Kleijer W, van der Sterre M, Gärtner J, Fliessbach K, Sokolowski P, Köhler W, Schlegel U, Klockgether T, Wanders R, Schmidt S, Wüllner U, Kemp S. The cystathionine beta-synthase c.844_845ins68 polymorphism protects against CNS demyelination in X-linked adrenoleukodystrohpy. Akt Neurol 2006. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-953014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Kakuda W, Thijs VN, Lansberg MG, Bammer R, Wechsler L, Kemp S, Moseley ME, Marks MP, Albers GW. Clinical importance of microbleeds in patients receiving IV thrombolysis. Neurology 2005; 65:1175-8. [PMID: 16247042 DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000180519.27680.0f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cerebral microbleeds (MBs) detected on gradient echo (GRE) imaging may be a risk factor for hemorrhagic complications in patients with stroke treated with IV tissue plasminogen activator (tPA). METHODS The authors prospectively evaluated patients with acute ischemic stroke treated with IV tPA between 3 and 6 hours of symptom onset. MRI scans, including GRE imaging, were performed prior to tPA treatment, 3 to 6 hours after treatment and at day 30. The authors compared the frequency of hemorrhagic complications after thrombolysis in patients with and without MBs on their baseline GRE imaging. RESULTS Seventy consecutive patients (mean age, 71 +/- 29 years; 31 men, 39 women) were included. MBs were identified in 11 patients (15.7%) on baseline GRE imaging. There was no significant difference in the frequency of either symptomatic or asymptomatic hemorrhagic complications after thrombolysis between patients with and without MBs at baseline. None of the 11 patients with MBs (0%) at baseline had a symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage compared with 7 of 59 patients who did not have baseline MBs (11.9%). In addition, no patients with baseline MBs had asymptomatic hemorrhagic transformation observed at the site of any pre-treatment MB. CONCLUSIONS The presence of cerebral microbleeds on gradient echo imaging does not appear to substantially increase the risk of either symptomatic or asymptomatic brain hemorrhage following IV tissue plasminogen activator administered between 3 and 6 hours after stroke onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Kakuda
- Stanford Stroke Center, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
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Arasappan A, Njoroge FG, Chan TY, Bennett F, Bogen SL, Chen K, Gu H, Hong L, Jao E, Liu YT, Lovey RG, Parekh T, Pike RE, Pinto P, Santhanam B, Venkatraman S, Vaccaro H, Wang H, Yang X, Zhu Z, Mckittrick B, Saksena AK, Girijavallabhan V, Pichardo J, Butkiewicz N, Ingram R, Malcolm B, Prongay A, Yao N, Marten B, Madison V, Kemp S, Levy O, Lim-Wilby M, Tamura S, Ganguly AK. Hepatitis C virus NS3-4A serine protease inhibitors: SAR of moiety with improved potency. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2005; 15:4180-4. [PMID: 16087332 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2005.06.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2005] [Revised: 06/28/2005] [Accepted: 06/29/2005] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We have discovered that introduction of appropriate amino acid derivatives at P'2 position improved the binding potency of P3-capped alpha-ketoamide inhibitors of HCV NS3 serine protease. X-ray crystal structure of one of the inhibitors (43) bound to the protease revealed the importance of the P'2 moiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Arasappan
- Schering Plough Research Institute, 2015 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, NJ 07033, USA.
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Cordingley J, Kemp S, Elia A. Crit Care 2005; 9:P381. [DOI: 10.1186/cc3444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Hardcastle I, Ahmed S, Guyenne S, Hutton C, Kallblad P, Kemp S, Lunec J, Reid R, Saravanan K, Willems H. 122 Identification of inhibitors of the MDM2-p53 interaction using a virtual screening approach with multiple binding modes. EJC Suppl 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(04)80130-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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Hanotte O, Ronin Y, Agaba M, Nilsson P, Gelhaus A, Horstmann R, Sugimoto Y, Kemp S, Gibson J, Korol A, Soller M, Teale A. Mapping of quantitative trait loci controlling trypanotolerance in a cross of tolerant West African N'Dama and susceptible East African Boran cattle. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2003; 100:7443-8. [PMID: 12805560 PMCID: PMC164605 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1232392100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2002] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Trypanosomosis, or sleeping sickness, is a major disease constraint on livestock productivity in sub-Saharan Africa. To identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) controlling resistance to trypanosomosis in cattle, an experimental cross was made between trypanotolerant African N'Dama (Bos taurus) and trypanosusceptible improved Kenya Boran (Bos indicus) cattle. Sixteen phenotypic traits were defined describing anemia, body weight, and parasitemia. One hundred seventy-seven F2 animals and their parents and grandparents were genotyped at 477 molecular marker loci covering all 29 cattle autosomes. Total genome coverage was 82%. Putative QTL were mapped to 18 autosomes at a genomewise false discovery rate of <0.20. The results are consistent with a single QTL on 17 chromosomes and two QTL on BTA16. Individual QTL effects ranged from approximately 6% to 20% of the phenotypic variance of the trait. Excluding chromosomes with ambiguous or nontrypanotolerance effects, the allele for resistance to trypanosomosis originated from the N'Dama parent at nine QTL and from the Kenya Boran at five QTL, and at four QTL there is evidence of an overdominant mode of inheritance. These results suggest that selection for trypanotolerance within an F2 cross between N'Dama and Boran cattle could produce a synthetic breed with higher trypanotolerance levels than currently exist in the parental breeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Hanotte
- International Livestock Research Institute, P.O. Box 30709, Nairobi 00100, Kenya.
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Jordan M, Kemp S, Sorhaug E, Sjursaether K, Freer B. Effective Management of Scaling from and Within Carbonate Oil Reservoirs, North Sea Basin. Chem Eng Res Des 2003. [DOI: 10.1205/02638760360596919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Kemp S, Pujol A, Waterham HR, van Geel BM, Boehm CD, Raymond GV, Cutting GR, Wanders RJ, Moser HW. ABCD1 mutations and the X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy mutation database: role in diagnosis and clinical correlations. Hum Mutat 2001; 18:499-515. [PMID: 11748843 DOI: 10.1002/humu.1227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD) is caused by mutations in the ABCD1 gene, which encodes a peroxisomal ABC half-transporter (ALDP) involved in the import of very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFA) into the peroxisome. The disease is characterized by a striking and unpredictable variation in phenotypic expression. Phenotypes include the rapidly progressive childhood cerebral form (CCALD), the milder adult form, adrenomyeloneuropathy (AMN), and variants without neurologic involvement. There is no apparent correlation between genotype and phenotype. In males, unambiguous diagnosis can be achieved by demonstration of elevated levels of VLCFA in plasma. In 15 to 20% of obligate heterozygotes, however, test results are false-negative. Therefore, mutation analysis is the only reliable method for the identification of heterozygotes. Since most X-ALD kindreds have a unique mutation, a great number of mutations have been identified in the ABCD1 gene in the last seven years. In order to catalog and facilitate the analysis of these mutations, we have established a mutation database for X-ALD ( http://www.x-ald.nl). In this review we report a detailed analysis of all 406 X-ALD mutations currently included in the database. Also, we present 47 novel mutations. In addition, we review the various X-ALD phenotypes, the different diagnostic tools, and the need for extended family screening for the identification of new patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kemp
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Emma Children's Hospital, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Abstract
In three experiments, we examined a new memory phenomenon: disputed memories, in which people dispute ownership of a memory. For example, in one disputed memory each of two twins recollected being sent home from school for wearing too short a skirt, although only one of them was actually sent home. In Experiment 1, 20 sets of same-sex adult twins were asked to produce a memory for each of 45 words, and most twins spontaneously produced at least one disputed memory. In Experiment 2,20 different sets of same-sex adult twins rated disputed memories as higher in recollective experience, imagery, and emotional reliving than nondisputed memories. In Experiment 3, siblings who were close in age as well as same-sex friends were also found to have disputed memories, but less often than twins.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sheen
- University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
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45
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Mellors J, Kemp S. Experts discuss findings on drug resistance. AIDS Alert 2001; 16:103-4. [PMID: 11547700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
John Mellors, MD, professor of medicine and chief of infectious diseases at the University of Pittsburgh, and Sharon Kemp, director of HIV Research for Virco UK in Cambridge, United Kingdom, answer questions about a study presented at the 5th International Workshop on HIV Resistance and Treatment Strategies, held in June in Scottsdale, AZ. The study found that a change at position 318 in the genetic code of HIV can make the virus highly resistant to treatment with non-nucleoside reverse transcription.
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Kemp S. My story. Surviving a neurological accident. Br J Perioper Nurs 2001; 11:348-50. [PMID: 11892575 DOI: 10.1177/175045890101100803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The piece that follows is a truly remarkable story of a young lady who experienced a devastating riding accident and lived to tell the tale. She has some interesting insights for us regarding the nursing of unconscious patients and the surprising recoveries that are sometimes possible for victims of brain damage. Sarah's story dramatically illustrates the importance of speaking positively in the presence of an unconscious patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kemp
- Wolverhampton University School of Nursing, Dudley
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Abstract
Dysphagia is associated with many different conditions and although widespread it is frequently not recognized. People with dysphagia are at risk of developing serious complications such at malnutrition, dehydration and aspiration. Texture modification, food fortification and dietary supplements are important elements in effective nutritional management of dysphagia and can also help bring back some of the pleasure to mealtimes. The ideal approach to the management of dysphagia involves a multidisciplinary team.
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION A conservative method of treating four delayed union stress fractures of the anterior mid-tibia is described, with an illustrative case history. METHODS Once diagnosed each of the patients was treated in a pneumatic lower leg brace with modified rest. The mean (range) age of the patients was 28 (24-32) years and all were involved in professional or amateur sports. The mean (range) duration of symptoms before diagnosis and definitive treatment of the four fractures was 9 (3-14) months. RESULTS Use of this technique avoided the need for surgery in this group of patients and allowed return to unrestricted activity an average of 12 months from presentation. CONCLUSION The treatment is cost effective and avoids the often uncertain results and morbidity associated with surgery for these difficult stress fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Batt
- Centre for Sports Medicine, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK.
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49
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Abstract
Burt (1992a, 1992b) reported data on the autobiographical memory of diarists for events that had occurred on average 3.3 years earlier. This paper reports data on 11 of the diarists, who were recontacted after a further 10 years and who agreed to a retest of their memory. Estimates of event date and event duration from the two recall attempts were compared. As predicted, duration estimation was extremely stable and showed no detrimental effects of the additional 10 years of retention interval. Estimation of event date was predicted to show an increase in forward telescoping due to the increased remoteness of the event sample, but, contrary to this prediction, backward telescoping dominated dating errors. A combination of the establishment of a recent boundary and Kemp's (1999) associative model of dating is proposed as an explanation for these results. It is argued that the nature of dating errors may depend on the time of the event's occurrence in the life span and the age of the individual dating the events.
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Affiliation(s)
- C D Burt
- Department of Psychology, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand.
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50
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Abstract
Many patients requiring an enteral tube feed have low energy requirements or are overweight, with some patients gaining weight on as little as 1200 kcal/day. Most standard tube feeds supply 1500-2000 kcal/day. This has previously created a problem for dietitians and clinicians as giving a reduced volume to lower the energy supply has often resulted in the feed being incomplete with respect to vitamins, minerals and trace elements. A new feed, Fresubin1000 Complete, has been specially developed to overcome these difficulties. One litre supplies all nutrient requirements, including fibre, and only 1000 kcal. It is presented in a convenient, easy-to-use, pre-filled bag, the EasyBag. Fresubin1000 Complete is ACBS approved.
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