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Nadarajah R, Ludman P, Appelman Y, Brugaletta S, Budaj A, Bueno H, Huber K, Kunadian V, Leonardi S, Lettino M, Milasinovic D, Gale CP, Budaj A, Dagres N, Danchin N, Delgado V, Emberson J, Friberg O, Gale CP, Heyndrickx G, Iung B, James S, Kappetein AP, Maggioni AP, Maniadakis N, Nagy KV, Parati G, Petronio AS, Pietila M, Prescott E, Ruschitzka F, Van de Werf F, Weidinger F, Zeymer U, Gale CP, Beleslin B, Budaj A, Chioncel O, Dagres N, Danchin N, Emberson J, Erlinge D, Glikson M, Gray A, Kayikcioglu M, Maggioni AP, Nagy KV, Nedoshivin A, Petronio AP, Roos-Hesselink JW, Wallentin L, Zeymer U, Popescu BA, Adlam D, Caforio ALP, Capodanno D, Dweck M, Erlinge D, Glikson M, Hausleiter J, Iung B, Kayikcioglu M, Ludman P, Lund L, Maggioni AP, Matskeplishvili S, Meder B, Nagy KV, Nedoshivin A, Neglia D, Pasquet AA, Roos-Hesselink JW, Rossello FJ, Shaheen SM, Torbica A, Gale CP, Ludman PF, Lettino M, Bueno H, Huber K, Leonardi S, Budaj A, Milasinovic (Serbia) D, Brugaletta S, Appelman Y, Kunadian 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Potpara T, Marinkovic M, Mihajlovic M, Mujovic N, Kocijancic A, Mijatovic Z, Radovanovic M, Matic D, Milosevic A, Savic L, Subotic I, Uscumlic A, Zlatic N, Antonijevic J, Vesic O, Vucic R, Martinovic SS, Kostic T, Atanaskovic V, Mitic V, Stanojevic D, Petrovic M. Cohort profile: the ESC EURObservational Research Programme Non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infraction (NSTEMI) Registry. Eur Heart J Qual Care Clin Outcomes 2022; 9:8-15. [PMID: 36259751 DOI: 10.1093/ehjqcco/qcac067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The European Society of Cardiology (ESC) EURObservational Research Programme (EORP) Non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) Registry aims to identify international patterns in NSTEMI management in clinical practice and outcomes against the 2015 ESC Guidelines for the management of acute coronary syndromes in patients presenting without ST-segment-elevation. METHODS AND RESULTS Consecutively hospitalised adult NSTEMI patients (n = 3620) were enrolled between 11 March 2019 and 6 March 2021, and individual patient data prospectively collected at 287 centres in 59 participating countries during a two-week enrolment period per centre. The registry collected data relating to baseline characteristics, major outcomes (in-hospital death, acute heart failure, cardiogenic shock, bleeding, stroke/transient ischaemic attack, and 30-day mortality) and guideline-recommended NSTEMI care interventions: electrocardiogram pre- or in-hospital, pre-hospitalization receipt of aspirin, echocardiography, coronary angiography, referral to cardiac rehabilitation, smoking cessation advice, dietary advice, and prescription on discharge of aspirin, P2Y12 inhibition, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEi)/angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB), beta-blocker, and statin. CONCLUSION The EORP NSTEMI Registry is an international, prospective registry of care and outcomes of patients treated for NSTEMI, which will provide unique insights into the contemporary management of hospitalised NSTEMI patients, compliance with ESC 2015 NSTEMI Guidelines, and identify potential barriers to optimal management of this common clinical presentation associated with significant morbidity and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Nadarajah
- Leeds Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT Leeds, UK.,Leeds Institute of Data Analytics, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT Leeds, UK.,Department of Cardiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, LS1 3EX Leeds, UK
| | - Peter Ludman
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Yolande Appelman
- Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam UMC-Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Salvatore Brugaletta
- Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrzej Budaj
- Department of Cardiology, Center of Postgraduate Medical Education, Grochowski Hospital, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Hector Bueno
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain.,Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain.,Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Kurt Huber
- 3rd Medical Department, Cardiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Clinic Ottakring (Wilhelminenhospital), Vienna, Austria.,Medical Faculty, Sigmund Freud University, Vienna, Austria
| | - Vijay Kunadian
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,Cardiothoracic Centre, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Sergio Leonardi
- University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S.Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Maddalena Lettino
- Cardio-Thoracic and Vascular Department, San Gerardo Hospital, ASST-Monza, Monza, Italy
| | - Dejan Milasinovic
- Department of Cardiology, University Clinical Center of Serbia and Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Chris P Gale
- Leeds Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT Leeds, UK.,Leeds Institute of Data Analytics, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT Leeds, UK.,Department of Cardiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, LS1 3EX Leeds, UK
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Newell E, Cullen K, Akram H. Safari discharge: improving the efficacy and accuracy of discharges from the hospital, leading to improved patient safety and patient flow. International Journal of Pharmacy Practice 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/ijpp/riac089.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
The discharge process at Calderdale and Huddersfield NHS Foundation Trust (CHFT) has been inefficient, resulting in delayed discharges and increased prescription errors. Ultimately this impacts on patient safety, satisfaction and places pressures on the trust. A recent study1 showed how in one trust, implementation of Pharmacy within the discharge process, by writing prescribing and dispensing discharge paperwork and items on the wards, significantly reduced discharge times. We hoped to mirror this at CHFT with the implementation of the ‘Safari discharge team’ (SDT). The team model consists of a prescribing pharmacist, a pharmacy technician and a Physicians associate.
Aim
To speed up discharge processes once a patient has been declared as medically fit, reduce the number of errors on ‘to take out’ (TTO) prescriptions and free up nurses’ time by allowing the ‘SDT’ to complete patient locker checks.
Methods
Baseline data was collected from patients TTO prescriptions that come into the Huddersfield Royal infirmary (HRI) pharmacy dispensary between 15/11/21-19/11/21. Data was recorded using a specialised data collection form. A second data collection form was given to the SDT when the team went live at HRI (15/12/21). This was completed for all patients referred to them. Both forms included time stamps for when the patient was medically optimised for discharge (MOFD), when the TTO prescription was dispensed and when patient was discharged. We also recorded the number of TTO prescriptions containing errors. All information gathered was transcribed onto an excel document for analysis. Ethical approval was not required for this quality improvement initiative and service evaluation.
Results
From 15/12/21-04/04/22 the SDT processed 824 patients. Of these, ≈585 patients were discharged the same day. Overall patients were discharged 5 hours and 15 minutes faster, freeing up 8.6 hospital beds/working week. Error rates on TTO prescriptions reduced from 50% to 1.37% when written by a pharmacist on the SDT. Typically, 63% of patients referred had a locker check completed by the SDT. This task takes a nurse 9.4 minutes to complete. Completion by SDT freed up 5.4 hours per working week.
Discussion/Conclusion
Unfortunately, a large percentage of patients did not go home after being seen by the safari team. This was due to patients being readmitted, awaiting care, transport or the TTO was done in advance of planned departure. Although not articulated in these figures, completing TTOs in advance would increase speed of discharge later down the line. Implementation of the safari team has freed up hospital beds, increasing patient flow through the hospital. This project has also shown that a pharmacist’s involvement in the discharge process reduces errors on discharge letters, ensuring patients are sent home with safe and correct medication. The SDT has successfully been able to replicate the positive influence on discharges found by the trust where the initiative was derived from. We hope to continue the project at CHFT to benefit more patients across the site. The next step would be to disseminate the results found here to initiate other trusts to pilot a pharmacy discharge service and compare data and results.
References
1. Physick, A., Smolski, K., Mann, S., Price, G. Pharmacy innovation at discharge - impact of pharmacist non-medical prescribing on quality and streamlining processes. Journal of Medicines Optimisation, 2022;2(1):6.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Newell
- Calderdale and Huddersfield NHS Foundation Trust
| | - K Cullen
- Calderdale and Huddersfield NHS Foundation Trust
| | - H Akram
- Calderdale and Huddersfield NHS Foundation Trust
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Gaebel W, Lukies R, Kerst A, Stricker J, Zielasek J, Diekmann S, Trost N, Gouzoulis-Mayfrank E, Bonroy B, Cullen K, Desie K, Ewalds Mulliez AP, Gerlinger G, Günther K, Hiemstra HJ, McDaid S, Murphy C, Sander J, Sebbane D, Roelandt JL, Thorpe L, Topolska D, Van Assche E, Van Daele T, Van den Broeck L, Versluis C, Vlijter O. Upscaling e-mental health in Europe: a six-country qualitative analysis and policy recommendations from the eMEN project. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2021; 271:1005-1016. [PMID: 32393997 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-020-01133-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
E-mental health (eMH) encompasses the use of digital technologies to deliver, support, or enhance mental health services. Despite the growing evidence for the effectiveness of eMH interventions, the process of implementation of eMH solutions in healthcare remains slow throughout Europe. To address this issue, the e-Mental Health Innovation and Transnational Implementation Platform North-West Europe (eMEN) project was initiated to increase the dissemination and quality of eMH services in Europe. In this project, status analyses regarding eMH in the six participating countries (i.e., Belgium, France, Germany, Ireland, The Netherlands, and the UK) were conducted and eight recommendations for eMH were developed. Expert teams from the six participating countries conducted status analyses regarding the uptake of eMH based on a narrative literature review and stakeholder interviews. Based on these status analyses, the eMEN consortium developed eight policy recommendations to further support the implementation of eMH in Europe. The status analyses showed that the participating countries are in different stages of implementing eMH into mental healthcare. Some barriers to implementing eMH were common among countries (e.g., a limited legal and regulatory framework), while others were country-specific (e.g., fragmented, federal policies). The policy recommendations included fostering awareness, creating strong political commitment, and setting reliable standards related to ethics and data security. The eMEN project has provided the initial recommendations to guide political and regulatory processes regarding eMH. Further research is needed to establish well-tailored implementation strategies and to assess the generalizability of the recommendations beyond the countries involved in the eMEN project.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Gaebel
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, LVR-Klinikum Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University, Bergische Landstr. 2, 40629, Düsseldorf, Germany. .,WHO Collaborating Centre for Quality Assurance and Empowerment in Mental Health, Düsseldorf, Germany. .,LVR-Institute for Healthcare Research, Cologne, Germany.
| | - R Lukies
- LVR-Institute for Healthcare Research, Cologne, Germany
| | - A Kerst
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, LVR-Klinikum Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University, Bergische Landstr. 2, 40629, Düsseldorf, Germany.,WHO Collaborating Centre for Quality Assurance and Empowerment in Mental Health, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - J Stricker
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, LVR-Klinikum Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University, Bergische Landstr. 2, 40629, Düsseldorf, Germany.,WHO Collaborating Centre for Quality Assurance and Empowerment in Mental Health, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - J Zielasek
- LVR-Institute for Healthcare Research, Cologne, Germany
| | - S Diekmann
- LVR-Institute for Healthcare Research, Cologne, Germany
| | - N Trost
- LVR-Institute for Healthcare Research, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - B Bonroy
- Thomas More University of Applied Sciences, Geel, Belgium
| | - K Cullen
- Mental Health Reform, Dublin, Ireland
| | - K Desie
- Pulso Europe, Leuven, Belgium
| | - A P Ewalds Mulliez
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Mental Health-EPSM Lille-Métropole, Lille, France
| | - G Gerlinger
- German Association for Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics e.V. (DGPPN), Berlin, Germany
| | - K Günther
- German Association for Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics e.V. (DGPPN), Berlin, Germany
| | - H J Hiemstra
- Inserm, Clinical Epidemiology and Economic Evaluation Applied to Vulnerable Populations (ECEVE), Paris Diderot University, Paris, France
| | - S McDaid
- Mental Health Reform, Dublin, Ireland
| | - C Murphy
- Mental Health Foundation, London, UK
| | - J Sander
- German Association for Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics e.V. (DGPPN), Berlin, Germany
| | - D Sebbane
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Mental Health-EPSM Lille-Métropole, Lille, France.,Inserm, Clinical Epidemiology and Economic Evaluation Applied to Vulnerable Populations (ECEVE), Paris Diderot University, Paris, France
| | - J L Roelandt
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Mental Health-EPSM Lille-Métropole, Lille, France.,Inserm, Clinical Epidemiology and Economic Evaluation Applied to Vulnerable Populations (ECEVE), Paris Diderot University, Paris, France
| | - L Thorpe
- Mental Health Foundation, London, UK
| | | | - E Van Assche
- Thomas More University of Applied Sciences, Geel, Belgium
| | - T Van Daele
- Thomas More University of Applied Sciences, Geel, Belgium
| | | | | | - O Vlijter
- Stichting Arq, Diemen, The Netherlands
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Cullen K. Perception of self-motion and its disturbance. J Neurol Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2019.10.190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Suzuki I, Cullen K, Bentzen S, Goloubeva O. OC-044 Are elderly HNSCC patients undertreated? An analysis of outcomes using the SEER-Medicare database. Radiother Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(19)30210-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Cullen K, Thai M, Lim K, Klimes-Dougan B. Targeting rumination with combined mindful breathing and tDCS in adolescents with suicidal thoughts. Brain Stimul 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2018.12.935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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Triolo TM, Fouts A, Pyle L, Yu L, Gottlieb PA, Steck AK, Greenbaum CJ, Atkinson M, Baidal D, Battaglia M, Becker D, Bingley P, Bosi E, Buckner J, Clements M, Colman P, DiMeglio L, Gitelman S, Goland R, Gottlieb P, Herold K, Knip M, Krischer J, Lernmark A, Moore W, Moran A, Muir A, Palmer J, Peakman M, Philipson L, Raskin P, Redondo M, Rodriguez H, Russell W, Spain L, Schatz D, Sosenko J, Wentworth J, Wherrett D, Wilson D, Winter W, Ziegler A, Anderson M, Antinozzi P, Benoist C, Blum J, Bourcier K, Chase P, Clare-Salzler M, Clynes R, Eisenbarth G, Fathman C, Grave G, Hering B, Insel R, Kaufman F, Kay T, Leschek E, Mahon J, Marks J, Nanto-Salonen K, Nepom G, Orban T, Parkman R, Pescovitz M, Peyman J, Pugliese A, Roep B, Roncarolo M, Savage P, Simell O, Sherwin R, Siegelman M, Skyler J, Steck A, Thomas J, Trucco M, Wagner J, Krischer JP, Leschek E, Rafkin L, Bourcier K, Cowie C, Foulkes M, Insel R, Krause-Steinrauf H, Lachin JM, Malozowski S, Peyman J, Ridge J, Savage P, Skyler JS, Zafonte SJ, Rafkin L, Sosenko JM, Kenyon NS, Santiago I, Krischer JP, Bundy B, Abbondondolo M, Dixit S, Pasha M, King K, Adcock H, Atterberry L, Fox K, Englert N, Mauras J, Permuy K, Sikes T, Adams T, Berhe B, Guendling L, McLennan L, Paganessi C, Murphy M, Draznin M, Kamboj S, Sheppard V, Lewis L, Coates W, Amado D, Moore G, Babar J, Bedard D, Brenson-Hughes J, Cernich M, Clements R, Duprau S, Goodman L, Hester L, Huerta-Saenz A, Asif I, Karmazin T, Letjen S, Raman D, Morin W, Bestermann E, Morawski J, White A, Brockmyer R, Bays S, Campbell A, Boonstra M, Stapleton N, Stone A, Donoho H, Everett H, Hensley M, Johnson C, Marshall N, Skirvin P, Taylor R, Williams L, Burroughs C, Ray C, Wolverton D, Nickels C, Dothard P, Speiser M, Pellizzari L, Bokor K, Izuora S, Abdelnour P, Cummings S, Cuthbertson D, Paynor M, Leahy M, Riedl S, Shockley R, Saad T, Briones S, Casella C, Herz K, Walsh J, Greening F, Deemer M, Hay S, Hunt N, Sikotra L, Simons D, Karounos R, Oremus L, Dye L, Myers D, 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Manning G, Hendry B, Taylor S, Jones W, Strader M, Bencomo T, Bailey L, Bedolla C, Roldan C, Moudiotis B, Vaidya C, Anning S, Bunce S, Estcourt E, Folland E, Gordon C, Harrill J, Ireland J, Piper L, Scaife K, Sutton S, Wilkins M, Costelloe J, Palmer L, Casas C, Miller M, Burgard C, Erickson J, Hallanger-Johnson P, Clark W, Taylor A, Lafferty S, Gillett C, Nolan M, Pathak L, Sondrol T, Hjelle S, Hafner J, Kotrba R, Hendrickson A, Cemeroglu T, Symington M, Daniel Y, Appiagyei-Dankah D, Postellon M, Racine L, Kleis K, Barnes S, Godwin H, McCullough K, Shaheen G, Buck L, Noel M, Warren S, Weber S, Parker I, Gillespie B, Nelson C, Frost J, Amrhein E, Moreland A, Hayes J, Peggram J, Aisenberg M, Riordan J, Zasa E, Cummings K, Scott T, Pinto A, Mokashi K, McAssey E, Helden P, Hammond L, Dinning S, Rahman S, Ray C, Dimicri S, Guppy H, Nielsen C, Vogel C, Ariza L, Morales Y, Chang R, Gabbay L, Ambrocio L, Manley R, Nemery W, Charlton P, Smith L, Kerr B, Steindel-Kopp M, Alamaguer D, Liljenquist G, Browning T, Coughenour M, Sulk E, Tsalikan M, Tansey J, Cabbage N. Identical and Nonidentical Twins: Risk and Factors Involved in Development of Islet Autoimmunity and Type 1 Diabetes. Diabetes Care 2019; 42:192-199. [PMID: 30061316 PMCID: PMC6341285 DOI: 10.2337/dc18-0288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There are variable reports of risk of concordance for progression to islet autoantibodies and type 1 diabetes in identical twins after one twin is diagnosed. We examined development of positive autoantibodies and type 1 diabetes and the effects of genetic factors and common environment on autoantibody positivity in identical twins, nonidentical twins, and full siblings. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Subjects from the TrialNet Pathway to Prevention Study (N = 48,026) were screened from 2004 to 2015 for islet autoantibodies (GAD antibody [GADA], insulinoma-associated antigen 2 [IA-2A], and autoantibodies against insulin [IAA]). Of these subjects, 17,226 (157 identical twins, 283 nonidentical twins, and 16,786 full siblings) were followed for autoantibody positivity or type 1 diabetes for a median of 2.1 years. RESULTS At screening, identical twins were more likely to have positive GADA, IA-2A, and IAA than nonidentical twins or full siblings (all P < 0.0001). Younger age, male sex, and genetic factors were significant factors for expression of IA-2A, IAA, one or more positive autoantibodies, and two or more positive autoantibodies (all P ≤ 0.03). Initially autoantibody-positive identical twins had a 69% risk of diabetes by 3 years compared with 1.5% for initially autoantibody-negative identical twins. In nonidentical twins, type 1 diabetes risk by 3 years was 72% for initially multiple autoantibody-positive, 13% for single autoantibody-positive, and 0% for initially autoantibody-negative nonidentical twins. Full siblings had a 3-year type 1 diabetes risk of 47% for multiple autoantibody-positive, 12% for single autoantibody-positive, and 0.5% for initially autoantibody-negative subjects. CONCLUSIONS Risk of type 1 diabetes at 3 years is high for initially multiple and single autoantibody-positive identical twins and multiple autoantibody-positive nonidentical twins. Genetic predisposition, age, and male sex are significant risk factors for development of positive autoantibodies in twins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor M. Triolo
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
| | - Alexandra Fouts
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
| | - Laura Pyle
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Liping Yu
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
| | - Peter A. Gottlieb
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
| | - Andrea K. Steck
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
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Strydom H, Wang J, Paine S, Dyet K, Cullen K, Wright J. Evaluating sub-typing methods for pathogenic Yersinia enterocolitica to support outbreak investigations in New Zealand. Epidemiol Infect 2019; 147:e186. [PMID: 31364520 PMCID: PMC6518587 DOI: 10.1017/s0950268819000773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Incidence of human yersiniosis in New Zealand has increased between 2013 and 2017. For surveillance and outbreak investigations it is essential that an appropriate level of discrimination between pathogenic Yersinia enterocolitica isolates is provided, in order to support epidemiological linking of connected cases. Subtyping of 227 Y. enterocolitica isolates was performed using a range of different typing methods, including biotyping, serotyping and seven loci multiple-locus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis (MLVA). In addition, core genome single-nucleotide polymorphism (core SNP) analysis and multi-locus sequence typing were performed on a subset of 69 isolates. Sixty-seven different MLVA types were identified. One MLVA profile was associated with an outbreak in the Bay of Plenty region, supported by epidemiological data. Core SNP analysis showed that all the outbreak-related isolates clustered together. The subtyping and epidemiological evidence suggests that the outbreak of yersiniosis in the Bay of Plenty region between October and December 2016 could be attributed to a point source. However, subtyping results further suggest that the same clone was isolated from several regions between August 2016 and March 2017. Core SNP analysis and MLVA typing failed to differentiate between Y. enterocolitica biotype 2 and biotype 3. For this reason, we propose that these biotypes should be reported as a single type namely: Y. enterocolitica biotype 2/3 and that the serotype should be prioritised as an indicator of prevalence.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. Strydom
- Institute of Environmental Science & Research (ESR), Porirua, New Zealand
| | - J. Wang
- Institute of Environmental Science & Research (ESR), Porirua, New Zealand
| | - S. Paine
- Institute of Environmental Science & Research (ESR), Porirua, New Zealand
| | - K. Dyet
- Institute of Environmental Science & Research (ESR), Porirua, New Zealand
| | - K. Cullen
- Institute of Environmental Science & Research (ESR), Porirua, New Zealand
| | - J. Wright
- Institute of Environmental Science & Research (ESR), Porirua, New Zealand
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McCormick D, Powell A, Jones H, Bell J, Hargadon S, Hudson S, Kummer M, Badias F, Sauder S, Sutton E, Gensel K, Aguirre-Castaneda R, Benavides Lopez V, Hemp D, Allen S, Stear J, Davis E, Jones T, Baker A, Roberts A, Dart J, Paramalingam N, Levitt Katz L, Chaudhary N, Murphy K, Willi S, Schwartzman B, Kapadia C, Larson D, Bassi M, McClellan D, Shaibai G, Kelley L, Villa G, Kelley C, Diamond R, Kabbani M, Dajani T, Hoekstra F, Magorno M, Beam C, Holst J, Chauhan V, Wilson N, Bononi P, Sperl M, Millward A, Eaton M, Dean L, Olshan J, Renna H, Boulware D, Milliard C, Snyder D, Beaman S, Burch K, Chester J, Ahmann A, Wollam B, DeFrang D, Fitch R, Jahnke K, Bounmananh L, Hanavan K, Klopfenstein B, Nicol L, Bergstrom R, Noland T, Brodksy J, Bacon L, Quintos J, Topor L, Bialo S, Bream S, Bancroft B, Soto A, Lagarde W, Lockemer H, Vanderploeg T, Ibrahim M, Huie M, Sanchez V, Edelen R, Marchiando R, Freeman D, Palmer J, Repas T, Wasson M, Auker P, Culbertson J, Kieffer T, Voorhees D, Borgwardt T, DeRaad L, Eckert K, Gough J, Isaacson E, Kuhn H, Carroll A, Schubert M, Francis G, Hagan S, Le T, Penn M, Wickham E, Leyva C, Ginem J, Rivera K, Padilla J, Rodriguez I, Jospe N, Czyzyk J, Johnson B, Nadgir U, Marlen N, Prakasam G, Rieger C, Granger M, Glaser N, Heiser E, Harris B, Foster C, Slater H, Wheeler K, Donaldson D, Murray M, Hale D, Tragus R, Holloway M, Word D, Lynch J, Pankratz L, Rogers W, Newfield R, Holland S, Hashiguchi M, Gottschalk M, Philis-Tsimikas A, Rosal R, Kieffer M, Franklin S, Guardado S, Bohannon N, Garcia M, Aguinaldo T, Phan J, Barraza V, Cohen D, Pinsker J, Khan U, Lane P, Wiley J, Jovanovic L, Misra P, Wright M, Cohen D, Huang K, Skiles M, Maxcy S, Pihoker C, Cochrane K, Nallamshetty L, Fosse J, Kearns S, Klingsheim M, Wright N, Viles L, Smith H, Heller S, Cunningham M, Daniels A, Zeiden L, Parrimon Y, Field J, Walker R, Griffin K, Bartholow L, Erickson C, Howard J, Krabbenhoft B, Sandman C, Vanveldhuizen A, Wurlger J, Paulus K, Zimmerman A, Hanisch K, Davis-Keppen L, Cotterill A, Kirby J, Harris M, Schmidt A, Kishiyama C, Flores C, Milton J, Ramiro J, Martin W, Whysham C, Yerka A, Freels T, Hassing J, Webster J, Green R, Carter P, Galloway J, Hoelzer D, Ritzie AQL, Roberts S, Said S, Sullivan P, Allen H, Reiter E, Feinberg E, Johnson C, Newhook L, Hagerty D, White N, Sharma A, Levandoski L, Kyllo J, Johnson M, Benoit C, Iyer P, Diamond F, Hosono H, Jackman S, Barette L, Jones P, Shor A, Sills I, Bzdick S, Bulger J, Weinstock R, Douek I, Andrews R, Modgill G, Gyorffy G, Robin L, Vaidya N, Song X, Crouch S, O’Brien K, Thompson C, Thorne N, Blumer J, Kalic J, Klepek L, Paulett J, Rosolowski B, Horner J, Terry A, Watkins M, Casey J, Carpenter K, Burns C, Horton J, Pritchard C, Soetaert D, Wynne A, Kaiserman K, Halvorson M, Weinberger J, Chin C, Molina O, Patel C, Senguttuvan R, Wheeler M, Furet O, Steuhm C, Jelley D, Goudeau S, Chalmers L, Wootten M, Greer D, Panagiotopoulos C, Metzger D, Nguyen D, Horowitz M, Christiansen M, Glades E, Morimoto C, Macarewich M, Norman R, Harding P, Patin K, Vargas C, Barbanica A, Yu A, Vaidyanathan P, Osborne W, Mehra R, Kaster S, Neace S, Horner J, McDonough S, Reeves G, Cordrey C, Marrs L, Miller T, Dowshen S, Doyle D, Walker S, Catte D, Dean H, Drury-Brown M, McGee PF, Hackman B, Lee M, Malkani S, Cullen K, Johnson K, Hampton P, McCarrell M, Curtis C, Paul E, Zambrano Y, Hess KO, Phoebus D, Quinlan S, Raiden E, Batts E, Buddy C, Kirpatrick K, Ramey M, Shultz A, Webb C, Romesco M, Fradkin J, Blumberg E, Beck G, Brillon D, Gubitosi-Klug R, Laffel L, Veatch R, Wallace D, Braun J, Lernmark A, Lo B, Mitchell H, Naji A, Nerup J, Orchard T, Steffes M, Tsiatis A, Zinman B, Loechelt B, Baden L, Green M, Weinberg A, Marcovina S, Palmer JP, Weinberg A, Yu L, Babu S, Winter W, Eisenbarth GS, Bingley P, Clynes R, DiMeglio L, Eisenbarth G, Hays B, Marks J, Matheson D, Rodriguez H, Wilson D, Redondo MJ, Gomez D, Zheng X, Pena S, Pietropaolo M, Batts E, Brown T, Buckner J, Dove A, Hammond M, Hefty D, Klein J, Kuhns K, Letlau M, Lord S, McCulloch-Olson M, Miller L, Nepom G, Odegard J, Ramey M, Sachter E, St. Marie M, Stickney K, VanBuecken D, Vellek B, Webber C, Allen L, Bollyk J, Hilderman N, Ismail H, Lamola S, Sanda S, Vendettuoli H, Tridgell D, Monzavi R, Bock M, Fisher L, Halvorson M, Jeandron D, Kim M, Wood J, Geffner M, Kaufman F, Parkman R, Salazar C, Goland R, Clynes R, Cook S, Freeby M, Gallagher MP, Gandica R, Greenberg E, Kurland A, Pollak S, Wolk A, Chan M, Koplimae L, Levine E, Smith K, Trast J, DiMeglio L, Blum J, Evans-Molina C, Hufferd R, Jagielo B, Kruse C, Patrick V, Rigby M, Spall M, Swinney K, Terrell J, Christner L, Ford L, Lynch S, Menendez M, Merrill P, Pescovitz M, Rodriguez H, Alleyn C, Baidal D, Fay S, Gaglia J, Resnick B, Szubowicz S, Weir G, Benjamin R, Conboy D, deManbey A, Jackson R, Jalahej H, Orban T, Ricker A, Wolfsdorf J, Zhang HH, Wilson D, Aye T, Baker B, Barahona K, Buckingham B, Esrey K, Esrey T, Fathman G, Snyder R, Aneja B, Chatav M, Espinoza O, Frank E, Liu J, Perry J, Pyle R, Rigby A, Riley K, Soto A, Gitelman S, Adi S, Anderson M, Berhel A, Breen K, Fraser K, Gerard-Gonzalez A, Jossan P, Lustig R, Moassesfar S, Mugg A, Ng D, Prahalod P, Rangel-Lugo M, Sanda S, Tarkoff J, Torok C, Wesch R, Aslan I, Buchanan J, Cordier J, Hamilton C, Hawkins L, Ho T, Jain A, Ko K, Lee T, Phelps S, Rosenthal S, Sahakitrungruang T, Stehl L, Taylor L, Wertz M, Wong J, Philipson L, Briars R, Devine N, Littlejohn E, Grant T, Gottlieb P, Klingensmith G, Steck A, Alkanani A, Bautista K, Bedoy R, Blau A, Burke B, Cory L, Dang M, Fitzgerald-Miller L, Fouts A, Gage V, Garg S, Gesauldo P, Gutin R, Hayes C, Hoffman M, Ketchum K, Logsden-Sackett N, Maahs D, Messer L, Meyers L, Michels A, Peacock S, Rewers M, Rodriguez P, Sepulbeda F, Sippl R, Steck A, Taki I, Tran BK, Tran T, Wadwa RP, Zeitler P, Barker J, Barry S, Birks L, Bomsburger L, Bookert T, Briggs L, Burdick P, Cabrera R, Chase P, Cobry E, Conley A, Cook G, Daniels J, DiDomenico D, Eckert J, Ehler A, Eisenbarth G, Fain P, Fiallo-Scharer R, Frank N, Goettle H, Haarhues M, Harris S, Horton L, Hutton J, Jeffrrey J, Jenison R, Jones K, Kastelic W, King MA, Lehr D, Lungaro J, Mason K, Maurer H, Nguyen L, Proto A, Realsen J, Schmitt K, Schwartz M, Skovgaard S, Smith J, Vanderwel B, Voelmle M, Wagner R, Wallace A, Walravens P, Weiner L, Westerhoff B, Westfall E, Widmer K, Wright H, Schatz D, Abraham A, Atkinson M, Cintron M, Clare-Salzler M, Ferguson J, Haller M, Hosford J, Mancini D, Rohrs H, Silverstein J, Thomas J, Winter W, Cole G, Cook R, Coy R, Hicks E, Lewis N, Marks J, Pugliese A, Blaschke C, Matheson D, Sanders-Branca N, Sosenko J, Arazo L, Arce R, Cisneros M, Sabbag S, Moran A, Gibson C, Fife B, Hering B, Kwong C, Leschyshyn J, Nathan B, Pappenfus B, Street A, Boes MA, Eck SP, Finney L, Fischer TA, Martin A, Muzamhindo CJ, Rhodes M, Smith J, Wagner J, Wood B, Becker D, Delallo K, Diaz A, Elnyczky B, Libman I, Pasek B, Riley K, Trucco M, Copemen B, Gwynn D, Toledo F, Rodriguez H, Bollepalli S, Diamond F, Eyth E, Henson D, Lenz A, Shulman D, Raskin P, Adhikari S, Dickson B, Dunnigan E, Lingvay I, Pruneda L, Ramos-Roman M, Raskin P, Rhee C, Richard J, Siegelman M, Sturges D, Sumpter K, White P, Alford M, Arthur J, Aviles-Santa ML, Cordova E, Davis R, Fernandez S, Fordan S, Hardin T, Jacobs A, Kaloyanova P, Lukacova-Zib I, Mirfakhraee S, Mohan A, Noto H, Smith O, Torres N, Wherrett D, Balmer D, Eisel L, Kovalakovska R, Mehan M, Sultan F, Ahenkorah B, Cevallos J, Razack N, Ricci MJ, Rhode A, Srikandarajah M, Steger R, Russell WE, Black M, Brendle F, Brown A, Moore D, Pittel E, Robertson A, Shannon A, Thomas JW, Herold K, Feldman L, Sherwin R, Tamborlane W, Weinzimer S, Toppari J, Kallio T, Kärkkäinen M, Mäntymäki E, Niininen T, Nurmi B, Rajala P, Romo M, Suomenrinne S, Näntö-Salonen K, Simell O, Simell T, Bosi E, Battaglia M, Bianconi E, Bonfanti R, Grogan P, Laurenzi A, Martinenghi S, Meschi F, Pastore M, Falqui L, Muscato MT, Viscardi M, Castleden H, Farthing N, Loud S, Matthews C, McGhee J, Morgan A, Pollitt J, Elliot-Jones R, Wheaton C, Knip M, Siljander H, Suomalainen H, Colman P, Healy F, Mesfin S, Redl L, Wentworth J, Willis J, Farley M, Harrison L, Perry C, Williams F, Mayo A, Paxton J, Thompson V, Volin L, Fenton C, Carr L, Lemon E, Swank M, Luidens M, Salgam M, Sharma V, Schade D, King C, Carano R, Heiden J, Means N, Holman L, Thomas I, Madrigal D, Muth T, Martin C, Plunkett C, Ramm C, Auchus R, Lane W, Avots E, Buford M, Hale C, Hoyle J, Lane B, Muir A, Shuler S, Raviele N, Ivie E, Jenkins M, Lindsley K, Hansen I, Fadoju D, Felner E, Bode B, Hosey R, Sax J, Jefferies C, Mannering S, Prentis R, She J, Stachura M, Hopkins D, Williams J, Steed L, Asatapova E, Nunez S, Knight S, Dixon P, Ching J, Donner T, Longnecker S, Abel K, Arcara K, Blackman S, Clark L, Cooke D, Plotnick L, Levin P, Bromberger L, Klein K, Sadurska K, Allen C, Michaud D, Snodgrass H, Burghen G, Chatha S, Clark C, Silverberg J, Wittmer C, Gardner J, LeBoeuf C, Bell P, McGlore O, Tennet H, Alba N, Carroll M, Baert L, Beaton H, Cordell E, Haynes A, Reed C, Lichter K, McCarthy P, McCarthy S, Monchamp T, Roach J, Manies S, Gunville F, Marosok L, Nelson T, Ackerman K, Rudolph J, Stewart M, McCormick K, May S, Falls T, Barrett T, Dale K, Makusha L, McTernana C, Penny-Thomas K, Sullivan K, Narendran P, Robbie J, Smith D, Christensen R, Koehler B, Royal C, Arthur T, Houser H, Renaldi J, Watsen S, Wu P, Lyons L, House B, Yu J, Holt H, Nation M, Vickers C, Watling R, Heptulla R, Trast J, Agarwal C, Newell D, Katikaneni R, Gardner C, Del Rio A, Logan A, Collier H, Rishton C, Whalley G, Ali A, Ramtoola S, Quattrin T, Mastrandea L, House A, Ecker M, Huang C, Gougeon C, Ho J, Pacuad D, Dunger D, May J, O’Brien C, Acerini C, Salgin B, Thankamony A, Williams R, Buse J, Fuller G, Duclos M, Tricome J, Brown H, Pittard D, Bowlby D, Blue A, Headley T, Bendre S, Lewis K, Sutphin K, Soloranzo C, Puskaric J, Madison H, Rincon M, Carlucci M, Shridharani R, Rusk B, Tessman E, Huffman D, Abrams H, Biederman B, Jones M, Leathers V, Brickman W, Petrie P, Zimmerman D, Howard J, Miller L, Alemzadeh R, Mihailescu D, Melgozza-Walker R, Abdulla N, Boucher-Berry C, Ize-Ludlow D, Levy R, Swenson Brousell C, Scott R, Heenan H, Lunt H, Kendall D, Willis J, Darlow B, Crimmins N, Edler D, Weis T, Schultz C, Rogers D, Latham D, Mawhorter C, Switzer C, Spencer W, Konstantnopoulus P, Broder S, Klein J, Bachrach B, Gardner M, Eichelberger D, Knight L, Szadek L, Welnick G, Thompson B, Hoffman R, Revell A, Cherko J, Carter K, Gilson E, Haines J, Arthur G, Bowen B, Zipf W, Graves P, Lozano R, Seiple D, Spicer K, Chang A, Fregosi J, Harbinson J, Paulson C, Stalters S, Wright P, Zlock D, Freeth A, Victory J, Maheshwari H, Maheshwari A, Holmstrom T, Bueno J, Arguello R, Ahern J, Noreika L, Watson V, Hourse S, Breyer P, Kissel C, Nicholson Y, Pfeifer M, Almazan S, Bajaj J, Quinn M, Funk K, McCance J, Moreno E, Veintimilla R, Wells A, Cook J, Trunnel S, Transue D, Surhigh J, Bezzaire D, Moltz K, Zacharski E, Henske J, Desai S, Frizelis K, Khan F, Sjoberg R, Allen K, Manning P, Hendry G, Taylor B, Jones S, Couch R, Danchak R, Lieberman D, Strader W, Bencomo M, Bailey T, Bedolla L, Roldan C, Moudiotis C, Vaidya B, Anning C, Bunce S, Estcourt S, Folland E, Gordon E, Harrill C, Ireland J, Piper J, Scaife L, Sutton K, Wilkins S, Costelloe M, Palmer J, Casas L, Miller C, Burgard M, Erickson C, Hallanger-Johnson J, Clark P, Taylor W, Galgani J, Banerjee S, Banda C, McEowen D, Kinman R, Lafferty A, Gillett S, Nolan C, Pathak M, Sondrol L, Hjelle T, Hafner S, Kotrba J, Hendrickson R, Cemeroglu A, Symington T, Daniel M, Appiagyei-Dankah Y, Postellon D, Racine M, Kleis L, Barnes K, Godwin S, McCullough H, Shaheen K, Buck G, Noel L, Warren M, Weber S, Parker S, Gillespie I, Nelson B, Frost C, Amrhein J, Moreland E, Hayes A, Peggram J, Aisenberg J, Riordan M, Zasa J, Cummings E, Scott K, Pinto T, Mokashi A, McAssey K, Helden E, Hammond P, Dinning L, Rahman S, Ray S, Dimicri C, Guppy S, Nielsen H, Vogel C, Ariza C, Morales L, Chang Y, Gabbay R, Ambrocio L, Manley L, Nemery R, Charlton W, Smith P, Kerr L, Steindel-Kopp B, Alamaguer M, Tabisola-Nuesca E, Pendersen A, Larson N, Cooper-Olviver H, Chan D, Fitz-Patrick D, Carreira T, Park Y, Ruhaak R, Liljenquist D. A Type 1 Diabetes Genetic Risk Score Predicts Progression of Islet Autoimmunity and Development of Type 1 Diabetes in Individuals at Risk. Diabetes Care 2018; 41:1887-1894. [PMID: 30002199 PMCID: PMC6105323 DOI: 10.2337/dc18-0087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We tested the ability of a type 1 diabetes (T1D) genetic risk score (GRS) to predict progression of islet autoimmunity and T1D in at-risk individuals. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We studied the 1,244 TrialNet Pathway to Prevention study participants (T1D patients' relatives without diabetes and with one or more positive autoantibodies) who were genotyped with Illumina ImmunoChip (median [range] age at initial autoantibody determination 11.1 years [1.2-51.8], 48% male, 80.5% non-Hispanic white, median follow-up 5.4 years). Of 291 participants with a single positive autoantibody at screening, 157 converted to multiple autoantibody positivity and 55 developed diabetes. Of 953 participants with multiple positive autoantibodies at screening, 419 developed diabetes. We calculated the T1D GRS from 30 T1D-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms. We used multivariable Cox regression models, time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curves, and area under the curve (AUC) measures to evaluate prognostic utility of T1D GRS, age, sex, Diabetes Prevention Trial-Type 1 (DPT-1) Risk Score, positive autoantibody number or type, HLA DR3/DR4-DQ8 status, and race/ethnicity. We used recursive partitioning analyses to identify cut points in continuous variables. RESULTS Higher T1D GRS significantly increased the rate of progression to T1D adjusting for DPT-1 Risk Score, age, number of positive autoantibodies, sex, and ethnicity (hazard ratio [HR] 1.29 for a 0.05 increase, 95% CI 1.06-1.6; P = 0.011). Progression to T1D was best predicted by a combined model with GRS, number of positive autoantibodies, DPT-1 Risk Score, and age (7-year time-integrated AUC = 0.79, 5-year AUC = 0.73). Higher GRS was significantly associated with increased progression rate from single to multiple positive autoantibodies after adjusting for age, autoantibody type, ethnicity, and sex (HR 2.27 for GRS >0.295, 95% CI 1.47-3.51; P = 0.0002). CONCLUSIONS The T1D GRS independently predicts progression to T1D and improves prediction along T1D stages in autoantibody-positive relatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria J. Redondo
- Texas Children’s Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | | | - Andrea K. Steck
- Barbara Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
| | - Seth Sharp
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter, Exeter, U.K
| | - John M. Wentworth
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research and Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael N. Weedon
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter, Exeter, U.K
| | | | | | | | | | - Richard A. Oram
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter, Exeter, U.K
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Broderick J, Mc Grath C, Cullen K, Talbot D, Gilmor J, Baily-Scanlan M, O’Dwyer T. Effects of pulmonary rehabilitation on exercise capacity and disease impact in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and obesity. Physiotherapy 2018; 104:248-250. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physio.2017.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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O’connor P, Cullen K, Bradley E. MON-P192: Using Quality Improvement Methodologies to Optimise Nutrition Care for all Patients Admitted to an Acute Neurosurgical Ward in Beaumont Hospital. Clin Nutr 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s0261-5614(17)30895-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Phillips KLE, Cullen K, Chiverton N, Michael ALR, Cole AA, Breakwell LM, Haddock G, Bunning RAD, Cross AK, Le Maitre CL. Potential roles of cytokines and chemokines in human intervertebral disc degeneration: interleukin-1 is a master regulator of catabolic processes. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2015; 23:1165-77. [PMID: 25748081 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2015.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2014] [Revised: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE These studies investigated cytokine and chemokine receptor profiles in nucleus pulposus (NP) cells, and the effects of receptor stimulation on mRNA levels of extracellular matrix (ECM) components, degrading enzymes and cytokine and chemokine expression. METHOD Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed to localise expression of CD4, CCR1, CXCR1 and CXCR2 in human NP tissue samples. Effects of cytokine and chemokine stimulation was performed to investigate effects related to ECM remodelling and modulation of cytokine and chemokine mRNA expression. RESULTS IHC identified CD4, CCR1, CXCR1 and CXCR2 expression by NP cells. Differential expression profiles were observed for CD4 and CXCR2 in tissue samples from degenerate and infiltrated IVDs. In vitro stimulations of primary human NP cultures with IL-16, CCL2, CCL3, CCL7 or CXCL8 did not identify any modulatory effects on parameters associated with ECM remodelling or expression of other cytokines and chemokines. Conversely, IL-1 was seen to modulate ECM remodelling and expression of all other cytokines and chemokines investigated. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates for the first time that NP cells express a number of cytokine and chemokine receptors and thus could respond in an autocrine or paracrine manner to cytokines and chemokines produced by NP cells, particularly during tissue degeneration. However, this study failed to demonstrate regulatory effects on ECM genes and degradative enzymes or other cytokines and chemokines for any target investigated, with the exception of IL-1. This suggests that IL-1 is a master regulator within the IVD and may exert regulatory potential over a plethora of other cytokines and chemokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- K L E Phillips
- Biomedical Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK.
| | - K Cullen
- Transplant Immunology, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK.
| | - N Chiverton
- Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK.
| | - A L R Michael
- Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK.
| | - A A Cole
- Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK.
| | - L M Breakwell
- Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK.
| | - G Haddock
- Biomedical Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK.
| | - R A D Bunning
- Biomedical Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK.
| | - A K Cross
- Biomedical Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK.
| | - C L Le Maitre
- Biomedical Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK.
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Peusner K, Vidal P, Minor L, Cullen K, Yates B, Shao M, Dutia M. Vestibular compensation: New clinical and basic science perspectives. J Vestib Res 2010; 19:143-6. [DOI: 10.3233/ves-2009-0351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Peusner
- Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Biology, The George Washington University Medical Center, Washington DC, USA
| | - P.P. Vidal
- Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Biology, The George Washington University Medical Center, Washington DC, USA
| | - L. Minor
- Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Biology, The George Washington University Medical Center, Washington DC, USA
| | - K. Cullen
- Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Biology, The George Washington University Medical Center, Washington DC, USA
| | - B. Yates
- Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Biology, The George Washington University Medical Center, Washington DC, USA
| | - M. Shao
- Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Biology, The George Washington University Medical Center, Washington DC, USA
| | - M. Dutia
- Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Biology, The George Washington University Medical Center, Washington DC, USA
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Strongin A, Yovino S, Taylor R, Wolf J, Cullen K, Ord R, Zimrin A, Strome S, Regine W, Suntharalingam M. Tumor Volume Predicts Tumor Control and Survival among Patients with Locally Advanced Head and Neck Cancer undergoing Definitive Chemoradiation Therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2009.07.928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Lorch J, Haddad R, Fasciano J, Goloubova O, Cullen K, Posner M. 8502 Long term (Five-year) results of Tax324: A Phase III Trial of Sequential Therapy comparing TPF with PF in Patients with locally advanced squamous cell cancer of the head and neck. EJC Suppl 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(09)71593-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Giustarini E, Muller I, Campani D, Cullen K, Lippman M, Giani C. IGF II EXPRESSION IN BREAST CANCER (BC): RELATIONSHIP WITH EPITHELIAL PROGESTERONE RECEPTOR. Maturitas 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s0378-5122(09)70182-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Vite CH, Magnitsky S, Aleman D, O'Donnell P, Cullen K, Ding W, Pickup S, Wolfe JH, Poptani H. Apparent diffusion coefficient reveals gray and white matter disease, and T2 mapping detects white matter disease in the brain in feline alpha-mannosidosis. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2008; 29:308-13. [PMID: 17974615 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a0791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Methods to locate and identify brain pathology are critical for monitoring disease progression and for evaluating the efficacy of therapeutic intervention. The purpose of this study was to detect cell swelling, abnormal myelin, and astrogliosis in the feline model of the lysosomal storage disease alpha-mannosidosis (AMD) by using diffusion and T2 mapping. MATERIALS AND METHODS Average apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC(av)) and T2 were measured by imaging the brains of five 16-week-old cats with feline AMD on a 4.7T magnet. ADC(av) and T2 data from affected cats were compared with data from age-matched normal cats. Brains were collected from both affected and normal cats following imaging, and histology was compared with quantitative imaging data. RESULTS Gray matter from AMD cats demonstrated a 13%-15% decrease in ADC(av) compared with that in normal cats. White matter from AMD cats exhibited an 11%-16% decrease in ADC(av) and a 5%-12% increase in T2 values compared with those in normal control cats. Histologic evidence of neuronal and glial swelling, abnormal myelin, and astrogliosis was consistent with changes in ADC(av) and T2. CONCLUSION ADC(av) and T2 data can be used to quantify differences in the gray and white matter in the feline AMD brain and may serve as surrogate markers of neuronal swelling, abnormal myelin, and astrogliosis associated with this disease. These studies may be helpful in assessing the efficacy of experimental therapies for central nervous system disease associated with lysosomal storage diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Vite
- W.F. Goodman Center for Comparative Medical Genetics, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19105, USA.
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Yovino S, Settle K, Taylor R, Wolf J, Kwok Y, Cullen K, Ord R, Zimrin A, Strome S, Suntharalingam M. Can Adjuvant Neck Dissection be Deferred in Locally Advanced Head and Neck Cancer Patients With Complete Response to Definitive Chemoradiotherapy? Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2007.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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19
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Suntharalingam M, Taylor R, Wolf J, Cullen K, Zimrin A, Ord R, Strome S. Initial Report of a Phase II Trial of Weekly Cetuximab, CBDCA, Paclitaxel, and Daily RT in Patients with Locally Advanced SCCHN. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2007.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Settle K, Taylor R, Papadimitriou J, Carter-Monroe N, Murali N, Wolf J, Cullen K, Suntharalingam M. 2429. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2006.07.839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Suntharalingam M, Wolf J, Taylor R, Jaboin J, Bangalore M, Ord R, Cullen K. The Evaluation of Amifostine for Mucosal Protection in Advanced Loco-Regional Squamous Cell Carcinomas of the Head and Neck (SCCHN) Treated with Concurrent Weekly Carboplatin, Paclitaxel, and Daily Radiotherapy (RT). Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2005.07.641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Valencia JC, Matsui K, Bondy C, Zhou J, Rasmussen A, Cullen K, Yu ZX, Moss J, Ferrans VJ. Distribution and mRNA expression of insulin-like growth factor system in pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis. J Investig Med 2001; 49:421-33. [PMID: 11523698 DOI: 10.2310/6650.2001.33787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insulin-like growth factors (IGF-1 and IGF-2), the IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R), and IGF-binding proteins (IGFBPs) are involved in normal pulmonary development and in the pathogenesis of smooth muscle cell tumors. METHODS To evaluate the role of the IGF system in lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM), we used immunohistochemical and in situ hybridization techniques to characterize the expression of IGF-1, IGF-2, IGF-1R, and IGFBP-2, -4, -5, and -6 in lung tissue from 18 LAM patients. RESULTS IGF-1, ICGF-2, IGF-1R, IGFBP-1, IGFBP-2, IGFBP-4, IGFBP-5, and IGFBP-6 were expressed by LAM cells. Reactivity and mRNA expression for IGF-2 were observed in LAM cells and resembled that found in normal smooth muscle cells during pulmonary development as well as in smooth muscle cell tumors. IGFBP-2, IGFBP-4, and IGFBP-6 were associated with spindle-shaped LAM cells, whereas IGFBP-5 was associated mainly with epithelioid LAM cells. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that the IGFBPs modulate the effects of the IGFs on LAM cells. Thus, the patterns of localization and expression of components of the IGF system in LAM strongly suggest that these agents are involved in the proliferation of LAM cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Valencia
- Pathology Section, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1518, USA
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Schonauer F, Pereira J, La Rusca I, Harris J, Cullen K. Use of Indermil tissue adhesive for closure of superficial skin lacerations in children. MINERVA CHIR 2001; 56:427-9. [PMID: 11460081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to assess the use of tissue adhesive for paediatric wound closure in a minor injuries environment. METHODS A n-butyl 2-cyanoacrylate adhesive formulation was used for the closure of traumatic skin lacerations in 56 children. RESULTS Tissue adhesive succeeded in approximating skin margins in all cases. No episodes of wound dehiscence were experienced. There were no incidences of wound infection. CONCLUSIONS This study indicates that this form of tissue adhesive can safely and effectively be utilised for traumatic superficial skin closure in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Schonauer
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Queen Victoria Hospital, East Grinstead, West Sussex, UK
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24
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Nicklas TA, Baranowski T, Baranowski JC, Cullen K, Rittenberry L, Olvera N. Family and child-care provider influences on preschool children's fruit, juice, and vegetable consumption. Nutr Rev 2001; 59:224-35. [PMID: 11475448 DOI: 10.1111/j.1753-4887.2001.tb07014.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 247] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Children's intakes of fruit, juice, and vegetables (FJV) do not meet the recommended minimum of five daily servings, placing them at increased risk for development of cancer and other diseases. Because children's food preferences and practices are initiated early in life (e.g., 2-5 years of age), early dietary intervention programs may have immediate nutritional benefit, as well as reduce chronic disease risk when learned healthful habits and preferences are carried into adulthood. Families and child-care settings are important social environments within which food-related behaviors among young children are developed. FJV preferences, the primary predictor of FJV consumption in children, are influenced by availability, variety, and repeated exposure. Caregivers (parents and child-care providers) can influence children's eating practices by controlling availability and accessibility of foods, meal structure, food modeling, food socialization practices, and food-related parenting style. Much remains to be learned about how these influences and practices affect the development of FJV preferences and consumption early in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- T A Nicklas
- Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
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Abstract
The prognosis of squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck (HNSCC) is influenced by many factors, such as performance status, TNM staging and pathological grading of differentiation. However, these factors are not sufficient for predicting outcome. Therefore, recent research has focused on the identification of molecular biomarkers. These markers help to stage patients in more meaningful prognostic groups and identify high-risk patients who may benefit from a more aggressive treatment approach. They also identify patients who are resistant to radiotherapy or chemotherapy, potentially avoiding the morbidity and cost of ineffective therapies. They can also identify patients with a high risk of recurrence who may benefit from chemoprevention. Finally, these markers may serve as targets for novel therapies, which would eventually change the outcome of HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Hussein
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Lombardi Cancer Center, Georgetown Univ. Medical Center, Washington, DC 20007, USA
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Cullen K, Davey R, Davey M. The drug resistance proteins, multidrug resistance-associated protein and P-glycoprotein, do not confer resistance to Fas-induced cell death. Cytometry 2001. [PMID: 11170105 DOI: 10.1002/1097-0320(20010301)43:3<189::aid-cyto1048>3.0.co;2-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multidrug resistance (MDR) is mediated by the drug resistance proteins, the multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP) and P-glycoprotein, both of which confer resistance by the active efflux of chemotherapeutic drugs from the cell. Reduced Fas (CD95/APO-1) expression and resistance to Fas-mediated apoptosis have also been correlated with P-glycoprotein-mediated MDR. METHODS We investigated cell surface Fas expression (using anti-Fas monoclonal antibody DX2.1) in a series of MRP-expressing drug-resistant leukemia sublines, and P-glycoprotein-expressing leukemia sublines, and their susceptibility to apoptosis induced by anti-Fas treatment (CH-11 monoclonal antibody). Caspase-3 activation was detected by Western blot and apoptosis was determined by flow cytometry with 7-aminoactinomycin D (7-AAD) staining of cells. RESULTS Fas expression was not reduced in either the MRP- or P-glycoprotein-expressing drug-resistant cell lines, although expression was reduced by 15% in one low-level drug-resistant subline. Expression of MRP or P-glycoprotein did not confer resistance to caspase-3 activation or to anti-Fas-induced cell death. CONCLUSIONS MDR mediated by the drug transport proteins MRP and P-glycoprotein does not correlate with resistance to Fas-mediated cell death or resistance to caspase-3 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Cullen
- Cell and Molecular Biology Department, University of Technology, Sydney, Australia
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27
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Multidrug resistance (MDR) is mediated by the drug resistance proteins, the multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP) and P-glycoprotein, both of which confer resistance by the active efflux of chemotherapeutic drugs from the cell. Reduced Fas (CD95/APO-1) expression and resistance to Fas-mediated apoptosis have also been correlated with P-glycoprotein-mediated MDR. METHODS We investigated cell surface Fas expression (using anti-Fas monoclonal antibody DX2.1) in a series of MRP-expressing drug-resistant leukemia sublines, and P-glycoprotein-expressing leukemia sublines, and their susceptibility to apoptosis induced by anti-Fas treatment (CH-11 monoclonal antibody). Caspase-3 activation was detected by Western blot and apoptosis was determined by flow cytometry with 7-aminoactinomycin D (7-AAD) staining of cells. RESULTS Fas expression was not reduced in either the MRP- or P-glycoprotein-expressing drug-resistant cell lines, although expression was reduced by 15% in one low-level drug-resistant subline. Expression of MRP or P-glycoprotein did not confer resistance to caspase-3 activation or to anti-Fas-induced cell death. CONCLUSIONS MDR mediated by the drug transport proteins MRP and P-glycoprotein does not correlate with resistance to Fas-mediated cell death or resistance to caspase-3 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Cullen
- Cell and Molecular Biology Department, University of Technology, Sydney, Australia
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28
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Strang V, Ogilvie L, Andruski L, Raiwet C, Cullen K, Heinrich M. Enhancing the quality of home health care. Can Nurse 1999; 95:28-32. [PMID: 11094944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
A strong partnership between clinical practice and nursing education is essential to innovative home health care services. Nevertheless, these two components have not always worked in close association for mutual benefit--bringing the two together has been a continuing challenge. Recently, such an alliance was achieved in Edmonton, Alberta, brought on by necessity and triggered by rapid and substantial changes in both home health care and nursing educational environments.
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Baranowski T, Koehly L, Cullen K, Prokhorov A, Wetter D, Basen-Engquist K, Anderson C, Hergenroeder A. Ethnic differences in cancer risk behaviors through the transition out of high school. Ethn Dis 1999; 9:94-103. [PMID: 10355478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Differences were assessed by ethnic group in the performance of cancer risk related lifestyle behaviors through the transition out of high school. Data were obtained from a nationally representative probability sample survey, the 1992 National Health Interview Survey-Youth Risk Behavior Survey. A cross-sectional sub-sample included adolescents with an age range from high school freshmen to young adults within four years after high school. Self reported indicators of diet, physical activity, cigarette smoking, smokeless tobacco use, alcohol use, and sexual practices were the primary dependent measures. Cancer risk increased at the transition out of high school through changes in cancer related behaviors. Hispanic-American males experienced somewhat higher risks after the transition for chewing tobacco and snuff. African Americans experienced somewhat higher risks after the transition for physical activity, chewing tobacco, and number of sexual partners. Further research needs to verify these findings with longitudinal designs, assessment of tracking of behaviors through the transition, and of the ecological, social and psychosocial correlates that may explain why these changes occurred.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Baranowski
- Department of Behavioral Science, UT M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
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Cullen K. Strong leaders strengthen retention. Nurs Manag (Harrow) 1999; 30:27-8. [PMID: 10382500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- K Cullen
- Shepherd Center, A Specialty Hospital, Atlanta, Ga., USA
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Affiliation(s)
- S R Koka
- Orthopaedic Department, Eastbourne District General Hospital, East Sussex, UK
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Double KL, Halliday GM, Kril JJ, Harasty JA, Cullen K, Brooks WS, Creasey H, Broe GA. Topography of brain atrophy during normal aging and Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Aging 1996; 17:513-21. [PMID: 8832624 DOI: 10.1016/0197-4580(96)00005-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigated the effect of age on total and regional brain volumes and compared age-associated changes in 20 healthy controls with those observed in 12 patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Weights and volumes of the whole brain and cerebrum, as well as the fractional volumes of the frontal, temporal, and parieto-occipital cortices, medial temporal structures, deep brain structures, and white matter were measured. Males had larger and heavier brains than females of comparable age. A small decline in brain volume with age was found (approximately 2 ml per year), but only within the white matter. In comparison, no further loss of white matter occurred in AD; however, the cerebral cortex was significantly reduced in volume, with the greatest loss from the medial temporal structures. This loss was related to disease progression; greater proportional loss was associated with more rapid decline in older patients. This study suggests that significant brain atrophy is not a consequence of advancing age. In addition, it suggests a regional specificity of damage in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- K L Double
- Prince of Wales Medical Research Institute, Randwick, Australia
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Abstract
Posteroventral pallidotomy as a treatment for Parkinson's disease (PD) has been the subject of increasing interest. We treated 4 nondemented patients with advanced PD, 2 with severe bradykinesia and a declining response to medication, and 2 with marked clinical fluctuations. All patients received 180 Gy delivered in one sitting to the right posteroventral pallidum site, used by Laitinen and colleagues, adjusted as needed, to avoid the optic tract. Only 1 patient changed significantly. Dyskinesia completely resolved on the side contralateral to the lesion in this patient. This same patient also became transiently demented and psychotic. The other 3 patients suffered no clearly identifiable beneficial or harmful effects. Follow-up magnetic resonance imaging scans of the brain at 1 year revealed lesions exactly where targeted although of unequal sizes. Our negative experience forces us to conclude that either larger volumes of tissue must be ablated, that physiologic monitoring is required for placing a lesion, that our subjects were poor candidates for the procedure, or that surgical ablation and radiation cause tissue damage of different types with different results.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Friedman
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
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Brunner N, Spang-Thomsen M, Cullen K. The T61 human breast cancer xenograft: an experimental model of estrogen therapy of breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 1996; 39:87-92. [PMID: 8738608 DOI: 10.1007/bf01806080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Endocrine therapy is one of the principal treatment modalities of breast cancer, both in an adjuvant setting and in advanced disease. The T61 breast cancer xenograft described here provides an experimental model of the effects of estrogen treatment at a molecular level. T61 is an estrogen receptor positive tumor which was originally derived from a T1N0M0 invasive ductal cancer and has been carried as a serially transplanted xenograft in nude mice. T61 is a hormone sensitive tumor whose growth is suppressed by both estrogen and tamoxifen, in contrast to other estrogen receptor positive tumors such as MCF-7 which are stimulated by estrogen. Molecular studies have demonstrated that T61 expresses easily detectable levels of mRNA for a number of peptide growth factors, including transforming growth factor alpha (TGF-alpha) and insulin-like growth factors I and II (IGF-I and IGF-II), but not transforming growth factor beta-I (TGF-beta1). Of these, IGF-II is the only peptide whose expression is altered by endocrine therapy. Treatment of T61-bearing nude mice with physiologic doses of estrogen is accompanied by loss of IGF-II mRNA expression within 24 hours, and rapid regression of tumor. T61 tumor growth is also inhibited in animals treated with a monoclonal antibody which blocks binding of ligand to the IGF-I receptor, which mediates the mitogenic signal of bound IGF-II through autophosphorylation of its intracellular tyrosine kinase domain. These results demonstrate the utility of the T61 model in the study of the molecular mechanism of estrogen therapy in breast cancer, and suggest that in this system, modulation of a specific growth factor (IGF-II) by endocrine therapy can have profound effects on tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Brunner
- Finsen Laboratory, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Kern FG, McLeskey SW, Zhang L, Kurebayashi J, Liu Y, Ding IY, Kharbanda S, Chen D, Miller D, Cullen K. Transfected MCF-7 cells as a model for breast-cancer progression. Breast Cancer Res Treat 1994; 31:153-65. [PMID: 7881095 DOI: 10.1007/bf00666149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The MCF-7 human breast carcinoma cell line has been used as a recipient for eukaryotic plasmid expression vectors to determine the effects of growth factor and growth factor receptor overexpression on the estrogen-dependent, antiestrogen sensitive and poorly metastatic phenotypes exhibited by this line. Overexpression of some members of the erbB family of ligands and receptors were found to have some effects on these phenotypes. However, only when two members of the fibroblast growth factor family, FGF-1 and FGF-4, were overexpressed was progressive in vivo growth observed is either ovariectomized nude mice without estrogen supplementation or in mice that received tamoxifen treatment. FGF transfected cells also exhibited an increased ability to form micrometastases. The implications of these results with regard to the possible role of the paracrine and autocrine effects of angiogenic growth factor production in breast cancer progression are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- F G Kern
- Lombardi Cancer Research Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20007
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Abstract
The aim of this study was to establish methodological variability in the estimation of the total number of neurones using the optical disector. Variations in the 3 dimensions of the disector probe were analysed under uniform sampling conditions in 50-microns-thick frozen sections of the human mediodorsal thalamic nucleus. There was no significant difference between the estimated neuronal number using samples of variable height (fractionator vs. non-fractionator sampling). In addition, different methods of volume calculation (individual sample vs. an average) did not significantly change the estimated total neuronal number. Large variations in the estimated total neuronal number occurred when the x and y dimensions of the disector probe were altered. In this study, accurate and reproducible estimates were achieved when the disector probe was large enough to have a probability of sampling at least 2 cells per frame. We conclude that the variables in the x-y plane (the disector frame size as well as the sample interval) significantly contribute to differences in the estimated total neuronal number. Several practical measurements to estimate this probability and enhance experimental design are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J Harding
- Department of Pathology, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Abstract
The basal nucleus of Meynert, incorporating the Ch4 group of cholinergic neurons, was examined in six patients with no signs of neurological abnormalities. The ages of the patients ranged from 20 to 80 years. Despite a number of descriptions of these neurons, few age-related studies have been dedicated to the analysis of the entire anteroposterior extent of the nucleus. Staining with cresyl violet and acetylcholinesterase histochemistry, alone or in combination, was used to identify the cytoarchitectural organization of the Ch4. Computer-assisted morphometry was used for three-dimensional visualization and quantitation. The three-dimensional computer reconstructions revealed a continuous ribbon of neurons with a highly variable density. Four distinct subregions could be clearly identified in all cases by their cytoarchitecture and cellular morphology, although these subgroups were different to those previously described. There were no quantitative differences between the hemispheres in volume, density or cell number of the Ch4, although equivalent levels varied in area and density. The measures were similar in all cases with the exception of the case aged 80 years old. The data demonstrate individual variability in three dimensions and confirm previous studies that found only a mild decline of the Ch4 in old age.
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Affiliation(s)
- G M Halliday
- Department of Pathology, University of Sydney, Australia
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Affiliation(s)
- K Cullen
- Busselton Population Studies, WA
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Brünner N, Moser C, Clarke R, Cullen K. IGF-I and IGF-II expression in human breast cancer xenografts: relationship to hormone independence. Breast Cancer Res Treat 1992; 22:39-45. [PMID: 1421423 DOI: 10.1007/bf01833332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Although the growth of some estrogen receptor (ER) positive breast cancers can initially be hormonally manipulated, all will eventually escape hormonal control. It is possible that the expression of polypeptide growth factors is initially under the control of steroid hormones, while the hormone unresponsive state is characterized by constitutive expression of growth factors. We studied the relationship between hormone responsiveness and IGF expression in xenograft models. The ER+ T61 xenograft was established from a primary breast cancer and has been continually passaged in athymic mice. ER+ MCF-7 cells and ER-MDA-MB-231 cells were grown in tissue culture and then inoculated into athymic mice. ER+ xenograft growth was regulated by estrogen, but with opposite results--T61 xenografts are inhibited by estrogen, while MCF-7 xenografts require estrogen for tumor formation. All xenografts expressed type I and II IGF receptors. Although T61 xenografts also express an alternatively spliced IGF-I mRNA, its expression was not regulated by estrogen. Both xenografts expressed IGF-II in a hormonally regulated manner--T61 levels were depressed by estrogen, while MCF-7 levels were increased. Thus, in these model systems, xenograft regulation of tumor growth is accompanied by parallel changes in IGF-II expression. In the estrogen independent MDA-MB-231 cells, IGF-II was constitutively expressed. These data show that IGF-II expression correlates with estrogen treatment, suggesting that autocrine expression of IGF-II may mediate estrogen-regulated cell growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Brünner
- Finsen Laboratory, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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42
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Cullen K. The very anxious patient. Aust Fam Physician 1991; 20:437-8. [PMID: 2048991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The successful management of anxiety requires doctors to be supportive of patients and to provide them with some insight into the cause of their anxiety or phobia. Persistent education, reassurance and advice about non drug therapies are necessary.
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Peat JK, Woolcock AJ, Cullen K. Decline of lung function and development of chronic airflow limitation: a longitudinal study of non-smokers and smokers in Busselton, Western Australia. Thorax 1990; 45:32-7. [PMID: 2321175 PMCID: PMC475638 DOI: 10.1136/thx.45.1.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Data collected during seven population health surveys over 18 years in Busselton, Western Australia, were examined to determine the effect of smoking on lung function and to investigate the development of chronic airflow limitation. Lung function was measured and details of respiratory illness and smoking histories were collected from subjects attending surveys at three year intervals from 1966 to 1984. Data from ex-smokers and asthmatic patients (diagnosis based on answer to questionnaire) were excluded. Regression of height adjusted forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) on age was calculated individually for 759 non-smokers and 225 regular smokers with four or more observations. Decline in height adjusted FEV1 was similar for men and women. In smokers the rate of decline in FEV1 was greater than in non-smokers and was related to the amount smoked, to the extent that a smoker could expect a 20-30% greater rate of decline than a non-smoker of the same age. Chronic airflow limitation (defined as FEV1/FEV less than 65% or FEV1 less than 65% predicted on at least two occasions) was common, occurring in 24% of men and 18% of women who were regular smokers and in 5% of male and 8% of female non-smokers. These figures are higher than those reported in other populations, especially for women and for non-smokers. Not all chronic airflow limitation was associated with respiratory symptoms, confirming that the condition may be unrecognised until it is advanced.
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Affiliation(s)
- J K Peat
- Department of Medicine, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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45
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Abstract
While there is an expanding body of literature pertaining to the special considerations related to the treatment of Hispanic patients whose primary language is Spanish, there is virtually no information reported to aid in the assessment and treatment of Hispanic and primarily Spanish-speaking sex offenders. Beyond the obvious problems posed by differences in language, there are a host of transcultural factors that may impact on the evaluation and engagement of this patient population when they are also largely psychologically unsophisticated and from a low socioeconomic level. The experiences in modifying and implementing a special program to accommodate the needs of this patient group is presented. Reticence to discuss sexuality in a group setting, the relationship between therapists and patients as effected by rules of social etiquette, and the reluctance to criticize other members in the group were prominent features attributed to religious and cultural factors. The authors consider it a necessity to be sensitive to these subtle nuances in order to provide adequate treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Cullen
- Sex Offender Treatment Program, Bronx-Lebanon Forensic Psychiatry Clinic, NY 10451
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Travin S, Cullen K, Protter B. Female sex offenders: severe victims and victimizers. J Forensic Sci 1990; 35:140-50. [PMID: 2313255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Although there is an extensive body of literature concerning male sexual offenders, there is a marked lack of articles describing sexual offenses committed by females. The authors present a review of the existing literature on this topic and describe five cases of female sexual offenders and four cases of female sexual abusers. Implications for the effective assessment and treatment of this unique population are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Travin
- Bronx-Lebanon Hospital Center, NY
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Rutkowski JA, Ross MW, Cullen K. Effects of xylazine and/or butorphanol or neostigmine on myoelectric activity of the cecum and right ventral colon in female ponies. Am J Vet Res 1989; 50:1096-101. [PMID: 2774334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Effects of xylazine HCl (0.5 mg/kg of body weight, IV) and/or butorphanol tartrate (0.04 mg/kg, IV) or neostigmine methylsulfate (0.022 mg/kg, IV) on myoelectric activity of the cecum and right ventral colon were studied in 4 conscious female ponies. Eight bipolar Ag/AgCl electrodes were sequentially placed on the seromuscular layer of the cecum (6 electrodes) and right ventral colon (2 electrodes). Recordings began 30 minutes before and continued for 90 minutes after drug administration. Each drug or drug combination was studied on 2 occasions in each pony. Two major patterns of coordinated spike bursts were identified. A series of coordinated spike bursts began at the cecal base and was conducted to the cecal apex (pattern I). A series of coordinated spike bursts began at the cecal apex, traversed the cecum, cecocolic orifice, and right ventral colon and was termed a progressive pattern (pattern II). Xylazine administration caused a significant decrease in patterns I and II for 20 minutes (P less than 0.05). Butorphanol tartrate administration caused a significant decrease in the progressive pattern for 10 minutes (P less than 0.05) without affecting the orally directed pattern. Administration of the combination of xylazine/butorphanol significantly decreased the frequency of pattern I for 40 minutes (P less than 0.05) and pattern II for 30 minutes (P less than 0.05). Neostigmine administration caused a significant increase in the frequency of pattern II for 30 minutes (P less than 0.05) without affecting pattern I (P greater than 0.05). Changes in conduction velocity of pattern I or II or the duration of spiking activity were not significantly different because of any treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Rutkowski
- Department of Clinical Studies, New Bolton Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square 19348
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Cullen K. Alcohol consumption and subsequent mortality. Aust Fam Physician 1989; 18:47-8, 50. [PMID: 2658938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Gerber L, Furst G, Shulman B, Smith C, Thornton B, Liang M, Cullen K, Stevens MB, Gilbert N. Patient education program to teach energy conservation behaviors to patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a pilot study. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1987; 68:442-5. [PMID: 3606369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
We report a prospective, randomized pilot study comparing a new workbook-based program, designed to teach patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) energy conservation behaviors, with standard occupational therapy (OT). Sixteen patients took part in the new program and nine received the standard therapy. Data on the number of tender or swollen joints, grip strength, walk time, activities of daily living, psychologic adjustment to illness, and daily activity log, were measured before and three months after intervention. Eleven percent of those who received standard therapy and 50% of those who received the workbook increased their amount of physically active time (p = .10). Twenty-two percent of the control group and 50% of those in the workbook group achieved a better balance of rest and physical activity (p = .07). We conclude that the adoption of energy conservation behaviors is different in the two groups. This initial study suggests that interrupting physical activity with rest periods may result in increased physical activity in patients with RA.
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Peat JK, Woolcock AJ, Cullen K. Rate of decline of lung function in subjects with asthma. Eur J Respir Dis 1987; 70:171-9. [PMID: 3569449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Retrospective and prospective questionnaire and lung function data, collected during seven population health surveys over 18 years in Busselton, Western Australia, have been analysed for 92 subjects with asthma and 186 normal subjects. Subjects who had a minimum of four observations over an 18-year period were selected; the age range at first study was 22-69 years. Individual regression analyses of forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), adjusted for height, on age were used in analyses. Subjects with asthma had a greater rate of decline in FEV1 (p less than 0.01) and a lower baseline lung function (p less than 0.001). The mean loss of FEV1 in males of 1.7 m height was 50 ml/year in nonsmokers with asthma compared with 35 ml/year in the normal subjects. The effect of asthma was variable and not all subjects with asthma had steep rates of decline. There were insufficient numbers of smokers with asthma to draw conclusions about an effect of cigarette smoking additional to the effect of asthma. No relationship was found between rate of decline of FEV1 and age or atopic status. In subjects with asthma, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, which was measured at the end of the study, accounted for 9% of the variation in rate of decline of FEV1 and airflow limitation, measured by FEV1 FVC, accounted for 10%. Further studies are needed to determine whether the steep rates of decline found in subjects with asthma are preventable.
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