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Effects of empagliflozin on progression of chronic kidney disease: a prespecified secondary analysis from the empa-kidney trial. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2024; 12:39-50. [PMID: 38061371 PMCID: PMC7615591 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-8587(23)00321-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors reduce progression of chronic kidney disease and the risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in a wide range of patients. However, their effects on kidney disease progression in some patients with chronic kidney disease are unclear because few clinical kidney outcomes occurred among such patients in the completed trials. In particular, some guidelines stratify their level of recommendation about who should be treated with SGLT2 inhibitors based on diabetes status and albuminuria. We aimed to assess the effects of empagliflozin on progression of chronic kidney disease both overall and among specific types of participants in the EMPA-KIDNEY trial. METHODS EMPA-KIDNEY, a randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial, was conducted at 241 centres in eight countries (Canada, China, Germany, Italy, Japan, Malaysia, the UK, and the USA), and included individuals aged 18 years or older with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of 20 to less than 45 mL/min per 1·73 m2, or with an eGFR of 45 to less than 90 mL/min per 1·73 m2 with a urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (uACR) of 200 mg/g or higher. We explored the effects of 10 mg oral empagliflozin once daily versus placebo on the annualised rate of change in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR slope), a tertiary outcome. We studied the acute slope (from randomisation to 2 months) and chronic slope (from 2 months onwards) separately, using shared parameter models to estimate the latter. Analyses were done in all randomly assigned participants by intention to treat. EMPA-KIDNEY is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03594110. FINDINGS Between May 15, 2019, and April 16, 2021, 6609 participants were randomly assigned and then followed up for a median of 2·0 years (IQR 1·5-2·4). Prespecified subgroups of eGFR included 2282 (34·5%) participants with an eGFR of less than 30 mL/min per 1·73 m2, 2928 (44·3%) with an eGFR of 30 to less than 45 mL/min per 1·73 m2, and 1399 (21·2%) with an eGFR 45 mL/min per 1·73 m2 or higher. Prespecified subgroups of uACR included 1328 (20·1%) with a uACR of less than 30 mg/g, 1864 (28·2%) with a uACR of 30 to 300 mg/g, and 3417 (51·7%) with a uACR of more than 300 mg/g. Overall, allocation to empagliflozin caused an acute 2·12 mL/min per 1·73 m2 (95% CI 1·83-2·41) reduction in eGFR, equivalent to a 6% (5-6) dip in the first 2 months. After this, it halved the chronic slope from -2·75 to -1·37 mL/min per 1·73 m2 per year (relative difference 50%, 95% CI 42-58). The absolute and relative benefits of empagliflozin on the magnitude of the chronic slope varied significantly depending on diabetes status and baseline levels of eGFR and uACR. In particular, the absolute difference in chronic slopes was lower in patients with lower baseline uACR, but because this group progressed more slowly than those with higher uACR, this translated to a larger relative difference in chronic slopes in this group (86% [36-136] reduction in the chronic slope among those with baseline uACR <30 mg/g compared with a 29% [19-38] reduction for those with baseline uACR ≥2000 mg/g; ptrend<0·0001). INTERPRETATION Empagliflozin slowed the rate of progression of chronic kidney disease among all types of participant in the EMPA-KIDNEY trial, including those with little albuminuria. Albuminuria alone should not be used to determine whether to treat with an SGLT2 inhibitor. FUNDING Boehringer Ingelheim and Eli Lilly.
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T, Tamori Y, Tamura R, Tamura Y, Tan CHH, Tan EZZ, Tanabe A, Tanabe K, Tanaka A, Tanaka A, Tanaka N, Tang S, Tang Z, Tanigaki K, Tarlac M, Tatsuzawa A, Tay JF, Tay LL, Taylor J, Taylor K, Taylor K, Te A, Tenbusch L, Teng KS, Terakawa A, Terry J, Tham ZD, Tholl S, Thomas G, Thong KM, Tietjen D, Timadjer A, Tindall H, Tipper S, Tobin K, Toda N, Tokuyama A, Tolibas M, Tomita A, Tomita T, Tomlinson J, Tonks L, Topf J, Topping S, Torp A, Torres A, Totaro F, Toth P, Toyonaga Y, Tripodi F, Trivedi K, Tropman E, Tschope D, Tse J, Tsuji K, Tsunekawa S, Tsunoda R, Tucky B, Tufail S, Tuffaha A, Turan E, Turner H, Turner J, Turner M, Tuttle KR, Tye YL, Tyler A, Tyler J, Uchi H, Uchida H, Uchida T, Uchida T, Udagawa T, Ueda S, Ueda Y, Ueki K, Ugni S, Ugwu E, Umeno R, Unekawa C, Uozumi K, Urquia K, Valleteau A, Valletta C, van Erp R, Vanhoy C, Varad V, Varma R, Varughese A, Vasquez P, Vasseur A, Veelken R, Velagapudi C, Verdel K, Vettoretti S, Vezzoli G, Vielhauer V, Viera R, Vilar E, Villaruel S, Vinall L, Vinathan J, Visnjic M, Voigt E, von-Eynatten M, Vourvou M, Wada J, Wada J, Wada T, Wada Y, Wakayama K, Wakita Y, Wallendszus K, Walters T, Wan Mohamad WH, Wang L, Wang W, Wang X, Wang X, Wang Y, Wanner C, Wanninayake S, Watada H, Watanabe K, Watanabe K, Watanabe M, Waterfall H, Watkins D, Watson S, Weaving L, Weber B, Webley Y, Webster A, Webster M, Weetman M, Wei W, Weihprecht H, Weiland L, Weinmann-Menke J, Weinreich T, Wendt R, Weng Y, Whalen M, Whalley G, Wheatley R, Wheeler A, Wheeler J, Whelton P, White K, Whitmore B, Whittaker S, Wiebel J, Wiley J, Wilkinson L, Willett M, Williams A, Williams E, Williams K, Williams T, Wilson A, Wilson P, Wincott L, Wines E, Winkelmann B, Winkler M, Winter-Goodwin B, Witczak J, Wittes J, Wittmann M, Wolf G, Wolf L, Wolfling R, Wong C, Wong E, Wong HS, Wong LW, Wong YH, Wonnacott A, Wood A, Wood L, Woodhouse H, Wooding N, Woodman A, Wren K, Wu J, Wu P, Xia S, Xiao H, Xiao X, Xie Y, Xu C, Xu Y, Xue H, Yahaya H, Yalamanchili H, Yamada A, Yamada N, Yamagata K, Yamaguchi M, Yamaji Y, Yamamoto A, Yamamoto S, Yamamoto S, Yamamoto T, Yamanaka A, Yamano T, Yamanouchi Y, Yamasaki N, Yamasaki Y, Yamasaki Y, Yamashita C, Yamauchi T, Yan Q, Yanagisawa E, Yang F, Yang L, Yano S, Yao S, Yao Y, Yarlagadda S, Yasuda Y, Yiu V, Yokoyama T, Yoshida S, Yoshidome E, Yoshikawa H, Young A, Young T, Yousif V, Yu H, Yu Y, Yuasa K, Yusof N, Zalunardo N, Zander B, Zani R, Zappulo F, Zayed M, Zemann B, Zettergren P, Zhang H, Zhang L, Zhang L, Zhang N, Zhang X, Zhao J, Zhao L, Zhao S, Zhao Z, Zhong H, Zhou N, Zhou S, Zhu D, Zhu L, Zhu S, Zietz M, Zippo M, Zirino F, Zulkipli FH. Impact of primary kidney disease on the effects of empagliflozin in patients with chronic kidney disease: secondary analyses of the EMPA-KIDNEY trial. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2024; 12:51-60. [PMID: 38061372 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-8587(23)00322-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The EMPA-KIDNEY trial showed that empagliflozin reduced the risk of the primary composite outcome of kidney disease progression or cardiovascular death in patients with chronic kidney disease mainly through slowing progression. We aimed to assess how effects of empagliflozin might differ by primary kidney disease across its broad population. METHODS EMPA-KIDNEY, a randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial, was conducted at 241 centres in eight countries (Canada, China, Germany, Italy, Japan, Malaysia, the UK, and the USA). Patients were eligible if their estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was 20 to less than 45 mL/min per 1·73 m2, or 45 to less than 90 mL/min per 1·73 m2 with a urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (uACR) of 200 mg/g or higher at screening. They were randomly assigned (1:1) to 10 mg oral empagliflozin once daily or matching placebo. Effects on kidney disease progression (defined as a sustained ≥40% eGFR decline from randomisation, end-stage kidney disease, a sustained eGFR below 10 mL/min per 1·73 m2, or death from kidney failure) were assessed using prespecified Cox models, and eGFR slope analyses used shared parameter models. Subgroup comparisons were performed by including relevant interaction terms in models. EMPA-KIDNEY is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03594110. FINDINGS Between May 15, 2019, and April 16, 2021, 6609 participants were randomly assigned and followed up for a median of 2·0 years (IQR 1·5-2·4). Prespecified subgroupings by primary kidney disease included 2057 (31·1%) participants with diabetic kidney disease, 1669 (25·3%) with glomerular disease, 1445 (21·9%) with hypertensive or renovascular disease, and 1438 (21·8%) with other or unknown causes. Kidney disease progression occurred in 384 (11·6%) of 3304 patients in the empagliflozin group and 504 (15·2%) of 3305 patients in the placebo group (hazard ratio 0·71 [95% CI 0·62-0·81]), with no evidence that the relative effect size varied significantly by primary kidney disease (pheterogeneity=0·62). The between-group difference in chronic eGFR slopes (ie, from 2 months to final follow-up) was 1·37 mL/min per 1·73 m2 per year (95% CI 1·16-1·59), representing a 50% (42-58) reduction in the rate of chronic eGFR decline. This relative effect of empagliflozin on chronic eGFR slope was similar in analyses by different primary kidney diseases, including in explorations by type of glomerular disease and diabetes (p values for heterogeneity all >0·1). INTERPRETATION In a broad range of patients with chronic kidney disease at risk of progression, including a wide range of non-diabetic causes of chronic kidney disease, empagliflozin reduced risk of kidney disease progression. Relative effect sizes were broadly similar irrespective of the cause of primary kidney disease, suggesting that SGLT2 inhibitors should be part of a standard of care to minimise risk of kidney failure in chronic kidney disease. FUNDING Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli Lilly, and UK Medical Research Council.
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Hughes IP, Butler S. Carbetocin vs. oxytocin at elective caesarean delivery: challenges and complexities in performing and interpreting a non-inferiority trial. Anaesthesia 2023; 78:1306-1307. [PMID: 37337425 DOI: 10.1111/anae.16066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- I P Hughes
- Gold Coast Hospital and Health Services, Southport, Australia
| | - S Butler
- Gold Coast Hospital and Health Services, Southport, Australia
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Cattell R, Ashamalla M, Kim J, Zabrocka E, Qian X, O'Grady B, Butler S, Yoder T, Mani K, Ryu S. Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Peer Review in Radiation Oncology. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2022.07.1726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Chen Y, Butler S, Xing L, Han B, Bagshaw H. Patient-Specific Auto-Segmentation of Target and OARs via Deep Learning on Daily Fan-Beam CT for Adaptive Prostate Radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2022.07.2186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Danboise B, Butler S, Italiya S, Richman P. 254 Does Video Pre-Briefing Reduce Cognitive Load During a Simulated ACLS Scenario? Ann Emerg Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2022.08.281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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Boele FW, Butler S, Nicklin E, Pointon L, Short SC, Murray L. P08.05.B Communication in the context of glioblastoma treatment: what matters most to patients and caregivers. Neuro Oncol 2022. [PMCID: PMC9443239 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noac174.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Given the poor prognosis of glioblastoma, with short survival times regardless of treatment, it is critical that the benefits and risks of treatments are clearly discussed with patients and family caregivers. The respective value of quantity versus quality of life varies for each individual. Yet, effective communication can be complicated by emotional responses following diagnosis, patients’ neurocognitive deficits, and sometimes, lower health literacy. We aimed to investigate patient and caregiver experiences and preferences around glioblastoma treatment communication.
Material and Methods
Semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with adult glioblastoma patients and their caregivers, interviewed as dyads or individuals. Purposive sampling was used to capture views across the entire disease trajectory. Interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analysed for common themes. Analysis is ongoing and will be completed by June 2022, with preliminary findings described below.
Results
In total, 15 glioblastoma patients and 13 caregivers took part, 8 as dyads. Five main themes were found. 1) Communication experiences. A rush to get treatment underway can limit adequate communication. Patients and caregivers described that risks of treatment were clearly explained, but perceived it as ‘the only option’. 2) Communication preferences. Balanced and sensitive communication of prognostic information was desired, with uncertainty providing hope as well as being a burden. Patients and caregivers can have different information and support needs, requiring separate and proactive communication. 3) What matters most. Participants valued feeling involved, having clear and reliable information and support from the treatment team, and developing a personable relationship. In terms of treatment goals, they valued extending life with good quality of life. 4) Decision-making. Participants emphasised the importance of being involved in decisions, involving caregivers, and following treatment team advice. While faced with extremely limited treatment options, they valued having a sense of control over declining, pausing or stopping treatment. 5) Impact of Covid-19. In general, patients described limited impact of the measures taken during the pandemic (e.g., masks, telephone consultations), whilst caregivers highlighted specific issues around not being able to support patients in emergencies, expressing/reading nonverbal cues, or fully participating in telephone consultations.
Conclusion
Glioblastoma patients and caregivers value sensitive, comprehensive and comprehensible communication around treatment risks and benefits, and supportive care. Involving and supporting caregivers is critical.
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Affiliation(s)
- F W Boele
- University of Leeds , Leeds , United Kingdom
| | - S Butler
- University of Leeds , Leeds , United Kingdom
| | - E Nicklin
- University of Leeds , Leeds , United Kingdom
| | - L Pointon
- University of Leeds , Leeds , United Kingdom
| | - S C Short
- University of Leeds , Leeds , United Kingdom
| | - L Murray
- University of Leeds , Leeds , United Kingdom
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Butler S, Torrealba Y, Linke B, Flores-Mir C, Nychka J. Systematic Review of In Vitro Enamel Wear Behavior Opposing Zirconia. Dent Mater 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2021.12.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Butler S, Linke B, Moreira N, Nychka J. Zirconia Strength Degradation Post Air-Abrasion of Veneering and Cementation Surfaces. Dent Mater 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2021.12.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Passos L, Butler S, Torrealba Y, Linke B. Fracture Strength of CAD/CAM CROWNS after Enhancement of Occlusal Morphology. Dent Mater 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2021.12.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Worstell WA, Sajedi S, Blackberg L, Feng Y, Aviles MJ, Butler S, Ertley CD, Cremer T, Foley MR, Foley CJ, Hamel C, Lyashenko AV, Minot MJ, Popecki MA, Rivera TW, Stochaj ME, El Fakhri G, Sabet H. Measurement of the Parametrized Single-Photon Response Function of a Large Area Picosecond Photodetector for Time-of-Flight PET Applications. IEEE Trans Radiat Plasma Med Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1109/trpms.2021.3065890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Butler S, Koch P, Wolf R, Contento I. Factors Associated with Commitment of Registered Dietitian Nutritionists to the Dietetic Internship Preceptor Role. J Acad Nutr Diet 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2021.06.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Wyke C, Butler S. A COVID-19 necessity or the future of medical education? An evaluation of online psychiatry tutorials for medical students. Eur Psychiatry 2021. [PMCID: PMC9480153 DOI: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2021.1591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Following the national lockdown in the UK in March 2020 in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, we instigated regular online tutorials for fourth year medical students undertaking their psychiatry placement. Objectives The aims of these tutorials were threefold: to ensure that students covered a range of key psychiatry topics, to enable them to have the opportunity for interactive tutorials with experienced psychiatrists and, not least, to create a sense of continuity and connection with their tutors and peers across the mental health block. Methods Each student was allocated to a tutorial group comprising 10 – 15 medical students and a psychiatrist facilitator. These groups met weekly for 7 consecutive weeks at an agreed time for 60 – 90 minutes via an online platform and all covered the same allocated topic each week. We evaluated these groups via an online survey sent to the students following the programme. Results The students rated the tutorials on average as 4.5/5 on whether they met the defined learning outcomes. On average the students did not consider that the virtual format made a significant difference to their learning, but this disguised a wide range of views that were expressed via a comment box. Conclusions The evaluation of this project supports the use of virtual tutorials as a valuable learning tool but educators need to be aware that student views’ on these can be varied and so, long-term, a blend of virtual and face to face learning is most likely to meet the needs of all students.
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Oates A, Wilson-Jones C, Butler S. A risky business: Teaching clinical risk assessment in the midst of a global pandemic. Eur Psychiatry 2021. [PMCID: PMC9470962 DOI: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2021.1590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Assessing risk is an important core skill yet there is not a consensus as to how to teach it. Clinically, there has been a move away from using risk prediction tools in favour of clinical judgement.We describe an iterative process to develop high quality, online teaching around risk assessment for medical undergraduates. Objectives To teach the clinical skill of risk assessment to enable medical students to evaluate and manage risk when encountering patients with mental health issues. Methods A half day tutorial was designed and refined in an iterative process using feedback from participants on this session and other concurrent teaching occurring in the department. Sessions were also reviewed by external medical educators to ensure quality and learning objectives were met. Results The average rating from 62 students was 4.4/5. Students commented that the session was well organised and delivered. Following feedback, the use of actors was prioritised to simulate evolving clinical situations. Students placed a high value on this: “simulated patients were amazing! They were really interesting and I was able to practice the skills I learnt over placement”. Logistical changes e.g. more breaks, followed appreciation of the exhausting nature of the session and maintained student engagement. There was increased emphasis on promoting group interaction through functions like a ‘break-out room’. Conclusions This session may give educators confidence that they can take risks when teaching the skill of risk assessment. Students were receptive and meaningfully engaged with concepts such as clinical judgement and bio-psycho-social formulations as opposed to ‘tick box’ assessments.
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Fukutomi A, Bhamra M, Butler S, Wilson-Jones C. Everyday and everynight psychiatry - experiencing a ward cover shift through zoom. Eur Psychiatry 2021. [PMCID: PMC9480340 DOI: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2021.1589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The delivery of medical education has changed alongside the effects of COVID-19. As a result, the undergraduate psychiatry training for medical students at Guy’s King’s and St Thomas’ School of Medicine had to adapt rapidly. This poster portrays the journey in which the teaching sessions were developed and delivered throughout the first academic term of 2020-2021. Objectives To deliver an interactive online teaching day that can provide students with the knowledge and understanding of common psychiatric disorders in the interface of other medical conditions. Methods A clinical skills teaching day was developed to deliver the sessions via the online video calling platform Zoom. Published articles regarding online medical education as well as guidelines from the Royal College of Psychiatry were used as a resource to develop the structure. Feedback of the teaching day was collected via an anonymous survey. Results 78 responses were collected in total from 4 teaching days. Overall satisfaction was high with a score of 86.5/100 in overall satisfaction. Themes for positive feedback included utilising actors in simulation (38% 30/78) and high interactivity within the teaching (31% 24/78). There were a number of students who found the whole day session online tiring (13% 10/78) and others felt the variation of scenarios were too limited (12% 9/78). Conclusions As lockdown has forced students to have less patient contact, they have suffered from the lack of learning opportunities. This teaching day showed the importance of organising high fidelity scenarios in order to try and fill the void that has been created due to COVID-19.
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Gates MC, McLachlan I, Butler S, Weston JF. Experiences of employers, work colleagues, and mentors with new veterinary graduates and preferences towards new graduate support programmes. N Z Vet J 2020; 69:38-50. [DOI: 10.1080/00480169.2020.1805373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- MC Gates
- School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - I McLachlan
- Veterinary Council of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - S Butler
- Veterinary Council of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - JF Weston
- School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
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Gates MC, McLachlan I, Butler S, Weston JF. Practices, preferences, and opinions of New Zealand veterinarians towards continuing professional development. N Z Vet J 2020; 69:27-37. [PMID: 32781918 DOI: 10.1080/00480169.2020.1803156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Aims: To describe the current practices and preferences of New Zealand veterinarians towards continuing professional development (CPD), explore factors acting as perceived barriers to CPD engagement, and identify opportunities for reforming the current CPD regulations. Methods: A cross-sectional survey of all veterinarians registered with the Veterinary Council of New Zealand (VCNZ) was conducted in October 2019. Descriptive statistics were provided for all quantitative study variables and thematic analysis was performed on the free-text survey comments to identify key issues regarding the current CPD regulations in New Zealand. Results: Complete survey responses were provided by 222/3,484 (6.4%) registered veterinarians. Most respondents (153/222; 68.9%) were satisfied with the amount of CPD completed and spent a mean of $2,511 (median $2,000; min $0; max $20,000) on CPD activities each year. The most popular CPD formats were those involving collegial interaction including conference and skills training workshops. The choice of CPD activities was most commonly influenced by interest in the topics and the desire to become more competent in their work while the main barriers were difficulties fitting CPD around work and family commitments. There were 164 (73.9%) respondents who cited at least one occasion in the previous 12 months where participating in CPD caused them to modify their existing practices. Thematic analysis of the free-text comments revealed several major themes related to the administrative burden of recording CPD activities under the current regulatory framework, and the need to develop CPD plans tailored towards the unique circumstances and goals of individual veterinarians. Respondents also expressed concerns over the reliability of using CPD record audits for evaluating professional competency. Factors identified as being the most helpful for improving the current CPD framework were simplifying the CPD points categories and developing a mechanism to record and share CPD activities in real-time. Conclusions: While most respondents felt there was significant value in completing CPD, the current regulatory framework was perceived to be administratively burdensome and inflexible in allowing them to tailor CPD activities to match their unique employment situation, learning style and professional goals. Clinical relevance: Providing resources that could assist veterinarians to design and implement tailored CPD programmes may improve professional and personal outcomes. However, further research is needed to develop more effective mechanisms for identifying veterinarians who are not performing competently without placing excessive administrative burdens on those who are.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Gates
- School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - I McLachlan
- Veterinary Council of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - S Butler
- Veterinary Council of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - J F Weston
- School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
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Gates MC, McLachlan I, Butler S, Weston JF. Experiences of recent veterinary graduates in their first employment position and their preferences for new graduate support programmes. N Z Vet J 2020; 68:214-224. [DOI: 10.1080/00480169.2020.1740112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- MC Gates
- School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - I McLachlan
- Veterinary Council of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - S Butler
- Veterinary Council of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - JF Weston
- School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
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Hanson G, Butler S, Brodeur M, Richman P. 330 Guide Wire Sheath: A Novel Approach to Central Venous Manometry. Ann Emerg Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2019.08.289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Kerr D, Butler S, Thompson K, Higgs A. Complete rupture of the flexor hallucis longus tendon in an isolated closed injury. A systematic literature and qualitative analysis. Muscles Ligaments Tendons J 2019. [DOI: 10.32098/mltj.01.2019.09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D.L. Kerr
- St Vincent’s Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - S. Butler
- Sydney Hand and Eye Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - A. Higgs
- St Vincent’s Hospital, Sydney, Australia
- University of Notre Dame, Sydney, Australia
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Tan SY, Turner J, Kerin-Ayres K, Butler S, Deguchi C, Khatri S, Mo C, Warby A, Cunningham I, Malalasekera A, Dhillon HM, Vardy JL. Health concerns of cancer survivors after primary anti-cancer treatment. Support Care Cancer 2019; 27:3739-3747. [PMID: 30710242 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-019-04664-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cancer survivors experience significant health concerns compared to the general population. Sydney Survivorship Clinic (SSC) is a multi-disciplinary clinic aiming to help survivors treated with curative intent manage side effects, and establish a healthy lifestyle. Here, we determine the health concerns of survivors post-primary treatment. METHODS Survivors completed questionnaires assessing symptoms, quality of life (QOL), distress, diet, and exercise before attending SSC, and a satisfaction survey after. Body mass index (BMI), clinical findings and recommendations were reviewed. Descriptive statistical methods were used. RESULTS Overall, 410 new patients attended SSC between September 2013 and April 2018, with 385 survivors included in analysis: median age 57 years (range 18-86); 69% female; 43% breast, 31% colorectal and 19% haematological cancers. Median time from diagnosis, 12 months. Common symptoms of at least moderate severity: fatigue (45%), insomnia (37%), pain (34%), anxiety (31%) and with 56% having > 5 moderate-severe symptoms. Overall, 45% scored distress ≥ 4/10 and 62% were rated by clinical psychologist as having 'fear of cancer recurrence'. Compared to population mean of 50, mean global QOL T-score was 47.2, with physical and emotional well-being domains most affected. Average BMI was 28.2 kg/m2 (range 17.0-59.1); 61% overweight/obese. Only 31% met aerobic exercise guidelines. Overall, 98% 'agreed'/'completely agreed' attending the SSC was worthwhile, and 99% would recommend it to others. CONCLUSION Distress, fear of cancer recurrence, fatigue, obesity and sedentary lifestyle are common in cancer survivors attending SSC and may best be addressed in a multi-disciplinary Survivorship Clinic to minimise longer-term effects. This model is well-rated by survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Tan
- Concord Cancer Centre, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Hospital Rd, Concord, NSW, 2137, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - J Turner
- Concord Cancer Centre, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Hospital Rd, Concord, NSW, 2137, Australia.,Centre for Medical Psychology and Evidence-Based Decision-making, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - K Kerin-Ayres
- Concord Cancer Centre, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Hospital Rd, Concord, NSW, 2137, Australia
| | - S Butler
- Concord Cancer Centre, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Hospital Rd, Concord, NSW, 2137, Australia
| | - C Deguchi
- Concord Cancer Centre, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Hospital Rd, Concord, NSW, 2137, Australia
| | - S Khatri
- Concord Cancer Centre, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Hospital Rd, Concord, NSW, 2137, Australia
| | - C Mo
- Centre for Medical Psychology and Evidence-Based Decision-making, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - A Warby
- Centre for Medical Psychology and Evidence-Based Decision-making, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - I Cunningham
- Concord Cancer Centre, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Hospital Rd, Concord, NSW, 2137, Australia
| | - A Malalasekera
- Concord Cancer Centre, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Hospital Rd, Concord, NSW, 2137, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - H M Dhillon
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Janette L Vardy
- Concord Cancer Centre, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Hospital Rd, Concord, NSW, 2137, Australia. .,Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia. .,Centre for Medical Psychology and Evidence-Based Decision-making, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
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Friedman J, Butler S, Milad M. Laparoscopic Ovarian Transposition- A Review of Indications, Techniques and a Successful Case Report. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2018.09.415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Butler S. OLDER LESBIANS RECEIVING HOME CARE: FORMAL AND INFORMAL DIMENSIONS OF CAREGIVING. Innov Aging 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igy023.1313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Friedman J, Butler S, Milad M. Laparoscopic ovarian transposition- a review of indications, techniques and expected outcomes, highlighted by a successful case report. Fertil Steril 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2018.07.1139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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B, Burroughs C, Cuthbertson D, Deemer M, Eberhard C, Fiske S, Ford J, Garmeson J, Guillette H, Browning G, Coughenour T, Sulk M, Tsalikan E, Tansey M, Cabbage J, Dixit N, Pasha S, King M, Adcock K, Geyer S, Atterberry H, Fox L, Englert K, Mauras N, Permuy J, Sikes K, Berhe T, Guendling B, McLennan L, Paganessi L, Hays B, Murphy C, Draznin M, Kamboj M, Sheppard S, Lewis V, Coates L, Moore W, Babar G, Bedard J, Brenson-Hughes D, Henderson C, Cernich J, Clements M, Duprau R, Goodman S, Hester L, Huerta-Saenz L, Karmazin A, Letjen T, Raman S, Morin D, Henry M, Bestermann W, Morawski E, White J, Brockmyer A, Bays R, Campbell S, Stapleton A, Stone N, Donoho A, Everett H, Heyman K, Hensley H, Johnson M, Marshall C, Skirvin N, Taylor P, Williams R, Ray L, Wolverton C, Nickels D, Dothard C, Hsiao B, Speiser P, Pellizzari M, Bokor L, Izuora K, Abdelnour S, Cummings P, Paynor S, Leahy M, Riedl M, Shockley S, Karges C, Saad R, Briones T, Casella S, Herz C, Walsh K, Greening J, Hay F, Hunt S, Sikotra N, Simons L, Keaton N, Karounos D, Oremus R, Dye L, Myers L, Ballard D, Miers W, Sparks R, Thraikill K, Edwards K, Fowlkes J, Kinderman A, Kemp S, Morales A, Holland L, Johnson L, Paul P, Ghatak A, Phelen K, Leyland H, Henderson T, Brenner D, Law P, Oppenheimer E, Mamkin I, Moniz C, Clarson C, Lovell M, Peters A, Ruelas V, Borut D, Burt D, Jordan M, Leinbach A, Castilla S, Flores P, Ruiz M, Hanson L, Green-Blair J, Sheridan R, Wintergerst K, Pierce G, Omoruyi A, Foster M, Linton C, Kingery S, Lunsford A, Cervantes I, Parker T, Price P, Urben J, Doughty I, Haydock H, Parker V, Bergman P, Liu S, Duncum S, Rodda C, Thomas A, Ferry R, McCommon D, Cockroft J, Perelman A, Calendo R, Barrera C, Arce-Nunez E, Lloyd J, Martinez Y, De la Portilla M, Cardenas I, Garrido L, Villar M, Lorini R, Calandra E, D’Annuzio G, Perri K, Minuto N, Malloy J, Rebora C, Callegari R, Ali O, Kramer J, Auble B, Cabrera S, Donohoue P, Fiallo-Scharer R, Hessner M, Wolfgram P, Maddox K, Kansra A, Bettin N, McCuller R, Miller A, Accacha S, Corrigan J, Fiore E, Levine R, Mahoney T, Polychronakos C, Martin J, Gagne V, Starkman H, Fox M, Chin D, Melchionne F, Silverman L, Marshall I, Cerracchio L, Cruz J, Viswanathan A, Miller J, Wilson J, Chalew S, Valley S, Layburn S, Lala A, Clesi P, Genet M, Uwaifo G, Charron A, Allerton T, Milliot E, Cefalu W, Melendez-Ramirez L, Richards R, Alleyn C, Gustafson E, Lizanna M, Wahlen J, Aleiwe S, Hansen M, Wahlen H, Moore M, Levy C, Bonaccorso A, Rapaport R, Tomer Y, Chia D, Goldis M, Iazzetti L, Klein M, Levister C, Waldman L, Muller S, Wallach E, Regelmann M, Antal Z, Aranda M, Reynholds C, Leech N, Wake D, Owens C, Burns M, Wotherspoon J, Nguyen T, Murray A, Short K, Curry G, Kelsey S, Lawson J, Porter J, Stevens S, Thomson E, Winship S, Wynn L, O’Donnell R, Wiltshire E, Krebs J, Cresswell P, Faherty H, Ross C, Vinik A, Barlow P, Bourcier M, Nevoret M, Couper J, Oduah V, Beresford S, Thalagne N, Roper H, Gibbons J, Hill J, Balleaut S, Brennan C, Ellis-Gage J, Fear L, Gray T, Pilger J, Jones L, McNerney C, Pointer L, Price N, Few K, Tomlinson D, Denvir L, Drew J, Randell T, Mansell P, Roberts A, Bell S, Butler S, Hooton Y, Navarra H, Roper A, Babington G, Crate L, Cripps H, Ledlie A, Moulds C, Sadler K, Norton R, Petrova B, Silkstone O, Smith C, Ghai K, Murray M, Viswanathan V, Henegan M, Kawadry O, Olson J, Stavros T, Patterson L, Ahmad T, Flores B, Domek D, Domek S, Copeland K, George M, Less J, Davis T, Short M, Tamura R, Dwarakanathan A, O’Donnell P, Boerner B, Larson L, Phillips M, Rendell M, Larson K, Smith C, Zebrowski K, Kuechenmeister L, Wood K, Thevarayapillai M, Daniels M, Speer H, Forghani N, Quintana R, Reh C, Bhangoo A, Desrosiers P, Ireland L, Misla T, Xu P, Torres C, Wells S, Villar J, Yu M, Berry D, Cook D, Soder J, Powell A, Ng M, Morrison M, Young K, Haslam Z, Lawson M, Bradley B, Courtney J, Richardson C, Watson C, Keely E, DeCurtis D, Vaccarcello-Cruz M, Torres Z, Alies P, Sandberg K, Hsiang H, Joy B, McCormick D, Powell A, Jones H, Bell J, Hargadon S, Hudson S, Kummer M, Badias F, Sauder S, Sutton E, Gensel K, Aguirre-Castaneda R, Benavides Lopez V, Hemp D, Allen S, Stear J, Davis E, Jones T, Baker A, Roberts A, Dart J, Paramalingam N, Levitt Katz L, Chaudhary N, Murphy K, Willi S, Schwartzman B, Kapadia C, Larson D, Bassi M, McClellan D, Shaibai G, Kelley L, Villa G, Kelley C, Diamond R, Kabbani M, Dajani T, Hoekstra F, Magorno M, Beam C, Holst J, Chauhan V, Wilson N, Bononi P, Sperl M, Millward A, Eaton M, Dean L, Olshan J, Renna H, Boulware D, Milliard C, Snyder D, Beaman S, Burch K, Chester J, Ahmann A, Wollam B, DeFrang D, Fitch R, Jahnke K, Bounmananh L, Hanavan K, Klopfenstein B, Nicol L, Bergstrom R, Noland T, Brodksy J, Bacon L, Quintos J, Topor L, Bialo S, Bream S, Bancroft B, Soto A, Lagarde W, Lockemer H, Vanderploeg T, Ibrahim M, Huie M, Sanchez V, Edelen R, Marchiando R, Freeman D, Palmer J, Repas T, Wasson M, Auker P, Culbertson J, Kieffer T, Voorhees D, Borgwardt T, DeRaad L, Eckert K, Gough J, Isaacson E, Kuhn H, Carroll A, Schubert M, Francis G, Hagan S, Le T, Penn M, Wickham E, Leyva C, Ginem J, Rivera K, Padilla J, Rodriguez I, Jospe N, Czyzyk J, Johnson B, Nadgir U, Marlen N, Prakasam G, Rieger C, Granger M, Glaser N, Heiser E, Harris B, Foster C, Slater H, Wheeler K, Donaldson D, Murray M, Hale D, Tragus R, Holloway M, Word D, Lynch J, Pankratz L, Rogers W, Newfield R, Holland S, Hashiguchi M, Gottschalk M, Philis-Tsimikas A, Rosal R, Kieffer M, Franklin S, Guardado S, Bohannon N, Garcia M, Aguinaldo T, Phan J, Barraza V, Cohen D, Pinsker J, Khan U, Lane P, Wiley J, Jovanovic L, Misra P, Wright M, Cohen D, Huang K, Skiles M, Maxcy S, Pihoker C, Cochrane K, Nallamshetty L, Fosse J, Kearns S, Klingsheim M, Wright N, Viles L, Smith H, Heller S, Cunningham M, Daniels A, Zeiden L, Parrimon Y, Field J, Walker R, Griffin K, Bartholow L, Erickson C, Howard J, Krabbenhoft B, Sandman C, Vanveldhuizen A, Wurlger J, Paulus K, Zimmerman A, Hanisch K, Davis-Keppen L, Cotterill A, Kirby J, Harris M, Schmidt A, Kishiyama C, Flores C, Milton J, Ramiro J, Martin W, Whysham C, Yerka A, Freels T, Hassing J, Webster J, Green R, Carter P, Galloway J, Hoelzer D, Ritzie AQL, Roberts S, Said S, Sullivan P, Allen H, Reiter E, Feinberg E, Johnson C, Newhook L, Hagerty D, White N, Sharma A, Levandoski L, Kyllo J, Johnson M, Benoit C, Iyer P, Diamond F, Hosono H, Jackman S, Barette L, Jones P, Shor A, Sills I, Bzdick S, Bulger J, Weinstock R, Douek I, Andrews R, Modgill G, Gyorffy G, Robin L, Vaidya N, Song X, Crouch S, O’Brien K, Thompson C, Thorne N, Blumer J, Kalic J, Klepek L, Paulett J, Rosolowski B, Horner J, Terry A, Watkins M, Casey J, Carpenter K, Burns C, Horton J, Pritchard C, Soetaert D, Wynne A, Kaiserman K, Halvorson M, Weinberger J, Chin C, Molina O, Patel C, Senguttuvan R, Wheeler M, Furet O, Steuhm C, Jelley D, Goudeau S, Chalmers L, Wootten M, Greer D, Panagiotopoulos C, Metzger D, Nguyen D, Horowitz M, Christiansen M, Glades E, 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Shridharani R, Rusk B, Tessman E, Huffman D, Abrams H, Biederman B, Jones M, Leathers V, Brickman W, Petrie P, Zimmerman D, Howard J, Miller L, Alemzadeh R, Mihailescu D, Melgozza-Walker R, Abdulla N, Boucher-Berry C, Ize-Ludlow D, Levy R, Swenson Brousell C, Scott R, Heenan H, Lunt H, Kendall D, Willis J, Darlow B, Crimmins N, Edler D, Weis T, Schultz C, Rogers D, Latham D, Mawhorter C, Switzer C, Spencer W, Konstantnopoulus P, Broder S, Klein J, Bachrach B, Gardner M, Eichelberger D, Knight L, Szadek L, Welnick G, Thompson B, Hoffman R, Revell A, Cherko J, Carter K, Gilson E, Haines J, Arthur G, Bowen B, Zipf W, Graves P, Lozano R, Seiple D, Spicer K, Chang A, Fregosi J, Harbinson J, Paulson C, Stalters S, Wright P, Zlock D, Freeth A, Victory J, Maheshwari H, Maheshwari A, Holmstrom T, Bueno J, Arguello R, Ahern J, Noreika L, Watson V, Hourse S, Breyer P, Kissel C, Nicholson Y, Pfeifer M, Almazan S, Bajaj J, Quinn M, Funk K, McCance J, Moreno E, Veintimilla R, Wells A, Cook J, Trunnel S, Transue D, Surhigh J, Bezzaire D, Moltz K, Zacharski E, Henske J, Desai S, Frizelis K, Khan F, Sjoberg R, Allen K, Manning P, Hendry G, Taylor B, Jones S, Couch R, Danchak R, Lieberman D, Strader W, Bencomo M, Bailey T, Bedolla L, Roldan C, Moudiotis C, Vaidya B, Anning C, Bunce S, Estcourt S, Folland E, Gordon E, Harrill C, Ireland J, Piper J, Scaife L, Sutton K, Wilkins S, Costelloe M, Palmer J, Casas L, Miller C, Burgard M, Erickson C, Hallanger-Johnson J, Clark P, Taylor W, Galgani J, Banerjee S, Banda C, McEowen D, Kinman R, Lafferty A, Gillett S, Nolan C, Pathak M, Sondrol L, Hjelle T, Hafner S, Kotrba J, Hendrickson R, Cemeroglu A, Symington T, Daniel M, Appiagyei-Dankah Y, Postellon D, Racine M, Kleis L, Barnes K, Godwin S, McCullough H, Shaheen K, Buck G, Noel L, Warren M, Weber S, Parker S, Gillespie I, Nelson B, Frost C, Amrhein J, Moreland E, Hayes A, Peggram J, Aisenberg J, Riordan M, Zasa J, Cummings E, Scott K, Pinto T, Mokashi A, McAssey K, Helden E, Hammond P, Dinning L, Rahman S, Ray S, Dimicri C, Guppy S, Nielsen H, Vogel C, Ariza C, Morales L, Chang Y, Gabbay R, Ambrocio L, Manley L, Nemery R, Charlton W, Smith P, Kerr L, Steindel-Kopp B, Alamaguer M, Tabisola-Nuesca E, Pendersen A, Larson N, Cooper-Olviver H, Chan D, Fitz-Patrick D, Carreira T, Park Y, Ruhaak R, Liljenquist D. A Type 1 Diabetes Genetic Risk Score Predicts Progression of Islet Autoimmunity and Development of Type 1 Diabetes in Individuals at Risk. Diabetes Care 2018; 41:1887-1894. [PMID: 30002199 PMCID: PMC6105323 DOI: 10.2337/dc18-0087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We tested the ability of a type 1 diabetes (T1D) genetic risk score (GRS) to predict progression of islet autoimmunity and T1D in at-risk individuals. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We studied the 1,244 TrialNet Pathway to Prevention study participants (T1D patients' relatives without diabetes and with one or more positive autoantibodies) who were genotyped with Illumina ImmunoChip (median [range] age at initial autoantibody determination 11.1 years [1.2-51.8], 48% male, 80.5% non-Hispanic white, median follow-up 5.4 years). Of 291 participants with a single positive autoantibody at screening, 157 converted to multiple autoantibody positivity and 55 developed diabetes. Of 953 participants with multiple positive autoantibodies at screening, 419 developed diabetes. We calculated the T1D GRS from 30 T1D-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms. We used multivariable Cox regression models, time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curves, and area under the curve (AUC) measures to evaluate prognostic utility of T1D GRS, age, sex, Diabetes Prevention Trial-Type 1 (DPT-1) Risk Score, positive autoantibody number or type, HLA DR3/DR4-DQ8 status, and race/ethnicity. We used recursive partitioning analyses to identify cut points in continuous variables. RESULTS Higher T1D GRS significantly increased the rate of progression to T1D adjusting for DPT-1 Risk Score, age, number of positive autoantibodies, sex, and ethnicity (hazard ratio [HR] 1.29 for a 0.05 increase, 95% CI 1.06-1.6; P = 0.011). Progression to T1D was best predicted by a combined model with GRS, number of positive autoantibodies, DPT-1 Risk Score, and age (7-year time-integrated AUC = 0.79, 5-year AUC = 0.73). Higher GRS was significantly associated with increased progression rate from single to multiple positive autoantibodies after adjusting for age, autoantibody type, ethnicity, and sex (HR 2.27 for GRS >0.295, 95% CI 1.47-3.51; P = 0.0002). CONCLUSIONS The T1D GRS independently predicts progression to T1D and improves prediction along T1D stages in autoantibody-positive relatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria J. Redondo
- Texas Children’s Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | | | - Andrea K. Steck
- Barbara Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
| | - Seth Sharp
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter, Exeter, U.K
| | - John M. Wentworth
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research and Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael N. Weedon
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter, Exeter, U.K
| | | | | | | | | | - Richard A. Oram
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter, Exeter, U.K
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Kuehner G, Darbinian JA, Butler S, Chang S, Fehrenbacher L, Chen R, Habel LA, Axelsson K. Abstract P5-22-07: Upgrade to high risk lesions, in situ and invasive cancer among women with benign papillary lesions diagnosed on image-guided core needle biopsy (IGCNB). Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs17-p5-22-07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Currently there is no consensus regarding the management of benign papillary breast lesions diagnosed on IGCNB. Recommendations vary as to whether all IGCNB papillary lesions require surgical excision or if IGCNB alone is adequate to confirm a benign diagnosis and patients can be followed with imaging.
Aims: To estimate percentage of patients with benign papilloma on IGNB who on surgical excision are upgraded to high risk lesion, in situ or invasive cancer and to identify patient, imaging, and/or pathologic features that are predictive of upgrade.
Methods: We conducted a study of 407 patients within Kaiser Permanente Northern California (KPNC) diagnosed with benign papillary breast lesions on IGCNB in 2012 and 2013. KPNC is a large integrated health care delivery system, racially and ethnically diverse, and representative of the underlying population. Patients were excluded from study if they were < 18 years, had atypia on IGCNB, had a prior history of breast cancer or high risk lesion, had a hereditary risk for developing breast cancer, or were noted to have papillomatosis or an incidental papilloma, or the target lesion was calcifications. Patients who did not have surgical excision of the IGCNB papilloma were followed for at least 2 years. Outcomes included in situ/invasive cancer and high risk lesions (atypical ductal or lobular hyperplasia, lobular carcinoma in-situ or papilloma with atypia). Outcomes were evaluated by review of medical records, including radiology, pathology, and surgical reports. The KPNC cancer registry and record review was used to exclude patients with a history of cancer.
Results: Among patients with benign papillary lesions, the average age was 56.4 years (range 20-93). Approximately 60% of lesions were 1 cm or less and 50% were centrally located (within 2 cm of nipple). There were 327 patients (80%) with surgical excision within 10 months of IGCNB, 61 patients (15%) with no surgical excision but follow-up imaging, and 19 patients (5%) with no surgery or follow-up imaging. Patients with and without surgical excision generally had similar age, breast density, and lesion location. However, surgical excision was more common among women with larger lesions. Among women with surgical excision, 9.5% (95% CI 6.3-12.7%) had a high risk lesion, 3.4% (95% CI 1.4-5.3-%) had an in situ lesion and 2.4% (95% CI 0.8-4.1%) had invasive cancer (all node negative). Less than 3% of women under 50 years, presenting with nipple discharge or with lesions less than 1 cm had invasive cancer on surgical excision. In contrast, over 10% of women with lesions greater than 1 cm, a palpable mass, or with lesions 5 or more cm from the nipple had invasive cancer on surgical excision. There were no cancers diagnosed among the 61 women followed by imaging; although 1 woman was upgraded to a high risk lesion.
Conclusions: In this large cohort of patients with benign papillary lesions on IGCNB, less than 3% had an invasive cancer on surgical excision. Upgrade was most common among patients with larger lesions, a palpable mass or lesions distant from the nipple and least common among women less than 50 years, with small lesions or presenting with nipple discharge.
Citation Format: Kuehner G, Darbinian JA, Butler S, Chang S, Fehrenbacher L, Chen R, Habel LA, Axelsson K. Upgrade to high risk lesions, in situ and invasive cancer among women with benign papillary lesions diagnosed on image-guided core needle biopsy (IGCNB) [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2017 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2017 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-22-07.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Kuehner
- The Premanente Medical Group, Vallejo, CA; Kaiser Permanente Division of Research, Oakland, CA; The Permanent Medical Group, South San Francisco, CA; The Permanente Medical Group, Fremont, CA; The Permanente Medical Group, Oakland, CA
| | - JA Darbinian
- The Premanente Medical Group, Vallejo, CA; Kaiser Permanente Division of Research, Oakland, CA; The Permanent Medical Group, South San Francisco, CA; The Permanente Medical Group, Fremont, CA; The Permanente Medical Group, Oakland, CA
| | - S Butler
- The Premanente Medical Group, Vallejo, CA; Kaiser Permanente Division of Research, Oakland, CA; The Permanent Medical Group, South San Francisco, CA; The Permanente Medical Group, Fremont, CA; The Permanente Medical Group, Oakland, CA
| | - S Chang
- The Premanente Medical Group, Vallejo, CA; Kaiser Permanente Division of Research, Oakland, CA; The Permanent Medical Group, South San Francisco, CA; The Permanente Medical Group, Fremont, CA; The Permanente Medical Group, Oakland, CA
| | - L Fehrenbacher
- The Premanente Medical Group, Vallejo, CA; Kaiser Permanente Division of Research, Oakland, CA; The Permanent Medical Group, South San Francisco, CA; The Permanente Medical Group, Fremont, CA; The Permanente Medical Group, Oakland, CA
| | - R Chen
- The Premanente Medical Group, Vallejo, CA; Kaiser Permanente Division of Research, Oakland, CA; The Permanent Medical Group, South San Francisco, CA; The Permanente Medical Group, Fremont, CA; The Permanente Medical Group, Oakland, CA
| | - LA Habel
- The Premanente Medical Group, Vallejo, CA; Kaiser Permanente Division of Research, Oakland, CA; The Permanent Medical Group, South San Francisco, CA; The Permanente Medical Group, Fremont, CA; The Permanente Medical Group, Oakland, CA
| | - K Axelsson
- The Premanente Medical Group, Vallejo, CA; Kaiser Permanente Division of Research, Oakland, CA; The Permanent Medical Group, South San Francisco, CA; The Permanente Medical Group, Fremont, CA; The Permanente Medical Group, Oakland, CA
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Butler S, Linke B, Nychka J. Strength behavior of veneered zirconia after different surface treatments. Dent Mater 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2018.08.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Prabhu N, Osifodunrin N, Murphy D, Butler S, Hunter LE. Innovative Strategies for the Management of a Massive Neonatal Rhabdomyoma. J Pediatr Intensive Care 2017; 7:90-93. [PMID: 31073477 DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1606574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 09/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhabdomyomas are histologically benign tumors known to be associated with tuberous sclerosis. The natural history predicts the majority of tumors to be asymptomatic and regress within the first year of life. We describe a neonate presenting on day 1 of life with cardiovascular collapse secondary to a massive rhabdomyoma. Surgical resection was excluded due to the extensive nature of the lesion and oral sirolimus, a mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor, was commenced to promote tumor regression. The patient developed intractable arrhythmias requiring extracorporeal life support during therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Prabhu
- Department of Paediatric Cardiology, Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - N Osifodunrin
- Department of Paediatric Oncology, Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - D Murphy
- Department of Paediatric Oncology, Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - S Butler
- Department of Paediatric Radiology, Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - L E Hunter
- Department of Paediatric Cardiology, Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow, United Kingdom
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Abstract
IntroductionOut of hours, there is only one on-site junior doctor. First year psychiatry trainees (CT1s) and GP trainees may have no prior experience in psychiatry. On-call shifts are therefore potentially daunting for new trainees.ObjectivesExpand the resources available for trainees when on-call.MethodsWe issued questionnaires to CT1s asking if they would have appreciated more information about on-call scenarios and in what format.Based on the questionnaire results we implemented some changes. These were:– a printed “pocket-guide” summarising common on-call scenarios;– a training video on common on-call scenarios.The handout was given to new trainees in February 2016 and in August 2016. The video was shown to new trainees in August 2016. Trainees provided feedback on the resources.ResultsOf 24 CT1s, 15 (63%) were “neutral” or “disagreed” that they had felt prepared for on-calls.CT1s wanted additional resources, especially a paper handout or phone download.Feedback on the “pocket-guide” from trainees in February 2016 (n = 8) was positive (62.5% reported increased confidence in on-call situations). Feedback is also being collected from trainees who received the guide in August 2016.Trainees in August 2016 (n = 36) liked the video – no trainees “disagreed” with statements asking if the video had been useful.The video improved the confidence of trainees about on-call situations by an average of 2.8 points.ConclusionsWe have expanded available resources relating to on-calls and improved confidence. Further improvements would include making resources more easily available in downloadable formats.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
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Gobikrushanth M, Dutra PA, Felton CA, Ruiz-Sanchez A, Bruinjé TC, Colazo MG, Butler S, Ambrose DJ. 1057 The association between Anti-Mullerian Hormone concentrations, antral follicle count and fertility measures in dairy cows. J Anim Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.2527/jam2016-1057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Gobikrushanth M, Dutra PA, Felton CA, Bruinjé TC, Colazo MG, Butler S, Ambrose DJ. 1063 The characterization of estradiol concentration before insemination and its effect on fertility in dairy cattle. J Anim Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.2527/jam2016-1063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Leane S, Lonergan P, Kenneally J, Butler S. 1101 The effect of stocking rate and cow breed on resumption of cyclicity, blood indicators of energy status, uterine health and reproductive parameters in pasture-based dairy systems. J Anim Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.2527/jam2016-1101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Herlihy MM, Rojas E, Kenneally J, Lonergan P, Butler S. 1155 Body condition score and body condition score change: Associations with fertility phenotypes in lactating dairy cows. J Anim Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.2527/jam2016-1155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Gobikrushanth M, Dutra PA, Felton CA, Ruiz-Sanchez A, Bruinjé TC, Colazo MG, Butler S, Ambrose DJ. 1139 The repeatability of antral follicle count and anti-Müllerian hormone concentration at two different postpartum stages in dairy cattle. J Anim Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.2527/jam2016-1139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Leane S, Herlihy MM, Forde N, Lucy MC, Lonergan P, Butler S. 1049 The effect of exogenous glucose infusion on early embryonic development in lactating dairy cows. J Anim Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.2527/jam2016-1049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Gobikrushanth M, Dutra PA, Felton CA, Bruinjé TC, Colazo MG, Butler S, Ambrose DJ. 0468 The repeatability of gonadotropin releasing hormone-induced release of luteinizing hormone and its association with fertility in dairy cattle. J Anim Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.2527/jam2016-0468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Randi F, Sanchez JM, Herlihy MM, Kenny DA, Valenza A, Butler S, Lonergan P. 1118 Effect of a progesterone-based estrous synchronization program for timed AI (TAI) on reproductive performance in a seasonal pasture-based dairy production system. J Anim Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.2527/jam2016-1118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Curran F, Kennedy E, Lewis E, Lonergan P, Butler S. 1102 Implications of acute or chronic pasture restriction on indicators of metabolic status in grass-based dairy cows. J Anim Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.2527/jam2016-1102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Curran F, Wall D, Lonergan P, Butler S. 0615 Survey of temporal variation in pasture mineral concentrations and total dietary mineral intake in pasture-based dairy herds. J Anim Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.2527/jam2016-0615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Purfield DC, MacLeod IM, Hayes BJ, Butler S, Moore SG, Moran B, Kearney F, Berry DP. P5029 The use of Bayesian methods, biological priors and sequence variants to identify genomic regions associated with dairy cow fertility. J Anim Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.2527/jas2016.94supplement4129a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Penault-Llorca F, Filleron T, Asselain B, Baehner F, Fumoleau P, Lacroix-Triki M, Butler S, Jamshidian F, Cherbavaz D, Roca L, Sagan C, Lemonnier J, Martin A, Roche H. Prediction of Recurrence with the Recurrence Score in Pre- and Post-Menopausal Patients from the Pacs01 Trial. Ann Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdu326.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Mamounas T, Wolmark N, Baehner F, Butler S, Tang G, Jamshidian F, Sing A, Shak S, Paik S. Recurrence Score and Quantitative Er Expression Predicts Late Distant Recurrence Risk in Er+ Bc After Five Years of Tamoxifen. Ann Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdu326.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Long CJ, Butler S, Fesi J, Frank C, Canning DA, Zderic SA. Genetic or pharmacologic disruption of the calcineurin-nuclear factor of activated T-cells axis prevents social stress-induced voiding dysfunction in a murine model. J Pediatr Urol 2014; 10:598-604. [PMID: 24909609 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2014.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2013] [Accepted: 04/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Social stress can suppress the voiding reflex, with resultant diminished voiding frequency and increased volumes. The calcineurin-NFAT (nuclear factor of activated T cells) pathway is important in memory development. It was hypothesized that interruption of the calcineurin-NFAT pathway might prevent social stress-induced voiding dysfunction. METHODS Mice were subjected to social stress in an established resident-intruder model for 1 h, followed by 23 h of barrier separation. NFATc3, NFATc4 knockout (KO) and wild-type (WT) mice were studied. At two weeks, voiding patterns were collected; this was followed by sacrifice. Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) mRNA expression in Barrington's nucleus (BN) was determined by in-situ hybridization. RESULTS Social stress decreased voiding frequency and increased voided volumes in WT strains. At baseline, NFATc3 KO mice showed decreased voids and increased volumes, while the NFATc4 KO mice resisted social stress. However, CRF mRNA increased in WT mice following social stress and was increased at baseline in NFATc3 KO mice. It was found that CRF mRNA did not increase following social stress in NFATc4 KO mice. The administration of CsA to WT mice normalized voiding patterns following social stress, albeit with no effect on CRF mRNA in BN. CONCLUSION Disrupting the calcineurin-NFAT axis by either genetic or pharmacologic approaches confers resistance to the development of social stress-induced voiding and dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Long
- John W. Duckett Center for Pediatric Urology at The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, USA; The Perelman School of Medicine at The University of Pennsylvania, USA.
| | - S Butler
- John W. Duckett Center for Pediatric Urology at The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, USA; The Perelman School of Medicine at The University of Pennsylvania, USA.
| | - J Fesi
- John W. Duckett Center for Pediatric Urology at The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, USA; The Perelman School of Medicine at The University of Pennsylvania, USA.
| | - C Frank
- John W. Duckett Center for Pediatric Urology at The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, USA; The Perelman School of Medicine at The University of Pennsylvania, USA.
| | - D A Canning
- John W. Duckett Center for Pediatric Urology at The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, USA; The Perelman School of Medicine at The University of Pennsylvania, USA.
| | - S A Zderic
- John W. Duckett Center for Pediatric Urology at The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, USA.
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Quesada-Ocampo LM, Butler S, Withers S, Ivors K. First Report of Fusarium Rot of Garlic Bulbs Caused by Fusarium proliferatum in North Carolina. Plant Dis 2014; 98:1009. [PMID: 30708904 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-01-14-0040-pdn] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In August of 2013, garlic bulbs (Allium sativum) of the variety Chesnok Red grown and stored under dry conditions by a commercial producer in Buncombe County showed water-soaked, tan to salmon-pink lesions. Lesions on cloves became soft over time, slightly sunken, and had mycelium near the center of the bulb, which is characteristic of Fusarium rots on garlic (1,2). Approximately 10 to 20% of the bulbs inspected in the drying storage room were affected. Surface-sterilized tissue was excised from the margin of lesions on eight bulbs, plated onto acid potato dextrose agar (APDA), and incubated in the dark at room temperature (21°C). White to light pink colonies with abundant aerial mycelium and a purple pigment were obtained from all samples after 2 to 3 days of incubation. Inspection of colony morphology and reproductive structures under a microscope revealed that isolate characteristics were consistent with Fusarium proliferatum (Matsushima) Nirenberg. Microscopic morphological characteristics of the isolate included hyaline, septate hyphae; slender, slightly curved macroconidia with three to five septae produced in sporodochia; curved apical cell; and club-shaped, aseptate microconidia (measuring 3.3 to 8.3 × 1.1 to 1.3 μm) produced in chains by mono and polyphyalides. To further define the identity of the isolate, the beta-tubulin (Btub), elongation factor 1a (EF1a), and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions were amplified and sequenced (3). The resulting sequences were compared against the GenBank nucleotide database by using a BLAST alignment, which revealed that the isolate had 100% identity with F. proliferatum for the Btub, EF1a, and ITS regions (GenBank Accession Nos. AF291055.1, JX118976.1, and HF930594.1, respectively). Sequences for the isolate were deposited in GenBank under accessions KJ128963, KJ128964, and KJ128965. While there have been other reports of F. proliferatum causing bulb rot of garlic in the United States (1), to our knowledge, this is the first report in North Carolina. The finding is significant since F. proliferatum can produce a broad range of mycotoxins, including fumonisins, when infecting its host, which is a concern for food safety in Allium crops. References: (1) F. M. Dugan et al. Plant Pathol. 52:426, 2003. (2) L. J. du Toit and F. M. Dugan. Page 15 in: Compendium of Onion and Garlic Diseases and Pests. H. F. Schwartz and S. K. Mohan, eds. The American Phytopathological Society, St. Paul, MN, 2008. (3) T. J. White et al. Page 315 in: PCR Protocols: A Guide to Methods and Applications. M. A. Innis et al., eds. Academic Press, San Diego, CA, 1990.
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Affiliation(s)
- L M Quesada-Ocampo
- Department of Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh 27695
| | - S Butler
- Department of Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh 27695
| | - S Withers
- Department of Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh 27695
| | - K Ivors
- Department of Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh 27695
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Puschmann E, Selden C, Butler S, Fuller B. Liquidus tracking: controlled rate vitrification for the cryopreservation of larger volumes and tissues. Cryo Letters 2014; 35:345-355. [PMID: 25282503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitrification of cells or tissue at controlled cooling rates suitable for larger volumes, and with reduced cryoprotectant toxicity. OBJECTIVE To set out the current understanding of the LiquidusTracking (LT) vitrification technique, and to discuss the challenges and benefits of translating the method into laboratory protocols more generally applicable to meet requirements of large volume and 3-D cryo-banking in the era of regenerative medicine. METHODS By adding small amounts of cryoprotectants at each step and subsequently cooling the sample just above its freezing point before further increasing CPA concentration, cryoprotectant toxicity is minimized. RESULT CPA toxicity can be reduced by lowering the temperature. Different manual approaches to LT were evaluated and further improved. CONCLUSIONS Manual liquidus tracking is complicated and exhibits potential high variability. Nevertheless, this approach offers the possibility of testing several conditions simultaneously and could be used to pre-test conditions prior to automatic LT development.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Puschmann
- UCL, Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, Royal Free Campus, London, UK.
| | - C Selden
- UCL, Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, Royal Free Campus, London, UK
| | - S Butler
- Planer PLC,110 Windmill Road, Sunbury-on-Thames, UK
| | - B Fuller
- UCL, Department of Surgery, Royal Free Campus, London, U.K
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Sestak I, Dowsett M, Ferree S, Baehner F, Cowens J, Butler S, Cuzick J. Analysis of Molecular Scores for the Prediction of Distant Recurrence According to Body Mass Index and Age at Baseline. Ann Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdu066.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Xie J, Butler S, Sanchez G, Mateos M. Male killing Spiroplasma protects Drosophila melanogaster against two parasitoid wasps. Heredity (Edinb) 2013; 112:399-408. [PMID: 24281548 DOI: 10.1038/hdy.2013.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2013] [Revised: 10/01/2013] [Accepted: 10/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternally transmitted associations between endosymbiotic bacteria and insects are diverse and widespread in nature. Owing to imperfect vertical transmission, many heritable microbes have evolved compensational mechanisms to enhance their persistence in host lineages, such as manipulating host reproduction and conferring fitness benefits to host. Symbiont-mediated defense against natural enemies of hosts is increasingly recognized as an important mechanism by which endosymbionts enhance host fitness. Members of the genus Spiroplasma associated with distantly related Drosophila hosts are known to engage in either reproductive parasitism (i.e., male killing) or defense against natural enemies (the parasitic wasp Leptopilina heterotoma and a nematode). A male-killing strain of Spiroplasma (strain Melanogaster Sex Ratio Organism (MSRO)) co-occurs with Wolbachia (strain wMel) in certain wild populations of the model organism Drosophila melanogaster. We examined the effects of Spiroplasma MSRO and Wolbachia wMel on Drosophila survival against parasitism by two common wasps, Leptopilina heterotoma and Leptopilina boulardi, that differ in their host ranges and host evasion strategies. The results indicate that Spiroplasma MSRO prevents successful development of both wasps, and confers a small, albeit significant, increase in larva-to-adult survival of flies subjected to wasp attacks. We modeled the conditions under which defense can contribute to Spiroplasma persistence. Wolbachia also confers a weak, but significant, survival advantage to flies attacked by L. heterotoma. The host protective effects exhibited by Spiroplasma and Wolbachia are additive and may provide the conditions for such cotransmitted symbionts to become mutualists. Occurrence of Spiroplasma-mediated protection against distinct parasitoids in divergent Drosophila hosts suggests a general protection mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Xie
- Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - S Butler
- Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - G Sanchez
- Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - M Mateos
- Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
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Basnet A, Butler S, Hartvig Honoré P, Butler M, Gordh T, Kristensen K, Bjerrum O. Promising effects of donepezil when added to patients treated with gabapentin for neuropathic pain. Scand J Pain 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sjpain.2013.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Aims
The clinical relevance of adding the acetylcholinesterase inhibitor donepezil to existing gabapentin treatment in patients with post-traumatic neuropathic pain was explored in this open-label study. The two drugs have previously shown synergism following co-administration in nerve-injured rats [1,2].
Methods
The study comprised two consecutive periods of minimum six weeks: (1) titration of gabapentin until highest tolerable dose or maximum 24GG mg daily; and (2) addition of donepezil 5 mg once daily to the fixed gabapentin dose. Efficacy and tolerability were assessed by ratings of pain intensity, questionnaires for pain and health-related quality of life, and reporting of adverse events and analgesic rescue medication. Pain scores were also analyzed using mixed-effects analysis (i.e. incorporating inter-subject variability) with the software NONMEM.
Results
Eight patients commenced treatment with donepezil upon the gabapentin titration period, of which two withdrew due to adverse events. Addition of donepezil reduced pain by >35% in four of six patients compared to gabapentin monotherapy. Mixed-effects analysis revealed that pain scores were significantly lower during co-administration (p < 0.05 combination vs. monotherapy). Donepezil was well tolerated in combination with gabapentin. At the end of study, three patients wished to continue combination therapy with gabapentin and donepezil.
Conclusions
Donepezil may provide additional analgesia to neuropathic pain patients with insufficient pain relief from gabapentin as monotherapy. Further confirmation in controlled clinical trials is justified. Mixed-effects analysis was sensitive enough to detect statistically significant effects, showing its usefulness in small-scale trials and/or when data is associated with high variability.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Basnet
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology , University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - S. Butler
- Multidisciplinary Pain Centre , Uppsala University Hospital , Uppsala , Sweden
| | - P. Hartvig Honoré
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology , University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - M. Butler
- Multidisciplinary Pain Centre , Uppsala University Hospital , Uppsala , Sweden
| | - T.E. Gordh
- Multidisciplinary Pain Centre , Uppsala University Hospital , Uppsala , Sweden
| | | | - O.J. Bjerrum
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology , University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark
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Anderson E, Harwood S, Page T, Butler S. Falls prevention resource for the aboriginal population in Western Australia. Inj Prev 2012. [DOI: 10.1136/injuryprev-2012-040590e.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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