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Alsultan A, Aldawsari MR, Alturaiq NK, Syed SA, Alsubai A, Kurdee Z, Alsubaie S, Alqahtani S, Abouelkheir M. Evaluation of pharmacokinetic pharmacodynamic target attainment of meropenem in pediatric patients. Pediatr Neonatol 2024:S1875-9572(23)00245-0. [PMID: 38218717 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedneo.2023.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Meropenem is a widely used carbapenem for treating severe pediatric infections. However, few studies have assessed its pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) in pediatric patients. This study aimed to evaluate the proportion of Saudi pediatric patients achieving the PK/PD target of meropenem. METHODS A prospective observational study was conducted at King Saud University Medical City from July to September 2022. Pediatric patients receiving meropenem for suspected or proven infections were included in the study. The primary outcome was the percentage of patients achieving the recommended PK/PD target for critically ill or non-critically ill pediatric patients. RESULTS The study included 30 patients (nine neonates and 21 older pediatric patients). All neonates were critically ill. Among them, 55 % achieved the PK/PD target of 100 % free time above the MIC. In older ICU pediatric patients, only 11 % attained this target, whereas 58 % of older pediatrics in the general wards achieved the PK/PD target of 50 % free time above the MIC. Augmented renal clearance (ARC) was identified in 57 % of our pediatric patient population, none of whom achieved the recommended PK/PD targets. The median trough concentrations in patients with and without ARC were 0.75 and 1.3 μg/mL, respectively (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The majority of patients in our cohort did not achieve the PK/PD target for meropenem. ARC emerged as a major risk factor for target attainment failure in both critically ill and non-critically ill pediatric patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Alsultan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Clinical Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics Unit, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Maram R Aldawsari
- Department of Pharmacy, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nujood Khaled Alturaiq
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed Ali Syed
- Department of Pharmaceutical, Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz Alsubai
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Clinical Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics Unit, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zeyad Kurdee
- Clinical Biochemistry Unit, Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah Alsubaie
- Pediatric Infectious Disease Unit, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed Alqahtani
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Clinical Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics Unit, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manal Abouelkheir
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University, Cairo, Egypt.
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Alsubaie S, Grant D, Donyai P. An Applied Linguistics Study of How Students Prevent Embarrassments and Impositions During Interactive Examination OSCEs. Am J Pharm Educ 2023; 87:100103. [PMID: 37597917 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpe.2023.100103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the effectiveness of politeness strategies used by pharmacy students to avoid embarrassing or imposing on others during objective structured clinical examinations. METHODS A total of 19 objective structured clinical examinations video recordings of 10 students (participants) interacting with mock patients were examined using the framework of Politeness Theory (PT). All relevant participant acts (speech activities) were coded using PT into (1) type of face threatening acts (ie, potentially sensitive situations-as regarded by PT) and (2) politeness strategies used to mitigate them. Conversation Analysis was then used to examine the effectiveness of conversational strategies by judging the 'patient' responses to these strategies. RESULTS Most acts had the potential to impact patients' negative face needs (ie, desire to act autonomously, eg, upon the practitioner making a request), positive face needs (ie, desire to be liked, eg, upon the practitioner making a diagnosis), or both. Despite applying a variety of positive politeness strategies (eg, avoiding disagreement, or expressing understanding) to prevent embarrassment to the patient, and negative politeness strategies (eg, being indirect, using hedging, or minimizing the imposition) to avoid directly imposing on them, "dispreferred responses" showed participants mostly focused on avoiding impositions, corresponding to what they have been taught, rather embarrassments. CONCLUSION Participants were less aware that discussing sensitive topics could cause embarrassment to patients, with the potential to upset them. Developing teaching and evaluation methods to consider patients' face needs could help in assessing and improving pharmacy students' communication skills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Alsubaie
- University of Reading, School of Pharmacy, Whiteknights Campus, Reading, United Kingdom.
| | - Daniel Grant
- University of Reading, School of Pharmacy, Whiteknights Campus, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Parastou Donyai
- University of Reading, School of Pharmacy, Whiteknights Campus, Reading, United Kingdom
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Alsubaie S, Grant D, Donyai P. The use of politeness strategies by pharmacy students while obtaining information from patients during OSCES consultations. International Journal of Pharmacy Practice 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/ijpp/riac089.000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Objective Structured Clinical Examinations (OSCEs) assess students’ application of clinical and communication skills, and can include discussing patient behaviours (e.g., diet, or medication adherence). Politeness Theory (PT) defines potentially sensitive elements of such interactions as Face Threatening Acts (FTAs) and proposes a framework of mitigating Politeness Strategies (PS). Accordingly, asking a behavioural question, e.g. ‘have you been taking your medicines?’, interferes both with the person’s face need to be autonomous and face need to be ‘liked’, by imposing a response and risk of judgement, respectively. Contrastingly, fact-finding questions (e.g. ‘what is your name?’) are arguably less face threatening because they don’t hinge on patient behaviours. Asking a question directly without attempting to minimize its impact on face needs is usually considered devoid of PS (labelled within PT as a ‘Bald on record’ approach), whereas for example hedging (e.g. using ‘perhaps’), showing deference (e.g. ‘please’) and being indirect (e.g. ‘would you happen to know’) involve PS. Not meeting patient face needs can create tension, cause distress and, in turn, decrease the effectiveness of an interaction. We hypothesised students would use PS more frequently when asking questions relating to patient behaviours (i.e. involving obvious FTAs) compared to standard non-behavioural questions, in order to maintain patient face.
Aim
To identify behavioural and non-behavioural questions asked by pharmacy students and any PS used within recorded OSCEs, and test differences between question types and use of PS.
Methods
This study employed PT to identify any conversational PS used by students. Following institutional ethical approval, a total of 19 OSCE video recordings of 10 students performing Healthy Living Assessments (HLA) and Responding to Symptoms (RTS) scenarios were transcribed using ELAN software ((Version 6.4). Student speech activities were coded as behavioural or non-behavioural questions. PS used by students were classified as absent (i.e. ‘Bald on record’) or using at least one PS. We looked for associations between categories of questions (behavioural or non-behavioural) and use of PS (absent or present) using the Chi-square test.
Results
In most cases, pharmacy students used the ‘Bald on record’ approach to obtain information; 63 % for behavioural questions, e.g. “what is your alcohol intake?” or “do you smoke cigarettes?”, and 60% for non-behavioural questions, e.g. “do you have any food or drug allergies?”. PS were also used, but with lower frequency; 37% for behavioural questions, e.g. by asking the patient’s permission politely “is it okay to ask you some questions about your lifestyle...?”, and 40% for non-behavioural questions, e.g. “may I ask you how old are you?”. The Chi-square test (χ 2=1.98, df=1, p=0.73) showed no significant relationship between the face threatening nature of a question and the use of PS.
Discussion/Conclusion
Pharmacy students asked behavioural questions similar to how they asked non-behavioural questions, and may be unaware that behavioural (vs. non-behavioural) questions are potentially more face threatening to patients. Enhancing pharmacy students’ awareness of patient face needs and PS is a novel approach, which could be explored further when teaching about consultations with its impact tested in future research.
References
1. Brown P, Levinson SC. Politeness: some universals in language usage. vol 4. Cambridge University Press; 1987.
2. Have P. Doing conversation analysis. 2nd ed. Introducing qualitative methods. Sage; 2007.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Alsubaie
- School of Pharmacy, University of Reading
| | - D Grant
- School of Pharmacy, University of Reading
| | - P Donyai
- School of Pharmacy, University of Reading
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Almangour TA, Alsubaie S, Ghonem L, Almohaini HA, Mohammed Bakheet H, Altweijri I. Ceftazidime-avibactam for the Treatment of Multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Central Nervous System Infection in Pediatric Patient: A Case Report. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2022; 41:436-438. [PMID: 34955517 DOI: 10.1097/inf.0000000000003439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Very limited experimental and clinical data are currently available regarding the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) penetration of ceftazidime-avibactam in adults. Nevertheless, up to our knowledge, there are no data of ceftazidime-avibactam use in central nervous system infections in pediatric patients. For that, here we describe our experience with the use of ceftazidime-avibactam in addition to intraventricular colistin in a pediatric patient diagnosed with ventriculoperitoneal shunt infection due to multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa. A 2-year-old boy known to pre-term, delivered at 26 weeks with hydrocephalus that required ventriculoperitoneal shunt which was infected due to P. aeruginosa. He was treated with multiple antipseudomonal agents; however, cultures remained persistently positive. On day 54 of admission, the isolate was reported as multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa and he was switched to ceftazidime-avibactam and intraventricular colistin. CSF cultures became sterile 3 days after initiation of this antibiotic regimen, and subsequent CSF cultures had no growth. No recurrent episode of central nervous system infections due to P. aeruginosa occurred up to 2 years of follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thamer A Almangour
- From the Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah Alsubaie
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Pediatric, College of Medicine, King Saud University, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Leen Ghonem
- Clinical pharmacist-Infectious Diseases Services, King Saud University Medical City, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Hissah A Almohaini
- PGY1 Pharmacy Practice Resident, Pharmacy Services, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hind Mohammed Bakheet
- Pediatric infectious diseases unit, department of Pediatric, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ikhlass Altweijri
- Pediatric Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, King Saud University, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Temsah MH, Aljamaan F, Alenezi S, Alhasan K, Alrabiaah A, Assiri R, Bassrawi R, Alhaboob A, Alshahrani F, Alarabi M, Alaraj A, Alharbi NS, Halwani R, Jamal A, Al-Eyadhy A, AbdulMajeed N, Alfarra L, Almashdali W, Fayed A, Alzamil F, Barry M, Memish ZA, Al-Tawfiq JA, Alsubaie S. SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant: Exploring Healthcare Workers' Awareness and Perception of Vaccine Effectiveness: A National Survey During the First Week of WHO Variant Alert. Front Public Health 2022; 10:878159. [PMID: 35400032 PMCID: PMC8989964 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.878159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background As the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant spreads in several countries, healthcare workers' (HCWs) perceptions and worries regarding vaccine effectiveness and boosters warrant reassessment. Methods An online questionnaire among HCWs in Saudi Arabia (KSA) was distributed from Dec 1st-6th 2021 to assess their perceptions, vaccine advocacy to the Omicron variant, and their perception of the effectiveness of infection prevention measures and vaccination to prevent its spread, their Omicron variant related worries in comparison to the other variants, and their agreement with mandatory vaccination in general for adults. Results Among the 1,285 HCW participants, two-thirds were female, 49.8 % were nurses, 46.4% were physicians, and 50.0% worked in tertiary care hospitals. 66.9% considered vaccination to be the most effective way to prevent the spread of the Omicron variant and future variants. The respondents however perceived social distancing (78.0%), universal masking (77.8%), and avoiding unnecessary travel (71.4%) as slightly superior to vaccination to prevent the spread of SARS-CoV-2 variants. HCWs aging 55 or older agreed significantly with vaccine ineffectiveness to control Omicron spread, while those who believed in non-pharmacological infection prevention measures agreed significantly with vaccination for that purpose. Male HCWs had a significant agreement with mandatory vaccination of all eligible adult populations. On the other hand, unwilling HCWs to receive the vaccine had strong disagreements with mandatory vaccination. Conclusions The current study in the first week of Omicron showed that only two-thirds of HCWs felt that vaccination was the best option to prevent the spread of the Omicron variant, indicating the need for further motivation campaigns for vaccination and booster dose. HCWs had a strong belief in infection prevention measures to contain the spread of SARS-CoV-2 variants that should be encouraged and augmented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad-Hani Temsah
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pediatric, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Prince Abdullah Ben Khaled Celiac Disease Research Chair, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fadi Aljamaan
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Critical Care, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shuliweeh Alenezi
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Alhasan
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pediatric, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulkarim Alrabiaah
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pediatric, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rasha Assiri
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rolan Bassrawi
- Department of Pediatric, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Alhaboob
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pediatric, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatimah Alshahrani
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Alarabi
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Alaraj
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Qassim, Saudi Arabia
- Dr. Sulaiman Al Habib Medical Group, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nasser S. Alharbi
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pediatric, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rabih Halwani
- Sharjah Institute of Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Amr Jamal
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayman Al-Eyadhy
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pediatric, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naif AbdulMajeed
- Department of Pediatric, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lina Alfarra
- Department of Ob-Gyn, Dr. Abdul Rahman Al Mishari Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wafa Almashdali
- Department of Ob-Gyn, Dr. Fatina Imran Medical Complex, Doha, Qatar
| | - Amel Fayed
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad Alzamil
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pediatric, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mazin Barry
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Ziad A. Memish
- King Saud Medical City, Ministry of Health and Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Hubert Department of Global Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Jaffar A. Al-Tawfiq
- Department of Specialty Internal Medicine and Quality, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahra, Saudi Arabia
- Infectious Disease Division, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Infectious Disease Division, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Sarah Alsubaie
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pediatric, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Temsah MH, Alenezi S, Alarabi M, Aljamaan F, Alhasan K, Assiri R, Bassrawi R, Alshahrani F, Alhaboob A, Alaraj A, Alharbi NS, Alrabiaah A, Halwani R, Jamal A, Abdulmajeed N, Alfarra L, Almashdali W, Al-Eyadhy A, AlZamil F, Alsubaie S, Barry M, Memish ZA, Al-Tawfiq JA. Healthcare Workers' SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant Uncertainty-Related Stress, Resilience, and Coping Strategies during the First Week of the World Health Organization's Alert. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:ijerph19041944. [PMID: 35206135 PMCID: PMC8872197 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19041944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant emerged and spread globally at an alarming speed, healthcare workers' (HCWs) uncertainties, worries, resilience, and coping strategies warranted assessment. The COVID-19 pandemic had a severe psychological impact on HCWs, including the development of Post-Traumatic Stress symptoms. Specific subgroups of HCWs, such as front-line and female workers, were more prone to poor mental health outcomes and difficulties facing stress. METHODS The responses to an online questionnaire among HCWs in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) were collected from 1 December 2021 to 6 December 2021, aiming to assess their uncertainties, worries, resilience, and coping strategies regarding the Omicron variant. Three validated instruments were used to achieve the study's goals: the Brief Resilient Coping Scale (BRCS), the Standard Stress Scale (SSS), and the Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale (IUS)-Short Form. RESULTS The online survey was completed by 1285 HCWs. Females made up the majority of the participants (64%). A total of 1285 HCW's completed the online survey from all regions in KSA. Resilient coping scored by the BRCS was negatively and significantly correlated with stress as scored by the SSS (r = -0.313, p < 0.010). Moreover, intolerance of uncertainty scored by the IUS positively and significantly correlated with stress (r = 0.326, p < 0.010). Increased stress levels were linked to a considerable drop in resilient coping scores. Furthermore, being a Saudi HCW or a nurse was linked to a significant reduction in resilient coping ratings. Coping by following healthcare authorities' preventative instructions and using the WHO website as a source of information was linked to a considerable rise in resilient coping. CONCLUSIONS The negative association between resilient coping and stress was clearly shown, as well as how underlying intolerance of uncertainty is linked to higher stress among HCWs quickly following the development of a new infectious threat. The study provides early insights into developing and promoting coping strategies for emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad-Hani Temsah
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.); (M.A.); (F.A.); (K.A.); (F.A.); (A.A.); (N.S.A.); (A.A.); (A.J.); (A.A.-E.); (F.A.); (S.A.); (M.B.)
- Pediatric Department, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia; (R.B.); (N.A.)
- Prince Abdullah Ben Khaled Celiac Disease Research Chair, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence:
| | - Shuliweeh Alenezi
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.); (M.A.); (F.A.); (K.A.); (F.A.); (A.A.); (N.S.A.); (A.A.); (A.J.); (A.A.-E.); (F.A.); (S.A.); (M.B.)
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Alarabi
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.); (M.A.); (F.A.); (K.A.); (F.A.); (A.A.); (N.S.A.); (A.A.); (A.J.); (A.A.-E.); (F.A.); (S.A.); (M.B.)
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fadi Aljamaan
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.); (M.A.); (F.A.); (K.A.); (F.A.); (A.A.); (N.S.A.); (A.A.); (A.J.); (A.A.-E.); (F.A.); (S.A.); (M.B.)
- Critical Care Department, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Alhasan
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.); (M.A.); (F.A.); (K.A.); (F.A.); (A.A.); (N.S.A.); (A.A.); (A.J.); (A.A.-E.); (F.A.); (S.A.); (M.B.)
- Pediatric Department, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia; (R.B.); (N.A.)
| | - Rasha Assiri
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11564, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Rolan Bassrawi
- Pediatric Department, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia; (R.B.); (N.A.)
| | - Fatimah Alshahrani
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.); (M.A.); (F.A.); (K.A.); (F.A.); (A.A.); (N.S.A.); (A.A.); (A.J.); (A.A.-E.); (F.A.); (S.A.); (M.B.)
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Alhaboob
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.); (M.A.); (F.A.); (K.A.); (F.A.); (A.A.); (N.S.A.); (A.A.); (A.J.); (A.A.-E.); (F.A.); (S.A.); (M.B.)
- Pediatric Department, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia; (R.B.); (N.A.)
| | - Ali Alaraj
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Qassim 51452, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Medicine, Dr. Sulaiman Al Habib Medical Group, Riyadh 11643, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nasser S. Alharbi
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.); (M.A.); (F.A.); (K.A.); (F.A.); (A.A.); (N.S.A.); (A.A.); (A.J.); (A.A.-E.); (F.A.); (S.A.); (M.B.)
- Pediatric Department, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia; (R.B.); (N.A.)
| | - Abdulkarim Alrabiaah
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.); (M.A.); (F.A.); (K.A.); (F.A.); (A.A.); (N.S.A.); (A.A.); (A.J.); (A.A.-E.); (F.A.); (S.A.); (M.B.)
- Pediatric Department, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia; (R.B.); (N.A.)
| | - Rabih Halwani
- Sharjah Institute of Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates;
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Amr Jamal
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.); (M.A.); (F.A.); (K.A.); (F.A.); (A.A.); (N.S.A.); (A.A.); (A.J.); (A.A.-E.); (F.A.); (S.A.); (M.B.)
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naif Abdulmajeed
- Pediatric Department, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia; (R.B.); (N.A.)
- Pediatric Nephrology Department, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh 11159, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lina Alfarra
- Department of Ob-Gyn, Dr. Abdul Rahman Al Mishari Hospital, Riyadh 12241, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Wafa Almashdali
- Department of Ob-Gyn, Dr. Fatina Imran Medical Complex, Doha 233, Qatar;
| | - Ayman Al-Eyadhy
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.); (M.A.); (F.A.); (K.A.); (F.A.); (A.A.); (N.S.A.); (A.A.); (A.J.); (A.A.-E.); (F.A.); (S.A.); (M.B.)
- Pediatric Department, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia; (R.B.); (N.A.)
| | - Fahad AlZamil
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.); (M.A.); (F.A.); (K.A.); (F.A.); (A.A.); (N.S.A.); (A.A.); (A.J.); (A.A.-E.); (F.A.); (S.A.); (M.B.)
- Pediatric Department, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia; (R.B.); (N.A.)
| | - Sarah Alsubaie
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.); (M.A.); (F.A.); (K.A.); (F.A.); (A.A.); (N.S.A.); (A.A.); (A.J.); (A.A.-E.); (F.A.); (S.A.); (M.B.)
- Pediatric Department, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia; (R.B.); (N.A.)
| | - Mazin Barry
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.); (M.A.); (F.A.); (K.A.); (F.A.); (A.A.); (N.S.A.); (A.A.); (A.J.); (A.A.-E.); (F.A.); (S.A.); (M.B.)
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Ziad A. Memish
- King Saud Medical City, Ministry of Health & Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia;
- Hubert Department of Global Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Jaffar A. Al-Tawfiq
- Specialty Internal Medicine and Quality Department, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran 34465, Saudi Arabia;
- Infectious Disease Division, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Infectious Disease Division, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
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Almalki ZS, AlOmari BA, Alshammari T, Alshlowi A, Khan MF, Hazazi A, Alruwaily M, Alsubaie S, Alanazi F, Aldossary N, Albahkali R. Uncontrolled blood pressure among hypertensive adults with rheumatoid arthritis in Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e28763. [PMID: 35089255 PMCID: PMC8797535 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000028763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Despite the availability and advancement of diagnostic and treatments with demonstrated benefits in minimizing cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, hypertension control rates remain suboptimal. Therefore, this research aimed to determine the prevalence of uncontrolled BP in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients and understand all potential risk factors for uncontrolled BP.We conducted a cross-sectional study on RA patients in 2 rheumatology clinics in 2 public hospitals in Riyadh. Patients' information such as demographics, comorbidities, drug use, and other clinical data were captured through a review of medical records and supplemented by patient interviews. Multivariate logistic regression was utilized for the analysis to identify the significant factors of uncontrolled BP (systolic BP ≥140 mm Hg or diastolic BP ≥90 mm Hg).In total, 834 subjects with RA and concomitant BP were involved in this cross-sectional study. The prevalence of uncontrolled BP was found to be 31.65% among all the study population. Multivariate analysis showed that males, subjects above 60 years of age, and smokers had a distinctly higher occurrence of uncontrolled BP. Among the patients with comorbid conditions, those with obesity, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, anemia, cancer, and reflex or gastroesophageal reflux disease also showed a significantly higher risk of uncontrolled BP (P < .05).The rate of uncontrolled BP was found to be alarmingly high in the study population. Age, gender, smoking, diabetes, obesity, hyperlipidemia, cancer, gastroesophageal reflux disease, and osteoporosis are independently linked with lack of BP control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyad S. Almalki
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bedor Abdullah AlOmari
- Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Areej Alshlowi
- Clinical Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Ad Diriyah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Faiyaz Khan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Hazazi
- College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha Alruwaily
- Clinical Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Ad Diriyah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah Alsubaie
- Clinical Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Ad Diriyah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faten Alanazi
- Clinical Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Ad Diriyah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Norah Aldossary
- Clinical Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Ad Diriyah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Raseel Albahkali
- Clinical Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Ad Diriyah, Saudi Arabia
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Alenezi S, Alarabi M, Al-Eyadhy A, Aljamaan F, Elbarazi I, Saddik B, Alhasan K, Assiri R, Bassrawi R, Alshahrani F, Alharbi NS, Fayed A, Minhaj Ahmed S, Halwani R, Saad K, Alsubaie S, Barry M, Memish ZA, Al-Tawfiq JA, Temsah MH. Parental perceptions and the 5C psychological antecedents of COVID-19 vaccination during the first month of omicron variant surge: A large-scale cross-sectional survey in Saudi Arabia. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:944165. [PMID: 36052364 PMCID: PMC9424678 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.944165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the rapid surge of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant, we aimed to assess parents' perceptions of the COVID-19 vaccines and the psychological antecedents of vaccinations during the first month of the Omicron spread. METHODS A cross-sectional online survey in Saudi Arabia was conducted (December 20, 2021-January 7, 2022). Convenience sampling was used to invite participants through several social media platforms, including WhatsApp, Twitter, and email lists. We utilized the validated 5C Scale, which evaluates five psychological factors influencing vaccination intention and behavior: confidence, complacency, constraints, calculation, and collective responsibility. RESULTS Of the 1,340 respondents, 61.3% received two doses of the COVID-19 vaccine, while 35% received an additional booster dose. Fify four percentage were unwilling to vaccinate their children aged 5-11, and 57.2% were unwilling to give the additional booster vaccine to children aged 12-18. Respondents had higher scores on the construct of collective responsibility, followed by calculation, confidence, complacency, and finally constraints. Confidence in vaccines was associated with willingness to vaccinate children and positively correlated with collective responsibility (p < 0.010). Complacency about COVID-19 was associated with unwillingness to vaccinate older children (12-18 years) and with increased constraints and calculation scores (p < 0.010). While increasing constraints scores did not correlate with decreased willingness to vaccinate children (p = 0.140), they did correlate negatively with confidence and collective responsibility (p < 0.010). CONCLUSIONS The findings demonstrate the relationship between the five antecedents of vaccination, the importance of confidence in vaccines, and a sense of collective responsibility in parents' intention to vaccinate their children. Campaigns addressing constraints and collective responsibility could help influence the public's vaccination behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuliweeh Alenezi
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Alarabi
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayman Al-Eyadhy
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Pediatric Kidney Transplant, Organ Transplant Center of Excellence, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fadi Aljamaan
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Critical Care Department, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Iffat Elbarazi
- Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, AlAin, United Arab Emirates
| | - Basema Saddik
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Sharjah Institute of Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Khalid Alhasan
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Pediatric Kidney Transplant, Organ Transplant Center of Excellence, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rasha Assiri
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rolan Bassrawi
- Pediatric Kidney Transplant, Organ Transplant Center of Excellence, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatimah Alshahrani
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nasser S. Alharbi
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Pediatric Kidney Transplant, Organ Transplant Center of Excellence, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amel Fayed
- Clinical Sciences Department, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sheikh Minhaj Ahmed
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Lilavati Hospital and Research Center, Mumbai, India
| | - Rabih Halwani
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Khaled Saad
- Pediatric Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Sarah Alsubaie
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Pediatric Kidney Transplant, Organ Transplant Center of Excellence, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mazin Barry
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | | | - Ziad A. Memish
- King Saud Medical City, Ministry of Health and Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Hubert Department of Global Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Jaffar A. Al-Tawfiq
- Specialty Internal Medicine and Quality Department, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
- Infectious Disease Division, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Infectious Disease Division, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Mohamad-Hani Temsah
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Pediatric Kidney Transplant, Organ Transplant Center of Excellence, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- *Correspondence: Mohamad-Hani Temsah
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Altulahi N, AlNujaim S, Alabdulqader A, Alkharashi A, AlMalki A, AlSiari F, Bashawri Y, Alsubaie S, AlShahrani D, AlGoraini Y. Willingness, beliefs, and barriers regarding the COVID-19 vaccine in Saudi Arabia: a multiregional cross-sectional study. BMC Fam Pract 2021; 22:247. [PMID: 34911441 PMCID: PMC8674018 DOI: 10.1186/s12875-021-01606-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Background The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread worldwide, and the vaccine remains the ultimate cornerstone to overcoming its long-term impact. Vaccine hesitancy might obstruct the effort to achieve herd immunity and eradicate the virus. We assessed Saudi Arabian individuals’ willingness, beliefs, and barriers regarding the COVID-19 vaccine and their adherence to preventive measures during and after the pandemic. Methods A self-administered electronic validated questionnaire was distributed among the five major regions in Saudi Arabia between November and December 2020. The questionnaire addressed the sociodemographic data, beliefs, potential barriers, parents’ acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination for their children, and adherence to protective measures during and after the pandemic. Results Of 8,056 participants, 4,218 (52.4%) of a non-representative sample were willing to be vaccinated against COVID-19. Being a young adult, male, having less than a high school degree, being a smoker, having a chronic disease, and having a history of seasonal influenza vaccine uptake were positive predictors of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance. Hesitant participants reported concerns about vaccine side effects and safety as the main barriers to accepting the COVID-19 vaccine. Some refusers (26.1%) declared that they would reconsider vaccination only if the safety and effectiveness of the vaccine were reported by more studies. Conclusions Our study revealed a promising willingness to accept the vaccine among the population, with positive beliefs and attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccination. However, a considerable proportion of the population was reluctant to accept the vaccine. Thus, publicly providing information about vaccine safety and implementing health education programs is crucial for increasing the public’s confidence in the vaccine. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12875-021-01606-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noura Altulahi
- College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shouq AlNujaim
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdul-Aziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Azzam Alabdulqader
- College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Alkharashi
- College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Assaf AlMalki
- College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal AlSiari
- College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yara Bashawri
- Biostatistics Specialist, Biostatistics Department, King Fahad Medical City, Research Services Administration, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah Alsubaie
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Infection Control, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dayel AlShahrani
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Pediatric Infectious Diseases Section, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yara AlGoraini
- Pediatric Emergency Department, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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10
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Barry M, Temsah MH, Alhuzaimi A, Alamro N, Al-Eyadhy A, Aljamaan F, Saddik B, Alhaboob A, Alsohime F, Alhasan K, Alrabiaah A, Alaraj A, Halwani R, Jamal A, Alsubaie S, Al-Shahrani FS, Memish ZA, Al-Tawfiq JA. COVID-19 vaccine confidence and hesitancy among health care workers: A cross-sectional survey from a MERS-CoV experienced nation. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0244415. [PMID: 34843462 PMCID: PMC8629228 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0244415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to identify coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine perception, acceptance, confidence, hesitancy, and barriers among health care workers (HCWs). Methods An online national cross-sectional pilot-validated questionnaire was self-administered by HCWs in Saudi Arabia, which is a nation with MERS-CoV experience. The main outcome variable was HCWs’ acceptance of COVID-19 vaccine candidates. The factors associated with vaccination acceptance were identified through a logistic regression analysis, and the level of anxiety was measured using a validated instrument to measure general anxiety levels. Results Out of the 1512 HCWs who completed the study questionnaire—of which 62.4% were women—70% were willing to receive COVID-19 vaccines. A logistic regression analysis revealed that male HCWs (ORa = 1.551, 95% CI: 1.122–2.144), HCWs who believe in vaccine safety (ORa = 2.151; 95% CI: 1.708–2.708), HCWs who believe that COVID vaccines are the most likely way to stop the pandemic (ORa = 1.539; 95% CI: 1.259–1.881), and HCWs who rely on the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention website for COVID 19 updates (ORa = 1.505, 95% CI: 1.125–2.013) were significantly associated with reporting a willingness to be vaccinated. However, HCWs who believed that the vaccines were rushed without evidence-informed testing were found to be 60% less inclined to accept COVID-19 vaccines (ORa = 0.394, 95% CI: 0.298–0.522). Conclusion Most HCWs are willing to receive COVID-19 vaccines once they are available; the satisfactoriness of COVID-19 vaccination among HCWs is crucial because health professionals’ knowledge and confidence toward vaccines are important determining factors for not only their own vaccine acceptance but also recommendation for such vaccines to their patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mazin Barry
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University and King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- * E-mail:
| | - Mohamad-Hani Temsah
- Pediatric Department, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Alhuzaimi
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Cardiac Science Department, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nurah Alamro
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayman Al-Eyadhy
- Pediatric Department, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fadi Aljamaan
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Critical Care Dept, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Dr. Sulaiman Al Habib Medical Group, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Basema Saddik
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ali Alhaboob
- Pediatric Department, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad Alsohime
- Pediatric Department, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Alhasan
- Pediatric Department, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulkarim Alrabiaah
- Pediatric Department, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Alaraj
- Dr. Sulaiman Al Habib Medical Group, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Qassim, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rabih Halwani
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Amr Jamal
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah Alsubaie
- Pediatric Department, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatimah S. Al-Shahrani
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University and King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ziad A. Memish
- Director Research and Innovation Centre, King Saud Medical City, Ministry of Health & College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | - Jaffar A. Al-Tawfiq
- Specialty Internal Medicine and Quality Department, Johns Hopkins Aramco Health Care, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
- Infectious disease division, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indiana, United States of America
- Infectious Disease Division, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
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Alhasan KA, Shalaby MA, Temsah MH, Aljamaan F, Shagal R, AlFaadhel T, Alomi M, AlMatham K, AlHerbish AJ, Raina R, Sethi SK, Alsubaie S, Hakami MH, Alharbi NM, Shebeli RA, Nur HM, Kashari OF, Qari FA, Albanna AS, Kari JA. Factors That Influence Mortality in Critically Ill Patients with SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Multicenter Study in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:1608. [PMID: 34946347 PMCID: PMC8701249 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9121608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND SARS-CoV-2 infection has a high mortality rate and continues to be a global threat, which warrants the identification of all mortality risk factors in critically ill patients. METHODS This is a retrospective multicenter cohort study conducted in five hospitals in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). We enrolled patients with confirmed SARS-COV-2 infection admitted to any of the intensive care units from the five hospitals between March 2020 and July 2020, corresponding to the peak of recorded COVID-19 cases in the KSA. RESULTS In total, 229 critically ill patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection were included in the study. The presenting symptoms and signs of patients who died during hospitalization were not significantly different from those observed among patients who survived. The baseline comorbidities that were significantly associated with in-hospital mortality were diabetes (62% vs. 48% among patients who died and survived (p = 0.046)), underlying cardiac disease (38% vs. 19% (p = 0.001)), and underlying kidney disease (32% vs. 12% (p < 0.001)). CONCLUSION In our cohort, the baseline comorbidities that were significantly associated with in-hospital mortality were diabetes, underlying cardiac disease, and underlying kidney disease. Additionally, the factors that independently influenced mortality among critically ill COVID-19 patients were high Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (aPTT )and international normalization ratio (INR), acidosis, and high ferritin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid A Alhasan
- Pediatrics Department, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (K.A.A.); (M.-H.T.); (R.S.); (A.J.A.); (S.A.)
| | - Mohamed A Shalaby
- Pediatric Nephrology Center of Excellence, Department of Pediatrics, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Pediatrics, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamad-Hani Temsah
- Pediatrics Department, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (K.A.A.); (M.-H.T.); (R.S.); (A.J.A.); (S.A.)
| | - Fadi Aljamaan
- Critical Care Department, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Reem Shagal
- Pediatrics Department, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (K.A.A.); (M.-H.T.); (R.S.); (A.J.A.); (S.A.)
| | - Talal AlFaadhel
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohammed Alomi
- Prince Mohammed bin Abdulaziz Hospital, King Salman Center for Kidney Diseases, Ministry of Health, Riyadh 14214, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Khalid AlMatham
- King Fahad Medical City, Ministry of Health, Riyadh 11525, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Adi J. AlHerbish
- Pediatrics Department, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (K.A.A.); (M.-H.T.); (R.S.); (A.J.A.); (S.A.)
| | - Rupesh Raina
- Pediatrics Nephrology, Akron Children’s Hospital, Akron, OH 44241, USA;
- Akron Nephrology Associates, Cleveland Clinic Akron General, Akron, OH 44241, USA
| | | | - Sarah Alsubaie
- Pediatrics Department, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (K.A.A.); (M.-H.T.); (R.S.); (A.J.A.); (S.A.)
| | - Marwah H Hakami
- Pediatric Department, East Jeddah General Hospital, Jeddah 636012, Saudi Arabia; (M.H.H.); (N.M.A.); (R.A.S.); (H.M.N.); (O.F.K.)
| | - Najla M Alharbi
- Pediatric Department, East Jeddah General Hospital, Jeddah 636012, Saudi Arabia; (M.H.H.); (N.M.A.); (R.A.S.); (H.M.N.); (O.F.K.)
| | - Razan A Shebeli
- Pediatric Department, East Jeddah General Hospital, Jeddah 636012, Saudi Arabia; (M.H.H.); (N.M.A.); (R.A.S.); (H.M.N.); (O.F.K.)
| | - Hanan Mohamed Nur
- Pediatric Department, East Jeddah General Hospital, Jeddah 636012, Saudi Arabia; (M.H.H.); (N.M.A.); (R.A.S.); (H.M.N.); (O.F.K.)
| | - Ohoud F Kashari
- Pediatric Department, East Jeddah General Hospital, Jeddah 636012, Saudi Arabia; (M.H.H.); (N.M.A.); (R.A.S.); (H.M.N.); (O.F.K.)
| | - Faiza A Qari
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Amr S Albanna
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah 11481, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Jameela A Kari
- Pediatric Nephrology Center of Excellence, Department of Pediatrics, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Pediatrics, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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Alsubaie S, Grant D, Donyai P. The utility of Conversation Analysis versus Roter's Interaction Analysis System for studying communication in pharmacy settings: a scoping review. Int J Pharm Pract 2021; 30:17-27. [PMID: 34741506 DOI: 10.1093/ijpp/riab068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare the usefulness of the Roter Interaction Analysis System with Conversation Analysis (CA) for studying dynamic patient-pharmacist interactions within pharmacy practice. A scoping review was undertaken to identify all studies using Roter's method or CA to investigate patient-pharmacist interactions. The studies were then compared and contrasted for their methodological advantages and disadvantages. KEY FINDINGS In total, 31 studies met the inclusion criteria. Roter's method is effective in briefly describing patient-pharmacist interactions and can be used to measure the effect of training courses without consuming too much time. CA, although a time-consuming undertaking, looks at very specific features and the sequence of conversations including the dynamics of two-way interactions and can therefore be used to identify the source of conflict or misunderstandings. A flowchart showing the usefulness of both methods is suggested to help other researchers select the appropriate method(s) for their own research. SUMMARY Although both methods are effective for investigating patient-pharmacist interactions independently, using them sequentially could enable researchers to firstly identify how to make improvements (via CA), design relevant training and then investigate the impact of such training (via Roter's method) to enrich communications research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Alsubaie
- School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Whiteknights Campus, Reading, UK
| | - Daniel Grant
- School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Whiteknights Campus, Reading, UK
| | - Parastou Donyai
- School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Whiteknights Campus, Reading, UK
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Alosaimi MF, Alhetheel A, Aleisa KA, Altwerki AA, Alenezy NM, Almutairi EM, Alothaim LO, Khalid AMA, Alayed KM, Almazyad MA, BinMoammar TA, Alshobaili FA, Al-Shahrani FS, Alsubaie S, Hasanato RM. Risk factors and predictors that influence SARS-Cov-2 IgG positivity: A cross-sectional study of blood donors in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Saudi Med J 2021; 42:853-861. [PMID: 34344809 PMCID: PMC9195554 DOI: 10.15537/smj.2021.42.8.20210238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: To study the prevalence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) after pandemic’s peak and before the vaccine enrollment in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia and further explore predictors for SARS-CoV-2 positivity. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 515 blood donors from November 22 to December 17, 2020 was conducted at King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia to look at SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin G (IgG) positivity. The participants were asked questions about their demographic characteristics, past SARS-CoV-2 infection, SARS-CoV-2-related symptoms and exposures. Results: The seroprevalence in our study was 12.2% (n=63/515). Being a non-citizen was associated with significantly higher seroprevalence (OR 2.10, p=0.02). Participants with history of SARS-CoV-2 exposure or symptoms regardless of SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis had higher SARS-CoV-2 IgG positivity compared to unexposed or asymptomatic participants (OR 2.47, p=0.0008 or 11.19, p=0.0001, respectively). Blood donors who had symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 IgG infection had a higher SARS-CoV-2 IgG positivity rate (OR 5.04, p=0.008) and index value (p=0.003) than the asymptomatic. Of all the reported symptoms, cough (p=0.004) and anosmia (p=0.002) were significant predictors of SARS-CoV-2 IgG. Conclusion: The seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 among the blood donors in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia is considerably lower than the percentages necessary for herd immunity. Developing SARS-CoV-2-symptoms is the critical factor for higher seropositivity after SARS-CoV-2 exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed F. Alosaimi
- From the Department of Pediatrics (Alosaimi, Almazyad), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the College of Medicine Research Center (Alosaimi), King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Alhetheel, Hasanato), King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.; from the College of Medicine (Aleisa, Altwerki, Alenezy, Almutairi), King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the Blood Bank (Khalid), King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the Department of Medicine (Alayed), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the Department of Family and Community Medicine (BinMoammar, Alshobaili); from the Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine (Al-Shahrani), King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; and from the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Pediatrics, (Alsubaie), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
- Address correspondence and reprint request to: Dr. Mohammed F. Alosaimi, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. E-mail: ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8025-3491
| | - Abdulkarim Alhetheel
- From the Department of Pediatrics (Alosaimi, Almazyad), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the College of Medicine Research Center (Alosaimi), King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Alhetheel, Hasanato), King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.; from the College of Medicine (Aleisa, Altwerki, Alenezy, Almutairi), King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the Blood Bank (Khalid), King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the Department of Medicine (Alayed), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the Department of Family and Community Medicine (BinMoammar, Alshobaili); from the Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine (Al-Shahrani), King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; and from the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Pediatrics, (Alsubaie), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Khalid A. Aleisa
- From the Department of Pediatrics (Alosaimi, Almazyad), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the College of Medicine Research Center (Alosaimi), King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Alhetheel, Hasanato), King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.; from the College of Medicine (Aleisa, Altwerki, Alenezy, Almutairi), King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the Blood Bank (Khalid), King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the Department of Medicine (Alayed), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the Department of Family and Community Medicine (BinMoammar, Alshobaili); from the Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine (Al-Shahrani), King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; and from the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Pediatrics, (Alsubaie), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Abdullah A. Altwerki
- From the Department of Pediatrics (Alosaimi, Almazyad), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the College of Medicine Research Center (Alosaimi), King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Alhetheel, Hasanato), King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.; from the College of Medicine (Aleisa, Altwerki, Alenezy, Almutairi), King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the Blood Bank (Khalid), King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the Department of Medicine (Alayed), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the Department of Family and Community Medicine (BinMoammar, Alshobaili); from the Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine (Al-Shahrani), King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; and from the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Pediatrics, (Alsubaie), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Njoud M. Alenezy
- From the Department of Pediatrics (Alosaimi, Almazyad), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the College of Medicine Research Center (Alosaimi), King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Alhetheel, Hasanato), King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.; from the College of Medicine (Aleisa, Altwerki, Alenezy, Almutairi), King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the Blood Bank (Khalid), King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the Department of Medicine (Alayed), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the Department of Family and Community Medicine (BinMoammar, Alshobaili); from the Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine (Al-Shahrani), King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; and from the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Pediatrics, (Alsubaie), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ebtisam M. Almutairi
- From the Department of Pediatrics (Alosaimi, Almazyad), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the College of Medicine Research Center (Alosaimi), King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Alhetheel, Hasanato), King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.; from the College of Medicine (Aleisa, Altwerki, Alenezy, Almutairi), King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the Blood Bank (Khalid), King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the Department of Medicine (Alayed), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the Department of Family and Community Medicine (BinMoammar, Alshobaili); from the Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine (Al-Shahrani), King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; and from the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Pediatrics, (Alsubaie), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Leen O. Alothaim
- From the Department of Pediatrics (Alosaimi, Almazyad), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the College of Medicine Research Center (Alosaimi), King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Alhetheel, Hasanato), King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.; from the College of Medicine (Aleisa, Altwerki, Alenezy, Almutairi), King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the Blood Bank (Khalid), King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the Department of Medicine (Alayed), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the Department of Family and Community Medicine (BinMoammar, Alshobaili); from the Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine (Al-Shahrani), King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; and from the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Pediatrics, (Alsubaie), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Abdul Manan A. Khalid
- From the Department of Pediatrics (Alosaimi, Almazyad), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the College of Medicine Research Center (Alosaimi), King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Alhetheel, Hasanato), King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.; from the College of Medicine (Aleisa, Altwerki, Alenezy, Almutairi), King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the Blood Bank (Khalid), King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the Department of Medicine (Alayed), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the Department of Family and Community Medicine (BinMoammar, Alshobaili); from the Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine (Al-Shahrani), King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; and from the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Pediatrics, (Alsubaie), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Khalid M. Alayed
- From the Department of Pediatrics (Alosaimi, Almazyad), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the College of Medicine Research Center (Alosaimi), King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Alhetheel, Hasanato), King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.; from the College of Medicine (Aleisa, Altwerki, Alenezy, Almutairi), King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the Blood Bank (Khalid), King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the Department of Medicine (Alayed), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the Department of Family and Community Medicine (BinMoammar, Alshobaili); from the Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine (Al-Shahrani), King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; and from the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Pediatrics, (Alsubaie), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohammed A. Almazyad
- From the Department of Pediatrics (Alosaimi, Almazyad), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the College of Medicine Research Center (Alosaimi), King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Alhetheel, Hasanato), King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.; from the College of Medicine (Aleisa, Altwerki, Alenezy, Almutairi), King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the Blood Bank (Khalid), King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the Department of Medicine (Alayed), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the Department of Family and Community Medicine (BinMoammar, Alshobaili); from the Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine (Al-Shahrani), King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; and from the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Pediatrics, (Alsubaie), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Turki A. BinMoammar
- From the Department of Pediatrics (Alosaimi, Almazyad), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the College of Medicine Research Center (Alosaimi), King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Alhetheel, Hasanato), King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.; from the College of Medicine (Aleisa, Altwerki, Alenezy, Almutairi), King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the Blood Bank (Khalid), King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the Department of Medicine (Alayed), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the Department of Family and Community Medicine (BinMoammar, Alshobaili); from the Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine (Al-Shahrani), King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; and from the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Pediatrics, (Alsubaie), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Fahdah A. Alshobaili
- From the Department of Pediatrics (Alosaimi, Almazyad), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the College of Medicine Research Center (Alosaimi), King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Alhetheel, Hasanato), King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.; from the College of Medicine (Aleisa, Altwerki, Alenezy, Almutairi), King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the Blood Bank (Khalid), King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the Department of Medicine (Alayed), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the Department of Family and Community Medicine (BinMoammar, Alshobaili); from the Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine (Al-Shahrani), King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; and from the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Pediatrics, (Alsubaie), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Fatimah S. Al-Shahrani
- From the Department of Pediatrics (Alosaimi, Almazyad), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the College of Medicine Research Center (Alosaimi), King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Alhetheel, Hasanato), King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.; from the College of Medicine (Aleisa, Altwerki, Alenezy, Almutairi), King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the Blood Bank (Khalid), King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the Department of Medicine (Alayed), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the Department of Family and Community Medicine (BinMoammar, Alshobaili); from the Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine (Al-Shahrani), King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; and from the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Pediatrics, (Alsubaie), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Sarah Alsubaie
- From the Department of Pediatrics (Alosaimi, Almazyad), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the College of Medicine Research Center (Alosaimi), King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Alhetheel, Hasanato), King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.; from the College of Medicine (Aleisa, Altwerki, Alenezy, Almutairi), King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the Blood Bank (Khalid), King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the Department of Medicine (Alayed), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the Department of Family and Community Medicine (BinMoammar, Alshobaili); from the Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine (Al-Shahrani), King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; and from the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Pediatrics, (Alsubaie), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Rana M. Hasanato
- From the Department of Pediatrics (Alosaimi, Almazyad), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the College of Medicine Research Center (Alosaimi), King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Alhetheel, Hasanato), King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.; from the College of Medicine (Aleisa, Altwerki, Alenezy, Almutairi), King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the Blood Bank (Khalid), King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the Department of Medicine (Alayed), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the Department of Family and Community Medicine (BinMoammar, Alshobaili); from the Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine (Al-Shahrani), King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; and from the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Pediatrics, (Alsubaie), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
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Alsubaie S, Alshahrani H, Alshahrani A, Asiri A, Alfaifi A, Ibrahim RA, Alqahtani W. Denial attitude towards COVID-19 among general population in Saudi Arabia. Eur Psychiatry 2021. [PMCID: PMC9471480 DOI: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2021.795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction During the current crisis of COVID 19, recent studies evident that it has a huge impact on public mental health and individuals’ behavior. Objectives Our study aimed to estimate the prevalence of high denial attitude towards the emerging pandemic of COVID 19 among the general population of Saudi Arabia. Methods A cross-sectional online survey was conducted from April 3, 2020 to May 5, 2020. All participants (N= 1817) were asked to complete an online questionnaire survey that included socio-demographic and other variables, and Denial Attitude Questionnaire towards COVID-19 pandemic (DAQ-COVID-19). Results High denial attitude was prevalent among 728 (40.1 %) of the participants. It was associated with old age, being married, having low educational level, working in a non-medical professions, do not have a past history of infectious diseases, spending less than one hour following COVID-19 news, satisfied with the government procedures for COVID-19, and highly depressed and anxious respondents, where p-values were 0.001, 0.019, <0.001, 0.027, <0.001, <0.001, 0.004, 0.008, and 0.026; respectively. Conclusions About two out of five participants had high denial attitude. To our knowledge, the current study is the first study that tries to evaluate a high denial attitude during the initial COVID 19 outbreaks, especially in Saudi Arabia. However, further exploration in this field is needed. We suggest conducting such a study at the end of the current pandemic or in the second wave of the outbreak
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Temsah MH, Barry M, Aljamaan F, Alhuzaimi A, Al-Eyadhy A, Saddik B, Alrabiaah A, Alsohime F, Alhaboob A, Alhasan K, Alaraj A, Halwani R, Alamro NM, Al-Shahrani FS, Jamal A, Alsubaie S, Memish ZA, Al-Tawfiq JA. Adenovirus and RNA-based COVID-19 vaccines' perceptions and acceptance among healthcare workers in Saudi Arabia: a national survey. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e048586. [PMID: 34155080 PMCID: PMC8219485 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-048586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to compare the perception, confidence, hesitancy and acceptance rate of various COVID-19 vaccine types among healthcare workers (HCWs) in Saudi Arabia, a nation with Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus experience. DESIGN National cross-sectional, pilot-validated questionnaire. SETTING Online, self-administered questionnaire among HCWs. PARTICIPANTS A total of 2007 HCWs working in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia participated; 1512 (75.3%) participants completed the survey and were included in the analysis. INTERVENTION Data were collected through an online survey sent to HCWs during 1-15 November 2020. The main outcome measure was HCW acceptance of COVID-19 candidate vaccines. The associated factors of vaccination acceptance were identified through a logistic regression analysis and via measurement of the level of anxiety, using the Generalised Anxiety Disorder 7 scale. RESULTS Among the 1512 HCWs who were included, 62.4% were women, 70.3% were between 21 and 40 years of age, and the majority (62.2%) were from tertiary hospitals. In addition, 59.5% reported knowing about at least one vaccine; 24.4% of the participants were sure about their willingness to receive the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine, and 20.9% were willing to receive the RNA BNT162b2 vaccine. However, 18.3% reported that they would refuse to receive the Ad5-vectored vaccine, and 17.9% would refuse the Gam-COVID-Vac vaccine. Factors that influenced the differential readiness of HCWs included their perceptions of the vaccine's efficiency in preventing the infection (33%), their personal preferences (29%) and the vaccine's manufacturing country (28.6%). CONCLUSIONS Awareness by HCWs of the several COVID-19 candidate vaccines could improve their perceptions and acceptance of vaccination. Reliable sources on vaccine efficiency could improve vaccine uptake, so healthcare authorities should use reliable information to decrease vaccine hesitancy among frontline healthcare providers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad-Hani Temsah
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Pediatric Department, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mazin Barry
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Internal Medicine, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fadi Aljamaan
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Critical Care Department, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Alhuzaimi
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Cardiac Science Department, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayman Al-Eyadhy
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Pediatric Department, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Basema Saddik
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
| | - Abdulkarim Alrabiaah
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Pediatric Department, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad Alsohime
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Pediatric Department, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Alhaboob
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Pediatric Department, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Alhasan
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Pediatric Department, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Alaraj
- Department of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
- Dr.Suliman Alhabib Medical Group, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rabih Halwani
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
| | - Nurah Maziad Alamro
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatimah S Al-Shahrani
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Internal Medicine, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amr Jamal
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Evidence-Based Health Care & Knowledge Translation Research Chair, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah Alsubaie
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Pediatric Department, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ziad A Memish
- King Saud Medical City, Ministry of Health & Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Hubert Department of Global Health, Emory University Atlanta, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jaffar A Al-Tawfiq
- Specialty Internal Medicine and Quality Department, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
- Infectious Disease Division, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Infectious Disease Division, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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16
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Albarrak M, Alzomor O, Almaghrabi R, Alsubaie S, Alghamdi F, Bajouda A, Nojoom M, Faqeehi H, Rubeea SA, Alnafeesah R, Dolgum S, ALghoshimi M, AlHajjar S, AlShahrani D. Diagnosis and management of community-acquired urinary tract infection in infants and children: Clinical guidelines endorsed by the Saudi Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society (SPIDS). Int J Pediatr Adolesc Med 2021; 8:57-67. [PMID: 34084874 PMCID: PMC8144855 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpam.2021.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the most common bacterial disease in childhood worldwide and may have significant adverse consequences, particularly for young children. In this guideline, we provide the most up-to-date information for the diagnosis and management of community-acquired UTI in infants and children aged over 90 days up to 14 years. The current recommendations given by the American Academy of Pediatrics Practice guidelines, Canadian Pediatric Society guideline, and other international guidelines are considered as well as regional variations in susceptibility patterns and resources. This guideline covers the diagnosis, therapeutic options, and prophylaxis for the management of community-acquired UTI in children guided by our local antimicrobial resistance pattern of the most frequent urinary pathogens. Neonates, infants younger than three months, immunocompromised patients, children recurrent UTIs, or renal abnormalities should be managed individually because these patients may require more extensive investigation and more aggressive therapy and follow up, so it is considered out of the scope of these guidelines. Establishment of children-specific guidelines for the diagnosis and management of community-acquired UTI can reduce morbidity and mortality. We present a clinical statement from the Saudi Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society (SPIDS), which concerns the diagnosis and management of community-acquired UTI in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- May Albarrak
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar Alzomor
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, King Saud Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rana Almaghrabi
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah Alsubaie
- Department of Pediatrics, College of medicine, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal Alghamdi
- Pediatric Emergency, Children Specialized Hospital, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Pediatric Radiology, Medical Imaging, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asrar Bajouda
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha Nojoom
- Pediatric Radiology, Medical Imaging, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan Faqeehi
- Pediatric Nephrology, Children Specialized Hospital, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Subhy Abo Rubeea
- Pediatric Urology, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Razan Alnafeesah
- General Pediatric Department, Alyammamh Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed Dolgum
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Dr.Suliman ALhabib Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed ALghoshimi
- General Pediatrics Department, Children Specialized Hospital, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sami AlHajjar
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dayel AlShahrani
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Children Specialized Hospital, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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17
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Asdaq SMB, Jomah S, Hasan R, Al-Baroudi D, Alharbi M, Alsubaie S, Buhamad MH, Alyahya B, Al-Yamani MJ. Impact of polycystic ovary syndrome on eating behavior, depression and health related quality of life: A cross-sectional study in Riyadh. Saudi J Biol Sci 2020; 27:3342-3347. [PMID: 33304140 PMCID: PMC7715018 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.08.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background & objectives Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrinal disorder, and the greatest cause of infertility in women. Despite availability of individual data on impact of multiple endocrinal, reproductive and even metabolic factors in PCOS individuals, the data on the co-existence of BED and depression in PCOS patients with its relationship on the quality of life in Saudi Arabian females is not found. Hence this study is aimed to elucidate the implication of PCOS on eating behaviour, induction of depression and general health quality in Saudi Arabian population of Riyadh. Materials and methods This is a cross-sectional study carried out in multiple health facilities of Riyadh from January to March 2019. The study samples (494) were recruited by convenience sampling and administered validated questionnaire by trained research participants. The data obtained was analysed by binary logistic regression using SPSS-IBM 25. Results Of the total 494 women participated in the study, 23.48% (116) were PCOS individuals. The odds of developing abnormal health related quality of (HRQ) in patients with PCOS was significantly (P = 0.000, OR = 3.472) high when compared to non-PCOS participants. The odds of showing high binge eating disorder (BED, P = 0.007, OR = 2.856) and depression (P = 0.000, OR = 2.497) scores in PCOS participants were significantly more than patients who were not having PCOS. Out of the three parameters studied, abnormal health related quality of life possessed a higher influence of PCOS compared to depression and abnormal eating behavior. Interpretation & conclusion In conclusion, the present study shows that women with PCOS are at a significant risk for depressive disorders, disorganized eating behavior and impaired quality of life. Therefore, necessary care and screening is required to minimize the impact of PCOS on already burdened individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shahamah Jomah
- College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reem Hasan
- College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Mai Alharbi
- College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah Alsubaie
- College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Bdoor Alyahya
- College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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18
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Barry M, AlMohaya A, AlHijji A, Akkielah L, AlRajhi A, Almajid F, Alsharidi A, Al-Shahrani FS, Alotaibi NH, Alanazi A, Ghonem L, Alhetheel A, Alsubaie S, Memish ZA. Clinical Characteristics and Outcome of Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients in a MERS-CoV Endemic Area. J Epidemiol Glob Health 2020; 10:214-221. [PMID: 32954712 PMCID: PMC7509106 DOI: 10.2991/jegh.k.200806.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) reported 170,639 cases and 1430 deaths from COVID-19 since the first case emerged in the country on March 2 through June 25, 2020. The objective of this report is to describe the characteristics and outcome observed among 99 hospitalized COVID-19 patients in the largest academic hospital in KSA, and assess co-infection with the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV). Methods: This single-center case series data included select epidemiological, clinical, radiological features and laboratory findings of all confirmed hospitalized cases of COVID-19 in King Saud University Medical City (KSUMC), Riyadh, KSA, from March 22 until May 31, 2020, followed through June 6, 2020. We conducted retrospective analysis of listed data from 99 hospitalized patients and present characteristics and factors associated with severity in percentages and univariate odds ratios. Cases were confirmed using nasopharyngeal or throat swab by real-time Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and MERS-CoV by RT-PCR. Results: The 99 hospitalized COVID-19 patients included in this analysis constitute 16% of 632 positive SARS-CoV-2 among 6633 persons who were tested at the KSUMC (positivity rate, 9.4%). MERS-CoV PCR was negative in all 99 patients tested. The majority of these 99 hospitalized patients were males (66%), had a mean age of 44 years (range, 19–87), and a quarter (25.3%) were health care workers. Patients with comorbid conditions accounted for 52.5% of patients including the 8.1% who were asymptomatic; diabetes mellitus being the most frequent (31.3%), followed by hypertension (22.2%). The most common presenting symptoms were fever (67.7%), cough (60.6%), dyspnea (43.4%), upper respiratory symptoms (27.3%), fatigue (26.3%), diarrhea (19.2%) and loss of smell (9.1%). The clinical conditions among these 99 patients included upper respiratory tract infection (47.5%), abnormal chest X-ray, lymphopenia, high inflammatory markers a fifth (21%) of patients had moderate pneumonia, while 7% had severe pneumonia with 22.2% requiring admission to the intensive care unit and 12.1% died. Late presentation with severe disease, an abnormal chest X-ray, lymphopenia, high inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein, ferritin, and procalcitonin), and end organ damage (high creatinine or high aspartate aminotransferase) were predictors for admission to critical care unit or died. Conclusion: We observed no MERS-CoV co-infection in this early cohort of hospitalized COVID-19 patients who were relatively young, more than half had comorbid conditions, presented with fever and/or cough, an abnormal chest X-ray, lymphopenia, and high inflammatory markers. Given MERS-CoV endemicity in the country, co-monitoring of MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 coinfection is critical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mazin Barry
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - AbdulEllah AlMohaya
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali AlHijji
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Layan Akkielah
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz AlRajhi
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad Almajid
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aynaa Alsharidi
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatimah S Al-Shahrani
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naif H Alotaibi
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Awadh Alanazi
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Leen Ghonem
- Department of Pharmacy, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulkarim Alhetheel
- Microbiology Unit, Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah Alsubaie
- Pediatrics Infectious Disease Unit, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ziad A Memish
- Director Research and Innovation Centre, King Saud Medical City, Ministry of Health & College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
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19
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Alsubaie S, Hani Temsah M, Al-Eyadhy AA, Gossady I, Hasan GM, Al-Rabiaah A, Jamal AA, Alhaboob AA, Alsohime F, Somily AM. Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus epidemic impact on healthcare workers' risk perceptions, work and personal lives. J Infect Dev Ctries 2019; 13:920-926. [PMID: 32084023 DOI: 10.3855/jidc.11753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) continues to cause frequent outbreaks in hospitals in Saudi Arabia. Since healthcare workers (HCWs) have a higher risk of acquiring and spreading MERS-CoV, we aimed to evaluate the perceived risk and anxiety level of HCWs in Saudi Arabia regarding MERS. METHODOLOGY An anonymous, self-administered questionnaire was sent online to HCWs at King Khalid University Hospital in Saudi Arabia. The total knowledge and anxiety scores were calculated. Logistic regression analyses were used to identify predictors of high anxiety scores. RESULTS Of 591 (70%) HCWs that responded, 284 (55%), 164 (32%), and 68 (13.2%) were physicians, nurses, and technicians, respectively. Physicians obtained a lower median knowledge score (6/9) compared to other professions (7/9). The mean anxiety score was similar for physicians and other HCWs (3/5); however, non-physicians expressed higher levels of anxiety toward the risk of transmitting MERS-CoV to their families, with an anxiety score of 4/5. The ability of the virus to cause severe disease or death was the most frequently reported reason for worry by physicians (89.7%) and non-physicians (87.2%). Overall, 80% of physicians and 90% of non-physicians reported improvement in adherence to hand hygiene and standard precautions while in hospital (p = 0.002). Concern over transmitting MERS-CoV to family members was the most predictive factor for anxiety among non-physician HCWs. CONCLUSION A significant proportion of HCWs expressed anxiety about the risk of acquiring MERS-CoV infection. Healthcare institutions need to develop an integrated psychological response for HCWs to the occupational and psychological challenge of MERS-CoV outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Alsubaie
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | | | | | - Ibrahim Gossady
- Departments of Family and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Gamal M Hasan
- Pediatric Department, Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | | | - Amr A Jamal
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ali An Alhaboob
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Fahad Alsohime
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ali M Somily
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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20
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Alsubaie S, Alrabiaah A. Clinical Characteristics, Acute Complications, and Neurologic Outcomes of Salmonella Meningitis in Saudi Infants and Children. J PEDIAT INF DIS-GER 2019. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1696977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to clarify the clinical presentations, acute complications, and long-term sequelae of Salmonella meningitis in Saudi infants and children.
Methods This retrospective study, conducted from 1999 to 2016, evaluated the neurological complications and long-term outcomes of children 14 years of age and younger diagnosed with Salmonella meningitis at King Khalid University Hospital. All affected children had 3 years of follow-up to assess neurologic complications and mortality.
Results Invasive Salmonella infection occurred in 141 patients. Of those, 14 (10%) had meningitis. The median age of onset of infection was 4.7 months. The most frequent symptoms at presentation included fever (100%), seizures (71%), diarrhea, and vomiting (43%). Nontyphoidal Salmonella species were isolated in all (but one) cerebrospinal fluid samples. Relapse occurred in four patients owing to inadequate antibiotic duration, although the organisms were susceptible to ceftriaxone. The majority of patients (86%) developed acute neurologic complications, including subdural empyema and multiple cerebral infarcts (57%), hydrocephalus (36%), ventriculitis (29%), and cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (21%). Four patients (28.5%) died due to Salmonella meningitis complications. Four patients survived with full recovery. Six patients (60%) had long-term neurologic complications. Hydrocephalus, cerebral palsy, developmental delay, and epilepsy occurred in five, four, three, and three patients, respectively.
Conclusion Salmonella meningitis results in significant mortality and adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes. The probability of relapse after an apparent recovery should be considered. Consensus on antibiotic treatment for Salmonella meningitis is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Alsubaie
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulkarim Alrabiaah
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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21
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Alsubaie S, Dolgum S, Binkhamis K, Alweijri I, Bugshan A, Alzamil F. Finegoldia magna causing intramedullary thoracic spinal cord abscess in an infant. Anaerobe 2019; 56:57-60. [PMID: 30738869 DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2019.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Spinal intramedullary abscesses are rare and potentially devastating lesions. Infection is mostly caused by staphylococci. Anaerobes are rare and often polymicrobial. We report an unusual case of spinal cord intramedullary abscess in a 7-month-old infant with monomicrobial infection due to Finegoldia magna. She was found to have a missed congenital thoracic dermal sinus. The patient was treated with metronidazole and ceftriaxone for 8 weeks, and improvement of the infection was documented. Clinical awareness of patients at risk is crucial for early diagnosis and intervention. As detection methods continue to improve for Finegoldia magna, it is important to increase awareness of the pathogenic role of this organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Alsubaie
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Pediatric, King Saud University Medical City, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Saeed Dolgum
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Pediatric, King Saud University Medical City, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalifa Binkhamis
- Microbiology Unit, Department of Pathology, King Saud University Medical City, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ikhlass Alweijri
- Pediatric Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, King Saud University Medical City, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amani Bugshan
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Pediatric, King Saud University Medical City, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad Alzamil
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Pediatric, King Saud University Medical City, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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22
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Alsubaie S, Anwar Z, Alhadidi M, Alsaadi B, Alsaadi M. Underlying Characteristics and Outcome of Extensively Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Infection and Colonization in a Saudi Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. JCS 2019. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1700526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
AbstractExtensively drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (XDRAB) is a rapidly emerging pathogen causing threat to health care settings. The resultant morbidity and mortality rates are high due to limited therapeutic options. The present study demonstrates the characteristics of neonates, infected or colonized with XDRAB, antibiotic susceptibility patterns of the isolates, and neonatal outcomes. This retrospective study was conducted in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of Dallah hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia during the period January 2015 to December 2017. All neonates with positive XDRAB cultures from any location in the body were included, infected and colonized cases were compared. XDRAB was isolated from 16 neonates. Seventy-five percent of the affected neonates were preterm, with a median gestational age and birth weight of 32.5 weeks and 1,675 g, respectively. The median time to XDRAB infection/colonization for all cases was 14 days. Seventy-five percent of the cases had central venous catheters and 50 percent had surgery/procedure performed during stay in NICU. Half of the affected neonates had underlying congenital anomalies and chronic medical conditions. Fourteen affected neonates (87%) received prior courses of cefotaxime. In 15 of 16 cases, XDRAB infection manifested clinically as late-onset sepsis with bacteremia and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). XDRAB isolates were resistant to all β-lactams and carbapenems. Resistance rate to other antibiotics was 93% for gentamicin and 50% for ciprofloxacin. All XDRAB isolates were susceptible to colistin. Seventy-five percent of the infected neonates died due to XDRAB sepsis, while 37% of the colonized group died of other underlying diseases. Fifty percent of the infected neonates died within 4 days of XDRAB infection. Prematurity, low birth weight, the use of vascular devices, and prior use of cefotaxime played a major role in XDRAB infection/colonization in our unit. It is crucial to consider early start of colistin, either alone or in combination therapy, especially for the neonates at high risk, for example, those with certain underlying chronic conditions who manifest with late-onset sepsis and/or VAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Alsubaie
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Infectious Diseases Unit, King Saud University Medical City, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zahid Anwar
- Neonatology Unit, Dallah Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Neonatal Services Section, Fatima Memorial Hospital and Medical College, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mohamed Alhadidi
- Infection Control Department, Dallah Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Boshra Alsaadi
- Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrhman University, College of Medicine, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muslim Alsaadi
- Neonatology Unit, Dallah Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pediatrics, Pulmonology Unit, King Saud University Medical City, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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23
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Aljizeeri A, Alali Alfaris M, Ahmed D, Farea J, Elneama A, Suliman I, Aldosari M, Aleissa H, Alarjani N, Alsubaie S, Alsaileek A, Alharthi M, Ahmed A, Fielding H, Al-Mallah M. P3709Normal myocardial perfusion imaging on rubidium-82 positron emission tomography exclude the need for revascularization in patients with high calcium score. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy563.p3709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A Aljizeeri
- King Abdul Aziz Medical City, King Abdulaziz Cardiac Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - M Alali Alfaris
- King Abdul Aziz Medical City, King Abdulaziz Cardiac Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - D Ahmed
- King Abdul Aziz Medical City, King Abdulaziz Cardiac Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - J Farea
- King Abdul Aziz Medical City, King Abdulaziz Cardiac Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - A Elneama
- King Abdul Aziz Medical City, King Abdulaziz Cardiac Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - I Suliman
- King Abdul Aziz Medical City, King Abdulaziz Cardiac Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - M Aldosari
- King Abdul Aziz Medical City, Department of Medical Imaging, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - H Aleissa
- King Abdul Aziz Medical City, King Abdulaziz Cardiac Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - N Alarjani
- King Abdul Aziz Medical City, King Abdulaziz Cardiac Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - S Alsubaie
- King Abdul Aziz Medical City, King Abdulaziz Cardiac Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - A Alsaileek
- King Abdul Aziz Medical City, King Abdulaziz Cardiac Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - M Alharthi
- King Abdul Aziz Medical City, King Abdulaziz Cardiac Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - A Ahmed
- King Abdul Aziz Medical City, King Abdulaziz Cardiac Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - H Fielding
- King Abdul Aziz Medical City, Department of Medical Imaging, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - M Al-Mallah
- King Abdul Aziz Medical City, King Abdulaziz Cardiac Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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24
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Aljizeeri A, Alali Alfaris M, Ahmed D, Farea J, Elneama A, Suliman I, Aldosari M, Aleissa H, Alarjani N, Alsubaie S, Alsaileek A, Alharthi M, Ahmed A, Fielding H, Al-Mallah M. P4698Prognostic value of left ventricular ejection fraction reserve in patients with normal myocardial perfusion imaging. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy563.p4698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A Aljizeeri
- King Abdul Aziz Medical City, King Abdulaziz Cardiac Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - M Alali Alfaris
- King Abdul Aziz Medical City, King Abdulaziz Cardiac Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - D Ahmed
- King Abdul Aziz Medical City, King Abdulaziz Cardiac Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - J Farea
- King Abdul Aziz Medical City, King Abdulaziz Cardiac Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - A Elneama
- King Abdul Aziz Medical City, King Abdulaziz Cardiac Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - I Suliman
- King Abdul Aziz Medical City, King Abdulaziz Cardiac Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - M Aldosari
- King Abdul Aziz Medical City, Department of Medical Imaging, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - H Aleissa
- King Abdul Aziz Medical City, King Abdulaziz Cardiac Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - N Alarjani
- King Abdul Aziz Medical City, King Abdulaziz Cardiac Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - S Alsubaie
- King Abdul Aziz Medical City, King Abdulaziz Cardiac Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - A Alsaileek
- King Abdul Aziz Medical City, King Abdulaziz Cardiac Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - M Alharthi
- King Abdul Aziz Medical City, King Abdulaziz Cardiac Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - A Ahmed
- King Abdul Aziz Medical City, King Abdulaziz Cardiac Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - H Fielding
- King Abdul Aziz Medical City, Department of Medical Imaging, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - M Al-Mallah
- King Abdul Aziz Medical City, King Abdulaziz Cardiac Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Abouelkheir M, Alsubaie S. Pediatric acute kidney injury induced by concomitant vancomycin and piperacillin-tazobactam. Pediatr Int 2018; 60:136-141. [PMID: 29181890 DOI: 10.1111/ped.13463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Revised: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vancomycin is very commonly used in combination with piperacillin-tazobactam (PTZ) as the initial empiric treatment for moderate-severe infection, whenever coverage for both methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa is required. The combination of vancomycin and PTZ in adults has recently been reported to significantly increase the risk of acute kidney injury (AKI) relative to vancomycin monotherapy; such reports in pediatrics, however, are sparse. METHODS A retrospective chart review was conducted of pediatric patients, aged 0-14 years, who were admitted to the general wards or intensive care unit and developed AKI after receiving vancomycin and PTZ concomitantly for >48 h. AKI is defined as a decrease in estimated glomerular filtration rate ≥50% from baseline. Cases were identified by reviewing the Adverse Drug Reaction program database at King Saud University Medical City in Saudi Arabia from January 2015 to June 2016. RESULTS Eight children admitted to the present hospital and who received concomitant vancomycin and PTZ treatment for pneumonia (n = 7) or febrile neutropenia (n = 1) developed drug-induced nephrotoxicity. Drug Interaction Probability Scale (DIPS) score for causation assessment was 9 in all cases (highly probable). CONCLUSION Caution in utilizing the combination of vancomycin and PTZ is warranted in pediatric patients. Health-care professionals should be vigilant if this combination is to be initiated, and ensure close monitoring of renal function. Antibiotic therapy de-escalation should be considered as soon as culture results are available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manal Abouelkheir
- Pediatric Clinical Pharmacy Services, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah Alsubaie
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Pediatrics, King Saud University Medical City, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Alzomor O, Alhajjar S, Aljobair F, Alenizi A, Alodyani A, Alzahrani M, Aljubab A, Al Banyan E, Alshehri M, Alfwaz T, Alghoshimi M, Alhammadi M, Almazer Y, Elsidig N, Alghamdi F, Alsubaie S, Alshahrani D. Management of community-acquired pneumonia in infants and children: Clinical practice guidelines endorsed by the Saudi Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society. Int J Pediatr Adolesc Med 2017; 4:153-158. [PMID: 30805522 PMCID: PMC6372484 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpam.2017.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Omar Alzomor
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Children Specialized Hospital, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sami Alhajjar
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad Aljobair
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, King Saud Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Alenizi
- Pediatric Pulmonology, King Saud Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdularahman Alodyani
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Alzahrani
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Security Forces Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulwahab Aljubab
- Pediatric Surgery, Children Specialized Hospital, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Esam Al Banyan
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, King Abdulaziz Medical City, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Alshehri
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Children Specialized Hospital, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tariq Alfwaz
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Children Specialized Hospital, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Alghoshimi
- General Pediatrics, Children Specialized Hospital, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Moza Alhammadi
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Dubai Hospital, Dubai Health Authority, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Yousef Almazer
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Adan Hospital, Ministry of Health, Kuwait
| | - Nagi Elsidig
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital (SQUH), Muscat, Oman
| | - Faisal Alghamdi
- Pediatric Emergency, Children Specialized Hospital, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah Alsubaie
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, King Khaled University Hospital, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dayel Alshahrani
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Children Specialized Hospital, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Al-Hazmi A, Gosadi I, Somily A, Alsubaie S, Bin Saeed A. Knowledge, attitude and practice of secondary schools and university students toward Middle East Respiratory Syndrome epidemic in Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study. Saudi J Biol Sci 2016; 25:572-577. [PMID: 29686521 PMCID: PMC5910645 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2016.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Revised: 01/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was aiming to investigate the knowledge, practice and attitudes of secondary school and university students toward MERS-CoV infection. This is a cross-sectional study conducted in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Study participants were recruited from several constituent colleges of King Saud University and secondary schools in Riyadh. Data were collected using self-administered, closed-ended questionnaires. Frequencies and proportions were computed for descriptive purposes. Chi square test was utilized to depict statistical difference between groups. Among the 1109 students who answered the questionnaires, 53.1% were male, and 46.9% were female. Level of knowledge about clinical presentation of MERS is generally similar among university and school students. The most frequently reported source of transmission is entering crowded spaces and being exposed to coughing and sneezing. Additionally, hand washing was the most commonly reported method of protection against the infection. The localized spread of MERS in Saudi Arabia and the number of fatalities associated with it might have increased public interest in understanding how to maintain proper precautionary measures both on a community and on an individual level. More emphasis should be placed on educating the student participants about preventive measures such as using tissues when sneezing and coughing and proper tissue disposal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Al-Hazmi
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim Gosadi
- Prince Sattam Chair for Epidemiology and Public Health Research, Community Medicine Unit, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Somily
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah Alsubaie
- Department of Paediatrics, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz Bin Saeed
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Memish ZA, Al-Tawfiq JA, Makhdoom HQ, Assiri A, Alhakeem RF, Albarrak A, Alsubaie S, Al-Rabeeah AA, Hajomar WH, Hussain R, Kheyami AM, Almutairi A, Azhar EI, Drosten C, Watson SJ, Kellam P, Cotten M, Zumla A. Respiratory tract samples, viral load, and genome fraction yield in patients with Middle East respiratory syndrome. J Infect Dis 2014; 210:1590-4. [PMID: 24837403 PMCID: PMC7107391 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiu292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2014] [Accepted: 05/06/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Analysis of clinical samples from patients with new viral infections is critical to confirm the diagnosis, to specify the viral load, and to sequence data necessary for characterizing the viral kinetics, transmission, and evolution. We analyzed samples from 112 patients infected with the recently discovered Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). METHODS Respiratory tract samples from cases of MERS-CoV infection confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were investigated to determine the MERS-CoV load and fraction of the MERS-CoV genome. These values were analyzed to determine associations with clinical sample type. RESULTS Samples from 112 individuals in which MERS-CoV was detected by PCR were analyzed, of which 13 were sputum samples, 64 were nasopharyngeal swab specimens, 30 were tracheal aspirates, and 3 were bronchoalveolar lavage specimens; 2 samples were of unknown origin. Tracheal aspirates yielded significantly higher MERS-CoV loads, compared with nasopharyngeal swab specimens (P = .005) and sputum specimens (P = .0001). Tracheal aspirates had viral loads similar to those in bronchoalveolar lavage samples (P = .3079). Bronchoalveolar lavage samples and tracheal aspirates had significantly higher genome fraction than nasopharyngeal swab specimens (P = .0095 and P = .0002, respectively) and sputum samples (P = .0009 and P = .0001, respectively). The genome yield from tracheal aspirates and bronchoalveolar lavage samples were similar (P = .1174). CONCLUSIONS Lower respiratory tract samples yield significantly higher MERS-CoV loads and genome fractions than upper respiratory tract samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziad A. Memish
- Global Centre for Mass Gatherings Medicine and Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and College of Medicine, Alfaisal University,
| | - Jaffar A. Al-Tawfiq
- Saudi Aramco Medical Services Organization, Dhahran
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis
| | - Hatem Q. Makhdoom
- Regional Laboratory, Ministry of Health
- Regional Laboratory, Ministry of Health
- Regional Laboratory, Ministry of Health, Madinah
- Regional Laboratory, Ministry of Health, Dammam, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Assiri
- Global Centre for Mass Gatherings Medicine and Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and College of Medicine, Alfaisal University,
| | - Raafat F. Alhakeem
- Global Centre for Mass Gatherings Medicine and Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and College of Medicine, Alfaisal University,
| | | | - Sarah Alsubaie
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, King Saud University, Riyadh
| | - Abdullah A. Al-Rabeeah
- Global Centre for Mass Gatherings Medicine and Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and College of Medicine, Alfaisal University,
| | - Waleed H. Hajomar
- Regional Laboratory, Ministry of Health
- Regional Laboratory, Ministry of Health
- Regional Laboratory, Ministry of Health, Madinah
- Regional Laboratory, Ministry of Health, Dammam, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Raheela Hussain
- Regional Laboratory, Ministry of Health
- Regional Laboratory, Ministry of Health
- Regional Laboratory, Ministry of Health, Madinah
- Regional Laboratory, Ministry of Health, Dammam, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali M. Kheyami
- Regional Laboratory, Ministry of Health
- Regional Laboratory, Ministry of Health
- Regional Laboratory, Ministry of Health, Madinah
- Regional Laboratory, Ministry of Health, Dammam, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Almutairi
- Regional Laboratory, Ministry of Health
- Regional Laboratory, Ministry of Health
- Regional Laboratory, Ministry of Health, Madinah
- Regional Laboratory, Ministry of Health, Dammam, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Esam I. Azhar
- Special Infectious Diseases Agents Unit, King Fahad Medical Research Center, King Abdualziz University, Jeddah
| | | | | | | | | | - Alimuddin Zumla
- Global Centre for Mass Gatherings Medicine and Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and College of Medicine, Alfaisal University,
- Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London (UCL), and UCL Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust, United Kingdom
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Memish ZA, Al-Tawfiq JA, Makhdoom HQ, Al-Rabeeah AA, Assiri A, Alhakeem RF, AlRabiah FA, Al Hajjar S, Albarrak A, Flemban H, Balkhy H, Barry M, Alhassan S, Alsubaie S, Zumla A. Screening for Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection in hospital patients and their healthcare worker and family contacts: a prospective descriptive study. Clin Microbiol Infect 2014; 20:469-74. [PMID: 24460984 PMCID: PMC7128421 DOI: 10.1111/1469-0691.12562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2013] [Accepted: 01/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The Saudi Arabian Ministry of Health implemented a pro-active surveillance programme for Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) coronavirus (MERS-CoV). We report MERS-CoV data from 5065 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia individuals who were screened for MERS-CoV over a 12-month period. From 1 October 2012 to 30 September 2013, demographic and clinical data were prospectively collected from all laboratory forms received at the Saudi Arabian Virology reference laboratory. Data were analysed by referral type, age, gender, and MERS-CoV real-time PCR test results. Five thousand and 65 individuals were screened for MER-CoV: hospitalized patients with suspected MERS-CoV infection (n = 2908, 57.4%), healthcare worker (HCW) contacts (n = 1695; 33.5%), and family contacts of laboratory-confirmed MERS cases (n = 462; 9.1%). Eleven per cent of persons tested were children (<17 years of age). There were 108 cases (99 adults and nine children) of MERS-CoV infection detected during the 12-month period (108/5065, 2% case detection rate). Of 108 cases, 45 were females (six children and 39 adults) and 63 were males (three children and 60 adults). Of the 99 adults with MERS-CoV infection, 70 were hospitalized patients, 19 were HCW contacts, and ten were family contacts. There were no significant increases in MERS-CoV detection rates over the 12-month period: 2.6% (19/731) in July 2013, 1.7% (19/1100) in August 2013, and 1.69% (21/1238) in September 2013. Male patients had a significantly higher MERS-CoV infection rate (63/2318, 2.7%) than females (45/2747, 1.6%) (p 0.013). MERS-CoV rates remain at low levels, with no significant increase over time. Pro-active surveillance for MERS-CoV in newly diagnosed patients and their contacts will continue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z A Memish
- Global Centre for Mass Gatherings Medicine (GCMGM), Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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30
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Cotten M, Watson SJ, Kellam P, Al-Rabeeah AA, Makhdoom HQ, Assiri A, Al-Tawfiq JA, Alhakeem RF, Madani H, AlRabiah FA, Al Hajjar S, Al-nassir WN, Albarrak A, Flemban H, Balkhy HH, Alsubaie S, Palser AL, Gall A, Bashford-Rogers R, Rambaut A, Zumla AI, Memish ZA. Transmission and evolution of the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus in Saudi Arabia: a descriptive genomic study. Lancet 2013. [PMID: 24055451 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-67361361887-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since June, 2012, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) has, worldwide, caused 104 infections in people including 49 deaths, with 82 cases and 41 deaths reported from Saudi Arabia. In addition to confirming diagnosis, we generated the MERS-CoV genomic sequences obtained directly from patient samples to provide important information on MERS-CoV transmission, evolution, and origin. METHODS Full genome deep sequencing was done on nucleic acid extracted directly from PCR-confirmed clinical samples. Viral genomes were obtained from 21 MERS cases of which 13 had 100%, four 85-95%, and four 30-50% genome coverage. Phylogenetic analysis of the 21 sequences, combined with nine published MERS-CoV genomes, was done. FINDINGS Three distinct MERS-CoV genotypes were identified in Riyadh. Phylogeographic analyses suggest the MERS-CoV zoonotic reservoir is geographically disperse. Selection analysis of the MERS-CoV genomes reveals the expected accumulation of genetic diversity including changes in the S protein. The genetic diversity in the Al-Hasa cluster suggests that the hospital outbreak might have had more than one virus introduction. INTERPRETATION We present the largest number of MERS-CoV genomes (21) described so far. MERS-CoV full genome sequences provide greater detail in tracking transmission. Multiple introductions of MERS-CoV are identified and suggest lower R0 values. Transmission within Saudi Arabia is consistent with either movement of an animal reservoir, animal products, or movement of infected people. Further definition of the exposures responsible for the sporadic introductions of MERS-CoV into human populations is urgently needed. FUNDING Saudi Arabian Ministry of Health, Wellcome Trust, European Community, and National Institute of Health Research University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Paul Kellam
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK; Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, UK
| | - Abdullah A Al-Rabeeah
- Global Centre for Mass Gatherings Medicine, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hatem Q Makhdoom
- Jeddah Regional Laboratory, Ministry of Health, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Assiri
- Global Centre for Mass Gatherings Medicine, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jaffar A Al-Tawfiq
- Saudi Aramco Medical Services Organisation, Saudi Aramco, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rafat F Alhakeem
- Global Centre for Mass Gatherings Medicine, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hossam Madani
- Jeddah Regional Laboratory, Ministry of Health, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Wafa N Al-nassir
- Imam Abdulrahman Bin Mohamed Hospital-National Guard Health Affairs-Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Albarrak
- Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Sarah Alsubaie
- Paediatric Infectious Diseases, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Astrid Gall
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
| | | | - Andrew Rambaut
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, Ashworth Laboratories, Kings Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, UK; Fogarty International Center, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Alimuddin I Zumla
- Global Centre for Mass Gatherings Medicine, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, UK; UCL Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Ziad A Memish
- Global Centre for Mass Gatherings Medicine, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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Cotten M, Watson SJ, Kellam P, Al-Rabeeah AA, Makhdoom HQ, Assiri A, Al-Tawfiq JA, Alhakeem RF, Madani H, AlRabiah FA, Al Hajjar S, Al-nassir WN, Albarrak A, Flemban H, Balkhy HH, Alsubaie S, Palser AL, Gall A, Bashford-Rogers R, Rambaut A, Zumla AI, Memish ZA. Transmission and evolution of the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus in Saudi Arabia: a descriptive genomic study. Lancet 2013; 382:1993-2002. [PMID: 24055451 PMCID: PMC3898949 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(13)61887-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 242] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since June, 2012, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) has, worldwide, caused 104 infections in people including 49 deaths, with 82 cases and 41 deaths reported from Saudi Arabia. In addition to confirming diagnosis, we generated the MERS-CoV genomic sequences obtained directly from patient samples to provide important information on MERS-CoV transmission, evolution, and origin. METHODS Full genome deep sequencing was done on nucleic acid extracted directly from PCR-confirmed clinical samples. Viral genomes were obtained from 21 MERS cases of which 13 had 100%, four 85-95%, and four 30-50% genome coverage. Phylogenetic analysis of the 21 sequences, combined with nine published MERS-CoV genomes, was done. FINDINGS Three distinct MERS-CoV genotypes were identified in Riyadh. Phylogeographic analyses suggest the MERS-CoV zoonotic reservoir is geographically disperse. Selection analysis of the MERS-CoV genomes reveals the expected accumulation of genetic diversity including changes in the S protein. The genetic diversity in the Al-Hasa cluster suggests that the hospital outbreak might have had more than one virus introduction. INTERPRETATION We present the largest number of MERS-CoV genomes (21) described so far. MERS-CoV full genome sequences provide greater detail in tracking transmission. Multiple introductions of MERS-CoV are identified and suggest lower R0 values. Transmission within Saudi Arabia is consistent with either movement of an animal reservoir, animal products, or movement of infected people. Further definition of the exposures responsible for the sporadic introductions of MERS-CoV into human populations is urgently needed. FUNDING Saudi Arabian Ministry of Health, Wellcome Trust, European Community, and National Institute of Health Research University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Paul Kellam
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK; Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, UK
| | - Abdullah A Al-Rabeeah
- Global Centre for Mass Gatherings Medicine, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hatem Q Makhdoom
- Jeddah Regional Laboratory, Ministry of Health, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Assiri
- Global Centre for Mass Gatherings Medicine, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jaffar A Al-Tawfiq
- Saudi Aramco Medical Services Organisation, Saudi Aramco, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rafat F Alhakeem
- Global Centre for Mass Gatherings Medicine, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hossam Madani
- Jeddah Regional Laboratory, Ministry of Health, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Wafa N Al-nassir
- Imam Abdulrahman Bin Mohamed Hospital-National Guard Health Affairs-Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Albarrak
- Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Sarah Alsubaie
- Paediatric Infectious Diseases, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Astrid Gall
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
| | | | - Andrew Rambaut
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, Ashworth Laboratories, Kings Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, UK; Fogarty International Center, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Alimuddin I Zumla
- Global Centre for Mass Gatherings Medicine, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, UK; UCL Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Ziad A Memish
- Global Centre for Mass Gatherings Medicine, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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Alsubaie S, Maither AB, Alalmaei W, Al-Shammari AD, Tashkandi M, Somily AM, Alaska A, BinSaeed AA. Determinants of hand hygiene noncompliance in intensive care units. Am J Infect Control 2013; 41:131-5. [PMID: 22863122 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2012.02.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2011] [Revised: 02/23/2012] [Accepted: 02/23/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hand hygiene (HH) is single most effective preventive measure for health care-associated infection, but compliance rates remain low. This study estimated HH compliance among health care workers (HCWs) and examined factors associated with noncompliance. METHODS An observational study design was carried out in 5 intensive care units (ICUs) at the University Hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Among 242 HCWs, a total of 3,940 HH opportunities were observed by 6 trained medical interns and students. The World Health Organization's "Five Moments for Hand Hygiene" procedure was used as a basis for the observations. RESULTS The overall observed noncompliance rate was 58%. The factors associated with noncompliance were HCW job title (physicians, odds ratio [OR], 2.8; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.8-4.2; allied health professionals, OR, 2.9, 95% CI, 1.9-4.6); working the a.m. shift (OR, 1.5; 95% CI, 1.3-1.8), working in a pediatric ICU (OR, 1.8; 95% CI, 1.5-2.2), and performance of HH before patient contact (OR, 4.5; 95% CI, 2.6-7.8). CONCLUSIONS Overall HH noncompliance was high in ICUs of this hospital. The demanding ICU work setting was an important factor associated with noncompliance. HH compliance was highest among therapists and technicians because of fewer patient interactions and thus fewer HH noncompliance opportunities per person. Further studies on the relationship between work environment demands and HH compliance rates are needed.
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Alsubaie S, Bahkali K, Somily AM, Alzamil F, Alrabiaah A, Alaska A, Alkhattaf F, Kambal A, Al-Qahtani AA, Al-Ahdal MN. Nosocomial transmission of community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a well-infant nursery of a teaching hospital. Pediatr Int 2012; 54:786-92. [PMID: 22640461 DOI: 10.1111/j.1442-200x.2012.03673.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Infection due to community-acquired strains of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) has been reported with increasing frequency. Herein is described the nosocomial transmission of CA-MRSA involving 13 neonates and two mothers in a well-infant nursery in a teaching hospital in Saudi Arabia. METHODS From October to November 2009, temporally related cases of CA-MRSA skin and soft-tissue infection occurred in newborns shortly after discharge from a well-infant nursery. An outbreak investigation including case identification, review of medical records, staff screening, environmental cultures, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, and a case-control study were conducted. Controls were selected from among asymptomatic neonates admitted to the same nursery and matched for the day of admission. RESULTS Fifteen subjects were found to be CA-MRSA positive: 13 neonates and two mothers. The crude attack rate among neonates was 5.5% during the outbreak period. All 13 neonates presented with skin and soft-tissue infection; one of the mothers had mastitis and a breast abscess. The source of the outbreak was not evident. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis showed that all of the tested isolates from one strain except one, all contained the staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) type IV. CONCLUSION MRSA strains that initially emerged in the community are now causing disease in health-care settings. Adherence to standard infection control practices, including consistent hand hygiene, in newborn nurseries is important to prevent transmission in such settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Alsubaie
- Departments of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, King Saud University and King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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Bukhari E, Alzahrani M, Alsubaie S, Alrabiaah A, Alzamil F. Bacillus Calmette-Guerin lymphadenitis: a 6-year experience in two Saudi hospitals. INDIAN J PATHOL MICR 2012; 55:202-5. [PMID: 22771644 DOI: 10.4103/0377-4929.97869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The World Health Organization (WHO) has recommended Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccination as a part of the global expanded program for immunization. Although the BCG vaccine is usually a safe vaccine, a number of complications with lymphadenitis being the most common complication, can occur. AIM We evaluated the frequency, the clinical presentation and treatment modalities of lymphadenitis after BCG vaccine in Saudi children. RESULTS A total of 145 patients with BCG lymphadenitis presented between January 2005 and December 2010. In the majority (103) of the cases, the lymphadenitis involved ipsilateral left axillary nodes. Other sites of involvement included the left supraclavicular lymph nodes in 26 (18%) patients, and both the left axillary and supraclavicular lymph nodes were involved in 7 cases (4.8%). A total of 75 patients (65%) were given antituberculous medication. Eight (27%) patients had positive acid-fast bacilli and positive cultures for Mycobacterium bovis. CONCLUSION In light of the findings of this study, it would be advisable to administer the BCG vaccine in Saudi Arabia at a time later than at birth, as the younger children are commonly affected.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Bukhari
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine and King Khalid University Hospital, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Alsultan A, Raddaoui E, Osman ME, Othman S, Khalifah M, Alsubaie S. Sarcoidosis presenting with massive splenomegaly in a child with a history of iridocyclitis and sensorineural deafness. Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2010; 27:490-5. [PMID: 20615071 DOI: 10.3109/08880018.2010.493576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Childhood sarcoidosis is a rare multisystemic disorder that can have variable clinical presentations. A triad of skin, eye, and joint involvement is common in children younger than 5 years; however, pulmonary disease is more common in older children, similar to adults. The authors report the case of a 10-year-old girl who presented solely with massive splenomegaly. Her history was significant for iridocyclitis and unilateral sensorineural deafness at 6 and 7 years of age, respectively. A gallium scan showed diffuse splenic uptake, and the pathology of the spleen was consistent with a noncaseating granuloma, with no evidence of malignancy. A work-up for infectious etiology was unremarkable. This case demonstrates that the challenge in diagnosing sarcoidosis in young children stems from its ability to present in several unique clinical scenarios. It also reinforces the importance of tissue evaluation and the exclusion of other differential diagnoses, such as lymphoma, to confirm the diagnosis of sarcoidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulrahman Alsultan
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, King Saud University and King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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Almuneef MA, Memish ZA, Balkhy HH, Alotaibi B, Algoda S, Abbas M, Alsubaie S. Importance of screening household members of acute brucellosis cases in endemic areas. Epidemiol Infect 2004; 132:533-40. [PMID: 15188722 PMCID: PMC2870132 DOI: 10.1017/s0950268803001857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Isolated reports of brucellosis among family members have been documented. The aim of this study is to determine if active serological screening of the households' members of acute brucellosis cases will detect additional unrecognized cases. From May 2000 to October 2001, patients with acute brucellosis were enrolled and their household members were serologically screened for brucellosis using the Standard Agglutination Test (SAT). Fifty-five index cases with acute brucellosis and 404 household members were enrolled. The majority of index cases (48%) were young adults, and 79% were illiterate. Ownership of animals and ingestion of unpasteurized raw milk were reported by 45 and 75% of the index cases respectively. Of the 55 families screened, 23 (42%) had two family members or more with serological evidence of brucellosis and 32 (58%) had only the index case. Households of > or = 5 members and a history of raw-milk ingestion by family members were risk factors associated with the seropositives (P < 0.05). Of the 404 household members screened, 53 (13%) were seropositive; of these 39 (74%) were symptomatic, and 9 (35%) had brucella bacteraemia. Symptomatic seropositives tended to have bacteraemia and higher brucella antibody titres compared to asymptomatic seropositives (P < or = 0.05). Screening family members of an index case of acute brucellosis will detect additional cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Almuneef
- Department of Infection Prevention and Control, King Abdulaziz Medical City, King Fahad National Guard Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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