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Yu Chan S, Fitzgerald E, Ming Ngoh Z, Lee J, Chuah J, Shu Ming Chia J, Fortier MV, Huiwen Tham E, Zhou JH, Silveira PP, Meaney MJ, Peng Tan A. Examining the associations between microglia genetic capacity, early life exposures and white matter development at the level of the individual. Brain Behav Immun 2024:S0889-1591(24)00387-8. [PMID: 38677627 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2024.04.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
There are inter-individual differences in susceptibility to the influence of early life experiences for which the underlying neurobiological mechanisms are poorly understood. Microglia play a role in environmental surveillance and may influence individual susceptibility to environmental factors. As an index of neurodevelopment, we estimated individual slopes of mean white matter fractional anisotropy (WM-FA) across three time-points (age 4.5, 6.0, and 7.5 years) for 351 participants. Individual variation in microglia reactivity was derived from an expression-based polygenic score(ePGS) comprised of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) functionally related to the expression of microglia-enriched genes.A higher ePGS denotes an increased genetic capacity for the expression of microglia-related genes, and thus may confer a greater capacity to respond to the early environment and to influence brain development. We hypothesized that this ePGS would associate with the WM-FA index of neurodevelopment and moderate the influence of early environmental factors.Our findings show sex dependency, where a significant association between WM-FA and microglia ePGS was only obtained for females.We then examined associations with perinatal factors known to decrease (optimal birth outcomes and familial conditions) or increase (systemic inflammation) the risk for later mental health problems.In females, individuals with high microglia ePGS showed a negative association between systemic inflammation and WM-FA and a positive association between more advantageous environmental conditions and WM-FA. The microglia ePGS in females thus accounted for variations in the influence of the quality of the early environment on WM-FA.Finally, WM-FA slopes mediated the association of microglia ePGS with interpersonal problems and social hostility in females. Our findings suggest the genetic capacity for microglia function as a potential factor underlying differential susceptibility to early life exposuresthrough influences on neurodevelopment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Yu Chan
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 30 Medical Dr, Singapore 117609, Singapore
| | - Eamon Fitzgerald
- Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, McGill University, 1010 Rue Sherbrooke O, QC H3A 2R7, Canada; Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, 6875 Bd LaSalle, QC H4H 1R3, Canada
| | - Zhen Ming Ngoh
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 30 Medical Dr, Singapore 117609, Singapore
| | - Janice Lee
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 30 Medical Dr, Singapore 117609, Singapore
| | - Jasmine Chuah
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 30 Medical Dr, Singapore 117609, Singapore
| | - Joanne Shu Ming Chia
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 30 Medical Dr, Singapore 117609, Singapore
| | - Marielle V Fortier
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 30 Medical Dr, Singapore 117609, Singapore; Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, 100 Bukit Timah Rd, Singapore 229899, Singapore; Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Rd, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Elizabeth Huiwen Tham
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), 10 Medical Dr, Singapore 117597, Singapore; Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System (NUHS), 5 Lower Kent Ridge Rd, Singapore 119074, Singapore
| | - Juan H Zhou
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), 10 Medical Dr, Singapore 117597, Singapore; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore 117583, Singapore
| | - Patricia P Silveira
- Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, McGill University, 1010 Rue Sherbrooke O, QC H3A 2R7, Canada; Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, 6875 Bd LaSalle, QC H4H 1R3, Canada; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), 10 Medical Dr, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Michael J Meaney
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 30 Medical Dr, Singapore 117609, Singapore; Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, 6875 Bd LaSalle, QC H4H 1R3, Canada; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), 10 Medical Dr, Singapore 117597, Singapore; Brain - Body Initiative Program, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Fusionopolis Way, Connexis North Tower, Singapore 138632, Singapore
| | - Ai Peng Tan
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 30 Medical Dr, Singapore 117609, Singapore; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), 10 Medical Dr, Singapore 117597, Singapore; Brain - Body Initiative Program, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Fusionopolis Way, Connexis North Tower, Singapore 138632, Singapore; Department of Diagnostic Imaging, National University Health System, 1E Kent Ridge Rd, Singapore 119228, Singapore.
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Fitzgerald E, Pokhvisneva I, Patel S, Yu Chan S, Peng Tan A, Chen H, Pelufo Silveira P, Meaney MJ. Microglial function interacts with the environment to affect sex-specific depression risk. Brain Behav Immun 2024; 119:597-606. [PMID: 38670238 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2024.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
There is a two-fold higher incidence of depression in females compared to men with recent studies suggesting a role for microglia in conferring this sex-dependent depression risk. In this study we investigated the nature of this relation. Using GWAS enrichment, gene-set enrichment analysis and Mendelian randomization, we found minimal evidence for a direct relation between genes functionally related to microglia and sex-dependent genetic risk for depression. We then used expression quantitative trait loci and single nucleus RNA-sequencing resources to generate polygenic scores (PGS) representative of individual variation in microglial function in the adult (UK Biobank; N = 54753-72682) and fetal (ALSPAC; N = 1452) periods. The adult microglial PGS moderated the association between BMI (UK Biobank; beta = 0.001, 95 %CI 0.0009 to 0.003, P = 7.74E-6) and financial insecurity (UK Biobank; beta = 0.001, 95 %CI 0.005 to 0.015, P = 2E-4) with depressive symptoms in females. The fetal microglia PGS moderated the association between maternal prenatal depressive symptoms and offspring depressive symptoms at 24 years in females (ALSPAC; beta = 0.04, 95 %CI 0.004 to 0.07, P = 0.03). We found no evidence for an interaction between the microglial PGS and depression risk factors in males. Our results illustrate a role for microglial function in the conferral of sex-dependent depression risk following exposure to a depression risk factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eamon Fitzgerald
- Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, McGill University, Canada; Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Canada.
| | - Irina Pokhvisneva
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Canada
| | - Sachin Patel
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Canada
| | - Shi Yu Chan
- Translational Neuroscience Program, Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Singapore
| | - Ai Peng Tan
- Translational Neuroscience Program, Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Singapore; Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Diagnostic Imaging, National University Health System, Singapore; Brain - Body Initiative, Agency for Science, Technology & Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Helen Chen
- Department of Psychological Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore; Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Patricia Pelufo Silveira
- Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, McGill University, Canada; Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Canada; Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Michael J Meaney
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Canada; Translational Neuroscience Program, Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Singapore; Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Brain - Body Initiative, Agency for Science, Technology & Research (A*STAR), Singapore.
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Chan SY, Low XZ, Ngoh ZM, Ong ZY, Kee MZL, Huang P, Kumar S, Rifkin-Graboi A, Chong YS, Chen H, Tan KH, Chan JKY, Fortier MV, Gluckman PD, Zhou JH, Meaney MJ, Tan AP. Neonatal Nucleus Accumbens Microstructure Modulates Individual Susceptibility to Preconception Maternal Stress in Relation to Externalizing Behaviors. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024:S0890-8567(24)00071-6. [PMID: 38423282 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2023.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Maternal stress influences in utero brain development and is a modifiable risk factor for offspring psychopathologies. Reward circuitry dysfunction underlies various internalizing and externalizing psychopathologies. This study examined (1) the association between maternal stress and microstructural characteristics of the neonatal nucleus accumbens (NAcc), a major node of the reward circuitry, and (2) whether neonatal NAcc microstructure modulates individual susceptibility to maternal stress in relation to childhood behavioral problems. METHOD K-means longitudinal cluster analysis was performed to determine trajectories of maternal stress measures (Perceived Stress Scale [PSS], hair cortisol) from preconception to the third trimester. Neonatal NAcc microstructural measures (orientation density index [ODI] and intracellular volume fraction [ICVF]) were compared across trajectories. We then examined the interaction between maternal stress and neonatal NAcc microstructure on child internalizing and externalizing behaviors, assessed between ages 3 and 4 years. RESULTS Two trajectories of maternal stress magnitude ("low"/"high") were identified for both PSS (n = 287) and hair cortisol (n = 336). Right neonatal NAcc ODI (rNAcc-ODI) was significantly lower in "low" relative to "high" PSS trajectories (n = 77, p = .04). PSS at preconception had the strongest association with rNAcc-ODI (r = 0.293, p = .029). No differences in NAcc microstructure were found between hair cortisol trajectories. A significant interaction between preconception PSS and rNAcc-ODI on externalizing behavior was observed (n = 47, p = .047). CONCLUSION Our study showed that the preconception period contributes to in utero NAcc development, and that NAcc microstructure modulates individual susceptibility to preconception maternal stress in relation to externalizing problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Yu Chan
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xi Zhen Low
- National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zhen Ming Ngoh
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zi Yan Ong
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Michelle Z L Kee
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Pei Huang
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Anne Rifkin-Graboi
- National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yap-Seng Chong
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), Singapore, Singapore; National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore; National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Helen Chen
- KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kok Hian Tan
- KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jerry K Y Chan
- KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Marielle V Fortier
- KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Peter D Gluckman
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Michael J Meaney
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), Singapore, Singapore; National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Ai Peng Tan
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), Singapore, Singapore; National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore; National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
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Huang P, Chan SY, Ngoh ZM, Ong ZY, Low XZ, Law EC, Gluckman PD, Kee MZL, Fortier MV, Chong YS, Zhou JH, Meaney MJ, Tan AP. Screen time, brain network development and socio-emotional competence in childhood: moderation of associations by parent-child reading. Psychol Med 2024:1-12. [PMID: 38314509 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291724000084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Screen time in infancy is linked to changes in social-emotional development but the pathway underlying this association remains unknown. We aim to provide mechanistic insights into this association using brain network topology and to examine the potential role of parent-child reading in mitigating the effects of screen time. METHODS We examined the association of screen time on brain network topology using linear regression analysis and tested if the network topology mediated the association between screen time and later socio-emotional competence. Lastly, we tested if parent-child reading time was a moderator of the link between screen time and brain network topology. RESULTS Infant screen time was significantly associated with the emotion processing-cognitive control network integration (p = 0.005). This network integration also significantly mediated the association between screen time and both measures of socio-emotional competence (BRIEF-2 Emotion Regulation Index, p = 0.04; SEARS total score, p = 0.04). Parent-child reading time significantly moderated the association between screen time and emotion processing-cognitive control network integration (β = -0.640, p = 0.005). CONCLUSION Our study identified emotion processing-cognitive control network integration as a plausible biological pathway linking screen time in infancy and later socio-emotional competence. We also provided novel evidence for the role of parent-child reading in moderating the association between screen time and topological brain restructuring in early childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Huang
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, A*STAR Research Entities, Singapore
| | - Shi Yu Chan
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, A*STAR Research Entities, Singapore
| | - Zhen Ming Ngoh
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, A*STAR Research Entities, Singapore
| | - Zi Yan Ong
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, A*STAR Research Entities, Singapore
| | - Xi Zhen Low
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Evelyn C Law
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, A*STAR Research Entities, Singapore
- Department of Pediatrics, Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Peter D Gluckman
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, A*STAR Research Entities, Singapore
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Michelle Z L Kee
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, A*STAR Research Entities, Singapore
| | - Marielle V Fortier
- Department of Diagnostic & Interventional Imaging, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore
| | - Yap Seng Chong
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, A*STAR Research Entities, Singapore
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, National University Health System, Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Juan H Zhou
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Integrative Sciences and Engineering Programme (ISEP), National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Michael J Meaney
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, A*STAR Research Entities, Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Brain - Body Initiative, Agency for Science and Technology (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Ai Peng Tan
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, A*STAR Research Entities, Singapore
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, National University Health System, Singapore
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, National University Health System, Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Brain - Body Initiative, Agency for Science and Technology (A*STAR), Singapore
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Atwood B, Yassin W, Chan SY, Hall MH. Subfield-specific longitudinal changes of hippocampal volumes in patients with early-stage bipolar disorder. Bipolar Disord 2023; 25:301-311. [PMID: 36855850 PMCID: PMC10330583 DOI: 10.1111/bdi.13315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The hippocampus is a heterogeneous structure composed of biologically and functionally distinct subfields. Hippocampal aberrations are proposed to play a fundamental role in the etiology of psychotic symptoms. Bipolar disorder (BPD) has substantial overlap in symptomatology and genetic liability with schizophrenia (SZ), and reduced hippocampal volumes, particularly at the chronic illness stages, are documented in both disorders. Studies of hippocampal subfields in the early stage of BPD are limited and cross-sectional findings to date report no reduction in hippocampal volumes. To our knowledge, there have been no longitudinal studies of BPD evaluating hippocampal volumes in the early phase of illness. We investigated the longitudinal changes in hippocampal regions and subfields in BPD mainly and in early stage of psychosis (ESP) patients more broadly and compared them to those in controls (HC). METHODS Baseline clinical and structural MRI data were acquired from 88 BPD, from a total of 143 ESP patients, and 74 HCs. Of those, 66 participants (23 HC, 43 patients) completed a 12-month follow-up visit. The hippocampus regions and subfields were segmented using Freesurfer automated pipeline. RESULTS We found general baseline deficits in hippocampal volumes among BPD and ESP cohorts. Both cohorts displayed significant increases in the anterior hippocampal region and dentate gyrus compared with controls. Additionally, antipsychotic medications were positively correlated with the posterior region at baseline. CONCLUSION These findings highlight brain plasticity in BPD and in ESP patients providing evidence that deviations in hippocampal volumes are adaptive responses to atypical signaling rather than progressive degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce Atwood
- Psychosis Neurobiology Laboratory, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
- Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorders Program, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Walid Yassin
- Psychosis Neurobiology Laboratory, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shi Yu Chan
- Psychosis Neurobiology Laboratory, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
- Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorders Program, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Mei-Hua Hall
- Psychosis Neurobiology Laboratory, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
- Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorders Program, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Holton KM, Chan SY, Brockmeier AJ, Öngür D, Hall MH. Exploring the influence of functional architecture on cortical thickness networks in early psychosis - a longitudinal study. Neuroimage 2023; 274:120127. [PMID: 37086876 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2023.120127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Cortical thickness reductions differ between individuals with psychotic disorders and comparison subjects even in early stages of illness. Whether these reductions covary as expected by functional network membership or simply by spatial proximity has not been fully elucidated. Through orthonormal projective non-negative matrix factorization, cortical thickness measurements in functionally-annotated regions from MRI scans of early-stage psychosis and matched healthy controls were reduced in dimensionality into features capturing positive covariance. Rather than matching the functional networks, the covarying regions in each feature displayed a more localized spatial organization. With Bayesian belief networks, the covarying regions per feature were arranged into a network topology to visualize the dependency structure and identify key driving regions. The features demonstrated diagnosis-specific differences in cortical thickness distributions per feature, identifying reduction-vulnerable spatial regions. Differences in key cortical thickness features between psychosis and control groups were delineated, as well as those between affective and non-affective psychosis. Clustering of the participants, stratified by diagnosis and clinical variables, characterized the clinical traits that define the cortical thickness patterns. Longitudinal follow-up revealed that in select clusters with low baseline cortical thickness, clinical traits improved over time. Our study represents a novel effort to characterize brain structure in relation to functional networks in healthy and clinical populations and to map patterns of cortical thickness alterations among ESP patients onto clinical variables for a better understanding of brain pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina M Holton
- Computational Neural Information Engineering Lab, University of Delaware, 139 The Green, Newark, DE 19716.
| | - Shi Yu Chan
- Psychosis Neurobiology Laboratory, McLean Hospital, 115 Mill St, Belmont, MA 02478; Division of Psychotic Disorders, McLean Hospital, 115 Mill St, Belmont, MA 02478
| | - Austin J Brockmeier
- Computational Neural Information Engineering Lab, University of Delaware, 139 The Green, Newark, DE 19716
| | - Dost Öngür
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck St, Boston, MA 02115; Division of Psychotic Disorders, McLean Hospital, 115 Mill St, Belmont, MA 02478
| | - Mei-Hua Hall
- Psychosis Neurobiology Laboratory, McLean Hospital, 115 Mill St, Belmont, MA 02478; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck St, Boston, MA 02115; Division of Psychotic Disorders, McLean Hospital, 115 Mill St, Belmont, MA 02478.
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Huang P, Chan SY, Ngoh ZM, Nadarajan R, Chong YS, Gluckman PD, Chen H, Fortier MV, Tan AP, Meaney MJ. Functional connectivity analysis of childhood depressive symptoms. Neuroimage Clin 2023; 38:103395. [PMID: 37031637 PMCID: PMC10120398 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2023.103395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood depression is a highly distinct and prevalent condition with an unknown neurobiological basis. We wish to explore the resting state fMRI data in children for potential associations between neural connectivity and childhood depressive symptoms. METHODS A longitudinal birth cohort study with neuroimaging data obtained at 4.5, 6.0 and 7.5 years of age and the Children Depression Inventory 2 (CDI) administered between 8.5 and 10.5 years was used. The CDI score was used as the dependent variable and tested for correlation, both simple Pearson and network based statistic, with the functional connectivity values obtained from the resting state fMRI. Cross-validated permutation testing with a general linear model was used to validate that the identified functional connections were indeed implicated in childhood depression. RESULTS Ten functional connections and four brain regions (Somatomotor Area B, Temporoparietal Junction, Orbitofrontal Cortex and Insula) were identified as significantly associated with childhood depressive symptoms for girls at 6.0 and 7.5 years. No significant functional connections were found in girls at 4.5 years or for boys at any timepoint. Network based statistic and permutation testing confirmed these findings. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed significant sex-dependent associations of neural connectivity and childhood depressive symptoms. The regions identified are implicated in speech/language, social cognition and information integration and suggest unique pathways to childhood depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Huang
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science and Technology, Singapore.
| | - Shi Yu Chan
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science and Technology, Singapore
| | - Zhen Ming Ngoh
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science and Technology, Singapore; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ranjani Nadarajan
- Department of Psychiatry, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Yap Seng Chong
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science and Technology, Singapore; Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, National University Hospital Singapore, Singapore
| | - Peter D Gluckman
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science and Technology, Singapore; Centre for Human Evolution, Adaptation and Disease, Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Helen Chen
- Department of Psychological Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore; Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Marielle V Fortier
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science and Technology, Singapore; Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore
| | - Ai Peng Tan
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science and Technology, Singapore; Department of Diagnostic Imaging, National University Hospital Singapore, Singapore
| | - Michael J Meaney
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science and Technology, Singapore; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Psychiatry, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Brain - Body Initiative, Agency for Science and Technology, Singapore
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Li S, Chan SY, Higgins A, Hall MH. Sensory gating, neurocognition, social cognition and real-life functioning: a 2-year follow-up of early psychosis. Psychol Med 2023; 53:2540-2552. [PMID: 37310299 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291721004463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diminished sensory gating (SG) is a robust finding in psychotic disorders, but studies of early psychosis (EP) are rare. It is unknown whether SG deficit leads to poor neurocognitive, social, and/or real-world functioning. This study aimed to explore the longitudinal relationships between SG and these variables. METHODS Seventy-nine EP patients and 88 healthy controls (HCs) were recruited at baseline. Thirty-three and 20 EP patients completed 12-month and 24-month follow-up, respectively. SG was measured using the auditory dual-click (S1 & S2) paradigm and quantified as P50 ratio (S2/S1) and difference (S1-S2). Cognition, real-life functioning, and symptoms were assessed using the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery, Global Functioning: Social (GFS) and Role (GFR), Multnomah Community Ability Scale (MCAS), Awareness of Social Inference Test (TASIT), and the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). Analysis of variance (ANOVA), chi-square, mixed model, correlation and regression analyses were used for group comparisons and relationships among variables controlling for potential confounding variables. RESULTS In EP patients, P50 ratio (p < 0.05) and difference (p < 0.001) at 24-month showed significant differences compared with that at baseline. At baseline, P50 indices (ratio, S1-S2 difference, S1) were independently associated with GFR in HCs (all p < 0.05); in EP patients, S2 amplitude was independently associated with GFS (p = 0.037). At 12-month and 24-month, P50 indices (ratio, S1, S2) was independently associated with MCAS (all p < 0.05). S1-S2 difference was a trending predictor of future function (GFS or MCAS). CONCLUSIONS SG showed progressive reduction in EP patients. P50 indices were related to real-life functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen Li
- Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorders Program, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA 02478, USA
- Psychosis Neurobiology Laboratory, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA 02478, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Shi Yu Chan
- Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorders Program, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA 02478, USA
- Psychosis Neurobiology Laboratory, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA 02478, USA
- Translational Neurosciences, Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences 117609, Singapore
| | - Amy Higgins
- Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorders Program, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA 02478, USA
- Psychosis Neurobiology Laboratory, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA 02478, USA
| | - Mei-Hua Hall
- Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorders Program, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA 02478, USA
- Psychosis Neurobiology Laboratory, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA 02478, USA
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9
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Tsoi H, Man EPS, Lok J, Cheng CN, Wong LS, Chan SY, Leung MH, Chan WL, Khoo US. Targeting androgen receptor in BQ323636.1 overexpressing oestrogen receptor-positive breast cancer to overcome aromatase inhibitor resistance: abridged secondary publication. Hong Kong Med J 2023; 29 Suppl 1:12-13. [PMID: 36919211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- H Tsoi
- Department of Pathology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - E P S Man
- Department of Pathology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - J Lok
- Department of Pathology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - C N Cheng
- Department of Pathology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - L S Wong
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - S Y Chan
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - M H Leung
- Department of Pathology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - W L Chan
- Department of Clinical Oncology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - U S Khoo
- Department of Pathology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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10
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Chien WT, Chan SY, Yip LK, Karatzias T, Bressington D, Lubman ID. Professional-supported, problem-solving, self-learning programme for family carers of people with recent-onset psychosis: abridged secondary publication. Hong Kong Med J 2023; 29 Suppl 2:42-47. [PMID: 36951007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/24/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- W T Chien
- The Nethersole School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - S Y Chan
- Caritas Integrated Family Services Centres, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - L K Yip
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - T Karatzias
- Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Edinburgh Napier University, United Kingdom
| | - D Bressington
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - I D Lubman
- Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Australia
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11
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Chan JW, Lam SP, Li SX, Chau SW, Chan SY, Chan NY, Zhang JH, Wing YK. Adjunctive bright light treatment with gradual advance in unipolar major depressive disorder with evening chronotype - A randomized controlled trial. Psychol Med 2022; 52:1448-1457. [PMID: 32924897 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291720003232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Unipolar non-seasonal depressed patients with concomitant evening chronotype were associated with poor clinical outcomes and higher non-remission rate. This study aims to examine the efficacy of adjunctive bright light therapy with gradual timing advance in a randomized, assessor and prescriber-blinded controlled trial. METHOD Participants were randomly allocated to receive 5 weeks of either bright white light therapy (BLT) or dim red light (DRL) with the same advancement protocol. Participants were followed up till 5 months after treatment. Primary outcomes included (i) remission rate and (ii) the severity of depression. The analysis was conducted using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, Cox proportional hazard analysis and linear mixed models. RESULTS A total of 93 participants (46.4 ± 11.7 years old, 80% female) were randomized. The cumulative remission rate for the BLT and the DRL groups was 67.4% and 46.7%, respectively. Time to remission was shorter for the BLT group relative to the DRL group (log-rank test p = 0.024). Cox proportional hazard survival analysis showed that patients in the BLT group had a higher probability of achieving remission relative to patients in the DRL group [hazard ratio = 1.9 (95% CI = 1.1- 3.4), p = 0.026]. Further sensitivity analysis demonstrated greater improvement in 17-Hamilton Depression Score (group × time interaction, p = 0.04) in the BLT group for those who were adherent to light therapy. CONCLUSIONS The use of bright light therapy with gradual advance protocol is an effective adjunctive treatment resulting in quicker and a higher rate of remission of depression in patients with non-seasonal unipolar depression and evening-chronotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joey Wy Chan
- Sleep Assessment Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - S P Lam
- Sleep Assessment Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Shirley X Li
- Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- The State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Steven Wh Chau
- Sleep Assessment Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - S Y Chan
- Sleep Assessment Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - N Y Chan
- Sleep Assessment Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - J H Zhang
- Sleep Assessment Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Y K Wing
- Sleep Assessment Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
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12
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Chan SY, Ong ZY, Ngoh ZM, Chong YS, Zhou JH, Fortier MV, Daniel LM, Qiu A, Meaney MJ, Tan AP. Structure-function coupling within the reward network in preschool children predicts executive functioning in later childhood. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2022; 55:101107. [PMID: 35413663 PMCID: PMC9010704 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2022.101107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Early differences in reward behavior have been linked to executive functioning development. The nucleus accumbens (NAc) and orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) are activated by reward-related tasks and identified as key nodes of the brain circuit that underlie reward processing. We aimed to investigate the relation between NAc-OFC structural and functional connectivity in preschool children, as well as associations with future reward sensitivity and executive function. We showed that NAc-OFC structural and functional connectivity were not significantly associated in preschool children, but both independently predicted sensitivity to reward in males in a left-lateralized manner. Moreover, significant NAc-OFC structure-function coupling was only found in individuals who performed poorly on executive function tasks in later childhood, but not in the middle- and high-performing groups. As structure-function coupling is proposed to measure functional specialization, this finding suggests premature functional specialization within the reward network, which may impede dynamic communication with other regions, affects executive function development. Our study also highlights the utility of multimodal imaging data integration when studying the effects of reward network functional flexibility in the preschool age, a critical period in brain and executive function development. Functional connectivity is not tethered to structural connectivity in preschool age. Higher degree of SC-FC coupling reflects lower plasticity in early childhood. Gender differences in reward sensitivity were present as early as in preschool age. Early reward network SC-FC coupling affects later executive function.
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13
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Chan SY, Brady RO, Lewandowski KE, Higgins A, Öngür D, Hall MH. Dynamic and progressive changes in thalamic functional connectivity over the first five years of psychosis. Mol Psychiatry 2022; 27:1177-1183. [PMID: 34697450 PMCID: PMC9035477 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-021-01319-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The early stage of psychosis (ESP) is a critical period where effective intervention has the most favorable impact on outcomes. Thalamic connectivity abnormalities have been consistently found in psychosis, and are associated with clinical symptoms and cognitive deficits. However, most studies consider ESP patients as a homogeneous population and fail to take the duration of illness into account. In this study, we aimed to capture the progression of thalamic connectivity changes over the first five years of psychosis. Resting-state functional MRI scans were collected from 156 ESP patients (44 with longitudinal data) and 82 healthy controls (24 with longitudinal data). We first performed a case-control analysis comparing thalamic connectivity with 13 networks in the cortex and cerebellum. Next, we modelled the shape (flat, linear, curvilinear) of thalamic connectivity trajectories by comparing flexible non-linear versus linear models. We then tested the significance of the duration of illness and diagnosis in trajectories that changed over time. Connectivity changed over the ESP period between the thalamus and default mode network (DMN) and fronto-parietal network (FPN) nodes in both the cortex and cerebellum. Three models followed a curvilinear trajectory (early increase followed by a subsequent decrease), while thalamo-cerebellar FPN connectivity followed a linear trajectory of steady reductions over time, indicating different rates of change. Finally, diagnosis significantly predicted thalamic connectivity. Thalamo-cortical and thalamo-cerebellar connectivity change in a dynamic fashion during the ESP period. A better understanding of these changes may provide insights into the compensatory and progressive changes in functional connectivity in the early stages of illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Yu Chan
- Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder Research Program, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA. .,Psychosis Neurobiology Laboratory, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA. .,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Roscoe O. Brady
- Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder Research Program, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA,Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Massachusetts Mental Health Center, Boston, MA
| | - Kathryn E. Lewandowski
- Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder Research Program, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Amy Higgins
- Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder Research Program, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA,Psychosis Neurobiology Laboratory, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA
| | - Dost Öngür
- Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder Research Program, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA,Psychosis Neurobiology Laboratory, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Mei-Hua Hall
- Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder Research Program, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA,Psychosis Neurobiology Laboratory, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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14
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Vatanen T, Sakwinska O, Wilson B, Combremont S, Cutfield WS, Chan SY, Godfrey KM, O'Sullivan JM. Transcription shifts in gut bacteria shared between mothers and their infants. Sci Rep 2022; 12:1276. [PMID: 35075183 PMCID: PMC8786960 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-04848-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The infant gut microbiome contains a portion of bacteria that originate from the maternal gut. In the infant gut these bacteria encounter a new metabolic environment that differs from the adult gut, consequently requiring adjustments in their activities. We used pilot community RNA sequencing data (metatranscriptomes) from ten mother-infant dyads participating in the NiPPeR Study to characterize bacterial gene expression shifts following mother-to-infant transmission. Maternally-derived bacterial strains exhibited large scale gene expression shifts following the transmission to the infant gut, with 12,564 activated and 14,844 deactivated gene families. The implicated genes were most numerous and the magnitude shifts greatest in Bacteroides spp. This pilot study demonstrates environment-dependent, strain-specific shifts in gut bacteria function and underscores the importance of metatranscriptomic analysis in microbiome studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommi Vatanen
- Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 102904, Auckland, New Zealand.
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - O Sakwinska
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, Nestlé Research, Société des Produits Nestlé S.A., 1000, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - B Wilson
- Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 102904, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - S Combremont
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, Nestlé Research, Société des Produits Nestlé S.A., 1000, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - W S Cutfield
- Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 102904, Auckland, New Zealand
- A Better Start - National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - S Y Chan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - K M Godfrey
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust and University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Justin M O'Sullivan
- Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 102904, Auckland, New Zealand.
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
- The Maurice Wilkins Centre, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
- Brain Research New Zealand, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
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15
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Chan SY, Nickerson LD, Pathak R, Öngür D, Hall MH. Impact of Substance Use Disorder on Between-Network Brain Connectivity in Early Psychosis. Schizophrenia Bulletin Open 2022; 3:sgac014. [PMID: 35386953 PMCID: PMC8976260 DOI: 10.1093/schizbullopen/sgac014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The Triple Network Model of psychopathology identifies the salience network (SN), central executive network (CEN), and default mode network (DMN) as key networks underlying the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders. In particular, abnormal SN-initiated network switching impacts the engagement and disengagement of the CEN and DMN, and is proposed to lead to the generation of psychosis symptoms. Between-network connectivity has been shown to be abnormal in both substance use disorders (SUD) and psychosis. However, none have studied how SUD affects connectivity between sub-networks of the DMN, SN, and CEN in early stage psychosis (ESP) patients. In this study, we collected data from 113 ESP patients and 50 healthy controls to investigate the effect of SUD on between-network connectivity. In addition, we performed sub-group analysis by exploring whether past SUD vs current SUD co-morbidity, or diagnosis (affective vs non-affective psychosis) had a modulatory effect. Connectivity between four network-pairs, consisting of sub-networks of the SN, CEN, and DMN, was significantly different between ESP patients and controls. Two patterns of connectivity were observed when patients were divided into sub-groups with current vs past SUD. In particular, connectivity between right CEN and the cingulo-opercular salience sub-network (rCEN-CON) showed a gradient effect where the severity of abnormalities increased from no history of SUD to past+ to current+. We also observed diagnosis-specific effects, suggesting non-affective psychosis patients were particularly vulnerable to effects of substance use on rCEN-CON connectivity. Our findings reveal insights into how comorbid SUD affects between-network connectivity and symptom severity in ESP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Yu Chan
- Psychosis Neurobiology Laboratory, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
- Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorders Program, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lisa D Nickerson
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Applied Neuroimaging Statistics Laboratory, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Roma Pathak
- Psychosis Neurobiology Laboratory, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
- Brandeis University, Waltham, MA, USA
| | - Dost Öngür
- Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorders Program, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mei-Hua Hall
- Psychosis Neurobiology Laboratory, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
- Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorders Program, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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16
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Leung LCK, So LY, Ng YK, Chan WKY, Chiu WK, Chow CM, Chan SY, Chan KC. Initial intravenous fluid prescription in general paediatric in-patients aged >28 days and <18 years: consensus statements. Hong Kong Med J 2021; 27:276-286. [PMID: 34413255 DOI: 10.12809/hkmj209010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- L C K Leung
- Department of Paediatrics, Kwong Wah Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - L Y So
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - Y K Ng
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital. Hong Kong
| | - W K Y Chan
- Department of Paediatrics, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - W K Chiu
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, United Christian Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - C M Chow
- Department of Paediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - S Y Chan
- Department of Paediatrics, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - K C Chan
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Alice Ho Miu Ling Nethersole Hospital, Hong Kong
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17
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Law TYS, Choy HKK, Chan SY, Fok EKL. P–538 Potential involvement of testicular extracellular vesicles in the paternal epigenetic inheritance of undesirable metabolic traits. Hum Reprod 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deab130.537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Study question
Does high-fat diet alter the cargoes of testicular extracellular vesicles (tEVs) and thus modulate the sperm epigenome?
Summary answer
The properties and small RNA cargoes of tEVs and the sperm epigenome were significantly altered in mice fed with a high-fat diet.
What is known already
High-fat diet is known to alter spermatogenesis and sperm quality. Recent studies showed that the undesirable metabolic traits can be inherited to the next generation via paternal epigenetic inheritance. Hitherto, it has been shown that the extracellular vesicle, an important intercellular communication pathway, secreted by the epididymis conveys small RNA cargoes to sperms and mediate paternal epigenetic inheritance of metabolic traits. Surprisingly, although the sperm are first being produced in the testes, the potential contributions of testicular EVs (tEVs) in the sperm epigenome remain unexplored.
Study design, size, duration
It is a proof-of-concept study using mice as an experimental model. Thirty mice were raised for nine months, high-fat diet (HFD) and chow diet (SD) were treated on each half of the subject group starting from the sixth week until they were euthanized. Participants/materials, setting, methods: The study is conducted under laboratory settings. Sperm and tEVs were obtained from mice fed with HFD or SD. The uptake of tEVs by sperm was monitored by flow cytometry analysis using fluorescence-labelled tEVs. Physical properties of testicular EVs were examined by the transmission electron microscope. The small RNA cargoes were investigated by small RNA sequencing. The sperm epigenome was examined by real-time-qPCR.
Main results and the role of chance
Our results showed that sperm efficiently took up the tEVs in a dose-dependent manner, without compromising the sperm motility. Size of tEVs in HFD-fed mice (320.5 ± 99.83 nm) was significantly greater than that of SD-fed mice(251.9 ± 81.01 nm). RNA sequencing revealed a decrease in the percentage of miRNA in HFD tEVs. Eight miRNAs were differentially expressed in HFD tEVs.
Among them, real-time PCR results confirmed that miR–34b and c levels were significantly up-regulated in HFD tEVs, with a log2[Fold-change] of 0.46613 and 0.42935 respectively. Unexpectedly, the levels of both miR–34b and c were similar in HFD and SD epididymis, and were both down-regulated by about 2-fold in matured sperm of HFD-fed mice. To investigate the cause of discrepancy, we carried out flow cytometry analysis to measure the absorption efficiency of tEVs, which revealed a notable decrease in absorption efficiency of HFD tEVs (70.235 ± 4.864%) by sperms compared to that of SD tEVs (79.350 ± 4.012%).
Limitations, reasons for caution
Cauda sperm was used in the profiling of sperm epigenome where the contributions from the epididymosomes have not been compared. The study was conducted using mice models such that discrepancy may occur when applying to humans.
Wider implications of the findings: We revealed the alteration of tEVs in HFD-fed mice which may underlie the perturbation of spermatogenesis in HFD condition. We demonstrated the efficient uptake of tEVs by sperm which may be developed as a tool for the engineering of the sperm epigenome.
Trial registration number
Not applicable
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Affiliation(s)
- T Y S Law
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Faculty of Medicine- School of Biomedical Sciences, Shatin- N.T., Hong Kong
| | - H K K Choy
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Faculty of Medicine- School of Biomedical Sciences, Shatin- N.T., Hong Kong
| | - S Y Chan
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Faculty of Medicine- School of Biomedical Sciences, Shatin- N.T., Hong Kong
| | - E K L Fok
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Faculty of Medicine- School of Biomedical Sciences, Shatin- N.T., Hong Kong
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18
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Wong YC, Chan SY, Yuen KY, Chong LC. Locally invasive and obstructive colonic leiomyosarcoma: a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. Hong Kong Med J 2021; 26:73-75. [PMID: 32077864 DOI: 10.12809/hkmj197873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Y C Wong
- Department of Surgery, Tseung Kwan O Hospital, Tseung Kwan O, Hong Kong
| | - S Y Chan
- Department of Surgery, Tseung Kwan O Hospital, Tseung Kwan O, Hong Kong
| | - K Y Yuen
- Department of Surgery, Tseung Kwan O Hospital, Tseung Kwan O, Hong Kong
| | - L C Chong
- Department of Surgery, Tseung Kwan O Hospital, Tseung Kwan O, Hong Kong
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19
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Reddy VD, Myers BA, Chan SY, Thibodeaux QG, Brownstone ND, Bhutani T, Liao W, Lester JC, Koo JY. A review of current phase III clinical trials of plaque psoriasis: under-representation of nonwhite participants and need for reform. Br J Dermatol 2020; 184:348-350. [PMID: 32767747 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.19468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V D Reddy
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - B A Myers
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - S Y Chan
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Q G Thibodeaux
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - N D Brownstone
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - T Bhutani
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - W Liao
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - J C Lester
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - J Y Koo
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
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20
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Chan SY, Brady R, Hwang M, Higgins A, Nielsen K, Öngür D, Hall MH. Heterogeneity of Outcomes and Network Connectivity in Early-Stage Psychosis: A Longitudinal Study. Schizophr Bull 2020; 47:138-148. [PMID: 32572485 PMCID: PMC7825010 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbaa079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Imaging studies in psychotic disorders typically examine cross-sectional relationships between magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) signals and diagnosis or symptoms. We sought to examine changes in network connectivity identified using resting-state functional MRI (fMRI) corresponding to divergent functional recovery trajectories and relapse in early-stage psychosis (ESP). Prior studies have linked schizophrenia to hyperconnectivity in the default mode network (DMN). Given the correlations between the DMN and behavioral impairments in psychosis, we hypothesized that dynamic changes in DMN connectivity reflect the heterogeneity of outcomes in ESP. Longitudinal data were collected from 66 ESP patients and 20 healthy controls. Longitudinal cluster analysis identified subgroups of patients with similar trajectories in terms of symptom severity and functional outcomes. DMN connectivity was measured in a subset of patients (n = 36) longitudinally over 2 scans separated by a mean of 12 months. We then compared connectivity between patients and controls, and among the different outcome trajectory subgroups. Among ESP participants, 4 subgroups were empirically identified corresponding to: "Poor," "Middle," "Catch-up," and "Good" trajectory outcomes in the complete dataset (n = 36), and an independent replication (n = 30). DMN connectivity changes differed significantly between functional subgroups (F3,32 = 6.06, P-FDR corrected = .01); DMN connectivity increased over time in the "Poor" outcome cluster (β = +0.145) but decreased over time in the "Catch-up" cluster (β = -0.212). DMN connectivity is dynamic and correlates with a change in functional status over time in ESP. This approach identifies a brain-based marker that reflects important neurobiological processes required to sustain functional recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Yu Chan
- Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder Research Program, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA,Psychosis Neurobiology Laboratory, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA,To whom correspondence should be addressed; Psychosis Neurobiology Lab/Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorders Program, McLean Hospital, 115 Mill Street, Belmont, MA 02478; tel: 1-617-855-3528, fax: 1-617-855-2895, e-mail:
| | - Roscoe Brady
- Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder Research Program, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA,Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Massachusetts Mental Health Center, Boston, MA
| | - Melissa Hwang
- Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder Research Program, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA
| | - Amy Higgins
- Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder Research Program, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA,Psychosis Neurobiology Laboratory, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA
| | - Kathryn Nielsen
- Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder Research Program, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA
| | - Dost Öngür
- Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder Research Program, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA,Psychosis Neurobiology Laboratory, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Mei-Hua Hall
- Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder Research Program, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA,Psychosis Neurobiology Laboratory, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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21
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Chan SY, Capitão L, Probert F, Klinge C, Hoeckner S, Harmer CJ, Cowen PJ, Anthony DC, Burnet PWJ. A single administration of the antibiotic, minocycline, reduces fear processing and improves implicit learning in healthy volunteers: analysis of the serum metabolome. Transl Psychiatry 2020; 10:148. [PMID: 32404908 PMCID: PMC7220900 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-020-0818-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Minocycline has shown therapeutic promise in pre-clinical animal models and early phase clinical trials for a variety of psychiatric disorders. Previous studies on minocycline have shown its ability to suppress microglia activity and reduce inflammatory cytokine levels, and its amelioration of depressive-like behaviour in animals and humans. However, the underlying mechanisms that lead to minocycline's psychotropic effects are not clear. In this study, we investigated the psychological and biochemical effects of an acute dose of minocycline or placebo in 40 healthy adult volunteers. Psychological changes in emotional processing, implicit learning, and working memory were assessed. Plasma inflammatory markers, measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, and serum metabolites, measured with proton nuclear magnetic resonance combined with multi-variate analysis techniques, were also studied. Results showed that minocycline administration decreased fear misclassification and increased contextual learning, which suggested that reducing negative biases and improving cognition, respectively, may underlie the antidepressant actions of this agent. An examination of serum metabolites revealed higher levels of lipoproteins, particularly cholesterol, in the minocycline group. Minocycline also decreased circulating concentrations of the inflammatory marker C-Reactive Peptide, which is consistent with previous research. These effects highlight two important psychological mechanisms that may be relevant to the efficacy of minocycline reported in clinical trials, and also suggest a possible largely unexplored lipid-related biochemical pathway for the action of this drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Yu Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Psychosis Neurobiology Lab, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, 02478, USA
| | - Liliana Capitão
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Fay Probert
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Corinna Klinge
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Catherine J Harmer
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Philip J Cowen
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
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22
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Loy SL, Cheung YB, Soh SE, Ng S, Tint MT, Aris IM, Bernard JY, Chong YS, Godfrey KM, Shek LP, Tan KH, Lee YS, Tan HH, Chern BSM, Lek N, Yap F, Chan SY, Chi C, Chan JKY. Female adiposity and time-to-pregnancy: a multiethnic prospective cohort. Hum Reprod 2019; 33:2141-2149. [PMID: 30285230 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dey300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Are higher overall and central adiposity associated with reduced fecundability, measured by time-to-pregnancy (TTP), in Asian women? SUMMARY ANSWER Higher overall adiposity, but not central adiposity, was associated with longer TTP in Asian women. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY High body mass index (BMI) has been associated with a longer TTP, although the associations of body composition and distribution with TTP are less clear. There are no previous studies of TTP in Asian women, who have a relatively higher percentage of body fat and abdominal fat at relatively lower BMI. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION Prospective preconception cohort using data from 477 Asian (Chinese, Malay and Indian) women who were planning to conceive and enrolled in the Singapore PREconception Study of long-Term maternal and child Outcomes (S-PRESTO) study, 2015-2017. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Women's mean age was 30.7 years. Overall adiposity was assessed by BMI, sum of 4-site skinfold thicknesses (SFT) and total body fat percentage (TBF%, measured using air displacement plethysmography); central adiposity was assessed by waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and A body Shape Index (ABSI). Pregnancy occurring within one year from recruitment was ascertained by ultrasonography. Those who did not conceive within one year of recruitment, were lost to follow-up, or initiated fertility treatment were censored. TTP was measured in cycles. Discrete-time proportional hazards models were used to estimate the fecundability ratio (FR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for each anthropometric measure in association with fecundability, adjusting for confounders. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Compared to women with a normal BMI of 18.5-22.9 kg/m2, women with higher BMI of 23-27.4 and ≥27.5 kg/m2 showed lower FR of 0.66 (95% CI 0.45, 0.97) and 0.53 (0.31, 0.89), respectively. Compared to women in the lowest quartile of SFT (25-52.9 mm), those in the highest quartile of ≥90.1 mm showed lower FR of 0.58 (95% CI 0.36, 0.95). Compared to women in the lowest quartile of TBF% (13.6-27.2%), those in the upper two quartiles of 33.0-39.7% and ≥39.8% showed lower FR of 0.56 (95% CI 0.32, 0.98) and 0.43 (0.24, 0.80), respectively. Association of high BMI with reduced fecundability was particularly evident among nulliparous women. Measures of central adiposity (WC, WHR, WHtR, ABSI) were not associated with fecundability. LIMITATIONS REASONS FOR CAUTION Small sample size could restrict power of analysis.The analysis was confined to planned pregnancies, which could limit generalizability of findings to non-planned pregnancies, estimated at around 44% in Singapore. Information on the date of last menstrual period for each month was not available, hence the accuracy of self-reported menstrual cycle length could not be validated, potentially introducing error into TTP estimation. Measures of exposures and covariates such as cycle length were not performed repeatedly over time; cycle length might have changed during the period before getting pregnant. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Other than using BMI as the surrogate measure of body fat, we provide additional evidence showing that higher amounts of subcutaneous fat that based on the measure of SFT at the sites of biceps, triceps, suprailiac and subscapular, and TBF% are associated with longer TTP. Achieving optimal weight and reducing total percentage body fat may be a potential intervention target to improve female fertility. The null results observed between central adiposity and TTP requires confirmation in further studies. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This research is supported by Singapore National Research Foundation under its Translational and Clinical Research Flagship Programme and administered by the Singapore Ministry of Health's National Medical Research Council, (NMRC/TCR/004-NUS/2008; NMRC/TCR/012-NUHS/2014). Additional funding is provided by the Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore. Y.S.C., K.M.G., F.Y. and Y.S.L. have received reimbursement to speak at conferences sponsored by companies selling nutritional products. Y.S.C., K.M.G. and S.Y.C. are part of an academic consortium that has received research funding from Abbott, Nutrition, Nestle and Danone. Other authors declared no conflicts of interest. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER N/A.
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Affiliation(s)
- S L Loy
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.,Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Y B Cheung
- Center for Quantitative Medicine, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.,Tampere Center for Child Health Research, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - S E Soh
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - S Ng
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - M T Tint
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - I M Aris
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - J Y Bernard
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore.,Early Origins of the Child's Health and Development Unit, Centre for research in Epidemiology and Statistics Sorbonne Paris Cité, Inserm, Villejuif, France
| | - Y S Chong
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - K M Godfrey
- Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom.,National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton National Health Service Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - L P Shek
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.,Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - K H Tan
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Maternal Fetal Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Y S Lee
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.,Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - H H Tan
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.,Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - B S M Chern
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - N Lek
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Paediatrics, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - F Yap
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Paediatrics, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.,Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - S Y Chan
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - C Chi
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - J K Y Chan
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.,Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
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Chiang CL, Choi HC, Lam KO, Chan BY, Lee SF, Yeung SY, Lau KS, Chan SY, Choy TS, Yuen KK. Real-world treatment patterns and outcomes in refractory metastatic colorectal cancer. Asia Pac J Clin Oncol 2019; 15 Suppl 2:5-13. [PMID: 30887726 DOI: 10.1111/ajco.13114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
AIM To investigate treatment patterns and outcomes of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients beyond second progression (PD2) since regorafenib and TAS-102 became available in Hong Kong. METHODS The clinical records of consecutive mCRC patients who were treated beyond PD2 at Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Mary Hospital between June 2013 and February 2018, were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS Of 176 PD2 patients (76.7% Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status 0/1 and a median follow-up time of 6.6 [range, 0.4-37.2] months), 104 (59%) underwent palliative care only and 72 (41%) received active third-line (3L) treatment: regorafenib (n = 22), TAS-102 (n = 6), chemotherapy + antiepidermal growth factor receptor (n = 12), chemotherapy + antivascular endothelial growth factor (n = 28) or clinical trials (n = 4). Patients on active 3L treatment had significantly longer OS than those on palliative care only: 11.7 versus 5.5 months (adjusted hazard ratio = 0.41, 95% confidence interval: 0.28-0.61, P < 0.001). For those on active treatment, OS was significantly associated with the time from diagnosis of metastasis to PD2 (P < 0.001) and post-3L treatments (P = 0.009). When analyzing treatment eligibility according to trial criteria, half of the eligible patients (54/109) did not receive active treatment, but both eligible and ineligible patients achieved better OS when receiving active 3L treatment versus palliative care only (P < 0.001 and P = 0.002). No unexpected toxicity was reported. CONCLUSION Active 3L and beyond treatment significantly prolonged OS versus palliative care, even in selected "trial ineligible" patients. Given a high rate of palliation only care in eligible patients, improved patient access to medicine and counseling may be needed to maximize outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- C L Chiang
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Clinical Oncology Center, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - H C Choi
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - K O Lam
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Clinical Oncology Center, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - B Y Chan
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - S F Lee
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - S Y Yeung
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - K S Lau
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - S Y Chan
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - T S Choy
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - K K Yuen
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, China
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24
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Abdel-Fatah TM, Ball GR, Ellis IO, Chan A, Chan SY. Abstract P3-11-08: Sperm associated antigen 5 (SPAG5) predicts pathological complete response (pCR) and distant relapse risk to HER2 targeting agents and anthracycline based chemotherapy in HER2 positive (HER2+) breast cancer (BC). Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-p3-11-08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background:
Previously we found that SPAG5 gene was amplified/gained in 20-35% of HER2+BC. Herein, we investigated the prognostic and predictive significance of SPAG5 (mRNA, protein) expression in 1726 HER+BC patients with median follow-up >5 years.
Methods:
Analysis of SPAG5 mRNA (cDNA array expression) and protein (immunohistochemistry) and their association with distant relapse risk (DRR) were determined in 446 and 642 cases of HER+2 early stage BC in which 36% and 40% of them had received adjuvant Herceptin (H) + Anthracycline based (AC) + Taxane (T); respectively. In 33% and 31% of SPAG5 mRNA cohort and 21% and 38% of SPAG5 protein cohort had received adjuvant (Adj) AC+T or chemotherapy (CT) naïve; respectively. The association between SPAG5 expression (mRNA, protein) and both pCR and DRR after receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy (Neo-Adj-CT) were evaluated in 476 and 162 patients with HER2+ locally advanced BC; respectively. Neo-Adj AC+T+HER2 targeting (Herceptin, Herceptin+ Lapatinib or Lapatinib) and AC+/-T has been prescribed to 51% and 49% of mRNA cohort whereas the 45% and 55% of the protein expression cohort has received Neo-Adj AC+T+H and AC+/-T; respectively.
Findings:
In patients with SPAG5 mRNA overexpression (+;> median), those who had received AC+/-T Neo-Adj-CT alone achieved similar pCR to those who had received AC+T+HER2 targeting Neo-Adj (38% vs., 37%; OR (95% CI): 1.0 (0.6–1.6), p=0.923) in either ER- (46% vs., 52%; OR (95% CI): 1.3 (0.5–3.0), p=0.58) or ER+ subgroups (25% vs., 26%; OR (95% CI): 1.1 (0.4–3.4), p=0.88). Whereas in patients with low SPAG5 mRNA (-), those who had received AC+T+HER2 targeting Neo-Adj had achieved 2.5 fold increased in pCR compared to those who received AC+/-T alone (47% vs., 26%; OR (95% CI): 2.5 (1.4–4.4), p=0.001) in either ER- (60% vs., 31%; OR (95% CI): 3.4 (1.7–6.7), p<0.001) or ER+ subgroups (42% vs., 16%; OR (95% CI): 4.0 (1.2–12.9), p=0.018). Similarly in patients with SPAG5- protein expression; receiving AC+T+HER2 targeting Neo-Adj was associated with higher pCR compared to AC+/-T (21% vs., 4%; OR (95% CI): 6.6 (1.4–32.6), p=0.01). Whereas receiving AC+/-T was associated with similar pCR to AC+T+HER2 targeting Neo-Adj in patients with SPAG5+ protein (49% vs., 53%; OR (95% CI): 1.2 (0.5–3.2), p=0.702). Receiving AC+T+HER2 targeting Neo-Adj was associated with lower DRR compared to AC+/-T [HR (95% CI): 0.82 (0.08-0.97); p=0.045] in patients with SPAG5- protein expression but not in those with SPAG5+ protein [HR (95% CI): 1.08 (0.34-3.36); p=0.901]. Similarly, receiving Adj Herceptin+AC+T was associated with lower DRR compared to AC+/-T alone in those with SPAG5- (mRNA, protein) expression [HR (95% CI): 0.48 (0.25-0.93); p=0.029 and 0.82 (0.08-0.97); p=0.045; respectively] but not in those with high SPAG5+ (mRNA, protein) [HR (95% CI): 1.04 (0.48-2.26); p=0.924 and 1.00 (0.82-1.22); p=1.00; respectively.
Conclusion: SPAG5 expression could help in selecting patients who would benefit from both HER2-targeting agents and or AC-CT. Therefore patients with SPAG5- expression could avoid unnecessary AC-CT whereas those with SPAG5+ could receive a shorter Herceptin course.
Citation Format: Abdel-Fatah TM, Ball GR, Ellis IO, Chan A, Chan SY. Sperm associated antigen 5 (SPAG5) predicts pathological complete response (pCR) and distant relapse risk to HER2 targeting agents and anthracycline based chemotherapy in HER2 positive (HER2+) breast cancer (BC) [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-11-08.
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Affiliation(s)
- TM Abdel-Fatah
- Nottingham University Hospital NHS Trust, Nottingham, United Kingdom; John van Geest Cancer Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Campus, Nottingham, United Kingdom; School of Medicine, University of Nottingham and Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, United Kingdom; Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - GR Ball
- Nottingham University Hospital NHS Trust, Nottingham, United Kingdom; John van Geest Cancer Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Campus, Nottingham, United Kingdom; School of Medicine, University of Nottingham and Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, United Kingdom; Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - IO Ellis
- Nottingham University Hospital NHS Trust, Nottingham, United Kingdom; John van Geest Cancer Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Campus, Nottingham, United Kingdom; School of Medicine, University of Nottingham and Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, United Kingdom; Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - A Chan
- Nottingham University Hospital NHS Trust, Nottingham, United Kingdom; John van Geest Cancer Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Campus, Nottingham, United Kingdom; School of Medicine, University of Nottingham and Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, United Kingdom; Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - SY Chan
- Nottingham University Hospital NHS Trust, Nottingham, United Kingdom; John van Geest Cancer Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Campus, Nottingham, United Kingdom; School of Medicine, University of Nottingham and Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, United Kingdom; Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
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25
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Maleki S, Cottrill KA, Poujade FA, Bhattachariya A, Bergman O, Gådin JR, Simon N, Lundströmer K, Franco-Cereceda A, Björck HM, Chan SY, Eriksson P. The mir-200 family regulates key pathogenic events in ascending aortas of individuals with bicuspid aortic valves. J Intern Med 2019; 285:102-114. [PMID: 30280445 PMCID: PMC6488227 DOI: 10.1111/joim.12833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An individual with a bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) runs a substantially higher risk of developing aneurysm in the ascending aorta compared to the normal population with tricuspid aortic valves (TAV). Aneurysm formation in patients with BAV and TAV is known to be distinct at the molecular level but the underlying mechanisms are undefined. Here, we investigated the still incompletely described role of microRNAs (miRNAs), important post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression, in such aortic disease of patients with BAV as compared with TAV. METHODS AND RESULTS Using a system biology approach, based on data obtained from proteomic analysis of non-dilated aortas from BAV and TAV patients, we constructed a gene-interaction network of regulatory microRNAs associated with the observed differential protein signature. The miR-200 family was the highest ranked miRNA, hence potentially having the strongest effect on the signalling network associated with BAV. Further, qRT-PCR and ChIP analyses showed lower expression of miR-200c, higher expression of miR-200 target genes, ZEB1/ZEB2 transcription factors, and higher chromatin occupancy of the miR-200c promoter by ZEB1/ZEB2 in BAV patients, indicating a miR-200c/ZEBs negative feedback loop and induction of endothelial/epithelial mesenchymal transition (EndMT/EMT). CONCLUSION We propose that a miR-200-dependent process of EndMT/EMT is a plausible biological mechanism rendering the BAV ascending aorta more prone to aneurysm development. Although initially supported by a miR-200c/ZEB feedback loop, this process is most probably advanced by cooperation of other miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Maleki
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden
| | - K A Cottrill
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - F-A Poujade
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden
| | - A Bhattachariya
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden
| | - O Bergman
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden
| | - J R Gådin
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden
| | - N Simon
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden
| | - K Lundströmer
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden
| | - A Franco-Cereceda
- Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden.,Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Cardiothoracic Surgery Unit, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - H M Björck
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden
| | - S Y Chan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - P Eriksson
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden
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Cai S, Natarajan P, Chan JKY, Wong PC, Tan KH, Godfrey KM, Gluckman PD, Shek LPC, Yap F, Kramer MS, Chan SY, Chong YS. Maternal hyperglycemia in singleton pregnancies conceived by IVF may be modified by first-trimester BMI. Hum Reprod 2018; 32:1941-1947. [PMID: 28854717 PMCID: PMC5638004 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dex243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Does IVF independently increase the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and is this increase in risk modified by maternal body mass index? SUMMARY ANSWER IVF appears to be an independent risk factor for GDM and elevated blood glucose levels in overweight women (BMI > 25 kg/m2). WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY IVF has been associated with increased risk of GDM, but most previous studies did not adequately assess confounding or effect modification by other risk factors. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION Cross-sectional study using data from 1089 women with singleton pregnancies who participated in a Singaporean birth cohort study (GUSTO) and received a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) at 26-28 weeks gestation. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS A total of 1089 women (n = 1013 conceived spontaneously, n = 76 conceived through IVF) with singleton pregnancies received a 75 g OGTT at 26-28 weeks gestation. Fasting and 2 h postprandial blood glucose levels were assayed. World Health Organization criteria (1999) standard criteria were used to classify GDM: ≥7.0 mmol/L for fasting and/or ≥7.8 mmol/L for 2-h postprandial plasma glucose levels, which was the clinical guideline in use during the study. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE IVF pregnancies had nearly double the odds of GDM (OR = 1.83, 95% CI: 1.03-3.26) and elevated fasting (mean difference = 0.12 mmol/L, 95% CI: 0.00-0.24) and OGTT 2-h blood glucose levels (mean difference = 0.64 mmol/L, 95% CI: 0.27-1.01), after adjusting for commonly recognized risk factors for GDM. After stratification by first-trimester BMI, these increased risks of GDM (OR = 3.54, 95% CI: 1.44-8.72) and elevated fasting (mean difference = 0.39 mmol/L, 95% CI: 0.13-0.65) and 2-h blood (mean difference = 1.24 mmol/L, 95% CI: 0.56-1.91) glucose levels were significant only in the IVF group who is also overweight or obese (BMI > 25 kg/m2). LIMITATIONS REASONS FOR CAUTION One limitation of our study is the absence of a 1 h post-OGTT plasma glucose sample, as we were using the 1999 WHO diagnostic criteria (the clinical guideline in Singapore) at the time of our study, instead of the revised 2013 WHO diagnostic criteria. Our cohort may not be representative of the general Singapore obstetric population, although participants were recruited from the two largest maternity hospitals in the country and include both private and subsidized patients. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS IVF appears to be an independent risk factor for GDM and elevated blood glucose levels in overweight women. Our findings reinforce the need to advise overweight or obese women contemplating IVF to lose weight before the procedure to reduce their risk of GDM and hyperglycemia-related adverse outcomes arising therefrom. In settings where universal GDM screening is not routine, overweight or obese women who conceive by IVF should be screened. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This research was supported by the Singapore National Research Foundation under its Translational and Clinical Research (TCR) Flagship Program and administered by the Singapore Ministry of Health's National Medical Research Council (NMRC), Singapore (NMRC/TCR/004-NUS/2008; NMRC/TCR/012-NUHS/2014). Additional funding was provided by the Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR). K.M.G. and Y.S.C. have received lecture fees from Nestle Nutrition Institute and Danone, respectively. K.M.G., Y.S.C. and S.Y.C. are part of an academic consortium that has received research funding from Abbott Nutrition, Nestec and Danone. The other authors have nothing to disclose. The other authors have nothing to disclose. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER N/A.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Cai
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, 1E Kent Ridge Road, NUHS Tower Block Level 12, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - P Natarajan
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, 1E Kent Ridge Road, NUHS Tower Block Level 12, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - J K Y Chan
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore 229899, Singapore.,Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - P C Wong
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, 1E Kent Ridge Road, NUHS Tower Block Level 12, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - K H Tan
- Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore.,Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore 229899, Singapore
| | - K M Godfrey
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK.,NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - P D Gluckman
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 117609, Singapore.,Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - L P C Shek
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 117609, Singapore.,Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore 119228, Singapore.,Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore 119074, Singapore
| | - F Yap
- Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore 229899, Singapore
| | - M S Kramer
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University Faculty of Medicine, Montreal, Canada QC H3A 1A2.,Department of Pediatrics, McGill University Faculty of Medicine, Montreal, Canada QC H3G 2M1
| | - S Y Chan
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, 1E Kent Ridge Road, NUHS Tower Block Level 12, Singapore 119228, Singapore.,Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 117609, Singapore
| | - Y S Chong
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, 1E Kent Ridge Road, NUHS Tower Block Level 12, Singapore 119228, Singapore.,Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 117609, Singapore
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28
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Cheung KL, Pinder SE, Paish C, Sadozye AH, Chan SY, Evans AJ, Blamey RW, Robertson JF. The Role of Blood Tumor Marker Measurement (Using a Biochemical Index Score and C-Erbb2) in Directing Chemotherapy in Metastatic Breast Cancer. Int J Biol Markers 2018; 15:203-9. [PMID: 11012094 DOI: 10.1177/172460080001500310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The role of blood tumor markers in monitoring response in advanced breast cancer is established in endocrine therapy and standard chemotherapy. This study examines marker levels in patients receiving new chemotherapy regimens. Thirty patients were recruited into two multicenter trials in which docetaxel-based regimens were used in 15 patients. The other 15 received doxorubicin-based regimens. Biochemical response calculated from a score using CA15.3, CEA and ESR was compared with UICC response. Marker changes at 2, 4 and 5 months correlated with UICC response at 3, 41/2 and 6 months, respectively (p < 0.03). Eleven patients achieved both clinical/radiological and biochemical response at the end of treatment; markers had not yet returned to below cutoffs in seven, suggesting a possible advantage to continue chemotherapy. No patient showed a biochemical response whilst judged clinically/radiologically progressive. Nineteen patients had progressed either clinically/radiologically or biochemically at six months; of these, eight showed progression assessed earlier by markers so that a median of four cycles of chemotherapy could have been saved. Measurements of serum c-erbB2 showed a correlation with tissue c-erbB2 staining in the primary tumor (p < 0.003). Among the patients with positive tissue staining, sequential changes in serum c-erbB2 completely paralleled initial response.
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Affiliation(s)
- K L Cheung
- Department of Surgery, City Hospital, Nottingham, UK.
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Lim KK, Kwan YH, Tan CS, Low LL, Chua AP, Lee WY, Pang L, Tay HY, Chan SY, Ostbye T. The association between distance to public amenities and cardiovascular risk factors among lower income Singaporeans. Prev Med Rep 2017; 8:116-121. [PMID: 29021948 PMCID: PMC5633842 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2017.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Revised: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Existing evidence on the association between built environment and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors focused on the general population, which may not generalize to higher risk subgroups such as those with lower socio-economic status (SES). We examined the associations between distance to 5 public amenities from residential housing (public polyclinic, subsidized private clinic, healthier eatery, public park and train station) and 12 CVD risk factors (physical inactivity, medical histories and unhealthy dietary habits) among a study sample of low income Singaporeans aged ≥ 40 years (N = 1972). Using data from the Singapore Heart Foundation Health Mapping Exercise 2013–2015, we performed a series of logistic mixed effect regressions, accounting for clustering of respondents in residential blocks and multiple comparisons. Each regression analysis used the minimum distance (in km) between residential housing and each public amenity as an independent continuous variable and a single risk factor as the dependent variable, controlling for demographic characteristics. Increased distance (geographical inaccessibility) to a train station was significantly associated with lower odds of participation in sports whereas greater distance to a subsidized private clinic was associated with lower odds of having high cholesterol diagnosed. Increasing distance to park was positively associated with higher odds of less vegetable and fruits consumption, deep fried food and fast food consumption in the preceding week/month, high BMI at screening and history of diabetes, albeit not achieving statistical significance. Our findings highlighted potential effects of health-promoting amenities on CVD risk factors in urban low-income setting, suggesting gaps for further investigations. We examined associations between access to 5 amenities and 12 CVD risk factors. Only 2/60 associations were statistically significant. Poorer access to train station was associated with lower odds of sports. Poorer access to primary care was associated with lower high cholesterol diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- K K Lim
- Health Systems & Services Research, Duke NUS Medical School, Republic of Singapore
| | - Y H Kwan
- Health Systems & Services Research, Duke NUS Medical School, Republic of Singapore
| | - C S Tan
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - L L Low
- Department of Family Medicine & Continuing Care, Singapore General Hospital, Republic of Singapore
| | - A P Chua
- Department of Medicine, Ng Teng Fong General Hospital, 1 Jurong East Street 21, 609606, Republic of Singapore
| | - W Y Lee
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Republic of Singapore.,Department of Medical Informatics, Jurong Health Services, 1 Jurong East Street 21, 609606, Republic of Singapore
| | - L Pang
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - H Y Tay
- Singapore Heart Foundation, 9 Bishan Place #07-01 Junction 8 (Office Tower), 579837, Republic of Singapore
| | - S Y Chan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Block S4A, Level 3, 18 Science Drive 4, 117543, Republic of Singapore
| | - T Ostbye
- Health Systems & Services Research, Duke NUS Medical School, Republic of Singapore
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Liu DE, Dursch TJ, Taylor NO, Chan SY, Bregante DT, Radke CJ. Corrigendum to 'Diffusion of water-soluble sorptive drugs in HEMA/MAA hydrogels' [J. Control. Release, 239, (October 10, 2016), 242-248]. J Control Release 2017; 249:197. [PMID: 28196624 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D E Liu
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Department, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States
| | - T J Dursch
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Department, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States
| | - N O Taylor
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Department, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States
| | - S Y Chan
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Department, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States
| | - D T Bregante
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Department, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States
| | - C J Radke
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Department, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States; Vision Science Group, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States.
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31
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Chan SY, Matthews E, Burnet PWJ. ON or OFF?: Modulating the N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor in Major Depression. Front Mol Neurosci 2017; 9:169. [PMID: 28133445 PMCID: PMC5233677 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2016.00169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 12/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the discovery that a single dose of ketamine, an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antagonist, had rapid and long-lasting antidepressant effects, there has been increased interest in using NMDAR modulators in the pharmacotherapy of depression. Ketamine's efficacy seems to imply that depression is a disorder of NMDAR hyperfunctionality. However, studies showing that not all NMDAR antagonists are able to act as antidepressants challenge this notion. Furthermore, NMDAR co-agonists have also been gaining attention as possible treatments. Co-agonists such as D-serine and sarcosine have shown efficacy in both pre-clinical models and human trials. This raises the question of how both NMDAR antagonists and agonists are able to have converging behavioral effects. Here we critically review the evidence and proposed therapeutic mechanisms for both NMDAR antagonists and agonists, and collate several theories on how both activation and inhibition of NMDARs appear to have antidepressant effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Yu Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford Oxford, UK
| | | | - Philip W J Burnet
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford Oxford, UK
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Tamblyn JA, Susarla R, Jenkinson C, Jeffery LE, Ohizua O, Chun RF, Chan SY, Kilby MD, Hewison M. Dysregulation of maternal and placental vitamin D metabolism in preeclampsia. Placenta 2016; 50:70-77. [PMID: 28161064 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2016.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Revised: 11/27/2016] [Accepted: 12/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Epidemiology has linked preeclampsia (PET) to decreased maternal serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25(OH)D3). However, alterations in systemic and placental/decidual transport and metabolism of 25(OH)D3 during pregnancy suggest that other forms of vitamin D may also contribute to the pathophysiology of PET. METHODS In a cross sectional analysis of normal pregnant women at 1st (n = 25) and 3rd trimester (n = 21), pregnant women with PET (n = 22), and non-pregnant female controls (n = 20) vitamin D metabolites were quantified in paired maternal serum, placental, and decidual tissue. RESULTS Serum 25(OH)D3 was not significantly different in sera across all four groups. In normal 3rd trimester pregnant women serum active 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) was significantly higher than non-pregnant, normal 1st trimester pregnant, and PET women. Conversely, PET sera showed highest levels of the catabolites 3-epi-25(OH)D3 and 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (24,25(OH)2D3). Serum albumin was significantly lower in normal 3rd trimester pregnant women and PET relative to normal 1st trimester pregnant women, but there was no change in free/bioavailable 25(OH)D3. In PET placental tissue, 25(OH)D3 and 3-epi-25(OH)D3 were lower than normal 3rd trimester tissue, whilst placental 24,25(OH)2D3 was highest in PET. Tissue 1,25(OH)2D3 was detectable in 1st trimester decidua, which also showed 10-fold higher 25(OH)D3 relative to paired placentae. 3-epi-25(OH)D3 and 24,25(OH)2D3 were not different for decidua and placenta. In normal 3rd trimester pregnant women, total, free and bioavailable maternal 25(OH)D3 correlated with placental 25(OH)D3, but this was not conserved for PET. DISCUSSION These data indicate that PET is associated with decreased activation, increased catabolism, and impaired placental uptake of 25(OH)D3.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Tamblyn
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK; Fetal Medicine Centre, Birmingham Women's Foundation Trust, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TG, UK; Centre for Women's & Newborn Health, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, B15 2TH, UK
| | - R Susarla
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - C Jenkinson
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - L E Jeffery
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - O Ohizua
- Women, Children and Sexual Health Directorate, Walsall Hospitals NHS Trust, Walsall, WS2 9PS, UK
| | - R F Chun
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - S Y Chan
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National University of Singapore, 119228, Singapore
| | - M D Kilby
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK; Fetal Medicine Centre, Birmingham Women's Foundation Trust, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TG, UK; Centre for Women's & Newborn Health, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, B15 2TH, UK; Centre for Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, B15 2TH, UK
| | - M Hewison
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK; Centre for Women's & Newborn Health, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, B15 2TH, UK; Centre for Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, B15 2TH, UK.
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Liu DE, Dursch TJ, Taylor NO, Chan SY, Bregante DT, Radke CJ. Diffusion of water-soluble sorptive drugs in HEMA/MAA hydrogels. J Control Release 2016; 239:242-8. [PMID: 27565214 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Revised: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
We measure and, for the first time, theoretically predict four prototypical aqueous-drug diffusion coefficients in five soft-contact-lens material hydrogels where solute-specific adsorption is pronounced. Two-photon fluorescence confocal microscopy and UV/Vis-absorption spectrophotometry assess transient solute concentration profiles and concentration histories, respectively. Diffusion coefficients are obtained for acetazolamide, riboflavin, sodium fluorescein, and theophylline in 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate/methacrylic acid (HEMA/MAA) copolymer hydrogels as functions of composition, equilibrium water content (30-90%), and aqueous pH (2 and 7.4). At pH2, MAA chains are nonionic, whereas at pH7.4, MAA chains are anionic (pKa≈5.2). All studied prototypical drugs specifically interact with HEMA and nonionic MAA (at pH2) moieties. Conversely, none of the prototypical drugs adsorb specifically to anionic MAA (at pH7.4) chains. As expected, diffusivities of adsorbing solutes are significantly diminished by specific interactions with hydrogel strands. Despite similar solute size, relative diffusion coefficients in the hydrogels span several orders of magnitude because of varying degrees of solute interactions with hydrogel-polymer chains. To provide a theoretical framework for the new diffusion data, we apply an effective-medium model extended for solute-specific interactions with hydrogel copolymer strands. Sorptive-diffusion kinetics is successfully described by local equilibrium and Henry's law. All necessary parameters are determined independently. Predicted diffusivities are in good agreement with experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- D E Liu
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Department, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States
| | - T J Dursch
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Department, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States
| | - N O Taylor
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Department, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States
| | - S Y Chan
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Department, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States
| | - D T Bregante
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Department, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States
| | - C J Radke
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Department, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States; Vision Science Group, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States.
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Lee A, Siu DCH, Au SKL, Chen RCI, Cheng KW, Yau FT, Tong LCT, Chan SY, Tsang WW, Ho M. What are the Needs of Students? An Experience from a District Based Health Promoting Schools Project in Hong Kong. Asia Pac J Public Health 2016; 16 Suppl:S17-21. [PMID: 15828505 DOI: 10.1177/101053950401600s05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
A district based needs assessment as conducted over the past year to uderstand the health problems and the health education needs of the students in Tai Po district, Hong ong. 6879 primary one to primary six students from eighteen rimary schools, participating in a district based Health Promoting Schools Project in Hong Kong, were invited to complete a self-administrated questionnaire which was partly adapted from the Centre for Diseases and Control (CDC)'s Youth Risk Behaviour Surveillance Survey. The results presented a holistic picture of the health and needs of primary students with respect to their general health status, mental health, body weight and dietary behaviour, exercise, preventive health care, tobacco use, alcohol and other drug use, school environment and school health education. It provides baseline information for the project to prioritize the problems and strategically plan health promotion 'programmes with reference to the concept of Health Promoting Schools by the World Health Organization.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Lee
- Centre for Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2D Union Court, 18 Fu Kin Street, Tai Wai, N.T., Hong Kong
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Gowran A, Kulikova T, Lewis FC, Foldes G, Fuentes L, Viiri LE, Spinelli V, Costa A, Perbellini F, Sid-Otmane C, Bax NAM, Pekkanen-Mattila M, Schiano C, Chaloupka A, Forini F, Sarkozy M, De Jager SCA, Vajen T, Glezeva N, Lee HW, Golovkin A, Kucera T, Musikhina NA, Korzhenkov NP, Santuchi MDEC, Munteanu D, Garcia RG, Ang R, Usui S, Kamilova U, Jumeau C, Aberg M, Kostina DA, Brandt MM, Muntean D, Lindner D, Sadaba R, Bacova B, Nikolov A, Sedmera D, Ryabov V, Neto FP, Lynch M, Portero V, Kui P, Howarth FC, Gualdoni A, Prorok J, Diolaiuti L, Vostarek F, Wagner M, Abela MA, Nebert C, Xiang W, Kloza M, Maslenko A, Grechanyk M, Bhattachariya A, Morawietz H, Babaeva AR, Martinez Sanchez SM, Krychtiuk KA, Starodubova J, Fiorelli S, Rinne P, Ozkaramanli Gur D, Hofbauer T, Starodubova J, Stellos K, Pinon P, Tsoref O, Thaler B, Fraga-Silva RA, Fuijkschot WW, Shaaban MNS, Matthaeus C, Deluyker D, Scardigli M, Zahradnikova A, Dominguez A, Kondrat'eva D, Sosorburam T, Murarikova M, Duerr GD, Griecsova L, Portnichenko VI, Smolina N, Duicu OANAM, Elder JM, Zaglia T, Lorenzon A, Ruperez C, Woudstra L, Suffee N, De Lucia C, Tsoref O, Russell-Hallinan A, Menendez-Montes I, Kapelko VI, Emmens RW, Hetman O, Van Der Laarse WJ, Goncharov S, Adao R, Huisamen B, Sirenko O, Kamilova U, Nassiri I, Tserendavaa SUMIYA, Yushko K, Baldan Martin M, Falcone C, Vigorelli V, Nigro P, Pompilio G, Stepanova O, Valikhov M, Samko A, Masenko V, Tereschenko S, Teoh T, Domenjo-Vila E, Theologou T, Field M, Awad W, Yasin M, Nadal-Ginard B, Ellison-Hughes GM, Hellen N, Vittay O, Harding SE, Gomez-Cid L, Fernandez-Santos ME, Suarez-Sancho S, Plasencia V, Climent A, Sanz-Ruiz R, Hedhammar M, Atienza F, Fernandez-Aviles F, Kiamehr M, Oittinen M, Viiri KM, Kaikkonen M, Aalto-Setala K, Diolaiuti L, Laurino A, Sartiani L, Vona A, Zanardelli M, Cerbai E, Failli P, Hortigon-Vinagre MP, Van Der Heyden M, Burton FL, Smith GL, Watson S, Scigliano M, Tkach S, Alayoubi S, Harding SE, Terracciano CM, Ly HQ, Mauretti A, Van Marion MH, Van Turnhout MC, Van Der Schaft DWJ, Sahlgren CM, Goumans MJ, Bouten CVC, Vuorenpaa H, Penttinen K, Sarkanen R, Ylikomi T, Heinonen T, Aalto-Setala K, Grimaldi V, Aprile M, Esposito R, Maiello C, Soricelli A, Colantuoni V, Costa V, Ciccodicola A, Napoli C, Rowe GC, Johnson K, Arany ZP, Del Monte F, D'aurizio R, Kusmic C, Nicolini G, Baumgart M, Groth M, Ucciferri N, Iervasi G, Pitto L, Pipicz M, Gaspar R, Siska A, Foldesi I, Kiss K, Bencsik P, Thum T, Batkai S, Csont T, Haan JJ, Bosch L, Brans MAD, Van De Weg SM, Deddens JC, Lee SJ, Sluijter JPG, Pasterkamp G, Werner I, Projahn D, Staudt M, Curaj A, Soenmez TT, Simsekyilmaz S, Hackeng TM, Von Hundelshausen P, Koenen RR, Weber C, Liehn EA, Santos-Martinez M, Medina C, Watson C, Mcdonald K, Gilmer J, Ledwidge M, Song SH, Lee MY, Park MH, Choi JC, Ahn JH, Park JS, Oh JH, Choi JH, Lee HC, Cha KS, Hong TJ, Kudryavtsev I, Serebryakova M, Malashicheva A, Shishkova A, Zhiduleva E, Moiseeva O, Durisova M, Blaha M, Melenovsky V, Pirk J, Kautzner J, Petelina TI, Gapon LI, Gorbatenko EA, Potolinskaya YV, Arkhipova EV, Solodenkova KS, Osadchuk MA, Dutra MF, Oliveira FCB, Silva MM, Passos-Silva DG, Goncalves R, Santos RAS, Da Silva RF, Gavrilescu CM, Paraschiv CM, Manea P, Strat LC, Gomez JMG, Merino D, Hurle MA, Nistal JF, Aires A, Cortajarena AL, Villar AV, Abramowitz J, Birnbaumer L, Gourine AV, Tinker A, Takamura M, Takashima S, Inoue O, Misu H, Takamura T, Kaneko S, Alieva TOHIRA, Mougenot N, Dufilho M, Hatem S, Siegbahn A, Kostina AS, Uspensky VE, Moiseeva OM, Kostareva AA, Malashicheva AB, Van Dijk CGM, Chrifi I, Verhaar MC, Duncker DJ, Cheng C, Sturza A, Petrus A, Duicu O, Kiss L, Danila M, Baczko I, Jost N, Gotzhein F, Schon J, Schwarzl M, Hinrichs S, Blankenberg S, Volker U, Hammer E, Westermann D, Martinez-Martinez E, Arrieta V, Fernandez-Celis A, Jimenez-Alfaro L, Melero A, Alvarez-Asiain V, Cachofeiro V, Lopez-Andres N, Tribulova N, Wallukat G, Knezl V, Radosinska J, Barancik M, Tsinlikov I, Tsinlikova I, Nicoloff G, Blazhev A, Pesevski Z, Kvasilova A, Stopkova T, Eckhardt A, Buffinton CM, Nanka O, Kercheva M, Suslova T, Gusakova A, Ryabova T, Markov V, Karpov R, Seemann H, Alcantara TC, Santuchi MDEC, Fonseca SG, Da Silva RF, Barallobre-Barreiro J, Oklu R, Fava M, Baig F, Yin X, Albadawi H, Jahangiri M, Stoughton J, Mayr M, Podliesna SP, Veerman CCV, Verkerk AOV, Klerk MK, Lodder EML, Mengarelli IM, Bezzina CRB, Remme CAR, Takacs H, Polyak A, Morvay N, Lepran I, Tiszlavicz L, Nagy N, Ordog B, Farkas A, Forster T, Varro A, Farkas AS, Jayaprakash P, Parekh K, Ferdous Z, Oz M, Dobrzynski H, Adrian TE, Landi S, Bonzanni M, D'souza A, Boyett M, Bucchi A, Baruscotti M, Difrancesco D, Barbuti A, Kui P, Takacs H, Oravecz K, Hezso T, Polyak A, Levijoki J, Pollesello P, Koskelainen T, Otsomaa L, Farkas AS, Papp JGY, Varro A, Toth A, Acsai K, Dini L, Mazzoni L, Sartiani L, Cerbai E, Mugelli A, Svatunkova J, Sedmera D, Deffge C, Baer C, Weinert S, Braun-Dullaeus RC, Herold J, Cassar AC, Zahra GZ, Pllaha EP, Dingli PD, Montefort SM, Xuereb RGX, Aschacher T, Messner B, Eichmair E, Mohl W, Reglin B, Rong W, Nitzsche B, Maibier M, Guimaraes P, Ruggeri A, Secomb TW, Pries AR, Baranowska-Kuczko M, Karpinska O, Kusaczuk M, Malinowska B, Kozlowska H, Demikhova N, Vynnychenko L, Prykhodko O, Grechanyk N, Kuryata A, Cottrill KA, Du L, Bjorck HM, Maleki S, Franco-Cereceda A, Chan SY, Eriksson P, Giebe S, Cockcroft N, Hewitt K, Brux M, Brunssen C, Tarasov AA, Davidov SI, Reznikova EA, Tapia Abellan A, Angosto Bazarra D, Pelegrin Vivancos P, Montoro Garcia S, Kastl SP, Pongratz T, Goliasch G, Gaspar L, Maurer G, Huber K, Dostal E, Pfaffenberger S, Oravec S, Wojta J, Speidl WS, Osipova I, Sopotova I, Eligini S, Cosentino N, Marenzi G, Tremoli E, Rami M, Ring L, Steffens S, Gur O, Gurkan S, Mangold A, Scherz T, Panzenboeck A, Staier N, Heidari H, Mueller J, Lang IM, Osipova I, Sopotova I, Gatsiou A, Stamatelopoulos K, Perisic L, John D, Lunella FF, Eriksson P, Hedin U, Zeiher A, Dimmeler S, Nunez L, Moure R, Marron-Linares G, Flores X, Aldama G, Salgado J, Calvino R, Tomas M, Bou G, Vazquez N, Hermida-Prieto M, Vazquez-Rodriguez JM, Amit U, Landa N, Kain D, Tyomkin D, David A, Leor J, Hohensinner PJ, Baumgartner J, Krychtiuk KA, Maurer G, Huber K, Baik N, Miles LA, Wojta J, Seeman H, Montecucco F, Da Silva AR, Costa-Fraga FP, Anguenot L, Mach FP, Santos RAS, Stergiopulos N, Da Silva RF, Kupreishvili K, Vonk ABA, Smulders YM, Van Hinsbergh VWM, Stooker W, Niessen HWM, Krijnen PAJ, Ashmawy MM, Salama MA, Elamrosy MZ, Juettner R, Rathjen FG, Bito V, Crocini C, Ferrantini C, Gabbrielli T, Silvestri L, Coppini R, Tesi C, Cerbai E, Poggesi C, Pavone FS, Sacconi L, Mackova K, Zahradnik I, Zahradnikova A, Diaz I, Sanchez De Rojas De Pedro E, Hmadcha K, Calderon Sanchez E, Benitah JP, Gomez AM, Smani T, Ordonez A, Afanasiev SA, Egorova MV, Popov SV, Wu Qing P, Cheng X, Carnicka S, Pancza D, Jasova M, Kancirova I, Ferko M, Ravingerova T, Wu S, Schneider M, Marggraf V, Verfuerth L, Frede S, Boehm O, Dewald O, Baumgarten G, Kim SC, Farkasova V, Gablovsky I, Bernatova I, Ravingerova T, Nosar V, Portnychenko A, Drevytska T, Mankovska I, Gogvadze V, Sejersen T, Kostareva A, Sturza A, Wolf A, Privistirescu A, Danila M, Muntean D, O ' Gara P, Sanchez-Alonso JL, Harding SE, Lyon AR, Prando V, Pianca N, Lo Verso F, Milan G, Pesce P, Sandri M, Mongillo M, Beffagna G, Poloni G, Dazzo E, Sabatelli P, Doliana R, Polishchuk R, Carnevale D, Lembo G, Bonaldo P, Braghetta P, Rampazzo A, Cairo M, Giralt M, Villarroya F, Planavila A, Biesbroek PS, Emmens RWE, Juffermans LJM, Van Der Wall AC, Van Rossum AC, Niessen JWM, Krijnen PAJ, Moor Morris T, Dilanian G, Farahmand P, Puceat M, Hatem S, Gambino G, Petraglia L, Elia A, Komici K, Femminella GD, D'amico ML, Pagano G, Cannavo A, Liccardo D, Koch WJ, Nolano M, Leosco D, Ferrara N, Rengo G, Amit U, Landa N, Kain D, Leor J, Neary R, Shiels L, Watson C, Baugh J, Palacios B, Escobar B, Alonso AV, Guzman G, Ruiz-Cabello J, Jimenez-Borreguero LJ, Martin-Puig S, Lakomkin VL, Lukoshkova EV, Abramov AA, Gramovich VV, Vyborov ON, Ermishkin VV, Undrovinas NA, Shirinsky VP, Smilde BJ, Woudstra L, Fong Hing G, Wouters D, Zeerleder S, Murk JL, Van Ham SM, Heymans S, Juffermans LJM, Van Rossum AC, Niessen JWM, Krijnen PAJ, Krakhmalova O, Van Groen D, Bogaards SJP, Schalij I, Portnichenko GV, Tumanovska LV, Goshovska YV, Lapikova-Bryhinska TU, Nagibin VS, Dosenko VE, Mendes-Ferreira P, Maia-Rocha C, Santos-Ribeiro D, Potus F, Breuils-Bonnet S, Provencher S, Bonnet S, Rademaker M, Leite-Moreira AF, Bras-Silva C, Lopes J, Kuryata O, Lusynets T, Alikulov I, Nourddine M, Azzouzi L, Habbal R, Tserendavaa SUMIYA, Enkhtaivan ODKHUU, Enkhtaivan ODKHUU, Shagdar ZORIGO, Shagdar ZORIGO, Malchinkhuu MUNKHZ, Malchinkhuu MUNLHZ, Koval S, Starchenko T, Mourino-Alvarez L, Gonzalez-Calero L, Sastre-Oliva T, Lopez JA, Vazquez J, Alvarez-Llamas G, Ruilope LUISM, De La Cuesta F, Barderas MG, Bozzini S, D'angelo A, Pelissero G. Poster session 3Cell growth, differentiation and stem cells - Heart511The role of the endocannabinoid system in modelling muscular dystrophy cardiac disease with induced pluripotent stem cells.512An emerging role of T lymphocytes in cardiac regenerative processes in heart failure due to dilated cardiomyopathy513Canonical wnt signaling reverses the ‘aged/senescent’ human endogenous cardiac stem cell phenotype514Hippo signalling modulates survival of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes515Biocompatibility of mesenchymal stem cells with a spider silk matrix and its potential use as scaffold for cardiac tissue regeneration516A snapshot of genome-wide transcription in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived hepatocyte-like cells (iPSC-HLCs)517Can NOS/sGC/cGK1 pathway trigger the differentiation and maturation of mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs)?518Introduction of external Ik1 to human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes via Ik1-expressing HEK293519Cell therapy of the heart studied using adult myocardial slices in vitro520Enhancement of the paracrine potential of human adipose derived stem cells when cultured as spheroid bodies521Mechanosensitivity of cardiomyocyte progenitor cells: the strain response in 2D and 3D environments522The effect of the vascular-like network on the maturation of the human induced pluripotent stem cell derived cardiomyocytes.Transcriptional control and RNA species - Heart525Gene expression regulation in heart failure: from pathobiology to bioinformatics526Human transcriptome in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy - a novel high throughput screening527A high-throghput approach unveils putative miRNA-mediated mitochondria-targeted cardioprotective circuits activated by T3 in the post ischemia reperfusion setting528The effect of uraemia on the expression of miR-212/132 and the calcineurin pathway in the rat heartCytokines and cellular inflammation - Heart531Lack of growth differentiation factor 15 aggravates adverse cardiac remodeling upon pressure-overload in mice532Blocking heteromerization of platelet chemokines ccl5 and cxcl4 reduces inflammation and preserves heart function after myocardial infarction533Is there an association between low-dose aspirin use and clinical outcome in HFPEF? Implications of modulating monocyte function and inflammatory mediator release534N-terminal truncated intracellular matrix metalloproteinase-2 expression in diabetic heart.535Expression of CD39 and CD73 on peripheral T-cell subsets in calcific aortic stenosis536Mast cells in the atrial myocardium of patients with atrial fibrillation: a comparison with patients in sinus rhythm539Characteristics of the inflammatory response in patients with coronary artery disease and arterial hypertension540Pro-inflammatory cytokines as cardiovascular events predictors in rheumatoid arthritis and asymptomatic atherosclerosis541Characterization of FVB/N murinic bone marrow-derived macrophage polarization into M1 and M2 phenotypes542The biological expression and thoracic anterior pain syndromeSignal transduction - Heart545The association of heat shock protein 90 and TGFbeta receptor I is involved in collagen production during cardiac remodelling in aortic-banded mice546Loss of the inhibitory GalphaO protein in the rostral ventrolateral medulla of the brainstem leads to abnormalities in cardiovascular reflexes and altered ventricular excitablitiy547Selenoprotein P regulates pressure overload-induced cardiac remodeling548Study of adenylyl cyclase activity in erythrocyte membranes in patients with chronic heart failure549Direct thrombin inhibitors inhibit atrial myocardium hypertrophy in a rat model of heart failure and atrial remodeling550Tissue factor / FVIIa transactivates the IGF-1R by a Src-dependent phosphorylation of caveolin-1551Notch signaling is differently altered in endothelial and smooth muscle cells of ascending aortic aneurysm patients552Frizzled 5 expression is essential for endothelial proliferation and migration553Modulation of vascular function and ROS production by novel synthetic benzopyran analogues in diabetes mellitusExtracellular matrix and fibrosis - Heart556Cardiac fibroblasts as inflammatory supporter cells trigger cardiac inflammation in heart failure557A role for galectin-3 in calcific aortic valve stenosis558Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids- can they decrease risk for ventricular fibrillation?559Serum levels of elastin derived peptides and circulating elastin-antielastin immune complexes in sera of patients with coronary artery disease560Endocardial fibroelastosis is secondary to hemodynamic alterations in the chick model of hypoplastic left heart syndrome561Dynamics of serum levels of matrix metalloproteinases in primary anterior STEMI patients564Deletion of the alpha-7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor changes the vascular remodeling induced by transverse aortic constriction in mice.565Extracellular matrix remodelling in response to venous hypertension: proteomics of human varicose veinsIon channels, ion exchangers and cellular electrophysiology - Heart568Microtubule-associated protein RP/EB family member 1 modulates sodium channel trafficking and cardiac conduction569Investigation of electrophysiological abnormalities in a rabbit athlete's heart model570Upregulation of expression of multiple genes in the atrioventricular node of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat571miR-1 as a regulator of sinoatrial rhythm in endurance training adaptation572Selective sodium-calcium exchanger inhibition reduces myocardial dysfunction associated with hypokalaemia and ventricular fibrillation573Effect of racemic and levo-methadone on action potential of human ventricular cardiomyocytes574Acute temperature effects on the chick embryonic heart functionVasculogenesis, angiogenesis and arteriogenesis577Clinical improvement and enhanced collateral vessel growth after monocyte transplantation in mice578The role of HIF-1 alpha, VEGF and obstructive sleep apnoea in the development of coronary collateral circulation579Initiating cardiac repair with a trans-coronary sinus catheter intervention in an ischemia/reperfusion porcine animal model580Early adaptation of pre-existing collaterals after acute arteriolar and venular microocclusion: an in vivo study in chick chorioallantoic membraneEndothelium583EDH-type responses to the activator of potassium KCa2.3 and KCa3.1 channels SKA-31 in the small mesenteric artery from spontaneously hypertensive rats584The peculiarities of endothelial dysfunction in patients with chronic renocardial syndrome585Endothelial dysfunction, atherosclerosis of the carotid arteries and level of leptin in patient with coronary heart disease in combination with hepatic steatosis depend from body mass index.586Role of non-coding RNAs in thoracic aortic aneurysm associated with bicuspid aortic valve587Cigarette smoke extract abrogates atheroprotective effects of high laminar flow on endothelial function588The prognostic value of anti-connective tissue antibodies in coronary heart disease and asymptomatic atherosclerosis589Novel potential properties of bioactive peptides from spanish dry-cured ham on the endothelium.Lipids592Intermediate density lipoprotein is associated with monocyte subset distribution in patients with stable atherosclerosis593The characteristics of dyslipidemia in rheumatoid arthritisAtherosclerosis596Macrophages differentiated in vitro are heterogeneous: morphological and functional profile in patients with coronary artery disease597Palmitoylethanolamide promotes anti-inflammatory phenotype of macrophages and attenuates plaque formation in ApoE-/- mice598Amiodarone versus esmolol in the perioperative period: an in vitro study of coronary artery bypass grafts599BMPRII signaling of fibrocytes, a mesenchymal progenitor cell population, is increased in STEMI and dyslipidemia600The characteristics of atherogenesis and systemic inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis601Role of adenosine-to-inosine RNA editing in human atherosclerosis602Presence of bacterial DNA in thrombus aspirates of patients with myocardial infarction603Novel E-selectin binding polymers reduce atherosclerotic lesions in ApoE(-/-) mice604Differential expression of the plasminogen receptor Plg-RKT in monocyte and macrophage subsets - possible functional consequences in atherogenesis605Apelin-13 treatment enhances the stability of atherosclerotic plaques606Mast cells are increased in the media of coronary lesions in patients with myocardial infarction and favor atherosclerotic plaque instability607Association of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio with presence of isolated coronary artery ectasiaCalcium fluxes and excitation-contraction coupling610The coxsackie- and adenovirus receptor (CAR) regulates calcium homeostasis in the developing heart611HMW-AGEs application acutely reduces ICaL in adult cardiomyocytes612Measuring electrical conductibility of cardiac T-tubular systems613Postnatal development of cardiac excitation-contraction coupling in rats614Role of altered Ca2+ homeostasis during adverse cardiac remodeling after ischemia/reperfusion615Experimental study of sarcoplasmic reticulum dysfunction and energetic metabolism in failing myocardium associated with diabetes mellitusHibernation, stunning and preconditioning618Volatile anesthetic preconditioning attenuates ischemic-reperfusion injury in type II diabetic patients undergoing on-pump heart surgery619The effect of early and delayed phase of remote ischemic preconditioning on ischemia-reperfusion injury in the isolated hearts of healthy and diabetic rats620Post-conditioning with 1668-thioate leads to attenuation of the inflammatory response and remodeling with less fibrosis and better left ventricular function in a murine model of myocardial infarction621Maturation-related changes in response to ischemia-reperfusion injury and in effects of classical ischemic preconditioning and remote preconditioningMitochondria and energetics624Phase changes in myocardial mitochondrial respiration caused by hypoxic preconditioning or periodic hypoxic training625Desmin mutations depress mitochondrial metabolism626Methylene blue modulates mitochondrial function and monoamine oxidases-related ROS production in diabetic rat hearts627Doxorubicin modulates the real-time oxygen consumption rate of freshly isolated adult rat and human ventricular cardiomyocytesCardiomyopathies and fibrosis630Effects of genetic or pharmacologic inhibition of the ubiquitin/proteasome system on myocardial proteostasis and cardiac function631Suppression of Wnt signalling in a desmoglein-2 transgenic mouse model for arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy632Cold-induced cardiac hypertrophy is reversed after thermo-neutral deacclimatization633CD45 is a sensitive marker to diagnose lymphocytic myocarditis in endomyocardial biopsies of living patients and in autopsies634Atrial epicardial adipose tissue derives from epicardial progenitors635Caloric restriction ameliorates cardiac function, sympathetic cardiac innervation and beta-adrenergic receptor signaling in an experimental model of post-ischemic heart failure636High fat diet improves cardiac remodelling and function after extensive myocardial infarction in mice637Epigenetic therapy reduces cardiac hypertrophy in murine models of heart failure638Imbalance of the VHL/HIF signaling in WT1+ Epicardial Progenitors results in coronary vascular defects, fibrosis and cardiac hypertrophy639Diastolic dysfunction is the first stage of the developing heart failure640Colchicine aggravates coxsackievirus B3 infection in miceArterial and pulmonary hypertension642Osteopontin as a marker of pulmonary hypertension in patients with coronary heart disease combined with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease643Myocardial dynamic stiffness is increased in experimental pulmonary hypertension partly due to incomplete relaxation644Hypotensive effect of quercetin is possibly mediated by down-regulation of immunotroteasome subunits in aorta of spontaneously hypertensive rats645Urocortin-2 improves right ventricular function and attenuates experimental pulmonary arterial hypertension646A preclinical evaluation of the anti-hypertensive properties of an aqueous extract of Agathosma (Buchu)Biomarkers648The adiponectin level in hypertensive females with rheumatoid arthritis and its relationship with subclinical atherosclerosis649Markers for identification of renal dysfunction in the patients with chronic heart failure650cardio-hepatic syndromes in chronic heart failure: North Africa profile651To study other biomarkers that assess during myocardial infarction652Interconnections of apelin levels with parameters of lipid metabolism in hypertension patients653Plasma proteomics in hypertension: prediction and follow-up of albuminuria during chronic renin-angiotensin system suppression654Soluble RAGE levels in plasma of patients with cerebrovascular events. Cardiovasc Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvw150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Abstract
Acute interstitial nephritis is a common cause of acute kidney injury. Acute interstitial nephritis is most commonly induced by drug although the cause may also be infective, autoimmune, or idiopathic. Although eosinophilia and eosinophiluria may help identify this disease entity, the gold standard for diagnosis remains renal biopsy. Prompt diagnosis is important because discontinuation of the culprit drugs can reduce further kidney injury. We present a patient with an underlying psychiatric disorder who was subsequently diagnosed with clozapine-induced acute interstitial nephritis. Monitoring of renal function during clozapine therapy is recommended for early recognition of this rare side-effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Chan
- Department of Medicine, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Jordan, Hong Kong
| | - C Y Cheung
- Department of Medicine, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Jordan, Hong Kong
| | - P T Chan
- Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Jordan, Hong Kong
| | - K F Chau
- Department of Medicine, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Jordan, Hong Kong
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Cheung CY, Chan SY, Yeung CS, Kwok PC, Chak WL, Wu TC, Chau KF. Intrarenal abscess caused by community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a transplanted kidney. Transpl Infect Dis 2016; 18:293-6. [PMID: 26914730 DOI: 10.1111/tid.12518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2015] [Revised: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria is important in solid organ transplant recipients, because it can jeopardize patient and graft survival. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections are not rare in kidney transplant recipients. On the other hand, infections related to community-associated MRSA (CA-MRSA) strains are seldom reported in the literature. Herein, we report the first patient, to our knowledge, with CA-MRSA renal graft abscess who was successfully treated with drainage and parenteral antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Y Cheung
- Department of Medicine, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong SAR
| | - S Y Chan
- Department of Medicine, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong SAR
| | - C S Yeung
- Department of Medicine, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong SAR
| | - P C Kwok
- Department of Radiology and Imaging, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong SAR
| | - W L Chak
- Department of Medicine, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong SAR
| | - T C Wu
- Department of Medicine, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong SAR
| | - K F Chau
- Department of Medicine, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong SAR
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Yu YH, Narayanan G, Sankaran S, Ramasamy S, Chan SY, Lin S, Chen J, Yang H, Srivats H, Ahmed S. Purification, Visualization, and Molecular Signature of Neural Stem Cells. Stem Cells Dev 2015; 25:189-201. [PMID: 26464067 PMCID: PMC4770853 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2015.0190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Neural stem cells (NSCs) are isolated from primary brain tissue and propagated as a heterogeneous mix of cells, including neural progenitors. To date, NSCs have not been purified in vitro to allow study of their biology and utility in regenerative medicine. In this study, we identify C1qR1 as a novel marker for NSCs and show that it can be used along with Lewis-X (LeX) to yield a highly purified population of NSCs. Using time-lapse microscopy, we are able to follow NSCs forming neurospheres, allowing their visualization. Finally, using single-cell polymerase chain reaction (PCR), we determine the molecular signature of NSCs. The single-cell PCR data suggest that along with the Notch and Shh pathways, the Hippo pathway plays an important role in NSC activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Hong Yu
- 1 Neural Stem Cell Laboratory, Institute of Medical Biology , Singapore, Singapore
| | - Gunaseelan Narayanan
- 1 Neural Stem Cell Laboratory, Institute of Medical Biology , Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shvetha Sankaran
- 1 Neural Stem Cell Laboratory, Institute of Medical Biology , Singapore, Singapore
| | - Srinivas Ramasamy
- 1 Neural Stem Cell Laboratory, Institute of Medical Biology , Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shi Yu Chan
- 1 Neural Stem Cell Laboratory, Institute of Medical Biology , Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shuping Lin
- 1 Neural Stem Cell Laboratory, Institute of Medical Biology , Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jinmiao Chen
- 2 Bioinformatics Laboratory , Singapore Immunology Network, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Henry Yang
- 2 Bioinformatics Laboratory , Singapore Immunology Network, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hariharan Srivats
- 1 Neural Stem Cell Laboratory, Institute of Medical Biology , Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sohail Ahmed
- 1 Neural Stem Cell Laboratory, Institute of Medical Biology , Singapore, Singapore
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Teoh AYB, Chiu PWY, Chan SY, Cheung FKY, Chu KM, Kao SS, Lai TW, Lau CW, Law SYK, Leung CTL, Leung WK, Tong DKH, Tsang SH. Hospital Authority audit of the outcome of endoscopic resection of superficial upper gastro-intestinal lesions in Hong Kong. Hong Kong Med J 2015; 21:224-31. [PMID: 25999031 DOI: 10.12809/hkmj144380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To review the short-term outcome of endoscopic resection of superficial upper gastro-intestinal lesions in Hong Kong. DESIGN Historical cohort study. SETTING All Hospital Authority hospitals in Hong Kong. PATIENTS This was a multicentre retrospective study of all patients who underwent endoscopic resection of superficial upper gastro-intestinal lesions between January 2010 and June 2013 in all government-funded hospitals in Hong Kong. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Indication of the procedures, peri-procedural and procedural parameters, oncological outcomes, morbidity, and mortality. RESULTS During the study period, 187 lesions in 168 patients were resected. Endoscopic mucosal resection was performed in 34 (18.2%) lesions and endoscopic submucosal dissection in 153 (81.8%) lesions. The mean size of the lesions was 2.6 (standard deviation, 1.8) cm. The 30-day morbidity rate was 14.4%, and perforations and severe bleeding occurred in 4.3% and 3.2% of the patients, respectively. Among patients who had dysplasia or carcinoma, R0 resection was achieved in 78% and the piecemeal resection rate was 11.8%. Lateral margin involvement was 14% and vertical margin involvement was 8%. Local recurrence occurred in 9% of patients and 15% had residual disease. The 2-year overall survival rate and disease-specific survival rate was 90.6% and 100%, respectively. CONCLUSION Endoscopic mucosal resection and endoscopic submucosal dissection were introduced in low-to-moderate-volume hospitals with acceptable morbidity rates. The short-term survival was excellent. However, other oncological outcomes were higher than those observed in high-volume centres and more secondary procedures were required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Y B Teoh
- Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Philip W Y Chiu
- Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - S Y Chan
- Department of Surgery, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | | | - K M Chu
- Department of Surgery, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - S S Kao
- Department of Surgery, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - T W Lai
- Department of Surgery, Prince Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - C W Lau
- Department of Surgery, Yan Chai Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - Simon Y K Law
- Department of Surgery, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | | | - W K Leung
- Department of Medicine, Queen Marry Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Daniel K H Tong
- Department of Surgery, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - S H Tsang
- DDepartment of Surgery, United Christian Hospital, Hong Kong
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Law TT, Tong D, Wong SWH, Chan SY, Law S. Helicobacter pylori-negative gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma: magnifying endoscopy findings. Hong Kong Med J 2015; 21:183-6. [PMID: 25904569 DOI: 10.12809/hkmj134208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma is uncommon and most patients have an indolent clinical course. The clinical presentation and endoscopic findings can be subtle and diagnosis can be missed on white light endoscopy. Magnifying endoscopy may help identify the abnormal microstructural and microvascular patterns, and target biopsies can be performed. We describe herein the case of a 64-year-old woman with Helicobacter pylori-negative gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma diagnosed by screening magnification endoscopy. Helicobacter pylori-eradication therapy was given and she received biological therapy. She is in clinical remission after treatment. The use of magnification endoscopy in gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma and its management are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- T T Law
- Division of Esophageal and Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Daniel Tong
- Division of Esophageal and Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Sam W H Wong
- Division of Esophageal and Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - S Y Chan
- Division of Esophageal and Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Simon Law
- Division of Esophageal and Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
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Chan SY, Susarla R, Canovas D, Vasilopoulou E, Ohizua O, McCabe CJ, Hewison M, Kilby MD. Vitamin D promotes human extravillous trophoblast invasion in vitro. Placenta 2015; 36:403-9. [PMID: 25596923 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2014.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Revised: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 12/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Incomplete human extravillous trophoblast (EVT) invasion of the decidua and maternal spiral arteries is characteristic of pre-eclampsia, a condition linked to low maternal vitamin D status. It is hypothesized that dysregulated vitamin D action in uteroplacental tissues disrupts EVT invasion leading to malplacentation. METHODS This study assessed the effects of the active vitamin D metabolite, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25-D3), and its precursor, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25-D3), on primary human EVT isolated from first trimester pregnancies. Expression of EVT markers (cytokeratin-7, HLA-G), the vitamin D-activating enzyme (CYP27B1) and 1,25-D3 receptor (VDR) was assessed by immunocytochemistry. EVT responses following in vitro treatment with 1,25-D3 (0-10 nM) or 25-D3 (0-100 nM) for 48-60 h were assessed using quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis of key target genes. Effects on EVT invasion through Matrigel(®) were quantified alongside zymographic analysis of secreted matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Effects on cell viability were assessed by measurement of MTT. RESULTS EVT co-expressed mRNA and protein for CYP27B1 and VDR, and demonstrated induction of mRNA encoding vitamin D-responsive genes, 24-hydroxylase (CYP24A1) and cathelicidin following 1,25-D3 treatment. EVT could respond to 1,25-D3 and 25-D3, both of which significantly increased EVT invasion, with maximal effect at 1 nM 1,25-D3 (1.9-fold; p < 0.01) and 100 nM 25-D3 (2.2-fold; p < 0.05) respectively compared with untreated controls. This was accompanied by increased pro-MMP2 and pro-MMP9 secretion. The invasion was independent of cell viability, which remained unchanged. DISCUSSION These data support a role for vitamin D in EVT invasion during human placentation and suggest that vitamin D-deficiency may contribute to impaired EVT invasion and pre-eclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Chan
- Centre for Women's & Children's Health and the School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - R Susarla
- Centre for Women's & Children's Health and the School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - D Canovas
- Centre for Women's & Children's Health and the School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - E Vasilopoulou
- Centre for Women's & Children's Health and the School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - O Ohizua
- Women, Children and Sexual Health Directorate, Walsall Hospitals NHS Trust, Walsall, WS2 9PS, UK
| | - C J McCabe
- Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, and the School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, The University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - M Hewison
- Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, and the School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, The University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - M D Kilby
- Centre for Women's & Children's Health and the School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK; Fetal Medicine Centre, Birmingham Women's NHS Foundation Trust, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TG, UK.
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Abstract
Previous studies have highlighted disparities in care and outcomes in HIV-positive prisoners compared to HIV-positive individuals in the population. We audited clinical outcomes of HIV-positive prisoners accessing care in 2011. Public Health England were notified of 161 prisoners with HIV in the time period studied. Audit proformas were sent to clinics reporting prisoners to the genitourinary medicine clinic activity dataset in 2011. Thirty-two clinics responded. Data for 151 HIV-positive prisoners were reported by 12 clinics, with the other clinics not reporting any prisoners. Outcomes were compared to a previous audit, British HIV Association (BHIVA) and the National AIDS Trust guidelines. Initial CD4 counts were available for 101 patients, of which 42/101 had CD4 <350 cells/mm(3). At reception, viral load data were available for 95 patients, of which 74 were on antiretroviral therapy. Of these, 50/74 (68%) had VL <40 copies/ml. Fifty-one per cent of those on highly active antiretroviral therapy were seen in a specialist clinic less than four weeks after reception. Urgency of referral to a specialist HIV clinic was not related to CD4 or viral load. Twenty-two per cent had hepatitis C co-infection. Clinical outcomes have improved since the last audit but further opportunities exist to optimise care in prisons.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Chan
- St George's Hospital, London, UK
| | - K Marsh
- Public Health England, London, UK
| | - R Lau
- St George's Hospital, London, UK
| | | | - G Hughes
- Public Health England, London, UK
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Leung KS, Li CY, Tse YK, Choy TK, Leung PC, Hung VWY, Chan SY, Leung AHC, Cheung WH. Effects of 18-month low-magnitude high-frequency vibration on fall rate and fracture risks in 710 community elderly--a cluster-randomized controlled trial. Osteoporos Int 2014; 25:1785-95. [PMID: 24676848 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-014-2693-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2013] [Accepted: 03/13/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED This study is a prospective cluster-randomized controlled clinical trial involving 710 elderly subjects to investigate the long-term effects of low-magnitude high-frequency vibration (LMHFV) on fall and fracture rates, muscle performance, and bone quality. The results confirmed that LMHFV is effective in reducing fall incidence and enhancing muscle performance in the elderly. INTRODUCTION Falls are direct causes of fragility fracture in the elderly. LMHFV has been shown to improve muscle function and bone quality. This study is to investigate the efficacy of LMHFV in preventing fall and fractures among the elderly in the community. METHODS A cluster-randomized controlled trial was conducted with 710 postmenopausal females over 60 years. A total of 364 participants received daily 20 min LMHFV (35 Hz, 0.3 g), 5 days/week for 18 months; 346 participants served as control. Fall or fracture rate was taken as the primary outcome. Also, quadriceps muscle strength, balancing abilities, bone mineral density (BMD), and quality of life (QoL) assessments were done at 0, 9, and 18 months. RESULTS With an average of 66.0% compliance in the vibration group, 18.6% of 334 vibration group subjects reported fall or fracture incidences compared with 28.7% of 327 in the control (adjusted HR = 0.56, p = 0.001). The fracture rate of vibration and control groups were 1.1 and 2.3 % respectively (p = 0.171). Significant improvements were found in reaction time, movement velocity, and maximum excursion of balancing ability assessment, and also the quadriceps muscle strength (p < 0.001). No significant differences were found in the overall change of BMD. Minimal adverse effects were documented. CONCLUSION LMHFV is effective in fall prevention with improved muscle strength and balancing ability in the elderly. We recommend its use in the community as an effective fall prevention program and to decrease related injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- K S Leung
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, 5/F, Clinical Sciences Building, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Vasilopoulou E, Loubière LS, Lash GE, Ohizua O, McCabe CJ, Franklyn JA, Kilby MD, Chan SY. Triiodothyronine regulates angiogenic growth factor and cytokine secretion by isolated human decidual cells in a cell-type specific and gestational age-dependent manner. Hum Reprod 2014; 29:1161-72. [PMID: 24626803 PMCID: PMC4017942 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deu046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Does triiodothyronine (T3) regulate the secretion of angiogenic growth factors and cytokines by human decidual cells isolated from early pregnancy? SUMMARY ANSWER T3 modulates the secretion of specific angiogenic growth factors and cytokines, with different regulatory patterns observed amongst various isolated subpopulations of human decidual cells and with a distinct change between the first and second trimesters of pregnancy. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Maternal thyroid dysfunction during early pregnancy is associated with complications of malplacentation including miscarriage and pre-eclampsia. T3 regulates the proliferation and apoptosis of fetal-derived trophoblasts, as well as promotes the invasive capability of extravillous trophoblasts (EVT). We hypothesize that T3 may also have a direct impact on human maternal-derived decidual cells, which are known to exert paracrine regulation upon trophoblast behaviour and vascular development at the uteroplacental interface. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION This laboratory-based study used human decidua from first (8–11 weeks; n = 18) and second (12–16 weeks; n = 12) trimester surgical terminations of apparently uncomplicated pregnancies. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Primary cultures of total decidual cells, and immunomagnetic bead-isolated populations of stromal-enriched (CD10+) and stromal-depleted (CD10−) cells, uterine natural killer cells (uNK cells; CD56+) and macrophages (CD14+) were assessed for thyroid hormone receptors and transporters by immunocytochemistry. Each cell population was treated with T3 (0, 1, 10, 100 nM) and assessments were made of cell viability (MTT assay) and angiogenic growth factor and cytokine secretion (immunomediated assay). The effect of decidual cell-conditioned media on EVT invasion through Matrigel® was evaluated. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Immunocytochemistry showed the expression of thyroid hormone transporters (MCT8, MCT10) and receptors (TRα1, TRβ1) required for thyroid hormone-responsiveness in uNK cells and macrophages from the first trimester. The viability of total decidual cells and the different cell isolates were unaffected by T3 so changes in cell numbers could not account for any observed effects. In the first trimester, T3 decreased VEGF-A secretion by total decidual cells (P < 0.05) and increased angiopoietin-2 secretion by stromal-depleted cells (P < 0.05) but in the second trimester total decidual cells showed only increased angiogenin secretion (P < 0.05). In the first trimester, T3 reduced IL-10 secretion by total decidual cells (P < 0.05), and reduced granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (P < 0.01), IL-8 (P < 0.05), IL-10 (P < 0.01), IL-1β (P < 0.05) and monocyte chemotactic protein -1 (P < 0.001) secretion by macrophages, but increased tumour necrosis factor-α secretion by stromal-depleted cells (P < 0.05) and increased IL-6 by uNK cells (P < 0.05). In contrast, in the second trimester T3 increased IL-10 secretion by total decidual cells (P < 0.01) but did not affect cytokine secretion by uNK cells and macrophages. Conditioned media from first trimester T3-treated total decidual cells and macrophages did not alter EVT invasion compared with untreated controls. Thus, treatment of decidual cells with T3 resulted in changes in both angiogenic growth factor and cytokine secretion in a cell type-specific and gestational age-dependent manner, with first trimester decidual macrophages being the most responsive to T3 treatment, but these changes in decidual cell secretome did not affect EVT invasion in vitro. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION Our results are based on in vitro findings and we cannot be certain if a similar response occurs in human pregnancy in vivo. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Optimal maternal thyroid hormone concentrations could play a critical role in maintaining a balanced inflammatory response in early pregnancy to prevent fetal immune rejection and promote normal placental development through the regulation of the secretion of critical cytokines and angiogenic growth factors by human decidual cells. Our data suggest that there is an ontogenically determined regulatory ‘switch’ in T3 responsiveness between the first and second trimesters, and support the notion that the timely and early correction of maternal thyroid dysfunction is critical in influencing pregnancy outcomes. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This study is funded by Wellbeing of Women (RG/1082/09 to S.Y.C., M.D.K., J.A.F., L.S.L., G.E.L.) and Action Medical Research – Henry Smith Charity (SP4335 to M.D.K., S.Y.C., L.S.L., J.A.F.). The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Vasilopoulou
- School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine and the Centre for Women's and Children Health, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
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Dickinson PD, Chan SY, Sundar S. The clinical usefulness of DNA aneuploidy in borderline ovarian tumours. Onkologie 2012; 35:607. [PMID: 23038235 DOI: 10.1159/000343264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
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Chan YF, Wee KL, Chiam CW, Khor CS, Chan SY, Amalina W MZ, Sam IC. Comparative genetic analysis of VP4, VP1 and 3D gene regions of enterovirus 71 and coxsackievirus A16 circulating in Malaysia between 1997-2008. Trop Biomed 2012; 29:451-466. [PMID: 23018509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Three genomic regions, VP4 capsid, VP1 capsid and 3D RNA polymerase of human enterovirus 71 (EV-71) and coxsackievirus A16 (CV-A16) were sequenced to understand the evolution of these viruses in Malaysia. A total of 42 EV-71 and 36 CV-A16 isolates from 1997- 2008 were sequenced. Despite the presence of many EV-71 subgenotypes worldwide, only subgenotypes B3, B4, B5, C1 and C2 were present in Malaysia. Importation of other subgenotypes such as C3, C4/D and C5 from other countries was infrequent. For CV-A16, the earlier subgenotype B1 was replaced by subgenotypes B2a and the recent B2c. Subgenotype B2a was present throughout the study while B2c only emerged in 2005. No genetic signatures could be attributed to viral virulence suggesting that host factors have a major role in determining the outcome of infection. Only three EV-71 B3 isolates showed non-consistent phylogeny in the 3D RNA polymerase region which indicated occurrence of recombination in EV-71. High genetic diversity was observed in the Malaysian EV-71 but Malaysian CV-A16 showed low genetic diversity in the three genomic regions sequenced. EV-71 showed strong purifying selection, but that occurred to a lesser extent in CV-A16.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y F Chan
- Tropical Infectious Diseases Research and Education Centre, Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Smith VE, Read ML, Turnell AS, Sharma N, Lewy GD, Fong JCW, Seed RI, Kwan P, Ryan G, Mehanna H, Chan SY, Darras VM, Boelaert K, Franklyn JA, McCabe CJ. PTTG-binding factor (PBF) is a novel regulator of the thyroid hormone transporter MCT8. Endocrinology 2012; 153:3526-36. [PMID: 22535767 DOI: 10.1210/en.2011-2030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Within the basolateral membrane of thyroid follicular epithelial cells, two transporter proteins are central to thyroid hormone (TH) biosynthesis and secretion. The sodium iodide symporter (NIS) delivers iodide from the bloodstream into the thyroid, and after TH biosynthesis, monocarboxylate transporter 8 (MCT8) mediates TH secretion from the thyroid gland. Pituitary tumor-transforming gene-binding factor (PBF; PTTG1IP) is a protooncogene that is up-regulated in thyroid cancer and that binds NIS and modulates its subcellular localization and function. We now show that PBF binds MCT8 in vitro, eliciting a marked shift in MCT8 subcellular localization and resulting in a significant reduction in the amount of MCT8 at the plasma membrane as determined by cell surface biotinylation assays. Colocalization and interaction between PBF and Mct8 was also observed in vivo in a mouse model of thyroid-specific PBF overexpression driven by a bovine thyroglobulin (Tg) promoter (PBF-Tg). Thyroidal Mct8 mRNA and protein expression levels were similar to wild-type mice. Critically, however, PBF-Tg mice demonstrated significantly enhanced thyroidal TH accumulation and reduced TH secretion upon TSH stimulation. Importantly, Mct8-knockout mice share this phenotype. These data show that PBF binds and alters the subcellular localization of MCT8 in vitro, with PBF overexpression leading to an accumulation of TH within the thyroid in vivo. Overall, these studies identify PBF as the first protein to interact with the critical TH transporter MCT8 and modulate its function in vivo. Furthermore, alongside NIS repression, PBF may thus represent a new regulator of TH biosynthesis and secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- V E Smith
- School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Institute for Biomedical Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom
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Chan SY, Zhou J, Rashbrook S, Dragovic B. P81 Point (young person's) clinic audit. Br J Vener Dis 2012. [DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2012-050601c.81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Chan SY, Hegazi A, Beardall A, Hay P. P27 An audit on the management of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID): Abstract P27 Table 1. Br J Vener Dis 2012. [DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2012-050601c.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Chan SY, King R, Borgulya G, Pakianathan M, Sadiq ST, Hay P, Planche T. P183 How likely is environmental contamination of Chlamydia trachomatisDNA to lead to false positive results in patients attending our clinic? Br J Vener Dis 2012. [DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2012-050601c.183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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