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Spinella G, Valentini S, Matarazzo M, Tidu L, Ferlizza E, Isani G, Andreani G. Effects of Exercise on Urinary Biochemical Parameters and Proteins in A Group of Well-Trained Military Working Dogs. Vet Q 2023:1-12. [PMID: 37489957 PMCID: PMC10388792 DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2023.2241551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Exercise-induced proteinuria has been widely investigated in humans, also in relation to intensity and duration of activity. Instead, there are only limited publications regarding urinary biochemical parameters and urinary proteins before and after physical activity in dogs. This paper aimed to investigate the effects of exercise on urinary biochemistry and proteins in military dogs. Twenty-four dogs were enrolled in this study. All the dogs were clinically sound, and they were examined before and after activity. Pulse rates (PR) and respiratory rate (RR) were monitored. Urine was sampled before and after a training session of search activity.Standard urinalysis was carried out, urine total proteins and creatinine were measured and the urinary protein:creatinine ratio was calculated; finally, the urinary proteins were separated using sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE).Clinical examination before and after activity did not reveal any pathological finding. After activity, the PR was slightly increased, while the RR was notably increased (p < 0.05). Total proteins, albumin, and their ratio with creatinine were significantly higher after exercise when considering all the dogs included or only the females while, when considering only the males no significant difference was detected.The clinical relevance of this study was related to the possibility of using urine as a non-invasive sample for monitoring health status after training activity and exercise in dogs. An increase in microalbuminuria after search activity, measured using SDS-PAGE could be considered an early biomarker of renal function during training sessions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Spinella
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano, Bologna, Italy
| | - Simona Valentini
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Lorenzo Tidu
- Vittorio Veneto" Division Florence-NATO Multinational Division South, 50136 Firenze, FI, Italy
| | - Enea Ferlizza
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, via Belmeloro, 8, Bologna, Italy
| | - Gloria Isani
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giulia Andreani
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano, Bologna, Italy
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Spinella G, Valentini S, Lopedote M. Internet-Based Survey on Physical Activity and Incidence of Injury in Active Working Dogs. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13101647. [PMID: 37238077 DOI: 10.3390/ani13101647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
A survey with 100 multiple choice and open-ended questions was proposed by free access to working dogs' handlers. One hundred and nine respondents were recorded and their dates processed. The most represented breeds were: Belgian Malinois, Labrador, Border Collie and German Shepherds. Of these, 71.6% were intact dogs and 28.4% were spayed or neutered, with a median age range of 3-4 years. Furthermore, 55.5% had undergone early radiographic examinations for hip or elbow dysplasia diagnosis. The dogs performed the following activities: search and rescue on surface (59%), search and rescue on rubble (37%), Internationale Gebrauchshund Pruefung (IGP) (9%), man trailing (5%), sled dog (5%), search on avalanche (4%), dog towing (3%), canine shows (3%), hunting (2%), water rescue (1%), pet therapy (1%), wildlife conservation dog (1%), Mondioring (1%). Only 36.4% of respondents submitted their dogs to a specific sports medical examination and 55.5% to an orthopaedic examination. An injury incidence of 45.5% was recorded, generally related to mild musculoskeletal trauma. A limited number of handlers routinely performed warm-up and/or cool-down activities. A positive assessment emerged of the need for many respondents to attend and request education courses and updates on the proper health management of their dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Spinella
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia, 40064 Bologna, Italy
| | - Simona Valentini
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia, 40064 Bologna, Italy
| | - Mirella Lopedote
- Ambulatorio Veterinario Fisio & Sport, Grumo di San Michele all'Adige, 38010 Trento, Italy
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Melzi G, Nozza E, Crova F, Valentini S, Forello A, Valli G, Vecchi R, Costabile F, Marinovich M, Corsini E. P07-30 Study of the toxicological effect of winter and summer PM1 on BEAS-2B. Toxicol Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2022.07.373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Dolce D, Ravenni N, Campana S, Gualdi P, Mancuso G, Pezzotta R, Fiscarelli E, Medici C, Catania M, Borio T, Francescon M, Busetti M, Valentini S, Grassi P, Antonelli G, Pedna M, Favari F, Rapagnani S, Cariani L, Curtoni A, D’Aprile A, Di Bernardo F, Taccetti G. P146 Microbiological diagnostic procedures for respiratory cystic fibrosis samples: results of a survey in Italian laboratories. J Cyst Fibros 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(22)00477-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Spinella G, Tidu L, Grassato L, Musella V, Matarazzo M, Valentini S. Military Working Dogs Operating in Afghanistan Theater: Comparison between Pre- and Post-Mission Blood Analyses to Monitor Physical Fitness and Training. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12050617. [PMID: 35268187 PMCID: PMC8909791 DOI: 10.3390/ani12050617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary In modern conflicts, one of the greatest risks for military personnel is represented by explosive devices. For this reason, specifically trained dogs able to detect explosives have been more and more intensively used in humanitarian military operations. However, at present, literature regarding working problems reported by these animals is very limited. The a of this study was to evaluate the health status of military dogs participating in humanitarian missions to Afghanistan, comparing their pre- and post-mission blood work. Dogs were first considered together as a group and then divided in groups by age, sex, breed and mission length. The results of the study show that there are no particular differences between their blood work before and after the missions. This indicates that the recorded dogs were physically well prepared to face their tasks. Abstract The intergovernmental organization known as the United Nations (UN) was born “to maintain international peace and security” through different operations and tasks, including “mine action” and “explosive detection”. Explosives are the most frequent cause of injuries in military personnel and an enormous danger for civilians. The role of explosive detection dogs (EDDs) and mine detection dogs has gained great consideration over time, leading to their intense use in military operations. Literature regarding working injuries reported by EDDs during missions is limited. The aim of the present study is to investigate the hematological changes that occurred between pre- and post-mission blood analyses in military working dogs deployed to Afghanistan in order to evaluate signs of health problems or physical adjustments. Examining the clinical records, only three dogs reported a medical issue, one with gastric dilatation-volvulus (GDV), and two with lameness episodes. Lack of health issues occurring during the missions was reflected by the absence of significant differences between pre- and post-mission blood analyses. Blood results were also examined by dividing the EDDs into groups considering age at departure, sex, breed and mission length. A few categories demonstrated significant changes in some parameters; however, the mean values were always included in the ranges of normality, indicating that their physical fitness and training were adequate for the required tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Spinella
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40064 Ozzano dell’Emilia, BO, Italy;
| | - Lorenzo Tidu
- “Vittorio Veneto” Division Florence-NATO Multinational Division South, 50136 Firenze, FI, Italy;
| | - Lisa Grassato
- Veterinary Clinic “Il Podere”, 31038 Postioma, TV, Italy
- Correspondence: (L.G.); (S.V.)
| | - Vincenzo Musella
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro, 88100 Germaneto, CZ, Italy;
| | | | - Simona Valentini
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40064 Ozzano dell’Emilia, BO, Italy;
- Correspondence: (L.G.); (S.V.)
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Zambelli D, Valentini S, Ballotta G, Cunto M. Partial Vaginectomy, Complete Vaginectomy, Partial Vestibule-Vaginectomy, Vulvo-Vestibule-Vaginectomy and Vulvo-Vestibulectomy: Different Surgical Procedure in Order to Better Approach Vaginal Diseases. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12020196. [PMID: 35049818 PMCID: PMC8773321 DOI: 10.3390/ani12020196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Total or partial vulvo-vaginectomy or vaginectomy are not routinely surgery due to the complexity of the techniques and because they are considered radical treatments. Furthermore, in literature, there is a paucity of information regarding these techniques and the extent of the reproductive tract resection is not always clearly defined, as the same technique is often named in a different way by different authors, confusing the reader. The aim of this article is to review and describe five surgical procedures on the basis of the correct identification of the anatomical areas: partial vaginectomy, complete vaginectomy, partial vestibule-vaginectomy, vulvo-vestibule-vaginectomy and vulvo-vestibulectomy. For each technique, indications and possible intraoperative and perioperative complications are mentioned. Moreover, authors’ clinical experience in 33 dogs presenting genitourinary lesions not amenable to local resection via simple episiotomy and outcomes are described. Abstract Total or partial vulvo-vaginectomy or vaginectomy are not routinely performed due to the complexity of the techniques and because they are considered radical treatments. Little information can be found in the literature, as the same technique is often named in a different way by different authors, confusing the reader. Therefore, the aim of this essay is to describe five different surgical techniques: partial vaginectomy, complete vaginectomy, partial vestibule-vaginectomy, vulvo-vestibule-vaginectomy and vulvo-vestibulectomy. All techniques are described on the basis of the correct identification of the anatomical nomenclature related to structures involved in surgery, in order to give a more precise and unambiguous description and execution of surgical techniques. Moreover, possible intraoperative and perioperative complications and the authors’ clinical experience in 33 dogs are described. All techniques are well tolerated and could be curative in case of benign or malignant tumours that have not yet metastasized and palliative in other cases. Moreover, they are also useful for therapeutic purposes for chronic vaginitis, severe vaginal cysts or congenital abnormalities. It is our opinion that having five different available techniques to approach vaginal disease is useful to perform the best surgery according to the clinical findings, patient’s characteristics, technique invasiveness and whether it is palliative or not.
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Minari R, Valentini S, Madeddu D, Cavazzoni A, La Monica S, Lagrasta C, Bertorelli R, De Sanctis V, Fassan P, Azzoni C, Bottarelli L, Frati C, Gnetti L, Facchinetti F, Petronini P, Alfieri R, Romanel A, Tiseo M. YES1 and MYC amplifications as synergistic resistance mechanisms to different generation ALK-TKIs in advanced NSCLC: brief report of clinical and preclinical proofs. JTO Clin Res Rep 2022; 3:100278. [PMID: 35199053 PMCID: PMC8851257 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtocrr.2022.100278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are the standard treatment for advanced ALK-positive NSCLC. Nevertheless, drug resistance inevitably occurs. Here, we report a case of a patient with metastatic ALK-positive lung adenocarcinoma with an impressive resistance to sequential treatment with ALK TKIs mediated by YES1 and MYC amplification in a contest of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and high progressive chromosomal instability. Methods The patient received, after chemotherapy and 7 months of crizotinib, brigatinib and lorlatinib with no clinical benefit to both treatments. A study of resistance mechanisms was performed with whole exome sequencing on different biological samples; primary cell lines were established from pleural effusion after lorlatinib progression. Results At whole exome sequencing analysis, YES1 and MYC amplifications were observed both in the pericardial biopsy and the pleural effusion samples collected at brigatinib and lorlatinib progression, respectively. Increasing chromosomal instability from diagnostic biopsy to pleural effusion was also observed. The addition of dasatinib to brigatinib or lorlatinib restored the sensitivity in primary cell lines; data were confirmed also in H3122_ALK-positive model overexpressing both YES1 and MYC. Conclusions In conclusion, YES1 and MYC amplifications are candidates to justify a rapid acquired resistance to crizotinib entailing primary brigatinib and lorlatinib resistance. In this context, a combination strategy of ALK TKI with dasatinib could be effective to overcome a rapid resistance.
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Ferrero L, Bernardoni V, Santagostini L, Cogliati S, Soldan F, Valentini S, Massabò D, Močnik G, Gregorič A, Rigler M, Prati P, Bigogno A, Losi N, Valli G, Vecchi R, Bolzacchini E. Consistent determination of the heating rate of light-absorbing aerosol using wavelength- and time-dependent Aethalometer multiple-scattering correction. Sci Total Environ 2021; 791:148277. [PMID: 34119780 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Accurate and temporally consistent measurements of light absorbing aerosol (LAA) heating rate (HR) and of its source apportionment (fossil-fuel, FF; biomass-burning, BB) and speciation (black and brown Carbon; BC, BrC) are needed to evaluate LAA short-term climate forcing. For this purpose, wavelength- and time-dependent accurate LAA absorption coefficients are required. HR was experimentally determined and apportioned (sources/species) in the EMEP/ACTRIS/COLOSSAL-2018 winter campaign in Milan (urban-background site). Two Aethalometers (AE31/AE33) were installed together with a MAAP, CPC, OPC, a low volume sampler (PM2.5) and radiation instruments. AE31/AE33 multiple-scattering correction factors (C) were determined using two reference systems for the absorption coefficient: 1) 5-wavelength PP_UniMI with low time resolution (12 h, applied to PM2.5 samples); 2) timely-resolved MAAP data at a single wavelength. Using wavelength- and time-independent C values for the AE31 and AE33 obtained with the same reference device, the total HR showed a consistency (i.e. reproducibility) with average values comparable at 95% probability. However, if different reference devices/approaches are used, i.e. MAAP is chosen as reference instead of a PP_UniMI, the HR can be overestimated by 23-30% factor (by both AE31/AE33). This became more evident focusing on HR apportionment: AE33 data (corrected by a wavelength- and time-independent C) showed higher HRFF (+24 ± 1%) and higher HRBC (+10 ± 1%) than that of AE31. Conversely, HRBB and HRBrC were -28 ± 1% and -29 ± 1% lower for AE33 compared to AE31. These inconsistencies were overcome by introducing a wavelength-dependent Cλ for both AE31 and AE33, or using multi-wavelength apportionment methods, highlighting the need for further studies on the influence of wavelength corrections for HR determination. Finally, the temporally-resolved determination of C resulted in a diurnal cycle of the HR not statistically different whatever the source- speciation- apportionment used.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Ferrero
- GEMMA and POLARIS Centre, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy.
| | - V Bernardoni
- Dipartimento di Fisica "A. Pontremoli", Università degli Studi di Milano & INFN-Milan, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - L Santagostini
- GEMMA and POLARIS Centre, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - S Cogliati
- GEMMA and POLARIS Centre, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy; Remote Sensing of Environmental Dynamics Lab., DISAT, University of Milano-Bicocca, P.zza della Scienza 1, 20126, Milano, Italy
| | - F Soldan
- Dipartimento di Fisica "A. Pontremoli", Università degli Studi di Milano & INFN-Milan, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - S Valentini
- Dipartimento di Fisica "A. Pontremoli", Università degli Studi di Milano & INFN-Milan, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - D Massabò
- Dip. di Fisica Università di Genova & INFN Sezione di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - G Močnik
- Center for Atmospheric Research, University of Nova Gorica, SI-5000 Nova Gorica, Slovenia; Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Jozef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - A Gregorič
- Center for Atmospheric Research, University of Nova Gorica, SI-5000 Nova Gorica, Slovenia; Aerosol d.o.o., Kamniška 39A, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - M Rigler
- Aerosol d.o.o., Kamniška 39A, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - P Prati
- Dip. di Fisica Università di Genova & INFN Sezione di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - A Bigogno
- GEMMA and POLARIS Centre, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - N Losi
- GEMMA and POLARIS Centre, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - G Valli
- Dipartimento di Fisica "A. Pontremoli", Università degli Studi di Milano & INFN-Milan, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - R Vecchi
- Dipartimento di Fisica "A. Pontremoli", Università degli Studi di Milano & INFN-Milan, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - E Bolzacchini
- GEMMA and POLARIS Centre, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
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Spinella G, Arcamone G, Valentini S. Cranial Cruciate Ligament Rupture in Dogs: Review on Biomechanics, Etiopathogenetic Factors and Rehabilitation. Vet Sci 2021; 8:vetsci8090186. [PMID: 34564580 PMCID: PMC8472898 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci8090186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Cranial cruciate ligament (CrCL) rupture is one of the most common orthopaedic conditions in veterinary medicine. CrCL plays a fundamental role in the stability and biomechanics of the femoral-tibio-patellar joint, and its incorrect functionality severely impacts on the quality of life of patients. In dogs, the structural weakening of this joint due to the progressive degeneration of the ligament is the most accredited etiopathogenetic hypothesis in relation to the dog signalment (breed, sex and age) and the stifle joint conformation. In humans, this injury is often traumatic and generally occurs during sporting activities. CrCL rupture can be managed conservatively or surgically, and decisions regarding treatment are due to numerous factors: the patient’s age and health, the degree of stifle instability, and cost. Physiotherapy protocols play an important role in rehabilitation, with similar goals in humans and dogs: pain management, physiological articular range of motion recovery, periarticular and core muscle strengthening, and proprioceptive deficit correction. Physiotherapy, even if often neglected in veterinary medicine, is mandatory for the recovery of the correct functionality of the injured limb and for the return to normal daily and sporting activities.
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Nozza E, Valentini S, Melzi G, Vecchi R, Corsini E. Advances on the immunotoxicity of outdoor particulate matter: A focus on physical and chemical properties and respiratory defence mechanisms. Sci Total Environ 2021; 780:146391. [PMID: 33774291 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Particulate matter (PM) is acknowledged to have multiple detrimental effects on human health. In this review, we report literature results on the possible link between outdoor PM and health outcomes with a focus on pulmonary infections and the mechanisms responsible for observed negative effects. PM physical and chemical properties, such as size and chemical composition, as well as major emission sources are described for a more comprehensive view about the role played by atmospheric PM in the observed adverse health effects; to this aim, major processes leading to the deposition of PM in the respiratory tract and how this can pave the way to the onset of pathologies are also presented. From the literature works here reviewed, two ways in which PM can threaten human health promoting respiratory infectious diseases are mostly taken into account. The first pathway is related to an enhanced susceptibility and here we will also report on molecular mechanisms in the lung immune system responsible for the augmented susceptibility to pathogens, such as the damage of mechanical defensive barriers, the alteration of the innate immune response, and the generation of oxidative stress. The second one deals with the relationship between infectious agents and PM; here we recall that viruses and bacteria (BioPM) are themselves part of atmospheric PM and are collected during sampling together with particles of different origin; so, data should be analysed with caution in order to avoid any false cause-effect relation. To face these issues a multidisciplinary approach is mandatory as also evident from the ongoing research about the mechanisms hypothesized for the SARS-CoV-2 airborne spreading, which is still controversial and claims for further investigation. Therefore, we preferred not to include papers dealing with SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Nozza
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milan, Italy; Department of Physics, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 16, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - S Valentini
- Department of Physics, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 16, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - G Melzi
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (DiSFeB), Università degli Studi di Milano, via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - R Vecchi
- Department of Physics, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 16, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - E Corsini
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milan, Italy
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Spinella G, Valentini S, Musella V, Bortolotti E, Lopedote M. Clinical Evaluation of Creatine Kinase and Aspartate Aminotransferase for Monitoring Muscle Effort in Working Dogs in Different Simulated Fieldworks. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11071879. [PMID: 34202627 PMCID: PMC8300274 DOI: 10.3390/ani11071879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The clinical profiles of muscle biomarkers (Creatine Kinase-CK-and Aspartate Aminotransferase-AST) performed during training may help in determining the fitness level of dogs and their potentiality to perform specific activities. This study investigated the potential variations of physiological parameters and muscular biomarkers in trained search and rescue dogs during search activity in two different areas. The aim was to verify the absence of any muscular enzymes after 20 min of search activity. The variations of physiological parameters (pulse rate; respiratory rate; rectal body temperature) and skeletal muscular biomarkers (CK and AST) were evaluated before and after search activity. Twenty-three trained dogs met the inclusion criteria and were divided into two groups. One group experienced search activity in a well-known area, while the second one in a similar, but unknown, area. The results for physiological parameters and skeletal muscular biomarkers values showed no significant differences between the two groups (p > 0.05), confirming that an effective conditioning protects against enzymatic alteration during a 20 min duration of submaximal activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Spinella
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell’Emilia, 40064 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Simona Valentini
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell’Emilia, 40064 Bologna, Italy;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-051-2097530
| | - Vincenzo Musella
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
| | - Enrico Bortolotti
- Clinica Veterinaria San Michele, 38010 Grumo di San Michele all’Adige, Italy; (E.B.); (M.L.)
| | - Mirella Lopedote
- Clinica Veterinaria San Michele, 38010 Grumo di San Michele all’Adige, Italy; (E.B.); (M.L.)
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Iamiceli AL, Abate V, Abballe A, Bena A, De Filippis SP, Dellatte E, De Luca S, Fulgenzi AR, Iacovella N, Ingelido AM, Ivaldi C, Marra V, Miniero R, Valentini S, Farina E, Gandini M, Orengia M, Procopio E, Salamina G, De Felip E. Biomonitoring of the adult population living near the waste incinerator of Turin: Serum concentrations of PCDDs, PCDFs, and PCBs after three years from the plant start-up. Chemosphere 2021; 272:129882. [PMID: 33588142 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In September 2013 a waste-to-energy (WTE) incinerator located in the Turin area (Piedmont, Northern Italy) started to produce energy by the incineration of municipal solid wastes. The plant, one of the largest WTE incinerator in Europe, burns up to 490,000 tons of waste per year. A health surveillance program was implemented in order to evaluate the potential health effects on the population living near the plant. This program included a biomonitoring study aimed at assessing levels of several environmental contaminants including, among others, PCDDs, PCDFs, and PCBs. Before the WTE incinerator start-up (T0), a group of 85 subjects (41 "exposed" and 44 "not exposed" subjects) was randomly selected for enrollment by the local health units among individuals aged 36-50 years who had been living in the same area for at least five years prior to the study. Subjects were balanced by exposure area, sex and five-year age classes. As from the study design, the same cohort was re-evaluated after three years of incinerator activity (T2). A parallel study was conducted on a group of 12 farmers living and/or working in farms located in an area in the range of 5 km around the incinerator. Results of this study did not evidence any impact of the WTE plant on human exposure to PCDDs, PCDFs, and PCBs. In fact, no significant differences were found in the concentrations of PCDDs + PCDFs, DL-PCBs, and NDL-PCBs measured in the population group residing near the plant after three years of activity (T2) with respect to the control group. A significant decrease of serum concentrations of all the analytes was observed at T2 in both groups compared to T0. Serum concentrations of PCDDs, PCDFs, and PCBs in the group of farmers were higher than those observed in the adult population under study.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Iamiceli
- Italian National Institute for Health, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy.
| | - V Abate
- Italian National Institute for Health, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - A Abballe
- Italian National Institute for Health, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - A Bena
- Department of Epidemiology -ASL TO3, Via Sabaudia 164, Grugliasco (Turin), Italy
| | - S P De Filippis
- Italian National Institute for Health, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - E Dellatte
- Italian National Institute for Health, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - S De Luca
- Italian National Institute for Health, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - A R Fulgenzi
- Italian National Institute for Health, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - N Iacovella
- Italian National Institute for Health, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - A M Ingelido
- Italian National Institute for Health, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - C Ivaldi
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, Regional Environmental Protection Agency, Via Pio VII 9, 10135, Turin, Italy
| | - V Marra
- Italian National Institute for Health, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - R Miniero
- Italian National Institute for Health, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - S Valentini
- Italian National Institute for Health, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - E Farina
- Department of Epidemiology -ASL TO3, Via Sabaudia 164, Grugliasco (Turin), Italy
| | - M Gandini
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, Regional Environmental Protection Agency, Via Pio VII 9, 10135, Turin, Italy
| | - M Orengia
- Department of Epidemiology -ASL TO3, Via Sabaudia 164, Grugliasco (Turin), Italy
| | - E Procopio
- Department of Prevention, ASL TO3, Piazza San Francesco 4, Susa (Turin), Italy
| | - G Salamina
- Department of Prevention, ASL TO1, Via Della Consolata 10, Turin, Italy
| | - E De Felip
- Italian National Institute for Health, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
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Valentini S, Bruno E, Nanni C, Musella V, Antonucci M, Spinella G. Superficial Heating Evaluation by Thermographic Imaging before and after Tecar Therapy in Six Dogs Submitted to a Rehabilitation Protocol: A Pilot Study. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:249. [PMID: 33498480 PMCID: PMC7909562 DOI: 10.3390/ani11020249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Thermography is a non-invasive diagnostic method commonly used to monitor changes of the body surface temperature potentially induced by different conditions such as fever, inflammation, trauma, or changes of tissue perfusion. Capacitive-resistive diathermy therapy (such as energy transfer capacitive and resistive-Tecar) is commonly used in rehabilitation due to its diathemic effect secondary to blood circulation increase that could accelerate the healing process. The aim of this study was to monitor by thermal camera the diathermic effects induced by Tecar on the surface of the region of application. The investigation was conducted on six dogs referred for Tecar therapy to treat muscle contractures (three dogs) or osteoarthritis (three dogs). Eleven anatomical treated regions were recorded. Thermographic images and relative measurements were obtained by each region immediately before (T0), at conclusion (T1), and sixty seconds after the Tecar application (T2). Data were recorded and statistically analyzed. A comparison of temperature differences (maximum, minimum and mean values) between T0 and T1, T0 and T2, and T1 and T2 was performed by ANOVA test with Bonferroni post hoc (p ≤ 0.05). Statistically significant differences were detected for mean temperature between T0 (32.42 ± 1.57 °C) and T1 (33.36 ± 1.17 °C) (p = 0.040) and between T1 and T2 (32.83 ± 1.31 °C) (p = 0.031). Furthermore, there was no significant difference between the mean temperature at T0 and T2, demonstrating that superficial diathermic effect exhausted within 60 s.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Valentini
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell’Emilia, 40064 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Enrico Bruno
- Veterinary Hospital “I Portoni Rossi”, Anzola dell’Emilia, 40011 Bologna, Italy; (E.B.); (C.N.); (M.A.)
| | - Caterina Nanni
- Veterinary Hospital “I Portoni Rossi”, Anzola dell’Emilia, 40011 Bologna, Italy; (E.B.); (C.N.); (M.A.)
| | - Vincenzo Musella
- Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
| | - Michela Antonucci
- Veterinary Hospital “I Portoni Rossi”, Anzola dell’Emilia, 40011 Bologna, Italy; (E.B.); (C.N.); (M.A.)
| | - Giuseppe Spinella
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell’Emilia, 40064 Bologna, Italy;
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Cola V, Del Magno S, Valentini S, Zanardi S, Foglia A, Spinella G, Capitani O, Buracco P, Pisoni L. Deep Vegetal Foreign Bodies in Cats: A Retrospective Study of 10 Cases. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 2020; 55:249-255. [PMID: 31433218 DOI: 10.5326/jaaha-ms-6913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to describe the anatomic locations and treatments available for deeply located vegetal foreign bodies in cats. Ten cases of migrating vegetal foreign bodies (vFBs) requiring surgical removal are reported. The diagnoses of vFBs in the thoracic cavity (4/10), retroperitoneal space (2/10), and paratracheal region (1/10) were obtained by ultrasound examination; however, in the perineum or penile urethra (2/10) and peritoneum (1/10), the vFBs were found during surgery. Intraoperative ultrasound guidance helped remove vFBs from the retroperitoneal space and paratracheal tissues. Clinical signs resolved in 8 out of 10 cases, 1 out of 10 cases had recurrent draining fistula, and 1 out of 10 was euthanized for ethical reasons. The intrathoracic was the most common location in the present study, followed by retroperitoneal space and urethra/perineum. Ultrasound guidance was essential for the diagnosis and/or treatment of vFBs located in the thoracic, retroperitoneal, and cervical regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Cola
- From the Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy (V.C., S.D-M., S.Z., A.F., G.S., O.C., L.P., S.V.); and Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy (P.B.)
| | - Sara Del Magno
- From the Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy (V.C., S.D-M., S.Z., A.F., G.S., O.C., L.P., S.V.); and Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy (P.B.)
| | - Simona Valentini
- From the Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy (V.C., S.D-M., S.Z., A.F., G.S., O.C., L.P., S.V.); and Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy (P.B.)
| | - Stefano Zanardi
- From the Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy (V.C., S.D-M., S.Z., A.F., G.S., O.C., L.P., S.V.); and Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy (P.B.)
| | - Armando Foglia
- From the Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy (V.C., S.D-M., S.Z., A.F., G.S., O.C., L.P., S.V.); and Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy (P.B.)
| | - Giuseppe Spinella
- From the Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy (V.C., S.D-M., S.Z., A.F., G.S., O.C., L.P., S.V.); and Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy (P.B.)
| | - Ombretta Capitani
- From the Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy (V.C., S.D-M., S.Z., A.F., G.S., O.C., L.P., S.V.); and Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy (P.B.)
| | - Paolo Buracco
- From the Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy (V.C., S.D-M., S.Z., A.F., G.S., O.C., L.P., S.V.); and Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy (P.B.)
| | - Luciano Pisoni
- From the Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy (V.C., S.D-M., S.Z., A.F., G.S., O.C., L.P., S.V.); and Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy (P.B.)
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Lopedote M, Valentini S, Musella V, Vilar JM, Spinella G. Changes in Pulse Rate, Respiratory Rate and Rectal Temperature in Working Dogs before and after Three Different Field Trials. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10040733. [PMID: 32340191 PMCID: PMC7222833 DOI: 10.3390/ani10040733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Competitions dedicated to working dogs have greatly expanded in order to select the best canine individuals for Search-and-Rescue (SAR) activity. Therefore, it is essential to identify physiological parameters for a rapid clinical evaluation in order to provide useful information on the physical fitness of athlete dogs. In the present study, heart rate, respiratory rate and rectal temperature were investigated during three different working activities. Heart rate was the most conditioned parameter by exercise and, probably, the most useful to evaluate the canine predisposition and response to work. Respiratory rate and rectal temperature were more affected by environmental variables. Abstract Physiological changes (pulse rate, respiratory rate and rectal temperature) induced by exercise are usually studied as physical fitness indices. The aim of this study was to investigate how these physiological parameters could be modified in a group of trained working dogs during three different field trials (rubble, search on field, obedience), in order to assess which parameter would be more useful to detect the dog response to exercise. Nine dogs were included in this study. The animals were monitored at rest, immediately before and after the working session. Pulse rate values increased significantly in all the phases compared to rest status. Respiratory rate values increased significantly after the competition, while rectal temperature was significantly increased only after search on rubbles and obedience activities. Reference values for specific competitions need to be stablished in order to promptly identify poor performance or exercise intolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirella Lopedote
- Clinica Veterinaria San Michele, 38010 Grumo di San Michele all’Adige (TN), Italy;
| | - Simona Valentini
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40064 Ozzano dell’Emilia (BO), Italy; (S.V.); (G.S.)
| | - Vincenzo Musella
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro, 88100 Germaneto (CZ), Italy;
| | - Jose Manuel Vilar
- Department of Animal Pathology, Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Universitarias, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35416 Arucas, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Giuseppe Spinella
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40064 Ozzano dell’Emilia (BO), Italy; (S.V.); (G.S.)
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Grassato L, Spinella G, Musella V, Giunti M, Vilar JM, Valentini S. Pre- and post-surgical evaluation of plasma lactate concentration in 45 dogs with gastric dilatation-volvulus: A preliminary study. Heliyon 2020; 6:e03307. [PMID: 32051874 PMCID: PMC7002851 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
This preliminary study was designed to contribute to the evaluation of reliability of plasma lactate concentration (PLC) and its clearance as predictive and prognostic factors of gastric necrosis and clinical outcome of dogs affected by gastric dilatation-volvulus (GDV). Main aims of the study were: 1) to evaluate the prognostic reliability of PLC at presentation (T0) in dogs with GDV, 2) to compare the obtained data and considerations with the veterinary literature, and 3) to introduce the possible validity of PLC values at 24 (T24) and 48 (T48) hours after surgery as a predictive factor. Dogs with GDV were retrospectively evaluated. PLC at T0, T24 and T48 were recorded and correlated to the presence or absence of macroscopic necrosis of the stomach and to outcome. Forty-five dogs met the inclusion criteria. Significant differences were not detected in the mean values between the initial PLC in dogs with and without necrosis of the gastric wall, as well as between surviving and non-surviving dogs; these values were not associated with higher risk of gastric necrosis or death. At T24 and T48 no significant differences were recorded between necrosis and non-necrosis, and surviving and non-surviving categories. A median plasma lactate concentration clearance from arrival to T24 ≥ 50% was identified in both groups (with and without necrosis), and this parameter failed in identifying dogs that survived to discharge. In conclusion, the results presented here failed to detect PLC at T0 and its clearance at T24 as prognostic factors in this population of dogs with GDV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Grassato
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano dell’Emilia, BO, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Spinella
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano dell’Emilia, BO, Italy
- Corresponding author.
| | - Vincenzo Musella
- Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, viale Europa, 88100 Germaneto, CZ, Italy
| | - Massimo Giunti
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano dell’Emilia, BO, Italy
| | - José Manuel Vilar
- Department of Animal Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Trasmontaña S/N, Arucas, 35413 Las Palmas, Spain
| | - Simona Valentini
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano dell’Emilia, BO, Italy
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Pasolini MP, Spinella G, Del Prete C, Valentini S, Coluccia P, Auletta L, Greco M, Meomartino L. Ultrasonographic assessment of normal jugular veins in Standardbred horses. BMC Vet Res 2019; 15:343. [PMID: 31619232 PMCID: PMC6794831 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-019-2104-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ultrasonography (US) is the recommended imaging technique to evaluate jugular veins. This prospective randomized clinical study was designed to collect a series of B-mode US measurements of manually distended jugular veins in healthy Italian Standardbreds and to find possible correlations between ultrasound measurements and animal morphometric characteristics. Forty-two horses, eight males and 34 females (range 3–22 years; bodyweight 494.4 ± 41.7 kg), were included in the study. The diameters and wall thicknesses of both jugular veins were measured at three different sites of the neck. The differences in ultrasound measurements based on scans, age, gender, side, and site of the neck were evaluated by ANOVA or by the Kruskal-Wallis test. The effects of the morphometric measures on each ultrasound parameter were evaluated by MANOVA (P < 0.05). Results The ultrasound measurements did not differ significantly between the three different sites or between genders; hence, they were pooled together in the results. On the transverse scan, the mean dorsoventral and lateromedial diameters were 1.58 ± 0.23 and 2.20 ± 0.25 cm, respectively; the mean superficial and deep wall thicknesses (SWT and DWT) were 0.07 ± 0.01 and 0.08 ± 0.01 cm, respectively. On the longitudinal scan, the mean dorsoventral diameter was 1.59 ± 0.26 cm, and the SWT and DWT were both 0.08 ± 0.01 cm. Neck length, from the caudal edge of the mandible to the thoracic inlet, was related to the dorsoventral diameter in both longitudinal and transverse scan and to the SWT and DWT in transverse scan, whereas height at the withers (measured with tape) and estimated weight were related to the wall thickness. Dividing the subjects into groups by age in years (“young” 3–7, “mature” 8–14, “old” > 14), differences were found for the lateromedial diameter in the transverse scan and the SWT on the longitudinal scan. The main limitation of this study was that only one operator performed the measurements. Conclusion The US measurements of the jugular veins and their relationship with morphometric measures reported in this manuscript might be considered as guidelines both for early diagnosis and monitoring jugular vein abnormalities in healthy Italian Standardbred horses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Pia Pasolini
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Via a Federico Delpino, 1, 80137, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Spinella
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University Alma Mater of Bologna, via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064, Ozzano dell'Emilia, BO, Italy
| | - Chiara Del Prete
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Via a Federico Delpino, 1, 80137, Naples, Italy.
| | - Simona Valentini
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University Alma Mater of Bologna, via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064, Ozzano dell'Emilia, BO, Italy
| | - Pierpaolo Coluccia
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Via a Federico Delpino, 1, 80137, Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Auletta
- IRCCS SDN, via E. Gianturco 113, 80143, Naples, Italy
| | - Michele Greco
- Clevedale Veterinary Practice, Home Farm, Redcar, UK
| | - Leonardo Meomartino
- Interdepartmental Radiology Centre, University of Naples Federico II, Via Federico Delpino 1, 80137, Naples, Italy
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18
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Grassato L, Drudi D, Pinna S, Valentini S, Diana A, Spinella G. Shoulder Lameness in Dogs: Preliminary Investigation on Ultrasonography, Signalment and Hemato-Biochemical Findings Correlation. Front Vet Sci 2019; 6:229. [PMID: 31338372 PMCID: PMC6629763 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2019.00229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Forelimb lameness in medium and large breed dogs is frequently caused by traumatic or degenerative injuries of the shoulder. Patient history, physical examination, x-rays, blood, and chemical work are routinely used to achieve diagnosis, and may be associated with ultrasonography or magnetic resonance imaging. Ultrasonography is increasingly popular in small animal practice due to its low cost, ease of repetition, and the fact that it is non-invasive and can be performed in conscious patients. It is also widely accepted that muscular stress or injuries can induce detectable variations in blood and chemical work. The aim of this preliminary study is to search for correlation between measurements of selected hematobiochemical parameters and ultrasound diagnosis in dogs affected by shoulder injuries. A retrospective study was conducted on orthopedic clinical records of dogs presented to our Veterinary Teaching Hospital for lameness caused by shoulder problems over a period of 5 years. Dogs with both hematobiochemical and ultrasound examinations were selected. Patients were classified into 5 groups according to ultrasound diagnosis: (1) mild/moderate tendinopathy, (2) severe tendinopathy, (3) articular damage, (4) chronic myopathy, and (5) neoplastic injury. Statistical analysis was performed to detect possible correlations between group and hematobiochemical parameters. Forty-four dogs met the inclusion criteria and forty-nine shoulders were diagnosed as injured. Significant differences were found between the age, sex, body weight, neutrophil count, and AST levels. In particular, statistically significant increases were found for neutrophil count and AST concentration in case of ultrasonographically diagnosed severe tendinopathy, articular damage, and neoplastic pathology. Further and wider studies are suggested to determine whether these biomarkers can become a useful diagnostic aid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Grassato
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Dario Drudi
- Clinica Veterinaria Nervianese, Nerviano, Italy
| | - Stefania Pinna
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Simona Valentini
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessia Diana
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Spinella
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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19
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Tagliamonte NL, Valentini S, Sudano A, Portaccio I, De Leonardis C, Formica D, Accoto D. Switching Assistance for Exoskeletons During Cyclic Motions. Front Neurorobot 2019; 13:41. [PMID: 31275130 PMCID: PMC6594260 DOI: 10.3389/fnbot.2019.00041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper proposes a novel control algorithm for torque-controlled exoskeletons assisting cyclic movements. The control strategy is based on the injection of energy parcels into the human-robot system with a timing that minimizes perturbations, i.e., when the angular momentum is maximum. Electromyographic activity of main flexor-extensor knee muscles showed that the proposed controller mostly favors extensor muscles during extension, with a statistically significant reduction in muscular activity in the range of 10–20% in 60 out of 72 trials (i.e., 83%), while no effect related to swinging speed was recorded (speed variation was lower than 10% in 92% of the trials). In the remaining cases muscular activity increment, when statistically significant, was less than 10%. These results showed that the proposed algorithm reduced muscular effort during the most energetically demanding part of the movement (the extension of the knee against gravity) without perturbing the spatio-temporal characteristics of the task and making it particularly suitable for application in exoskeleton-assisted cyclic motions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nevio Luigi Tagliamonte
- Biomedical Robotics and Biomicrosystems Research Unit, Department of Engineering, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Simona Valentini
- Biomedical Robotics and Biomicrosystems Research Unit, Department of Engineering, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Angelo Sudano
- Biomedical Robotics and Biomicrosystems Research Unit, Department of Engineering, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Iacopo Portaccio
- Biomedical Robotics and Biomicrosystems Research Unit, Department of Engineering, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara De Leonardis
- Biomedical Robotics and Biomicrosystems Research Unit, Department of Engineering, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Domenico Formica
- NEXT: Neurophysiology and Neuroengineering of Human-Technology Interaction Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Dino Accoto
- Robotics Research Centre, School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
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Spinella G, Dondi F, Grassato L, Magna L, Cola V, Giunti M, Del Magno S, Valentini S. Prognostic value of canine pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity and lipase activity in dogs with gastric dilatation-volvulus. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0204216. [PMID: 30226861 PMCID: PMC6143268 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0204216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the association between a selection of candidate predictor variables, including the elevation of specific pancreatic enzymes, and outcome in dogs with gastric dilatation-volvulus (GDV). Twenty-two dogs with gastric dilatation-volvulus were included, being classified as survivors or non-survivors based on the final outcome. Dogs with intestinal obstruction (n = 16) were selected for comparison. Blood samples were collected upon admission (T0) and after 24 hours (T1). Serum lipase activity, canine pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity (cPLI) and other variables (plasma lactate concentration and C- reactive protein -CRP- in particular) were evaluated as predictive variables. T0 cPLI and serum lipase activity were not found to differ significantly between dogs with gastric dilatation-volvulus or intestinal obstruction. Canine pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity values above 400 μg/L were detected in 6/22 dogs with gastric dilatation-volvulus and 4/16 with intestinal obstruction. However, lactate concentration was significantly higher and CRP significantly lower in GDV as compared to IO dogs, and in the GDV group, lipase, cPLI and CRP measured upon admission were significantly associated with a negative outcome. No differences in lipase activity and canine pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity values were detected between T0 and T1. Presurgical cPLI and lipase activity were frequently increased during gastric dilatation-volvulus and were suggestive of the presence of pancreatic damage; while more extensive studies are required, based on this pilot analysis, cPLI has the potential to be a useful predictive variable for outcome in GDV. Further to this, serum CRP was able to predict outcome in this population of dogs with GDV, while blood lactate was not.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Spinella
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell' Emilia (BO), Italy
| | - Francesco Dondi
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell' Emilia (BO), Italy
| | - Lisa Grassato
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell' Emilia (BO), Italy
| | - Luca Magna
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell' Emilia (BO), Italy
| | - Veronica Cola
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell' Emilia (BO), Italy
| | - Massimo Giunti
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell' Emilia (BO), Italy
| | - Sara Del Magno
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell' Emilia (BO), Italy
| | - Simona Valentini
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell' Emilia (BO), Italy
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21
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Vecchi R, Bernardoni V, Valentini S, Piazzalunga A, Fermo P, Valli G. Assessment of light extinction at a European polluted urban area during wintertime: Impact of PM 1 composition and sources. Environ Pollut 2018; 233:679-689. [PMID: 29121603 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.10.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Revised: 10/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/15/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, results from receptor modelling performed on a well-characterised PM1 dataset were combined to chemical light extinction data (bext) with the aim of assessing the impact of different PM1 components and sources on light extinction and visibility at a European polluted urban area. It is noteworthy that, at the state of the art, there are still very few papers estimating the impact of different emission sources on light extinction as we present here, although being among the major environmental challenges at many polluted areas. Following the concept of the well-known IMPROVE algorithm, here a tailored site-specific approach (recently developed by our group) was applied to assess chemical light extinction due to PM1 components and major sources. PM1 samples collected separately during daytime and nighttime at the urban area of Milan (Italy) were chemically characterised for elements, major ions, elemental and organic carbon, and levoglucosan. Chemical light extinction was estimated and results showed that at the investigated urban site it is heavily impacted by ammonium nitrate and organic matter. Receptor modelling (i.e. Positive Matrix Factorization, EPA-PMF 5.0) was effective to obtain source apportionment; the most reliable solution was found with 7 factors which were tentatively assigned to nitrates, sulphates, wood burning, traffic, industry, fine dust, and a Pb-rich source. The apportionment of aerosol light extinction (bext,aer) according to resolved sources showed that considering all samples together nitrate contributed at most (on average 41.6%), followed by sulphate, traffic, and wood burning accounting for 18.3%, 17.8% and 12.4%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Vecchi
- Department of Physics, Università degli Studi di Milano and INFN Milan, Italy.
| | - V Bernardoni
- Department of Physics, Università degli Studi di Milano and INFN Milan, Italy
| | - S Valentini
- Department of Physics, Università degli Studi di Milano and INFN Milan, Italy
| | - A Piazzalunga
- Department of Chemistry, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - P Fermo
- Department of Chemistry, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - G Valli
- Department of Physics, Università degli Studi di Milano and INFN Milan, Italy
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Spinella G, Valentini S, Pitti L, Carrillo JM, Rubio M, Sopena J, Santana A, Vilar JM. Ultrasonographic evaluation of cross-sectional area of tarsal ligaments in Standardbred Trotter Horses. Journal of Applied Animal Research 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2018.1431241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Spinella
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell’Emilia (BO), Italy
| | - Simona Valentini
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell’Emilia (BO), Italy
| | - Lidia Pitti
- Animal Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Trasmontaña, Arucas, Spain
| | - Jose Maria Carrillo
- Department of Medicina y Cirugía Animal, University of CEU Cardenal Herrera, Cátedra García Cugat, Valencia, Spain
| | - Monica Rubio
- Department of Medicina y Cirugía Animal, University of CEU Cardenal Herrera, Cátedra García Cugat, Valencia, Spain
| | - Joaquín Sopena
- Department of Medicina y Cirugía Animal, University of CEU Cardenal Herrera, Cátedra García Cugat, Valencia, Spain
| | - Angelo Santana
- Mathematics Department, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Tafira, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Jose Manuel Vilar
- Animal Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Trasmontaña, Arucas, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias, Animal Pathology Department, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain
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Bernardoni V, Elser M, Valli G, Valentini S, Bigi A, Fermo P, Piazzalunga A, Vecchi R. Size-segregated aerosol in a hot-spot pollution urban area: Chemical composition and three-way source apportionment. Environ Pollut 2017; 231:601-611. [PMID: 28843899 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.08.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Revised: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a comprehensive characterisation and source apportionment of size-segregated aerosol collected using a multistage cascade impactor was performed. The samples were collected during wintertime in Milan (Italy), which is located in the Po Valley, one of the main pollution hot-spot areas in Europe. For every sampling, size-segregated mass concentration, elemental and ionic composition, and levoglucosan concentration were determined. Size-segregated data were inverted using the program MICRON to identify and quantify modal contributions of all the measured components. The detailed chemical characterisation allowed the application of a three-way (3-D) receptor model (implemented using Multilinear Engine) for size-segregated source apportionment and chemical profiles identification. It is noteworthy that - as far as we know - this is the first time that three-way source apportionment is attempted using data of aerosol collected by traditional cascade impactors. Seven factors were identified: wood burning, industry, resuspended dust, regional aerosol, construction works, traffic 1, and traffic 2. Further insights into size-segregated factor profiles suggested that the traffic 1 factor can be associated to diesel vehicles and traffic 2 to gasoline vehicles. The regional aerosol factor resulted to be the main contributor (nearly 50%) to the droplet mode (accumulation sub-mode with modal diameter in the range 0.5-1 μm), whereas the overall contribution from the two factors related to traffic was the most important one in the other size modes (34-41%). The results showed that applying a 3-D receptor model to size-segregated samples allows identifying factors of local and regional origin while receptor modelling on integrated PM fractions usually singles out factors characterised by primary (e.g. industry, traffic, soil dust) and secondary (e.g. ammonium sulphate and nitrate) origin. Furthermore, the results suggested that the information on size-segregated chemical composition in different size classes was exploited by the model to relate primary emissions to rapidly-formed secondary compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Bernardoni
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università Degli Studi di Milano and INFN-Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - M Elser
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università Degli Studi di Milano and INFN-Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - G Valli
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università Degli Studi di Milano and INFN-Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - S Valentini
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università Degli Studi di Milano and INFN-Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - A Bigi
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria "Enzo Ferrari", Università Degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - P Fermo
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - A Piazzalunga
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - R Vecchi
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università Degli Studi di Milano and INFN-Milan, Milan, Italy.
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Vadalà G, Accoto D, Russo F, Portaccio I, Rossini M, Valentini S, Papalia R, Denaro V. A new surgical positioning system for robotic assisted minimally invasive spine surgery and transpedicular approach to the disc. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2017; 31:159-165. [PMID: 29188679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery (MISS) procedures for the treatment of spinal pathologies have experienced exponential growth due to improved techniques and decreased trauma to the patient. Several MISS procedures that require the use of a trans-pedicular cannula as a guiding tool for pedicle screw placement, delivery of biomaterials to the vertebral body or injection of biologics to the disc space have been described. Although these are clear advantages of MISS, the limited dissection and exposure may reduce the accuracy and stability of operation and make spine surgeons rely heavily on intraoperative fluoroscopy, raising concerns over the level of radiation exposure. Robot-assisted minimal invasive surgery has aroused more attention for its high precision and stability, minimizing risks of damage to neurovascular structures and diminishing harmful exposure to ionizing radiation. The aim of this paper is to describe and characterize a new surgical positioning system for for robotic assisted MISS. The system is conceived to be integrated in a surgical platform capable of supporting the surgeon in a new procedure to treat degenerative intervertebral disc disease. For this purpose, it is necessary to orientate a cannula in order to guide the bone drill along a planned route, to access the intervertebral disc through the pedicle and endplate. In particular, we describe a mechanism that percutaneously guides a cannula towards the intervertebral disc based on the acquisition of few fluoroscopic images. The design of the positioning system, with its features and constrains imposed by the presence of instrumentation and medical staff in the operating room, as well as the software for trajectory planning during surgery, are here described.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Vadalà
- Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma
| | - D Accoto
- Laboratory of Biomedical Robotics and Biomicrosystems, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma
| | - F Russo
- Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma
| | - I Portaccio
- Laboratory of Biomedical Robotics and Biomicrosystems, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma
| | - M Rossini
- Laboratory of Biomedical Robotics and Biomicrosystems, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma
| | - S Valentini
- Laboratory of Biomedical Robotics and Biomicrosystems, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma
| | - R Papalia
- Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma
| | - V Denaro
- Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma
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Miniero R, Ingelido AM, Abballe A, di Domenico A, Valentini S, Marra V, Barbieri PG, Garattini S, Speziani F, De Felip E. Occupational exposure to PCDDs, PCDFs, and DL-PCBs in metallurgical plants of the Brescia (Lombardy Region, northern Italy) area. Chemosphere 2017; 166:418-421. [PMID: 27705828 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.09.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Revised: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The concentration values of polychlorodibenzodioxins (PCDDs), polychlorodibenzofurans (PCDFs), and dioxin-like polychlorobiphenyls (DL-PCBs) in blood serum samples (pools) of metallurgical workers in the area of the city of Brescia (northern Italy) were statistically processed. As to workers' exposure characteristics, pools were divided into 34 professionally exposed (PE) and 11 non-professionally exposed (NPE). A further subdivision of PE pools was according to workplaces in which ferrous (N = 24) and non-ferrous (N = 10) materials were handled. To evaluate the aforesaid differences we applied the age-adjusted Generalized Linear Models. We identified significant (P ≤ 0.05) exposure models of the classification groups. The first subdivision was confirmed by the concentrations of 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-H7CDF, DL-PCB 105, and DL-PCB 189; the second was confirmed by the concentrations of PCDF TEQ97, PCDD + PCDF + DL-PCB (TEQTOT) TEQ97, 2,3,4,7,8-P5CDF, 1,2,3,6,7,8-H6CDD, 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-H7CDD, and PCB 189. Based on the literature, all mentioned congeners have been found in stack gas and fly ash samples of metallurgical plants: therefore, these indicators indicate the exposure to such work environments. Specifically, the concentrations measured in the workers' blood serum appear to depend on the type of material processed during work.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Miniero
- Department of Environment and Primary Prevention, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - A M Ingelido
- Department of Environment and Primary Prevention, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - A Abballe
- Department of Environment and Primary Prevention, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - A di Domenico
- Department of Environment and Primary Prevention, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - S Valentini
- Department of Environment and Primary Prevention, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - V Marra
- Department of Environment and Primary Prevention, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - P G Barbieri
- Agenzia per la Tutela della Salute di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - S Garattini
- Agenzia per la Tutela della Salute di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - F Speziani
- Agenzia per la Tutela della Salute di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - E De Felip
- Department of Environment and Primary Prevention, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
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Francies H, Middleton C, Barber R, Gilbert J, Letchford L, Valentini S, Barendt W, Fitzgerald R, Underwood T, Sharpe R, Walker I, Wilson J, Stratton M, Garnett M. Towards the next-generation of cancer cell lines: Derivation of an organoid biobank. Eur J Cancer 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(16)32759-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Abstract
L'encefalopatia di Wernicke in corso di iperemesi gravidica è un'entità patologica estremamente rara. Il ruolo della risonanza magnetica, in tale condizione morbosa, è quello di svelare precocemente le caratteristiche alterazioni di segnale a carico del Sistema Nervoso Centrale, in modo da consentire un adeguato intervento terapeutico.
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Spinella G, Britti D, Loprete G, Musella V, Romagnoli N, Vilar JM, Valentini S. Relative Echogenicity of Tendons and Ligaments of the Palmar Metacarpal Region in Foals from Birth to 4 Months of Age: A Longitudinal Study. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0159953. [PMID: 27441630 PMCID: PMC4956061 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0159953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate relative echogenicity of superficial and deep digital flexor tendons, the accessory ligament of the deep digital flexor tendon and interosseous muscle of the metacarpal region in foals ages 1 week to 4 months; and assess the association between echogenicity and sex or side/laterality. Seven Standardbred trotter foals were examined. Right and left metacarpal regions (palmar surface) were ultrasonographically investigated, and four regions of interest were assessed. A significant increase in echogenicity was seen in superficial and deep digital flexor tendons, accessory ligament of deep digital flexor tendon, and interosseous muscle during growth from 1 week to 4 months of age. Echogenicity of examined tendons and ligaments was not influenced by gender nor laterality. Reference values for tendon and ligament echogenicity could function as a tool to discriminate between physiological and abnormal conditions such as congenital contractural conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Spinella
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia (BO), Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Domenico Britti
- Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Germaneto (CZ), Italy
| | - Giovanni Loprete
- Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Germaneto (CZ), Italy
| | - Vincenzo Musella
- Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Germaneto (CZ), Italy
| | - Noemi Romagnoli
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia (BO), Italy
| | - Jose M. Vilar
- Department of Animal Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Trasmontaña S/N, Arucas, Las Palmas, Spain
| | - Simona Valentini
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia (BO), Italy
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Caccia B, Pozzi S, Borrazzo C, Carni M, Di Castro E, Valentini S. Development of a computational tool for HIFU ablation therapy to assure safety of the patient. Phys Med 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2016.01.466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Accoto D, Valentini S, Portaccio I, Guglielmelli E. A theoretical framework for studying the electromagnetic stimulation of nervous tissue. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2016; 2015:2079-82. [PMID: 26736697 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2015.7318797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
In this paper we present a model for calculating the electric field, and its spatial derivatives, produced by arbitrarily shaped, oriented and placed coils carrying time-varying currents. The model has been validated by comparing its results with those obtained using FEM simulations. The model provides a simple and fast computation framework to investigate the electromagnetic stimulation of neural tissues. Some example applications are also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Valentini
- Surgical Section of Veterinary Clinical Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra, 50-40064, Ozzano Emilia Bologna, Italy.
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Spinella G, Loprete G, Castagnetti C, Musella V, Antonelli C, Vilar JM, Britti D, Capitani O, Valentini S. Evaluation of mean echogenicity of tendons and ligaments of the metacarpal region in neonatal foals: A preliminary study. Res Vet Sci 2015; 101:11-4. [PMID: 26267082 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2015.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2014] [Revised: 04/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The aims of this research were to evaluate mean echogenicity (ME) of the deep and superficial digital flexor tendons (DDFT and SDFT), the interosseous muscle (IM), and the accessory ligament of the deep digital flexor tendon (ALDDFT) of the metacarpal region in neonatal foals, and determine the effect of sex, side and body weight on this quantitative ultrasonographic evaluation. Thirteen orthopedically sound neonatal foals were examined. Four areas of study (1A, 1B, 2A, 2B) were identified. Transverse scans of the DDFT, SDFT, IM and ALDDFT were obtained, recorded, and analyzed. The most echogenic structures were the ALDDFT and DDFT, while the SDFT was significantly less echogenic than all other structures (P<0.05). No influence of sex, forelimb, or body weight was observed. The echogenicity of the tenodesmic structures of foals partially overlapped that reported in the metacarpal region in adult horses, except for IM.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Spinella
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia, BO, Italy.
| | - G Loprete
- Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Germaneto, CZ, Italy
| | - C Castagnetti
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia, BO, Italy
| | - V Musella
- Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Germaneto, CZ, Italy
| | - C Antonelli
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia, BO, Italy
| | - J M Vilar
- Department of Animal Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Trasmontaña S/N, Arucas 35413, Las Palmas, Spain
| | - D Britti
- Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Germaneto, CZ, Italy
| | - O Capitani
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia, BO, Italy
| | - S Valentini
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia, BO, Italy
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Spinella G, Cinti F, Pietra M, Capitani O, Valentini S. A case report of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy left-side gastropexy to resolve a recurrent gastric dilatation in a dog previously treated with right-side gastropexy for gastric dilatation volvulus. Top Companion Anim Med 2015; 29:113-6. [PMID: 25813852 DOI: 10.1053/j.tcam.2014.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2014] [Revised: 12/03/2014] [Accepted: 12/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A 6-year-old, large-breed, female dog was evaluated for gastric dilatation (GD). The dog was affected by GD volvulus, which had been surgically treated with gastric derotation and right incisional gastropexy. Recurrence of GD appeared 36 hours after surgery. The dilatation was immediately treated with an orogastric probe but still recurred 4 times. Therefore, a left-side gastropexy by percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) was performed to prevent intermittent GD. After PEG tube placement, the patient recovered rapidly without side effects. Several techniques of gastropexy have been described as a prophylactic method for gastric dilatation volvulus, but to the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of left-sided PEG gastropexy performed in a case of canine GD recurrence after an incisional right gastropexy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Spinella
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Filippo Cinti
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marco Pietra
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Ombretta Capitani
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Simona Valentini
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Caccia B, Andenna C, Iaccarino G, Landoni V, Soriani A, Occhigrossi A, Esposito A, Petetti E, Valentini S, Strigari L. Monte Carlo as a tool to evaluate the effect of different lung densities on radiotherapy dose distribution. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 2014; 162:115-119. [PMID: 25452329 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncu241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This study aims at evaluating the effects of different lung densities on dose distribution after irradiation at different field sizes, by comparing experimental measurements, GEANT4 Monte Carlo (MC) simulations and two TPS calculation algorithms on ad hoc phantoms. Irradiations were performed with a Varian Clinac 2100 C/D with a nominal energy of 6 MV. Dosimetric experimental measurements were obtained with radiochromic films. A model based on GEANT4 MC code was developed to simulate both the accelerator and the phantoms. Results of dose distribution show an acceptable agreement between MC simulations and experimental measurements, both in the tumour-equivalent region and in the normal tissue-equivalent ones. On the opposite, results vary among the TPS algorithms, especially in regions of lung-equivalent material at low density, but also at the interface between lung- and tumour-equivalent materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Caccia
- Technology and Health Department, Istituto Superiore di Sanità (Italian National Institute of Health), Viale Regina Elena, 299-00161, Rome, Italy INFN, Joint group of Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - A Occhigrossi
- Technology and Health Department, Istituto Superiore di Sanità (Italian National Institute of Health), Viale Regina Elena, 299-00161, Rome, Italy
| | - A Esposito
- Technology and Health Department, Istituto Superiore di Sanità (Italian National Institute of Health), Viale Regina Elena, 299-00161, Rome, Italy INFN, Joint group of Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - E Petetti
- Technology and Health Department, Istituto Superiore di Sanità (Italian National Institute of Health), Viale Regina Elena, 299-00161, Rome, Italy INFN, Joint group of Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - S Valentini
- Technology and Health Department, Istituto Superiore di Sanità (Italian National Institute of Health), Viale Regina Elena, 299-00161, Rome, Italy INFN, Joint group of Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - L Strigari
- INFN, Joint group of Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy Istituto Regina Elena, Rome, Italy
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35
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Valentini S, Castagnetti C, Musella V, Spinella G. Assessment of intraocular measurements in neonatal foals and association with gender, laterality, and body weight: a clinical study. PLoS One 2014; 9:e109491. [PMID: 25296286 PMCID: PMC4190080 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0109491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2014] [Accepted: 09/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective of this study was to describe intraocular measurements in newly born foals (1-7 days of age) and assess the association between globe measurements and gender, laterality, and body weight. B-scan ultrasonographic biometry was performed on both eyes of 22 healthy foals (44 eyes) ages 1-7 days using a 10-MHz transducer. Intraocular measurements (anterior chamber depth, central lens thickness, vitreous chamber depth, axial globe length, longitudinal globe length, lens poles distance) were carried out using the ultrasound internal calipers. The influence of gender (male or female), laterality (right or left eye), and body weight ("light" <48 kg; "heavy" ≥48 kg) on ocular measurements was analysed by the Student t test. Values of P<0.05 were accepted as significant for all analyses. Mean anterior chamber depth was 2.2±0.5 mm (Standard Deviation); central lens thickness was 9.9±0.8 mm; vitreous chamber depth was 15.5±1.1 mm; axial globe length was 27.6±1.6 mm; longitudinal globe length was 35.8±1.2 mm, and lens poles distance was 16.4±1.0 mm. Intraocular measurements were not influenced by gender, laterality nor body weight. This study provides reference values for intraocular measurements in neonatal foals and may be useful in the diagnosis and treatment of congenital and acquired pathologies involving the globe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Valentini
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia (BO), Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Carolina Castagnetti
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia (BO), Italy
| | - Vincenzo Musella
- Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Germaneto (CZ), Italy
| | - Giuseppe Spinella
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia (BO), Italy
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Azzini E, Durazzo A, Foddai MS, Temperini O, Venneria E, Valentini S, Maiani G. Phytochemicals Content in Italian Garlic Bulb (Allium sativum L.) Varieties. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.5539/jfr.v3n4p26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
<p>Several studies have demonstrated a wide range of therapeutic effects due to garlic high content of phytochemicals, including sulfur-containing compounds, vitamins, saponins, flavonoids and moderate levels of carotenoids. The synergistic interactions between these components seem to explain the outcomes of certain healing properties from garlic. This study evaluates the health promoting phytochemicals (ascorbic acid, flavonoids and carotenoids) content and antioxidant capacity in four “typical garlic varieties” (Rosso di Castelliri, Bianco Piacentino, Rosso di Sulmona, Rosso di Proceno), grown in different geographical areas. b-carotene content ranged from 5.68 to 7.41 mg/100g and 6.36 to 7.46 mg/100g for Viterbo and Alvito bulbs respectively. Overall, vitamin C levels were statistically higher in samples from Alvito compared with same cultivars from Viterbo; among them Rosso Sulmona and Rosso Castelliri displayed the higher content (21.59 ± 2.75 and 18.91 ± 0.34 mg/100g respectively). FRAP values were positively correlated (r = 0.74 and P = 0.03) with vitamin C levels and highly correlated (r = 0.86 and P = 0.005) with myricetin levels. Our findings have revealed that genotype and environmental conditions (production areas and pedoclimatic factors), as well as their interaction, could influence the phytochemical composition and the antioxidant properties of Italian garlic bulb varieties.</p>
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Cantisani R, Borgogni E, Valentini S, Wack A, Piccioli D. Toll-like receptor 9-independent responsiveness of human monocytes to microbial DNA. Scand J Immunol 2014; 78:557-8. [PMID: 24111664 DOI: 10.1111/sji.12112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R Cantisani
- Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics, Siena, Italy
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Barbieri PG, Garattini S, Pizzoni T, Festa R, Abballe A, Marra V, Iacovella N, Ingelido AM, Valentini S, De Felip E. [Cumulative exposure to polychlorodibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDS), polychlorodibenzofurans (PCDFS) and polychlorobiphenyls (PCB) in the metallurgic workers and the general population in Brescia province, northern Italy]. G Ital Med Lav Ergon 2012; 34:40-43. [PMID: 23405578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
High temperature metallurgical processes may significantly contribute to the release of polychlorodibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorodibenzofurans (PCDFs) into the environment. Aim of this study was to evaluate the exposure to PCDDs, PCDFs, dioxin-like PCBs (DL-PCBs) and non dioxin-like PCBs (NDL-PCBs) in a sample of 300 workers of metallurgical plants operating in the Brescia area and in a control group of 113 men. Serum samples were grouped in pools of 10 and analyzed for their concentration of PCDDs and PCDFs, DL- and NDL-PCBs. Metallurgical workers show serum concentrations of NDL-PCBs similar to those observed in non-occupationally exposed living in Brescia, except in the case of some congeners, such as PCBs 28, 52, 101 which result to be significantly higher in metallurgical workers. Their concentrations range of "dioxins" was of 32.5 - 84.8 pgTEQ g(-1) lb. No significant difference was found between metallurgical workers and the control group on the whole, but the difference became significant when comparing metallurgical workers with the group of the 47 subjects living in remote non industrialised areas. In conclusion, concentrations of total PCBs observed in metallurgy workers are comparable with those observed in the control group, with the exception of a few, more volatile, congeners which resulted to be higher in metallurgy workers. Concentrations of PCDDs and PCDFs showed a range of values similar to that observed in the general population of Brescia not professionally exposed. However, concentrations of PCDDs and PCDFs observed in subjects resident in "remote" areas were significantly lower than those assessed in metallurgy workers and subjects living in the town of Brescia. On the whole, men living in the town of Brescia show levels of PCBs, PCDDs and PCDFs higher than those observed in other groups of the Italian general population, this reflecting the intense industrial activity of the town.
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Affiliation(s)
- P G Barbieri
- Servizio Prevenzione e Sicurezza Ambienti di Lavoro, ASL Provincia di Brescia, Italy.
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Monini M, Biasin A, Valentini S, Cattoli G, Ruggeri FM. Recurrent rotavirus diarrhoea outbreaks in a stud farm, in Italy. Vet Microbiol 2010; 149:248-53. [PMID: 21129862 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2010] [Revised: 10/28/2010] [Accepted: 11/01/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A total of 47 stool samples were collected at the same stud farm from young foals with rotavirus diarrhoea and from their stud mares. Illness involved foals during three consecutive winter seasons. Infection in the farm appeared firstly in January-February 2008. After vanishing in the warm seasons, cases reappeared in March 2009 and 2010. Determination of the rotavirus G- and P-types was carried out using nested RT-PCR in samples collected in 2009 and 2010. A total of 19 of 47 samples resulted positive for rotavirus. The G type was determined in 19/47 samples, whereas the P genotype was determined in 17/47 samples. All equine strains presented a G14 VP7 in combination with a P[12] VP4, suggesting persistence of the same viral strain in the stud farm, during at least two consecutive winter periods. Sequence analysis of the genes encoding the outer capsid rotavirus proteins VP7 and VP4 revealed that the virus had a close relationship between strains recently isolated in the rest of Europe.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Monini
- Department of Veterinary Public Health & Food Safety, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
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Valentini S, Tamburro R, Spadari A, Vilar JM, Spinella G. Ultrasonographic Evaluation of Equine Ocular Diseases: A Retrospective Study of 38 Eyes. J Equine Vet Sci 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2010.01.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Bodini S, Manfredini S, Epp M, Valentini S, Santori F. Quorum sensing inhibition activity of garlic extract andp-coumaric acid. Lett Appl Microbiol 2009; 49:551-5. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-765x.2009.02704.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Cepparulo A, Valentini S, Tamburro R, Bettini G, Scarpa F, Diana A, Pietra M. What is your diagnosis? Intestinal neoplasia, segmental enteritis, and linear foreign body associated with a partially obstructive pattern. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2009; 235:27-8. [PMID: 19566449 DOI: 10.2460/javma.235.1.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Cepparulo
- Veterinary Clinical Department, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia (Bologna), Italy
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Valentini S, Arbaizar-Rodríguez P, Abarca-Costalago M, Valdivielso-Felices P, González-Santos P. [Severe hyponatremia by oxcarbazepine in an elderly]. Rev Neurol 2009; 48:614-615. [PMID: 19472164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To report sartorius muscle contracture in a dog. STUDY DESIGN Case report. ANIMALS A 5-year-old, male, German Shepherd dog. METHODS After a 2-month history of right hindlimb lameness was treated by tenectomy of the caudal sartorius muscle for sartorius muscle contracture. RESULTS One month after surgery there was complete remission of clinical signs; however, after 12 months, there was partial reunion of sartorius caudal belly and onset of gracilis muscle contracture. CONCLUSIONS Contracture of the sartorius muscle in dogs is seemingly rare and similar to gracilis muscle contracture with which it may be confused. Differentiation requires knowledge of muscular anatomy, careful palpation, and surgical inspection. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Sartorius muscle contracture can be treated by tenectomy or removal of contracted muscle tissue, however, long-term outcome suggests the need to develop approaches that prevent recurrence caused by scarring of transected tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Spadari
- Veterinary Clinical Department-Surgical Section, Bologna University, Bologna, Italy
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Savarino L, Baldini N, Greco M, Capitani O, Pinna S, Valentini S, Lombardo B, Esposito MT, Pastore L, Ambrosio L, Battista S, Causa F, Zeppetelli S, Guarino V, Netti PA. The performance of poly-epsilon-caprolactone scaffolds in a rabbit femur model with and without autologous stromal cells and BMP4. Biomaterials 2007; 28:3101-9. [PMID: 17412415 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2007.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2006] [Accepted: 03/09/2007] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The ability of a cellular construct to guide and promote tissue repair strongly relies on three components, namely, cell, scaffold and growth factors. We aimed to investigate the osteopromotive properties of cellular constructs composed of poly-epsilon-caprolactone (PCL) and rabbit bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs), or BMSCs engineered to express bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4). Highly porous biodegradable PCL scaffolds were obtained via phase inversion/salt leaching technique. BMSCs and transfected BMSCs were seeded within the scaffolds by using an alternate flow perfusion system and implanted into non-critical size defects in New Zealand rabbit femurs. In vivo biocompatibility, osteogenic and angiogenic effects induced by the presence of scaffolds were assessed by histology and histomorphometry of the femurs, retrieved 4 and 8 weeks after surgery. PCL without cells showed scarce bone formation at the scaffold-bone interface (29% bone/implant contact and 62% fibrous tissue/implant contact) and scarce PCL resorption (16%). Conversely, PCL seeded with autologous BMSCs stimulated new tissue formation into the macropores of the implant (20%) and neo-tissue vascularization. Finally, the BMP4-expressing BMSCs strongly favoured osteoinductivity of cellular constructs, as demonstrated by a more extensive bone/scaffold contact.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Savarino
- Laboratory for Pathophysiology of Orthopaedic Implants, Istituti Ortopedici Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136, Bologna, Italy.
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Abstract
The aim of this study was to describe the technique of laparoscopic ultrasonography in six dogs with intra-abdominal disease. Investigation of the abdominal cavity was undertaken initially in each dog by laparoscopy alone. After exploration and visualization of a diseased organ, a 7.5 MHz microconvex ultrasound probe was introduced into the abdomen through a laparoscopic cannula for videoguided ultrasound examination. Laparoscopic ultrasonography allows core biopsy or needle aspiration to be performed by guiding the needle into nonsuperficial lesions, where videoendoscopic guidance alone is not enough. In addition, color Doppler ultrasonography is useful to examine the vascular pattern to minimize or eliminate complications when a biopsy is performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Spinella
- Clinical Veterinary Department, Surgery Section, University of Bologna,Via Tolara di Sopra, 40064 Ozzano (BO), Italy
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Amato A, Lucarelli M, Narzi E, Pierandrei S, Valentini S, Strom R, Quattrucci S, Narzi L. 13 Extensive CFTR mutational analysis in patients with CBAVD. J Cyst Fibros 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(06)80014-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Giachetti L, Scaminaci Russo D, Valentini S, Villanacci C. Observation of titanium pretreatment effects using a scanning electron microscope and study of titanium/ceramic and titanium/resin adhesive interface. Minerva Stomatol 2004; 53:591-602. [PMID: 15531874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
AIM A morphological analysis is made of the titanium surface sandblasted using different sized microparticles, as well as an analysis of the adhesive interface after having layered the ceramic and resin on the same prepared surface. METHODS A total of 14 titanium samples were prepared and randomly divided into 4 groups according to their different preparation methods. Group 1: control, no surface treatment. Group 2: 50 microm aluminium dioxide treatment. Group 3: 150 microm aluminium dioxide treatment. Group 4: Rocatec Plus system treatment. Samples of groups 2, 3, and 4 were subdivided into 2 groups: A) only sandblasted, B) sandblasted and ceramic (2B and 3B) or resin (4B) layered on top. The treated surface and the interface were then observed by scanning electrom microscope. RESULTS Group 2 surface appeared irregular and rough; the interface with ceramic appeared discontinuous. Group 3 surface presented larger and deeper cavities where ceramic penetrated completely. Group 4 samples presented a rough surface covered by silicate particles and the interface between titanium and resin appeared regular and continuous. CONCLUSION In order to guarantee an adequate interface, the 150 microm pretreated titanium surface seemed more suitable than the 50 microm one. The Rocatec Plus system was successful in obtaining an optimal layering with the resin due to its excellent quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Giachetti
- Department of Dentistry and Stomatology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
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Vento G, Matassa PG, Zecca E, Tortorolo L, Martelli M, De Carolis MP, Maggio L, Zini G, D'Onofrio G, Valentini S, Romagnoli C. Effect of Dexamethasone on Tracheobronchial Aspirate Fluid Cytology and Pulmonary Mechanics in Preterm Infants. Pharmacology 2004; 71:113-9. [PMID: 15161992 DOI: 10.1159/000077444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2003] [Accepted: 11/04/2003] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The changes induced on respiratory mechanics and on tracheobronchial aspirate fluid (TAF) cytology by dexamethasone courses started at two different postnatal ages in preterm infants at risk of chronic lung disease (CLD) were reported in this clinical trial designed in two phases. The first phase of the study included 20 neonates with birth weight < or = 1,250 g and gestational age < or = 32 weeks, who were oxygen and ventilator dependent on the 10th day of life. They were randomly assigned to the moderately early dexamethasone (MED) group or to the control group. The second phase of the study included 20 neonates with the same characteristics, oxygen and ventilator dependent on the 4th day of life, randomly assigned to the early dexamethasone (ED) group or to the control group. Both treated groups received dexamethasone intravenously for 7 days (0.5 mg/kg/day for the first 3 days, 0.25 mg/kg/day for the next 3 days, and 0.125 mg/kg/day for the last day of treatment). The control groups received no steroid treatment. A significantly lower absolute cell count and percentage of neutrophils (PMN) in the TAF and significantly higher dynamic lung compliance (Cdyn) values were observed in both the MED treated compared to the untreated infants and the ED treated infants compared to the control group. Moreover these changes were more precocious in the ED Group compared to the MED Group. Our study suggests that dexamethasone could be more efficacious in reducing effects of ventilator-induced lung injury in preterm infants at high risk of CLD when started earlier.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Vento
- Department of Paediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Università Cattolica S. Cuore, Rome, Italy.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Negrini
- Surgical Section of Veterinary Clinical Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di sopra, 50, 40064 Ozzano Emilia (Bologna), Italy
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