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Cassel de Camps C, Mok S, Ashby E, Li C, Lépine P, Durcan TM, Moraes C. Compressive molding of engineered tissues via thermoresponsive hydrogel devices. Lab Chip 2023; 23:2057-2067. [PMID: 36916609 DOI: 10.1039/d3lc00007a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Biofabrication of tissues requires sourcing appropriate combinations of cells, and then arranging those cells into a functionally-useful construct. Recently, organoids with diverse cell populations have shown great promise as building blocks from which to assemble more complex structures. However, organoids typically adopt spherical or uncontrolled morphologies, which intrinsically limit the tissue structures that can be produced using this bioassembly technique. Here, we develop microfabricated smart hydrogel platforms in thermoresponsive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) to compressively mold microtissues such as spheroids or organoids into customized forms, on demand. These Compressive Hydrogel Molders (CHyMs) compact at cell culture temperatures to force loaded tissues into a new shape, and then expand to release the tissues for downstream applications. As a first demonstration, breast cancer spheroids were biaxially compacted in cylindrical cavities, and uniaxially compacted in rectangular ones. Spheroid shape changes persisted after the tissues were released from the CHyMs. We then demonstrate long-term molding of spherical brain organoids in ring-shaped CHyMs over one week. Fused bridges formed only when brain organoids were encased in Matrigel, and the resulting ring-shaped organoids expressed tissue markers that correspond with expected differentiation profiles. These results demonstrate that tissues differentiate appropriately even during long-term molding in a CHyM. This platform hence provides a new tool to shape pre-made tissues as desired, via temporary compression and release, allowing an exploration of alternative organoid geometries as building blocks for bioassembly applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stephanie Mok
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Montréal, H3A 0C5 QC, Canada
| | - Emily Ashby
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Montréal, H3A 0C5 QC, Canada
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Montréal, H3A 0C5 QC, Canada
| | - Paula Lépine
- Early Drug Discovery Unit (EDDU), Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, 3801 University Street, Montréal, H3A 2B4 QC, Canada
| | - Thomas M Durcan
- Early Drug Discovery Unit (EDDU), Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, 3801 University Street, Montréal, H3A 2B4 QC, Canada
| | - Christopher Moraes
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montréal, H3A 2B4 QC, Canada.
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Montréal, H3A 0C5 QC, Canada
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montréal, H3A 1A3 QC, Canada
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, H4A 3J1, QC, Canada
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2
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Eng L, Brual J, Nagee A, Mok S, Fazelzad R, Chaiton M, Saunders D, Mittmann N, Truscott R, Liu G, Bradbury P, Evans W, Papadakos J, Giuliani M. Reporting of tobacco use and tobacco-related analyses in cancer cooperative group clinical trials: a systematic scoping review. ESMO Open 2022; 7:100605. [PMID: 36356412 PMCID: PMC9646674 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2022.100605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Continued smoking after a diagnosis of cancer negatively impacts cancer outcomes, but the impact of tobacco on newer treatments options is not well established. Collecting and evaluating tobacco use in clinical trials may advance understanding of the consequences of tobacco use on treatment modalities, but little is known about the frequency of reporting and analysis of tobacco use in cancer cooperative clinical trial groups. PATIENTS AND METHODS A comprehensive literature search was conducted to identify cancer cooperative group clinical trials published from January 2017-October 2019. Eligible studies evaluated either systemic and/or radiation therapies, included ≥100 adult patients, and reported on at least one of: overall survival, disease/progression-free survival, response rates, toxicities/adverse events, or quality-of-life. RESULTS A total of 91 studies representing 90 trials met inclusion criteria with trial start dates ranging from 1995 to 2015 with 14% involving lung and 5% head and neck cancer patients. A total of 19 studies reported baseline tobacco use; 2 reported collecting follow-up tobacco use. Seven studies reported analysis of the impact of baseline tobacco use on clinical outcomes. There was significant heterogeneity in the reporting of baseline tobacco use: 7 reported never/ever status, 10 reported never/ex-smoker/current smoker status, and 4 reported measuring smoking intensity. None reported verifying smoking status or second-hand smoke exposure. Trials of lung and head and neck cancers were more likely to report baseline tobacco use than other disease sites (83% versus 6%, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Few cancer cooperative group clinical trials report and analyze trial participants' tobacco use. Significant heterogeneity exists in reporting tobacco use. Routine standardized collection and reporting of tobacco use at baseline and follow-up in clinical trials should be implemented to enable investigators to evaluate the impact of tobacco use on new cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Eng
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Department of Medicine, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre/University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada,Prof L. Eng, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, 610 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2M9, Canada. Tel: +1-416-946-2953; Fax: +1-416-946-6546 @Lawson_Eng@MeredithGiulia1@PMcancercentre
| | - J. Brual
- Cancer Education Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Canada
| | - A. Nagee
- Cancer Education Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Canada
| | - S. Mok
- Cancer Education Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Canada
| | - R. Fazelzad
- Library and Information Services, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - M. Chaiton
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - D.P. Saunders
- Northeast Cancer Centre of Health Sciences North, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Sudbury, Canada
| | - N. Mittmann
- Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health, Toronto, Canada
| | - R. Truscott
- Division of Prevention Policy and Stakeholder Engagement, Ontario Health (Cancer Care Ontario), Toronto, Canada
| | - G. Liu
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Department of Medicine, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre/University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - P.A. Bradbury
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Department of Medicine, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre/University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - W.K. Evans
- Department of Oncology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - J. Papadakos
- Cancer Education Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Canada,Patient Education, Ontario Health (Cancer Care Ontario), Toronto, Canada
| | - M.E. Giuliani
- Cancer Education Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Canada,Department of Radiation Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Canada,Correspondence to: Prof M. Giuliani, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, 610 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2M9, Canada. Tel: +1-416-946-2983; Fax: +1-416-946-6546
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3
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Berg J, Sorensen SA, Ting JT, Miller JA, Chartrand T, Buchin A, Bakken TE, Budzillo A, Dee N, Ding SL, Gouwens NW, Hodge RD, Kalmbach B, Lee C, Lee BR, Alfiler L, Baker K, Barkan E, Beller A, Berry K, Bertagnolli D, Bickley K, Bomben J, Braun T, Brouner K, Casper T, Chong P, Crichton K, Dalley R, de Frates R, Desta T, Lee SD, D'Orazi F, Dotson N, Egdorf T, Enstrom R, Farrell C, Feng D, Fong O, Furdan S, Galakhova AA, Gamlin C, Gary A, Glandon A, Goldy J, Gorham M, Goriounova NA, Gratiy S, Graybuck L, Gu H, Hadley K, Hansen N, Heistek TS, Henry AM, Heyer DB, Hill D, Hill C, Hupp M, Jarsky T, Kebede S, Keene L, Kim L, Kim MH, Kroll M, Latimer C, Levi BP, Link KE, Mallory M, Mann R, Marshall D, Maxwell M, McGraw M, McMillen D, Melief E, Mertens EJ, Mezei L, Mihut N, Mok S, Molnar G, Mukora A, Ng L, Ngo K, Nicovich PR, Nyhus J, Olah G, Oldre A, Omstead V, Ozsvar A, Park D, Peng H, Pham T, Pom CA, Potekhina L, Rajanbabu R, Ransford S, Reid D, Rimorin C, Ruiz A, Sandman D, Sulc J, Sunkin SM, Szafer A, Szemenyei V, Thomsen ER, Tieu M, Torkelson A, Trinh J, Tung H, Wakeman W, Waleboer F, Ward K, Wilbers R, Williams G, Yao Z, Yoon JG, Anastassiou C, Arkhipov A, Barzo P, Bernard A, Cobbs C, de Witt Hamer PC, Ellenbogen RG, Esposito L, Ferreira M, Gwinn RP, Hawrylycz MJ, Hof PR, Idema S, Jones AR, Keene CD, Ko AL, Murphy GJ, Ng L, Ojemann JG, Patel AP, Phillips JW, Silbergeld DL, Smith K, Tasic B, Yuste R, Segev I, de Kock CPJ, Mansvelder HD, Tamas G, Zeng H, Koch C, Lein ES. Author Correction: Human neocortical expansion involves glutamatergic neuron diversification. Nature 2022; 601:E12. [PMID: 34992294 PMCID: PMC8770134 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-04322-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jim Berg
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Jonathan T Ting
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Nick Dee
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Brian Kalmbach
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Changkyu Lee
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Brian R Lee
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | - Eliza Barkan
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Allison Beller
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kyla Berry
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Kris Bickley
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Peter Chong
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Tsega Desta
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Tom Egdorf
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | - David Feng
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Olivia Fong
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Szabina Furdan
- MTA-SZTE Research Group for Cortical Microcircuits, Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Neuroscience, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Anna A Galakhova
- Department of Integrative Neurophysiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research (CNCR), Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Clare Gamlin
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Amanda Gary
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Jeff Goldy
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Natalia A Goriounova
- Department of Integrative Neurophysiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research (CNCR), Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Hong Gu
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | - Tim S Heistek
- Department of Integrative Neurophysiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research (CNCR), Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alex M Henry
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Djai B Heyer
- Department of Integrative Neurophysiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research (CNCR), Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - DiJon Hill
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Chris Hill
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Madie Hupp
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Tim Jarsky
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Sara Kebede
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Lisa Keene
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Lisa Kim
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | - Caitlin Latimer
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Boaz P Levi
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | - Rusty Mann
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Desiree Marshall
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Medea McGraw
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Erica Melief
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Eline J Mertens
- Department of Integrative Neurophysiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research (CNCR), Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Leona Mezei
- MTA-SZTE Research Group for Cortical Microcircuits, Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Neuroscience, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Norbert Mihut
- MTA-SZTE Research Group for Cortical Microcircuits, Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Neuroscience, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | | | - Gabor Molnar
- MTA-SZTE Research Group for Cortical Microcircuits, Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Neuroscience, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Alice Mukora
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Lindsay Ng
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kiet Ngo
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Julie Nyhus
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Gaspar Olah
- MTA-SZTE Research Group for Cortical Microcircuits, Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Neuroscience, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Aaron Oldre
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Attila Ozsvar
- MTA-SZTE Research Group for Cortical Microcircuits, Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Neuroscience, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Daniel Park
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - David Reid
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Josef Sulc
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Aaron Szafer
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Viktor Szemenyei
- MTA-SZTE Research Group for Cortical Microcircuits, Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Neuroscience, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | | | - Michael Tieu
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | - Herman Tung
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Femke Waleboer
- Department of Integrative Neurophysiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research (CNCR), Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Katelyn Ward
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - René Wilbers
- Department of Integrative Neurophysiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research (CNCR), Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Zizhen Yao
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Pal Barzo
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Amy Bernard
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Philip C de Witt Hamer
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Brain Tumor Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Manuel Ferreira
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | - Patrick R Hof
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sander Idema
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Brain Tumor Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - C Dirk Keene
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Andrew L Ko
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Gabe J Murphy
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Lydia Ng
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jeffrey G Ojemann
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Anoop P Patel
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Daniel L Silbergeld
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | - Rafael Yuste
- NeuroTechnology Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Idan Segev
- Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences and Department of Neurobiology, The Hebrew University Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Christiaan P J de Kock
- Department of Integrative Neurophysiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research (CNCR), Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Huibert D Mansvelder
- Department of Integrative Neurophysiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research (CNCR), Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gabor Tamas
- MTA-SZTE Research Group for Cortical Microcircuits, Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Neuroscience, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Hongkui Zeng
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Ed S Lein
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA.
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
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4
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Boghdady CM, Kalashnikov N, Mok S, McCaffrey L, Moraes C. Revisiting tissue tensegrity: Biomaterial-based approaches to measure forces across length scales. APL Bioeng 2021; 5:041501. [PMID: 34632250 PMCID: PMC8487350 DOI: 10.1063/5.0046093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell-generated forces play a foundational role in tissue dynamics and homeostasis and are critically important in several biological processes, including cell migration, wound healing, morphogenesis, and cancer metastasis. Quantifying such forces in vivo is technically challenging and requires novel strategies that capture mechanical information across molecular, cellular, and tissue length scales, while allowing these studies to be performed in physiologically realistic biological models. Advanced biomaterials can be designed to non-destructively measure these stresses in vitro, and here, we review mechanical characterizations and force-sensing biomaterial-based technologies to provide insight into the mechanical nature of tissue processes. We specifically and uniquely focus on the use of these techniques to identify characteristics of cell and tissue “tensegrity:” the hierarchical and modular interplay between tension and compression that provide biological tissues with remarkable mechanical properties and behaviors. Based on these observed patterns, we highlight and discuss the emerging role of tensegrity at multiple length scales in tissue dynamics from homeostasis, to morphogenesis, to pathological dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nikita Kalashnikov
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3A 0C5, Canada
| | - Stephanie Mok
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3A 0C5, Canada
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5
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Muñoz-Castañeda R, Zingg B, Matho KS, Chen X, Wang Q, Foster NN, Li A, Narasimhan A, Hirokawa KE, Huo B, Bannerjee S, Korobkova L, Park CS, Park YG, Bienkowski MS, Chon U, Wheeler DW, Li X, Wang Y, Naeemi M, Xie P, Liu L, Kelly K, An X, Attili SM, Bowman I, Bludova A, Cetin A, Ding L, Drewes R, D'Orazi F, Elowsky C, Fischer S, Galbavy W, Gao L, Gillis J, Groblewski PA, Gou L, Hahn JD, Hatfield JT, Hintiryan H, Huang JJ, Kondo H, Kuang X, Lesnar P, Li X, Li Y, Lin M, Lo D, Mizrachi J, Mok S, Nicovich PR, Palaniswamy R, Palmer J, Qi X, Shen E, Sun YC, Tao HW, Wakemen W, Wang Y, Yao S, Yuan J, Zhan H, Zhu M, Ng L, Zhang LI, Lim BK, Hawrylycz M, Gong H, Gee JC, Kim Y, Chung K, Yang XW, Peng H, Luo Q, Mitra PP, Zador AM, Zeng H, Ascoli GA, Josh Huang Z, Osten P, Harris JA, Dong HW. Cellular anatomy of the mouse primary motor cortex. Nature 2021; 598:159-166. [PMID: 34616071 PMCID: PMC8494646 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03970-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
An essential step toward understanding brain function is to establish a structural framework with cellular resolution on which multi-scale datasets spanning molecules, cells, circuits and systems can be integrated and interpreted1. Here, as part of the collaborative Brain Initiative Cell Census Network (BICCN), we derive a comprehensive cell type-based anatomical description of one exemplar brain structure, the mouse primary motor cortex, upper limb area (MOp-ul). Using genetic and viral labelling, barcoded anatomy resolved by sequencing, single-neuron reconstruction, whole-brain imaging and cloud-based neuroinformatics tools, we delineated the MOp-ul in 3D and refined its sublaminar organization. We defined around two dozen projection neuron types in the MOp-ul and derived an input-output wiring diagram, which will facilitate future analyses of motor control circuitry across molecular, cellular and system levels. This work provides a roadmap towards a comprehensive cellular-resolution description of mammalian brain architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Brian Zingg
- UCLA Brain Research and Artificial Intelligence Nexus, Department of Neurobiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- USC Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute (INI), Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Xiaoyin Chen
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Quanxin Wang
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Nicholas N Foster
- UCLA Brain Research and Artificial Intelligence Nexus, Department of Neurobiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- USC Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute (INI), Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Anan Li
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- HUST-Suzhou Institute for Brainsmatics, JITRI, Suzhou, China
| | | | - Karla E Hirokawa
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
- Cajal Neuroscience, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Bingxing Huo
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
| | | | - Laura Korobkova
- USC Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute (INI), Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Chris Sin Park
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Young-Gyun Park
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Department of Chemical Engineering, Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Michael S Bienkowski
- USC Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute (INI), Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Uree Chon
- Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, College of Medicine, Penn State University, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Diek W Wheeler
- Center for Neural Informatics, Structures and Plasticity, Bioengineering Department and Krasnow Institute for Advanced Study, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA
| | - Xiangning Li
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- HUST-Suzhou Institute for Brainsmatics, JITRI, Suzhou, China
| | - Yun Wang
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Peng Xie
- SEU-ALLEN Joint Center, Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lijuan Liu
- SEU-ALLEN Joint Center, Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kathleen Kelly
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
| | - Xu An
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
- Department of Neurobiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Sarojini M Attili
- Center for Neural Informatics, Structures and Plasticity, Bioengineering Department and Krasnow Institute for Advanced Study, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA
| | - Ian Bowman
- UCLA Brain Research and Artificial Intelligence Nexus, Department of Neurobiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- USC Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute (INI), Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Ali Cetin
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Liya Ding
- SEU-ALLEN Joint Center, Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rhonda Drewes
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
| | | | - Corey Elowsky
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
| | | | | | - Lei Gao
- UCLA Brain Research and Artificial Intelligence Nexus, Department of Neurobiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- USC Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute (INI), Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jesse Gillis
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
| | | | - Lin Gou
- UCLA Brain Research and Artificial Intelligence Nexus, Department of Neurobiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- USC Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute (INI), Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Joel D Hahn
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Joshua T Hatfield
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
- Department of Neurobiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Houri Hintiryan
- UCLA Brain Research and Artificial Intelligence Nexus, Department of Neurobiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- USC Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute (INI), Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Junxiang Jason Huang
- Center for Neural Circuits and Sensory Processing Disorders, Zilkha Neurogenetics Institute (ZNI), Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Hideki Kondo
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
| | - Xiuli Kuang
- School of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | | | - Xu Li
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
| | - Yaoyao Li
- School of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Mengkuan Lin
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
| | - Darrick Lo
- UCLA Brain Research and Artificial Intelligence Nexus, Department of Neurobiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- USC Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute (INI), Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Philip R Nicovich
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
- Cajal Neuroscience, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Jason Palmer
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
| | - Xiaoli Qi
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
| | - Elise Shen
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Yu-Chi Sun
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
| | - Huizhong W Tao
- Center for Neural Circuits and Sensory Processing Disorders, Zilkha Neurogenetics Institute (ZNI), Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Yimin Wang
- SEU-ALLEN Joint Center, Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- School of Computer Engineering and Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shenqin Yao
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jing Yuan
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- HUST-Suzhou Institute for Brainsmatics, JITRI, Suzhou, China
| | - Huiqing Zhan
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
| | - Muye Zhu
- UCLA Brain Research and Artificial Intelligence Nexus, Department of Neurobiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- USC Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute (INI), Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Lydia Ng
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Li I Zhang
- Center for Neural Circuits and Sensory Processing Disorders, Zilkha Neurogenetics Institute (ZNI), Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Byung Kook Lim
- HUST-Suzhou Institute for Brainsmatics, JITRI, Suzhou, China
- Division of Biological Science, Neurobiology section, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | - Hui Gong
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- HUST-Suzhou Institute for Brainsmatics, JITRI, Suzhou, China
| | - James C Gee
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Yongsoo Kim
- Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, College of Medicine, Penn State University, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Kwanghun Chung
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Department of Chemical Engineering, Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - X William Yang
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Hanchuan Peng
- SEU-ALLEN Joint Center, Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qingming Luo
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- HUST-Suzhou Institute for Brainsmatics, JITRI, Suzhou, China
| | - Partha P Mitra
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
| | | | - Hongkui Zeng
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Giorgio A Ascoli
- Center for Neural Informatics, Structures and Plasticity, Bioengineering Department and Krasnow Institute for Advanced Study, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA.
| | - Z Josh Huang
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA.
- Department of Neurobiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
| | - Pavel Osten
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA.
| | - Julie A Harris
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA.
- Cajal Neuroscience, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Hong-Wei Dong
- UCLA Brain Research and Artificial Intelligence Nexus, Department of Neurobiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- USC Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute (INI), Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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6
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Peng H, Xie P, Liu L, Kuang X, Wang Y, Qu L, Gong H, Jiang S, Li A, Ruan Z, Ding L, Yao Z, Chen C, Chen M, Daigle TL, Dalley R, Ding Z, Duan Y, Feiner A, He P, Hill C, Hirokawa KE, Hong G, Huang L, Kebede S, Kuo HC, Larsen R, Lesnar P, Li L, Li Q, Li X, Li Y, Li Y, Liu A, Lu D, Mok S, Ng L, Nguyen TN, Ouyang Q, Pan J, Shen E, Song Y, Sunkin SM, Tasic B, Veldman MB, Wakeman W, Wan W, Wang P, Wang Q, Wang T, Wang Y, Xiong F, Xiong W, Xu W, Ye M, Yin L, Yu Y, Yuan J, Yuan J, Yun Z, Zeng S, Zhang S, Zhao S, Zhao Z, Zhou Z, Huang ZJ, Esposito L, Hawrylycz MJ, Sorensen SA, Yang XW, Zheng Y, Gu Z, Xie W, Koch C, Luo Q, Harris JA, Wang Y, Zeng H. Morphological diversity of single neurons in molecularly defined cell types. Nature 2021; 598:174-181. [PMID: 34616072 PMCID: PMC8494643 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03941-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic and axonal morphology reflects the input and output of neurons and is a defining feature of neuronal types1,2, yet our knowledge of its diversity remains limited. Here, to systematically examine complete single-neuron morphologies on a brain-wide scale, we established a pipeline encompassing sparse labelling, whole-brain imaging, reconstruction, registration and analysis. We fully reconstructed 1,741 neurons from cortex, claustrum, thalamus, striatum and other brain regions in mice. We identified 11 major projection neuron types with distinct morphological features and corresponding transcriptomic identities. Extensive projectional diversity was found within each of these major types, on the basis of which some types were clustered into more refined subtypes. This diversity follows a set of generalizable principles that govern long-range axonal projections at different levels, including molecular correspondence, divergent or convergent projection, axon termination pattern, regional specificity, topography, and individual cell variability. Although clear concordance with transcriptomic profiles is evident at the level of major projection type, fine-grained morphological diversity often does not readily correlate with transcriptomic subtypes derived from unsupervised clustering, highlighting the need for single-cell cross-modality studies. Overall, our study demonstrates the crucial need for quantitative description of complete single-cell anatomy in cell-type classification, as single-cell morphological diversity reveals a plethora of ways in which different cell types and their individual members may contribute to the configuration and function of their respective circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanchuan Peng
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA.
- SEU-ALLEN Joint Center, Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Peng Xie
- SEU-ALLEN Joint Center, Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lijuan Liu
- SEU-ALLEN Joint Center, Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, School of Life Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiuli Kuang
- School of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yimin Wang
- SEU-ALLEN Joint Center, Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- School of Computer Engineering and Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Qu
- SEU-ALLEN Joint Center, Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computation and Signal Processing, Ministry of Education, Anhui University, Hefei, China
| | - Hui Gong
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- HUST-Suzhou Institute for Brainsmatics, JITRI Institute for Brainsmatics, Suzhou, China
| | - Shengdian Jiang
- SEU-ALLEN Joint Center, Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Anan Li
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- HUST-Suzhou Institute for Brainsmatics, JITRI Institute for Brainsmatics, Suzhou, China
| | - Zongcai Ruan
- SEU-ALLEN Joint Center, Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Liya Ding
- SEU-ALLEN Joint Center, Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zizhen Yao
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Chao Chen
- School of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Mengya Chen
- School of Computer Engineering and Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | | | | | - Zhangcan Ding
- SEU-ALLEN Joint Center, Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanjun Duan
- SEU-ALLEN Joint Center, Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Aaron Feiner
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ping He
- School of Computer Engineering and Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chris Hill
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Karla E Hirokawa
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
- Cajal Neuroscience, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Guodong Hong
- SEU-ALLEN Joint Center, Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, School of Life Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Huang
- SEU-ALLEN Joint Center, Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Sara Kebede
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | - Phil Lesnar
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Longfei Li
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computation and Signal Processing, Ministry of Education, Anhui University, Hefei, China
| | - Qi Li
- School of Computer Engineering and Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangning Li
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- HUST-Suzhou Institute for Brainsmatics, JITRI Institute for Brainsmatics, Suzhou, China
| | - Yaoyao Li
- School of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computation and Signal Processing, Ministry of Education, Anhui University, Hefei, China
| | - An Liu
- SEU-ALLEN Joint Center, Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, School of Life Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | | | | | - Lydia Ng
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Thuc Nghi Nguyen
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
- Cajal Neuroscience, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Qiang Ouyang
- SEU-ALLEN Joint Center, Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jintao Pan
- SEU-ALLEN Joint Center, Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Elise Shen
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Yuanyuan Song
- SEU-ALLEN Joint Center, Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | | | | | - Matthew B Veldman
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Wan Wan
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computation and Signal Processing, Ministry of Education, Anhui University, Hefei, China
| | - Peng Wang
- School of Computer Engineering and Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Quanxin Wang
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Tao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computation and Signal Processing, Ministry of Education, Anhui University, Hefei, China
| | - Yaping Wang
- SEU-ALLEN Joint Center, Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Feng Xiong
- SEU-ALLEN Joint Center, Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- School of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wenjie Xu
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Min Ye
- School of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lulu Yin
- SEU-ALLEN Joint Center, Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jia Yuan
- SEU-ALLEN Joint Center, Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, School of Life Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing Yuan
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- HUST-Suzhou Institute for Brainsmatics, JITRI Institute for Brainsmatics, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhixi Yun
- SEU-ALLEN Joint Center, Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shaoqun Zeng
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shichen Zhang
- SEU-ALLEN Joint Center, Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Sujun Zhao
- SEU-ALLEN Joint Center, Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zijun Zhao
- SEU-ALLEN Joint Center, Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhi Zhou
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Z Josh Huang
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
- Department of Neurobiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | | | | | - X William Yang
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Zhongze Gu
- SEU-ALLEN Joint Center, Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Xie
- SEU-ALLEN Joint Center, Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, School of Life Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | | | - Qingming Luo
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Julie A Harris
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
- Cajal Neuroscience, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Yun Wang
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Hongkui Zeng
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA.
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7
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Callaway EM, Dong HW, Ecker JR, Hawrylycz MJ, Huang ZJ, Lein ES, Ngai J, Osten P, Ren B, Tolias AS, White O, Zeng H, Zhuang X, Ascoli GA, Behrens MM, Chun J, Feng G, Gee JC, Ghosh SS, Halchenko YO, Hertzano R, Lim BK, Martone ME, Ng L, Pachter L, Ropelewski AJ, Tickle TL, Yang XW, Zhang K, Bakken TE, Berens P, Daigle TL, Harris JA, Jorstad NL, Kalmbach BE, Kobak D, Li YE, Liu H, Matho KS, Mukamel EA, Naeemi M, Scala F, Tan P, Ting JT, Xie F, Zhang M, Zhang Z, Zhou J, Zingg B, Armand E, Yao Z, Bertagnolli D, Casper T, Crichton K, Dee N, Diep D, Ding SL, Dong W, Dougherty EL, Fong O, Goldman M, Goldy J, Hodge RD, Hu L, Keene CD, Krienen FM, Kroll M, Lake BB, Lathia K, Linnarsson S, Liu CS, Macosko EZ, McCarroll SA, McMillen D, Nadaf NM, Nguyen TN, Palmer CR, Pham T, Plongthongkum N, Reed NM, Regev A, Rimorin C, Romanow WJ, Savoia S, Siletti K, Smith K, Sulc J, Tasic B, Tieu M, Torkelson A, Tung H, van Velthoven CTJ, Vanderburg CR, Yanny AM, Fang R, Hou X, Lucero JD, Osteen JK, Pinto-Duarte A, Poirion O, Preissl S, Wang X, Aldridge AI, Bartlett A, Boggeman L, O’Connor C, Castanon RG, Chen H, Fitzpatrick C, Luo C, Nery JR, Nunn M, Rivkin AC, Tian W, Dominguez B, Ito-Cole T, Jacobs M, Jin X, Lee CT, Lee KF, Miyazaki PA, Pang Y, Rashid M, Smith JB, Vu M, Williams E, Biancalani T, Booeshaghi AS, Crow M, Dudoit S, Fischer S, Gillis J, Hu Q, Kharchenko PV, Niu SY, Ntranos V, Purdom E, Risso D, de Bézieux HR, Somasundaram S, Street K, Svensson V, Vaishnav ED, Van den Berge K, Welch JD, An X, Bateup HS, Bowman I, Chance RK, Foster NN, Galbavy W, Gong H, Gou L, Hatfield JT, Hintiryan H, Hirokawa KE, Kim G, Kramer DJ, Li A, Li X, Luo Q, Muñoz-Castañeda R, Stafford DA, Feng Z, Jia X, Jiang S, Jiang T, Kuang X, Larsen R, Lesnar P, Li Y, Li Y, Liu L, Peng H, Qu L, Ren M, Ruan Z, Shen E, Song Y, Wakeman W, Wang P, Wang Y, Wang Y, Yin L, Yuan J, Zhao S, Zhao X, Narasimhan A, Palaniswamy R, Banerjee S, Ding L, Huilgol D, Huo B, Kuo HC, Laturnus S, Li X, Mitra PP, Mizrachi J, Wang Q, Xie P, Xiong F, Yu Y, Eichhorn SW, Berg J, Bernabucci M, Bernaerts Y, Cadwell CR, Castro JR, Dalley R, Hartmanis L, Horwitz GD, Jiang X, Ko AL, Miranda E, Mulherkar S, Nicovich PR, Owen SF, Sandberg R, Sorensen SA, Tan ZH, Allen S, Hockemeyer D, Lee AY, Veldman MB, Adkins RS, Ament SA, Bravo HC, Carter R, Chatterjee A, Colantuoni C, Crabtree J, Creasy H, Felix V, Giglio M, Herb BR, Kancherla J, Mahurkar A, McCracken C, Nickel L, Olley D, Orvis J, Schor M, Hood G, Dichter B, Grauer M, Helba B, Bandrowski A, Barkas N, Carlin B, D’Orazi FD, Degatano K, Gillespie TH, Khajouei F, Konwar K, Thompson C, Kelly K, Mok S, Sunkin S. A multimodal cell census and atlas of the mammalian primary motor cortex. Nature 2021; 598:86-102. [PMID: 34616075 PMCID: PMC8494634 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03950-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 68.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Here we report the generation of a multimodal cell census and atlas of the mammalian primary motor cortex as the initial product of the BRAIN Initiative Cell Census Network (BICCN). This was achieved by coordinated large-scale analyses of single-cell transcriptomes, chromatin accessibility, DNA methylomes, spatially resolved single-cell transcriptomes, morphological and electrophysiological properties and cellular resolution input-output mapping, integrated through cross-modal computational analysis. Our results advance the collective knowledge and understanding of brain cell-type organization1-5. First, our study reveals a unified molecular genetic landscape of cortical cell types that integrates their transcriptome, open chromatin and DNA methylation maps. Second, cross-species analysis achieves a consensus taxonomy of transcriptomic types and their hierarchical organization that is conserved from mouse to marmoset and human. Third, in situ single-cell transcriptomics provides a spatially resolved cell-type atlas of the motor cortex. Fourth, cross-modal analysis provides compelling evidence for the transcriptomic, epigenomic and gene regulatory basis of neuronal phenotypes such as their physiological and anatomical properties, demonstrating the biological validity and genomic underpinning of neuron types. We further present an extensive genetic toolset for targeting glutamatergic neuron types towards linking their molecular and developmental identity to their circuit function. Together, our results establish a unifying and mechanistic framework of neuronal cell-type organization that integrates multi-layered molecular genetic and spatial information with multi-faceted phenotypic properties.
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8
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Berg J, Sorensen SA, Ting JT, Miller JA, Chartrand T, Buchin A, Bakken TE, Budzillo A, Dee N, Ding SL, Gouwens NW, Hodge RD, Kalmbach B, Lee C, Lee BR, Alfiler L, Baker K, Barkan E, Beller A, Berry K, Bertagnolli D, Bickley K, Bomben J, Braun T, Brouner K, Casper T, Chong P, Crichton K, Dalley R, de Frates R, Desta T, Lee SD, D'Orazi F, Dotson N, Egdorf T, Enstrom R, Farrell C, Feng D, Fong O, Furdan S, Galakhova AA, Gamlin C, Gary A, Glandon A, Goldy J, Gorham M, Goriounova NA, Gratiy S, Graybuck L, Gu H, Hadley K, Hansen N, Heistek TS, Henry AM, Heyer DB, Hill D, Hill C, Hupp M, Jarsky T, Kebede S, Keene L, Kim L, Kim MH, Kroll M, Latimer C, Levi BP, Link KE, Mallory M, Mann R, Marshall D, Maxwell M, McGraw M, McMillen D, Melief E, Mertens EJ, Mezei L, Mihut N, Mok S, Molnar G, Mukora A, Ng L, Ngo K, Nicovich PR, Nyhus J, Olah G, Oldre A, Omstead V, Ozsvar A, Park D, Peng H, Pham T, Pom CA, Potekhina L, Rajanbabu R, Ransford S, Reid D, Rimorin C, Ruiz A, Sandman D, Sulc J, Sunkin SM, Szafer A, Szemenyei V, Thomsen ER, Tieu M, Torkelson A, Trinh J, Tung H, Wakeman W, Waleboer F, Ward K, Wilbers R, Williams G, Yao Z, Yoon JG, Anastassiou C, Arkhipov A, Barzo P, Bernard A, Cobbs C, de Witt Hamer PC, Ellenbogen RG, Esposito L, Ferreira M, Gwinn RP, Hawrylycz MJ, Hof PR, Idema S, Jones AR, Keene CD, Ko AL, Murphy GJ, Ng L, Ojemann JG, Patel AP, Phillips JW, Silbergeld DL, Smith K, Tasic B, Yuste R, Segev I, de Kock CPJ, Mansvelder HD, Tamas G, Zeng H, Koch C, Lein ES. Human neocortical expansion involves glutamatergic neuron diversification. Nature 2021; 598:151-158. [PMID: 34616067 PMCID: PMC8494638 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03813-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The neocortex is disproportionately expanded in human compared with mouse1,2, both in its total volume relative to subcortical structures and in the proportion occupied by supragranular layers composed of neurons that selectively make connections within the neocortex and with other telencephalic structures. Single-cell transcriptomic analyses of human and mouse neocortex show an increased diversity of glutamatergic neuron types in supragranular layers in human neocortex and pronounced gradients as a function of cortical depth3. Here, to probe the functional and anatomical correlates of this transcriptomic diversity, we developed a robust platform combining patch clamp recording, biocytin staining and single-cell RNA-sequencing (Patch-seq) to examine neurosurgically resected human tissues. We demonstrate a strong correspondence between morphological, physiological and transcriptomic phenotypes of five human glutamatergic supragranular neuron types. These were enriched in but not restricted to layers, with one type varying continuously in all phenotypes across layers 2 and 3. The deep portion of layer 3 contained highly distinctive cell types, two of which express a neurofilament protein that labels long-range projection neurons in primates that are selectively depleted in Alzheimer's disease4,5. Together, these results demonstrate the explanatory power of transcriptomic cell-type classification, provide a structural underpinning for increased complexity of cortical function in humans, and implicate discrete transcriptomic neuron types as selectively vulnerable in disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jim Berg
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Jonathan T Ting
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Nick Dee
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Brian Kalmbach
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Changkyu Lee
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Brian R Lee
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | - Eliza Barkan
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Allison Beller
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kyla Berry
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Kris Bickley
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Peter Chong
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Tsega Desta
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Tom Egdorf
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | - David Feng
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Olivia Fong
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Szabina Furdan
- MTA-SZTE Research Group for Cortical Microcircuits, Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Neuroscience, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Anna A Galakhova
- Department of Integrative Neurophysiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research (CNCR), Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Clare Gamlin
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Amanda Gary
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Jeff Goldy
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Natalia A Goriounova
- Department of Integrative Neurophysiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research (CNCR), Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Hong Gu
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | - Tim S Heistek
- Department of Integrative Neurophysiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research (CNCR), Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alex M Henry
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Djai B Heyer
- Department of Integrative Neurophysiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research (CNCR), Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - DiJon Hill
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Chris Hill
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Madie Hupp
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Tim Jarsky
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Sara Kebede
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Lisa Keene
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Lisa Kim
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | - Caitlin Latimer
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Boaz P Levi
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | - Rusty Mann
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Desiree Marshall
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Medea McGraw
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Erica Melief
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Eline J Mertens
- Department of Integrative Neurophysiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research (CNCR), Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Leona Mezei
- MTA-SZTE Research Group for Cortical Microcircuits, Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Neuroscience, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Norbert Mihut
- MTA-SZTE Research Group for Cortical Microcircuits, Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Neuroscience, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | | | - Gabor Molnar
- MTA-SZTE Research Group for Cortical Microcircuits, Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Neuroscience, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Alice Mukora
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Lindsay Ng
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kiet Ngo
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Julie Nyhus
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Gaspar Olah
- MTA-SZTE Research Group for Cortical Microcircuits, Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Neuroscience, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Aaron Oldre
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Attila Ozsvar
- MTA-SZTE Research Group for Cortical Microcircuits, Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Neuroscience, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Daniel Park
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - David Reid
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Josef Sulc
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Aaron Szafer
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Viktor Szemenyei
- MTA-SZTE Research Group for Cortical Microcircuits, Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Neuroscience, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | | | - Michael Tieu
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | - Herman Tung
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Femke Waleboer
- Department of Integrative Neurophysiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research (CNCR), Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Katelyn Ward
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - René Wilbers
- Department of Integrative Neurophysiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research (CNCR), Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Zizhen Yao
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Pal Barzo
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Amy Bernard
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Philip C de Witt Hamer
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Brain Tumor Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Manuel Ferreira
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | - Patrick R Hof
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sander Idema
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Brain Tumor Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - C Dirk Keene
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Andrew L Ko
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Gabe J Murphy
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Lydia Ng
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jeffrey G Ojemann
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Anoop P Patel
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Daniel L Silbergeld
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | - Rafael Yuste
- NeuroTechnology Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Idan Segev
- Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences and Department of Neurobiology, The Hebrew University Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Christiaan P J de Kock
- Department of Integrative Neurophysiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research (CNCR), Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Huibert D Mansvelder
- Department of Integrative Neurophysiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research (CNCR), Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gabor Tamas
- MTA-SZTE Research Group for Cortical Microcircuits, Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Neuroscience, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Hongkui Zeng
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Ed S Lein
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA.
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
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9
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Yao Z, van Velthoven CTJ, Nguyen TN, Goldy J, Sedeno-Cortes AE, Baftizadeh F, Bertagnolli D, Casper T, Chiang M, Crichton K, Ding SL, Fong O, Garren E, Glandon A, Gouwens NW, Gray J, Graybuck LT, Hawrylycz MJ, Hirschstein D, Kroll M, Lathia K, Lee C, Levi B, McMillen D, Mok S, Pham T, Ren Q, Rimorin C, Shapovalova N, Sulc J, Sunkin SM, Tieu M, Torkelson A, Tung H, Ward K, Dee N, Smith KA, Tasic B, Zeng H. A taxonomy of transcriptomic cell types across the isocortex and hippocampal formation. Cell 2021; 184:3222-3241.e26. [PMID: 34004146 PMCID: PMC8195859 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 346] [Impact Index Per Article: 115.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The isocortex and hippocampal formation (HPF) in the mammalian brain play critical roles in perception, cognition, emotion, and learning. We profiled ∼1.3 million cells covering the entire adult mouse isocortex and HPF and derived a transcriptomic cell-type taxonomy revealing a comprehensive repertoire of glutamatergic and GABAergic neuron types. Contrary to the traditional view of HPF as having a simpler cellular organization, we discover a complete set of glutamatergic types in HPF homologous to all major subclasses found in the six-layered isocortex, suggesting that HPF and the isocortex share a common circuit organization. We also identify large-scale continuous and graded variations of cell types along isocortical depth, across the isocortical sheet, and in multiple dimensions in hippocampus and subiculum. Overall, our study establishes a molecular architecture of the mammalian isocortex and hippocampal formation and begins to shed light on its underlying relationship with the development, evolution, connectivity, and function of these two brain structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zizhen Yao
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | | | | | - Jeff Goldy
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | | | | | | | - Tamara Casper
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Megan Chiang
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | | | - Song-Lin Ding
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Olivia Fong
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Emma Garren
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | | | | | - James Gray
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | | | | | | | - Matthew Kroll
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Kanan Lathia
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Changkyu Lee
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Boaz Levi
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | | | - Stephanie Mok
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Thanh Pham
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Qingzhong Ren
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | | | | | - Josef Sulc
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Susan M Sunkin
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Michael Tieu
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Amy Torkelson
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Herman Tung
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Katelyn Ward
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Nick Dee
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | | | - Bosiljka Tasic
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Hongkui Zeng
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
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10
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Mok S, Al Habyan S, Ledoux C, Lee W, MacDonald KN, McCaffrey L, Moraes C. Mapping cellular-scale internal mechanics in 3D tissues with thermally responsive hydrogel probes. Nat Commun 2020; 11:4757. [PMID: 32958771 PMCID: PMC7505969 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-18469-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Local tissue mechanics play a critical role in cell function, but measuring these properties at cellular length scales in living 3D tissues can present considerable challenges. Here we present thermoresponsive, smart material microgels that can be dispersed or injected into tissues and optically assayed to measure residual tissue elasticity after creep over several weeks. We first develop and characterize the sensors, and demonstrate that internal mechanical profiles of live multicellular spheroids can be mapped at high resolutions to reveal broad ranges of rigidity within the tissues, which vary with subtle differences in spheroid aggregation method. We then show that small sites of unexpectedly high rigidity develop in invasive breast cancer spheroids, and in an in vivo mouse model of breast cancer progression. These focal sites of increased intratumoral rigidity suggest new possibilities for how early mechanical cues that drive cancer cells towards invasion might arise within the evolving tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Mok
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, 3610 University Street, Montreal, QC, H3A 0C5, Canada
| | - Sara Al Habyan
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, 160 Pine Ave W, Montreal, QC, H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Charles Ledoux
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, 3610 University Street, Montreal, QC, H3A 0C5, Canada
| | - Wontae Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, 3610 University Street, Montreal, QC, H3A 0C5, Canada
| | - Katherine N MacDonald
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, 3610 University Street, Montreal, QC, H3A 0C5, Canada
| | - Luke McCaffrey
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, 160 Pine Ave W, Montreal, QC, H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Christopher Moraes
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, 3610 University Street, Montreal, QC, H3A 0C5, Canada.
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, 160 Pine Ave W, Montreal, QC, H3A 1A3, Canada.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, 3775 University Street, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada.
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11
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Bui T, Rennhack J, Mok S, Ling C, Perez M, Roccamo J, Andrechek ER, Moraes C, Muller WJ. Functional Redundancy between β1 and β3 Integrin in Activating the IR/Akt/mTORC1 Signaling Axis to Promote ErbB2-Driven Breast Cancer. Cell Rep 2020; 29:589-602.e6. [PMID: 31618629 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Integrin receptors coordinate cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix (ECM) to facilitate many cellular processes during malignant transformation. Despite their pro-tumorigenic roles, therapies targeting integrins remain limited. Here, we provide genetic evidence supporting a functional redundancy between β1 and β3 integrin during breast cancer progression. Although ablation of β1 or β3 integrin alone has limited effects on ErbB2-driven mammary tumorigenesis, deletion of both receptors resulted in a significant delay in tumor onset with a corresponding impairment in lung metastasis. Mechanistically, stiff ECM cooperates with integrin receptors to recruit insulin receptors (IRs) to focal adhesion through the formation of integrin/IR complexes, thereby preventing their lysosomal degradation. β1/β3 integrin-deficient tumors that eventually emerged exhibit impaired Akt/mTORC1 activity. Murine and human breast cancers exhibiting enhanced integrin-dependent activity also display elevated IR/Akt/mTORC1 signaling activity. Together, these observations argue that integrin/IR crosstalk transduces mechanical cues from the tumor microenvironment to promote ErbB2-dependent breast cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tung Bui
- Goodman Cancer Center, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Biochemistry Department, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jonathan Rennhack
- Physiology Department, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Stephanie Mok
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Chen Ling
- Canadian Memorial Chiropractic College, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Marco Perez
- Goodman Cancer Center, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Joshua Roccamo
- Goodman Cancer Center, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Eran R Andrechek
- Physiology Department, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Christopher Moraes
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - William J Muller
- Goodman Cancer Center, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Biochemistry Department, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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12
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Ma Z, Sagrillo-Fagundes L, Mok S, Vaillancourt C, Moraes C. Mechanobiological regulation of placental trophoblast fusion and function through extracellular matrix rigidity. Sci Rep 2020; 10:5837. [PMID: 32246004 PMCID: PMC7125233 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-62659-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The syncytiotrophoblast is a multinucleated layer that plays a critical role in regulating functions of the human placenta during pregnancy. Maintaining the syncytiotrophoblast layer relies on ongoing fusion of mononuclear cytotrophoblasts throughout pregnancy, and errors in this fusion process are associated with complications such as preeclampsia. While biochemical factors are known to drive fusion, the role of disease-specific extracellular biophysical cues remains undefined. Since substrate mechanics play a crucial role in several diseases, and preeclampsia is associated with placental stiffening, we hypothesize that trophoblast fusion is mechanically regulated by substrate stiffness. We developed stiffness-tunable polyacrylamide substrate formulations that match the linear elasticity of placental tissue in normal and disease conditions, and evaluated trophoblast morphology, fusion, and function on these surfaces. Our results demonstrate that morphology, fusion, and hormone release is mechanically-regulated via myosin-II; optimal on substrates that match healthy placental tissue stiffness; and dysregulated on disease-like and supraphysiologically-stiff substrates. We further demonstrate that stiff regions in heterogeneous substrates provide dominant physical cues that inhibit fusion, suggesting that even focal tissue stiffening limits widespread trophoblast fusion and tissue function. These results confirm that mechanical microenvironmental cues influence fusion in the placenta, provide critical information needed to engineer better in vitro models for placental disease, and may ultimately be used to develop novel mechanically-mediated therapeutic strategies to resolve fusion-related disorders during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenwei Ma
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Lucas Sagrillo-Fagundes
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- INRS-Centre Armand Frappier Santé Biotechnologie and Réseau Intersectoriel de Recherche en Santé de l'Université du Québec, Laval, QC, Canada
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Well-Being, Health, Society and Environment, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Stephanie Mok
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Cathy Vaillancourt
- INRS-Centre Armand Frappier Santé Biotechnologie and Réseau Intersectoriel de Recherche en Santé de l'Université du Québec, Laval, QC, Canada
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Well-Being, Health, Society and Environment, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Christopher Moraes
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.
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13
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Zhao L, Mok S, Moraes C. Micropocket hydrogel devices for all-in-one formation, assembly, and analysis of aggregate-based tissues. Biofabrication 2019; 11:045013. [DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ab30b4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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14
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Turnbull AK, Martinez-Perez C, Mok S, Tanioka M, Fernando A, Renshaw L, Keys J, Wheless A, Garrett A, Parker J, He X, Sims AH, Carey LA, Perou CM, Dixon JM. Abstract P5-04-27: Investigating the incidence of ESR1 gene amplification in breast cancers resistant to multiple endocrine agents. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-p5-04-27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Around 70% of all breast cancers (BCs) are estrogen receptor positive (ER+), but some do not respond to endocrine therapy (ET) and many eventually develop resistance. ESR amplification (ESRA) linked to an increase in ESR1 gene expression is known to occur in some cancers that are endocrine resistant. However, the incidence of ESRA has been the object of debate and its clinical significance remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the incidence of ESRA in BCs resistant to multiple sequential ETs and optimise a fluorescence in-situ hybridisation (FISH) methodology to robustly detect ESRA.
Methods: Two unique cohorts have been studied:
(A) 20 post-menopausal women with ER+ BC with acquired resistance to letrozole, subsequently treated with up to 4 different lines of ET. Serial RNA and DNA from 3-5 cancer samples per patient (58 samples from 20 patients) were analysed by Ribo0-RNAseq and DNA exome sequencing;
(B) 18 post-menopausal women who developed ER+ BC recurrences on 1st line adjuvant letrozole, then on 2nd line tamoxifen and subsequently on 3rd line exemestane. Tissues were collected at the time of each surgery.
We have optimised a FISH method to assess ESRA in these tissues.
Results: In cohort A, 6/20 patients developed ESR1 gene amplification (ESRA) at some point during treatment. In 5 of these cases, ESRA was only found while on 2nd or 3rd line exemestane but was not present on acquired resistance to previous letrozole or tamoxifen. 1 patient had ESRA at the time of first recurrence on letrozole.
The FISH method showed concordance with the genomic analysis. This suggests that ESRA may be associated with BCs that are treated with and then become resistant to exemestane.
ESRA is also evident in samples from Cohort B, which includes 18 exemestane resistant cases. The complete analysis is ongoing.
Conclusions:
· ESRA can be seen in ER+ recurrent BCs.
· ESRA may be associated with BCs treated with 2nd or 3rd line exemestane.
· The frequency of ESRA in endocrine and exemestane resistance can now be ascertained using an optimised FISH-based method, which is more cost-effective than alternative genomic and biochemical methods.
Citation Format: Turnbull AK, Martinez-Perez C, Mok S, Tanioka M, Fernando A, Renshaw L, Keys J, Wheless A, Garrett A, Parker J, He X, Sims AH, Carey LA, Perou CM, Dixon JM. Investigating the incidence of ESR1 gene amplification in breast cancers resistant to multiple endocrine agents [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-04-27.
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Affiliation(s)
- AK Turnbull
- Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Arab Emirates; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; Edinburgh Breast Unit, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - C Martinez-Perez
- Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Arab Emirates; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; Edinburgh Breast Unit, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - S Mok
- Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Arab Emirates; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; Edinburgh Breast Unit, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - M Tanioka
- Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Arab Emirates; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; Edinburgh Breast Unit, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - A Fernando
- Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Arab Emirates; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; Edinburgh Breast Unit, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - L Renshaw
- Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Arab Emirates; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; Edinburgh Breast Unit, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - J Keys
- Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Arab Emirates; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; Edinburgh Breast Unit, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - A Wheless
- Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Arab Emirates; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; Edinburgh Breast Unit, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - A Garrett
- Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Arab Emirates; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; Edinburgh Breast Unit, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - J Parker
- Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Arab Emirates; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; Edinburgh Breast Unit, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - X He
- Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Arab Emirates; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; Edinburgh Breast Unit, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - AH Sims
- Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Arab Emirates; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; Edinburgh Breast Unit, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - LA Carey
- Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Arab Emirates; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; Edinburgh Breast Unit, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - CM Perou
- Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Arab Emirates; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; Edinburgh Breast Unit, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - JM Dixon
- Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Arab Emirates; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; Edinburgh Breast Unit, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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15
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Turnbull AK, Mok S, Martinez-Perez C, Fernando A, Renshaw L, Keys J, Sims AH, Dixon JM. Abstract P5-11-03: Measurement of on-treatment proliferation biomarkers in nodal metastasis improves prediction of endocrine therapy response using the EA2CliN test. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-p5-11-03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: The majority of patients with early-stage estrogen receptor positive (ER+) breast cancer (BC) are treated with adjuvant endocrine therapy (ET) after surgery to reduce the risk of recurrence. Recently, we have developed and validated an immunohistochemistry (IHC) based assay (EndoAdjuvant2 Clinical; EA2Clin) that measures pre-treatment IL6ST level together with clinical variables and on-treatment MCM4 to assess proliferation. We have previously shown that it can accurately identify responders and non-responders to ET and predicts recurrence-free survival (RFS) and BC-specific overall survival (BCSS). We postulated that measuring on-treatment proliferation in lymph node metastases (LN+) rather in the primary cancer might further improve the accuracy of the test for these patients. The aim was to test and validate this in cohorts of pre- and post-menopausal women (preMW & PMW) treated with preoperative ET (tamoxifen (T), fulvestrant (F), letrozole (L) or anastrozole (A)) and subsequent adjuvant ET.
Methods: Cohorts: (1) 137 PMW with ER+ BC, 59 were LN+, treated with neoadjuvant L (median duration 4.8 months, range 1-33), then surgery followed by adjuvant L (n=109) or other ET (n=28); (2) 148 PMW with ER+ BC, 55 were LN+, treated with 2 weeks of preoperative L (n=76) or A (n=72), then surgery followed by adjuvant L (n=69) or T (n=79); (3) 52 preMW with ER+ BC, 24 were LN+, treated with 2 weeks of preoperative T (n=26) or 1x750mg dose of F (n=26), then surgery followed by adjuvant T. All LN+ patients had sentinel node biopsies or clearance. The median follow-up was 6.5 years (cohort 1), 6.3 years (cohort 2) and 10.2 years (cohort 3).
EA2Clin: Patients are classified as:
· Low risk: ER+ and LN-negative and <2cm or pre-treatment IL6ST 2+/3+ (IHC) and post-treatment MCM4 in the primary has <20% positive nuclear staining.
· High risk: ER+ LN+ grade 3 BCs >2cm or pre-treatment IL6ST is 0 or 1+, or IL6ST is 2+ or 3+ and MCM4 in the primary has >10% positive nuclear staining.
EA2CliN uses the post-treatment level of MCM4 in the nodes, rather than the primary cancer.
Results: In cohort 1, EA2Clin (using primary tumour MCM4) was significantly associated with both RFS (P=0.0003, HR=13.17, 95%CI=5.48-13.61) and BCSS (P=0.005, HR=11.91, 95%CI=8.73-31.42). The 5 and 10 year actuarial recurrence rates were 5%/5% and 48%/64% for the low and high-risk groups respectively.
In the same cohort, using the MCM4 level in the node (EA2CliN) there was an even more significant association with both RFS (P<0.00009, HR=18.16, 95%CI=12.59-19.46) and BCSS (P=0.002, HR=12.93, 95%CI=5.43-25.62). The 5 and 10 year actuarial recurrence rates were 0%/0% and 48%/72% for the low and high-risk groups respectively. Further validation of EA2CliN in cohorts 2 and 3 is underway.
Discussion:
· Direct measurement of on-treatment proliferation biomarkers in LN metastases improves prediction of outcomes to ET in women with BC.
· This tests identifies a group of low risk women that are node negative and node positive with a 100% RFS and BCSS.
· This is the most impressive predictive test for patients with ER+ breast cancer yet developed.
Citation Format: Turnbull AK, Mok S, Martinez-Perez C, Fernando A, Renshaw L, Keys J, Sims AH, Dixon JM. Measurement of on-treatment proliferation biomarkers in nodal metastasis improves prediction of endocrine therapy response using the EA2CliN test [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-11-03.
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Affiliation(s)
- AK Turnbull
- Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinuburgh, United Kingdom; Edinburgh Breast Unit, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - S Mok
- Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinuburgh, United Kingdom; Edinburgh Breast Unit, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - C Martinez-Perez
- Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinuburgh, United Kingdom; Edinburgh Breast Unit, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - A Fernando
- Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinuburgh, United Kingdom; Edinburgh Breast Unit, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - L Renshaw
- Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinuburgh, United Kingdom; Edinburgh Breast Unit, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - J Keys
- Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinuburgh, United Kingdom; Edinburgh Breast Unit, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - AH Sims
- Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinuburgh, United Kingdom; Edinburgh Breast Unit, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - JM Dixon
- Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinuburgh, United Kingdom; Edinburgh Breast Unit, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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Dottino J, Pakish J, Chisholm G, Jazaeri A, Schmandt R, Mok S, Broaddus R, Yates M, Lu K. Is the immune microenvironment of microsatellite instable endometrial cancer altered in morbidly obese vs non-obese patients? Gynecol Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2017.03.249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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17
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Abstract
The field of mechanobiology provides an integrative understanding of biology and engineering principles. Mechanical forces are now well-established to provide a physical stimulus to help maintain normal tissue function, yet little is understood as to how forces experienced at various length scales influence cell behaviour and tissue function. In this Research Highlight, we describe recent technical innovations that have enabled advanced insight into the cellular microenvironment across a range of length scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Mok
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Canada.
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18
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Mok S, Ang LC, Howlett CJ, Khan ZA. Abstract 5208: Neovascularization in brain metastasis is through both angiogenesis and vasculogenesis. Cancer Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2015-5208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Metastatic brain tumors are the most common brain tumor in adults with an incidence 10 times greater than primary brain tumors. A variety of malignancies eventually spread to the brain, with a majority arising from cancers of the lung, breast, kidney, and skin. Experimental studies using breast and melanoma cell lines have recently shown that growth of metastatic brain tumors may occur by utilizing pre-existing blood vessel, or by co-opting rather than inducing new vessel formation. Whether the same mechanisms of vascular utilization and expansion play a role in human metastatic brain tumors is unknown and is the focus of the present study.
We examined the immuno-phenotype of blood vessels in primary and metastatic human brain tumors to determine the presence of new blood vessels formation. Glioblastoma multiforme (n = 12) and secondary tumors from melanoma (n = 10), breast (n = 10), kidney (n = 5), and lung (n = 13) all showed extensive immunoreactivity for endothelial marker CD31. We also found a significant number of endothelial cells expressing Ki-67, most notably among breast carcinoma, glioblastoma multiforme and melanoma cases, indicating microvessel proliferation and angiogenesis. Interestingly, both primary and secondary metastatic tumors also showed vascular endothelial cells concomitantly expressing stem cell markers, such as Oct4, suggesting that some of these microvessels are derived through vasculogenesis. These findings show that both proliferation of endothelial cells and de novo endothelial differentiation may underlie metastatic tumor growth to different degrees depending on their site of primary origin. Currently, our laboratory is determining the exact contribution of angiogenesis and vasculogenesis in brain metastasis.
Our findings show that neo-vessels are evident in brain metastasis. Elucidating the source of these vessels may uncover new treatment targets for patients with brain metastasis.
Citation Format: Stephanie Mok, Lee-Cyn Ang, Christopher J. Howlett, Zia A. Khan. Neovascularization in brain metastasis is through both angiogenesis and vasculogenesis. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 5208. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-5208
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Mok
- University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lee-Cyn Ang
- University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Zia A. Khan
- University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
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Onstad M, Holman L, Ring K, Au Yeung C, Zhang Q, Schmandt R, Mok S, Lu K. Omentin as a biomarker associated with improved overall survival in serous ovarian cancer. Gynecol Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2015.01.515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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20
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Holman L, Onstad M, Zhang Q, Schmandt R, Neal S, Munsell M, Urbauer D, Mok S, Lu K. Serum omentin concentration is a potential biomarker for complex atypical hyperplasia and endometrioid endometrial cancer. Gynecol Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2014.03.313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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21
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Zaid T, Schmandt R, Mok S. Identification and characterization of novel Müllerian-specific cancer associated antigens. Gynecol Oncol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2013.04.452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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22
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Tsai C, Zaid T, Co C, Thompson M, Yeung T, Carroll A, Wong K, Mok S. The role of interferon-stimulated gene 15 in advanced stage high-grade serous ovarian adenocarcinoma. Gynecol Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2011.12.342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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23
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George JL, Mok S, Moses D, Wilkins S, Bush AI, Cherny RA, Finkelstein DI. Targeting the progression of Parkinson's disease. Curr Neuropharmacol 2010; 7:9-36. [PMID: 19721815 PMCID: PMC2724666 DOI: 10.2174/157015909787602814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2008] [Revised: 08/15/2008] [Accepted: 09/09/2008] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
By the time a patient first presents with symptoms of Parkinson's disease at the clinic, a significant proportion (50-70%) of the cells in the substantia nigra (SN) has already been destroyed. This degeneration progresses until, within a few years, most of the cells have died. Except for rare cases of familial PD, the initial trigger for cell loss is unknown. However, we do have some clues as to why the damage, once initiated, progresses unabated. It would represent a major advance in therapy to arrest cell loss at the stage when the patient first presents at the clinic. Current therapies for Parkinson's disease focus on relieving the motor symptoms of the disease, these unfortunately lose their effectiveness as the neurodegeneration and symptoms progress. Many experimental approaches are currently being investigated attempting to alter the progression of the disease. These range from replacement of the lost neurons to neuroprotective therapies; each of these will be briefly discussed in this review. The main thrust of this review is to explore the interactions between dopamine, alpha synuclein and redox-active metals. There is abundant evidence suggesting that destruction of SN cells occurs as a result of a self-propagating series of reactions involving dopamine, alpha synuclein and redox-active metals. A potent reducing agent, the neurotransmitter dopamine has a central role in this scheme, acting through redox metallo-chemistry to catalyze the formation of toxic oligomers of alpha-synuclein and neurotoxic metabolites including 6-hydroxydopamine. It has been hypothesized that these feed the cycle of neurodegeneration by generating further oxidative stress. The goal of dissecting and understanding the observed pathological changes is to identify therapeutic targets to mitigate the progression of this debilitating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L George
- The Mental Health Research Institute of Victoria , 155 Oak Street, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
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24
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Lee G, Man D, Mok S, Tsui J, Cheung R, Li F. Psy01 A Community Mental Health Programme for Older Adults With Cognitive Impairment or Depressive Symptoms. Hong Kong J Occup Ther 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1861(10)70037-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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25
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Ozbun L, Bonome T, Johnson ME, Radonovich M, Pise-Masison C, Brady J, Mok S, Birrer ME. Gene expression signature predicts chemoresponse of microdissected papillary serous ovarian tumors. J Clin Oncol 2006. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2006.24.18_suppl.5064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
5064 Background: The purpose of this study was to identify a predictive gene signature for chemoresponse in patients with advanced stage papillary serous ovarian cancer. Methods: Expression profiling was performed on 50 chemonaive, microdissected advanced stage papillary serous ovarian cancers using Affymetrix Human Genome U133 Plus 2.0 microarrays. Chemoresistance was defined as disease progression while the patients remained on primary chemotherapy. Nine normal human ovarian surface epithelial (HOSE) brushings were also assessed to quantify normal gene expression levels. Validation was performed by quantitative real time PCR using the HOSE isolates and microdissected ovarian tumor samples. Results: A supervised learning algorithm applied to genes differentially expressed between chemosensitive/resistance tumors (p < 0.001) using leave-one-out cross-validation (LOOCV), identified over 2000 genes associated with tumor chemosensitivity. The chemoresponsive gene list was further refined to 576 genes by including only genes used for all LOOCV iterations. An independent gene list was generated comparing expression profiles of chemoresistant tumors to HOSE. The two lists were compared to identify common genes, generating final classifier list of 75 genes that included genes involved in apoptosis, RNA processing, protein ubiquitination, transcription regulation, and other novel genes. We hypothesized genes identified in both data sets would be predictive and biologically relevant. Of these 75 genes, 20 were validated by real-time PCR. Validated genes were ranked by a univariate t-stat value to further resolve the predictor. 4 multivariate predictor algorithms demonstrated the 10 top ranked validated genes maximixed prediction accuracy (compound covariate, 91%; diagonal linear discriminant analysis, 91%; 3-nearest neighbor, 86%; nearest centroid, 95%). The predictive value of these genes will be evaluated on an independent sample set. Conclusions: Gene expression profiling can distinguish between chemosensitive and chemoresistant ovarian cancers. This signature can predict response to therapy and has identified novel biologically and clinically relevant targets. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Ozbun
- National Institute of Health/National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - T. Bonome
- National Institute of Health/National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - M. E. Johnson
- National Institute of Health/National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - M. Radonovich
- National Institute of Health/National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - C. Pise-Masison
- National Institute of Health/National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - J. Brady
- National Institute of Health/National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - S. Mok
- National Institute of Health/National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - M. E. Birrer
- National Institute of Health/National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
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26
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Ahmed N, Pansino F, Clyde R, Murthi P, Quinn MA, Rice GE, Agrez MV, Mok S, Baker MS. Overexpression of alpha(v)beta6 integrin in serous epithelial ovarian cancer regulates extracellular matrix degradation via the plasminogen activation cascade. Carcinogenesis 2002; 23:237-44. [PMID: 11872628 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/23.2.237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests that integrins are involved in the multi-step process of tumour metastasis. The biological relevance of alpha(v) integrins and associated beta-subunits in ovarian cancer metastasis was examined by analysing the expression of these cell surface receptors in nine ovarian cancer cell lines and also in the primary human ovarian surface epithelial cell line (HOSE). beta1, beta3 and beta5 subunits were present in all ten ovarian cell lines. beta6 subunit was present at varying levels in eight out of nine cancer cell lines but was absent in the HOSE cell line. Immunohistochemical staining showed that beta6 was present in both non-invasive (borderline) and high-grade ovarian cancer tissues but was absent in benign and normal ovarian tissue. High alpha(v)beta6 integrin expressing ovarian cancer cell lines had high cell surface expression of uPA and uPAR. Ovarian cancer cell lines expressing high to moderate level of alpha(v)beta6 integrin demonstrated ligand-independent enhanced levels of high molecular weight (HMW)-uPA and pro-matrix metalloproteinase 2 and 9 (pro-MMP-2 and pro-MMP-9) expression in the tumour-conditioned medium. High and moderate expression of alpha(v)beta6 integrin correlated with increased plasminogen-dependent degradation of extracellular matrix which could be inhibited by inhibitors of plasmin, uPA and MMPs or by monoclonal antibody against uPA, MMP-9 or alpha(v)beta6 integrin. These results suggest that endogenous de novo expression of alpha(v)beta6 integrin in ovarian cancer cells may contribute to their invasive potential, and that alpha(v)beta6 expression may play a role in ovarian cancer progression and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Ahmed
- Gynaecological Cancer Research Centre, Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.
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27
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Muto MG, Cramer DW, Tangir J, Berkowitz R, Mok S. Frequency of the BRCA1 185delAG mutation among Jewish women with ovarian cancer and matched population controls. Cancer Res 1996; 56:1250-2. [PMID: 8640808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Among women of Ashkenazi Jewish origin, a frameshift mutation of the BRCA1 gene, designated 185delAG, occurs with a carrier frequency of approximately 1% and is estimated to account for about 39% of ovarian cancer cases occurring prior to age 50 years. To determine the actual frequency of this mutation among Jewish women with ovarian cancer, we tested DNA collected as part of an ongoing population-based case-control study of genetic and environmental factors for epithelial ovarian cancer in eastern Massachusetts. Using single-stranded conformational polymorphism analysis followed by direct sequencing, we found that 6 (19.4%) of 31 Jewish patients were carriers for a 185delAG mutation compared to 0 of 23 Jewish controls (P=0.03) Using empiric logic [correction of logits], the estimated relative risk for ovarian cancer associated with a 185delAG mutation is 12.0. The average age of the 6 patients with mutations was 48.3 years, significantly younger than the average of 57.4 years observed for the 25 patients without the mutation (P-0.05). For ovarian cancer diagnosed prior to age 50 years, three (37.5%) of eight patients carried the mutation. None of the six patients with the mutation had a history consistent with hereditary breast ovarian cancer syndrome, although two had a personal history of prior cancer. Our results provide empiric conformation of the estimated prevalence of 185delAG mutations among Jewish women with ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Muto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
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28
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Mok S, Worsfold D, Fouda A, Matsuura T, Wang S, Chan K. Study on the effect of spinning conditions and surface treatment on the geometry and performance of polymeric hollow-fibre membranes. J Memb Sci 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0376-7388(94)00134-k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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30
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Tsui HW, Mok S, de Souza L, Martin A, Tsui FW. Transcriptional analyses of the gene region that encodes human histidyl-tRNA synthetase: identification of a novel bidirectional regulatory element. Gene X 1993; 131:201-8. [PMID: 8406012 DOI: 10.1016/0378-1119(93)90294-d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
A recombinant phage clone containing the 5' end of the gene HRS encoding human histidyl-tRNA synthetase (HRS) has been isolated. Primer extension analyses indicated that there are two types of HRS transcripts. The longer transcripts were initiated from a single transcription start point (tsp) located approximately 455 bp upstream and the shorter transcripts were initiated from multiple tsp located approximately 38 to 82 bp upstream from the HRS ATG start codon. Functionally, we have identified two regions (+1 to -122; -185 to -502), each of which when placed 5' of a promoterless cat construct can initiate transcription in both orientations after transfection into HeLa cells. A pair of imperfect inverted repeats (IIR) was located within the region +1 to -122. Using mobility shift assays, we have identified a nuclear factor that binds specifically to each half of the IIR. However, this pair of IIR (-73 to -110) was not sufficient for bidirectional transcription activity. At least one copy of a 27-bp oligodeoxyribonucleotide (oligo), which spans -94 to -120, was required in order to facilitate bidirectional transcription activity. From mobility shift assays using HeLa cell nuclear extracts and this 27-bp oligo, we have identified two DNA-protein complexes, both of which are presumably required to initiate bidirectional transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- H W Tsui
- Department of Medicine, Toronto Hospital, Ontario, Canada
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31
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Tsui FW, Tsui HW, Mok S, Mlinaric I, Copeland NG, Gilbert DJ, Jenkins NA, Siminovitch KA. Molecular characterization and mapping of murine genes encoding three members of the stefin family of cysteine proteinase inhibitors. Genomics 1993; 15:507-14. [PMID: 8468045 DOI: 10.1006/geno.1993.1101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Stefins or Type 1 cystatins belong to a large, evolutionarily conserved protein superfamily, the members of which inhibit the papain-like cysteine proteinases. We report here on the molecular cloning and chromosomal localization of three newly identified members of the murine stefin gene family. These genes, designated herein as mouse stefins 1, 2, and 3, were isolated on the basis of their relatively increased expression in moth-eaten viable compared to normal congenic mouse bone marrow cells. The open reading frames of the stefin cDNAs encode proteins of approximately 11.5 kDa that show between 50 and 92% identity to sequences of stefins isolated from various other species. Data from Southern analysis suggest that the murine stefin gene family encompasses at least 6 and possibly 10-20 members, all of which appear to be clustered in the genome. Analysis of interspecific backcross mice indicates that the genes encoding the three mouse stefins all map to mouse chromosome 16, a localization that is consistent with the recent assignment of the human stefin A gene to a region of conserved homology between human chromosome 3q and the proximal region of mouse chromosome 16.
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Affiliation(s)
- F W Tsui
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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