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Crooks CJ, West J, Morling JR, Simmonds M, Juurlink I, Cruickshank S, Briggs S, Hammond-Pears S, Shaw D, Card TR, Fogarty AW. Pulse oximetry has limited utility in identifying potential patients for long-term oxygen therapy. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2024; 28:253-255. [PMID: 38659138 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.23.0491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- C J Crooks
- Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and the University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, UK
| | - J West
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and the University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, UK, Lifespan and Population Health, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK, East Midlands Academic Health Science Network, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - J R Morling
- Lifespan and Population Health, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - M Simmonds
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, UK
| | - I Juurlink
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, UK
| | | | - S Briggs
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, UK
| | - S Hammond-Pears
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, UK, East Midlands Academic Health Science Network, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - D Shaw
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and the University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK, Division of Respiratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham
| | - T R Card
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and the University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, UK, Lifespan and Population Health, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - A W Fogarty
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and the University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, UK, Lifespan and Population Health, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
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Gonem S, Lemberger J, Baguneid A, Briggs S, McKeever TM, Shaw D. Real-world implementation of the National Early Warning Score-2 in an acute respiratory unit. BMJ Open Respir Res 2024; 11:e002095. [PMID: 38296608 PMCID: PMC10831462 DOI: 10.1136/bmjresp-2023-002095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The National Early Warning Score-2 (NEWS-2) is used to detect deteriorating patients in hospital settings. We aimed to understand how NEWS-2 functions in the real-life setting of an acute respiratory unit. METHODS Clinical observations data were extracted for adult patients (age ≥18 years), admitted under the care of respiratory medicine services from July to December 2019, who had at least one recorded task relating to clinical deterioration. The timing and nature of urgent out-of-hours medical reviews (escalations) were extracted through manual review of the case notes. RESULTS The data set comprised 765 admission episodes (48.9% women) with a mean (SD) age of 69.3 (14.8). 8971 out of 35 991 out-of-hours observation sets (24.9%) had a NEWS-2 ≥5, and 586 of these (6.5%) led to an escalation. Out of 687 escalations, 101 (14.7%) were associated with observation sets with NEWS-2<5. Rising oxygen requirement and extreme values of individual observations were associated with an increased risk of escalation. 57.6% of escalations resulted in a change in treatment. Inpatient mortality was higher in patients who were escalated at least once, compared with those who were not escalated. CONCLUSIONS Most observation sets with NEWS-2 scores ≥5 did not lead to a medical escalation in an acute respiratory setting out-of-hours, but more than half of escalations resulted in a change in treatment. Rising oxygen requirement is a key indicator of respiratory patient acuity which appears to influence the decision to request urgent out-of-hours medical reviews.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherif Gonem
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Joseph Lemberger
- Department of Oncology, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Abdulla Baguneid
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Steve Briggs
- Digital and Information, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Tricia M McKeever
- Lifespan and Population Health, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Dominick Shaw
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
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Devine LD, Hill AJ, Briggs S, Muldoon N, Gallagher AM. The acceptability of a peer-led intervention to promote healthy dietary behaviours among adolescents in the school-setting: a qualitative investigation - CORRIGENDUM. Proc Nutr Soc 2023:1. [PMID: 37781902 DOI: 10.1017/s0029665123003646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
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Crooks CJ, West J, Morling JR, Simmonds M, Juurlink I, Briggs S, Cruickshank S, Hammond-Pears S, Shaw D, Card TR, Marshall CR, Fogarty AW. Respiratory rate responses to both hypercapnia and acidaemia are modified by age in patients with acidosis. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2023:104098. [PMID: 37399900 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2023.104098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the associations between arterial pO2, pCO2 and pH and how these are modified by age. METHODS An analysis of 2598 patients admitted with a diagnosis of Covid-19 infection to a large UK teaching hospital. RESULTS There were inverse associations for arterial pO2, pCO2 and pH with respiratory rate. The effects of pCO2 and pH on respiratory rate were modified by age; older patients had higher respiratory rates at higher pCO2 (p=0.004) and lower pH (p=0.007) values. CONCLUSIONS This suggests that ageing is associated with complex changes in the physiological feedback loops that control respiratory rate. As well as having clinical relevance, this may also impact on the use of respiratory rate in early warning scores across the age range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin J Crooks
- Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, NG7 2UH; NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and the University of Nottingham, NG7 2UH; Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, NG7 2UH
| | - Joe West
- Lifespan and Population Health, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, NG5 1PB; NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and the University of Nottingham, NG7 2UH; Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, NG7 2UH; East Midlands Academic Health Science Network, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2TU
| | - Joanne R Morling
- Lifespan and Population Health, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, NG5 1PB; NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and the University of Nottingham, NG7 2UH; Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, NG7 2UH
| | | | | | - Steve Briggs
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, NG7 2UH
| | | | - Susan Hammond-Pears
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, NG7 2UH; East Midlands Academic Health Science Network, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2TU
| | - Dominick Shaw
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, NG7 2UH; Division of Respiratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, NG5 1PB
| | - Timothy R Card
- Lifespan and Population Health, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, NG5 1PB; NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and the University of Nottingham, NG7 2UH; Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, NG7 2UH
| | - Charles R Marshall
- Preventive Neurology Unit, Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ
| | - Andrew W Fogarty
- Lifespan and Population Health, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, NG5 1PB; NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and the University of Nottingham, NG7 2UH; Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, NG7 2UH.
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Crooks CJ, West J, Morling JR, Simmonds M, Juurlink I, Briggs S, Cruickshank S, Hammond-Pears S, Shaw D, Card TR, Fogarty AW. Anaemia of acute inflammation: a higher acute systemic inflammatory response is associated with a larger decrease in blood haemoglobin levels in patients with COVID-19 infection. Clin Med (Lond) 2023; 23:201-205. [PMID: 37197805 PMCID: PMC11046552 DOI: 10.7861/clinmed.2022-0436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The study tests the hypothesis that a higher acute systemic inflammatory response was associated with a larger decrease in blood hemoglobin levels in patients with Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) infection. METHODS All patients with either suspected or confirmed COVID-19 infection admitted to a busy UK hospital from February 2020 to December 2021 provided data for analysis. The exposure of interest was maximal serum C-reactive protein (CRP) level after COVID-19 during the same admission. RESULTS A maximal serum CRP >175mg/L was associated with a decrease in blood haemoglobin (-5.0 g/L, 95% confidence interval: -5.9 to -4.2) after adjustment for covariates, including the number of times blood was drawn for analysis.Clinically, for a 55-year-old male patient with a maximum haemoglobin of 150 g/L who was admitted for a 28-day admission, a peak CRP >175 mg/L would be associated with an 11 g/L decrease in blood haemoglobin, compared with only 6 g/L if the maximal CRP was <4 mg/L. CONCLUSIONS A higher acute systemic inflammatory response is associated with larger decreases in blood haemoglobin levels in patients with COVID-19. This represents an example of anaemia of acute inflammation, and a potential mechanism by which severe disease can increase morbidity and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joe West
- University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | | | - Mark Simmonds
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Irene Juurlink
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Steve Briggs
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
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Crooks CJ, West J, Morling J, Simmonds M, Juurlink I, Briggs S, Cruickshank S, Hammond-Pears S, Shaw D, Card T, Fogarty AW. Inverse association between blood pressure and pulse oximetry accuracy: an observational study in patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 infection. Emerg Med J 2023; 40:216-220. [PMID: 36600468 DOI: 10.1136/emermed-2022-212443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulse oximeters are a standard non-invasive tool to measure blood oxygen levels, and are used in multiple healthcare settings. It is important to understand the factors affecting their accuracy to be able to use them optimally and safely. This analysis aimed to explore the association of the measurement error of pulse oximeters with systolic BP, diastolic BP and heart rate (HR) within ranges of values commonly observed in clinical practice. METHODS The study design was a retrospective observational study of all patients admitted to a large teaching hospital with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 infection from February 2020 to December 2021. Data on systolic and diastolic BPs and HR levels were available from the same time period as the pulse oximetry measurements. RESULTS Data were available for 3420 patients with 5927 observations of blood oxygen saturations as measured by pulse oximetry and ABG sampling within 30 min. The difference in oxygen saturation using the paired pulse oximetry and arterial oxygen saturation difference measurements was inversely associated with systolic BP, increasing by 0.02% with each mm Hg decrease in systolic BP (95% CI 0.00% to 0.03%) over a range of 80-180 mm Hg. Inverse associations were also observed between the error for oxygen saturation as measured by pulse oximetry and with both diastolic BP (+0.03%; 95% CI 0.00% to 0.05%) and HR (+0.04%; 95% CI 0.02% to 0.06% for each unit decrease in the HR). CONCLUSIONS Care needs to be taken in interpreting pulse oximetry measurements in patients with lower systolic and diastolic BPs, and HRs, as oxygen saturation is overestimated as BP and HR decrease. Confirmation of the oxygen saturation with an ABG may be appropriate in some clinical scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin J Crooks
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Joe West
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Jo Morling
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Mark Simmonds
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Irene Juurlink
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Steve Briggs
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | | | | | - Dominick Shaw
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Tim Card
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Andrew W Fogarty
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
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Crooks CJ, West J, Morling JR, Simmonds M, Juurlink I, Briggs S, Cruickshank S, Hammond-Pears S, Shaw D, Card TR, Fogarty AW. Differential pulse oximetry readings between ethnic groups and delayed transfer to intensive care units. QJM 2023; 116:63-67. [PMID: 36066450 PMCID: PMC9928225 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcac218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulse oximeters are widely used to monitor blood oxygen saturations, although concerns exist that they are less accurate in individuals with pigmented skin. AIMS This study aimed to determine if patients with pigmented skin were more severely unwell at the period of transfer to intensive care units (ICUs) than individuals with White skin. METHODS Using data from a large teaching hospital, measures of clinical severity at the time of transfer of patients with COVID-19 infection to ICUs were assessed, and how this varied by ethnic group. RESULTS Data were available on 748 adults. Median pulse oximetry demonstrated similar oxygen saturations at the time of transfer to ICUs (Kruskal-Wallis test, P = 0.51), although median oxygen saturation measurements from arterial blood gases at this time demonstrated lower oxygen saturations in patients classified as Indian/Pakistani ethnicity (91.6%) and Black/Mixed ethnicity (93.0%), compared to those classified as a White ethnicity (94.4%, Kruskal-Wallis test, P = 0.005). There were significant differences in mean respiratory rates in these patients (P < 0.0001), ranging from 26 breaths/min in individuals with White ethnicity to 30 breaths/min for those classified as Indian/Pakistani ethnicity and 31 for those who were classified as Black/Mixed ethnicity. CONCLUSIONS These data are consistent with the hypothesis that differential measurement error for pulse oximeter readings negatively impact on the escalation of clinical care in individuals from other than White ethnic groups. This has implications for healthcare in Africa and South-East Asia and may contribute to differences in health outcomes across ethnic groups globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Crooks
- Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and the University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
| | - J West
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and the University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
- Lifespan and Population Health, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG5 1PB, UK
- East Midlands Academic Health Science Network, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2TU, UK
| | - J R Morling
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and the University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
- Lifespan and Population Health, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG5 1PB, UK
| | - M Simmonds
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
| | - I Juurlink
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
| | - S Briggs
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
| | - S Cruickshank
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
| | - S Hammond-Pears
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
- East Midlands Academic Health Science Network, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2TU, UK
| | - D Shaw
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG5 1PB, UK
| | - T R Card
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and the University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
- Lifespan and Population Health, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG5 1PB, UK
| | - A W Fogarty
- Address correspondence to Dr A.W. Fogarty, NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Nottingham City Hospital, Nottingham NG5 1PB, UK.
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Crooks CJ, West J, Morling JR, Simmonds M, Juurlink I, Briggs S, Cruickshank S, Hammond-Pears S, Shaw D, Card TR, Fogarty AW. Pulse oximeter measurement error of oxygen saturation in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection stratified by smoking status. Eur Respir J 2022; 60:13993003.01190-2022. [PMID: 36229052 PMCID: PMC9558426 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.01190-2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
As pulse oximeters are now so widely used, it is important to identify any patient groups in whom they may also have a systematic bias that may impair the delivery of medical care to these individuals. One group would be tobacco smokers [1–3], as the inhaled carbon monoxide modifies the haemoglobin molecule within 1–2 min of inhaling tobacco smoke [4], and the subsequent increase in blood carboxyhaemoglobin levels modifies the pulse oximetry signal [5]. This was reported in a series of 16 patients with carbon monoxide poisoning from 1994 which resulted in higher pulse oximetry measurements than the true values, with the comment that this phenomenon may also extend to oxygen saturation measured in smokers as well [6]. To date, no robust real-world clinical data on acutely unwell patients exist to clarify the impact of smoking status and blood carboxyhaemoglobin levels on the measurement error of oxygen saturation by pulse oximeters. There is substantial measurement error in pulse oximetry readings of oxygen saturation below 90% which is not due to smoking status https://bit.ly/3RunKtL
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin J. Crooks
- Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK,NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and the University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK,Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Joe West
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and the University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK,Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK,Lifespan and Population Health, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK,East Midlands Academic Health Science Network, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Joanne R. Morling
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and the University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK,Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK,Lifespan and Population Health, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Mark Simmonds
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Irene Juurlink
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Steve Briggs
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | | | - Susan Hammond-Pears
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK,East Midlands Academic Health Science Network, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Dominick Shaw
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK,NIHR Biomedical Respiratory Research Centre University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Timothy R. Card
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and the University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK,Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK,Lifespan and Population Health, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Andrew W. Fogarty
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and the University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK,Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK,Lifespan and Population Health, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK,Andrew W. Fogarty ()
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Crooks CJ, West J, Fogarty A, Morling JR, Grainge MJ, Gonem S, Simmonds M, Race A, Juurlink I, Briggs S, Cruickshank S, Hammond-Pears S, Card TR. Predicting Need for Escalation of Care or Death From Repeated Daily Clinical Observations and Laboratory Results in Patients With Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2. Am J Epidemiol 2022; 191:1944-1953. [PMID: 35872596 PMCID: PMC9384527 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwac126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We compared the performance of prognostic tools for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) using parameters fitted either at the time of hospital admission or across all time points of an admission. This cohort study used clinical data to model the dynamic change in prognosis of SARS-CoV-2 at a single hospital center in the United Kingdom, including all patients admitted from February 1, 2020, to December 31, 2020, and then followed up for 60 days for intensive care unit (ICU) admission, death, or discharge from the hospital. We incorporated clinical observations and blood tests into 2 time-varying Cox proportional hazards models predicting daily 24- to 48-hour risk of admission to the ICU for those eligible for escalation of care or death for those ineligible for escalation. In developing the model, 491 patients were eligible for ICU escalation and 769 were ineligible for escalation. Our model had good discrimination of daily risk of ICU admission in the validation cohort (n = 1,141; C statistic: C = 0.91, 95% confidence interval: 0.89, 0.94) and our score performed better than other scores (National Early Warning Score 2, International Severe Acute Respiratory and Emerging Infection Comprehensive Clinical Characterisation Collaboration score) calculated using only parameters measured on admission, but it overestimated the risk of escalation (calibration slope = 0.7). A bespoke daily SARS-CoV-2 escalation risk prediction score can predict the need for clinical escalation better than a generic early warning score or a single estimation of risk calculated at admission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin J Crooks
- Correspondence to Dr. Colin Crooks, Translational Medical Sciences Unit, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom (e-mail: )
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Crooks CJ, West J, Morling JR, Simmonds M, Juurlink I, Briggs S, Cruickshank S, Hammond-Pears S, Shaw D, Card TR, Fogarty A. Age modifies both the maximal temperature and inflammatory response in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Clin Med (Lond) 2022; 22:192-196. [PMID: 38589079 PMCID: PMC9135072 DOI: 10.7861/clinmed.2021-0603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the maximal response of the temperature and inflammatory response to SARS-CoV-2 infection and how these are modified by age. METHODS Participants were patients admitted to hospital with SARS-CoV-2 infection. For each participant, the maximal temperature and serum C-reactive protein (CRP) were identified and stratified by age. In a secondary analysis, these were compared in patients treated before and after dexamethasone. RESULTS Mean maximal temperature varied by age (p<0.001; ANOVA) with the highest mean maximal temperature of 37.3°C observed in patients aged 30-49 years and decreasing maximal mean temperatures in the older age groups, with the lowest measure of 36.8°C observed in individuals aged 90-99 years. The mean maximal serum CRP also varied across age groups (p<0.001; ANOVA) and increased with age across all age categories from 34.5 mg/dL (95% confidence interval (CI) 22.0-47.0) for individuals aged 20-29 years to 77.6 mg/dL (95% CI 72.0-83.2) in those aged 80-89 years. After dexamethasone became standard treatment for COVID-19 pneumonia, mean maximal CRP decreased by 17 mg/dL (95% CI -22 to -11). CONCLUSION Age modifies both maximal temperature and systemic inflammatory response in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin J Crooks
- Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre, Nottingham, UK, NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham, UK and Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Joe West
- University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK, NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham, UK, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK and East Midlands Academic Health Science Network, Nottingham, UK
| | - Joanne R Morling
- University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK, NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham, UK and Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Mark Simmonds
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Irene Juurlink
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Steve Briggs
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | | | - Susan Hammond-Pears
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK and East Midlands Academic Health Science Network, Nottingham, UK
| | - Dominick Shaw
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham, UK and Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Timothy R Card
- University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK, NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham, UK and Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Andrew Fogarty
- University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK, NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham, UK and Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK.
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Crooks CJ, West J, Morling JR, Simmonds M, Juurlink I, Briggs S, Cruickshank S, Hammond-Pears S, Shaw D, Card TR, Fogarty AW. Pulse oximeter measurements vary across ethnic groups: an observational study in patients with COVID-19. Eur Respir J 2022; 59:13993003.03246-2021. [PMID: 35086839 PMCID: PMC8796692 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.03246-2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The pulse oximeter provides regular non-invasive measurements of blood oxygenation and is used in a wide range of clinical settings [1]. The light wave transmission that this technology uses is modified by skin pigmentation and thus may vary by skin colour. A recent study of paired measures of oxygen saturation from pulse oximetry and arterial blood gas reported differing outputs in patients with black skin compared to patients with white skin that has the potential to adversely impact on patient care [2]. Be aware that pulse oximeters overestimate oxygen saturation measurements in patients with hypoxaemia, and that this error is larger in individuals from black and Asian ethnic groupshttps://bit.ly/3fCeJP7
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin J. Crooks
- Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK,NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and the University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK,Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Joe West
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and the University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK,Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK,Population and Lifespan Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK,East Midlands Academic Health Science Network, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Joanne R. Morling
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and the University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK,Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK,Population and Lifespan Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Mark Simmonds
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Irene Juurlink
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Steve Briggs
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | | | - Susan Hammond-Pears
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK,East Midlands Academic Health Science Network, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Dominick Shaw
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK,Division of Respiratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Timothy R. Card
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and the University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK,Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK,Population and Lifespan Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Andrew W. Fogarty
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and the University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK,Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK,Population and Lifespan Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK,Andrew W. Fogarty ()
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12
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Au-Yong I, Higashi Y, Giannotti E, Fogarty A, Morling JR, Grainge M, Race A, Juurlink I, Simmonds M, Briggs S, Cruickshank S, Hammond-Pears S, West J, Crooks CJ, Card T. Chest Radiograph Scoring Alone or Combined with Other Risk Scores for Predicting Outcomes in COVID-19. Radiology 2022; 302:E11. [PMID: 35073202 PMCID: PMC8989064 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.219029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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13
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Au-Yong I, Higashi Y, Giannotti E, Fogarty A, Morling JR, Grainge M, Race A, Juurlink I, Simmonds M, Briggs S, Cruickshank S, Hammond-Pears S, West J, Crooks CJ, Card T. Chest Radiograph Scoring Alone or Combined with Other Risk Scores for Predicting Outcomes in COVID-19: A UK Study. Radiology 2021; 301:E444. [PMID: 34807774 PMCID: PMC8906345 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2021219021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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14
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Voona S, Abdic H, Montgomery R, Clarkson A, Twitchell H, Hills T, Briggs S, Crooks C, Monaghan TM. Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on prevalence of Clostridioides difficile infection in a UK tertiary centre. Anaerobe 2021; 73:102479. [PMID: 34801705 PMCID: PMC8607812 DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2021.102479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Serious concerns have been raised about a possible increase in cases of Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) during the COVID-19 pandemic. We conducted a retrospective observational single centre study which revealed that total combined community and hospital-based quarterly rates of CDI decreased during the pandemic compared to the pre-pandemic period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjana Voona
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, England, UK
| | - Heather Abdic
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, England, UK
| | - Ros Montgomery
- Infection Prevention & Control, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, England, UK
| | - Annette Clarkson
- Pharmacy Department, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, UK
| | - Hannah Twitchell
- Pharmacy Department, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, UK
| | - Tim Hills
- Pharmacy Department, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, UK
| | - Steve Briggs
- Quality and Nursing, Information & Insight Services, Finance & Procurement, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, UK
| | - Colin Crooks
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Nottingham, England, UK; Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, England, UK
| | - Tanya M Monaghan
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Nottingham, England, UK; Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, England, UK.
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15
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Au-Yong I, Higashi Y, Giannotti E, Fogarty A, Morling JR, Grainge M, Race A, Juurlink I, Simmonds M, Briggs S, Cruikshank S, Hammond-Pears S, West J, Crooks CJ, Card T. Chest Radiograph Scoring Alone or Combined with Other Risk Scores for Predicting Outcomes in COVID-19. Radiology 2021; 302:460-469. [PMID: 34519573 PMCID: PMC8475750 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2021210986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background Radiographic severity may help predict patient deterioration and
outcomes from COVID-19 pneumonia. Purpose To assess the reliability and reproducibility of three chest radiograph
reporting systems (radiographic assessment of lung edema [RALE], Brixia,
and percentage opacification) in patients with proven SARS-CoV-2
infection and examine the ability of these scores to predict adverse
outcomes both alone and in conjunction with two clinical scoring
systems, National Early Warning Score 2 (NEWS2) and International Severe
Acute Respiratory and Emerging Infection Consortium: Coronavirus
Clinical Characterization Consortium (ISARIC-4C) mortality. Materials and Methods This retrospective cohort study used routinely collected clinical data
of patients with polymerase chain reaction–positive SARS-CoV-2
infection admitted to a single center from February 2020 through July
2020. Initial chest radiographs were scored for RALE, Brixia, and
percentage opacification by one of three radiologists. Intra- and
interreader agreement were assessed with intraclass correlation
coefficients. The rate of admission to the intensive care unit (ICU) or
death up to 60 days after scored chest radiograph was estimated. NEWS2
and ISARIC-4C mortality at hospital admission were calculated. Daily
risk for admission to ICU or death was modeled with Cox proportional
hazards models that incorporated the chest radiograph scores adjusted
for NEWS2 or ISARIC-4C mortality. Results Admission chest radiographs of 50 patients (mean age, 74 years ±
16 [standard deviation]; 28 men) were scored by all three radiologists,
with good interreader reliability for all scores, as follows: intraclass
correlation coefficients were 0.87 for RALE (95% CI: 0.80, 0.92), 0.86
for Brixia (95% CI: 0.76, 0.92), and 0.72 for percentage opacification
(95% CI: 0.48, 0.85). Of 751 patients with a chest radiograph, those
with greater than 75% opacification had a median time to ICU admission
or death of just 1–2 days. Among 628 patients for whom data were
available (median age, 76 years [interquartile range, 61–84
years]; 344 men), opacification of 51%–75% increased risk for ICU
admission or death by twofold (hazard ratio, 2.2; 95% CI: 1.6, 2.8), and
opacification greater than 75% increased ICU risk by fourfold (hazard
ratio, 4.0; 95% CI: 3.4, 4.7) compared with opacification of
0%–25%, when adjusted for NEWS2 score. Conclusion Brixia, radiographic assessment of lung edema, and percentage
opacification scores all reliably helped predict adverse outcomes in
SARS-CoV-2 infection. © RSNA, 2021 Online supplemental material is available for this
article. See also the editorial by Little in this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iain Au-Yong
- Department of Radiology, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, NG7 2UH
| | - Yutaro Higashi
- Department of Radiology, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, NG7 2UH
| | | | - Andrew Fogarty
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust.,Population and Lifespan Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, NG5 1PB.,NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and the University of Nottingham, NG7 2UH
| | - Joanne R Morling
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust.,Population and Lifespan Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, NG5 1PB.,NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and the University of Nottingham, NG7 2UH
| | - Matthew Grainge
- Population and Lifespan Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, NG5 1PB
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Joe West
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust.,Population and Lifespan Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, NG5 1PB.,NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and the University of Nottingham, NG7 2UH.,East Midlands Academic Health Science Network, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2TU
| | - Colin J Crooks
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust.,Translational Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, NG7 2UH.,NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and the University of Nottingham, NG7 2UH
| | - Timothy Card
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust.,Population and Lifespan Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, NG5 1PB.,NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and the University of Nottingham, NG7 2UH
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Murphy A, Briggs S. 46 The Accuracy of Frailty Scoring and Uptake of Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA) In Patients Living with Frailty Admitted Through the Emergency Department (ED) In Wythenshawe Hospital. Age Ageing 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afz185.09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Frailty can be defined as a state of physiological decline related to ageing and its identification is crucial for subsequent management. A Cochrane review found that CGA significantly reduces mortality and institutionalisation at 6 months.1 Published standards for the hospital state that patients with a clinical frailty score (CFS) of ≥7 should be seen by a geriatrician within one hour of presentation to hospital. We investigated if this was met.
Methods
Assigning a CFS to all patients ≥65 was introduced to ED triage in November 2018. Patients scored as ≥4 were identified over a 10-day period. We assessed the accuracy of ED based frailty scoring, subsequent hospital wide CGA uptake and investigated if patient’s frailty scores influenced this. We also compared CGA uptake across specialities.
Results
Over 10 days, 230 patients entering ED were identified as frail. 33% of patients received CGA. On average, it took 18 hours for a patient to get CGA, and 23 hours for a patient with a CFS ≥7 to receive CGA from a geriatrician. The CFS had no influence on them receiving CGA. Surgical specialities were better than some medical specialities in assessing frailty. 38% of the patient’s CFS were correct.
Conclusions
The hospital is falling short of the standards set out by the department; suggesting that changes need to be made to the process of CGA. There is currently no hospital-wide proforma for CGA; collecting data on the process is laborious and the triggers for CGA are not working as they should. Adding CGA to the hospital EPR would improve this. Highlighting the patients CFS will encourage referral for CGA. Specialities such as cardiology and respiratory can learn from the systems for the recognition and assessment of frailty in place on surgical wards.
Reference
1. Ellis, et al. Cochrane Review 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - S Briggs
- Department of Elderly Medicine, Wythenshawe Hospital
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17
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Anderson A, St Aubin B, Abraham-Juárez MJ, Leiboff S, Shen Z, Briggs S, Brunkard JO, Hake S. The Second Site Modifier, Sympathy for the ligule, Encodes a Homolog of Arabidopsis ENHANCED DISEASE RESISTANCE4 and Rescues the Liguleless narrow Maize Mutant. Plant Cell 2019; 31:1829-1844. [PMID: 31217219 PMCID: PMC6713312 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.18.00840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Liguleless narrow1 encodes a plasma membrane-localized receptor-like kinase required for normal development of maize (Zea mays) leaves, internodes, and inflorescences. The semidominant Lgn-R mutation lacks kinase activity, and phenotypic severity is dependent on inbred background. We created near isogenic lines and assayed the phenotype in multiple environments. Lgn-R plants that carry the B73 version of Sympathy for the ligule (Sol-B) fail to grow under hot conditions, but those that carry the Mo17 version (Sol-M) survive at hot temperatures and are significantly taller at cool temperatures. To identify Sol, we used recombinant mapping and analyzed the Lgn-R phenotype in additional inbred backgrounds. We identified amino acid sequence variations in GRMZM2G075262 that segregate with severity of the Lgn-R phenotypes. This gene is expressed at high levels in Lgn-R B73, but expression drops to nonmutant levels with one copy of Sol-M An EMS mutation solidified the identity of SOL as a maize homolog of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) ENHANCED DISEASE RESISTANCE4 (EDR4). SOL, like EDR4, is induced in response to pathogen-associated molecular patterns such as flg22. Integrated transcriptomic and phosphoproteomic analyses suggest that Lgn-R plants constitutively activate an immune signaling cascade that induces temperature-sensitive responses in addition to defects in leaf development. We propose that aspects of the severe Lgn-R developmental phenotype result from constitutive defense induction and that SOL potentially functions in repressing this response in Mo17 but not B73. Identification of LGN and its interaction with SOL provides insight into the integration of developmental control and immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa Anderson
- Plant Gene Expression Center, U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service and University of California Berkeley, Albany, California 94710
| | - Brian St Aubin
- Plant Gene Expression Center, U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service and University of California Berkeley, Albany, California 94710
| | - María Jazmín Abraham-Juárez
- Plant Gene Expression Center, U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service and University of California Berkeley, Albany, California 94710
| | - Samuel Leiboff
- Plant Gene Expression Center, U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service and University of California Berkeley, Albany, California 94710
| | - Zhouxin Shen
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - Steve Briggs
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - Jacob O Brunkard
- Plant Gene Expression Center, U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service and University of California Berkeley, Albany, California 94710
| | - Sarah Hake
- Plant Gene Expression Center, U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service and University of California Berkeley, Albany, California 94710
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18
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Ryan SF, Adamson NL, Aktipis A, Andersen LK, Austin R, Barnes L, Beasley MR, Bedell KD, Briggs S, Chapman B, Cooper CB, Corn JO, Creamer NG, Delborne JA, Domenico P, Driscoll E, Goodwin J, Hjarding A, Hulbert JM, Isard S, Just MG, Kar Gupta K, López-Uribe MM, O'Sullivan J, Landis EA, Madden AA, McKenney EA, Nichols LM, Reading BJ, Russell S, Sengupta N, Shapiro LR, Shell LK, Sheard JK, Shoemaker DD, Sorger DM, Starling C, Thakur S, Vatsavai RR, Weinstein M, Winfrey P, Dunn RR. The role of citizen science in addressing grand challenges in food and agriculture research. Proc Biol Sci 2018; 285:20181977. [PMID: 30464064 PMCID: PMC6253361 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2018.1977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The power of citizen science to contribute to both science and society is gaining increased recognition, particularly in physics and biology. Although there is a long history of public engagement in agriculture and food science, the term 'citizen science' has rarely been applied to these efforts. Similarly, in the emerging field of citizen science, most new citizen science projects do not focus on food or agriculture. Here, we convened thought leaders from a broad range of fields related to citizen science, agriculture, and food science to highlight key opportunities for bridging these overlapping yet disconnected communities/fields and identify ways to leverage their respective strengths. Specifically, we show that (i) citizen science projects are addressing many grand challenges facing our food systems, as outlined by the United States National Institute of Food and Agriculture, as well as broader Sustainable Development Goals set by the United Nations Development Programme, (ii) there exist emerging opportunities and unique challenges for citizen science in agriculture/food research, and (iii) the greatest opportunities for the development of citizen science projects in agriculture and food science will be gained by using the existing infrastructure and tools of Extension programmes and through the engagement of urban communities. Further, we argue there is no better time to foster greater collaboration between these fields given the trend of shrinking Extension programmes, the increasing need to apply innovative solutions to address rising demands on agricultural systems, and the exponential growth of the field of citizen science.
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Affiliation(s)
- S F Ryan
- Department of Applied Ecology, NC State Extension, Raleigh, NC, USA
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - N L Adamson
- Xerces Society for Invertebrate Conservation/USDA NRCS ENTSC, Greensboro, NC, USA
| | - A Aktipis
- Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - L K Andersen
- Department of Applied Ecology, NC State Extension, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - R Austin
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, NC State Extension, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - L Barnes
- Lincoln Heights Environmental Connections Magnet Elementary School, Fuquay-Varina, NC, USA
| | - M R Beasley
- Knightdale High School of Collaborative Design, Knightdale, NC, USA
| | - K D Bedell
- School of Education, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - S Briggs
- NC Plant Sciences Initiative, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, NC State Extension, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - B Chapman
- Department of Agricultural and Human Sciences, NC State Extension, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - C B Cooper
- Department of Forestry and Environmental Resources, NC State Extension, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - J O Corn
- William and Ida Friday Institute for Educational Innovation, NC State Extension, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - N G Creamer
- Department of Horticultural Science, NC State Extension, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - J A Delborne
- Department of Forestry and Environmental Resources, NC State Extension, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - P Domenico
- Curriculum Enhancement Programs at Wake County Public School System, Cary, NC, USA
| | - E Driscoll
- Department of Horticultural Science, NC State Extension, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - J Goodwin
- Department of Communication, NC State Extension, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - A Hjarding
- North Carolina Wildlife Federation, Charlotte, NC, USA
- The University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - J M Hulbert
- Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - S Isard
- Department of Plant Pathology and Environmental Microbiology, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, USA
- Department of Meteorology and Atmospheric Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, USA
| | - M G Just
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, NC State Extension, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - K Kar Gupta
- Biodiversity Lab, North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - M M López-Uribe
- Department of Entomology, Center for Pollinator Research, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, USA
| | - J O'Sullivan
- Center for Environmental Farming Systems, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC, USA
| | - E A Landis
- Department of Biology, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA
| | - A A Madden
- Department of Applied Ecology, NC State Extension, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - E A McKenney
- Department of Applied Ecology, NC State Extension, Raleigh, NC, USA
- Research and Collections, North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - L M Nichols
- Department of Applied Ecology, NC State Extension, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - B J Reading
- Department of Applied Ecology, NC State Extension, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - S Russell
- Millbrook Environmental Connections Magnet Elementary School, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - N Sengupta
- Consultant - Biodiversity Conservation & Sustainable Development, Auroville, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - L R Shapiro
- Department of Applied Ecology, NC State Extension, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - L K Shell
- Research and Collections, North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - J K Sheard
- Center for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate, Natural History Museum of Denmark, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - D D Shoemaker
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - D M Sorger
- Department of Applied Ecology, NC State Extension, Raleigh, NC, USA
- Research and Collections, North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - C Starling
- Heritage High School, Wake Forest, NC, USA
| | - S Thakur
- College of Veterinary Medicine, NC State Extension, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - R R Vatsavai
- Department of Computer Science, NC State Extension, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - M Weinstein
- Evaluation and Accountability Coordinator Extension Administration, NC State Extension, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - P Winfrey
- Arizona State University Biodesign Institute, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - R R Dunn
- Department of Applied Ecology, NC State Extension, Raleigh, NC, USA
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Gow N, Briggs S, Nisbet M. Screening for latent tuberculous infection in people living with HIV infection in Auckland, New Zealand. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2018; 21:1008-1012. [PMID: 28826450 DOI: 10.5588/jtld.17.0103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
SETTING New Zealand, which has a low incidence of tuberculosis (TB), has historically taken a risk-based approach to screening for latent tuberculous infection (LTBI) in adult people living with the human immunodeficiency virus infection (PLHIV). OBJECTIVE To evaluate LTBI screening, treatment and outcomes in an adult PLHIV population. DESIGN This was a retrospective clinical record review of an initial cohort of adult PLHIV attending the Auckland City Hospital HIV clinic in 2011, and a second cohort of adult PLHIV newly attending the clinic in 2014. We analysed high-risk (born in or acquiring HIV in a high TB incidence country) and low-risk patients using descriptive statistical methods. RESULTS Of the 752 patients from the initial cohort, 416 (55%) had documentation of LTBI screening, which was positive in 74 (10%): 19/461 (4%) low-risk and 55/291 (19%) high-risk patients. LTBI treatment was received in 13 low-risk and 44 high-risk patients. Of 73 patients in the second cohort, 68 (93%) were screened. CONCLUSION LTBI screening was incomplete in our clinic, but improved between 2011 and 2014. A significant number of patients with LTBI did not originate from a high TB incidence country.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Gow
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - S Briggs
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - M Nisbet
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
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20
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Brock P, Fisher J, Garside M, Gibson V, Hunt K, Briggs S, Gordon AL. 33HOW CAN WE ATTRACT MORE PEOPLE TO GERIATRIC MEDICINE? A SURVEY OF UK SPECIALIST REGISTRARS IN GERIATRIC MEDICINE. Age Ageing 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afx119.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Abstract
UNLABELLED WHAT IS KNOWN ON THE SUBJECT?: Group suicidal behaviour can be devastating for all concerned. There is an absence of research on adolescent suicidal group behaviour. The perspectives of practitioners' experiences of these groups are largely lacking from research literature. WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS TO EXISTING KNOWLEDGE?: Practitioners work regularly with suicidal behaviour in adolescent peer groups. Practitioners identify peer relationships in groups as complex, including elements that are both suicide encouraging and preventing. Practitioners identify a range of ways in which young people become involved in suicidal behaviour in groups, including indirectly through risk taking and care-seeking as well as directly suicidal or self-harming. WHAT ARE THE IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE?: Assessments of young people should routinely include a focus on the qualities of peer relations, including those in the online/digital realm. Assessments and interventions need to consider the complexity of group relationships and roles, and the multiplicity of factors that can contribute to suicidal behaviour in groups. Interventions that sustain therapeutic connectedness are helpful for taking dynamic/fluctuating risks into account. ABSTRACT Introduction Group suicidal behaviour by young people can have harmful effects; it may be increasing, influenced by online media and reported increasing self-harm rates; new knowledge and understanding to inform interventions is required. Aim To explore how practitioners experience group suicidal behaviour amongst adolescents, how they assess risks/needs, and how these insights inform understanding about these groups. Method Ten practitioners, including Mental Health Nurses, were interviewed in one multidisciplinary CAMHS, in England. Data analysis was by Thematic Analysis (Braun & Clarke 2006). Results Participants described frequently working with suicidal groups. Roles in groups include suicide encouraging and preventing. Practitioners identify risky and protective connections between young people, online and offline. Clinical tensions include living with suicidal risks, emotional and positional challenges, and getting to grips with digital media. Discussion Peer groups appear to have a larger role in adolescent suicide than recognized to date. Practitioners need to assess young people's roles in groups, their diverse motivations and to understand constantly changing digital media. Implications for practice Assessments of suicide risk for young people should routinely include focus on peer relations including the online/digital realm. Maintaining relationships with vulnerable young people facilitates managing fluctuating risks and understanding different group dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Briggs
- Department of Social Work, University of East London, London, UK
| | - T Slater
- Department of Social Work, University of Cardiff, Cardiff, UK
| | - J Bowley
- Barnet Enfield and Haringey Mental Health NHS Trust, London, UK
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Pineda G, Shen Z, de Albuquerque CP, Reynoso E, Chen J, Tu CC, Tang W, Briggs S, Zhou H, Wang JYJ. Proteomics studies of the interactome of RNA polymerase II C-terminal repeated domain. BMC Res Notes 2015; 8:616. [PMID: 26515650 PMCID: PMC4627417 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-015-1569-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eukaryotic RNA polymerase II contains a C-terminal repeated domain (CTD) consisting of 52 consensus heptad repeats of Y1S2P3T4S5P6S7 that mediate interactions with many cellular proteins to regulate transcription elongation, RNA processing and chromatin structure. A number of CTD-binding proteins have been identified and the crystal structures of several protein-CTD complexes have demonstrated considerable conformational flexibility of the heptad repeats in those interactions. Furthermore, phosphorylation of the CTD at tyrosine, serine and threonine residues can regulate the CTD-protein interactions. Although the interactions of CTD with specific proteins have been elucidated at the atomic level, the capacity and specificity of the CTD-interactome in mammalian cells is not yet determined. RESULTS A proteomic study was conducted to examine the mammalian CTD-interactome. We utilized six synthetic peptides each consisting of four consensus CTD-repeats with different combinations of serine and tyrosine phosphorylation as affinity-probes to pull-down nuclear proteins from HeLa cells. The pull-down fractions were then analyzed by MUDPIT mass spectrometry, which identified 100 proteins with the majority from the phospho-CTD pull-downs. Proteins pulled-down by serine-phosphorylated CTD-peptides included those containing the previously defined CTD-interacting domain (CID). Using SILAC mass spectrometry, we showed that the in vivo interaction of RNA polymerase II with the mammalian CID-containing RPRD1B is disrupted by CID mutation. We also showed that the CID from four mammalian proteins interacted with pS2-phosphorylated but not pY1pS2-doubly phosphorylated CTD-peptides. However, we also found proteins that were preferentially pulled-down by pY1pS2- or pY1pS5-doubly phosphorylated CTD-peptides. We prepared an antibody against tyrosine phosphorylated CTD and showed that ionizing radiation (IR) induced a transient increase in CTD tyrosine phosphorylation by immunoblotting. Combining SILAC and IMAC purification of phospho-peptides, we found that IR regulated the phosphorylation at four CTD tyrosine sites in different ways. CONCLUSION Upon phosphorylation, the 52 repeats of the CTD have the capacity to generate a large number of binding sites for cellular proteins. This study confirms previous findings that serine phosphorylation stimulates whereas tyrosine phosphorylation inhibits the protein-binding activity of the CTD. However, tyrosine phosphorylation of the CTD can also stimulate other CTD-protein interactions. The CTD-peptide affinity pull-down method described here can be adopted to survey the mammalian CTD-interactome in various cell types and under different biological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Pineda
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA. .,Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of California, San Diego, George Palade Laboratories Room 256, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
| | - Zhouxin Shen
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
| | - Claudio Ponte de Albuquerque
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA. .,Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
| | - Eduardo Reynoso
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA. .,Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
| | - Jeffrey Chen
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA. .,Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
| | - Chi-Chiang Tu
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
| | - Wingchung Tang
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA. .,Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
| | - Steve Briggs
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
| | - Huilin Zhou
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA. .,Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
| | - Jean Y J Wang
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA. .,Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of California, San Diego, George Palade Laboratories Room 256, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA. .,Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
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Wentworth L, Briggs S, Keelan R, Ashraf S, Wileman L, Williams J. O-061: A comprehensive geriatric assessment in the emergency department reduces admissions and length of stay. Eur Geriatr Med 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s1878-7649(15)30074-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Xiong J, Todorova D, Su N, Kim J, Lee P, Shen Z, Briggs S, Xu Y. Stemness factor Sall4 is required for DNA damage response in embryonic stem cells. J Exp Med 2015. [DOI: 10.1084/jem.2123oia6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Briggs S, Stevenson K, Verbov ek U, Yin LH, Pilkington G, Lah T, Fillmore HL. P61 * CATHEPSIN K IN AN IN VITRO MODEL OF GLIOMA ANGIOGENESIS. Neuro Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nou249.48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Briggs S, Stephenson K, Holliday J, Peckham R, Arthur D, Papanikolaou M, Butt A, Pickford A, Pilkington G, Fillmore HL. O4.03 * GLIOBLASTOMA STIMULATED ANGIOGENESIS IS MEDIATED BY MMP-3 ACTIVATED MMP-1 VIA BRAIN ENDOTHELIAL CELL ASSOCIATED PROTEASE ACTIVATED RECEPTOR 1 (PAR1) AND IS ENHANCED UNDER HYPOXIC CONDITIONS. Neuro Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nou174.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Arakawa Y, Fujimoto KI, Murata D, Nakamoto Y, Okada T, Miyamoto S, Bahr O, Harter PN, Weise L, You SJ, Ronellenfitsch MW, Rieger J, Steinbach JP, Hattingen E, Bahr O, Jurcoane A, Daneshvar K, Pilatus U, Mittelbronn M, Steinbach JP, Hattingen E, Carrillo J, Bota D, Handwerker J, Su LMY, Chen T, Stathopoulos A, Yu H, Chang JH, Kim EH, Kim SH, Mi, Yun J, Pytel P, Collins J, Choi Y, Lukas R, Nicholas M, Colen R, Jafrani R, Zinn P, Colen R, Ashour O, Zinn P, Colen R, Vangel M, Gutman D, Hwang S, Wintermark M, Jain R, Jilwan-Nicolas M, Chen J, Raghavan P, Holder C, Rubin D, Huang E, Kirby J, Freymann J, Jaffe C, Flanders A, Zinn P, Colen R, Ashour O, Zinn P, Colen R, Zinn P, Dahiya S, Statsevych V, Elson P, Xie H, Chao S, Peereboom D, Stevens G, Barnett G, Ahluwalia M, Daras M, Karimi S, Abrey L, Sanchez J, Beal K, Gutin P, Kaley T, Grommes C, Correa D, Reiner A, Briggs S, Omuro A, Verburg N, Hoefnagels F, Pouwels P, Boellaard R, Barkhof F, Hoekstra O, Wesseling P, Reijneveld J, Heimans J, Vandertop P, Zwinderman K, Hamer HDW, Elinzano H, Kadivar F, Yadav PO, Breese VL, Jackson CL, Donahue JE, Boxerman JL, Ellingson B, Pope W, Lai A, Nghiemphu P, Cloughesy T, Ellingson B, Pope W, Chen W, Czernin J, Phelps M, Lai A, Nghiemphu P, Liau L, Cloughesy T, Ellingson B, Leu K, Tran A, Pope W, Lai A, Nghiemphu P, Harris R, Woodworth D, Cloughesy T, Ellingson B, Pope W, Leu K, Chen W, Czernin J, Phelps M, Lai A, Nghiemphu P, Liau L, Cloughesy T, Ellingson B, Enzmann D, Pope W, Lai A, Nghiemphu P, Liau L, Cloughesy T, Eoli M, Di Stefano AL, Aquino D, Scotti A, Anghileri E, Cuppini L, Prodi E, Finocchiaro G, Bruzzone MG, Fujimoto K, Arakawa Y, Murata D, Nakamoto Y, Okada T, Miyamoto S, Galldiks N, Stoffels G, Filss C, Dunkl V, Rapp M, Sabel M, Ruge MI, Goldbrunner R, Shah NJ, Fink GR, Coenen HH, Langen KJ, Guha-Thakurta N, Langford L, Collet S, Valable S, Constans JM, Lechapt-Zalcman E, Roussel S, Delcroix N, Bernaudin M, Abbas A, Ibazizene E, Barre L, Derlon JM, Guillamo JS, Harris R, Bookheimer S, Cloughesy T, Kim H, Pope W, Yang K, Lai A, Nghiemphu P, Ellingson B, Huang R, Rahman R, Hamdan A, Kane C, Chen C, Norden A, Reardon D, Mukundan S, Wen P, Jafrani R, Zinn P, Colen R, Jafrani R, Zinn P, Colen R, Jancalek R, Bulik M, Kazda T, Jensen R, Salzman K, Kamson D, Lee T, Varadarajan K, Robinette N, Muzik O, Chakraborty P, Barger G, Mittal S, Juhasz C, Kamson D, Barger G, Robinette N, Muzik O, Chakraborty P, Kupsky W, Mittal S, Juhasz C, Kinoshita M, Sasayama T, Narita Y, Kawaguchi A, Yamashita F, Chiba Y, Kagawa N, Tanaka K, Kohmura E, Arita H, Okita Y, Ohno M, Miyakita Y, Shibui S, Hashimoto N, Yoshimine T, Ronan LK, Eskey C, Hampton T, Fadul C, LaMontagne P, Milchenko M, Sylvester P, Benzinger T, Marcus D, Fouke SJ, Lupo J, Bian W, Anwar M, Banerjee S, Hess C, Chang S, Nelson S, Mabray M, Sanchez L, Valles F, Barajas R, Rubenstein J, Cha S, Miyake K, Ogawa D, Hatakeyama T, Kawai N, Tamiya T, Mori K, Ishikura R, Tomogane Y, Ando K, Izumoto S, Nelson S, Lieberman F, Lupo J, Viziri S, Nabors LB, Crane J, Wen P, Cote A, Peereboom D, Wen Q, Cloughesy T, Robins HI, Fisher J, Desideri S, Grossman S, Ye X, Blakeley J, Nonaka M, Nakajima S, Shofuda T, Kanemura Y, Nowosielski M, Wiestler B, Gobel G, Hutterer M, Schlemmer H, Stockhammer G, Wick W, Bendszus M, Radbruch A, Perreault S, Yeom K, Ramaswamy V, Shih D, Remke M, Luu B, Schubert S, Fisher P, Partap S, Vogel H, Poussaint TY, Taylor M, Cho YJ, Piludu F, Pace A, Fabi A, Anelli V, Villani V, Carapella C, Marzi S, Vidiri A, Pungavkar S, Tanawde P, Epari S, Patkar D, Lawande M, Moiyadi A, Gupta T, Jalali R, Rahman R, Akgoz A, You H, Hamdan A, Seethamraju R, Wen P, Young G, Rao A, Rao G, Flanders A, Ghosh P, Rao G, Martinez J, Rao A, Roh TH, Kim EH, Chang JH, Kushnirsky M, Katz J, Knisely J, Schulder M, Steinklein J, Rosen L, Warshall C, Nguyen V, Tiwari P, Rogers L, Wolansky L, Sloan A, Barnholtz-Sloan J, Tatsauka C, Cohen M, Madabhushi A, Rachinger W, Thon N, Haug A, Schuller U, Schichor C, Tonn JC, Tran A, Lai A, Li S, Pope W, Teixeira S, Harris R, Woodworth D, Nghiemphu P, Cloughesy T, Ellingson B, Villanueva-Meyer J, Barajas R, Mabray M, Barani I, Chen W, Shankaranarayanan A, Koon P, Cha S, Wen Q, Elkhaled A, Essock-Burns E, Molinaro A, Phillips J, Chang S, Cha S, Nelson S, Wolf D, Ye X, Lim M, Zhu H, Wang M, Quinones-Hinojosa A, Weingart J, Olivi A, van Zijl P, Laterra J, Zhou J, Blakeley J, Zakaria R, Das K, Sluming V, Bhojak M, Walker C, Jenkinson MD, (Tiger) Yuan S, Tao R, Yang G, Chen Z, Mu D, Zhao S, Fu Z, Li W, Yu J. RADIOLOGY. Neuro Oncol 2013; 15:iii191-iii205. [PMCID: PMC3823904 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/not189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/14/2023] Open
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Mitra R, Crawford S, Barton AF, Briggs S, Orbell JD. A benign approach to the preparation of freshwater bryozoan statoblasts for scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging. New Zealand Journal of Zoology 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/03014223.2012.672436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Mitra R, Barton AF, Briggs S, Orbell JD. Identification of five bryozoan species in the Northern Mallee Pipeline, Australia. New Zealand Journal of Zoology 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/03014223.2012.674538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Noonan L, Gunson T, Ellis-Pegler R, Thomas M, Briggs S. Short-course intravenous aciclovir treatment for cutaneous herpes zoster in patients with HIV infection. Int J STD AIDS 2012; 23:356-8. [PMID: 22648891 DOI: 10.1258/ijsa.2011.011302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
There are no comparative data on the treatment duration of cutaneous herpes zoster (HZ) in patients with HIV infection. We retrospectively reviewed all 51 adult patients with HIV infection presenting with cutaneous HZ in the 15-year period 1995-2009 treated with intravenous aciclovir alone. The median CD4 count was 297 (range 10-703) cells/mm(3). There were 44 episodes of localized and seven episodes of disseminated cutaneous HZ. Patients received a median of nine (range 3-17) doses of intravenous aciclovir given at a median dose of 6.5 (range 2.9-10.8) mg/kg eight hourly. One patient (2%) relapsed early and four patients (7.8%) relapsed late with further episodes of cutaneous HZ. Seven patients (13.7%) developed postherpetic neuralgia. Three days of intravenous aciclovir is effective treatment for cutaneous HZ in patients with HIV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Noonan
- Infectious Disease Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Private Bag 92024, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
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Jones AME, Aebersold R, Ahrens CH, Apweiler R, Baerenfaller K, Baker M, Bendixen E, Briggs S, Brownridge P, Brunner E, Daube M, Deutsch EW, Grossniklaus U, Heazlewood J, Hengartner MO, Hermjakob H, Jovanovic M, Lawless C, Lochnit G, Martens L, Ravnsborg C, Schrimpf SP, Shim YH, Subasic D, Tholey A, van Wijk K, von Mering C, Weiss M, Zheng X. The HUPO initiative on Model Organism Proteomes, iMOP. Proteomics 2012; 12:340-5. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201290014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Garmire LX, Shen Z, Briggs S, Yeo G, Subramaniam S, Glass C. Regulatory network of microRNAs in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2011; 2010:6198-201. [PMID: 21097158 DOI: 10.1109/iembs.2010.5627742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
microRNAs (miRNA) play important roles in regulating immunity. Here we utilize the systems biology approach to predict the regulatory network of miRNAs among the most down-regulated genes by the lipopolysaccharides (LPS) treatment in the macrophage RAW267.4 cell line. We combine the proteome and transcriptome data sets to define 200 target genes that are significantly down-regulated by the LPS treatment. We perform the profiling of over 300 miRNAs with the RNA-Seq method. Using the complementary binding rule between the seed sequences of profiled miRNAs and the 3'UTRs of target genes, we predict genes involved in mobility, metabolism, and oxidative phosphorylation as the top targets of miRNA negative regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lana X Garmire
- Bioengineering Department of UC-San Diego, La Jolla, USA.
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Seibert F, Chen E, Perry M, Briggs S, Montgomery R, Rochelle G. UT/SRP CO2 capture pilot plant — Operating experience and procedures. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.egypro.2011.02.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Abstract
We reviewed 171 case notes of patients investigated by HyCoSy for sub-fertility in South Manchester University Hospital to assess HyCoSy as a screening test for tubal occlusion, in low risk infertile women and to evaluate the performance of HyCoSy in our unit by confirming its results with the results of laparoscopy & dye test in those patients who had both procedures. We also assessed the prognostic significance of HyCoSy, for fertility outcome over a follow-up period ranging from 12 to 63 months. An audit proforma was designed to collect data on maternal age, type of infertility (primary or secondary), duration of infertility and parity. History suggestive of ovulatory factors (PCO), pelvic inflammatory disease and endometriosis was noted. Findings of standard trans-vaginal scan, hysterosalpingography and HyCoSy were recorded. In total 333 tubes were examined in 171 patients. There were 121/171 diagnoses of bilateral patent tubes, 24/171 bilateral blocked tubes and 26/171 findings of one patent tube. In 15 (8.8%) women, laparoscopy and dye test was performed after HyCoSy and 19 patients had laparoscopy and dye test before HyCoSy. The findings in both investigations were similar. 70 additional uterine and adnexal pathologies were detected. Out of 171 40.9% (n=70) women conceived, 62 of these women had both tubes patent and 8 had one patent tube. In conclusion we have found that HyCoSy is a valuable cost effective screening test for low risk couples. Its results in our hands are as good as demonstrated by other studies. HyCoSy can be offered as a screening test for low risk infertile women as it is an effective alternative for laparoscopy and dye test.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Shahid
- South Manchester Unversity Hospitals, UK.
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Papanicolaou I, Briggs S, Alpar HO. Increased Resistance of DNA Lipoplexes to Protein BindingIn Vitroby Surface-modification with a Multivalent Hydrophilic Polymer. J Drug Target 2008; 12:541-7. [PMID: 15621679 DOI: 10.1080/10611860400011950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The potential of cationic liposomes as DNA delivery vehicles for gene therapy is significantly limited by their instability upon systemic administration. Their strong positive charge induces non-specific binding of serum proteins and subsequent clearance from the circulation. This work investigates the ability of the multivalent reactive copolymer of poly[N-(2-hydroxypropopyl) methacrylamide], pHPMA (MA-GG-ONp) to shield lipoplexes from non-specific protein binding. The polymer was found to react with cationic liposome-DNA complexes (lipoplexes) in both an electrostatic and covalent manner to form an external polymer coat. Polymer coating resulted in an increase in lipoplex diameter (by up to 100 nm) that was proportional to the amount of polymer used, with a concomitant reduction in surface charge from strongly positive to neutral (from 30 to 0 mV). Polymer-coated lipoplexes exhibited increased stability to protein binding compared to untreated liposomes and reduced non-specific uptake into cells in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Papanicolaou
- Centre for Drug Delivery Research, The School of Pharmacy, University of London, London, UK
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Vind AB, Andersen HE, Schwarz P, Skalska A, Salakowski A, Dubiel M, Fedak D, Grodzicki T, Annweiler C, Schott AM, Fantino B, Berrut G, Herrmann F, Beauchet O, Engels S, Schroll M, Popescu C, Onose G, Bojan A, van Zutphen M, Bemelmans W, de Groot L, Rea IM, Henry M, Young IS, Evans AE, Kee F, Ambien CF, Whitehead AS, Ryzhak G, Khavinson V, Kozlov L, Povoroznyuk V, Kivela SL, Nielsen DS, Nielsen W, Knold B, Ryg J, Nissen N, Brixen K, Bjorkman M, Sorva A, Tilvis R, Kannegaard PN, Jung A, Simonsen F, Sanders S, Puustinen J, Nurminen J, Lopponen M, Vahlberg T, Isoaho R, Kivela SL, Hayashi T, Ina K, Nomura H, Iguchi A, Rea IM, Henry M, Evans AE, Tiret L, Poire O, Cambien F, Pautex S, Notaridis G, Derame L, Zulian G, Ungar A, Fedeli A, Zanieri S, Pecchioni S, Belladonna M, Lambertucci L, Lotti E, Pepe G, Bambi A, Morrione A, Masotti G, Marchionni M, Mazzella F, Napoli C, Vitale DF, Viati L, Longobardi G, Lucchetti G, Abete P, Rengo F, Pautex S, Herrmann F, le Lous P, Gold G, Lihavainen K, Sipila S, Rantanenv T, Hartikainen S, Biswas S, Willicombe S, Myint P, Rashidi F, Gillain D, Van Den Noortgate N, Van Der Mark S, Petersen H, Sejtved B, Melton R, Mur AZ, Catevilla AZ, Boix LA, Jordá P, Ranhoff AH, González E, Florian J, Bueso P, Nuotio M, Luukkaala T, Tammela TLJ, Jylhä M, De Antonio García MP, De Abia PG, Bergua AA, Mowinckel P, Orozco MC, Ruiz MC, Verdejo-Bravo C, De Saint-Hubert M, Divoy C, Schoevaerdts D, Swine C, Heppner HJ, Sieber C, Bertsch T, Volpato S, Heppner HJ, Sieber C, Heppner HJ, Sieber C, Heppner HJ, Sieber C, Michael A, Scoyni R, Trani I, Schiaffini C, Sioulis F, Felli B, Aiello L, Belli P, Pacitti MT, Morelli A, D’imperio M, Falanga A, Carratelli D, Morocutti M, Kitisomprayoonkul W, Guerra G, Promsopa K, Chaiwanichsiri D, Ochiana V, Ghorghe S, Popescu G, Tekeira A, Khayat M, Povoroznyuk V, Grygoryeva N, Dzerovych N, Cavalieri M, Karasevskaya T, Mowe M, Skalska A, Fedak D, Grodzicki T, Soda K, Kano Y, Shingo T, Konishi F, Kawakami M, Maraldi C, Ulger Z, Cankurtaran M, Halil M, Yavuz BB, Orhan B, Dede D, Kavas GO, Kocaturk PA, Akyol O, Ariogul S, Guralnik JM, Pircalabu R, Hnidei R, Morosanu B, Rada C, Ionescu C, Yamada M, Kasagi F, Tatsukawa Y, Sasaki H, Alcalde P, Fellin R, Luque M, García M, Ariño S, Carmona G, Rizzoli R, Ammann P, Pressel E, Eddy C, Lilja A, Rønholt F, Pilotto A, Danbaek L, Van der Mark S, Ammann P, Kream B, Rosen C, Rizzoli R, Dubois-Ferrière V, Rizzoli R, Ammann P, Ditloto G, Addante F, Hussain W, Farrelly E, Marsden P, Brewer L, Fallon C, Murphy S, Jørgensen NR, Husted LB, Tofteng CL, Jensen JEB, Franceschi M, Eiken P, Nissen N, Langdahl BL, Schwarz P, Mcintosh S, Lacey E, Carvell C, Povoroznyuk V, Grygoryeva N, Kreslov Y, Leandro G, Dzerovych N, Ozerov I, Vayda V, Povoroznyuk V, Dzerovych N, Karasevskaya T, Povoroznyuk V, Vayda V, Böhmdorfer B, Frühwald T, D’onofrio G, Sommeregger U, Muster U, Böhmdorfer B, Frühwald T, Oeser B, Sommeregger U, Muster U, Cho C, Yoo B, Oh J, Corritore M, Cho K, Lee H, Clemmensen A, Lauridsen M, Nielsen NB, Crome P, Sinclair-Cohen J, Cherubini A, Oristrell J, Hertogh C, Niro V, Szczerbinska K, Lesauskaite V, Prada GI, Clarfield M, Topikova E, Dieppe P, Gallagher P, O’mahony D, Harbig P, Barat I, Scarcelli C, Nielsen PL, Damsgaard EM, Maanen ACDV, Van Marum RJ, Knol W, Van Der Linden CMJ, Jansen PAF, Karlsson M, Berggren AC, Lampela P, Seripa D, Hartikainen S, Lavikainen P, Sulkava R, Huupponen R, Lonergan MT, Coughlan T, ’Neill DO, Lonergan MT, Coughlan T, ’Neill DO, Piccola BD, Krajèík S, Mikus P, Errasquin BM, Cuervo MS, Castellano CS, Silveira ED, Vicedo TB, Cruz-Jentoft AJ, Petrovic M, Cobbaert K, Ferrucci L, Van Der Stichele R, Rajska-Neumann A, Wieczorowska-Tobis K, Ryan C, Kennedy J, O’mahony D, Byrne S, Castellano CS, Fernández CG, Errasquín BM, Bhuachalla BN, Del Rey JM, Peña MIA, Cruz-Jentoft AJ, Trellu LT, Villaneau D, Parel Y, Vogt-Ferrier N, Vanakoski J, Jokinen T, Skippari L, Cotter PE, Iso-Aho M, Guillemard E, Lacoin F, Marcus EL, Caine Y, Kasem H, Gross M, Mukherjee S, Goupal K, Juszczak A, Mhaille BN, Mukherjee S, Romero E, Fernandez C, Ramos M, Gonzalez E, Fuentes M, Mora J, Martin J, Ribera JM, Berg N, Egan A, Vanmeerbeek M, Moreau A, Massart V, Giet D, Bojan A, Onose G, Popescu C, Jönsdóttir AB, Damkjær K, Elkholy K, Kavanagh A, Schroll M, Lindhardt T, Ozdemir L, Gozukara F, Yucel C, Turk R, Akdemir N, Park SMI, Kim DH, Quinlan N, O’connor M, O’neill D, Caffrey N, Lonergan MT, Trainor S, Gowran L, Falconer M, Carroll N, Dwyer C, Coughlan T, O’neill D, O’keeffe ST, Collins DR, Given K, O’neill D, Collins DR, Lund A, Michelet M, Kjeken I, Wyller TB, Sveen U, Meade R, Kristjansson SR, Anniss S, Kachhia A, Hickey A, O’hanlon A, Mcgee H, Shelley E, Horgan F, O’neill D, Osawa A, Maeshima S, Nesbakken A, Sawayama Y, Maeda S, Ohnishi H, Hamada M, Otaguro S, Furusyo N, Hayashi J, Bonet AT, Martorell LV, Truyols AG, Wyller TB, Homar FA, Malberti JC, Huertas P, Wagle J, Farner L, Flekkøy K, Wyller TB, Sandvik L, Eiklid K, Fure B, Bautmans I, Stensrød B, Engedal K, Rnould A, Baron R, Gallais JL, Giniès P, Benmedjahed K, Bartley M, O’neill D, Hürny C, Njemini R, Brack B, Mukherjee S, Chroinin DNI, Farooq SFS, Burke M, Duggan J, Power D, Kyne L, Qvist A, Jørgensen NR, Jansen B, Schwarz P, Sleiman I, Rozzini R, Barbisoni P, Ranhoff A, Trabucchi M, Rønholt F, Jacobsen HN, Rytter L, Seidahamd M, Vierendeels J, Al-Dhahi L, Vigder C, Ben-Israel Y, Kaykov E, Granot E, Raz R, Wulff T, Hendriksen C, Ziccardi P, Cacciatore F, de Backer J, Mazzella F, Viati L, Abete P, Ferrara N, Rengo F, Raschilas F, Adane D, Oziol E, Millot O, Boubakri C, de Waele E, Hemmi P, Tigoulet F, Faucher N, Blain H, Jeandel C, Blain H, Carriere I, Berard C, Favier F, Colvez A, Mets T, Sørensen KI, Brynningsen P, Damsgaard EM, Mehrabian S, Seux ML, Miralles I, Cohen M, Esculier MC, Rigaud AS, Ducasse V, Pilotto A, Lidy C, Samandel S, Geny C, Comte F, Gabelle A, Touchon J, Jeandel C, Morel N, Verny M, Riou B, Addante F, Boddaert J, Marquis C, Greffard S, Dieudonne B, Barrou Z, Boddaert J, Verny M, Bonnet D, Forest A, Verny M, Franceschi M, Boulanger C, Riou B, Malla Z, Boddaert J, Leandro G, D’onofrio G, D’ambrosio LP, Longo MG, Cascavilla L, Paris F, Pazienza AM, Piccola BD, Ferrucci L, Ungar A, Morrione A, Landi A, Caldi F, Maraviglia A, Rafanelli M, Ruffolo E, Chisciotti VM, Masotti G, Marchionni N, van der Velde N, Ziere G, van der Cammen TJM, Hofman B, Stricker BHC, Rodriguez-Pascual C, Moraga AV, Galan EP, Sanchez MJL, Manso AL, Carballido MT, Chiva MTO, Andion JMV, Sierra AL, Pillay I, Saunders J, Cunniffe J, Cooke J, Blot S, Cankurtaran M, Vandijck D, Danneels C, Vandewoude K, Peleman R, Piette AA, Verschraegen G, van den Noortgate N, Vogelaers D, Petrovic M, Skerris A, Kjear P, Cristoffersen J, Shou C, Seest LS, Oestergaard A, Rønholt F, Overgaard K, Donnellan C, Hickey A, Hevey D, O’neill D, van Munster B, Korevaar J, Zwinderman A, Levi M, Wiersinga J, Rooij S, White S, Mahony SO, Bayer A, Juliebo V, Bjøro K, Krogseth M, Ranhoff AH, Wyller TB, Duque AS, Silvestre J, Freitas P, Palma-Reis I, Lopes JP, Martins A, Batalha V, Campos L, Ekstrom H, Elmstahl S, Ivanoff SD, Hayashi T, Ina K, Hirai H, Iguchi A, Lee T, Gallagher P, Hegarty E, Connor MO, Mahony DO, Mkhailova O, Khavinson V, Kozlov L, Chopra NR, Jones DA, Huwez F, Frimann J, Koefoed M, Meyling R, Holm E, Gryglewska B, Sulicka J, Fornal M, Wizner B, Grodzicki T, O’connor L, Lonergan MT, Cogan N, Coughlan T, O’neill D, Collins DR, Prada GI, Fita IG, Prada S, Herghelegiu AM, Datu C, Lonergan MT, Kelleher F, Mcdermott R, Collins DR, Retornaz F, Monette J, Batist G, Monette M, Sourial N, Small D, Caplan S, Wan-Chow-Wah D, Puts MTE, Bergman H, Retornaz F, Sourial N, Seux V, Monette J, Soubeyrand J, Bergman H, Andrei V, Pircalabu R, Lupeanu E, Pena C, Turcu E, Raducanu I, Hnidei A, Morosanu B, Gherasim P, Gradinaru D, Rachita M, Ionescu I, Arino S, Coindreau F, Alcalde P, Serra J, Baldasseroni S, Romboli B, di Serio C, Orso F, Pellerito S, Mannucci E, Colombi C, Bartoli N, Masotti G, Marchionni N, Tarantini F, Barry P, Kinsella S, Twomey C, O’mahony D, Bezerra AW, Popescu G, Azevedo E, Nobrega J, Ghiorghe S, Coindreau F, Serra J, Duems O, Saez I, Clapera G, Arino S, Coindreau F, Serra J, Saez I, Duems O, Clpaera G, Arino S, Jones DA, Chopra NR, Guha K, Clarkson P, Koga T, Furusyo N, Ogawa E, Sawayama Y, Ai M, Otokozawa S, Schaefer EJ, Hayashi J, Lupeanu E, Andrei V, Turcu E, Pircalabu R, Raducanu I, Hnidei R, Morosanu B, Opris S, Ionescu C, Gherasim P, Mellingsaeter M, Wyller TB, Ranhoff AH, Popescu G, Teixeira J, Ghiorghe S, Azevedo E, Teixeira A, Rodriguez-Pascual C, Moraga AV, Carballido MT, Galan EP, Quintela S, Leiros A, Sanchez MJL, Chiva MTO, Sierra AL, Andion JMV, Rios CF, Seabra Pereira MF, Jorge E, Dias R, Verissimo MT, Santos L, Saldanha MH, Sinha S, Dave P, Hussain S, Ayub A, Vilches-Moraga A, Rodriguez-Pascual C, Paredes-Galan E, Leiro-Manso A, Gonzalez-Rios C, Torrente-Carballido M, Vega-Andion JM, Olcoz-Chiva MT, Lopez-Sierra A, Lopez-Sanchez MJ, Narro-Vidal M, Garcia Q, Bozoglu E, Isk AT, Comert B, Doruk H, Sohrt C, Brynningsen P, Damsgaard EM, Kat M, Vreeswijk R, de Jonghe J, van der Ploeg T, van Gool W, Eikelenboom P, Kalisvaart K, Kat M, de Jonghe J, Vreeswijk R, van der Ploeg T, van Gool W, Eikelenboom P, Kalisvaart K, Krogseth M, Juliebø V, Engedal K, Wyller TB, Sharma V, Soiza RL, Ferguson K, Shenkin SD, Seymour DG, Maclullich AMJ, van Munster B, van Breemen M, Moerland P, Speijer D, Rooij S, Hollmann M, Zwinderman A, Korevaar J, Vreeswijk R, Toornvliet A, Honing M, Bakker K, de Man T, de Jonghe JFM, Kalisvaart KJ, Bisschop MM, Sival R, Driesen J, Cappuccio M, Cilesi I, Cirinei E, Ruggiero C, Dell’aquila G, Gasperini B, Patacchini F, Mancioli G, Lauretani F, Bandinelli S, Maggio M, Ferrucci L, Cherubini A, Cruz-Jentoft AJ, de Tena Fontaneda A, Cano LR, Custureri R, Curiale V, Prete C, Cella A, Bonomini C, Barban G, Trasciatti S, Palummeri E, Gasperini B, Ruggiero C, Dell’aquila G, Cirinei E, Patacchini F, Mancioli G, Lauretani F, Bandinelli S, Maggio M, Ferrucci L, Cherubini A, Gold G, Giannakopoulos P, Hermmann F, Bouras C, Kovari E, Halil M, Deniz A, Yavuz B, Yavuz BB, Ülger Z, Cankurtaran M, Isik M, Cankurtaran ES, Aytemir K, Ariogul S, Kanaya K, Abe S, Sakai M, Iwamoto T, Korfitsen T, Moe C, Mecocci P, Mangiaasche F, Costanzi E, Cecchetti R, Rinaldi P, Serafini V, Amici S, Baglioni M, Bastiani P, Lovestone S, Prada GI, Ftta IG, Prada S, Herghelegiu AM, Datu C, Rozzini R, Sleiman I, Barbisoni P, Ranhoff A, Maggi S, Trabucchi M, Shafiei R, Johansen AH, Moe C, Lyngholm-Kxærby P, Kristiansen K, Lestrup C, Lund C, Jones E, Such P, van Puyvelde K, Mets T, Yavuz BB, Yavuz B, Cankurtaran M, Halil M, Ulger Z, Aytemir K, Oto A, Ariogul S, Yavuz BB, Cankurtaran M, Halil M, Ulger Z, Ariogul S, di Bari M, Lattanzio F, Sgadari A, Baccini M, Ercolani S, Rengo F, Senin U, Bernabei R, Marchionni N, Cherubini A, del Bianco L, Lamanna C, Gori F, Monami M, Marchionni N, Masotti G, Mannucci E, Foss CH, Vestbo E, Frøland A, Mogensen CE, Damsgaard EM, Mossello E, Simoni D, Boncinelli M, Gullo M, Mello AM, Lopilato E, Lamanna C, Gori F, Cavallini MC, Marchionni N, Mannucci E, Masotti M, Pena CM, Olaru OG, Pircalabu RM, Raducanu I, Rodriguez-Justo S, Narro-Vidal M, Garcia-Villar E, Rodriguez-Pascual C, Vilches-Moraga A, Olcoz-Chiva MT, Lopez-Sierra A, Vega-Andion JM, Lopez-Sanchez MJ, Torrente-Carballido M, Paredes-Galan E, Vilches-Moraga A, Abbas A, Grue R, Adie K, Fox J, Wileman L, Pattison T, Briggs S, Bhat S, Baker P, Akdemir N, Kapucu SS, Özdemir L, Akkus Y, Balci G, Akyar Y, Cankuran M, Halil M, Kayihan H, Uyanik M, Hazer O, Ariogul S, Cella A, Curiale V, Cuneo G, Fraguglia C, Trasciatti S, Palummeri E, Blundell A, Gordon A, Masud T, Gladman J, Sclater A, Curran V, Kirby B, Forristall J, Sharpe D, Anstey SA, Dawe D, Edwards S, White M, Celik SS, Kapucu SS, Akkuþ Y, Tuna Z, Szczerbinska K, Kijowska V, Mirewska E, Topor-Madry R, Czabanowska K, Maggi S, Franceschi M, Pilotto A, Noale M, Parisi GC, Crepaldi G, Van Gara R, Mcgee H, Winder R, O’neill D, Piers R, Vanden Noortgate N, Schrauwen W, Maertens S, Velghe A, Petrovic M, Benoit D, Cronin H, O’regan C, Kearney P, Moreira A, Kamiya Y, Whelan B, Kenny RA, Carpena-Ruiz M, Anton JM, de Antonio P, Verdejo C, Cruz-Jentoft AJ, Anton JM, Verdejo C, de Antonio P, Carpena M, Cruz-Jentoft AJ, Sanchez FJM, Alonso CF, del Castillo JG, Ferrer MF, Armengol JG, Villarroel P, Gregorio PG, Casado JMR, Leiros BG, Garcia FJG, Clemente MRP, Acha AA, Ramiez LFM, Ballesteros CM, Ibanez JMF, Andres SA, Maya RP, Soria JF, Checa M, Melich AE, Lang PO, Herrmann F, Michel JP, Cebrian A, Duiez-Domingo J, San-Martin M, Vantieghem KM, Terumalai K, Kaiser L, Trellu LT, Brandt MS, Jørgensen B, Nyhuus C, Lyager A, Hagedorn D, Holm E, Lauritsen J, Leners JC, Sibret MP, Mas MA, Renom A, Vazquez O, Miralles R, Cervera AM, Mathur A, Lord S, Mikes Z, Mikes P, Holckova J, Dukat A, Lietava J, Petrovicova J, Strelkova V, Kolesar J, Rokkedal L, Granberg P, Mortensen RS, Shipman K, Vincent B, Patel T, Yau C, Rehman R, Salam A, Ballentyne S, Aw D, Weerasuriya N, Lee S, Masud T, Barry P, O’connor M, O’sullivan F, Moriarty E, O’connor K, O’connor M, Bogen B, Bjordal JM, Kristensen MT, Moe-Nilssen R, Crome I, Lally F, Crome P, Curiale V, Custureri R, Prete C, Trasciatti S, Galliera EOO, Herrmann F, Petitpierre N, Michel JP, Kitisomprayoonkul W, Chaiwanichsiri D, Kristensen MT, Bandholm T, Bencke J, Ekdahl C, Kehlet H, Lauritsen J, Sørensen GV, Gonzalez A, Lazaro M, Gonzalez E, Ribera JM, Casado JMR, Gillett S, MacMahon M, Pedersen SJ, Borgbjerg FM, Schousboe B, Pedersen BD, Jørgensen HL, Duus BR, Lauritzen JB, Cooke J, Pillay I, Binkley N, Boonen S, Roux C, He W, Rosenberg R, Yang Z, Salonoja M, Aarnio P, Vahlberg T, Ktvelä SL, Salpakoski A, Portegijs E, Kallinen M, Sihvonen S, Kiviranta I, Alen M, Rantanen T, Sipilä S, Szczerbinska K, Sørensen GV, Lauritsen J, Vincent B, Way B, Vergis N, Battacharya B, Chatterjee A, Bryden E, Vind AB, Andersen HE, Pedersen KD, Jørgensen T, Schwarz P, Zintchouk D, Mørch M, Damsgaard EM, De Saint-Hubert M, Divoy C, Godart P, Schoevaerdts D, Swine C, Alonso CF, Sanchez FJM, del Castillo JG, Ferrer MF, Armengol JG, Villarroel P, Bravo CV, Casado JMR, Hovmand B, Larsen AE, Pedersen S, Vinkler S, Christensen K, Øresund CVU, Matera MG, Goffredo V, Franceschi M, D’onofrio G, Addante F, Gravina C, Urbano M, Seripa D, Dallapiccola B, Pilotto A, Chroinin DNI, O’brien H, Power D, Santillo E, Ventura G, Migale M, Cassano S, Cariello FP, Crane S, Takahashi P, Tung E, Chandra A, Yu-Ballard A, Hanson G, Vandewoude M, Hoeck S, Geerts J, Van Hal G, Van der Heyden J, Breda J, Weber P, Meluzínová H, Hrubanová J, Kubšová H, Polcarová V, Campbell P, Henderson E, Macmahon M, Pedersen ABL, Mørch MM, Foss CH, Franceschi M, Maggi S, Pilotto A, Noale M, Parisi G, Crepaldi G, Furusyo N, Koga T, Ohnishi H, Maeda S, Takeoka H, Toyoda K, Ogawa E, Sawayama Y, Hayashi J, Kamigaki M, Nakagawa I, Kumei Y, Hayashi N, Takasugi Y, Maggi S, Pilotto A, Noale M, Franceschi L, Parisi GC, Crepaldi G, Maggi S, Pilotto A, Franceschi M, Noale M, Parisi GC, Crepaldi G, Michael A, Bhangu A, Fisher G, Rees E, Labib M, Ogawa E, Furusyo N, Koga T, Sawayama Y, Hayashi J, Ohishi M, Takagi T, Fujisawa T, Katsuya T, Rakugi H, Pilotto A, Franceschi M, Ferrucci L, Rengo F, Bernabei R, Leandro G, Pilotto A, Franceschi M, Maggi S, Noale M, Parisi G, Crepaldi G, Cotter PE, Simon M, Quinn C, O’keeffe ST, Moy I, Crome P, Crome I, Frisher M, Daly K, Huber P, Hilleret H, Lang PO, Le Saint L, Chamot C, Giannakopoulos P, Gold G, Leckie K, Bayes H, Birschel P, Lundgren B, Eniry BM, Pillay I, Matzen LE, O’neill D, Garavan R, O’hanlon A, Mcgee H, Akdemir N, Kapucu S, Ozdemir L, Akkus Y, Balci G, Akyar I, Patacchini F, Ruggiero C, Dell’aquila G, Ferretti R, Mariani T, Gugliotta R, Cirinei E, Gasperini B, Lattanzio F, Bernabei R, Senin U, Cherubini C, Pedersen TS, Raun KN, Jespersen E, Sixt E, Takahashi P, Crane S, Tung E, Chandra A, Yu-Ballard A, Hanson G, Velghe A, Petermans J. Oral and Poster Papers Submitted for Presentation at the 5th Congress of the EUGMS “Geriatric Medicine in a Time of Generational Shift September 3–6, 2008 Copenhagen, Denmark. J Nutr Health Aging 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02983206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Moor CT, Roberts SA, Simmons G, Briggs S, Morris AJ, Smith J, Heffernan H. Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing enterobacteria: factors associated with infection in the community setting, Auckland, New Zealand. J Hosp Infect 2008; 68:355-62. [PMID: 18353497 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2008.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2007] [Accepted: 02/01/2008] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to document the epidemiology of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing enterobacteria in the Auckland community and identify factors associated with infection using a case-control study design. ESBL-producing enterobacteria were isolated from 107 infected patients, for which demographic and clinical data were available for 98 cases (92%). Escherichia coli was the predominant organism (82%), with urine as the commonest source (97%). Compared with a control group infected with ESBL-negative enterobacteria, factors significantly associated with infection on univariate analysis were: living in a residential care home (RCH); recent admission to hospital 'M'; recent antibiotic use; older age (>75 years); presence of a urinary catheter; and a history of comorbid chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cardiovascular disease, neurological disease or recurrent urinary tract infection. On multivariate analysis, residence in RCH and COPD remained significant associations. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis typing of the ESBL-producing E. coli identified a common strain. We concluded that residence in RCH and a history of COPD are significant associations with ESBL-producing enterobacterial infection in the Auckland community. Several spatial clusters in RCHs and a common strain suggest point-source outbreaks. A substantial number of community cases did not live in an RCH nor had been recently hospitalised, suggesting the independent generation of ESBL-producing enterobacteria in the broader community.
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Affiliation(s)
- C T Moor
- Auckland Regional Public Health Service, Auckland, New Zealand
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Voralia M, Fibich C, Katzman M, Danyluk P, George T, Doell H, Evjen A, vanden Berghe J, Briggs S. 186: Bortezomib Added to High-Dose Cyclophosphamide During Stem Cell Mobilization is Safe and Provides Effective Disease Control in Chemotherapy-Refractory Multiple Myeloma. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2007.12.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Briggs S, MacKay T, Miller S. The Edinbarnet Playground Project: Changing Aggressive Behaviour Through Structured Intervention. Educational Psychology in Practice 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/0266736950110206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Nisbet M, Briggs S, Ellis-Pegler R, Thomas M, Holland D. Propionibacterium acnes: an under-appreciated cause of post-neurosurgical infection. J Antimicrob Chemother 2007; 60:1097-103. [PMID: 17875606 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkm351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Propionibacterium acnes is increasingly recognized as a cause of post-neurosurgical infection. This review of patients with P. acnes neurosurgical infection was carried out in order to determine clinical characteristics and outcomes in relation to duration of antimicrobial treatment. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the charts of consecutive patients with P. acnes isolated from neurosurgical specimens from 1 January 1999 to 30 June 2005. We defined P. acnes neurosurgical infection as isolation of P. acnes alone from a sterile neurosurgical site in a patient who clinically improved following treatment with an appropriate antibiotic. RESULTS We identified 28 patients with definite P. acnes neurosurgical infection; median age 49 years (range 23-77); 15 (54%) male. All patients had prior neurosurgical procedures: 27 (96%) post-craniotomy. The median time from surgery to presentation was 54 days (range 12-1,578). Eighteen out of 28 (64%) patients who met the definition of neurosurgical infection had Gram-positive bacilli seen in at least one surgical specimen compared with only 2/56 (4%) patients who did not meet the definition (P < 0.0001). Intravenous benzyl penicillin +/- oral penicillin VK was the most common treatment. The median duration of antibiotic treatment for intracranial infection was 29 days. Five of nine patients who had extracranial bone-flap-associated infection had <or=7 days of intravenous treatment and were cured. Two patients had relapse or reinfection. CONCLUSIONS P. acnes neurosurgical infection often presents in an indolent fashion. Gram-positive bacilli on Gram stain should not be discounted as a contaminant in neurosurgical specimens. Associated bone flaps should be removed. Intravenous benzyl penicillin +/- oral penicillin VK remains effective treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Nisbet
- Infectious Disease Department, Auckland City Hospital, Private Bag 92024, Auckland, New Zealand.
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Partridge D, McBride S, Scott D, Briggs S. P1699 Inexpensive interventions can significantly reduce the number of unnecessary intravenous devices present in medical inpatients. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-8579(07)71538-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Wall JA, Wei J, Ly M, Belmont P, Martindale JJ, Tran D, Sun J, Chen WJ, Yu W, Oeller P, Briggs S, Gustafsson AB, Sayen MR, Gottlieb RA, Glembotski CC. Alterations in oxidative phosphorylation complex proteins in the hearts of transgenic mice that overexpress the p38 MAP kinase activator, MAP kinase kinase 6. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2006; 291:H2462-72. [PMID: 16766635 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.01311.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) has critical consequences in the heart. Recent studies on the functions of I/R-activated kinases, such as p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), showed that I/R injury is reduced in the hearts of transgenic mice that overexpress the p38 MAPK activator MAPK kinase 6 (MKK6). This protection may be fostered by changes in the levels of many proteins not currently known to be regulated by p38. To examine this possibility, we employed the multidimensional protein identification technology MudPIT to characterize changes in levels of proteins in MKK6 transgenic mouse hearts, focusing on proteins in mitochondria, which play key roles in mediating I/R injury in the heart. Of the 386 mitochondrial proteins identified, the levels of 58 were decreased, while only 2 were increased in the MKK6 transgenic mouse hearts. Among those that were decreased were 21 mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation complex proteins, which was unexpected because p38 is not known to mediate such decreases. Immunoblotting verified that proteins in each of the five oxidative phosphorylation complexes were reduced in MKK6 mouse hearts. On assessing functional consequences of these reductions, we found that MKK6 mouse heart mitochondria exhibited 50% lower oxidative respiration and I/R-mediated reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, both of which are predicted consequences of decreased oxidative phosphorylation complex proteins. Thus the cardioprotection observed in MKK6 transgenic mouse hearts may be partly due to decreased electron transport, which is potentially beneficial, because damaging ROS are known to be generated by mitochondrial complexes I and III during reoxygenation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason A Wall
- SDSU Heart Institute and the Dept. of Biology, San Diego State Univ., San Diego, CA 92182, USA
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Abstract
Clinical governance is an essential part of quality assurance for everyday clinical practice. It is part of the generic curriculum for all specialist registrars (SpRs) training in medical specialities. The authors of this update undertook a survey of SpRs training in geriatric medicine to determine their perceived knowledge of clinical governance and whether they had received training in this area.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Short-course treatment of meningococcal disease (including meningitis) with 4-5 days of an i.v. beta-lactam is of proven efficacy. Since April 1998, all adult patients with meningococcal disease admitted to Auckland Hospital were prospectively treated with 3 days of i.v. benzylpenicillin. AIMS To assess the clinical features, laboratory findings, disease complications and outcome of patients with meningococcal disease prospectively treated with 3 days of i.v. benzylpenicillin. METHODS A retrospective chart review of all adult patients with meningococcal disease admitted to Auckland Hospital from April 1998 to December 2002 was conducted. RESULTS Ninety patients with definite (n = 72) or -probable (n = 16) meningococcal disease were admitted during the study period. Two were excluded on the basis of treatment duration. The remaining 88 patients received a mean +/- standard deviation duration of treatment of 3.1 +/- 0.5 days (excluding those who died while receiving treatment). Six patients (7%) died, four of whom while on treatment. There were no relapses. CONCLUSION Three days of i.v. benzylpenicillin for the treatment of adults with meningococcal disease is effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Briggs
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
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Briggs S, Goodyear P, Thomas R, Strike P, Smith D. A Survey of Muscle Relaxants Used for Cardiac Anaesthesia in the United Kingdom. J Intensive Care Soc 2004. [DOI: 10.1177/175114370400500206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S. Briggs
- Specialist Registrar in Anaesthesia, Shackleton Department of Anaesthesia, Southampton General Hospital
| | - P Goodyear
- Specialist Registrar in Anaesthesia, Shackleton Department of Anaesthesia, Southampton General Hospital
| | - R. Thomas
- Consultant in Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Department of Anaesthesia, Royal Hampshire County Hospital, Romsey Road, Winchester, SO22 5DG, Hampshire
| | - P Strike
- Medical Statistician, Research and Development Support Unit, Salisbury District Hospital, Salisbury
| | - D Smith
- Senior Lecturer and Consultant Anaesthetist, Shackleton Department of Anaesthesia, SouthamptonGeneral Hospital, Tremona Road, Southampton
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Briggs S, Thomas R, Goodyear P, Smith D. Crit Care 2002; 6:1. [DOI: 10.1186/cc1805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Gilbert M, Counsell CM, Guin P, O'Neill R, Briggs S. Determining the relationship between end-of-life decisions expressed in advance directives and resuscitation efforts during cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Outcomes Manag Nurs Pract 2001; 5:87-92. [PMID: 11898333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, there has been an increased focus on end-of-life decisions and the use of medical technology. It is not well documented in the literature whether or not and to what extent patients' advance directives are used for directing resuscitative efforts. The purpose of this study was to determine how useful patients' advance directives were to members of the health care team in determining treatment and end-of-life decisions among patients who received cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) efforts. Medical records of 135 adult patients who had undergone CPR efforts within the previous year were reviewed to determine if and to what extent advance directives were useful in directing end-of-life care and treatment decisions. Only 35 of these patients had advance directives. Three categories for advance directives emerged: those that were "independently directive," those that were "vague and required further clarification," and those that were "nondirective." Information from this study may be used to clarify treatment options for end-of-life care and to determine if and what further interventions are required to ensure that advance directives can be executed as meaningful documents.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Gilbert
- Shands Hospital, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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Staniforth M, Briggs S, Lewczak C. Unearthing the invisible people: European families and Aboriginal people at South Australian whaling stations. Mainsl Haul 2001; 37:12-19. [PMID: 21049658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
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Affiliation(s)
- P E Mullen
- Monash University, Victorian Institute of Forensic Mental Health, Fairfield, Victoria, Australia.
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