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Ugursu B, Sah A, Sartori S, Popp O, Mertins P, Dunay IR, Kettenmann H, Singewald N, Wolf SA. Microglial sex differences in innate high anxiety and modulatory effects of minocycline. Brain Behav Immun 2024; 119:465-481. [PMID: 38552926 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2024.03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Microglia modulate synaptic refinement in the central nervous system (CNS). We have previously shown that a mouse model with innate high anxiety-related behavior (HAB) displays higher CD68+ microglia density in the key regions of anxiety circuits compared to mice with normal anxiety-related behavior (NAB) in males, and that minocycline treatment attenuated the enhanced anxiety of HAB male. Given that a higher prevalence of anxiety is widely reported in females compared to males, little is known concerning sex differences at the cellular level. Herein, we address this by analyzing microglia heterogeneity and function in the HAB and NAB brains of both sexes. Single-cell RNA sequencing revealed ten distinct microglia clusters varied by their frequency and gene expression profile. We report striking sex differences, especially in the major microglia clusters of HABs, indicating a higher expression of genes associated with phagocytosis and synaptic engulfment in the female compared to the male. On a functional level, we show that female HAB microglia engulfed a greater amount of hippocampal vGLUT1+ excitatory synapses compared to the male. We moreover show that female HAB microglia engulfed more synaptosomes compared to the male HAB in vitro. Due to previously reported effects of minocycline on microglia, we finally administered oral minocycline to HABs of both sexes and showed a significant reduction in the engulfment of synapses by female HAB microglia. In parallel to our microglia-specific findings, we further showed an anxiolytic effect of minocycline on female HABs, which is complementary to our previous findings in the male HABs. Our study, therefore, identifies the altered function of synaptic engulfment by microglia as a potential avenue to target and resolve microglia heterogeneity in mice with innate high anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilge Ugursu
- Psychoneuroimmunology, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany; Experimental Ophthalmology, ChariteUniversitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
| | - Anupam Sah
- Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Pharmacy and CMBI, University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Simone Sartori
- Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Pharmacy and CMBI, University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Oliver Popp
- Proteomics Platform, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Philip Mertins
- Proteomics Platform, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ildiko R Dunay
- Institute of Inflammation and Neurodegeneration, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Helmut Kettenmann
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Immunomodulation for Neurological Diseases, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China; Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nicolas Singewald
- Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Pharmacy and CMBI, University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Susanne A Wolf
- Psychoneuroimmunology, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany; Experimental Ophthalmology, ChariteUniversitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany.
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Guneykaya D, Ugursu B, Logiacco F, Popp O, Feiks MA, Meyer N, Wendt S, Semtner M, Cherif F, Gauthier C, Madore C, Yin Z, Çınar Ö, Arslan T, Gerevich Z, Mertins P, Butovsky O, Kettenmann H, Wolf SA. Sex-specific microglia state in the Neuroligin-4 knock-out mouse model of autism spectrum disorder. Brain Behav Immun 2023; 111:61-75. [PMID: 37001827 PMCID: PMC10330133 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2023.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroligin-4 (NLGN4) loss-of-function mutations are associated with monogenic heritable autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and cause alterations in both synaptic and behavioral phenotypes. Microglia, the resident CNS macrophages, are implicated in ASD development and progression. Here we studied the impact of NLGN4 loss in a mouse model, focusing on microglia phenotype and function in both male and female mice. NLGN4 depletion caused lower microglia density, less ramified morphology, reduced response to injury and purinergic signaling specifically in the hippocampal CA3 region predominantly in male mice. Proteomic analysis revealed disrupted energy metabolism in male microglia and provided further evidence for sexual dimorphism in the ASD associated microglial phenotype. In addition, we observed impaired gamma oscillations in a sex-dependent manner. Lastly, estradiol application in male NLGN4-/- mice restored the altered microglial phenotype and function. Together, these results indicate that loss of NLGN4 affects not only neuronal network activity, but also changes the microglia state in a sex-dependent manner that could be targeted by estradiol treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilansu Guneykaya
- Cellular Neuroscience, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany; Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Bilge Ugursu
- Cellular Neuroscience, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany; Department of Ophthalmology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Psychoneuroimmunology, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Francesca Logiacco
- Cellular Neuroscience, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Oliver Popp
- Proteomics Platform, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maria Almut Feiks
- Institute of Neurophysiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Niklas Meyer
- Cellular Neuroscience, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany; Department of Microbiology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Stefan Wendt
- Cellular Neuroscience, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marcus Semtner
- Cellular Neuroscience, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany; Department of Ophthalmology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Psychoneuroimmunology, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Fatma Cherif
- Cellular Neuroscience, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Gauthier
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Charlotte Madore
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Univ. Bordeaux, INRA, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, Bordeaux, France
| | - Zhuoran Yin
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Özcan Çınar
- Molecular Immunotherapy, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Taner Arslan
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Science for Life Laboratory, Solna, Sweden
| | - Zoltan Gerevich
- Institute of Neurophysiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Philipp Mertins
- Proteomics Platform, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Oleg Butovsky
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Germany
| | - Helmut Kettenmann
- Cellular Neuroscience, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany; Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Susanne A Wolf
- Cellular Neuroscience, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany; Department of Ophthalmology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Psychoneuroimmunology, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany.
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Ugursu B, Sah A, Sartori SB, Kettenmann H, Singewald N, Wolf SA. Sexual Dimorphism of Microglia in High Trait Anxiety with a Particular Focus on Synaptic Pruning. Journal of Affective Disorders Reports 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2023.100574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
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Ugursu B, Kettenmann H, Wolf SA. Deciphering Microglia-Synapse Interaction in Neuroligin-4 Knockout mouse model of Autism Spectrum Disorder. Journal of Affective Disorders Reports 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2023.100577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
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Paolicelli RC, Sierra A, Stevens B, Tremblay ME, Aguzzi A, Ajami B, Amit I, Audinat E, Bechmann I, Bennett M, Bennett F, Bessis A, Biber K, Bilbo S, Blurton-Jones M, Boddeke E, Brites D, Brône B, Brown GC, Butovsky O, Carson MJ, Castellano B, Colonna M, Cowley SA, Cunningham C, Davalos D, De Jager PL, de Strooper B, Denes A, Eggen BJL, Eyo U, Galea E, Garel S, Ginhoux F, Glass CK, Gokce O, Gomez-Nicola D, González B, Gordon S, Graeber MB, Greenhalgh AD, Gressens P, Greter M, Gutmann DH, Haass C, Heneka MT, Heppner FL, Hong S, Hume DA, Jung S, Kettenmann H, Kipnis J, Koyama R, Lemke G, Lynch M, Majewska A, Malcangio M, Malm T, Mancuso R, Masuda T, Matteoli M, McColl BW, Miron VE, Molofsky AV, Monje M, Mracsko E, Nadjar A, Neher JJ, Neniskyte U, Neumann H, Noda M, Peng B, Peri F, Perry VH, Popovich PG, Pridans C, Priller J, Prinz M, Ragozzino D, Ransohoff RM, Salter MW, Schaefer A, Schafer DP, Schwartz M, Simons M, Smith CJ, Streit WJ, Tay TL, Tsai LH, Verkhratsky A, von Bernhardi R, Wake H, Wittamer V, Wolf SA, Wu LJ, Wyss-Coray T. Microglia states and nomenclature: A field at its crossroads. Neuron 2022; 110:3458-3483. [PMID: 36327895 PMCID: PMC9999291 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2022.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 407] [Impact Index Per Article: 203.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Microglial research has advanced considerably in recent decades yet has been constrained by a rolling series of dichotomies such as "resting versus activated" and "M1 versus M2." This dualistic classification of good or bad microglia is inconsistent with the wide repertoire of microglial states and functions in development, plasticity, aging, and diseases that were elucidated in recent years. New designations continuously arising in an attempt to describe the different microglial states, notably defined using transcriptomics and proteomics, may easily lead to a misleading, although unintentional, coupling of categories and functions. To address these issues, we assembled a group of multidisciplinary experts to discuss our current understanding of microglial states as a dynamic concept and the importance of addressing microglial function. Here, we provide a conceptual framework and recommendations on the use of microglial nomenclature for researchers, reviewers, and editors, which will serve as the foundations for a future white paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa C Paolicelli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Amanda Sierra
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Glial Cell Biology Lab, Leioa, Spain; Department of Neuroscience, University of the Basque Country EHU/UPV, Leioa, Spain; Ikerbasque Foundation, Bilbao, Spain.
| | - Beth Stevens
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, (HHMI), MD, USA; Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Marie-Eve Tremblay
- Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada; Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada; Center for Advanced Materials and Related Technology (CAMTEC), University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| | - Adriano Aguzzi
- Institute of Neuropathology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Bahareh Ajami
- Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Department of Behavioral and Systems Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University School of Medicine, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Ido Amit
- Department of Systems Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Etienne Audinat
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Ingo Bechmann
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Mariko Bennett
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Department of Psychiatry, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Child Neurology, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Frederick Bennett
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Alain Bessis
- École Normale Supérieure, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Paris Sciences et Lettres Research University, Paris, France
| | - Knut Biber
- Neuroscience Discovery, AbbVie Deutschland GmbH, Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Staci Bilbo
- Departments of Psychology & Neuroscience, Neurobiology, and Cell Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Mathew Blurton-Jones
- Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, UCI MIND, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Erik Boddeke
- Department Biomedical Sciences of Cells & Systems, Section Molecular Neurobiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Dora Brites
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Bert Brône
- BIOMED Research Institute, University of Hasselt, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Guy C Brown
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Oleg Butovsky
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Monica J Carson
- Center for Glial-Neuronal Interactions, Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California Riverside School of Medicine, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Bernardo Castellano
- Unidad de Histología Medica, Depto. Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Barcelona, Spain; Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marco Colonna
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Sally A Cowley
- James and Lillian Martin Centre for Stem Cell Research, Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Colm Cunningham
- School of Biochemistry & Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College, Dublin, Republic of Ireland; Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College, Dublin, Republic of Ireland
| | - Dimitrios Davalos
- Department of Neurosciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA; Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Philip L De Jager
- Center for Translational & Computational Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Bart de Strooper
- UK Dementia Research Institute at University College London, London, UK; Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie at Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Adam Denes
- "Momentum" Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Bart J L Eggen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells & Systems, section Molecular Neurobiology, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Ukpong Eyo
- Department of Neuroscience, Center for Brain Immunology and Glia, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Elena Galea
- Institut de Neurociències and Departament de Bioquímica, Unitat de Bioquímica, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; ICREA, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sonia Garel
- Institut de Biologie de l'ENS (IBENS), Département de Biologie, École Normale Supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, Paris, France; College de France, Paris, France
| | - Florent Ginhoux
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A(∗)STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Ozgun Gokce
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Ludwig Maximillian's University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Diego Gomez-Nicola
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
| | - Berta González
- Unidad de Histología Medica, Depto. Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología and Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Siamon Gordon
- Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan (ROC); Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, Oxford, UK
| | - Manuel B Graeber
- Ken Parker Brain Tumour Research Laboratories, Brain and Mind Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Andrew D Greenhalgh
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Geoffrey Jefferson Brain Research Centre, Division of Infection, Immunity & Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Pierre Gressens
- Université Paris Cité, Inserm, NeuroDiderot, 75019 Paris, France
| | - Melanie Greter
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - David H Gutmann
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Christian Haass
- Division of Metabolic Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Biomedical Center (BMC), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munchen, Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy); Munich, Germany
| | - Michael T Heneka
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Frank L Heppner
- Department of Neuropathology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Soyon Hong
- UK Dementia Research Institute at University College London, London, UK
| | - David A Hume
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Steffen Jung
- Department of Immunology and Regenerative Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Helmut Kettenmann
- Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany; Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jonathan Kipnis
- Center for Brain Immunology and Glia (BIG), Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Ryuta Koyama
- Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Greg Lemke
- MNL-L, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Marina Lynch
- Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College, Dublin, Republic of Ireland
| | - Ania Majewska
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Marzia Malcangio
- Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Tarja Malm
- University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Renzo Mancuso
- Microglia and Inflammation in Neurological Disorders (MIND) Lab, VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, VIB, Antwerp, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Takahiro Masuda
- Department of Molecular and System Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Japan
| | - Michela Matteoli
- Humanitas University, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Milan, Italy
| | - Barry W McColl
- UK Dementia Research Institute, Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh BioQuarter, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Veronique E Miron
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh BioQuarter, Edinburgh, UK; UK Dementia Research Institute at the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh BioQuarter, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - Michelle Monje
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, (HHMI), MD, USA; Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Agnes Nadjar
- Neurocentre Magendie, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France; Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Paris, France
| | - Jonas J Neher
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany; Department of Cellular Neurology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Urte Neniskyte
- VU LSC-EMBL Partnership for Genome Editing Technologies, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania; Institute of Biosciences, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Harald Neumann
- Institute of Reconstructive Neurobiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital of Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Mami Noda
- Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Institute of Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine of Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an, China
| | - Bo Peng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Institute for Translational Brain Research, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Francesca Peri
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - V Hugh Perry
- UK Dementia Research Institute, University College London, London, UK; School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Phillip G Popovich
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Clare Pridans
- University of Edinburgh, Centre for Inflammation Research, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Josef Priller
- Department of Psychiatry & Psychotherapy, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin and DZNE, Berlin, Germany; University of Edinburgh and UK DRI, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Marco Prinz
- Institute of Neuropathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Center for Basics in NeuroModulation (NeuroModulBasics), Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Davide Ragozzino
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy; Santa Lucia Foundation (IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia), Rome, Italy
| | | | - Michael W Salter
- Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Anne Schaefer
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Center for Glial Biology, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Koeln, Germany
| | - Dorothy P Schafer
- Department of Neurobiology, Brudnick Neuropsychiatric Research Institute, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Michal Schwartz
- Department of Neurobiology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Mikael Simons
- Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology, Technical University Munich, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Munich, Germany
| | - Cody J Smith
- Galvin Life Science Center, University of Notre Dame, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Wolfgang J Streit
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Tuan Leng Tay
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; BrainLinks-BrainTools Centre, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Freiburg Institute of Advanced Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Li-Huei Tsai
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Alexei Verkhratsky
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Glial Cell Biology Lab, Leioa, Spain; Department of Neuroscience, University of the Basque Country EHU/UPV, Leioa, Spain; Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | | | - Hiroaki Wake
- Department of Anatomy and Molecular Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Valérie Wittamer
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire (IRIBHM), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium; ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Susanne A Wolf
- Charité Universitätsmedizin, Experimental Ophthalmology and Neuroimmunology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Long-Jun Wu
- Department of Neurology and Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Tony Wyss-Coray
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
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6
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Sah A, Rooney S, Kharitonova M, Sartori SB, Wolf SA, Singewald N. Enriched Environment Attenuates Enhanced Trait Anxiety in Association with Normalization of Aberrant Neuro-Inflammatory Events. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13052. [PMID: 36361832 PMCID: PMC9657487 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is discussed to play a role in specific subgroups of different psychiatric disorders, including anxiety disorders. We have previously shown that a mouse model of trait anxiety (HAB) displays enhanced microglial density and phagocytic activity in key regions of anxiety circuits compared to normal-anxiety controls (NAB). Using minocycline, we provided causal evidence that reducing microglial activation within the dentate gyrus (DG) attenuated enhanced anxiety in HABs. Besides pharmacological intervention, "positive environmental stimuli", which have the advantage of exerting no side-effects, have been shown to modulate inflammation-related markers in human beings. Therefore, we now investigated whether environmental enrichment (EE) would be sufficient to modulate upregulated neuroinflammation in high-anxiety HABs. We show for the first time that EE can indeed attenuate enhanced trait anxiety, even when presented as late as adulthood. We further found that EE-induced anxiolysis was associated with the attenuation of enhanced microglial density (using Iba-1 as the marker) in the DG and medial prefrontal cortex. Additionally, EE reduced Iba1 + CD68+ microglia density within the anterior DG. Hence, the successful attenuation of trait anxiety by EE was associated in part with the normalization of neuro-inflammatory imbalances. These results suggest that pharmacological and/or positive behavioral therapies triggering microglia-targeted anti-inflammatory effects could be promising as novel alternatives or complimentary anxiolytic therapeutic approaches in specific subgroups of individuals predisposed to trait anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anupam Sah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Pharmacy and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82/III, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sinead Rooney
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Pharmacy and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82/III, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Maria Kharitonova
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Pharmacy and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82/III, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Simone B. Sartori
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Pharmacy and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82/III, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Susanne A. Wolf
- Cellular Neurocience, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, 13125 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Experimental Ophthalmology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Nicolas Singewald
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Pharmacy and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82/III, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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7
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Scheuer T, dem Brinke EA, Grosser S, Wolf SA, Mattei D, Sharkovska Y, Barthel PC, Endesfelder S, Friedrich V, Bührer C, Vida I, Schmitz T. Reduction of cortical parvalbumin-expressing GABAergic interneurons in a rodent hyperoxia model of preterm birth brain injury with deficits in social behavior and cognition. Development 2021; 148:272278. [PMID: 34557899 DOI: 10.1242/dev.198390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The inhibitory GABAergic system in the brain is involved in the etiology of various psychiatric problems, including autism spectrum disorders (ASD), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and others. These disorders are influenced not only by genetic but also by environmental factors, such as preterm birth, although the underlying mechanisms are not known. In a translational hyperoxia model, exposing mice pups at P5 to 80% oxygen for 48 h to mimic a steep rise of oxygen exposure caused by preterm birth from in utero into room air, we documented a persistent reduction of cortical mature parvalbumin-expressing interneurons until adulthood. Developmental delay of cortical myelin was observed, together with decreased expression of oligodendroglial glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), a factor involved in interneuronal development. Electrophysiological and morphological properties of remaining interneurons were unaffected. Behavioral deficits were observed for social interaction, learning and attention. These results demonstrate that neonatal oxidative stress can lead to decreased interneuron density and to psychiatric symptoms. The obtained cortical myelin deficit and decreased oligodendroglial GDNF expression indicate that an impaired oligodendroglial-interneuronal interplay contributes to interneuronal damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Till Scheuer
- Department of Neonatology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin 13353, Germany
| | - Elena Auf dem Brinke
- Department of Neonatology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin 13353, Germany
| | - Sabine Grosser
- Institute for Integrative Neuroanatomy, NeuroCure Cluster of Excellence, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin 10117, Germany
| | - Susanne A Wolf
- Cellular Neurocience, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin 13125, Germany.,Department of Experimental Ophthalmology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin 13353, Germany
| | - Daniele Mattei
- Cellular Neurocience, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin 13125, Germany.,Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zurich-Vetsuisse, Zurich CH-8057, Switzerland
| | - Yuliya Sharkovska
- Department of Neonatology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin 13353, Germany.,Institute for Cell and Neurobiology, Center for Anatomy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin 10117, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin 10178, Germany
| | - Paula C Barthel
- Department of Neonatology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin 13353, Germany.,Institute for Cell and Neurobiology, Center for Anatomy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin 10117, Germany
| | - Stefanie Endesfelder
- Department of Neonatology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin 13353, Germany
| | - Vivien Friedrich
- Department of Neonatology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin 13353, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin 10178, Germany
| | - Christoph Bührer
- Department of Neonatology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin 13353, Germany
| | - Imre Vida
- Institute for Integrative Neuroanatomy, NeuroCure Cluster of Excellence, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin 10117, Germany
| | - Thomas Schmitz
- Department of Neonatology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin 13353, Germany
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8
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Buonfiglioli A, Efe IE, Guneykaya D, Ivanov A, Huang Y, Orlowski E, Krüger C, Deisz RA, Markovic D, Flüh C, Newman AG, Schneider UC, Beule D, Wolf SA, Dzaye O, Gutmann DH, Semtner M, Kettenmann H, Lehnardt S. let-7 MicroRNAs Regulate Microglial Function and Suppress Glioma Growth through Toll-Like Receptor 7. Cell Rep 2020; 29:3460-3471.e7. [PMID: 31825829 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Microglia express Toll-like receptors (TLRs) that sense pathogen- and host-derived factors, including single-stranded RNA. In the brain, let-7 microRNA (miRNA) family members are abundantly expressed, and some have recently been shown to serve as TLR7 ligands. We investigated whether let-7 miRNA family members differentially control microglia biology in health and disease. We found that a subset of let-7 miRNA family members function as signaling molecules to induce microglial release of inflammatory cytokines, modulate antigen presentation, and attenuate cell migration in a TLR7-dependent manner. The capability of the let-7 miRNAs to control microglial function is sequence specific, mapping to a let-7 UUGU motif. In human and murine glioblastoma/glioma, let-7 miRNAs are differentially expressed and reduce murine GL261 glioma growth in the same sequence-specific fashion through microglial TLR7. Taken together, these data establish let-7 miRNAs as key TLR7 signaling activators that serve to regulate the diverse functions of microglia in health and glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Buonfiglioli
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany; Department of Cellular Neurosciences, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ibrahim E Efe
- Department of Cellular Neurosciences, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, 13125 Berlin, Germany; Department of Radiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Dilansu Guneykaya
- Department of Cellular Neurosciences, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Andranik Ivanov
- Core Unit Bioinformatics, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Yimin Huang
- Department of Cellular Neurosciences, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Orlowski
- Department of Cellular Neurosciences, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christina Krüger
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Rudolf A Deisz
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Darko Markovic
- Department of Neurosurgery, Helios Clinics, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Charlotte Flüh
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Andrew G Newman
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulf C Schneider
- Department of Neurosurgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Dieter Beule
- Core Unit Bioinformatics, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany; Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Susanne A Wolf
- Department of Ophthalmology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Omar Dzaye
- Department of Radiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany; Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - David H Gutmann
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Marcus Semtner
- Department of Cellular Neurosciences, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Helmut Kettenmann
- Department of Cellular Neurosciences, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, 13125 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Seija Lehnardt
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany; Department of Neurology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany.
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9
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Rooney S, Sah A, Unger MS, Kharitonova M, Sartori SB, Schwarzer C, Aigner L, Kettenmann H, Wolf SA, Singewald N. Neuroinflammatory alterations in trait anxiety: modulatory effects of minocycline. Transl Psychiatry 2020; 10:256. [PMID: 32732969 PMCID: PMC7393101 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-020-00942-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
High trait anxiety is a substantial risk factor for developing anxiety disorders and depression. While neuroinflammation has been identified to contribute to stress-induced anxiety, little is known about potential dysregulation in the neuroinflammatory system of genetically determined pathological anxiety or high trait anxiety individuals. We report microglial alterations in various brain regions in a mouse model of high trait anxiety (HAB). In particular, the dentate gyrus (DG) of the hippocampus of HABs exhibited enhanced density and average cell area of Iba1+, and density of phagocytic (CD68+/Iba1+) microglia compared to normal anxiety (NAB) controls. Minocycline was used to assess the capacity of a putative microglia 'inhibitor' in modulating hyperanxiety behavior of HABs. Chronic oral minocycline indeed reduced HAB hyperanxiety, which was associated with significant decreases in Iba1+ and CD68+Iba1+ cell densities in the DG. Addressing causality, it was demonstrated that longer (10 days), but not shorter (5 days), periods of minocycline microinfusions locally into the DG of HAB reduced Iba-1+ cell density and attenuated hyperanxiety-related behavior, indicating that neuroinflammation in the DG is at least partially involved in the maintenance of pathological anxiety. The present data reveal evidence of disturbances in the microglial system of individuals with high trait anxiety. Minocycline attenuated HAB hyperanxiety, likely by modulation of microglial activity within the DG. Thus, the present data suggest that drugs with microglia-targeted anti-inflammatory properties could be promising as novel alternative or complimentary anxiolytic therapeutic approaches in specific subgroups of individuals genetically predisposed to hyperanxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinead Rooney
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Pharmacy and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Anupam Sah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Pharmacy and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Michael S Unger
- Institute of Molecular Regenerative Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
- Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg (SCI-TReCS), Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Maria Kharitonova
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Pharmacy and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Simone B Sartori
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Pharmacy and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Christoph Schwarzer
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ludwig Aigner
- Institute of Molecular Regenerative Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
- Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg (SCI-TReCS), Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Helmut Kettenmann
- Department of Cellular Neurosciences, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Susanne A Wolf
- Department of Cellular Neurosciences, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Ophthalmology, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nicolas Singewald
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Pharmacy and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
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10
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Guneykaya D, Ivanov A, Hernandez DP, Haage V, Wojtas B, Meyer N, Maricos M, Jordan P, Buonfiglioli A, Gielniewski B, Ochocka N, Cömert C, Friedrich C, Artiles LS, Kaminska B, Mertins P, Beule D, Kettenmann H, Wolf SA. Transcriptional and Translational Differences of Microglia from Male and Female Brains. Cell Rep 2019; 24:2773-2783.e6. [PMID: 30184509 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 260] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Revised: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Sex differences in brain structure and function are of substantial scientific interest because of sex-related susceptibility to psychiatric and neurological disorders. Neuroinflammation is a common denominator of many of these diseases, and thus microglia, as the brain's immunocompetent cells, have come into focus in sex-specific studies. Here, we show differences in the structure, function, and transcriptomic and proteomic profiles in microglia freshly isolated from male and female mouse brains. We show that male microglia are more frequent in specific brain areas, have a higher antigen-presenting capacity, and appear to have a higher potential to respond to stimuli such as ATP, reflected in higher baseline outward and inward currents and higher protein expression of purinergic receptors. Altogether, we provide a comprehensive resource to generate and validate hypotheses regarding brain sex differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilansu Guneykaya
- Cellular Neurocience, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andranik Ivanov
- Core Unit Bioinformatics, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany; Charité-Universitaetsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniel Perez Hernandez
- Proteomics Platform, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, 13125 Berlin, Germany; Berlin Institute of Health, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Verena Haage
- Cellular Neurocience, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bartosz Wojtas
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Niklas Meyer
- Cellular Neurocience, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Meron Maricos
- Cellular Neurocience, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Philipp Jordan
- Cellular Neurocience, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alice Buonfiglioli
- Cellular Neurocience, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany; Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bartlomiej Gielniewski
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Natalia Ochocka
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Cagla Cömert
- Cellular Neurocience, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Corinna Friedrich
- Proteomics Platform, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Lorena Suarez Artiles
- Proteomics Platform, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Bozena Kaminska
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Philipp Mertins
- Proteomics Platform, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, 13125 Berlin, Germany; Berlin Institute of Health, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Dieter Beule
- Core Unit Bioinformatics, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany; Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Helmut Kettenmann
- Cellular Neurocience, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Susanne A Wolf
- Cellular Neurocience, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany; Department of Ophthalmology, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany.
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11
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Laverock J, Jovic V, Zakharov AA, Niu YR, Kittiwatanakul S, Westhenry B, Lu JW, Wolf SA, Smith KE. Observation of Weakened V-V Dimers in the Monoclinic Metallic Phase of Strained VO_{2}. Phys Rev Lett 2018; 121:256403. [PMID: 30608778 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.256403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Emergent order at mesoscopic length scales in condensed matter can provide fundamental insight into the underlying competing interactions and their relationship with the order parameter. Using spectromicroscopy, we show that mesoscopic stripe order near the metal-insulator transition (MIT) of strained VO_{2} represents periodic modulations in both crystal symmetry and V-V dimerization. Above the MIT, we unexpectedly find the long-range order of V-V dimer strength and crystal symmetry become dissociated beyond ≈200 nm, whereas the conductivity transition proceeds homogeneously in a narrow temperature range.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Laverock
- H. H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol BS8 1TL, United Kingdom
- Department of Physics, Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - V Jovic
- School of Chemical Sciences and MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - A A Zakharov
- MAX-lab, Lund University, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Y R Niu
- MAX-lab, Lund University, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - S Kittiwatanakul
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville,Virginia 22904, USA
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - B Westhenry
- H. H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol BS8 1TL, United Kingdom
| | - J W Lu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville,Virginia 22904, USA
| | - S A Wolf
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville,Virginia 22904, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - K E Smith
- Department of Physics, Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
- School of Chemical Sciences and MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
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12
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Szulzewsky F, Arora S, de Witte L, Ulas T, Markovic D, Schultze JL, Holland EC, Synowitz M, Wolf SA, Kettenmann H. Human glioblastoma-associated microglia/monocytes express a distinct RNA profile compared to human control and murine samples. Glia 2018; 64:1416-36. [PMID: 27312099 DOI: 10.1002/glia.23014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Revised: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive brain tumor in adults. It is strongly infiltrated by microglia and peripheral monocytes that support tumor growth. In the present study we used RNA sequencing to compare the expression profile of CD11b(+) human glioblastoma-associated microglia/monocytes (hGAMs) to CD11b(+) microglia isolated from non-tumor samples. Hierarchical clustering and principal component analysis showed a clear separation of the two sample groups and we identified 334 significantly regulated genes in hGAMs. In comparison to human control microglia hGAMs upregulated genes associated with mitotic cell cycle, cell migration, cell adhesion, and extracellular matrix organization. We validated the expression of several genes associated with extracellular matrix organization in samples of human control microglia, hGAMs, and the hGAMs-depleted fraction via qPCR. The comparison to murine GAMs (mGAMs) showed that both cell populations share a significant fraction of upregulated transcripts compared with their respective controls. These genes were mostly related to mitotic cell cycle. However, in contrast to murine cells, human GAMs did not upregulate genes associated to immune activation. Comparison of human and murine GAMs expression data to several data sets of in vitro-activated human macrophages and murine microglia showed that, in contrast to mGAMs, hGAMs share a smaller overlap to these data sets in general and in particular to cells activated by proinflammatory stimulation with LPS + INFγ or TNFα. Our findings provide new insights into the biology of human glioblastoma-associated microglia/monocytes and give detailed information about the validity of murine experimental models. GLIA 2016 GLIA 2016;64:1416-1436.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Szulzewsky
- Department of Cellular Neurosciences, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Society, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Sonali Arora
- Department of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Lot de Witte
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Thomas Ulas
- Department of Genomics and Immunoregulation, Life and Medical Sciences Institute University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Darko Markovic
- Department of Cellular Neurosciences, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Society, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Neurosurgery, Helios Clinics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Joachim L Schultze
- Department of Genomics and Immunoregulation, Life and Medical Sciences Institute University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Platform for Single Cell Genomics and Epigenomics at the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases and the University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Eric C Holland
- Department of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Michael Synowitz
- Department of Cellular Neurosciences, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Society, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), Kiel, Germany
| | - Susanne A Wolf
- Department of Cellular Neurosciences, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Society, Berlin, Germany
| | - Helmut Kettenmann
- Department of Cellular Neurosciences, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Society, Berlin, Germany
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13
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Piwecka M, Glažar P, Hernandez-Miranda LR, Memczak S, Wolf SA, Rybak-Wolf A, Filipchyk A, Klironomos F, Cerda Jara CA, Fenske P, Trimbuch T, Zywitza V, Plass M, Schreyer L, Ayoub S, Kocks C, Kühn R, Rosenmund C, Birchmeier C, Rajewsky N. Loss of a mammalian circular RNA locus causes miRNA deregulation and affects brain function. Science 2017; 357:science.aam8526. [DOI: 10.1126/science.aam8526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 713] [Impact Index Per Article: 101.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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14
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Hadar R, Dong L, Del-Valle-Anton L, Guneykaya D, Voget M, Edemann-Callesen H, Schweibold R, Djodari-Irani A, Goetz T, Ewing S, Kettenmann H, Wolf SA, Winter C. Deep brain stimulation during early adolescence prevents microglial alterations in a model of maternal immune activation. Brain Behav Immun 2017; 63:71-80. [PMID: 27939248 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2016.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Revised: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years schizophrenia has been recognized as a neurodevelopmental disorder likely involving a perinatal insult progressively affecting brain development. The poly I:C maternal immune activation (MIA) rodent model is considered as a neurodevelopmental model of schizophrenia. Using this model we and others demonstrated the association between neuroinflammation in the form of altered microglia and a schizophrenia-like endophenotype. Therapeutic intervention using the anti-inflammatory drug minocycline affected altered microglia activation and was successful in the adult offspring. However, less is known about the effect of preventive therapeutic strategies on microglia properties. Previously we found that deep brain stimulation of the medial prefrontal cortex applied pre-symptomatically to adolescence MIA rats prevented the manifestation of behavioral and structural deficits in adult rats. We here studied the effects of deep brain stimulation during adolescence on microglia properties in adulthood. We found that in the hippocampus and nucleus accumbens, but not in the medial prefrontal cortex, microglial density and soma size were increased in MIA rats. Pro-inflammatory cytokine mRNA was unchanged in all brain areas before and after implantation and stimulation. Stimulation of either the medial prefrontal cortex or the nucleus accumbens normalized microglia density and soma size in main projection areas including the hippocampus and in the area around the electrode implantation. We conclude that in parallel to an alleviation of the symptoms in the rat MIA model, deep brain stimulation has the potential to prevent the neuroinflammatory component in this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravit Hadar
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universitaet Dresden, Germany
| | - Le Dong
- Cellular Neuroscience, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lucia Del-Valle-Anton
- Cellular Neuroscience, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dilansu Guneykaya
- Cellular Neuroscience, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mareike Voget
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universitaet Dresden, Germany; International Graduate Program Medical Neurosciences, Charité - Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Germany
| | - Henriette Edemann-Callesen
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universitaet Dresden, Germany; International Graduate Program Medical Neurosciences, Charité - Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Germany
| | - Regina Schweibold
- Cellular Neuroscience, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anais Djodari-Irani
- Cellular Neuroscience, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Goetz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universitaet Dresden, Germany
| | - Samuel Ewing
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universitaet Dresden, Germany
| | - Helmut Kettenmann
- Cellular Neuroscience, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Susanne A Wolf
- Cellular Neuroscience, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Christine Winter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universitaet Dresden, Germany
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15
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Mattei D, Ivanov A, Ferrai C, Jordan P, Guneykaya D, Buonfiglioli A, Schaafsma W, Przanowski P, Deuther-Conrad W, Brust P, Hesse S, Patt M, Sabri O, Ross TL, Eggen BJL, Boddeke EWGM, Kaminska B, Beule D, Pombo A, Kettenmann H, Wolf SA. Maternal immune activation results in complex microglial transcriptome signature in the adult offspring that is reversed by minocycline treatment. Transl Psychiatry 2017; 7:e1120. [PMID: 28485733 PMCID: PMC5534948 DOI: 10.1038/tp.2017.80] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Revised: 02/04/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternal immune activation (MIA) during pregnancy has been linked to an increased risk of developing psychiatric pathologies in later life. This link may be bridged by a defective microglial phenotype in the offspring induced by MIA, as microglia have key roles in the development and maintenance of neuronal signaling in the central nervous system. The beneficial effects of the immunomodulatory treatment with minocycline on schizophrenic patients are consistent with this hypothesis. Using the MIA mouse model, we found an altered microglial transcriptome and phagocytic function in the adult offspring accompanied by behavioral abnormalities. The changes in microglial phagocytosis on a functional and transcriptional level were similar to those observed in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease hinting to a related microglial phenotype in neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders. Minocycline treatment of adult MIA offspring reverted completely the transcriptional, functional and behavioral deficits, highlighting the potential benefits of therapeutic targeting of microglia in psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Mattei
- Cellular Neurocience, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - A Ivanov
- Core Unit Bioinformatics, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany,Charite Medical University, Berlin, Germany
| | - C Ferrai
- Epigenetic Regulation and Chromatin Architecture Group, Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max-Delbrück Centre for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - P Jordan
- Cellular Neurocience, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - D Guneykaya
- Cellular Neurocience, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - A Buonfiglioli
- Cellular Neurocience, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany,Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - W Schaafsma
- Department of Neuroscience, Section Medical Physiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - P Przanowski
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - W Deuther-Conrad
- Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Research Site Leipzig, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Leipzig, Germany
| | - P Brust
- Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Research Site Leipzig, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Leipzig, Germany
| | - S Hesse
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany,Integrated Treatment and Research Centre (IFB) Adiposity Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - M Patt
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - O Sabri
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - T L Ross
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - B J L Eggen
- Department of Neuroscience, Section Medical Physiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - E W G M Boddeke
- Department of Neuroscience, Section Medical Physiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - B Kaminska
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - D Beule
- Core Unit Bioinformatics, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany,Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - A Pombo
- Epigenetic Regulation and Chromatin Architecture Group, Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max-Delbrück Centre for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - H Kettenmann
- Cellular Neurocience, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - S A Wolf
- Cellular Neurocience, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany,Cellular Neurocience, Max-Delbrück-Center of Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Robert-Rössle-Strasse 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany. E-mail:
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16
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Chen Z, Feng X, Herting CJ, Garcia VA, Nie K, Pong WW, Rasmussen R, Dwivedi B, Seby S, Wolf SA, Gutmann DH, Hambardzumyan D. Cellular and Molecular Identity of Tumor-Associated Macrophages in Glioblastoma. Cancer Res 2017; 77:2266-2278. [PMID: 28235764 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-2310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 420] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Revised: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
In glioblastoma (GBM), tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) represent up to one half of the cells of the tumor mass, including both infiltrating macrophages and resident brain microglia. In an effort to delineate the temporal and spatial dynamics of TAM composition during gliomagenesis, we used genetically engineered and GL261-induced mouse models in combination with CX3CR1GFP/WT;CCR2RFP/WT double knock-in mice. Using this approach, we demonstrated that CX3CR1LoCCR2Hi monocytes were recruited to the GBM, where they transitioned to CX3CR1HiCCR2Lo macrophages and CX3CR1HiCCR2- microglia-like cells. Infiltrating macrophages/monocytes constituted approximately 85% of the total TAM population, with resident microglia accounting for the approximately 15% remaining. Bone marrow-derived infiltrating macrophages/monocytes were recruited to the tumor early during GBM initiation, where they localized preferentially to perivascular areas. In contrast, resident microglia were localized mainly to peritumoral regions. RNA-sequencing analyses revealed differential gene expression patterns unique to infiltrating and resident cells, suggesting unique functions for each TAM population. Notably, limiting monocyte infiltration via genetic Ccl2 reduction prolonged the survival of tumor-bearing mice. Our findings illuminate the unique composition and functions of infiltrating and resident myeloid cells in GBM, establishing a rationale to target infiltrating cells in this neoplasm. Cancer Res; 77(9); 2266-78. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihong Chen
- Department of Pediatrics and Aflac Cancer Center of Children's Health Care of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.,Department of Neurosciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Xi Feng
- Department of Neurosciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Cameron J Herting
- Department of Pediatrics and Aflac Cancer Center of Children's Health Care of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | | | - Kai Nie
- Department of Pediatrics and Aflac Cancer Center of Children's Health Care of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.,Department of Neurosciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Winnie W Pong
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Rikke Rasmussen
- Department of Neurosciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Bhakti Dwivedi
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Sandra Seby
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Susanne A Wolf
- Department of Cellular Neuroscience, Max-Delbrück-Center of Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - David H Gutmann
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Dolores Hambardzumyan
- Department of Pediatrics and Aflac Cancer Center of Children's Health Care of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
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17
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Abstract
As the immune-competent cells of the brain, microglia play an increasingly important role in maintaining normal brain function. They invade the brain early in development, transform into a highly ramified phenotype, and constantly screen their environment. Microglia are activated by any type of pathologic event or change in brain homeostasis. This activation process is highly diverse and depends on the context and type of the stressor or pathology. Microglia can strongly influence the pathologic outcome or response to a stressor due to the release of a plethora of substances, including cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors. They are the professional phagocytes of the brain and help orchestrate the immunological response by interacting with infiltrating immune cells. We describe here the diversity of microglia phenotypes and their responses in health, aging, and disease. We also review the current literature about the impact of lifestyle on microglia responses and discuss treatment options that modulate microglial phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne A Wolf
- Cellular Neurosciences, Max Delbrück Centre for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin 13092, Germany;
| | - H W G M Boddeke
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen 9713, The Netherlands
| | - Helmut Kettenmann
- Cellular Neurosciences, Max Delbrück Centre for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin 13092, Germany;
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18
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Ku MC, Edes I, Bendix I, Pohlmann A, Waiczies H, Prozorovski T, Günther M, Martin C, Pagès G, Wolf SA, Kettenmann H, Uckert W, Niendorf T, Waiczies S. ERK1 as a Therapeutic Target for Dendritic Cell Vaccination against High-Grade Gliomas. Mol Cancer Ther 2016; 15:1975-87. [PMID: 27256374 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-15-0850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Glioma regression requires the recruitment of potent antitumor immune cells into the tumor microenvironment. Dendritic cells (DC) play a role in immune responses to these tumors. The fact that DC vaccines do not effectively combat high-grade gliomas, however, suggests that DCs need to be genetically modified specifically to promote their migration to tumor relevant sites. Previously, we identified extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1) as a regulator of DC immunogenicity and brain autoimmunity. In the current study, we made use of modern magnetic resonance methods to study the role of ERK1 in regulating DC migration and tumor progression in a model of high-grade glioma. We found that ERK1-deficient mice are more resistant to the development of gliomas, and tumor growth in these mice is accompanied by a higher infiltration of leukocytes. ERK1-deficient DCs exhibit an increase in migration that is associated with sustained Cdc42 activation and increased expression of actin-associated cytoskeleton-organizing proteins. We also demonstrated that ERK1 deletion potentiates DC vaccination and provides a survival advantage in high-grade gliomas. Considering the therapeutic significance of these results, we propose ERK1-deleted DC vaccines as an additional means of eradicating resilient tumor cells and preventing tumor recurrence. Mol Cancer Ther; 15(8); 1975-87. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Chi Ku
- Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F.), Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Inan Edes
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Gene Therapy, Humboldt-University Berlin and Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Ivo Bendix
- Department of Pediatrics I, Neonatology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Andreas Pohlmann
- Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F.), Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Tim Prozorovski
- Department of Neurology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Martin Günther
- Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F.), Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Gilles Pagès
- University Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice (IRCAN), Nice, France
| | - Susanne A Wolf
- Department of Cellular Neurosciences, Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Helmut Kettenmann
- Department of Cellular Neurosciences, Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Uckert
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Gene Therapy, Humboldt-University Berlin and Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Thoralf Niendorf
- Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F.), Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Sonia Waiczies
- Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F.), Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany.
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19
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Möhle L, Mattei D, Heimesaat MM, Bereswill S, Fischer A, Alutis M, French T, Hambardzumyan D, Matzinger P, Dunay IR, Wolf SA. Ly6C(hi) Monocytes Provide a Link between Antibiotic-Induced Changes in Gut Microbiota and Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis. Cell Rep 2016; 15:1945-56. [PMID: 27210745 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.04.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 234] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Revised: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibiotics, though remarkably useful, can also cause certain adverse effects. We detected that treatment of adult mice with antibiotics decreases hippocampal neurogenesis and memory retention. Reconstitution with normal gut flora (SPF) did not completely reverse the deficits in neurogenesis unless the mice also had access to a running wheel or received probiotics. In parallel to an increase in neurogenesis and memory retention, both SPF-reconstituted mice that ran and mice supplemented with probiotics exhibited higher numbers of Ly6C(hi) monocytes in the brain than antibiotic-treated mice. Elimination of Ly6C(hi) monocytes by antibody depletion or the use of knockout mice resulted in decreased neurogenesis, whereas adoptive transfer of Ly6C(hi) monocytes rescued neurogenesis after antibiotic treatment. We propose that the rescue of neurogenesis and behavior deficits in antibiotic-treated mice by exercise and probiotics is partially mediated by Ly6C(hi) monocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Möhle
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University of Magdeburg, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Daniele Mattei
- Department of Cellular Neuroscience, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Markus M Heimesaat
- Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Bereswill
- Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - André Fischer
- Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Marie Alutis
- Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Timothy French
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University of Magdeburg, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Dolores Hambardzumyan
- Department of Neurosciences at the Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Polly Matzinger
- Ghost Lab, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892-9760, USA
| | - Ildiko R Dunay
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University of Magdeburg, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Susanne A Wolf
- Department of Cellular Neuroscience, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine, 13125 Berlin, Germany.
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20
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Dzaye O, Hu F, Derkow K, Haage V, Euskirchen P, Harms C, Lehnardt S, Synowitz M, Wolf SA, Kettenmann H. Glioma Stem Cells but Not Bulk Glioma Cells Upregulate IL-6 Secretion in Microglia/Brain Macrophages via Toll-like Receptor 4 Signaling. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2016; 75:429-40. [PMID: 27030742 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nlw016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Peripheral macrophages and resident microglia constitute the dominant glioma-infiltrating cells. The tumor induces an immunosuppressive and tumor-supportive phenotype in these glioma-associated microglia/brain macrophages (GAMs). A subpopulation of glioma cells acts as glioma stem cells (GSCs). We explored the interaction between GSCs and GAMs. Using CD133 as a marker of stemness, we enriched for or deprived the mouse glioma cell line GL261 of GSCs by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). Over the same period of time, 100 CD133(+ )GSCs had the capacity to form a tumor of comparable size to the ones formed by 10,000 CD133(-) GL261 cells. In IL-6(-/-) mice, only tumors formed by CD133(+ )cells were smaller compared with wild type. After stimulation of primary cultured microglia with medium from CD133-enriched GL261 glioma cells, we observed an selective upregulation in microglial IL-6 secretion dependent on Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4. Our results show that GSCs, but not the bulk glioma cells, initiate microglial IL-6 secretion via TLR4 signaling and that IL-6 regulates glioma growth by supporting GSCs. Using human glioma tissue, we could confirm the finding that GAMs are the major source of IL-6 in the tumor context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Dzaye
- From the Cellular Neurosciences, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin, Germany (ODaD, FH, VH, SAW, HK) ; Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China (FH); Department of Neurology (KD, PE), Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Department of Experimental Neurology, Department of Neurology (PE, CH), Department of Neurology and Center for Anatomy, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology (SL), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, Berlin, Germany; and Department of Neurosurgery, University of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany (MS)
| | - Feng Hu
- From the Cellular Neurosciences, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin, Germany (ODaD, FH, VH, SAW, HK) ; Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China (FH); Department of Neurology (KD, PE), Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Department of Experimental Neurology, Department of Neurology (PE, CH), Department of Neurology and Center for Anatomy, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology (SL), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, Berlin, Germany; and Department of Neurosurgery, University of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany (MS)
| | - Katja Derkow
- From the Cellular Neurosciences, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin, Germany (ODaD, FH, VH, SAW, HK) ; Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China (FH); Department of Neurology (KD, PE), Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Department of Experimental Neurology, Department of Neurology (PE, CH), Department of Neurology and Center for Anatomy, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology (SL), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, Berlin, Germany; and Department of Neurosurgery, University of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany (MS)
| | - Verena Haage
- From the Cellular Neurosciences, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin, Germany (ODaD, FH, VH, SAW, HK) ; Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China (FH); Department of Neurology (KD, PE), Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Department of Experimental Neurology, Department of Neurology (PE, CH), Department of Neurology and Center for Anatomy, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology (SL), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, Berlin, Germany; and Department of Neurosurgery, University of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany (MS)
| | - Philipp Euskirchen
- From the Cellular Neurosciences, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin, Germany (ODaD, FH, VH, SAW, HK) ; Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China (FH); Department of Neurology (KD, PE), Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Department of Experimental Neurology, Department of Neurology (PE, CH), Department of Neurology and Center for Anatomy, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology (SL), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, Berlin, Germany; and Department of Neurosurgery, University of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany (MS)
| | - Christoph Harms
- From the Cellular Neurosciences, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin, Germany (ODaD, FH, VH, SAW, HK) ; Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China (FH); Department of Neurology (KD, PE), Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Department of Experimental Neurology, Department of Neurology (PE, CH), Department of Neurology and Center for Anatomy, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology (SL), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, Berlin, Germany; and Department of Neurosurgery, University of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany (MS)
| | - Seija Lehnardt
- From the Cellular Neurosciences, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin, Germany (ODaD, FH, VH, SAW, HK) ; Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China (FH); Department of Neurology (KD, PE), Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Department of Experimental Neurology, Department of Neurology (PE, CH), Department of Neurology and Center for Anatomy, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology (SL), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, Berlin, Germany; and Department of Neurosurgery, University of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany (MS)
| | - Michael Synowitz
- From the Cellular Neurosciences, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin, Germany (ODaD, FH, VH, SAW, HK) ; Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China (FH); Department of Neurology (KD, PE), Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Department of Experimental Neurology, Department of Neurology (PE, CH), Department of Neurology and Center for Anatomy, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology (SL), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, Berlin, Germany; and Department of Neurosurgery, University of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany (MS)
| | - Susanne A Wolf
- From the Cellular Neurosciences, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin, Germany (ODaD, FH, VH, SAW, HK) ; Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China (FH); Department of Neurology (KD, PE), Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Department of Experimental Neurology, Department of Neurology (PE, CH), Department of Neurology and Center for Anatomy, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology (SL), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, Berlin, Germany; and Department of Neurosurgery, University of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany (MS)
| | - Helmut Kettenmann
- From the Cellular Neurosciences, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin, Germany (ODaD, FH, VH, SAW, HK) ; Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China (FH); Department of Neurology (KD, PE), Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Department of Experimental Neurology, Department of Neurology (PE, CH), Department of Neurology and Center for Anatomy, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology (SL), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, Berlin, Germany; and Department of Neurosurgery, University of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany (MS)
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21
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Schaafsma W, Zhang X, van Zomeren KC, Jacobs S, Georgieva PB, Wolf SA, Kettenmann H, Janova H, Saiepour N, Hanisch UK, Meerlo P, van den Elsen PJ, Brouwer N, Boddeke HWGM, Eggen BJL. Long-lasting pro-inflammatory suppression of microglia by LPS-preconditioning is mediated by RelB-dependent epigenetic silencing. Brain Behav Immun 2015; 48:205-21. [PMID: 25843371 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2015.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2014] [Revised: 03/27/2015] [Accepted: 03/27/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Microglia, the innate immune cells of the central nervous system (CNS), react to endotoxins like bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) with a pronounced inflammatory response. To avoid excess damage to the CNS, the microglia inflammatory response needs to be tightly regulated. Here we report that a single LPS challenge results in a prolonged blunted pro-inflammatory response to a subsequent LPS stimulation, both in primary microglia cultures (100 ng/ml) and in vivo after intraperitoneal (0.25 and 1mg/kg) or intracerebroventricular (5 μg) LPS administration. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) experiments with primary microglia and microglia acutely isolated from mice showed that LPS preconditioning was accompanied by a reduction in active histone modifications AcH3 and H3K4me3 in the promoters of the IL-1β and TNF-α genes. Furthermore, LPS preconditioning resulted in an increase in the amount of repressive histone modification H3K9me2 in the IL-1β promoter. ChIP and knock-down experiments showed that NF-κB subunit RelB was bound to the IL-1β promoter in preconditioned microglia and that RelB is required for the attenuated LPS response. In addition to a suppressed pro-inflammatory response, preconditioned primary microglia displayed enhanced phagocytic activity, increased outward potassium currents and nitric oxide production in response to a second LPS challenge. In vivo, a single i.p. LPS injection resulted in reduced performance in a spatial learning task 4 weeks later, indicating that a single inflammatory episode affected memory formation in these mice. Summarizing, we show that LPS-preconditioned microglia acquire an epigenetically regulated, immune-suppressed phenotype, possibly to prevent excessive damage to the central nervous system in case of recurrent (peripheral) inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Schaafsma
- Department of Neuroscience, Section Medical Physiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - X Zhang
- Department of Neuroscience, Section Medical Physiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - K C van Zomeren
- Department of Neuroscience, Section Medical Physiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - S Jacobs
- Department of Neuroscience, Section Medical Physiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - P B Georgieva
- Cellular Neurosciences, Max Delbrück Centre for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - S A Wolf
- Cellular Neurosciences, Max Delbrück Centre for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - H Kettenmann
- Cellular Neurosciences, Max Delbrück Centre for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - H Janova
- Institute of Neuropathology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - N Saiepour
- Institute of Neuropathology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - U-K Hanisch
- Institute of Neuropathology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany; Universität Leipzig, Paul-Flechsig-Institut für Hirnforschung, Leipzig, Germany
| | - P Meerlo
- Center for Behavior and Neurosciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - P J van den Elsen
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Centre, The Netherlands; Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - N Brouwer
- Department of Neuroscience, Section Medical Physiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - H W G M Boddeke
- Department of Neuroscience, Section Medical Physiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - B J L Eggen
- Department of Neuroscience, Section Medical Physiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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22
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Hoffmann CJ, Harms U, Rex A, Szulzewsky F, Wolf SA, Grittner U, Lättig-Tünnemann G, Sendtner M, Kettenmann H, Dirnagl U, Endres M, Harms C. Vascular Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription-3 Promotes Angiogenesis and Neuroplasticity Long-Term After Stroke. Circulation 2015; 131:1772-82. [DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.114.013003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2014] [Accepted: 03/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background—
Poststroke angiogenesis contributes to long-term recovery after stroke. Signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (Stat3) is a key regulator for various inflammatory signals and angiogenesis. It was the aim of this study to determine its function in poststroke outcome.
Methods and Results—
We generated a tamoxifen-inducible and endothelial-specific Stat3 knockout mouse model by crossbreeding Stat3
floxed/KO
and Tie2-Cre
ERT2
mice. Cerebral ischemia was induced by 30 minutes of middle cerebral artery occlusion. We demonstrated that endothelial Stat3 ablation did not alter lesion size 2 days after ischemia but did worsen functional outcome at 14 days and increase lesion size at 28 days. At this late time point vascular Stat3 expression and phosphorylation were still increased in wild-type mice. Gene array analysis of a CD31-enriched cell population of the neurovascular niche showed that endothelial Stat3 ablation led to a shift toward an antiangiogenic and axon growth-inhibiting micromilieu after stroke, with an increased expression of Adamts9. Remodeling and glycosylation of the extracellular matrix and microglia proliferation were increased, whereas angiogenesis was reduced.
Conclusions—
Endothelial Stat3 regulates angiogenesis, axon growth, and extracellular matrix remodeling and is essential for long-term recovery after stroke. It might serve as a potent target for stroke treatment after the acute phase by fostering angiogenesis and neuroregeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian J. Hoffmann
- From Center for Stroke Research Berlin (C.J.H., U.H., A.R., U.G., G.L-T., U.D., M.E., C.H.) and Department of Neurology (C.J.H., U.H., M.E., C.H.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (F.S., S.A.W., H.K.); Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Germany (M.S.); Cluster of Excellence NeuroCure, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (H.K., U.D., M.E.); and German Center for
| | - Ulrike Harms
- From Center for Stroke Research Berlin (C.J.H., U.H., A.R., U.G., G.L-T., U.D., M.E., C.H.) and Department of Neurology (C.J.H., U.H., M.E., C.H.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (F.S., S.A.W., H.K.); Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Germany (M.S.); Cluster of Excellence NeuroCure, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (H.K., U.D., M.E.); and German Center for
| | - Andre Rex
- From Center for Stroke Research Berlin (C.J.H., U.H., A.R., U.G., G.L-T., U.D., M.E., C.H.) and Department of Neurology (C.J.H., U.H., M.E., C.H.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (F.S., S.A.W., H.K.); Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Germany (M.S.); Cluster of Excellence NeuroCure, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (H.K., U.D., M.E.); and German Center for
| | - Frank Szulzewsky
- From Center for Stroke Research Berlin (C.J.H., U.H., A.R., U.G., G.L-T., U.D., M.E., C.H.) and Department of Neurology (C.J.H., U.H., M.E., C.H.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (F.S., S.A.W., H.K.); Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Germany (M.S.); Cluster of Excellence NeuroCure, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (H.K., U.D., M.E.); and German Center for
| | - Susanne A. Wolf
- From Center for Stroke Research Berlin (C.J.H., U.H., A.R., U.G., G.L-T., U.D., M.E., C.H.) and Department of Neurology (C.J.H., U.H., M.E., C.H.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (F.S., S.A.W., H.K.); Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Germany (M.S.); Cluster of Excellence NeuroCure, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (H.K., U.D., M.E.); and German Center for
| | - Ulrike Grittner
- From Center for Stroke Research Berlin (C.J.H., U.H., A.R., U.G., G.L-T., U.D., M.E., C.H.) and Department of Neurology (C.J.H., U.H., M.E., C.H.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (F.S., S.A.W., H.K.); Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Germany (M.S.); Cluster of Excellence NeuroCure, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (H.K., U.D., M.E.); and German Center for
| | - Gisela Lättig-Tünnemann
- From Center for Stroke Research Berlin (C.J.H., U.H., A.R., U.G., G.L-T., U.D., M.E., C.H.) and Department of Neurology (C.J.H., U.H., M.E., C.H.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (F.S., S.A.W., H.K.); Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Germany (M.S.); Cluster of Excellence NeuroCure, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (H.K., U.D., M.E.); and German Center for
| | - Michael Sendtner
- From Center for Stroke Research Berlin (C.J.H., U.H., A.R., U.G., G.L-T., U.D., M.E., C.H.) and Department of Neurology (C.J.H., U.H., M.E., C.H.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (F.S., S.A.W., H.K.); Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Germany (M.S.); Cluster of Excellence NeuroCure, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (H.K., U.D., M.E.); and German Center for
| | - Helmut Kettenmann
- From Center for Stroke Research Berlin (C.J.H., U.H., A.R., U.G., G.L-T., U.D., M.E., C.H.) and Department of Neurology (C.J.H., U.H., M.E., C.H.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (F.S., S.A.W., H.K.); Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Germany (M.S.); Cluster of Excellence NeuroCure, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (H.K., U.D., M.E.); and German Center for
| | - Ulrich Dirnagl
- From Center for Stroke Research Berlin (C.J.H., U.H., A.R., U.G., G.L-T., U.D., M.E., C.H.) and Department of Neurology (C.J.H., U.H., M.E., C.H.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (F.S., S.A.W., H.K.); Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Germany (M.S.); Cluster of Excellence NeuroCure, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (H.K., U.D., M.E.); and German Center for
| | - Matthias Endres
- From Center for Stroke Research Berlin (C.J.H., U.H., A.R., U.G., G.L-T., U.D., M.E., C.H.) and Department of Neurology (C.J.H., U.H., M.E., C.H.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (F.S., S.A.W., H.K.); Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Germany (M.S.); Cluster of Excellence NeuroCure, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (H.K., U.D., M.E.); and German Center for
| | - Christoph Harms
- From Center for Stroke Research Berlin (C.J.H., U.H., A.R., U.G., G.L-T., U.D., M.E., C.H.) and Department of Neurology (C.J.H., U.H., M.E., C.H.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (F.S., S.A.W., H.K.); Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Germany (M.S.); Cluster of Excellence NeuroCure, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (H.K., U.D., M.E.); and German Center for
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23
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Beebe M, Wang L, Madaras SE, Klopf JM, Li Z, Brantley D, Heimburger M, Wincheski RA, Kittiwatanakul S, Lu J, Wolf SA, Lukaszew RA. Surface plasmon resonance modulation in nanopatterned Au gratings by the insulator-metal transition in vanadium dioxide films. Opt Express 2015; 23:13222-13229. [PMID: 26074574 DOI: 10.1364/oe.23.013222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Correlated experimental and simulation studies on the modulation of Surface Plasmon Polaritons (SPP) in Au/VO2 bilayers are presented. The modification of the SPP wave vector by the thermally-induced insulator-to-metal phase transition (IMT) in VO2 was investigated by measuring the optical reflectivity of the sample. Reflectivity changes are observed for VO2 when transitioning between the insulating and metallic states, enabling modulation of the SPP in the Au layer by the thermally induced IMT in the VO2 layer. Since the IMT can also be optically induced using ultrafast laser pulses, we postulate the viability of SPP ultrafast modulation for sensing or control.
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24
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Biswas A, Bruder D, Wolf SA, Jeron A, Mack M, Heimesaat MM, Dunay IR. Ly6Chigh Monocytes Control Cerebral Toxoplasmosis. J I 2015; 194:3223-35. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1402037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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25
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Szulzewsky F, Pelz A, Feng X, Synowitz M, Markovic D, Langmann T, Holtman IR, Wang X, Eggen BJL, Boddeke HWGM, Hambardzumyan D, Wolf SA, Kettenmann H. Glioma-associated microglia/macrophages display an expression profile different from M1 and M2 polarization and highly express Gpnmb and Spp1. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0116644. [PMID: 25658639 PMCID: PMC4320099 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0116644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 283] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant glioma belong to the most aggressive neoplasms in humans with no successful treatment available. Patients suffering from glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), the highest-grade glioma, have an average survival time of only around one year after diagnosis. Both microglia and peripheral macrophages/monocytes accumulate within and around glioma, but fail to exert effective anti-tumor activity and even support tumor growth. Here we use microarray analysis to compare the expression profiles of glioma-associated microglia/macrophages and naive control cells. Samples were generated from CD11b+ MACS-isolated cells from naïve and GL261-implanted C57BL/6 mouse brains. Around 1000 genes were more than 2-fold up- or downregulated in glioma-associated microglia/macrophages when compared to control cells. A comparison with published data sets of M1, M2a,b,c-polarized macrophages revealed a gene expression pattern that has only partial overlap with any of the M1 or M2 gene expression patterns. Samples for the qRT-PCR validation of selected M1 and M2a,b,c-specific genes were generated from two different glioma mouse models and isolated by flow cytometry to distinguish between resident microglia and invading macrophages. We confirmed in both models the unique glioma-associated microglia/macrophage phenotype including a mixture of M1 and M2a,b,c-specific genes. To validate the expression of these genes in human we MACS-isolated CD11b+ microglia/macrophages from GBM, lower grade brain tumors and control specimens. Apart from the M1/M2 gene analysis, we demonstrate that the expression of Gpnmb and Spp1 is highly upregulated in both murine and human glioma-associated microglia/macrophages. High expression of these genes has been associated with poor prognosis in human GBM, as indicated by patient survival data linked to gene expression data. We also show that microglia/macrophages are the predominant source of these transcripts in murine and human GBM. Our findings provide new potential targets for future anti-glioma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andreas Pelz
- Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Experimental Neurology, Charité–University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Xi Feng
- Department of Neurosciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Michael Synowitz
- Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Neurosurgery, Charité –Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Darko Markovic
- Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Neurosurgery, Helios Clinics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Langmann
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Inge R. Holtman
- Department of Neuroscience, Section Medical Physiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Xi Wang
- Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bart J. L. Eggen
- Department of Neuroscience, Section Medical Physiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Hendrikus W. G. M. Boddeke
- Department of Neuroscience, Section Medical Physiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Dolores Hambardzumyan
- Department of Neurosciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Susanne A. Wolf
- Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Helmut Kettenmann
- Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
- * E-mail:
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26
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Abstract
The neurodevelopmental hypothesis of schizophrenia posits that schizophrenia is a psychopathological condition resulting from aberrations in neurodevelopmental processes caused by a combination of environmental and genetic factors which proceed long before the onset of clinical symptoms. Many studies discuss an immunological component in the onset and progression of schizophrenia. We here review studies utilizing animal models of schizophrenia with manipulations of genetic, pharmacologic, and immunological origin. We focus on the immunological component to bridge the studies in terms of evaluation and treatment options of negative, positive, and cognitive symptoms. Throughout the review we link certain aspects of each model to the situation in human schizophrenic patients. In conclusion we suggest a combination of existing models to better represent the human situation. Moreover, we emphasize that animal models represent defined single or multiple symptoms or hallmarks of a given disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Mattei
- Department of Cellular Neuroscience, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Regina Schweibold
- Department of Cellular Neuroscience, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany ; Department of Neurosurgery, Helios Clinics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Susanne A Wolf
- Department of Cellular Neuroscience, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
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27
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Pannell M, Meier MA, Szulzewsky F, Matyash V, Endres M, Kronenberg G, Prinz V, Waiczies S, Wolf SA, Kettenmann H. The subpopulation of microglia expressing functional muscarinic acetylcholine receptors expands in stroke and Alzheimer's disease. Brain Struct Funct 2014; 221:1157-72. [PMID: 25523105 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-014-0962-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2014] [Accepted: 12/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Microglia undergo a process of activation in pathology which is controlled by many factors including neurotransmitters. We found that a subpopulation (11 %) of freshly isolated adult microglia respond to the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor agonist carbachol with a Ca(2+) increase and a subpopulation of similar size (16 %) was observed by FACS analysis using an antibody against the M3 receptor subtype. The carbachol-sensitive population increased in microglia/brain macrophages isolated from tissue of mouse models for stroke (60 %) and Alzheimer's disease (25 %), but not for glioma and multiple sclerosis. Microglia cultured from adult and neonatal brain contained a carbachol-sensitive subpopulation (8 and 9 %), which was increased by treatment with interferon-γ to around 60 %. This increase was sensitive to blockers of protein synthesis and correlated with an upregulation of the M3 receptor subtype and with an increased expression of MHC-I and MHC-II. Carbachol was a chemoattractant for microglia and decreased their phagocytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Pannell
- Department of Cellular Neurosciences, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Robert-Roessle-Strasse 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maria Almut Meier
- Department of Cellular Neurosciences, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Robert-Roessle-Strasse 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Frank Szulzewsky
- Department of Cellular Neurosciences, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Robert-Roessle-Strasse 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Vitali Matyash
- Department of Cellular Neurosciences, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Robert-Roessle-Strasse 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthias Endres
- Department of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Golo Kronenberg
- Department of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Vincent Prinz
- Department of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sonia Waiczies
- Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Robert-Roessle-Strasse 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Susanne A Wolf
- Department of Cellular Neurosciences, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Robert-Roessle-Strasse 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Helmut Kettenmann
- Department of Cellular Neurosciences, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Robert-Roessle-Strasse 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany.
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28
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Hu F, Dzaye OD, Hahn A, Yu Y, Scavetta RJ, Dittmar G, Kaczmarek AK, Dunning KR, Ricciardelli C, Rinnenthal JL, Heppner FL, Lehnardt S, Synowitz M, Wolf SA, Kettenmann H. Glioma-derived versican promotes tumor expansion via glioma-associated microglial/macrophages Toll-like receptor 2 signaling. Neuro Oncol 2014; 17:200-10. [PMID: 25452390 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nou324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accumulation and infiltration of microglia/brain macrophages around and into glioma tissue promote tumor invasion and expansion. One tumor-promoting mechanism of microglia/brain macrophages is upregulation of membrane type 1 matrix metalloprotease (MT1-MMP), which promotes the degradation of extracellular matrix. MT1-MMP upregulation is induced by soluble factors released by glioma cells activating microglial Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2). METHODS Versican identified by proteomics was silenced in glioma cells by short interference RNA and short hairpin RNA approaches and studied in vitro and after injection into mouse brains or organotypic brain slices. RESULTS The splice variants V0/V1 of the endogenous TLR2 ligand versican are highly expressed in mouse and human glioma tissue. Versican-silenced gliomas induced less MT1-MMP expression in microglia both in vitro and in vivo, which resulted in smaller tumors and longer survival rates as compared with controls. Recombinant versican V1 induced significantly higher levels of MT1-MMP in wild-type microglia compared with untreated and treated TLR2 knockout microglial cells. Using glioma-injected organotypic brain slices, we found that the impact of versican signaling on glioma growth depended on the presence of microglia. Moreover, we found that TLR2 expression is upregulated in glioma-associated microglia but not in astrocytes. Additionally, an established TLR2 neutralizing antibody reduced glioma-induced microglial MT1-MMP expression as well as glioma growth ex vivo. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that versican released from glioma promotes tumor expansion through glioma-associated microglial/macrophage TLR2 signaling and subsequent expression of MT1-MMP. This signaling cascade might be a novel target for glioma therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Hu
- Cellular Neurosciences, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (F.H., O.D.a D., A.H., S.A.W., H.K.); Cancer Genetics and Cellular Stress Responses, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (Y.Y.); Mass Spectrometry, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (R.J.S., G.D.); Robinson Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia (A.K.K., K.R.D., C.R.); Department of Neuropathology, Charité Medical University, Berlin, Germany (J.L.R., F.L.H.); Department of Neurology and Center for Anatomy, Charité Medical University, Berlin, Germany (S.L.); Department of Neurosurgery, Charité Medical University, 13353 Berlin, Germany (M.S.)Present affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030 Wuhan, People's Republic of China (F.H.)
| | - Omar Dildar Dzaye
- Cellular Neurosciences, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (F.H., O.D.a D., A.H., S.A.W., H.K.); Cancer Genetics and Cellular Stress Responses, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (Y.Y.); Mass Spectrometry, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (R.J.S., G.D.); Robinson Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia (A.K.K., K.R.D., C.R.); Department of Neuropathology, Charité Medical University, Berlin, Germany (J.L.R., F.L.H.); Department of Neurology and Center for Anatomy, Charité Medical University, Berlin, Germany (S.L.); Department of Neurosurgery, Charité Medical University, 13353 Berlin, Germany (M.S.)Present affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030 Wuhan, People's Republic of China (F.H.)
| | - Alexander Hahn
- Cellular Neurosciences, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (F.H., O.D.a D., A.H., S.A.W., H.K.); Cancer Genetics and Cellular Stress Responses, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (Y.Y.); Mass Spectrometry, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (R.J.S., G.D.); Robinson Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia (A.K.K., K.R.D., C.R.); Department of Neuropathology, Charité Medical University, Berlin, Germany (J.L.R., F.L.H.); Department of Neurology and Center for Anatomy, Charité Medical University, Berlin, Germany (S.L.); Department of Neurosurgery, Charité Medical University, 13353 Berlin, Germany (M.S.)Present affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030 Wuhan, People's Republic of China (F.H.)
| | - Yong Yu
- Cellular Neurosciences, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (F.H., O.D.a D., A.H., S.A.W., H.K.); Cancer Genetics and Cellular Stress Responses, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (Y.Y.); Mass Spectrometry, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (R.J.S., G.D.); Robinson Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia (A.K.K., K.R.D., C.R.); Department of Neuropathology, Charité Medical University, Berlin, Germany (J.L.R., F.L.H.); Department of Neurology and Center for Anatomy, Charité Medical University, Berlin, Germany (S.L.); Department of Neurosurgery, Charité Medical University, 13353 Berlin, Germany (M.S.)Present affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030 Wuhan, People's Republic of China (F.H.)
| | - Rick Joey Scavetta
- Cellular Neurosciences, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (F.H., O.D.a D., A.H., S.A.W., H.K.); Cancer Genetics and Cellular Stress Responses, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (Y.Y.); Mass Spectrometry, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (R.J.S., G.D.); Robinson Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia (A.K.K., K.R.D., C.R.); Department of Neuropathology, Charité Medical University, Berlin, Germany (J.L.R., F.L.H.); Department of Neurology and Center for Anatomy, Charité Medical University, Berlin, Germany (S.L.); Department of Neurosurgery, Charité Medical University, 13353 Berlin, Germany (M.S.)Present affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030 Wuhan, People's Republic of China (F.H.)
| | - Gunnar Dittmar
- Cellular Neurosciences, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (F.H., O.D.a D., A.H., S.A.W., H.K.); Cancer Genetics and Cellular Stress Responses, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (Y.Y.); Mass Spectrometry, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (R.J.S., G.D.); Robinson Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia (A.K.K., K.R.D., C.R.); Department of Neuropathology, Charité Medical University, Berlin, Germany (J.L.R., F.L.H.); Department of Neurology and Center for Anatomy, Charité Medical University, Berlin, Germany (S.L.); Department of Neurosurgery, Charité Medical University, 13353 Berlin, Germany (M.S.)Present affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030 Wuhan, People's Republic of China (F.H.)
| | - Adrian Kamil Kaczmarek
- Cellular Neurosciences, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (F.H., O.D.a D., A.H., S.A.W., H.K.); Cancer Genetics and Cellular Stress Responses, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (Y.Y.); Mass Spectrometry, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (R.J.S., G.D.); Robinson Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia (A.K.K., K.R.D., C.R.); Department of Neuropathology, Charité Medical University, Berlin, Germany (J.L.R., F.L.H.); Department of Neurology and Center for Anatomy, Charité Medical University, Berlin, Germany (S.L.); Department of Neurosurgery, Charité Medical University, 13353 Berlin, Germany (M.S.)Present affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030 Wuhan, People's Republic of China (F.H.)
| | - Kylie R Dunning
- Cellular Neurosciences, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (F.H., O.D.a D., A.H., S.A.W., H.K.); Cancer Genetics and Cellular Stress Responses, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (Y.Y.); Mass Spectrometry, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (R.J.S., G.D.); Robinson Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia (A.K.K., K.R.D., C.R.); Department of Neuropathology, Charité Medical University, Berlin, Germany (J.L.R., F.L.H.); Department of Neurology and Center for Anatomy, Charité Medical University, Berlin, Germany (S.L.); Department of Neurosurgery, Charité Medical University, 13353 Berlin, Germany (M.S.)Present affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030 Wuhan, People's Republic of China (F.H.)
| | - Carmela Ricciardelli
- Cellular Neurosciences, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (F.H., O.D.a D., A.H., S.A.W., H.K.); Cancer Genetics and Cellular Stress Responses, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (Y.Y.); Mass Spectrometry, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (R.J.S., G.D.); Robinson Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia (A.K.K., K.R.D., C.R.); Department of Neuropathology, Charité Medical University, Berlin, Germany (J.L.R., F.L.H.); Department of Neurology and Center for Anatomy, Charité Medical University, Berlin, Germany (S.L.); Department of Neurosurgery, Charité Medical University, 13353 Berlin, Germany (M.S.)Present affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030 Wuhan, People's Republic of China (F.H.)
| | - Jan L Rinnenthal
- Cellular Neurosciences, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (F.H., O.D.a D., A.H., S.A.W., H.K.); Cancer Genetics and Cellular Stress Responses, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (Y.Y.); Mass Spectrometry, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (R.J.S., G.D.); Robinson Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia (A.K.K., K.R.D., C.R.); Department of Neuropathology, Charité Medical University, Berlin, Germany (J.L.R., F.L.H.); Department of Neurology and Center for Anatomy, Charité Medical University, Berlin, Germany (S.L.); Department of Neurosurgery, Charité Medical University, 13353 Berlin, Germany (M.S.)Present affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030 Wuhan, People's Republic of China (F.H.)
| | - Frank L Heppner
- Cellular Neurosciences, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (F.H., O.D.a D., A.H., S.A.W., H.K.); Cancer Genetics and Cellular Stress Responses, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (Y.Y.); Mass Spectrometry, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (R.J.S., G.D.); Robinson Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia (A.K.K., K.R.D., C.R.); Department of Neuropathology, Charité Medical University, Berlin, Germany (J.L.R., F.L.H.); Department of Neurology and Center for Anatomy, Charité Medical University, Berlin, Germany (S.L.); Department of Neurosurgery, Charité Medical University, 13353 Berlin, Germany (M.S.)Present affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030 Wuhan, People's Republic of China (F.H.)
| | - Seija Lehnardt
- Cellular Neurosciences, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (F.H., O.D.a D., A.H., S.A.W., H.K.); Cancer Genetics and Cellular Stress Responses, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (Y.Y.); Mass Spectrometry, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (R.J.S., G.D.); Robinson Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia (A.K.K., K.R.D., C.R.); Department of Neuropathology, Charité Medical University, Berlin, Germany (J.L.R., F.L.H.); Department of Neurology and Center for Anatomy, Charité Medical University, Berlin, Germany (S.L.); Department of Neurosurgery, Charité Medical University, 13353 Berlin, Germany (M.S.)Present affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030 Wuhan, People's Republic of China (F.H.)
| | - Michael Synowitz
- Cellular Neurosciences, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (F.H., O.D.a D., A.H., S.A.W., H.K.); Cancer Genetics and Cellular Stress Responses, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (Y.Y.); Mass Spectrometry, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (R.J.S., G.D.); Robinson Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia (A.K.K., K.R.D., C.R.); Department of Neuropathology, Charité Medical University, Berlin, Germany (J.L.R., F.L.H.); Department of Neurology and Center for Anatomy, Charité Medical University, Berlin, Germany (S.L.); Department of Neurosurgery, Charité Medical University, 13353 Berlin, Germany (M.S.)Present affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030 Wuhan, People's Republic of China (F.H.)
| | - Susanne A Wolf
- Cellular Neurosciences, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (F.H., O.D.a D., A.H., S.A.W., H.K.); Cancer Genetics and Cellular Stress Responses, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (Y.Y.); Mass Spectrometry, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (R.J.S., G.D.); Robinson Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia (A.K.K., K.R.D., C.R.); Department of Neuropathology, Charité Medical University, Berlin, Germany (J.L.R., F.L.H.); Department of Neurology and Center for Anatomy, Charité Medical University, Berlin, Germany (S.L.); Department of Neurosurgery, Charité Medical University, 13353 Berlin, Germany (M.S.)Present affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030 Wuhan, People's Republic of China (F.H.)
| | - Helmut Kettenmann
- Cellular Neurosciences, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (F.H., O.D.a D., A.H., S.A.W., H.K.); Cancer Genetics and Cellular Stress Responses, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (Y.Y.); Mass Spectrometry, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (R.J.S., G.D.); Robinson Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia (A.K.K., K.R.D., C.R.); Department of Neuropathology, Charité Medical University, Berlin, Germany (J.L.R., F.L.H.); Department of Neurology and Center for Anatomy, Charité Medical University, Berlin, Germany (S.L.); Department of Neurosurgery, Charité Medical University, 13353 Berlin, Germany (M.S.)Present affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030 Wuhan, People's Republic of China (F.H.)
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Stock K, Garthe A, de Almeida Sassi F, Glass R, Wolf SA, Kettenmann H. The Capsaicin Receptor TRPV1 as a Novel Modulator of Neural Precursor Cell Proliferation. Stem Cells 2014; 32:3183-95. [DOI: 10.1002/stem.1805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2013] [Accepted: 07/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Stock
- Cellular Neurosciences, Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC); Berlin Germany
| | - Alexander Garthe
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE); Dresden Germany
| | | | - Rainer Glass
- Neurosurgical Research, Clinic for Neurosurgery; Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich; Munich Germany
| | - Susanne A. Wolf
- Cellular Neurosciences, Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC); Berlin Germany
| | - Helmut Kettenmann
- Cellular Neurosciences, Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC); Berlin Germany
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Laverock J, Kittiwatanakul S, Zakharov AA, Niu YR, Chen B, Wolf SA, Lu JW, Smith KE. Direct observation of decoupled structural and electronic transitions and an ambient pressure monocliniclike metallic phase of VO2. Phys Rev Lett 2014; 113:216402. [PMID: 25479508 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.113.216402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We report the simultaneous measurement of the structural and electronic components of the metal-insulator transition (MIT) of VO2 using electron and photoelectron spectroscopies and microscopies. We show that these evolve over different temperature scales, and are separated by an unusual monocliniclike metallic phase. Our results provide conclusive evidence that the new monocliniclike metallic phase, recently identified in high-pressure and nonequilibrium measurements, is accessible in the thermodynamic transition at ambient pressure, and we discuss the implications of these observations on the nature of the MIT in VO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Laverock
- Department of Physics, Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - S Kittiwatanakul
- Department of Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - A A Zakharov
- MAX-lab, Lund University, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Y R Niu
- MAX-lab, Lund University, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - B Chen
- Department of Physics, Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - S A Wolf
- Department of Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - J W Lu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - K E Smith
- Department of Physics, Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA and School of Chemical Sciences and MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
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Hu F, Ku MC, Markovic D, Dzaye ODA, Lehnardt S, Synowitz M, Wolf SA, Kettenmann H. Glioma-associated microglial MMP9 expression is upregulated by TLR2 signaling and sensitive to minocycline. Int J Cancer 2014; 135:2569-78. [PMID: 24752463 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.28908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2014] [Accepted: 04/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The invasiveness of malignant gliomas is one of the major obstacles in glioma therapy and the reason for the poor survival of patients. Glioma cells infiltrate into the brain parenchyma and thereby escape surgical resection. Glioma associated microglia/macrophages support glioma infiltration into the brain parenchyma by increased expression and activation of extracellular matrix degrading proteases such as matrix metalloprotease (MMP) 2, MMP9 and membrane-type 1 MMP. In this work we demonstrate that, MMP9 is predominantly expressed by glioma associated microglia/macrophages in mouse and human glioma tissue but not by the glioma cells. Supernatant from glioma cells induced the expression of MMP9 in cultured microglial cells. Using mice deficient for different Toll-like receptors we identified Toll-like receptor 2/6 as the signaling pathway for the glioma induced upregulation of microglial MMP9. Also in an experimental mouse glioma model, Toll-like receptor 2 deficiency attenuated the upregulation of microglial MMP9. Moreover, glioma supernatant triggered an upregulation of Toll-like receptor 2 expression in microglia. Both, the upregulation of MMP9 and Toll-like receptor 2 were attenuated by the antibiotic minocycline and a p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase antagonist in vitro. Minocycline also extended the survival rate of glioma bearing mice when given to the drinking water. Thus glioma cells change the phenotype of glioma associated microglia/macrophages in a complex fashion using Toll-like receptor 2 as an important signaling pathway and minocycline further proved to be a potential candidate for adjuvant glioma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Hu
- Cellular Neurosciences, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, 13125, Berlin, Germany
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Mattei D, Djodari-Irani A, Hadar R, Pelz A, de Cossío LF, Goetz T, Matyash M, Kettenmann H, Winter C, Wolf SA. Minocycline rescues decrease in neurogenesis, increase in microglia cytokines and deficits in sensorimotor gating in an animal model of schizophrenia. Brain Behav Immun 2014; 38:175-84. [PMID: 24509090 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2014.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2013] [Revised: 01/06/2014] [Accepted: 01/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Adult neurogenesis in the hippocampus is impaired in schizophrenic patients and in an animal model of schizophrenia. Amongst a plethora of regulators, the immune system has been shown repeatedly to strongly modulate neurogenesis under physiological and pathological conditions. It is well accepted, that schizophrenic patients have an aberrant peripheral immune status, which is also reflected in the animal model. The microglia as the intrinsic immune competent cells of the brain have recently come into focus as possible therapeutic targets in schizophrenia. We here used a maternal immune stimulation rodent model of schizophrenia in which polyinosinic-polycytidilic acid (Poly I:C) was injected into pregnant rats to mimic an anti-viral immune response. We identified microglia IL-1β and TNF-α increase constituting the factors correlating best with decreases in net-neurogenesis and impairment in pre-pulse inhibition of a startle response in the Poly I:C model. Treatment with the antibiotic minocycline (3mg/kg/day) normalized microglial cytokine production in the hippocampus and rescued neurogenesis and behavior. We could also show that enhanced microglial TNF-α and IL-1β production in the hippocampus was accompanied by a decrease in the pro-proliferative TNFR2 receptor expression on neuronal progenitor cells, which could be attenuated by minocycline. These findings strongly support the idea to use anti-inflammatory drugs to target microglia activation as an adjunctive therapy in schizophrenic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Mattei
- Max-Delbrück-Center of Molecular Medicine, Cellular Neuroscience, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Anaïs Djodari-Irani
- Max-Delbrück-Center of Molecular Medicine, Cellular Neuroscience, 13125 Berlin, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charité Campus Mitte, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ravit Hadar
- University Hospital, Clinic for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Experimental Psychiatry, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Andreas Pelz
- Max-Delbrück-Center of Molecular Medicine, Cellular Neuroscience, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Thomas Goetz
- University Hospital, Clinic for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Experimental Psychiatry, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Marina Matyash
- Max-Delbrück-Center of Molecular Medicine, Cellular Neuroscience, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Helmut Kettenmann
- Max-Delbrück-Center of Molecular Medicine, Cellular Neuroscience, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christine Winter
- University Hospital, Clinic for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Experimental Psychiatry, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Susanne A Wolf
- Max-Delbrück-Center of Molecular Medicine, Cellular Neuroscience, 13125 Berlin, Germany.
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Pannell M, Szulzewsky F, Matyash V, Wolf SA, Kettenmann H. The subpopulation of microglia sensitive to neurotransmitters/neurohormones is modulated by stimulation with LPS, interferon-γ, and IL-4. Glia 2014; 62:667-79. [PMID: 24504982 DOI: 10.1002/glia.22633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2013] [Revised: 12/05/2013] [Accepted: 01/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Recently, neurotransmitters/neurohormones have been identified as factors controlling the function of microglia, the immune competent cells of the central nervous system. In this study, we compared the responsiveness of microglia to neurotransmitters/neurohormones. We freshly isolated microglia from healthy adult C57Bl/6 mice and found that only a small fraction (1-20%) responded to the application of endothelin, histamine, substance P, serotonin, galanin, somatostatin, angiotensin II, vasopressin, neurotensin, dopamine, or nicotine. In cultured microglia from neonatal and adult mice, a similarly small population of cells responded to these neurotransmitters/neurohormones. To induce a proinflammatory phenotype, we applied lipopolysaccaride (LPS) or interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) to the cultures for 24 h. Several of the responding populations increased; however, there was no uniform pattern when comparing adult with neonatal microglia or LPS with IFN-γ treatment. IL-4 as an anti-inflammatory substance increased the histamine-, substance P-, and somatostatin-sensitive populations only in microglia from adult, but not in neonatal cells. We also found that the expression of different receptors was not strongly correlated, indicating that there are many different populations of microglia with a distinct set of receptors. Our results demonstrate that microglial cells are a heterogeneous population with respect to their sensitivity to neurotransmitters/neurohormones and that they are more responsive in defined activation states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Pannell
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin-Buch, Germany
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34
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Langenfurth A, Rinnenthal JL, Vinnakota K, Prinz V, Carlo AS, Stadelmann C, Siffrin V, Peaschke S, Endres M, Heppner F, Glass R, Wolf SA, Kettenmann H. Membrane-type 1 metalloproteinase is upregulated in microglia/brain macrophages in neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory diseases. J Neurosci Res 2013; 92:275-86. [DOI: 10.1002/jnr.23288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2013] [Revised: 06/14/2013] [Accepted: 07/25/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anika Langenfurth
- Cellular Neurosciences; Max Delbrück Centre for Molecular Medicine; Berlin Germany
- Department of Neurology; Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Charité Campus Virchow Berlin Germany
| | - Jan Leo Rinnenthal
- Institute for Neuropathology; Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Charité Campus Mitte Berlin Germany
| | - Katyayni Vinnakota
- Cellular Neurosciences; Max Delbrück Centre for Molecular Medicine; Berlin Germany
| | - Vincent Prinz
- Department of Neurology and Center for Stroke Research Berlin; Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Charité Campus Mitte Berlin Germany
- Department of Neurosurgery; Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Charité Campus Virchow Berlin Germany
| | - Anne-Sophie Carlo
- Molecular Cardiovascular Research; Max Delbrück Centre for Molecular Medicine; Berlin Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology; Berlin Germany
| | | | - Volker Siffrin
- Department of Neurology; University Medical Center Mainz; Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz; Mainz Germany
| | - Susann Peaschke
- Cellular Neurosciences; Max Delbrück Centre for Molecular Medicine; Berlin Germany
| | - Matthias Endres
- Department of Neurology; Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Charité Campus Virchow Berlin Germany
- Department of Neurology and Center for Stroke Research Berlin; Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Charité Campus Mitte Berlin Germany
| | - Frank Heppner
- Institute for Neuropathology; Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Charité Campus Mitte Berlin Germany
| | - Rainer Glass
- Neurosurgical Research; University Clinics Munich (LMU); Munich Germany
| | - Susanne A. Wolf
- Cellular Neurosciences; Max Delbrück Centre for Molecular Medicine; Berlin Germany
| | - Helmut Kettenmann
- Cellular Neurosciences; Max Delbrück Centre for Molecular Medicine; Berlin Germany
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Vinnakota K, Hu F, Ku MC, Georgieva PB, Szulzewsky F, Pohlmann A, Waiczies S, Waiczies H, Niendorf T, Lehnardt S, Hanisch UK, Synowitz M, Markovic D, Wolf SA, Glass R, Kettenmann H. Toll-like receptor 2 mediates microglia/brain macrophage MT1-MMP expression and glioma expansion. Neuro Oncol 2013; 15:1457-68. [PMID: 24014382 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/not115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastomas are the most aggressive primary brain tumors in humans. Microglia/brain macrophage accumulation in and around the tumor correlates with malignancy and poor clinical prognosis of these tumors. We have previously shown that microglia promote glioma expansion through upregulation of membrane type 1 matrix metalloprotease (MT1-MMP). This upregulation depends on signaling via the Toll-like receptor (TLR) adaptor molecule myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 (MyD88). METHODS Using in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo techniques, we identified TLR2 as the main TLR controlling microglial MT1-MMP expression and promoting microglia-assisted glioma expansion. RESULTS The implantation of mouse GL261 glioma cells into TLR2 knockout mice resulted in significantly smaller tumors, reduced MT1-MMP expression, and enhanced survival rates compared with wild-type control mice. Tumor expansion studied in organotypic brain slices depended on both parenchymal TLR2 expression and the presence of microglia. Glioma-derived soluble factors and synthetic TLR2 specific ligands induced MT1-MMP expression in microglia from wild-type mice, but no such change in MT1-MMP gene expression was observed in microglia from TLR2 knockout mice. We also found evidence that TLR1 and TLR6 cofunction with TLR2 as heterodimers in regulating MT1-MMP expression in vitro. CONCLUSIONS Our results thus show that activation of TLR2 along with TLRs 1 and/or 6 converts microglia into a glioma supportive phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katyayni Vinnakota
- Corresponding Author: Prof Dr Helmut Kettenmann, PhD, Cellular Neurosciences, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany.
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Liu MK, Wagner M, Abreu E, Kittiwatanakul S, McLeod A, Fei Z, Goldflam M, Dai S, Fogler MM, Lu J, Wolf SA, Averitt RD, Basov DN. Anisotropic electronic state via spontaneous phase separation in strained vanadium dioxide films. Phys Rev Lett 2013; 111:096602. [PMID: 24033058 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.111.096602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We resolved the enigma of anisotropic electronic transport in strained vanadium dioxide (VO2) films by inquiring into the role that strain plays in the nanoscale phase separation in the vicinity of the insulator-to-metal transition. The root source of the anisotropy was visualized as the formation of a peculiar unidirectional stripe state which accompanies the phase transition. Furthermore, nanoscale infrared spectroscopy unveils distinct facets of electron-lattice interplay at three different stages of the phase transition. These stages include the initial formation of sparse nonpercolating metallic domains without noticeable involvement of the lattice followed by an electron-lattice coupled anisotropic stripe state close to percolation which ultimately evolves into a nearly isotropic rutile metallic phase. Our results provide a unique mesoscopic perspective for the tunable macroscopic phenomena in strained metal oxide films.
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Affiliation(s)
- M K Liu
- Department of Physics, The University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
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Laverock J, Chen B, Smith KE, Singh RP, Balakrishnan G, Gu M, Lu JW, Wolf SA, Qiao RM, Yang W, Adell J. Resonant soft-X-ray emission as a bulk probe of correlated electron behavior in metallic SrxCa1-xVO3. Phys Rev Lett 2013; 111:047402. [PMID: 23931404 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.111.047402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The evolution of electron correlation in SrxCa1-xVO3 has been studied using a combination of bulk-sensitive resonant soft x-ray emission spectroscopy, surface-sensitive photoemission spectroscopy, and ab initio band structure calculations. We show that the effect of electron correlation is enhanced at the surface. Strong incoherent Hubbard subbands are found to lie ∼20% closer in energy to the coherent quasiparticle features in surface-sensitive photoemission spectroscopy measurements compared with those from bulk-sensitive resonant soft x-ray emission spectroscopy, and a ∼10% narrowing of the overall bandwidth at the surface is also observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Laverock
- Department of Physics, Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
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Ku MC, Wolf SA, Respondek D, Matyash V, Pohlmann A, Waiczies S, Waiczies H, Niendorf T, Synowitz M, Glass R, Kettenmann H. GDNF mediates glioblastoma-induced microglia attraction but not astrogliosis. Acta Neuropathol 2013; 125:609-20. [PMID: 23344256 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-013-1079-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2012] [Accepted: 01/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
High-grade gliomas are the most common primary brain tumors. Their malignancy is promoted by the complex crosstalk between different cell types in the central nervous system. Microglia/brain macrophages infiltrate high-grade gliomas and contribute to their progression. To identify factors that mediate the attraction of microglia/macrophages to malignant brain tumors, we established a glioma cell encapsulation model that was applied in vivo. Mouse GL261 glioma cell line and human high-grade glioma cells were seeded into hollow fibers (HF) that allow the passage of soluble molecules but not cells. The glioma cell containing HF were implanted into one brain hemisphere and simultaneously HF with non-transformed fibroblasts (controls) were introduced into the contralateral hemisphere. Implanted mouse and human glioma- but not fibroblast-containing HF attracted microglia and up-regulated immunoreactivity for GFAP, which is a marker of astrogliosis. In this study, we identified GDNF as an important factor for microglial attraction: (1) GL261 and human glioma cells secret GDNF, (2) reduced GDNF production by siRNA in GL261 in mouse glioma cells diminished attraction of microglia, (3) over-expression of GDNF in fibroblasts promoted microglia attraction in our HF assay. In vitro migration assays also showed that GDNF is a strong chemoattractant for microglia. While GDNF release from human or mouse glioma had a profound effect on microglial attraction, the glioma-induced astrogliosis was not affected. Finally, we could show that injection of GL261 mouse glioma cells with GDNF knockdown by shRNA into mouse brains resulted in reduced tumor expansion and improved survival as compared to injection of control cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Chi Ku
- Department of Cellular Neuroscience, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Robert Rössle Str. 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
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Wang L, Radue E, Kittiwatanakul S, Clavero C, Lu J, Wolf SA, Novikova I, Lukaszew RA. Surface plasmon polaritons in VO2 thin films for tunable low-loss plasmonic applications. Opt Lett 2012; 37:4335-4337. [PMID: 23073454 DOI: 10.1364/ol.37.004335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We report on the first observation of optically excited surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) in the conducting phase of vanadium dioxide (VO(2)) thin films. VO(2) is low-loss optical material that undergoes an insulator-metal transition (IMT) under suitable thermal, optical, or electrical stimulation, thus enabling tunable SPP excitation of the conducting phase. Here we applied IR light (1520 nm) to excite SPPs while thermally inducing the IMT by changing the VO(2) temperature, and observed a clear trend from nonabsorption in the insulator phase to high absorption in the conducting phase due to SPP excitation in the latter phase. Tunable SPPs in VO(2) enable a range of opportunities for low-loss optoplasmonic applications since the rate of the IMT excitation can also be tailored.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Wang
- Department of Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187, USA.
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Melnik A, Tauber S, Dumrese C, Ullrich O, Wolf SA. Murine adult neural progenitor cells alter their proliferative behavior and gene expression after the activation of Toll-like-receptor 3. Eur J Microbiol Immunol (Bp) 2012; 2:239-48. [PMID: 24688771 DOI: 10.1556/eujmi.2.2012.3.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2012] [Accepted: 06/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Viral infections during pregnancy significantly increase the risk for psychological pathologies like schizophrenia in the offspring. One of the main morphological hallmarks of schizophrenia is a reduced size of the hippocampus. Since new neurons are produced in this particular brain compartment throughout life, it might be possible that low neurogenesis levels triggered by a maternal viral infection contribute to developmental deficits of the hippocampus. We injected polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (Poly I:C) in pregnant C57Bl/6 mice to stimulate an anti-viral response through TLR3 and examined gene expressions in the neuronal progenitor cells (NPCs) of the offspring at different ages. Additionally, we treated adult NPC lines with Poly I:C to investigate its direct effect. We could show for the first time that TLR3 and its downstream effector molecule IRF3 are expressed in adult NPCs. Poly I:C treatment in vitro and in vivo led to the regulation of proliferation and genes involved in antiviral response, migration, and survival. These findings indicate that NPCs of the fetus are able to react towards an in utero immune response, and thus, changes in the neuronal stem cell pool can contribute to the development of neurological diseases like schizophrenia.
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Kempermann G, Fabel K, Ehninger D, Babu H, Leal-Galicia P, Garthe A, Wolf SA. Why and how physical activity promotes experience-induced brain plasticity. Front Neurosci 2010; 4:189. [PMID: 21151782 PMCID: PMC3000002 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2010.00189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 203] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2010] [Accepted: 10/23/2010] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult hippocampal neurogenesis is an unusual case of brain plasticity, since new neurons (and not just neurites and synapses) are added to the network in an activity-dependent way. At the behavioral level the plasticity-inducing stimuli include both physical and cognitive activity. In reductionistic animal studies these types of activity can be studied separately in paradigms like voluntary wheel running and environmental enrichment. In both of these, adult neurogenesis is increased but the net effect is primarily due to different mechanisms at the cellular level. Locomotion appears to stimulate the precursor cells, from which adult neurogenesis originates, to increased proliferation and maintenance over time, whereas environmental enrichment, as well as learning, predominantly promotes survival of immature neurons, that is the progeny of the proliferating precursor cells. Surprisingly, these effects are additive: boosting the potential for adult neurogenesis by physical activity increases the recruitment of cells following cognitive stimulation in an enriched environment. Why is that? We argue that locomotion actually serves as an intrinsic feedback mechanism, signaling to the brain, including its neural precursor cells, increasing the likelihood of cognitive challenges. In the wild (other than in front of a TV), no separation of physical and cognitive activity occurs. Physical activity might thus be much more than a generally healthy garnish to leading "an active life" but an evolutionarily fundamental aspect of "activity," which is needed to provide the brain and its systems of plastic adaptation with the appropriate regulatory input and feedback.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerd Kempermann
- Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, German Research FoundationDresden, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative DiseasesDresden, Germany
| | - Klaus Fabel
- Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, German Research FoundationDresden, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative DiseasesDresden, Germany
| | - Dan Ehninger
- German Center for Neurodegenerative DiseasesBonn, Germany
| | - Harish Babu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford UniversityStanford, CA, USA
| | - Perla Leal-Galicia
- Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, German Research FoundationDresden, Germany
| | - Alexander Garthe
- Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, German Research FoundationDresden, Germany
| | - Susanne A. Wolf
- Department of Cell and Neurobiology, Institute of Anatomy, University ZürichZürich, Switzerland
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Huehnchen P, Prozorovski T, Klaissle P, Lesemann A, Ingwersen J, Wolf SA, Kupsch A, Aktas O, Steiner B. Modulation of adult hippocampal neurogenesis during myelin-directed autoimmune neuroinflammation. Glia 2010; 59:132-42. [DOI: 10.1002/glia.21082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2010] [Accepted: 08/31/2010] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Wolf SA, Bick-Sander A, Fabel K, Leal-Galicia P, Tauber S, Ramirez-Rodriguez G, Müller A, Melnik A, Waltinger TP, Ullrich O, Kempermann G. Cannabinoid receptor CB1 mediates baseline and activity-induced survival of new neurons in adult hippocampal neurogenesis. Cell Commun Signal 2010; 8:12. [PMID: 20565726 PMCID: PMC2898685 DOI: 10.1186/1478-811x-8-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2009] [Accepted: 06/17/2010] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Adult neurogenesis is a particular example of brain plasticity that is partially modulated by the endocannabinoid system. Whereas the impact of synthetic cannabinoids on the neuronal progenitor cells has been described, there has been lack of information about the action of plant-derived extracts on neurogenesis. Therefore we here focused on the effects of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and Cannabidiol (CBD) fed to female C57Bl/6 and Nestin-GFP-reporter mice on proliferation and maturation of neuronal progenitor cells and spatial learning performance. In addition we used cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1) deficient mice and treatment with CB1 antagonist AM251 in Nestin-GFP-reporter mice to investigate the role of the CB1 receptor in adult neurogenesis in detail. Results THC and CBD differed in their effects on spatial learning and adult neurogenesis. CBD did not impair learning but increased adult neurogenesis, whereas THC reduced learning without affecting adult neurogenesis. We found the neurogenic effect of CBD to be dependent on the CB1 receptor, which is expressed over the whole dentate gyrus. Similarly, the neurogenic effect of environmental enrichment and voluntary wheel running depends on the presence of the CB1 receptor. We found that in the absence of CB1 receptors, cell proliferation was increased and neuronal differentiation reduced, which could be related to CB1 receptor mediated signaling in Doublecortin (DCX)-expressing intermediate progenitor cells. Conclusion CB1 affected the stages of adult neurogenesis that involve intermediate highly proliferative progenitor cells and the survival and maturation of new neurons. The pro-neurogenic effects of CBD might explain some of the positive therapeutic features of CBD-based compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne A Wolf
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) Berlin-Buch, and Volkswagenstiftung Research Group, Department of Experimental Neurology, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany.
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Wolf SA, Kubatschek K, Henry M, Harth S, Ebert AD, Wallesch CW. [Informant report of cognitive changes in the elderly. A first evaluation of the German version of the IQCODE]. Nervenarzt 2010; 80:1176, 1178-80, 1182-9. [PMID: 19547946 DOI: 10.1007/s00115-009-2794-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive deficits occurring with dementia are frequently not reported by the affected subject. Therefore, informant reports from close relatives are especially important for the early diagnosis of dementia. Internationally, the Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly (IQCODE) has been evaluated with positive results and is a widely used informant-rated instrument for the diagnosis of cognitive decline. For the German speaking countries, norms and evaluation of the psychometric properties of the instrument are lacking. METHODS Norms for the German long version of the IQCODE were established with 46 healthy elderly married couples. These were compared with respect to their concurrent and discriminative validity with groups of patients suffering from mild cognitive impairment (MCI, n=25), Alzheimer's or mixed dementia (AD, n=59) and frontotemporal lobe degeneration (FTLD, n=15). RESULTS The German version of the IQCODE exhibited good psychometric properties and was able to best discriminate between cognitively intact and demented subjects with AD. Receiver-operating characteristic analyses indicated a cut-off score of 3.38 which corresponds well with the value given in international literature. Patients with MCI and with FTLD were also reliably distinguished from cognitively intact subjects. However, the instrument did not distinguish AD from FTLD with any significant degree of confidence. DISCUSSION The German version of the IQCODE reliably discriminates cognitively intact persons from those suffering from MCI or cortical dementia, but not between different types of cortical dementia, such as AD and FTLD. The IQCODE is an efficient informant-rated screening instrument for the early diagnosis of cognitive decline and dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Wolf
- Institut für Klinische Psychologie, Bürgerhospital, Tunzhofer Strasse 14-16, 70191, Stuttgart, Deutschland.
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Fabel K, Wolf SA, Ehninger D, Babu H, Leal-Galicia P, Kempermann G. Additive effects of physical exercise and environmental enrichment on adult hippocampal neurogenesis in mice. Front Neurosci 2009; 3:50. [PMID: 20582277 PMCID: PMC2858601 DOI: 10.3389/neuro.22.002.2009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2009] [Accepted: 10/09/2009] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Voluntary physical exercise (wheel running, RUN) and environmental enrichment both stimulate adult hippocampal neurogenesis but do so by different mechanisms. RUN induces precursor cell proliferation, whereas ENR exerts a survival-promoting effect on newborn cells. In addition, continued RUN prevented the physiologically occurring age-related decline in precursor cell in the dentate gyrus but did not lead to a corresponding increase in net neurogenesis. We hypothesized that in the absence of appropriate cognitive stimuli the potential for neurogenesis could not be realized but that an increased potential by proliferating precursor cells due to RUN could actually lead to more adult neurogenesis if an appropriate survival-promoting stimulus follows the exercise. We thus asked whether a sequential combination of RUN and ENR (RUNENR) would show additive effects that are distinct from the application of either paradigm alone. We found that the effects of 10 days of RUN followed by 35 days of ENR were additive in that the combined stimulation yielded an approximately 30% greater increase in new neurons than either stimulus alone, which also increased neurogenesis. Surprisingly, this result indicates that although overall the amount of proliferating cells in the dentate gyrus is poorly predictive of net adult neurogenesis, an increased neurogenic potential nevertheless provides the basis for a greater efficiency of the same survival-promoting stimulus. We thus propose that physical activity can “prime” the neurogenic region of the dentate gyrus for increased neurogenesis in the case the animal is exposed to an additional cognitive stimulus, here represented by the enrichment paradigm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaus Fabel
- CRTD - DFG Research Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Germany
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Abstract
Neuropsychological differential diagnosis of degenerative dementias is characterized by high sensitivity and specificity which allows syndrome assignment in most instances in early stages. According to the empirical evidence, Alzheimer's disease can be discriminated from frontotemporal lobar degeneration and from vascular dementia by quality and severity of memory deficits and also by the presence of visuo-perceptive and visuo-constructive deficits. In frontotemporal lobar degeneration and vascular dementia executive dysfunctions predominate in most controlled empirical studies. Moreover, in frontotemporal lobar degeneration severe aphasic and semantic impairments can be observed. Neuropsychological assessment contributes to the early detection, differential diagnosis and evidence-based treatment of dementia syndromes to a considerable extent. Once more specific treatments are available, the early differential diagnosis of degenerative dementias will become highly important.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Wolf
- Klinik für Neurologie, Universitätsklinikum Magdeburg.
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Wolf SA, Steiner B, Wengner A, Lipp M, Kammertoens T, Kempermann G. Adaptive peripheral immune response increases proliferation of neural precursor cells in the adult hippocampus. FASEB J 2009; 23:3121-8. [PMID: 19433626 DOI: 10.1096/fj.08-113944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
To understand the link between peripheral immune activation and neuronal precursor biology, we investigated the effect of T-cell activation on adult hippocampal neurogenesis in female C57Bl/6 mice. A peripheral adaptive immune response triggered by adjuvant-induced rheumatoid arthritis (2 microg/microl methylated BSA) or staphylococcus enterotoxin B (EC(50) of 0.25 microg/ml per 20 g body weight) was associated with a transient increase in hippocampal precursor cell proliferation and neurogenesis as assessed by immunohistochemistry and confocal microscopy. Both treatments were paralleled by an increase in corticosterone levels in the hippocampus 1- to 2-fold over the physiological amount measured by quantitative radioimmunoassay. In contrast, intraperitoneal administration of the innate immune response activator lipopolysaccaride (EC(50) of 0.5 microg/ml per 20 g body weight) led to a chronic 5-fold increase of hippocampal glucocorticoid levels and a decrease of adult neurogenesis. In vitro exposure of murine neuronal progenitor cells to corticosterone triggered either cell death at high (1.5 nM) or proliferation at low (0.25 nM) concentrations. This effect could be blocked using a viral vector system expressing a transdomain of the glucocorticoid receptor. We suggest an evolutionary relevant communication route for the brain to respond to environmental stressors like inflammation mediated by glucocorticoid levels in the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne A Wolf
- Neuronal Stem Cells Research Group, Max Delbrück Centre for Molecular Medicine, Berlin-Buch, Germany
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Wolf SA, Steiner B, Akpinarli A, Kammertoens T, Nassenstein C, Braun A, Blankenstein T, Kempermann G. CD4-positive T lymphocytes provide a neuroimmunological link in the control of adult hippocampal neurogenesis. J Immunol 2009; 182:3979-84. [PMID: 19299695 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.0801218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Adult hippocampal neurogenesis occurs in an exceptional permissive microenvironment. Neuroimmunological mechanisms might be prominently involved in the endogenous homeostatic principles that control baseline levels of adult neurogenesis. We show in this study that this homeostasis is partially dependent on CD4-positive T lymphocytes. Systemic depletion of CD4-positive T lymphocytes led to significantly reduced hippocampal neurogenesis, impaired reversal learning in the Morris water maze, and decreased brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression in the brain. No such effect of CD8 or B cells was observed. Repopulation of RAG2(-/-) mice with CD4, but not with CD8 cells again increased precursor cell proliferation. The T cells in our experiments were non-CNS specific and rarely detectable in the healthy brain. Thus, we can exclude cell-cell contacts between immune and brain cells or lymphocyte infiltration into the CNS as a prerequisite for an effect of CD4-T cells on neurogenesis. We propose that systemic CD4-T cell activity is required for maintaining cellular plasticity in the adult hippocampus and represents an evolutionary relevant communication route for the brain to respond to environmental changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne A Wolf
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Experimental Neurology, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany
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Abstract
To avoid inflammatory escalation, the central nervous system (CNS) harbors an impressive arsenal of cellular and molecular mechanisms enabling strict control of immune reactions. We here summarize studies suggesting that the old paradigm of the "CNS immune privilege" is overly simplistic. The immune system is allowed to keep the CNS under surveillance, but in a strictly controlled, limited and well-regulated manner. The first line of defense lies outside the brain parenchyma to spare neuronal tissue from the detrimental effects of an inflammatory immune response. As a second line of defense neuroinflammation is unavoidable when pathogens infiltrate the brain or the CNS-immune-homeostasis fails. Inflammation in the CNS is often accompanied by divers brain pathologies. We here review recent strategies to maintain brain homeostasis and modulate neuroinflammation. We focus on Multiple Sclerosis as an example of a complex neuroinflammatory disease. In the past years, several in vitro, in vivo and clinical studies suggested that the endocannabinoid system participates crucially in the immune control and protection of the CNS. We discuss here the endocannabinoid system as a key regulator mechanism of the cross talk between brain and the immune system as well as its potential as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne A Wolf
- Department of Cell- and Neurobiology, Institute of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, Switzerland
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Abstract
Whereas, in most brain compartments, neuronal cell renewal during early life is replaced by synaptic plasticity and the potentiation of existing pathways and connections, neurogenesis in the hippocampus occurs throughout adulthood. Neuronal progenitor cells in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus are thought to be the gatekeepers of memory. Neural progenitor cell proliferation and differentiation depends on their intrinsic properties and local environment and is down-regulated in conditions associated with brain inflammation. Conversely, newly-formed neurones can survive despite chronic inflammation and, moreover, specifically arise within an inflammatory environment. Since the endocannabinoid system controls immune responses via multiple cellular and molecular targets and influences cell proliferation, fate decision and cell survival in the central nervous system, we summarise how neurogenesis might be regulated by brain cannabinoids, either directly or indirectly via the immune system. This review presents clear evidence that the cannabinoid system influences adult neurogenesis. However, there is considerable variability with regard to the strain, model and methods utilised and therefore it is difficult to compare studies investigating the cannabinoid system. As a result, it remains far from clear exactly how endocannabinoids regulate neurogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Wolf
- Department of Cell and Neurobiology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Anatomy, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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