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Lin HY, M Hosseini M, McClatchy J, Villamor-Payà M, Jeng S, Bottomly D, Tsai CF, Posso C, Jacobson J, Adey AC, Gosline SJC, Liu T, McWeeney SK, Stracker TH, Agarwal A. The TLK-ASF1 histone chaperone pathway plays a critical role in IL-1b-mediated AML progression. Blood 2024:blood.2023022079. [PMID: 38498025 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2023022079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Identifying and targeting microenvironment-driven pathways that are active across acute myeloid leukemia (AML) genetic subtypes should allow the development of more broadly effective therapies. The pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1 is abundant in the AML microenvironment and promotes leukemic growth. Through RNA-sequencing analysis, we identify that IL-1 upregulated ASF1B (anti-silencing function-1B), a histone chaperone, in AML progenitors compared to healthy progenitors. ASF1B, along with its paralogous protein ASF1A recruits H3-H4 histones onto the replication fork during S-phase, a process regulated by tousled-like kinase 1 and 2 (TLKs). While ASF1s and TLKs are known to be overexpressed in multiple solid tumors and associated with poor prognosis, their functional roles in hematopoiesis and inflammation-driven leukemia remain unexplored. In this study, we identify that ASF1s and TLKs are over-expressed in multiple genetic subtypes of AML. We demonstrate that depletion of ASF1s significantly reduces leukemic cell growth in both in vitro and in vivo models using human cells. Using a murine model we show that overexpression of ASF1B accelerates leukemia progression. Moreover, Asf1b or Tlk2 deletion delayed leukemia progression while these proteins are dispensable for normal hematopoiesis. Through proteomics and phosphoproteomics analyses, we uncover that the TLK-ASF1 pathway promotes leukemogenesis by impacting the cell cycle and DNA damage pathways. Collectively, our findings identify the TLK1-ASF1 pathway as a novel mediator of inflammatory signaling and a promising therapeutic target for AML treatment across diverse genetic subtypes. Selective inhibition of this pathway offers potential opportunities to intervene effectively, address intratumoral heterogeneity, and ultimately improve clinical outcomes in AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Yun Lin
- Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States
| | - Mona M Hosseini
- Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States
| | - John McClatchy
- Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States
| | | | - Sophia Jeng
- Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, United States
| | - Daniel Bottomly
- Oregon Health & Science University,Knight Cancer Institute, Portland, Oregon, United States
| | - Chia-Feng Tsai
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, United States
| | - Camilo Posso
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, United States
| | - Jeremy Jacobson
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, United States
| | - Andrew C Adey
- Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States
| | - Sara J C Gosline
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, United States
| | - Tao Liu
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
| | | | | | - Anupriya Agarwal
- Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States
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2
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Serra-Bardenys G, Blanco E, Escudero-Iriarte C, Serra-Camprubí Q, Querol J, Pascual-Reguant L, Morancho B, Escorihuela M, Tissera NS, Sabé A, Martín L, Segura-Bayona S, Verde G, Aiese Cigliano R, Millanes-Romero A, Jerónimo C, Cebrià-Costa JP, Nuciforo P, Simonetti S, Viaplana C, Dienstmann R, Oliveira M, Peg V, Stracker TH, Arribas J, Canals F, Villanueva J, Di Croce L, García de Herreros A, Tian TV, Peiró S. LOXL2-mediated chromatin compaction is required to maintain the oncogenic properties of triple-negative breast cancer cells. FEBS J 2024. [PMID: 38451841 DOI: 10.1111/febs.17112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Oxidation of histone H3 at lysine 4 (H3K4ox) is catalyzed by lysyl oxidase homolog 2 (LOXL2). This histone modification is enriched in heterochromatin in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells and has been linked to the maintenance of compacted chromatin. However, the molecular mechanism underlying this maintenance is still unknown. Here, we show that LOXL2 interacts with RuvB-Like 1 (RUVBL1), RuvB-Like 2 (RUVBL2), Actin-like protein 6A (ACTL6A), and DNA methyltransferase 1associated protein 1 (DMAP1), a complex involved in the incorporation of the histone variant H2A.Z. Our experiments indicate that this interaction and the active form of RUVBL2 are required to maintain LOXL2-dependent chromatin compaction. Genome-wide experiments showed that H2A.Z, RUVBL2, and H3K4ox colocalize in heterochromatin regions. In the absence of LOXL2 or RUVBL2, global levels of the heterochromatin histone mark H3K9me3 were strongly reduced, and the ATAC-seq signal in the H3K9me3 regions was increased. Finally, we observed that the interplay between these series of events is required to maintain H3K4ox-enriched heterochromatin regions, which in turn is key for maintaining the oncogenic properties of the TNBC cell line tested (MDA-MB-231).
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Serra-Bardenys
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
- Institut Bonanova FP Sanitaria, Consorci Mar Parc de Salut de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Enrique Blanco
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Spain
| | | | | | - Jessica Querol
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Pascual-Reguant
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Anna Sabé
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Luna Martín
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Gaetano Verde
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Alba Millanes-Romero
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona) and Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Spain
| | - Celia Jerónimo
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Spain
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Canada
| | | | - Paolo Nuciforo
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sara Simonetti
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Mafalda Oliveira
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
- Medical Oncology Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vicente Peg
- Medical Oncology Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Oncología (CIBERONC), Barcelona, Spain
- Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Travis H Stracker
- Radiation Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Joaquín Arribas
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
- Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
- Programa de Recerca en Càncer, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesc Canals
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Luciano Di Croce
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio García de Herreros
- Programa de Recerca en Càncer, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Tian V Tian
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sandra Peiró
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
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3
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Stracker TH, Osagie OI, Escorcia FE, Citrin DE. Exploiting the DNA Damage Response for Prostate Cancer Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 16:83. [PMID: 38201511 PMCID: PMC10777950 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16010083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancers that progress despite androgen deprivation develop into castration-resistant prostate cancer, a fatal disease with few treatment options. In this review, we discuss the current understanding of prostate cancer subtypes and alterations in the DNA damage response (DDR) that can predispose to the development of prostate cancer and affect its progression. We identify barriers to conventional treatments, such as radiotherapy, and discuss the development of new therapies, many of which target the DDR or take advantage of recurring genetic alterations in the DDR. We place this in the context of advances in understanding the genetic variation and immune landscape of CRPC that could help guide their use in future treatment strategies. Finally, we discuss several new and emerging agents that may advance the treatment of lethal disease, highlighting selected clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Travis H. Stracker
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (O.I.O.); (F.E.E.); (D.E.C.)
| | - Oloruntoba I. Osagie
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (O.I.O.); (F.E.E.); (D.E.C.)
| | - Freddy E. Escorcia
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (O.I.O.); (F.E.E.); (D.E.C.)
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Deborah E. Citrin
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (O.I.O.); (F.E.E.); (D.E.C.)
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4
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Basu S, Martínez-Cristóbal P, Frigolé-Vivas M, Pesarrodona M, Lewis M, Szulc E, Bañuelos CA, Sánchez-Zarzalejo C, Bielskutė S, Zhu J, Pombo-García K, Garcia-Cabau C, Zodi L, Dockx H, Smak J, Kaur H, Batlle C, Mateos B, Biesaga M, Escobedo A, Bardia L, Verdaguer X, Ruffoni A, Mawji NR, Wang J, Obst JK, Tam T, Brun-Heath I, Ventura S, Meierhofer D, García J, Robustelli P, Stracker TH, Sadar MD, Riera A, Hnisz D, Salvatella X. Rational optimization of a transcription factor activation domain inhibitor. Nat Struct Mol Biol 2023; 30:1958-1969. [PMID: 38049566 PMCID: PMC10716049 DOI: 10.1038/s41594-023-01159-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
Transcription factors are among the most attractive therapeutic targets but are considered largely 'undruggable' in part due to the intrinsically disordered nature of their activation domains. Here we show that the aromatic character of the activation domain of the androgen receptor, a therapeutic target for castration-resistant prostate cancer, is key for its activity as transcription factor, allowing it to translocate to the nucleus and partition into transcriptional condensates upon activation by androgens. On the basis of our understanding of the interactions stabilizing such condensates and of the structure that the domain adopts upon condensation, we optimized the structure of a small-molecule inhibitor previously identified by phenotypic screening. The optimized compounds had more affinity for their target, inhibited androgen-receptor-dependent transcriptional programs, and had an antitumorigenic effect in models of castration-resistant prostate cancer in cells and in vivo. These results suggest that it is possible to rationally optimize, and potentially even to design, small molecules that target the activation domains of oncogenic transcription factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaon Basu
- Department of Genome Regulation, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Paula Martínez-Cristóbal
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Frigolé-Vivas
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mireia Pesarrodona
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Michael Lewis
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elzbieta Szulc
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Adriana Bañuelos
- Genome Sciences, BC Cancer and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Carolina Sánchez-Zarzalejo
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Stasė Bielskutė
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jiaqi Zhu
- Dartmouth College, Department of Chemistry, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Karina Pombo-García
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany
| | - Carla Garcia-Cabau
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Levente Zodi
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Jordann Smak
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Harpreet Kaur
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Cristina Batlle
- Institut de Biotecnologia i Biomedicina and Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Borja Mateos
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mateusz Biesaga
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Albert Escobedo
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lídia Bardia
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Verdaguer
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alessandro Ruffoni
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nasrin R Mawji
- Genome Sciences, BC Cancer and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Jun Wang
- Genome Sciences, BC Cancer and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Jon K Obst
- Genome Sciences, BC Cancer and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Teresa Tam
- Genome Sciences, BC Cancer and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Isabelle Brun-Heath
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Salvador Ventura
- Institut de Biotecnologia i Biomedicina and Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - David Meierhofer
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Mass Spectrometry Facility, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jesús García
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Paul Robustelli
- Dartmouth College, Department of Chemistry, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Travis H Stracker
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Marianne D Sadar
- Genome Sciences, BC Cancer and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
| | - Antoni Riera
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Denes Hnisz
- Department of Genome Regulation, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Xavier Salvatella
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.
- ICREA, Barcelona, Spain.
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5
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Villamor-Payà M, Sanchiz-Calvo M, Smak J, Pais L, Sud M, Shankavaram U, Lovgren AK, Austin-Tse C, Ganesh VS, Gay M, Vilaseca M, Arauz-Garofalo G, Palenzuela L, VanNoy G, O'Donnell-Luria A, Stracker TH. Identification of a de novo mutation in TLK1 associated with a neurodevelopmental disorder and immunodeficiency. medRxiv 2023:2023.08.22.23294267. [PMID: 37662408 PMCID: PMC10473813 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.22.23294267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Background The Tousled-like kinases 1 and 2 (TLK1/TLK2) regulate DNA replication, repair and chromatin maintenance. TLK2 variants are associated with 'Intellectual Disability, Autosomal Dominant 57' (MRD57), a neurodevelopmental disorder (NDD) characterized by intellectual disability (ID), autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and microcephaly. Several TLK1 variants have been reported in NDDs but their functional significance is unknown. Methods A male patient presenting with ID, seizures, global developmental delay, hypothyroidism, and primary immunodeficiency was determined to have a novel, heterozygous variant in TLK1 (c.1435C>G, p.Q479E) by genome sequencing (GS). Single cell gel electrophoresis, western blot, flow cytometry and RNA-seq were performed in patient-derived lymphoblast cell lines. In silico, biochemical and proteomic analysis were used to determine the functional impact of the p.Q479E variant and previously reported NDD-associated TLK1 variant, p.M566T. Results Transcriptome sequencing in patient-derived cells confirmed expression of TLK1 transcripts carrying the p.Q479E variant and revealed alterations in genes involved in class switch recombination and cytokine signaling. Cells expressing the p.Q479E variant exhibited reduced cytokine responses and higher levels of spontaneous DNA damage but not increased sensitivity to radiation or DNA repair defects. The p.Q479E and p.M566T variants impaired kinase activity but did not strongly alter localization or proximal protein interactions. Conclusion Our study provides the first functional characterization of TLK1 variants associated with NDDs and suggests potential involvement in central nervous system and immune system development. Our results indicate that, like TLK2 variants, TLK1 variants may impact development in multiple tissues and should be considered in the diagnosis of rare NDDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Villamor-Payà
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona 08028, Spain
- National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, Radiation Oncology Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - María Sanchiz-Calvo
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Jordann Smak
- National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, Radiation Oncology Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Lynn Pais
- Division of Genetics & Genomics, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Malika Sud
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Uma Shankavaram
- National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, Radiation Oncology Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Alysia Kern Lovgren
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Christina Austin-Tse
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Vijay S Ganesh
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Marina Gay
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Marta Vilaseca
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Gianluca Arauz-Garofalo
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Lluís Palenzuela
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Grace VanNoy
- Division of Genetics & Genomics, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Anne O'Donnell-Luria
- Division of Genetics & Genomics, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Travis H Stracker
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona 08028, Spain
- National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, Radiation Oncology Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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Osagie OI, Smakk J, Citrin DE, Stracker TH. Abstract 4802: Identification of critical hypoxia induced factors in castrate resistant prostate cancer. Cancer Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2023-4802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most diagnosed cancer in men and the second cause of cancer-related death amongst men worldwide. PCa is a heterogeneous disease, and the outcome is worse for patients when the disease progresses from localized PCa to a castrate-resistant disease. Androgen receptor (AR) signaling is crucial for PCa development and has been a major therapeutic target for decades. Despite the success made with hormone therapy to block AR signaling, castration resistant disease can arise through mutations and amplifications of the androgen receptor (AR) and AR splice variants (AR-Vs). Amongst them, AR-V7 and AR-V12 can promote AR signaling independent of androgen. Furthermore, prostate tumors are highly hypoxic due to abnormal tumor vasculature. Hypoxia influences the efficacy of local and systemic treatment strategies, such as radiotherapy, hormone therapy, and chemotherapy, resulting in poorer clinical outcomes for PCa patients. Therefore, a complete understanding of AR and AR variant function, as well as how they are modulated by hypoxia and therapy is warranted for developing new strategies to treat PCa.
Methods: To identify the transcriptional apparatus associated with the AR and its variants under normal and hypoxic conditions, we carried out Bio-ID proximity labeling mass spectrometry (BioID-MS). We generated stable androgen-independent human prostate cancer cell lines, PC-3 and DU145, expressing AR and the AR-V7 and AR-V12 variants fused to a MiniTurboID (MTID) enzyme. To delineate the AR proximal interaction network, we treated cells with androgen or vehicle for 3 hours and affinity-purified biotinylated proteins after the addition of biotin for the final 2 hours. Cells were grown in normoxia (20% O2) or treated with hypoxia (95% N2,5% CO2 and 0.5% O2) for 24 h. Nonspecific interactions were filtered using controls and statistical methods to identify high-confidence interactomes.
Results: BioID proximity labeling in PC3 cells identified several AR-associated proteins, including many knowninteractors, validating the approach. Hypoxic conditions led to a striking alteration in proximal interactions and many metabolic proteins were highly enriched with AR upon exposure of cells to hypoxia for 24h. Among these, phosphoglycerate kinase 1 (PGK1) was a top hit. PGK1 has been reported to interact with AR to mediate the expression of genes that regulates cell proliferation and apoptosis. Additionally, PGK1 has an essential role in metabolic reprogramming induced by c-MYC and HIF-1α, leading to enhanced tumorigenesis.
Conclusion: Bio-ID mass spectrometry was used to map the proximal interactome of AR and its variants, identifying novel interactions partners for further analysis. We found that hypoxia strongly alters interactors with the AR, and we identified PGK1 as a hypoxia induced AR interaction in PCA. Current work to functionally validate this interaction will be presented.
Citation Format: Oloruntoba I. Osagie, Jordann Smakk, Deborah E. Citrin, Travis H. Stracker. Identification of critical hypoxia induced factors in castrate resistant prostate cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 4802.
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7
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Lewis M, Terré B, Knobel PA, Cheng T, Lu H, Attolini CSO, Smak J, Coyaud E, Garcia-Cao I, Sharma S, Vineethakumari C, Querol J, Gil-Gómez G, Piergiovanni G, Costanzo V, Peiró S, Raught B, Zhao H, Salvatella X, Roy S, Mahjoub MR, Stracker TH. GEMC1 and MCIDAS interactions with SWI/SNF complexes regulate the multiciliated cell-specific transcriptional program. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:201. [PMID: 36932059 PMCID: PMC10023806 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05720-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Multiciliated cells (MCCs) project dozens to hundreds of motile cilia from their apical surface to promote the movement of fluids or gametes in the mammalian brain, airway or reproductive organs. Differentiation of MCCs requires the sequential action of the Geminin family transcriptional activators, GEMC1 and MCIDAS, that both interact with E2F4/5-DP1. How these factors activate transcription and the extent to which they play redundant functions remains poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that the transcriptional targets and proximal proteomes of GEMC1 and MCIDAS are highly similar. However, we identified distinct interactions with SWI/SNF subcomplexes; GEMC1 interacts primarily with the ARID1A containing BAF complex while MCIDAS interacts primarily with BRD9 containing ncBAF complexes. Treatment with a BRD9 inhibitor impaired MCIDAS-mediated activation of several target genes and compromised the MCC differentiation program in multiple cell based models. Our data suggest that the differential engagement of distinct SWI/SNF subcomplexes by GEMC1 and MCIDAS is required for MCC-specific transcriptional regulation and mediated by their distinct C-terminal domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Lewis
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, C/ Baldiri Reixac 10, Barcelona, 08028, Spain
| | - Berta Terré
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, C/ Baldiri Reixac 10, Barcelona, 08028, Spain
- MRC Clinical Trials Unit at UCL, London, UK
| | - Philip A Knobel
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, C/ Baldiri Reixac 10, Barcelona, 08028, Spain
- CDR-Life AG, Zurich, 8592, Switzerland
| | - Tao Cheng
- Washington University in St Louis, Departments of Medicine (Nephrology), Cell Biology and Physiology, St. Louis, MO, 20814, USA
| | - Hao Lu
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Proteos, 61 Biopolis Drive, Singapore, 138673, Singapore
| | - Camille Stephan-Otto Attolini
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, C/ Baldiri Reixac 10, Barcelona, 08028, Spain
| | - Jordann Smak
- National Cancer Institute, Radiation Oncology Branch, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Etienne Coyaud
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1192 - Protéomique Réponse Inflammatoire Spectrométrie de Masse - PRISM, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Isabel Garcia-Cao
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, C/ Baldiri Reixac 10, Barcelona, 08028, Spain
| | - Shalu Sharma
- National Cancer Institute, Radiation Oncology Branch, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Chithran Vineethakumari
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, C/ Baldiri Reixac 10, Barcelona, 08028, Spain
| | - Jessica Querol
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, 08035, Spain
| | - Gabriel Gil-Gómez
- Apoptosis Signalling Group, IMIM (Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mediques), Barcelona, 08003, Spain
| | - Gabriele Piergiovanni
- IFOM ETS, The AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, 20139, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Haematology-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, 20139, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Costanzo
- IFOM ETS, The AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, 20139, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Haematology-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, 20139, Italy
| | - Sandra Peiró
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, 08035, Spain
| | - Brian Raught
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Haotian Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine, Old Westbury, New York, NY, 11568, USA
| | - Xavier Salvatella
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, C/ Baldiri Reixac 10, Barcelona, 08028, Spain
- ICREA, Passeig Lluís Companys 23, 08010, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sudipto Roy
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Proteos, 61 Biopolis Drive, Singapore, 138673, Singapore
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 117543, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Pediatrics, National University of Singapore, 119288, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Moe R Mahjoub
- Washington University in St Louis, Departments of Medicine (Nephrology), Cell Biology and Physiology, St. Louis, MO, 20814, USA
| | - Travis H Stracker
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, C/ Baldiri Reixac 10, Barcelona, 08028, Spain.
- National Cancer Institute, Radiation Oncology Branch, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
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8
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Dutto I, Gerhards J, Herrera A, Souckova O, Škopová V, Smak J, Junza A, Yanes O, Boeckx C, Burkhalter MD, Zikánová M, Pons S, Philipp M, Lüders J, Stracker TH. Pathway specific effects of ADSL deficiency on neurodevelopment. eLife 2022; 11:70518. [PMID: 35133277 PMCID: PMC8871376 DOI: 10.7554/elife.70518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenylosuccinate lyase (ADSL) functions in de novo purine synthesis (DNPS) and the purine nucleotide cycle. ADSL deficiency (ADSLD) causes numerous neurodevelopmental pathologies, including microcephaly and autism spectrum disorder. ADSLD patients have normal serum purine nucleotide levels but exhibit accumulation of dephosphorylated ADSL substrates, S-Ado, and SAICAr, the latter being implicated in neurotoxic effects through unknown mechanisms. We examined the phenotypic effects of ADSL depletion in human cells and their relation to phenotypic outcomes. Using specific interventions to compensate for reduced purine levels or modulate SAICAr accumulation, we found that diminished AMP levels resulted in increased DNA damage signaling and cell cycle delays, while primary ciliogenesis was impaired specifically by loss of ADSL or administration of SAICAr. ADSL-deficient chicken and zebrafish embryos displayed impaired neurogenesis and microcephaly. Neuroprogenitor attrition in zebrafish embryos was rescued by pharmacological inhibition of DNPS, but not increased nucleotide concentration. Zebrafish also displayed phenotypes commonly linked to ciliopathies. Our results suggest that both reduced purine levels and impaired DNPS contribute to neurodevelopmental pathology in ADSLD and that defective ciliogenesis may influence the ADSLD phenotypic spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Dutto
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Julian Gerhards
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomics, University of Tubingen, Tubingen, Germany
| | - Antonio Herrera
- Department of Cell Biology, Instituto de Biología Molecular de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Olga Souckova
- Department of Paediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Václava Škopová
- Department of Paediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jordann Smak
- Center for Cancer Research, Radiation Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, United States
| | - Alexandra Junza
- Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders, Madrid, Spain
| | - Oscar Yanes
- Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cedric Boeckx
- Institute of Complex Systems, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Martin D Burkhalter
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomics, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Marie Zikánová
- Department of Paediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Sebastian Pons
- Department of Cell Biology, Instituto de Biología Molecular de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Melanie Philipp
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomics, University of Tubingen, Tubingen, Germany
| | - Jens Lüders
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Travis H Stracker
- Center for Cancer Research, Radiation Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, United States
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9
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Pavinato L, Villamor-Payà M, Sanchiz-Calvo M, Andreoli C, Gay M, Vilaseca M, Arauz-Garofalo G, Ciolfi A, Bruselles A, Pippucci T, Prota V, Carli D, Giorgio E, Radio FC, Antona V, Giuffrè M, Ranguin K, Colson C, De Rubeis S, Dimartino P, Buxbaum JD, Ferrero GB, Tartaglia M, Martinelli S, Stracker TH, Brusco A. Functional analysis of TLK2 variants and their proximal interactomes implicates impaired kinase activity and chromatin maintenance defects in their pathogenesis. J Med Genet 2022; 59:170-179. [PMID: 33323470 PMCID: PMC10631451 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2020-107281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The Tousled-like kinases 1 and 2 (TLK1 and TLK2) are involved in many fundamental processes, including DNA replication, cell cycle checkpoint recovery and chromatin remodelling. Mutations in TLK2 were recently associated with 'Mental Retardation Autosomal Dominant 57' (MRD57, MIM# 618050), a neurodevelopmental disorder characterised by a highly variable phenotype, including mild-to-moderate intellectual disability, behavioural abnormalities, facial dysmorphisms, microcephaly, epilepsy and skeletal anomalies. METHODS We re-evaluate whole exome sequencing and array-CGH data from a large cohort of patients affected by neurodevelopmental disorders. Using spatial proteomics (BioID) and single-cell gel electrophoresis, we investigated the proximity interaction landscape of TLK2 and analysed the effects of p.(Asp551Gly) and a previously reported missense variant (c.1850C>T; p.(Ser617Leu)) on TLK2 interactions, localisation and activity. RESULTS We identified three new unrelated MRD57 families. Two were sporadic and caused by a missense change (c.1652A>G; p.(Asp551Gly)) or a 39 kb deletion encompassing TLK2, and one was familial with three affected siblings who inherited a nonsense change from an affected mother (c.1423G>T; p.(Glu475Ter)). The clinical phenotypes were consistent with those of previously reported cases. The tested mutations strongly impaired TLK2 kinase activity. Proximal interactions between TLK2 and other factors implicated in neurological disorders, including CHD7, CHD8, BRD4 and NACC1, were identified. Finally, we demonstrated a more relaxed chromatin state in lymphoblastoid cells harbouring the p.(Asp551Gly) variant compared with control cells, conferring susceptibility to DNA damage. CONCLUSION Our study identified novel TLK2 pathogenic variants, confirming and further expanding the MRD57-related phenotype. The molecular characterisation of missense variants increases our knowledge about TLK2 function and provides new insights into its role in neurodevelopmental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Pavinato
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Torino, Italy
- Institute of Human Genetics and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Marina Villamor-Payà
- The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Sanchiz-Calvo
- The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Andreoli
- Department of Environment and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Roma, Italy
| | - Marina Gay
- The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Vilaseca
- The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gianluca Arauz-Garofalo
- The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrea Ciolfi
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Alessandro Bruselles
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Tommaso Pippucci
- Medical Genetics Unity, Sant'Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Valentina Prota
- Department of Environment and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Roma, Italy
| | - Diana Carli
- Department of Pediatrics and Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Turin, Torino, Italy
| | - Elisa Giorgio
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Torino, Italy
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Vincenzo Antona
- Department of Sciences for Health Promotion and Mother and Child Care "G. D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Mario Giuffrè
- Department of Sciences for Health Promotion and Mother and Child Care "G. D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Kara Ranguin
- Department of Genetics, Reference center for Rare Diseases and Developmental Anomalies, Caen, France
| | - Cindy Colson
- Department of Genetics, Reference center for Rare Diseases and Developmental Anomalies, Caen, France
| | - Silvia De Rubeis
- Seaver Autism Center for Research and Treatment, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, New York, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, New York, USA
- The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, New York, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Paola Dimartino
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Joseph D Buxbaum
- Seaver Autism Center for Research and Treatment, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, New York, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, New York, USA
- The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, New York, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, New York, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, New York, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Giovanni Battista Ferrero
- Department of Pediatrics and Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Turin, Torino, Italy
| | - Marco Tartaglia
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Simone Martinelli
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Roma, Italy
| | - Travis H Stracker
- The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Barcelona, Spain
- Radiation Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Alfredo Brusco
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Torino, Italy
- Unit of Medical Genetics, "Città della Salute e della Scienza" University Hospital, Torino, Italy
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10
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Segura-Bayona S, Villamor-Payà M, Attolini CSO, Koenig LM, Sanchiz-Calvo M, Boulton SJ, Stracker TH. Tousled-Like Kinases Suppress Innate Immune Signaling Triggered by Alternative Lengthening of Telomeres. Cell Rep 2021; 32:107983. [PMID: 32755577 PMCID: PMC7408502 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.107983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The Tousled-like kinases 1 and 2 (TLK1/2) control histone deposition through the ASF1 histone chaperone and influence cell cycle progression and genome maintenance, yet the mechanisms underlying TLK-mediated genome stability remain uncertain. Here, we show that TLK loss results in severe chromatin decompaction and altered genome accessibility, particularly affecting heterochromatic regions. Failure to maintain heterochromatin increases spurious transcription of repetitive elements and induces features of alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT). TLK depletion culminates in a cGAS-STING-TBK1-mediated innate immune response that is independent of replication-stress signaling and attenuated by the depletion of factors required to produce extra-telomeric DNA. Analysis of human cancers reveals that chromosomal instability correlates with high TLK2 and low STING levels in many cohorts. Based on these findings, we propose that high TLK levels contribute to immune evasion in chromosomally unstable and ALT+ cancers. TLK-deficient cells have increased accessibility at heterochromatin regions TLK1/2 suppress spurious transcription and telomere hyper-recombination Extra-telomeric DNA generated upon TLK loss promotes innate immune signaling cGAS-STING-TBK1 signaling in TLK-deficient cells is independent of replication stress
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Segura-Bayona
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona 08028, Spain; The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK.
| | - Marina Villamor-Payà
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Camille Stephan-Otto Attolini
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Lars M Koenig
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Maria Sanchiz-Calvo
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Simon J Boulton
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Travis H Stracker
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona 08028, Spain.
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11
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Biayna J, Garcia-Cao I, Álvarez MM, Salvadores M, Espinosa-Carrasco J, McCullough M, Supek F, Stracker TH. Loss of the abasic site sensor HMCES is synthetic lethal with the activity of the APOBEC3A cytosine deaminase in cancer cells. PLoS Biol 2021; 19:e3001176. [PMID: 33788831 PMCID: PMC8041192 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3001176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Analysis of cancer mutagenic signatures provides information about the origin of mutations and can inform the use of clinical therapies, including immunotherapy. In particular, APOBEC3A (A3A) has emerged as a major driver of mutagenesis in cancer cells, and its expression results in DNA damage and susceptibility to treatment with inhibitors of the ATR and CHK1 checkpoint kinases. Here, we report the implementation of CRISPR/Cas-9 genetic screening to identify susceptibilities of multiple A3A-expressing lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) cell lines. We identify HMCES, a protein recently linked to the protection of abasic sites, as a central protein for the tolerance of A3A expression. HMCES depletion results in synthetic lethality with A3A expression preferentially in a TP53-mutant background. Analysis of previous screening data reveals a strong association between A3A mutational signatures and sensitivity to HMCES loss and indicates that HMCES is specialized in protecting against a narrow spectrum of DNA damaging agents in addition to A3A. We experimentally show that both HMCES disruption and A3A expression increase susceptibility of cancer cells to ionizing radiation (IR), oxidative stress, and ATR inhibition, strategies that are often applied in tumor therapies. Overall, our results suggest that HMCES is an attractive target for selective treatment of A3A-expressing tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josep Biayna
- Genome Data Science, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isabel Garcia-Cao
- Genomic Instability and Cancer, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel M. Álvarez
- Genome Data Science, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marina Salvadores
- Genome Data Science, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jose Espinosa-Carrasco
- Genome Data Science, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marcel McCullough
- Genome Data Science, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fran Supek
- Genome Data Science, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
- * E-mail: (FS); (THS)
| | - Travis H. Stracker
- Genomic Instability and Cancer, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, Radiation Oncology Branch, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail: (FS); (THS)
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12
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Lewis M, Stracker TH. Transcriptional regulation of multiciliated cell differentiation. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2021; 110:51-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2020.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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13
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Phan TP, Maryniak AL, Boatwright CA, Lee J, Atkins A, Tijhuis A, Spierings DCJ, Bazzi H, Foijer F, Jordan PW, Stracker TH, Holland AJ. Centrosome defects cause microcephaly by activating the 53BP1-USP28-TP53 mitotic surveillance pathway. EMBO J 2021; 40:e106118. [PMID: 33226141 PMCID: PMC7780150 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2020106118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in centrosome genes deplete neural progenitor cells (NPCs) during brain development, causing microcephaly. While NPC attrition is linked to TP53-mediated cell death in several microcephaly models, how TP53 is activated remains unclear. In cultured cells, mitotic delays resulting from centrosome loss prevent the growth of unfit daughter cells by activating a pathway involving 53BP1, USP28, and TP53, termed the mitotic surveillance pathway. Whether this pathway is active in the developing brain is unknown. Here, we show that the depletion of centrosome proteins in NPCs prolongs mitosis and increases TP53-mediated apoptosis. Cell death after a delayed mitosis was rescued by inactivation of the mitotic surveillance pathway. Moreover, 53BP1 or USP28 deletion restored NPC proliferation and brain size without correcting the upstream centrosome defects or extended mitosis. By contrast, microcephaly caused by the loss of the non-centrosomal protein SMC5 is also TP53-dependent but is not rescued by loss of 53BP1 or USP28. Thus, we propose that mutations in centrosome genes cause microcephaly by delaying mitosis and pathologically activating the mitotic surveillance pathway in the developing brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thao P Phan
- Department of Molecular Biology and GeneticsJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA
| | - Aubrey L Maryniak
- Department of Molecular Biology and GeneticsJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA
| | | | - Junsu Lee
- Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMDUSA
| | - Alisa Atkins
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyBloomberg School of Public HealthJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMDUSA
| | - Andrea Tijhuis
- European Research Institute for the Biology of AgeingUniversity of GroningenUniversity Medical Center GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Diana CJ Spierings
- European Research Institute for the Biology of AgeingUniversity of GroningenUniversity Medical Center GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Hisham Bazzi
- Cologne Excellence Cluster for Cellular Stress Responses in Aging‐Associated Diseases (CECAD)University of CologneCologneGermany
- Department of Dermatology and VenereologyUniversity Hospital of CologneKölnGermany
| | - Floris Foijer
- European Research Institute for the Biology of AgeingUniversity of GroningenUniversity Medical Center GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Philip W Jordan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyBloomberg School of Public HealthJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMDUSA
| | - Travis H Stracker
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona)The Barcelona Institute of Science and TechnologyBarcelonaSpain
| | - Andrew J Holland
- Department of Molecular Biology and GeneticsJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA
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14
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Picchioni D, Antolin-Fontes A, Camacho N, Schmitz C, Pons-Pons A, Rodríguez-Escribà M, Machallekidou A, Güler MN, Siatra P, Carretero-Junquera M, Serrano A, Hovde SL, Knobel PA, Novoa EM, Solà-Vilarrubias M, Kaguni LS, Stracker TH, Ribas de Pouplana L. Mitochondrial Protein Synthesis and mtDNA Levels Coordinated through an Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthetase Subunit. Cell Rep 2020; 27:40-47.e5. [PMID: 30943413 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The aminoacylation of tRNAs by aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (ARSs) is a central reaction in biology. Multiple regulatory pathways use the aminoacylation status of cytosolic tRNAs to monitor and regulate metabolism. The existence of equivalent regulatory networks within the mitochondria is unknown. Here, we describe a functional network that couples protein synthesis to DNA replication in animal mitochondria. We show that a duplication of the gene coding for mitochondrial seryl-tRNA synthetase (SerRS2) generated in arthropods a paralog protein (SLIMP) that forms a heterodimeric complex with a SerRS2 monomer. This seryl-tRNA synthetase variant is essential for protein synthesis and mitochondrial respiration. In addition, SLIMP interacts with the substrate binding domain of the mitochondrial protease LON, thus stimulating proteolysis of the DNA-binding protein TFAM and preventing mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) accumulation. Thus, mitochondrial translation is directly coupled to mtDNA levels by a network based upon a profound structural modification of an animal ARS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria Picchioni
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Parc Científic de Barcelona, C/Baldiri Reixac 10, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Albert Antolin-Fontes
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Parc Científic de Barcelona, C/Baldiri Reixac 10, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Noelia Camacho
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Parc Científic de Barcelona, C/Baldiri Reixac 10, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Claus Schmitz
- Structural MitoLab, Department of Structural Biology, Molecular Biology Institute Barcelona (IBMB-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alba Pons-Pons
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Parc Científic de Barcelona, C/Baldiri Reixac 10, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Marta Rodríguez-Escribà
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Parc Científic de Barcelona, C/Baldiri Reixac 10, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Antigoni Machallekidou
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Parc Científic de Barcelona, C/Baldiri Reixac 10, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Merve Nur Güler
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Parc Científic de Barcelona, C/Baldiri Reixac 10, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Panagiota Siatra
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Parc Científic de Barcelona, C/Baldiri Reixac 10, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Maria Carretero-Junquera
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Parc Científic de Barcelona, C/Baldiri Reixac 10, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Alba Serrano
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Parc Científic de Barcelona, C/Baldiri Reixac 10, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Stacy L Hovde
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Center for Mitochondrial Science and Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Philip A Knobel
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Parc Científic de Barcelona, C/Baldiri Reixac 10, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Laboratory for Molecular Radiobiology, Clinic of Radiation Oncology, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Eva M Novoa
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Doctor Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria Street, 2010 Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| | - Maria Solà-Vilarrubias
- Structural MitoLab, Department of Structural Biology, Molecular Biology Institute Barcelona (IBMB-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laurie S Kaguni
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Center for Mitochondrial Science and Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA; Institute of Biosciences and Medical Technology, University of Tampere, 33014 Tampere, Finland
| | - Travis H Stracker
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Parc Científic de Barcelona, C/Baldiri Reixac 10, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Lluís Ribas de Pouplana
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Parc Científic de Barcelona, C/Baldiri Reixac 10, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), P/Lluis Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
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15
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Stracker TH, Morrison CG, Gergely F. Molecular causes of primary microcephaly and related diseases: a report from the UNIA Workshop. Chromosoma 2020; 129:115-120. [PMID: 32424716 DOI: 10.1007/s00412-020-00737-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The International University of Andalucía (UNIA) Current Trends in Biomedicine Workshop on Molecular Causes of Primary Microcephaly and Related Diseases took place in Baeza, Spain, November 18-20, 2019. This meeting brought together scientists from Europe, the USA and China to discuss recent advances in our molecular and genetic understanding of a group of rare neurodevelopmental diseases characterised by primary microcephaly, a condition in which head circumference is smaller than normal at birth. Microcephaly can be caused by inherited mutations that affect key cellular processes, or environmental exposure to radiation or other toxins. It can also result from viral infection, as exemplified by the recent Zika virus outbreak in South America. Here we summarise a number of the scientific advances presented and topics discussed at the meeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Travis H Stracker
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona) and Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Ciaran G Morrison
- Centre for Chromosome Biology, School of Natural Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Biosciences Building, Dangan, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Fanni Gergely
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
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16
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Cebrià-Costa JP, Pascual-Reguant L, Gonzalez-Perez A, Serra-Bardenys G, Querol J, Cosín M, Verde G, Cigliano RA, Sanseverino W, Segura-Bayona S, Iturbide A, Andreu D, Nuciforo P, Bernado-Morales C, Rodilla V, Arribas J, Yelamos J, de Herreros AG, Stracker TH, Peiró S. LOXL2-mediated H3K4 oxidation reduces chromatin accessibility in triple-negative breast cancer cells. Oncogene 2019; 39:79-121. [PMID: 31462706 PMCID: PMC6937214 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-019-0969-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Oxidation of H3 at lysine 4 (H3K4ox) by lysyl oxidase-like 2 (LOXL2) generates an H3 modification with an unknown physiological function. We find that LOXL2 and H3K4ox are higher in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell lines and patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) than those from other breast cancer subtypes. ChIP-seq revealed that H3K4ox is located primarily in heterochromatin, where it is involved in chromatin compaction. Knocking down LOXL2 reduces H3K4ox levels and causes chromatin decompaction, resulting in a sustained activation of the DNA damage response (DDR) and increased susceptibility to anticancer agents. This critical role that LOXL2 and oxidized H3 play in chromatin compaction and DDR suggests that functionally targeting LOXL2 could be a way to sensitize TNBC cells to conventional therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P Cebrià-Costa
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), 08035, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - A Gonzalez-Perez
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - G Serra-Bardenys
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), 08035, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Querol
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), 08035, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Cosín
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), 08035, Barcelona, Spain
| | - G Verde
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), 08035, Barcelona, Spain.,Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - R A Cigliano
- Sequentia Biotech SL, Comte d'Urgell, 240, Barcelona, Spain
| | - W Sanseverino
- Sequentia Biotech SL, Comte d'Urgell, 240, Barcelona, Spain
| | - S Segura-Bayona
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Iturbide
- Institute of Epigenetics and Stem Cells, Helmoholtz Zentrum München, D-81377, München, Germany
| | - D Andreu
- Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - P Nuciforo
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), 08035, Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Bernado-Morales
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), 08035, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Oncología (CIBERONC), 08035, Barcelona, Spain
| | - V Rodilla
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), 08035, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Arribas
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), 08035, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Oncología (CIBERONC), 08035, Barcelona, Spain.,Institució Catalana de Recerca I Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain.,Departament de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - J Yelamos
- Programa de Recerca en Càncer, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Garcia de Herreros
- Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.,Programa de Recerca en Càncer, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - T H Stracker
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - S Peiró
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), 08035, Barcelona, Spain.
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17
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Terré B, Lewis M, Gil-Gómez G, Han Z, Lu H, Aguilera M, Prats N, Roy S, Zhao H, Stracker TH. Defects in efferent duct multiciliogenesis underlie male infertility in GEMC1-, MCIDAS- or CCNO-deficient mice. Development 2019; 146:dev.162628. [PMID: 30936178 DOI: 10.1242/dev.162628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
GEMC1 and MCIDAS are geminin family proteins that transcriptionally activate E2F4/5-target genes during multiciliogenesis, including Foxj 1 and Ccno Male mice that lacked Gemc1, Mcidas or Ccno were found to be infertile, but the origin of this defect has remained unclear. Here, we show that all three genes are necessary for the generation of functional multiciliated cells in the efferent ducts that are required for spermatozoa to enter the epididymis. In mice that are mutant for Gemc1, Mcidas or Ccno, we observed a similar spectrum of phenotypes, including thinning of the seminiferous tubule epithelia, dilation of the rete testes, sperm agglutinations in the efferent ducts and lack of spermatozoa in the epididymis (azoospermia). These data suggest that defective efferent duct development is the dominant cause of male infertility in these mouse models, and this likely extends to individuals with the ciliopathy reduced generation of multiple motile cilia with mutations in MCIDAS and CCNO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berta Terré
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Michael Lewis
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Gabriel Gil-Gómez
- Apoptosis Signalling Group, IMIM (Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques), Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Zhiyuan Han
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine, Old Westbury, New York, NY 11568, USA
| | - Hao Lu
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Proteos, 61 Biopolis Drive, Singapore 138673, Singapore
| | - Mònica Aguilera
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Neus Prats
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Sudipto Roy
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Proteos, 61 Biopolis Drive, Singapore 138673, Singapore.,Department of Pediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119288, Singapore.,Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Haotian Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine, Old Westbury, New York, NY 11568, USA
| | - Travis H Stracker
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona 08028, Spain
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18
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Stracker TH. E2F4/5-mediated transcriptional control of multiciliated cell differentiation: redundancy or fine-tuning? Dev Biol 2019; 446:20-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2018.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Revised: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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19
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Stracker TH. EXD2: A new regulator of mitochondrial translation and potential target for cancer therapy. Mol Cell Oncol 2018; 5:e1445943. [PMID: 30250899 DOI: 10.1080/23723556.2018.1445943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
In recent work we identified Exonuclease 3'-5' domain-containing protein 2 (EXD2) as an RNase required for efficient mitochondrial translation. Here I describe in brief the cellular phenotypes caused by EXD2 deficiency and make the case that EXD2 inhibitors could be valuable agents for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Travis H Stracker
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
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20
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Lee SB, Segura-Bayona S, Villamor-Payà M, Saredi G, Todd MAM, Attolini CSO, Chang TY, Stracker TH, Groth A. Tousled-like kinases stabilize replication forks and show synthetic lethality with checkpoint and PARP inhibitors. Sci Adv 2018; 4:eaat4985. [PMID: 30101194 PMCID: PMC6082654 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aat4985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/01/2018] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
DNA sequence and epigenetic information embedded in chromatin must be faithfully duplicated and transmitted to daughter cells during cell division. However, how chromatin assembly and DNA replication are integrated remains unclear. We examined the contribution of the Tousled-like kinases 1 and 2 (TLK1/TLK2) to chromatin assembly and maintenance of replication fork integrity. We show that TLK activity is required for DNA replication and replication-coupled nucleosome assembly and that lack of TLK activity leads to replication fork stalling and the accumulation of single-stranded DNA, a phenotype distinct from ASF1 depletion. Consistent with these results, sustained TLK depletion gives rise to replication-dependent DNA damage and p53-dependent cell cycle arrest in G1. We find that deficient replication-coupled de novo nucleosome assembly renders replication forks unstable and highly dependent on the ATR and CHK1 checkpoint kinases, as well as poly(adenosine 5'-diphosphate-ribose) polymerase (PARP) activity, to avoid collapse. Human cancer data revealed frequent up-regulation of TLK genes and an association with poor patient outcome in multiple types of cancer, and depletion of TLK activity leads to increased replication stress and DNA damage in a panel of cancer cells. Our results reveal a critical role for TLKs in chromatin replication and suppression of replication stress and identify a synergistic lethal relationship with checkpoint signaling and PARP that could be exploited in treatment of a broad range of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Bau Lee
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Master Program in Clinical Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacoproteomics, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sandra Segura-Bayona
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marina Villamor-Payà
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Giulia Saredi
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Matthew A. M. Todd
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research (CPR), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Camille Stephan-Otto Attolini
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ting-Yu Chang
- Master Program in Clinical Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacoproteomics, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Travis H. Stracker
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
- Corresponding author. (T.H.S.); (A.G.)
| | - Anja Groth
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research (CPR), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Corresponding author. (T.H.S.); (A.G.)
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21
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Cánovas B, Igea A, Sartori AA, Gomis RR, Paull TT, Isoda M, Pérez-Montoyo H, Serra V, González-Suárez E, Stracker TH, Nebreda AR. Targeting p38α Increases DNA Damage, Chromosome Instability, and the Anti-tumoral Response to Taxanes in Breast Cancer Cells. Cancer Cell 2018; 33:1094-1110.e8. [PMID: 29805078 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2018.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Revised: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related death among women. Here we report a role for the protein kinase p38α in coordinating the DNA damage response and limiting chromosome instability during breast tumor progression, and identify the DNA repair regulator CtIP as a p38α substrate. Accordingly, decreased p38α signaling results in impaired ATR activation and homologous recombination repair, with concomitant increases in replication stress, DNA damage, and chromosome instability, leading to cancer cell death and tumor regression. Moreover, we show that pharmacological inhibition of p38α potentiates the effects of taxanes by boosting chromosome instability in murine models and patient-derived xenografts, suggesting the potential interest of combining p38α inhibitors with chemotherapeutic drugs that induce chromosome instability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Begoña Cánovas
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Ana Igea
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Alessandro A Sartori
- University of Zurich, Institute of Molecular Cancer Research, Zurich 8057, Switzerland
| | - Roger R Gomis
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona 08028, Spain; ICREA, Pg. Lluís Companys 23, Barcelona 08010, Spain; Universitat de Barcelona and CIBERONC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Tanya T Paull
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Michitaka Isoda
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Héctor Pérez-Montoyo
- Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona 08908, Spain
| | - Violeta Serra
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona 08035, Spain
| | - Eva González-Suárez
- Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona 08908, Spain
| | - Travis H Stracker
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Angel R Nebreda
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona 08028, Spain; ICREA, Pg. Lluís Companys 23, Barcelona 08010, Spain.
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22
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Silva J, Aivio S, Knobel PA, Bailey LJ, Casali A, Vinaixa M, Garcia-Cao I, Coyaud É, Jourdain AA, Pérez-Ferreros P, Rojas AM, Antolin-Fontes A, Samino-Gené S, Raught B, González-Reyes A, Ribas de Pouplana L, Doherty AJ, Yanes O, Stracker TH. EXD2 governs germ stem cell homeostasis and lifespan by promoting mitoribosome integrity and translation. Nat Cell Biol 2018; 20:162-174. [PMID: 29335528 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-017-0016-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are subcellular organelles that are critical for meeting the bioenergetic and biosynthetic needs of the cell. Mitochondrial function relies on genes and RNA species encoded both in the nucleus and mitochondria, and on their coordinated translation, import and respiratory complex assembly. Here, we characterize EXD2 (exonuclease 3'-5' domain-containing 2), a nuclear-encoded gene, and show that it is targeted to the mitochondria and prevents the aberrant association of messenger RNAs with the mitochondrial ribosome. Loss of EXD2 results in defective mitochondrial translation, impaired respiration, reduced ATP production, increased reactive oxygen species and widespread metabolic abnormalities. Depletion of the Drosophila melanogaster EXD2 orthologue (CG6744) causes developmental delays and premature female germline stem cell attrition, reduced fecundity and a dramatic extension of lifespan that is reversed with an antioxidant diet. Our results define a conserved role for EXD2 in mitochondrial translation that influences development and ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Silva
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Suvi Aivio
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Philip A Knobel
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain.,Department for Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Laura J Bailey
- Genome Damage and Stability Centre, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
| | - Andreu Casali
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Vinaixa
- Metabolomics Platform, Department of Electronic Engineering (DEEEA), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain.,Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Garcia-Cao
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Étienne Coyaud
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alexis A Jourdain
- Department of Molecular Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Pablo Pérez-Ferreros
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain.,EMBL Australia, University of New South Wales, Lowy Cancer Research Center, Single Molecule Science Node, Sydney and Arc Center of Excellence in Advance Molecular Imaging, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ana M Rojas
- Computational Biology and Bioinformatics Group, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBIS/CSIC/US/JA), Campus Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocio, Seville, Spain
| | - Albert Antolin-Fontes
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sara Samino-Gené
- Metabolomics Platform, Department of Electronic Engineering (DEEEA), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain.,Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Brian Raught
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Acaimo González-Reyes
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide/CSIC/JA, Seville, Spain
| | - Lluís Ribas de Pouplana
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain.,Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aidan J Doherty
- Genome Damage and Stability Centre, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
| | - Oscar Yanes
- Metabolomics Platform, Department of Electronic Engineering (DEEEA), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain.,Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Travis H Stracker
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain.
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23
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Picart-Armada S, Fernández-Albert F, Vinaixa M, Rodríguez MA, Aivio S, Stracker TH, Yanes O, Perera-Lluna A. Null diffusion-based enrichment for metabolomics data. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0189012. [PMID: 29211807 PMCID: PMC5718512 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolomics experiments identify metabolites whose abundance varies as the conditions under study change. Pathway enrichment tools help in the identification of key metabolic processes and in building a plausible biological explanation for these variations. Although several methods are available for pathway enrichment using experimental evidence, metabolomics does not yet have a comprehensive overview in a network layout at multiple molecular levels. We propose a novel pathway enrichment procedure for analysing summary metabolomics data based on sub-network analysis in a graph representation of a reference database. Relevant entries are extracted from the database according to statistical measures over a null diffusive process that accounts for network topology and pathway crosstalk. Entries are reported as a sub-pathway network, including not only pathways, but also modules, enzymes, reactions and possibly other compound candidates for further analyses. This provides a richer biological context, suitable for generating new study hypotheses and potential enzymatic targets. Using this method, we report results from cells depleted for an uncharacterised mitochondrial gene using GC and LC-MS data and employing KEGG as a knowledge base. Partial validation is provided with NMR-based tracking of 13C glucose labelling of these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Picart-Armada
- Departament d'Enginyeria de Sistemes, Automàtica i Informàtica Industrial, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain.,Networking Biomedical Research Centre in the subject area of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain.,Institut de Recerca Pediàtrica Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesc Fernández-Albert
- Departament d'Enginyeria de Sistemes, Automàtica i Informàtica Industrial, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain.,Networking Biomedical Research Centre in the subject area of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain.,Takeda Cambridge Ltd, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Vinaixa
- Centre for Omic Sciences, Rovira i Virgili University, Reus, Spain.,Department of Electronic Engineering, Rovira i Virgili University, Tarragona, Spain.,Metabolomics Platform, Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Suvi Aivio
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Travis H Stracker
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Oscar Yanes
- Centre for Omic Sciences, Rovira i Virgili University, Reus, Spain.,Department of Electronic Engineering, Rovira i Virgili University, Tarragona, Spain.,Metabolomics Platform, Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alexandre Perera-Lluna
- Departament d'Enginyeria de Sistemes, Automàtica i Informàtica Industrial, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain.,Networking Biomedical Research Centre in the subject area of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain.,Institut de Recerca Pediàtrica Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
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24
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Abstract
The NBN component of the MRE11-RAD50-NBN (MRN) complex and the ATM kinase have been identified as clients of the HSP90α chaperone. Inhibition of HSP90 leads to reduced stability of NBN and ATM and an impaired DNA damage response. These results identify new regulatory details of the DNA damage response and further explain the chemosensitizing effects of HSP90 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Travis H Stracker
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Spain
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25
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Vinaixa M, Rodríguez MA, Aivio S, Capellades J, Gómez J, Canyellas N, Stracker TH, Yanes O. Inside Cover: Positional Enrichment by Proton Analysis (PEPA): A One‐Dimensional
1
H‐NMR Approach for
13
C Stable Isotope Tracer Studies in Metabolomics (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 13/2017). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201702039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Vinaixa
- Department of Electronic Engineering-Universitat Rovira i Virgili Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM) 43204 Reus Spain
| | - Miguel A. Rodríguez
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM) 43204 Reus Spain
| | - Suvi Aivio
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona) The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology 08028 Barcelona Spain
| | - Jordi Capellades
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM) 43204 Reus Spain
| | - Josep Gómez
- Department of Electronic Engineering- Universitat Rovira i Virgili 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Nicolau Canyellas
- Department of Electronic Engineering- Universitat Rovira i Virgili 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Travis H. Stracker
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona) The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology 08028 Barcelona Spain
| | - Oscar Yanes
- Department of Electronic Engineering-Universitat Rovira i Virgili Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM) 43204 Reus Spain
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Vinaixa M, Rodríguez MA, Aivio S, Capellades J, Gómez J, Canyellas N, Stracker TH, Yanes O. Innentitelbild: Positional Enrichment by Proton Analysis (PEPA): A One‐Dimensional
1
H‐NMR Approach for
13
C Stable Isotope Tracer Studies in Metabolomics (Angew. Chem. 13/2017). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201702039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Vinaixa
- Department of Electronic Engineering-Universitat Rovira i Virgili Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM) 43204 Reus Spain
| | - Miguel A. Rodríguez
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM) 43204 Reus Spain
| | - Suvi Aivio
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona) The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology 08028 Barcelona Spain
| | - Jordi Capellades
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM) 43204 Reus Spain
| | - Josep Gómez
- Department of Electronic Engineering- Universitat Rovira i Virgili 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Nicolau Canyellas
- Department of Electronic Engineering- Universitat Rovira i Virgili 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Travis H. Stracker
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona) The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology 08028 Barcelona Spain
| | - Oscar Yanes
- Department of Electronic Engineering-Universitat Rovira i Virgili Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM) 43204 Reus Spain
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27
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Vinaixa M, Rodríguez MA, Aivio S, Capellades J, Gómez J, Canyellas N, Stracker TH, Yanes O. Positional Enrichment by Proton Analysis (PEPA): A One‐Dimensional
1
H‐NMR Approach for
13
C Stable Isotope Tracer Studies in Metabolomics. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201611347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Vinaixa
- Department of Electronic Engineering-Universitat Rovira i Virgili Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM) 43204 Reus Spain
| | - Miguel A. Rodríguez
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM) 43204 Reus Spain
| | - Suvi Aivio
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona) The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology 08028 Barcelona Spain
| | - Jordi Capellades
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM) 43204 Reus Spain
| | - Josep Gómez
- Department of Electronic Engineering- Universitat Rovira i Virgili 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Nicolau Canyellas
- Department of Electronic Engineering- Universitat Rovira i Virgili 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Travis H. Stracker
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona) The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology 08028 Barcelona Spain
| | - Oscar Yanes
- Department of Electronic Engineering-Universitat Rovira i Virgili Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM) 43204 Reus Spain
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28
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Vinaixa M, Rodríguez MA, Aivio S, Capellades J, Gómez J, Canyellas N, Stracker TH, Yanes O. Positional Enrichment by Proton Analysis (PEPA): A One-Dimensional 1 H-NMR Approach for 13 C Stable Isotope Tracer Studies in Metabolomics. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:3531-3535. [PMID: 28220994 PMCID: PMC5363230 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201611347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2016] [Revised: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
A novel metabolomics approach for NMR‐based stable isotope tracer studies called PEPA is presented, and its performance validated using human cancer cells. PEPA detects the position of carbon label in isotopically enriched metabolites and quantifies fractional enrichment by indirect determination of 13C‐satellite peaks using 1D‐1H‐NMR spectra. In comparison with 13C‐NMR, TOCSY and HSQC, PEPA improves sensitivity, accelerates the elucidation of 13C positions in labeled metabolites and the quantification of the percentage of stable isotope enrichment. Altogether, PEPA provides a novel framework for extending the high‐throughput of 1H‐NMR metabolic profiling to stable isotope tracing in metabolomics, facilitating and complementing the information derived from 2D‐NMR experiments and expanding the range of isotopically enriched metabolites detected in cellular extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Vinaixa
- Department of Electronic Engineering-Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), 43204, Reus, Spain
| | - Miguel A Rodríguez
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), 43204, Reus, Spain
| | - Suvi Aivio
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Capellades
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), 43204, Reus, Spain
| | - Josep Gómez
- Department of Electronic Engineering-, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Nicolau Canyellas
- Department of Electronic Engineering-, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Travis H Stracker
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Oscar Yanes
- Department of Electronic Engineering-Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), 43204, Reus, Spain
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29
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Navarro J, Gozalbo-López B, Méndez AC, Dantzer F, Schreiber V, Martínez C, Arana DM, Farrés J, Revilla-Nuin B, Bueno MF, Ampurdanés C, Galindo-Campos MA, Knobel PA, Segura-Bayona S, Martin-Caballero J, Stracker TH, Aparicio P, Del Val M, Yélamos J. PARP-1/PARP-2 double deficiency in mouse T cells results in faulty immune responses and T lymphomas. Sci Rep 2017; 7:41962. [PMID: 28181505 PMCID: PMC5299517 DOI: 10.1038/srep41962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The maintenance of T-cell homeostasis must be tightly regulated. Here, we have identified a coordinated role of Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) and PARP-2 in maintaining T-lymphocyte number and function. Mice bearing a T-cell specific deficiency of PARP-2 in a PARP-1-deficient background showed defective thymocyte maturation and diminished numbers of peripheral CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells. Meanwhile, peripheral T-cell number was not affected in single PARP-1 or PARP-2-deficient mice. T-cell lymphopenia was associated with dampened in vivo immune responses to synthetic T-dependent antigens and virus, increased DNA damage and T-cell death. Moreover, double-deficiency in PARP-1/PARP-2 in T-cells led to highly aggressive T-cell lymphomas with long latency. Our findings establish a coordinated role of PARP-1 and PARP-2 in T-cell homeostasis that might impact on the development of PARP-centred therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Navarro
- Cancer Research Program, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Beatriz Gozalbo-López
- Inmunología Viral, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrea C Méndez
- Inmunología Viral, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Françoise Dantzer
- Biotechnology and Cell Signaling, UMR7242-CNRS, Laboratory of Excellence Medalis, ESBS, Illkirch, France
| | - Valérie Schreiber
- Biotechnology and Cell Signaling, UMR7242-CNRS, Laboratory of Excellence Medalis, ESBS, Illkirch, France
| | - Carlos Martínez
- Experimental Pathology Unit, IMIB-LAIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas, Madrid, Spain
| | - David M Arana
- Inmunología Viral, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jordi Farrés
- Cancer Research Program, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Beatriz Revilla-Nuin
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas, Madrid, Spain.,Genomic Unit. IMIB-LAIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - María F Bueno
- Inmunología Viral, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Coral Ampurdanés
- Cancer Research Program, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel A Galindo-Campos
- Cancer Research Program, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Philip A Knobel
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sandra Segura-Bayona
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Travis H Stracker
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pedro Aparicio
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Immunology, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Margarita Del Val
- Inmunología Viral, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - José Yélamos
- Cancer Research Program, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Immunology, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
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Terré B, Piergiovanni G, Segura-Bayona S, Gil-Gómez G, Youssef SA, Attolini CSO, Wilsch-Bräuninger M, Jung C, Rojas AM, Marjanović M, Knobel PA, Palenzuela L, López-Rovira T, Forrow S, Huttner WB, Valverde MA, de Bruin A, Costanzo V, Stracker TH. GEMC1 is a critical regulator of multiciliated cell differentiation. EMBO J 2016; 35:942-60. [PMID: 26933123 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201592821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The generation of multiciliated cells (MCCs) is required for the proper function of many tissues, including the respiratory tract, brain, and germline. Defects in MCC development have been demonstrated to cause a subclass of mucociliary clearance disorders termed reduced generation of multiple motile cilia (RGMC). To date, only two genes, Multicilin (MCIDAS) and cyclin O (CCNO) have been identified in this disorder in humans. Here, we describe mice lacking GEMC1 (GMNC), a protein with a similar domain organization as Multicilin that has been implicated in DNA replication control. We have found that GEMC1-deficient mice are growth impaired, develop hydrocephaly with a high penetrance, and are infertile, due to defects in the formation of MCCs in the brain, respiratory tract, and germline. Our data demonstrate that GEMC1 is a critical regulator of MCC differentiation and a candidate gene for human RGMC or related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berta Terré
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Sandra Segura-Bayona
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gabriel Gil-Gómez
- IMIM (Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sameh A Youssef
- Dutch Molecular Pathology Center, Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Camille Stephan-Otto Attolini
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Carole Jung
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana M Rojas
- Computational Biology and Bioinformatics Group, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, Campus Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocio, Seville, Spain
| | - Marko Marjanović
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Philip A Knobel
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lluís Palenzuela
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Teresa López-Rovira
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Stephen Forrow
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Wieland B Huttner
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany
| | - Miguel A Valverde
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alain de Bruin
- Dutch Molecular Pathology Center, Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Travis H Stracker
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
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Rein K, Yanez DA, Terré B, Palenzuela L, Aivio S, Wei K, Edelmann W, Stark JM, Stracker TH. EXO1 is critical for embryogenesis and the DNA damage response in mice with a hypomorphic Nbs1 allele. Nucleic Acids Res 2015; 43:7371-87. [PMID: 26160886 PMCID: PMC4551929 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkv691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2015] [Accepted: 06/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The maintenance of genome stability is critical for the suppression of diverse human pathologies that include developmental disorders, premature aging, infertility and predisposition to cancer. The DNA damage response (DDR) orchestrates the appropriate cellular responses following the detection of lesions to prevent genomic instability. The MRE11 complex is a sensor of DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) and plays key roles in multiple aspects of the DDR, including DNA end resection that is critical for signaling and DNA repair. The MRE11 complex has been shown to function both upstream and in concert with the 5′-3′ exonuclease EXO1 in DNA resection, but it remains unclear to what extent EXO1 influences DSB responses independently of the MRE11 complex. Here we examine the genetic relationship of the MRE11 complex and EXO1 during mammalian development and in response to DNA damage. Deletion of Exo1 in mice expressing a hypomorphic allele of Nbs1 leads to severe developmental impairment, embryonic death and chromosomal instability. While EXO1 plays a minimal role in normal cells, its loss strongly influences DNA replication, DNA repair, checkpoint signaling and damage sensitivity in NBS1 hypomorphic cells. Collectively, our results establish a key role for EXO1 in modulating the severity of hypomorphic MRE11 complex mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Rein
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Diana A Yanez
- Department of Radiation Biology, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Berta Terré
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Lluís Palenzuela
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Suvi Aivio
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Kaichun Wei
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Winfried Edelmann
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Jeremy M Stark
- Department of Radiation Biology, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Travis H Stracker
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Barcelona 08028, Spain
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Chen WT, Ebelt ND, Stracker TH, Xhemalce B, Van Den Berg CL, Miller KM. ATM regulation of IL-8 links oxidative stress to cancer cell migration and invasion. eLife 2015; 4. [PMID: 26030852 PMCID: PMC4463759 DOI: 10.7554/elife.07270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2015] [Accepted: 05/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) protein kinase regulates the DNA damage response (DDR) and is associated with cancer suppression. Here we report a cancer-promoting role for ATM. ATM depletion in metastatic cancer cells reduced cell migration and invasion. Transcription analyses identified a gene network, including the chemokine IL-8, regulated by ATM. IL-8 expression required ATM and was regulated by oxidative stress. IL-8 was validated as an ATM target by its ability to rescue cell migration and invasion defects in ATM-depleted cells. Finally, ATM-depletion in human breast cancer cells reduced lung tumors in a mouse xenograft model and clinical data validated IL-8 in lung metastasis. These findings provide insights into how ATM activation by oxidative stress regulates IL-8 to sustain cell migration and invasion in cancer cells to promote metastatic potential. Thus, in addition to well-established roles in tumor suppression, these findings identify a role for ATM in tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ta Chen
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, United States
| | - Nancy D Ebelt
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, United States
| | - Travis H Stracker
- Oncology Programme, Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Blerta Xhemalce
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, United States
| | - Carla L Van Den Berg
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, United States
| | - Kyle M Miller
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, United States
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Abstract
USP28 (ubiquitin-specific protease 28) is a deubiquitinating enzyme that has been implicated in the DNA damage response, the regulation of Myc signaling, and cancer progression. The half-life stability of major regulators of critical cellular pathways depends on the activities of specific ubiquitin E3 ligases that target them for proteosomal degradation and deubiquitinating enzymes that promote their stabilization. One function of the post-translational small ubiquitin modifier (SUMO) is the regulation of enzymatic activity of protein targets. In this work, we demonstrate that the SUMO modification of the N-terminal domain of USP28 negatively regulates its deubiquitinating activity, revealing a role for the N-terminal region as a regulatory module in the control of USP28 activity. Despite the presence of ubiquitin-binding domains in the N-terminal domain, its truncation does not impair deubiquitinating activity on diubiquitin or polyubiquitin chain substrates. In contrast to other characterized USP deubiquitinases, our results indicate that USP28 has a chain preference activity for Lys(11), Lys(48), and Lys(63) diubiquitin linkages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhen
- From the Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina and Departament de Bioquimica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain and
| | - Philip A Knobel
- the Institute for Research in Biomedicine, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - David Reverter
- From the Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina and Departament de Bioquimica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain and
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34
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Torres AG, Piñeyro D, Filonava L, Stracker TH, Batlle E, Ribas de Pouplana L. A-to-I editing on tRNAs: biochemical, biological and evolutionary implications. FEBS Lett 2014; 588:4279-86. [PMID: 25263703 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2014.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2014] [Revised: 09/16/2014] [Accepted: 09/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Inosine on transfer RNAs (tRNAs) are post-transcriptionally formed by a deamination mechanism of adenosines at positions 34, 37 and 57 of certain tRNAs. Despite its ubiquitous nature, the biological role of inosine in tRNAs remains poorly understood. Recent developments in the study of nucleotide modifications are beginning to indicate that the dynamics of such modifications are used in the control of specific genetic programs. Likewise, the essentiality of inosine-modified tRNAs in genome evolution and animal biology is becoming apparent. Here we review our current understanding on the role of inosine in tRNAs, the enzymes that catalyze the modification and the evolutionary link between such enzymes and other deaminases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Gabriel Torres
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), C/ Baldiri Reixac 10, Barcelona 08028, Catalonia, Spain
| | - David Piñeyro
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), C/ Baldiri Reixac 10, Barcelona 08028, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Liudmila Filonava
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), C/ Baldiri Reixac 10, Barcelona 08028, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Travis H Stracker
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), C/ Baldiri Reixac 10, Barcelona 08028, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Eduard Batlle
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), C/ Baldiri Reixac 10, Barcelona 08028, Catalonia, Spain; Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), P/ Lluís Companys 23, Barcelona 08010, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Lluis Ribas de Pouplana
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), C/ Baldiri Reixac 10, Barcelona 08028, Catalonia, Spain; Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), P/ Lluís Companys 23, Barcelona 08010, Catalonia, Spain.
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35
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Brown NJ, Marjanović M, Lüders J, Stracker TH, Costanzo V. Cep63 and cep152 cooperate to ensure centriole duplication. PLoS One 2013; 8:e69986. [PMID: 23936128 PMCID: PMC3728344 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0069986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2013] [Accepted: 06/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Centrosomes consist of two centrioles embedded in pericentriolar material and function as the main microtubule organising centres in dividing animal cells. They ensure proper formation and orientation of the mitotic spindle and are therefore essential for the maintenance of genome stability. Centrosome function is crucial during embryonic development, highlighted by the discovery of mutations in genes encoding centrosome or spindle pole proteins that cause autosomal recessive primary microcephaly, including Cep63 and Cep152. In this study we show that Cep63 functions to ensure that centriole duplication occurs reliably in dividing mammalian cells. We show that the interaction between Cep63 and Cep152 can occur independently of centrosome localisation and that the two proteins are dependent on one another for centrosomal localisation. Further, both mouse and human Cep63 and Cep152 cooperate to ensure efficient centriole duplication by promoting the accumulation of essential centriole duplication factors upstream of SAS-6 recruitment and procentriole formation. These observations describe the requirement for Cep63 in maintaining centriole number in dividing mammalian cells and further establish the order of events in centriole formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola J Brown
- Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, Clare Hall Laboratories, South Mimms, United Kingdom
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36
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Abstract
The DNA damage response (DDR) rapidly recognizes DNA lesions and initiates the appropriate cellular programs to maintain genome integrity. This includes the coordination of cell cycle checkpoints, transcription, translation, DNA repair, metabolism, and cell fate decisions, such as apoptosis or senescence (Jackson and Bartek, 2009). DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) represent one of the most cytotoxic DNA lesions and defects in their metabolism underlie many human hereditary diseases characterized by genomic instability (Stracker and Petrini, 2011; McKinnon, 2012). Patients with hereditary defects in the DDR display defects in development, particularly affecting the central nervous system, the immune system and the germline, as well as aberrant metabolic regulation and cancer predisposition. Central to the DDR to DSBs is the ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) kinase, a master controller of signal transduction. Understanding how ATM signaling regulates various aspects of the DDR and its roles in vivo is critical for our understanding of human disease, its diagnosis and its treatment. This review will describe the general roles of ATM signaling and highlight some recent advances that have shed light on the diverse roles of ATM and related proteins in human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Travis H. Stracker
- Oncology Programme, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona)Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ignasi Roig
- Departament de Biologia Cellular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Institut de Biotecnologia i Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonBarcelona, Spain
| | - Philip A. Knobel
- Oncology Programme, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona)Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marko Marjanović
- Oncology Programme, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona)Barcelona, Spain
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37
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Abstract
The maintenance of genome stability depends on the DNA damage response (DDR), which is a functional network comprising signal transduction, cell cycle regulation and DNA repair. The metabolism of DNA double-strand breaks governed by the DDR is important for preventing genomic alterations and sporadic cancers, and hereditary defects in this response cause debilitating human pathologies, including developmental defects and cancer. The MRE11 complex, composed of the meiotic recombination 11 (MRE11), RAD50 and Nijmegen breakage syndrome 1 (NBS1; also known as nibrin) proteins is central to the DDR, and recent insights into its structure and function have been gained from in vitro structural analysis and studies of animal models in which the DDR response is deficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Travis H Stracker
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine Barcelona, C/ Baldiri Reixac 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
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38
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Deriano L, Stracker TH, Baker A, Petrini JHJ, Roth DB. Roles for NBS1 in alternative nonhomologous end-joining of V(D)J recombination intermediates. Mol Cell 2009; 34:13-25. [PMID: 19362533 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2009.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2008] [Revised: 01/28/2009] [Accepted: 03/20/2009] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Recent work has highlighted the importance of alternative, error-prone mechanisms for joining DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) in mammalian cells. These noncanonical, nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ) pathways threaten genomic stability but remain poorly characterized. The RAG postcleavage complex normally prevents V(D)J recombination-associated DSBs from accessing alternative NHEJ. Because the MRE11/RAD50/NBS1 complex localizes to RAG-mediated DSBs and possesses DNA end tethering, processing, and joining activities, we asked whether it plays a role in the mechanism of alternative NHEJ or participates in regulating access of DSBs to alternative repair pathways. We find that NBS1 is required for alternative NHEJ of hairpin coding ends, suppresses alternative NHEJ of signal ends, and promotes proper resolution of inversional recombination intermediates. These data demonstrate that the MRE11 complex functions at two distinct levels, regulating repair pathway choice (likely through enhancing the stability of DNA end complexes) and participating in alternative NHEJ of coding ends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludovic Deriano
- Department of Pathology, The Helen L and Martin S. Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine at the Skirball Institute for Biomolecular Medicine and , New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
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39
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Stracker TH, Usui T, Petrini JHJ. Taking the time to make important decisions: the checkpoint effector kinases Chk1 and Chk2 and the DNA damage response. DNA Repair (Amst) 2009; 8:1047-54. [PMID: 19473886 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2009.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The cellular DNA damage response (DDR) is activated by many types of DNA lesions. Upon recognition of DNA damage by sensor proteins, an intricate signal transduction network is activated to coordinate diverse cellular outcomes that promote genome integrity. Key components of the DDR in mammalian cells are the checkpoint effector kinases Chk1 and Chk2 (referred to henceforth as the effector kinases; orthologous to spChk1 and spCds1 in the fission yeast S. pombe and scChk1 and scRad53 in the budding yeast S. cerevisiae). These evolutionarily conserved and structurally divergent kinases phosphorylate numerous substrates to regulate the DDR. This review will focus on recent advances in our understanding of the structure, regulation, and functions of the effector kinases in the DDR, as well as their potential roles in human disease.
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40
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Shull ERP, Lee Y, Nakane H, Stracker TH, Zhao J, Russell HR, Petrini JHJ, McKinnon PJ. Differential DNA damage signaling accounts for distinct neural apoptotic responses in ATLD and NBS. Genes Dev 2009; 23:171-80. [PMID: 19171781 DOI: 10.1101/gad.1746609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The MRN complex (Mre11/RAD50/NBS1) and ATM (ataxia telangiectasia, mutated) are critical for the cellular response to DNA damage. ATM disruption causes ataxia telangiectasia (A-T), while MRN dysfunction can lead to A-T-like disease (ATLD) or Nijmegen breakage syndrome (NBS). Neuropathology is a hallmark of these diseases, whereby neurodegeneration occurs in A-T and ATLD while microcephaly characterizes NBS. To understand the contrasting neuropathology resulting from Mre11 or Nbs1 hypomorphic mutations, we analyzed neural tissue from Mre11(ATLD1/ATLD1) and Nbs1(DeltaB/DeltaB) mice after genotoxic stress. We found a pronounced resistance to DNA damage-induced apoptosis after ionizing radiation or DNA ligase IV (Lig4) loss in the Mre11(ATLD1/ATLD1) nervous system that was associated with defective Atm activation and phosphorylation of its substrates Chk2 and p53. Conversely, DNA damage-induced Atm phosphorylation was defective in Nbs1(DeltaB/DeltaB) neural tissue, although apoptosis occurred normally. We also conditionally disrupted Lig4 throughout the nervous system using Nestin-cre (Lig4(Nes-Cre)), and while viable, these mice showed pronounced microcephaly and a prominent age-related accumulation of DNA damage throughout the brain. Either Atm-/- or Mre11(ATLD1/ATLD1) genetic backgrounds, but not Nbs1(DeltaB/DeltaB), rescued Lig4(Nes-Cre) microcephaly. Thus, DNA damage signaling in the nervous system is different between ATLD and NBS and likely explains their respective neuropathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin R P Shull
- Department of Genetics and Tumor Cell Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, USA
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41
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Stracker TH, Petrini JHJ. Working together and apart: the twisted relationship of the Mre11 complex and Chk2 in apoptosis and tumor suppression. Cell Cycle 2008; 7:3618-21. [PMID: 19029802 DOI: 10.4161/cc.7.23.7064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Central to the DNA damage response (DDR) is the highly conserved Mre11 complex consisting of Mre11, Rad50 and Nbs1. The Mre11 complex acts as a sensor of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) and regulates the signal transduction cascades that are triggered following damage detection.(1) Rare human genetic instability syndromes such as Ataxia-telangiectasia (A-T) and Nijmegen Breakage Syndrome (NBS) have underscored the importance of the DSB response in the suppression of tumorigenesis, as well as other severe pathologies affecting the development of both the immune system and the central nervous system. Using murine models of the human diseases, we have investigated the role of the Mre11 complex, and other modulators of the DSB response, in tumor suppression.(2,3) We found that the checkpoint kinase Chk2 is crucial for the suppression of a diverse array of tumor types in Mre11 complex mutants and uncovered multiple roles for the Mre11 complex in apoptotic signaling in parallel to Chk2.(4,5).
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Affiliation(s)
- Travis H Stracker
- Molecular Biology, Sloan-Kettering Institute, New York, New York 10021, USA
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42
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Stracker TH, Couto SS, Cordon-Cardo C, Matos T, Petrini JH. Chk2 Suppresses the Oncogenic Potential of DNA Replication-Associated DNA Damage. Mol Cell 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2008.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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43
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Stracker TH, Couto SS, Cordon-Cardo C, Matos T, Petrini JHJ. Chk2 suppresses the oncogenic potential of DNA replication-associated DNA damage. Mol Cell 2008; 31:21-32. [PMID: 18614044 PMCID: PMC2586815 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2008.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2007] [Revised: 02/20/2008] [Accepted: 04/28/2008] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The Mre11 complex (Mre11, Rad50, and Nbs1) and Chk2 have been implicated in the DNA-damage response, an inducible process required for the suppression of malignancy. The Mre11 complex is predominantly required for repair and checkpoint activation in S phase, whereas Chk2 governs apoptosis. We examined the relationship between the Mre11 complex and Chk2 in the DNA-damage response via the establishment of Nbs1(DeltaB/DeltaB) Chk2(-/-) and Mre11(ATLD1/ATLD1) Chk2(-/-) mice. Chk2 deficiency did not modify the checkpoint defects or chromosomal instability of Mre11 complex mutants; however, the double-mutant mice exhibited synergistic defects in DNA-damage-induced p53 regulation and apoptosis. Nbs1(DeltaB/DeltaB) Chk2(-/-) and Mre11(ATLD1/ATLD1) Chk2(-/-) mice were also predisposed to tumors. In contrast, DNA-PKcs-deficient mice, in which G1-specific chromosome breaks are present, did not exhibit synergy with Chk2(-/-) mutants. These data suggest that Chk2 suppresses the oncogenic potential of DNA damage arising during S and G2 phases of the cell cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Travis H. Stracker
- Molecular Biology Program, Sloan-Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center and Cornell University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY10021, USA
| | - Suzana S. Couto
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Carlos Cordon-Cardo
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Tulio Matos
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - John H. J. Petrini
- Molecular Biology Program, Sloan-Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center and Cornell University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY10021, USA
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44
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Stracker TH, Morales M, Couto SS, Hussein H, Petrini JHJ. The carboxy terminus of NBS1 is required for induction of apoptosis by the MRE11 complex. Nature 2007; 447:218-21. [PMID: 17429352 PMCID: PMC3089978 DOI: 10.1038/nature05740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2007] [Accepted: 03/09/2007] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The MRE11 complex (MRE11, RAD50 and NBS1) and the ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) kinase function in the same DNA damage response pathway to effect cell cycle checkpoint activation and apoptosis. The functional interaction between the MRE11 complex and ATM has been proposed to require a conserved C-terminal domain of NBS1 for recruitment of ATM to sites of DNA damage. Human Nijmegen breakage syndrome (NBS) cells and those derived from multiple mouse models of NBS express a hypomorphic NBS1 allele that exhibits impaired ATM activity despite having an intact C-terminal domain. This indicates that the NBS1 C terminus is not sufficient for ATM function. We derived Nbs1(DeltaC/DeltaC) mice in which the C-terminal ATM interaction domain is deleted. Nbs1(DeltaC/DeltaC) cells exhibit intra-S-phase checkpoint defects, but are otherwise indistinguishable from wild-type cells with respect to other checkpoint functions, ionizing radiation sensitivity and chromosome stability. However, multiple tissues of Nbs1(DeltaC/DeltaC) mice showed a severe apoptotic defect, comparable to that of ATM- or CHK2-deficient animals. Analysis of p53 transcriptional targets and ATM substrates showed that, in contrast to the phenotype of Chk2(-/-) mice, NBS1(DeltaC) does not impair the induction of proapoptotic genes. Instead, the defects observed in Nbs1(DeltaC/DeltaC) result from impaired phosphorylation of ATM targets including SMC1 and the proapoptotic factor, BID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Travis H Stracker
- Molecular Biology and Genetics, Sloan-Kettering Institute, New York, New York 10021, USA
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45
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Araujo FD, Stracker TH, Carson CT, Lee DV, Weitzman MD. Adenovirus type 5 E4orf3 protein targets the Mre11 complex to cytoplasmic aggresomes. J Virol 2005; 79:11382-91. [PMID: 16103189 PMCID: PMC1193610 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.79.17.11382-11391.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2005] [Accepted: 06/01/2005] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Virus infections have dramatic effects on structural and morphological characteristics of the host cell. The gene product of open reading frame 3 in the early region 4 (E4orf3) of adenovirus serotype 5 (Ad5) is involved in efficient replication and late protein synthesis. During infection with adenovirus mutants lacking the E4 region, the viral genomic DNA is joined into concatemers by cellular DNA repair factors, and this requires the Mre11/Rad50/Nbs1 complex. Concatemer formation can be prevented by the E4orf3 protein, which causes the cellular redistribution of the Mre11 complex. Here we show that E4orf3 colocalizes with components of the Mre11 complex in nuclear tracks and also in large cytoplasmic accumulations. Rearrangement of Mre11 and Rad50 by Ad5 E4orf3 is not dependent on interactions with Nbs1 or promyelocytic leukemia protein nuclear bodies. Late in infection the cytoplasmic inclusions appear as a distinct juxtanuclear accumulation at the centrosome and this requires an intact microtubule cytoskeleton. The large cytoplasmic accumulations meet the criteria defined for aggresomes, including gamma-tubulin colocalization and formation of a surrounding vimentin cage. E4orf3 also appears to alter the solubility of the cellular Mre11 complex. These data suggest that E4orf3 can target the Mre11 complex to an aggresome and may explain how the cellular repair complex is inactivated during adenovirus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe D Araujo
- Laboratory of Genetics, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, San Diego, CA 92186-5800, USA
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46
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Abstract
The early transcriptional region 4 (E4) of adenovirus type 5 (Ad5) encodes gene products that modulate splicing, apoptosis, transcription, DNA replication, and repair pathways. Viruses lacking both E4orf3 and E4orf6 have a severe replication defect, partially characterized by the formation of genome concatemers. Concatemer formation is dependent upon the cellular Mre11 complex and is prevented by both the E4orf3 and E4orf6 proteins. The Mre11/Rad50/Nbs1 proteins are targeted for proteasome-mediated degradation by the Ad5 viral E1b55K/E4orf6 complex. The expression of Ad5 E4orf3 causes a redistribution of Mre11 complex members and results in their exclusion from viral replication centers. For this study, we further analyzed the interactions of E4 proteins from different adenovirus serotypes with the Mre11 complex. Analyses of infections with serotypes Ad4 and Ad12 demonstrated that the degradation of Mre11/Rad50/Nbs1 proteins is a conserved feature of the E1b55K/E4orf6 complex. Surprisingly, Nbs1 and Rad50 were localized to the replication centers of both Ad4 and Ad12 viruses prior to Mre11 complex degradation. The transfection of expression vectors for the E4orf3 proteins of Ad4 and Ad12 did not alter the localization of Mre11 complex members. The E4orf3 proteins of Ad4 and Ad12 also failed to complement defects in both concatemer formation and late protein production of a virus with a deletion of E4. These results reveal surprising differences among the highly conserved E4orf3 proteins from different serotypes in the ability to disrupt the Mre11 complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Travis H Stracker
- Laboratory of Genetics, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
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47
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Stracker TH, Theunissen JWF, Morales M, Petrini JHJ. The Mre11 complex and the metabolism of chromosome breaks: the importance of communicating and holding things together. DNA Repair (Amst) 2004; 3:845-54. [PMID: 15279769 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2004.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The conserved Mre11 complex (Mre11, Rad50, and Nbs1) plays a role in each aspect of chromosome break metabolism. The complex acts as a break sensor and functions in the activation and propagation of signaling pathways that govern cell cycle checkpoint functions in response to DNA damage. In addition, the Mre11 complex influences recombinational DNA repair through promoting recombination between sister chromatids. The Mre11 complex is required for mammalian cell viability but hypomorphic mutants of Mre11 and Nbs1 have been identified in human genetic instability disorders. These hypomorphic mutations, as well as those identified in yeast, have provided a benchmark for establishing mouse models of Mre11 complex deficiency. In addition to consideration of Mre11 complex functions in human cells and yeast, this review will discuss the characterization of mouse models and insight gleaned from those models regarding the metabolism of chromosome breaks. The current picture of break metabolism supports a central role for the Mre11 complex at the interface of chromosome stability and the regulation of cell growth. Further genetic analysis of the Mre11 complex will be an invaluable tool for dissecting its function on an organismal level and determining its role in the prevention of malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Travis H Stracker
- Molecular Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Cornell University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, NY 10021, USA
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48
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Arthur LM, Gustausson K, Hopfner KP, Carson CT, Stracker TH, Karcher A, Felton D, Weitzman MD, Tainer J, Carney JP. Structural and functional analysis of Mre11-3. Nucleic Acids Res 2004; 32:1886-93. [PMID: 15047855 PMCID: PMC390353 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkh343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2003] [Revised: 02/27/2004] [Accepted: 02/27/2004] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The Mre11, Rad50 and Nbs1 proteins make up the conserved multi-functional Mre11 (MRN) complex involved in multiple, critical DNA metabolic processes including double-strand break repair and telomere maintenance. The Mre11 protein is a nuclease with broad substrate recognition, but MRN-dependent processes requiring the nuclease activity are not clearly defined. Here, we report the functional and structural characterization of a nuclease-deficient Mre11 protein termed mre11-3. Importantly, the hmre11-3 protein has wild-type ability to bind DNA, Rad50 and Nbs1; however, nuclease activity was completely abrogated. When expressed in cell lines from patients with ataxia telangiectasia-like disorder (ATLD), hmre11-3 restored the formation of ionizing radiation-induced foci. Consistent with the biochemical results, the 2.3 A crystal structure of mre11-3 from Pyrococcus furiosus revealed an active site structure with a wild-type-like metal-binding environment. The structural analysis of the H85L mutation provides a detailed molecular basis for the ability of mre11-3 to bind but not hydrolyze DNA. Together, these results establish that the mre11-3 protein provides an excellent system for dissecting nuclease-dependent and independent functions of the Mre11 complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Matthew Arthur
- Radiation Oncology Research Laboratory, Department of Radiation Oncology, Molecular and Cell Biology Graduate Program and Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
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49
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Stracker TH, Cassell GD, Ward P, Loo YM, van Breukelen B, Carrington-Lawrence SD, Hamatake RK, van der Vliet PC, Weller SK, Melendy T, Weitzman MD. The Rep protein of adeno-associated virus type 2 interacts with single-stranded DNA-binding proteins that enhance viral replication. J Virol 2004; 78:441-53. [PMID: 14671124 PMCID: PMC303412 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.78.1.441-453.2004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Adeno-associated virus (AAV) type 2 is a human parvovirus whose replication is dependent upon cellular proteins as well as functions supplied by helper viruses. The minimal herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) proteins that support AAV replication in cell culture are the helicase-primase complex of UL5, UL8, and UL52, together with the UL29 gene product ICP8. We show that AAV and HSV-1 replication proteins colocalize at discrete intranuclear sites. Transfections with mutant genes demonstrate that enzymatic functions of the helicase-primase are not essential. The ICP8 protein alone enhances AAV replication in an in vitro assay. We also show localization of the cellular replication protein A (RPA) at AAV centers under a variety of conditions that support replication. In vitro assays demonstrate that the AAV Rep68 and Rep78 proteins interact with the single-stranded DNA-binding proteins (ssDBPs) of Ad (Ad-DBP), HSV-1 (ICP8), and the cell (RPA) and that these proteins enhance binding and nicking of Rep proteins at the origin. These results highlight the importance of intranuclear localization and suggest that Rep interaction with multiple ssDBPs allows AAV to replicate under a diverse set of conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Travis H Stracker
- Laboratory of Genetics, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
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50
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Carson CT, Schwartz RA, Stracker TH, Lilley CE, Lee DV, Weitzman MD. The Mre11 complex is required for ATM activation and the G2/M checkpoint. EMBO J 2003; 22:6610-20. [PMID: 14657032 PMCID: PMC291825 DOI: 10.1093/emboj/cdg630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 444] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2003] [Revised: 10/24/2003] [Accepted: 10/27/2003] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The maintenance of genome integrity requires a rapid and specific response to many types of DNA damage. The conserved and related PI3-like protein kinases, ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) and ATM-Rad3-related (ATR), orchestrate signal transduction pathways in response to genomic insults, such as DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). It is unclear which proteins recognize DSBs and activate these pathways, but the Mre11/Rad50/NBS1 complex has been suggested to act as a damage sensor. Here we show that infection with an adenovirus lacking the E4 region also induces a cellular DNA damage response, with activation of ATM and ATR. Wild-type virus blocks this signaling through degradation of the Mre11 complex by the viral E1b55K/E4orf6 proteins. Using these viral proteins, we show that the Mre11 complex is required for both ATM activation and the ATM-dependent G(2)/M checkpoint in response to DSBs. These results demonstrate that the Mre11 complex can function as a damage sensor upstream of ATM/ATR signaling in mammalian cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian T Carson
- Laboratory of Genetics, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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