1
|
Benziane N, Sargos P, Zilli T, Giraud A, Ingrosso G, Di Staso M, Trippa F, Meyer E, Francolini G, Schick U, Cosset J, Martin E, Ferrari V, Achard V, Giraud N, Pasquier C, Magné N, Pasquier D, Supiot S, Latorzeff I, Gnep K, Pommier P, Perennec T, Zaine H. OC-0607 Radiotherapy guided by functional imaging for macroscopic local recurrence following prostatectomy. Radiother Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(22)02629-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
2
|
Zilli T, Siva S, Heikkilä R, Dirix P, Liefhooghe N, Otte F, Gomez-Iturriaga A, Everaerts W, Shelan M, Conde- Moreno A, López Campos F, Papachristofilou A, Guckenberger M, Scorsetti M, Zapatero A, Villafranca Iturre A, Eito C, Couñago F, Muto P, Van De Voorde L, Fonteyne V, Moon D, Thon K, Mercier C, Achard V, Stellamans K, Goetghebeur E, Reynders D, Ost P. OC-0603 PEACE V – STORM randomized phase II trial for oligorecurrent nodal prostate cancer: acute toxicity. Radiother Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(22)02625-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
3
|
Corkum MT, Achard V, Morton G, Zilli T. Ultrahypofractionated Radiotherapy for Localised Prostate Cancer: How Far Can We Go? Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2021; 34:340-349. [PMID: 34961659 DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2021.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Following adoption of moderately hypofractionated radiotherapy as a standard for localised prostate cancer, ultrahypofractioned radiotherapy delivered in five to seven fractions is rapidly being embraced by clinical practice and international guidelines. However, the question remains: how low can we go? Can radiotherapy for prostate cancer be delivered in fewer than five fractions? The current review summarises the evidence that radiotherapy for localised prostate cancer can be safely and effectively delivered in fewer than five fractions using high dose rate brachytherapy or stereotactic body radiotherapy. We also discuss important lessons learned from the single-fraction high dose rate brachytherapy experience.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M T Corkum
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiology, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - V Achard
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, Geneva University, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - G Morton
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - T Zilli
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, Geneva University, Geneva, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Achard V, Heikkilä R, Dirix P, Siva S, Liefhooghe N, Conde-Moreno A, Meersschout S, Muto P, Eíto C, Barrado M, Putora P, Zwhalen D, Scorsetti M, Zapatero A, Van De Voorde L, López Campos F, Couñago F, Vanhoutte F, Jaccard M, Dipasquale G, Ost P, Zilli T. PO-1712 Oligorecurrent nodal prostate cancer: radiotherapy QA of the randomized PEACE V-STORM phase II trial. Radiother Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)08163-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
5
|
Lamanna G, Jorcano S, Bral S, Rubio C, Oliveira A, Bottero M, Abacioglu U, Achard V, Minn H, Symon Z, Zilli T, Miralbell R. PD-0061: Does the dose to penile bulb/internal pudendal arteries matter for erectile dysfunction post-SBRT? Radiother Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)00087-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
6
|
Celse T, Cazin C, Mietton F, Martinez G, Martinez D, Thierry-Mieg N, Septier A, Guillemain C, Beurois J, Clergeau A, Mustapha SFB, Kharouf M, Zoghmar A, Chargui A, Papaxanthos A, Dorphin B, Foliguet B, Triki C, Sifer C, Lauton D, Tachdjian G, Schuler G, Lejeune H, Puechberty J, Bessonnat J, Pasquier L, Mery L, Poulain M, Chaabouni M, Sermondade N, Cabry R, Benbouhadja S, Veau S, Frapsauce C, Mitchell V, Achard V, Satre V, Hennebicq S, Zouari R, Arnoult C, Kherraf ZE, Coutton C, Ray PF. Genetic analyses of a large cohort of infertile patients with globozoospermia, DPY19L2 still the main actor, GGN confirmed as a guest player. Hum Genet 2020; 140:43-57. [PMID: 33108537 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-020-02229-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Globozoospermia is a rare phenotype of primary male infertility inducing the production of round-headed spermatozoa without acrosome. Anomalies of DPY19L2 account for 50-70% of all cases and the entire deletion of the gene is by far the most frequent defect identified. Here, we present a large cohort of 69 patients with 20-100% of globozoospermia. Genetic analyses including multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification, Sanger sequencing and whole-exome sequencing identified 25 subjects with a homozygous DPY19L2 deletion (36%) and 14 carrying other DPY19L2 defects (20%). Overall, 11 deleterious single-nucleotide variants were identified including eight novel and three already published mutations. Patients with a higher rate of round-headed spermatozoa were more often diagnosed and had a higher proportion of loss of function anomalies, highlighting a good genotype phenotype correlation. No gene defects were identified in patients carrying < 50% of globozoospermia while diagnosis efficiency rose to 77% for patients with > 50% of globozoospermia. In addition, results from whole-exome sequencing were scrutinized for 23 patients with a DPY19L2 negative diagnosis, searching for deleterious variants in the nine other genes described to be associated with globozoospermia in human (C2CD6, C7orf61, CCDC62, CCIN, DNAH17, GGN, PICK1, SPATA16, and ZPBP1). Only one homozygous novel truncating variant was identified in the GGN gene in one patient, confirming the association of GGN with globozoospermia. In view of these results, we propose a novel diagnostic strategy focusing on patients with at least 50% of globozoospermia and based on a classical qualitative PCR to detect DPY19L2 homozygous deletions. In the absence of the latter, we recommend to perform whole-exome sequencing to search for defects in DPY19L2 as well as in the other previously described candidate genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tristan Celse
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Team Genetics Epigenetics and Therapies of Infertility, Université Grenoble Alpes, INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR 5309, 38000, Grenoble, France.,CHU Grenoble Alpes, UM GI-DPI, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Caroline Cazin
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Team Genetics Epigenetics and Therapies of Infertility, Université Grenoble Alpes, INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR 5309, 38000, Grenoble, France.,CHU Grenoble Alpes, UM GI-DPI, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Flore Mietton
- CHU Grenoble Alpes, UM GI-DPI, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Guillaume Martinez
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Team Genetics Epigenetics and Therapies of Infertility, Université Grenoble Alpes, INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR 5309, 38000, Grenoble, France.,CHU Grenoble Alpes, UM de Génétique Chromosomique, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | | | | | - Amandine Septier
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, TIMC-IMAG, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Catherine Guillemain
- Pôle Femmes-Parents-Enfants, Centre Clinico-Biologique AMP-CECOS, Plateforme Cancer et Fertilité ONCOPACA-Corse, Assistance-Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), Marseille, France.,Aix Marseille University, INSERM, MMG, UMR_S 1251, Marseille, France
| | - Julie Beurois
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Team Genetics Epigenetics and Therapies of Infertility, Université Grenoble Alpes, INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR 5309, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | | | | | - Mahmoud Kharouf
- Polyclinique les Jasmins, Centre d'Aide Médicale à la Procréation, Centre Urbain Nord, 1003, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Abdelali Zoghmar
- Reproduction Sciences and Surgery Clinique, Ibn Rochd, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Ahmed Chargui
- Faculté de Médecine, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Universitaire Paris Centre, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Cochin, Service d'Histologie-Embryologie-Biologie de la Reproduction, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Aline Papaxanthos
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Bernard Foliguet
- Toxicology and Molecular Biology, Institute Jean Lamour UMR 7198 du CNRS, Université de Lorraine, 54000, Nancy, France
| | - Chema Triki
- Centre d'AMP, Clinique Hannibal, Les Berges du Lac, 1053, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Christophe Sifer
- Service de Biologie de la Reproduction, d'Histo-Embryologie et Cytogénétique, Hôpital Jean-Verdier, Avenue du 14 Juillet, 93140, Bondy, France
| | - Dominique Lauton
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - Gérard Tachdjian
- UMR 967, INSERM, Service d'Histologie Embryologie et Cytogénétique, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, AP-HP, Clamart, France
| | | | - Hervé Lejeune
- Reproductive Medicine Department, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Jacques Puechberty
- Département de Génétique Médicale, Maladies Rares et Médecine Personnalisée, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, CHU de Montpellier, Université Montpelier, Montpellier, France
| | - Julien Bessonnat
- CHU de Grenoble, UF de Biologie de la Procréation, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Laurent Pasquier
- Service de Génétique Clinique, CLAD Ouest, CHU Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Lionel Mery
- Service de Médecine de la Reproduction, CHU de Saint-Étienne, Hôpital Nord, 42055, Saint-Étienne Cedex 2, France
| | - Marine Poulain
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hôpital Foch, Université de Paris Ouest (UVSQ), Suresnes, France
| | - Myriam Chaabouni
- Polyclinique les Jasmins, Centre d'Aide Médicale à la Procréation, Centre Urbain Nord, 1003, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Nathalie Sermondade
- Service de Biologie de la Reproduction-CECOS, Hôpital Tenon, AP-HP, 75020, Paris, France
| | - Rosalie Cabry
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Reproductive Medicine, Picardie University Jules Verne, Amiens University Medical Centre, Amiens, France
| | - Sebti Benbouhadja
- Reproduction Sciences and Surgery Clinique, Ibn Rochd, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Ségolène Veau
- CHU, Centre d'AMP-CECOS, University Rennes, 16 Boulevard de Bulgarie, 35000, Rennes, France
| | - Cynthia Frapsauce
- CHU Bretonneau, Médecine et Biologie de la Reproduction-CECOS, Tours, France
| | - Valérie Mitchell
- EA 4308, Department of Reproductive Biology and Spermiology-CECOS Lille, University Medical Center, 59037, Lille, France
| | - Vincent Achard
- CECOS-Laboratoire de Biologie de la Reproduction, Pôle de Gynécologie Obstétrique et Reproduction (Gynépôle), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM) la Conception, 13005, Marseille, France.,Centre Clinico-Biologique d'Assistance Médicale à la Procréation, Pôle de Gynécologie Obstétrique et Reproduction (Gynépôle), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM) la Conception, 13005, Marseille, France.,Faculté de Médecine, Institut Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et d'Écologie (IMBE UMR 7263), Equipe Biogénotoxicologie, Santé Humaine et Environnement, Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, IRD, Université Avignon, 27, Boulevard Jean-Moulin, 13385, Marseille Cedex 5, France
| | - Veronique Satre
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Team Genetics Epigenetics and Therapies of Infertility, Université Grenoble Alpes, INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR 5309, 38000, Grenoble, France.,CHU Grenoble Alpes, UM de Génétique Chromosomique, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Sylviane Hennebicq
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Team Genetics Epigenetics and Therapies of Infertility, Université Grenoble Alpes, INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR 5309, 38000, Grenoble, France.,CHU de Grenoble, UF de Biologie de la Procréation, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Raoudha Zouari
- Pôle Femmes-Parents-Enfants, Centre Clinico-Biologique AMP-CECOS, Plateforme Cancer et Fertilité ONCOPACA-Corse, Assistance-Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), Marseille, France
| | - Christophe Arnoult
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Team Genetics Epigenetics and Therapies of Infertility, Université Grenoble Alpes, INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR 5309, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Zine-Eddine Kherraf
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Team Genetics Epigenetics and Therapies of Infertility, Université Grenoble Alpes, INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR 5309, 38000, Grenoble, France.,CHU Grenoble Alpes, UM GI-DPI, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Charles Coutton
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Team Genetics Epigenetics and Therapies of Infertility, Université Grenoble Alpes, INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR 5309, 38000, Grenoble, France.,CHU Grenoble Alpes, UM de Génétique Chromosomique, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Pierre F Ray
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Team Genetics Epigenetics and Therapies of Infertility, Université Grenoble Alpes, INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR 5309, 38000, Grenoble, France. .,CHU Grenoble Alpes, UM GI-DPI, 38000, Grenoble, France.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Achard V, Jorcano S, Rouzaud M, Escude L, Miralbell R, Zilli T. EP-1554 Twice vs thrice-weekly moderate hypofractionated EBRT for PCa: does overall treatment time matter? Radiother Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(19)31974-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
8
|
Elkhatib RA, Paci M, Boissier R, Longepied G, Auguste Y, Achard V, Bourgeois P, Levy N, Branger N, Mitchell MJ, Metzler-Guillemain C. LEM-domain proteins are lost during human spermiogenesis but BAF and BAF-L persist. Reproduction 2017; 154:387-401. [PMID: 28684548 DOI: 10.1530/rep-17-0358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Revised: 06/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
During spermiogenesis the spermatid nucleus is elongated, and dramatically reduced in size with protamines replacing histones to produce a highly compacted chromatin. After fertilisation, this process is reversed in the oocyte to form the male pronucleus. Emerging evidence, including the coordinated loss of the nuclear lamina (NL) and the histones, supports the involvement of the NL in spermatid nuclear remodelling, but how the NL links to the chromatin is not known. In somatic cells, interactions between the NL and the chromatin have been demonstrated: LEM-domain proteins and LBR interact with the NL and respectively, the chromatin proteins BAF and HP1. We therefore sought to characterise the lamina-chromatin interface during spermiogenesis, by investigating the localisation of six LEM-domain proteins, two BAF proteins and LBR, in human spermatids and spermatozoa. Using RT-PCR, IF and western blotting, we show that six of the proteins tested are present in spermatids: LEMD1, LEMD2 (a short isoform), ANKLE2, LAP2β, BAF and BAF-L, and three absent: Emerin, LBR and LEMD3. The full-length LEMD2 isoform, required for nuclear integrity in somatic cells, is absent. In spermatids, no protein localised to the nuclear periphery, but five were nucleoplasmic, receding towards the posterior nuclear pole as spermatids matured. Our study therefore establishes that the lamina-chromatin interface in human spermatids is radically distinct from that defined in somatic cells. In ejaculated spermatozoa, we detected only BAF and BAF-L, suggesting that they might contribute to the shaping of the spermatozoon nucleus and, after fertilisation, its transition to the male pronucleus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Marine Paci
- Aix Marseille UnivINSERM, GMGF, UMR_S 910, Marseille, France
- APHM Hôpital La ConceptionGynépôle, Laboratoire de Biologie de la Reproduction-CECOS, Marseille Cedex 5, France
| | - Romain Boissier
- APHM Hôpital La ConceptionService d'Urologie, Marseille Cedex 5, France
| | - Guy Longepied
- Aix Marseille UnivINSERM, GMGF, UMR_S 910, Marseille, France
| | - Yasmina Auguste
- Aix Marseille UnivINSERM, GMGF, UMR_S 910, Marseille, France
| | - Vincent Achard
- APHM Hôpital La ConceptionGynépôle, Laboratoire de Biologie de la Reproduction-CECOS, Marseille Cedex 5, France
- Aix-Marseille UnivUniv Avignon, CNRS, IRD, IMBE, UMR7263, Marseille France
| | | | - Nicolas Levy
- Aix Marseille UnivINSERM, GMGF, UMR_S 910, Marseille, France
| | - Nicolas Branger
- APHM Hôpital La ConceptionService d'Urologie, Marseille Cedex 5, France
| | | | - Catherine Metzler-Guillemain
- Aix Marseille UnivINSERM, GMGF, UMR_S 910, Marseille, France
- APHM Hôpital La ConceptionGynépôle, Laboratoire de Biologie de la Reproduction-CECOS, Marseille Cedex 5, France
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ali S, Chaspoul F, Anderson L, Bergé-Lefranc D, Achard V, Perrin J, Gallice P, Guichaoua M. Mapping Fifteen Trace Elements in Human Seminal Plasma and Sperm DNA. Biol Trace Elem Res 2017; 175:244-253. [PMID: 27278963 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-016-0772-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Studies suggest a relationship between semen quality and the concentration of trace elements in serum or seminal plasma. However, trace elements may be linked to DNA and capable of altering the gene expression patterns. Thus, trace element interactions with DNA may contribute to the mechanisms for a trans-generational reproductive effect. We developed an analytical method to determine the amount of trace elements bound to the sperm DNA, and to estimate their affinity for the sperm DNA by the ratio: R = Log [metal concentration in the sperm DNA/metal concentration in seminal plasma]. We then analyzed the concentrations of 15 trace elements (Al, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Ti, V, Zn, As, Sb, and Se) in the seminal plasma and the sperm DNA in 64 normal and 30 abnormal semen specimens with Inductively Coupled Plasma/Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). This study showed all trace elements were detected in the seminal plasma and only metals were detected in the sperm DNA. There was no correlation between the metals' concentrations in the seminal plasma and the sperm DNA. Al had the highest affinity for DNA followed by Pb and Cd. This strong affinity is consistent with the known mutagenic effects of these metals. The lowest affinity was observed for Zn and Ti. We observed a significant increase of Al linked to the sperm DNA of patients with oligozoospermia and teratozoospermia. Al's reproductive toxicity might be due to Al linked to DNA, by altering spermatogenesis and expression patterns of genes involved in the function of reproduction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sazan Ali
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Education Sciences, School of Science, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimani, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
- IMBE, UMR CNRS, IRD, Faculté de Médecine, Aix Marseille Université, Avignon Université, Marseille, France
| | - Florence Chaspoul
- IMBE, UMR CNRS, IRD, Faculté de Médecine, Aix Marseille Université, Avignon Université, Marseille, France.
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique et Prévention des risques et Nuisances Technologiques, Faculté de Pharmacie, Marseille, France.
| | - Loundou Anderson
- Methodological Assistance Unity for Clinical Research, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Marseille, France
| | - David Bergé-Lefranc
- IMBE, UMR CNRS, IRD, Faculté de Médecine, Aix Marseille Université, Avignon Université, Marseille, France
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique et Prévention des risques et Nuisances Technologiques, Faculté de Pharmacie, Marseille, France
| | - Vincent Achard
- IMBE, UMR CNRS, IRD, Faculté de Médecine, Aix Marseille Université, Avignon Université, Marseille, France
- Department of Gynecology Obstetrics and Reproduction (Gynepole), CECOS Laboratory of Biology of Reproduction, AP-HM La Conception University Hospital, Marseille, France
| | - Jeanne Perrin
- IMBE, UMR CNRS, IRD, Faculté de Médecine, Aix Marseille Université, Avignon Université, Marseille, France
- Department of Gynecology Obstetrics and Reproduction (Gynepole), CECOS Laboratory of Biology of Reproduction, AP-HM La Conception University Hospital, Marseille, France
| | - Philippe Gallice
- IMBE, UMR CNRS, IRD, Faculté de Médecine, Aix Marseille Université, Avignon Université, Marseille, France
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique et Prévention des risques et Nuisances Technologiques, Faculté de Pharmacie, Marseille, France
| | - Marie Guichaoua
- IMBE, UMR CNRS, IRD, Faculté de Médecine, Aix Marseille Université, Avignon Université, Marseille, France
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Achard V, Sanchez C, Tassistro V, Verdier M, Alessi MC, Grino M. Immediate Postnatal Overfeeding in Rats Programs Aortic Wall Structure Alterations and Metalloproteinases Dysregulation in Adulthood. Am J Hypertens 2016; 29:719-26. [PMID: 26547079 DOI: 10.1093/ajh/hpv183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alterations in the nutritional perinatal environment, such as intrauterine growth retardation with subsequent postnatal catch-up growth, program cardiovascular disease in adulthood, possibly through alterations in matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and -9. However, experimental evidences demonstrating that changes in the nutritional perinatal environment can program MMP-2 and -9 with subsequent alterations of vessel wall are lacking. AIM The current study evaluated whether immediate postnatal overfeeding is able to alter vascular morphological indexes and circulating and/or vascular MMP2-2 and -9 status. METHODS Aortic morphology (wall thickness and percentage of incomplete elastin lamellae) and circulating and aortic MMP-2 and -9 activity (measured by gelatin zymography) and aortic MMP-2 and -9 mRNA (measured by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)) were studied in adult male rats overfed (OF) or normofed (NF) during the immediate postnatal period. RESULTS Postnatal overfeeding induced early onset obesity. Adult OF rats presented with increased blood pressure and circulating MMP-2 and -9 activity. In the thoracic aorta, postnatal overfeeding increased wall thickness and decreased elastin integrity (as demonstrated by an increased percentage of incomplete elastin lamellae). OF rats showed enhanced aortic MMP-2 activity and MMP-9 mRNA levels. Circulating and aortic MMP-2 activity correlated positively with the percentage of incomplete elastin lamellae and aortic wall thickness, respectively. CONCLUSION Our data demonstrate for the first time that immediate postnatal nutritional programming induces increases in circulating and aortic MMP-2 activity with parallel aortic wall alterations, such as decreased elastin integrity and enhanced thickening, showing that this experimental model is suitable for the study of perinatal nutritional programming of vascular functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Achard
- Inserm, UMR1062, Marseille, France; INRA, UMR 1260, Marseille, France; Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Caroline Sanchez
- Inserm, UMR1062, Marseille, France; INRA, UMR 1260, Marseille, France; Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Virginie Tassistro
- Inserm, UMR1062, Marseille, France; INRA, UMR 1260, Marseille, France; Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Monique Verdier
- Inserm, UMR1062, Marseille, France; INRA, UMR 1260, Marseille, France; Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Marie-Christine Alessi
- Inserm, UMR1062, Marseille, France; INRA, UMR 1260, Marseille, France; Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Michel Grino
- Inserm, UMR1062, Marseille, France; INRA, UMR 1260, Marseille, France; Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ould Hamouda S, Perrin J, Achard V, Courbière B, Grillo JM, Sari-Minodier I. [Association between sperm abnormalities and occupational environment among male consulting for couple infertility]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 45:1-10. [PMID: 26387599 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgyn.2015.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2014] [Revised: 08/02/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Alteration of sperm parameters related to occupational exposures is the subject of several studies, often on a case-control approach. The study populations usually comprise men consulting in infertility clinics for couple infertility. The objective of this review is to identify, from these case-control studies, the main occupational factors that may be associated with altered sperm parameters. We selected 13 articles in the PubMed database. Participation in these studies varied from 61 to 2619 subjects, with great methodological heterogeneity, particularly in the characterization of exposure. The main occupations that appear significantly associated with a risk of altered sperm parameters are workmen, painters, farmers, welders, plumbers and technicians. When analysis focuses on occupational exposures, a significant result is reported for solvents, heavy metals, heat, vibrations and non-ionizing radiation. None of the selected studies has found a link with exposure to pesticides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Ould Hamouda
- Service de médecine et santé au travail, pôle de santé publique, Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM) la Timone, 13005 Marseille, France; CECOS-laboratoire de biologie de la reproduction, pôle de gynécologie obstétrique et reproduction (Gynépôle), Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM) la Conception, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - J Perrin
- CECOS-laboratoire de biologie de la reproduction, pôle de gynécologie obstétrique et reproduction (Gynépôle), Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM) la Conception, 13005 Marseille, France; Centre clinico-biologique d'assistance médicale à la procréation, pôle de gynécologie obstétrique et reproduction (Gynépôle), Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM) la Conception, 13005 Marseille, France; Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie (IMBE UMR 7263), équipe biogénotoxicologie, santé humaine et environnement, faculté de médecine, Aix Marseille université, CNRS, IRD, université Avignon, 27, boulevard Jean-Moulin, 13385 Marseille cedex 5, France
| | - V Achard
- CECOS-laboratoire de biologie de la reproduction, pôle de gynécologie obstétrique et reproduction (Gynépôle), Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM) la Conception, 13005 Marseille, France; Centre clinico-biologique d'assistance médicale à la procréation, pôle de gynécologie obstétrique et reproduction (Gynépôle), Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM) la Conception, 13005 Marseille, France; Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie (IMBE UMR 7263), équipe biogénotoxicologie, santé humaine et environnement, faculté de médecine, Aix Marseille université, CNRS, IRD, université Avignon, 27, boulevard Jean-Moulin, 13385 Marseille cedex 5, France
| | - B Courbière
- Centre clinico-biologique d'assistance médicale à la procréation, pôle de gynécologie obstétrique et reproduction (Gynépôle), Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM) la Conception, 13005 Marseille, France; Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie (IMBE UMR 7263), équipe biogénotoxicologie, santé humaine et environnement, faculté de médecine, Aix Marseille université, CNRS, IRD, université Avignon, 27, boulevard Jean-Moulin, 13385 Marseille cedex 5, France
| | - J-M Grillo
- CECOS-laboratoire de biologie de la reproduction, pôle de gynécologie obstétrique et reproduction (Gynépôle), Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM) la Conception, 13005 Marseille, France; Centre clinico-biologique d'assistance médicale à la procréation, pôle de gynécologie obstétrique et reproduction (Gynépôle), Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM) la Conception, 13005 Marseille, France; Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie (IMBE UMR 7263), équipe biogénotoxicologie, santé humaine et environnement, faculté de médecine, Aix Marseille université, CNRS, IRD, université Avignon, 27, boulevard Jean-Moulin, 13385 Marseille cedex 5, France
| | - I Sari-Minodier
- Service de médecine et santé au travail, pôle de santé publique, Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM) la Timone, 13005 Marseille, France; Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie (IMBE UMR 7263), équipe biogénotoxicologie, santé humaine et environnement, faculté de médecine, Aix Marseille université, CNRS, IRD, université Avignon, 27, boulevard Jean-Moulin, 13385 Marseille cedex 5, France.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Preaubert L, Courbiere B, Achard V, Tassistro V, Greco F, Orsiere T, Bottero JY, Rose J, Auffan M, Perrin J. Cerium dioxide nanoparticles affectin vitrofertilization in mice. Nanotoxicology 2015; 10:111-7. [DOI: 10.3109/17435390.2015.1030792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
|
13
|
Bottin P, Achard V, Courbiere B, Paci M, Gnisci A, Jouve E, Grillo JM, Paulmyer-Lacroix O. Politique de transfert électif d’un embryon à 48/72h : quels résultats après transferts frais et transferts d’embryons congelés ? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 43:297-303. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gyobfe.2015.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2014] [Accepted: 02/03/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
14
|
Elkhatib R, Longepied G, Paci M, Achard V, Grillo JM, Levy N, Mitchell MJ, Metzler-Guillemain C. Nuclear envelope remodelling during human spermiogenesis involves somatic B-type lamins and a spermatid-specific B3 lamin isoform. Mol Hum Reprod 2015; 21:225-36. [PMID: 25477337 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gau111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The nuclear lamina (NL) is a filamentous protein meshwork, composed essentially of lamins, situated between the inner nuclear membrane and the chromatin. There is mounting evidence that the NL plays a role in spermatid differentiation during spermiogenesis. The mouse spermatid NL is composed of the ubiquitous lamin B1 and the spermatid-specific lamin B3, an N-terminally truncated isoform of lamin B2. However, nothing is known about the NL in human spermatids. We therefore investigated the expression pattern and localization of A-type lamins (A, C and C2) and B-type lamins (B1, B2 and B3) during human spermiogenesis. Here, we show that a lamin B3 transcript is present in human spermatids and that B-type lamins are the only lamins detectable in human spermatids. We determine that, as shown for their mouse counterparts, human lamin B3, but not lamin B2, induces strong nuclear deformation, when ectopically expressed in HeLa cells. Co-immunofluorescence revealed that, in human spermatids, B-type lamins are present at the nuclear periphery, except in the region covered by the acrosome, and that as the spermatid matures the B-type lamins recede towards the posterior pole. Only lamin B1 remains detectable on 33-47% of ejaculated spermatozoa. On spermatozoa selected for normal head density, however, this fell to <6%, suggesting that loss of the NL signal may be linked to complete sperm nucleus compaction. The similarities revealed between lamin expression during human and rodent spermiogenesis, strengthen evidence that the NL and lamin B3 have conserved functions during the intense remodelling of the mammalian spermatid nucleus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Razan Elkhatib
- Aix Marseille Université, INSERM, GMGF UMR_S 910, 13385, Marseille, France
| | - Guy Longepied
- Aix Marseille Université, INSERM, GMGF UMR_S 910, 13385, Marseille, France
| | - Marine Paci
- Aix Marseille Université, INSERM, GMGF UMR_S 910, 13385, Marseille, France APHM Hôpital La Conception, Gynépôle, Laboratoire de Biologie de la Reproduction-CECOS, 13385 Marseille Cedex 5, France
| | - Vincent Achard
- APHM Hôpital La Conception, Gynépôle, Laboratoire de Biologie de la Reproduction-CECOS, 13385 Marseille Cedex 5, France
| | - Jean-Marie Grillo
- APHM Hôpital La Conception, Gynépôle, Laboratoire de Biologie de la Reproduction-CECOS, 13385 Marseille Cedex 5, France Aix Marseille Université, Laboratoire de Biogénotoxicologie et Mutagenèse Environnementale, EA 1784 - Fédération de Recherche CNRS no 3098 Ecosystèmes Continentaux et Risques Environnementaux, 13385 Marseille Cedex 5, France
| | - Nicolas Levy
- Aix Marseille Université, INSERM, GMGF UMR_S 910, 13385, Marseille, France
| | - Michael J Mitchell
- Aix Marseille Université, INSERM, GMGF UMR_S 910, 13385, Marseille, France
| | - Catherine Metzler-Guillemain
- Aix Marseille Université, INSERM, GMGF UMR_S 910, 13385, Marseille, France APHM Hôpital La Conception, Gynépôle, Laboratoire de Biologie de la Reproduction-CECOS, 13385 Marseille Cedex 5, France
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Bechah Y, Verneau J, Ben Amara A, Barry AO, Lépolard C, Achard V, Panicot-Dubois L, Textoris J, Capo C, Ghigo E, Mege JL. Persistence of Coxiella burnetii, the agent of Q fever, in murine adipose tissue. PLoS One 2014; 9:e97503. [PMID: 24835240 PMCID: PMC4023977 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2013] [Accepted: 04/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Coxiella burnetii, the agent of Q fever, is known to persist in humans and rodents but its cellular reservoir in hosts remains undetermined. We hypothesized that adipose tissue serves as a C. burnetii reservoir during bacterial latency. BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice were infected with C. burnetii by the intraperitoneal route or the intracheal route. Adipose tissue was tested for the presence of C. burnetii several months after infection. C. burnetii was detected in abdominal, inguinal and dorsal adipose tissue 4 months post-infection, when no bacteria were detected in blood, liver, lungs and spleen, regardless of the inoculation route and independently of mouse strain. The transfer of abdominal adipose tissue from convalescent BALB/c mice to naïve immunodeficient mice resulted in the infection of the recipient animals. It is likely that C. burnetii infects adipocytes in vivo because bacteria were found in adipocytes within adipose tissue and replicated within in vitro-differentiated adipocytes. In addition, C. burnetii induced a specific transcriptional program in in-vivo and in vitro-differentiated adipocytes, which was enriched in categories associated with inflammatory response, hormone response and cytoskeleton. These changes may account for bacterial replication in in-vitro and chronic infection in-vivo. Adipose tissue may be the reservoir in which C. burnetii persists for prolonged periods after apparent clinical cure. The mouse model of C. burnetii infection may be used to understand the relapses of Q fever and provide new perspectives to the follow-up of patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yassina Bechah
- Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses Transmissibles et Emergentes, Aix-Marseille Université, UMR CNRS 7278, IRD 198, INSERM U1095, Marseille, France
- * E-mail:
| | - Johanna Verneau
- Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses Transmissibles et Emergentes, Aix-Marseille Université, UMR CNRS 7278, IRD 198, INSERM U1095, Marseille, France
| | - Amira Ben Amara
- Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses Transmissibles et Emergentes, Aix-Marseille Université, UMR CNRS 7278, IRD 198, INSERM U1095, Marseille, France
| | - Abdoulaye O. Barry
- Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses Transmissibles et Emergentes, Aix-Marseille Université, UMR CNRS 7278, IRD 198, INSERM U1095, Marseille, France
| | - Catherine Lépolard
- Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses Transmissibles et Emergentes, Aix-Marseille Université, UMR CNRS 7278, IRD 198, INSERM U1095, Marseille, France
| | - Vincent Achard
- Nutrition, Obésité et Risque Thrombotique, Aix-Marseille Université, UMR_S INSERM, Marseille, France
| | - Laurence Panicot-Dubois
- Aix-Marseille Université UMR-S1076, Endothélium, Pathologies Vasculaires et Cibles Thérapeutiques, Marseille, France
| | - Julien Textoris
- Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses Transmissibles et Emergentes, Aix-Marseille Université, UMR CNRS 7278, IRD 198, INSERM U1095, Marseille, France
| | - Christian Capo
- Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses Transmissibles et Emergentes, Aix-Marseille Université, UMR CNRS 7278, IRD 198, INSERM U1095, Marseille, France
| | - Eric Ghigo
- Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses Transmissibles et Emergentes, Aix-Marseille Université, UMR CNRS 7278, IRD 198, INSERM U1095, Marseille, France
| | - Jean-Louis Mege
- Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses Transmissibles et Emergentes, Aix-Marseille Université, UMR CNRS 7278, IRD 198, INSERM U1095, Marseille, France
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Dinelli L, Courbière B, Achard V, Jouve E, Deveze C, Gnisci A, Grillo JM, Paulmyer-Lacroix O. Prognosis factors of pregnancy after intrauterine insemination with the husband's sperm: conclusions of an analysis of 2,019 cycles. Fertil Steril 2014; 101:994-1000. [PMID: 24534285 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2013] [Revised: 01/06/2014] [Accepted: 01/06/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify the prognostic factors for pregnancy after intrauterine insemination with the husband's sperm (IUI-H). DESIGN Retrospective study. SETTING A single university medical center. PATIENT(S) 851 couples, for 2,019 IUI-H cycles. INTERVENTION(S) After controlled ovarian stimulation, IUI-H performed 36 hours after ovulation triggering or 24 hours after a spontaneous luteinizing hormone (LH) surge. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Clinical pregnancy rate per cycle (PR) and delivery rate per cycle (DR). RESULT(S) The overall PR was 14.8% and DR 10.8%. Higher PR and DR were observed for patients presenting with ovulation disorders (particularly polycystic ovary syndrome) or with male infertility. Secondary infertility in the woman appeared to be a positive prognostic factor as did a basal follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) level ≤ 7 IU/L and ovulation triggering over spontaneous LH rise. The other parameters influencing the results were the women's age, the number of mature follicles obtained (≥ 2), the endometrial thickness (10-11 mm), and the number of progressive motile spermatozoa inseminated (>1 million). CONCLUSION(S) In women aged ≤ 38 years, IUI-H should be considered as an option, particularly in cases of female infertility from ovulation disorders, in cases of a normal ovarian reserve, in cases of secondary infertility, or when ≥ 1 million progressive sperm are inseminated. Bifollicular stimulation is required. In other cases, in vitro fertilization should be discussed as the first-line treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laka Dinelli
- Department of Gynecology-Obstetric and Reproduction, Gynepôle, AP-HM La Conception, Marseille, France
| | - Blandine Courbière
- Department of Gynecology-Obstetric and Reproduction, Gynepôle, AP-HM La Conception, Marseille, France; IMBE, Biogénotoxicologie, Santé Humaine & Environnement UMR 6116, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille FR CNRS 3098, ECCOREV, Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Vincent Achard
- Department of Gynecology-Obstetric and Reproduction, Gynepôle, AP-HM La Conception, Marseille, France; Department of Histology-Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Elisabeth Jouve
- CIC-CPCET, Data Management and Biostatistics, AP-HM, Marseille, France
| | - Carole Deveze
- Department of Gynecology-Obstetric and Reproduction, Gynepôle, AP-HM La Conception, Marseille, France
| | - Audrey Gnisci
- Department of Gynecology-Obstetric and Reproduction, Gynepôle, AP-HM La Conception, Marseille, France
| | - Jean-Marie Grillo
- Department of Gynecology-Obstetric and Reproduction, Gynepôle, AP-HM La Conception, Marseille, France; Department of Histology-Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Odile Paulmyer-Lacroix
- Department of Gynecology-Obstetric and Reproduction, Gynepôle, AP-HM La Conception, Marseille, France; Department of Histology-Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Achard V, Boullu-Ciocca S, Desbriére R, Grino M. Perinatal programming of central obesity and the metabolic syndrome: role of glucocorticoids. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2012; 4:129-37. [PMID: 18370759 DOI: 10.1089/met.2006.4.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) is associated with increased prevalence, at the adult age, of central obesity, the metabolic syndrome, and its complications (type 2 diabetes and coronary heart disease). Programming of the corticotropic function is one of the mechanisms underlying the above-mentioned phenomenon. An increased passage of active glucocorticoids from the mother to the fetus can act, at the central nervous system level, to program an enhanced response to stress and, at the peripheral level, in adipose tissue to induce an increased local glucocorticoid exposure and sensitivity. In addition to an improvement of the health of pregnant women, early diagnosis of metabolic and hormonal disturbances is important in children with IUGR, in order to prevent a compensatory catch-up growth and its subsequent obesity, and to set up a therapeutic intervention against the deleterious consequences of hypercorticism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Achard
- Inserm U626, Marseille, France., Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Geoffroy-Siraudin C, Perrard MH, Ghalamoun-Slaimi R, Ali S, Chaspoul F, Lanteaume A, Achard V, Gallice P, Durand P, Guichaoua MR. Ex-vivo assessment of chronic toxicity of low levels of cadmium on testicular meiotic cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2012; 262:238-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2012.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2012] [Revised: 04/24/2012] [Accepted: 04/26/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
|
19
|
Silaghi A, Silaghi H, Scridon T, Pais R, Achard V. Glucocorticoid receptors in human epicardial adipose tissue: role of coronary status. J Endocrinol Invest 2012; 35:649-54. [PMID: 21971518 DOI: 10.3275/7969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) is in close contact with coronary vessels and therefore could alter coronary homeostasis. Glucocorticoids are pathophysiological mediators of visceral fat deposition and its associated atherogenic complications. AIM We investigated in EAT the expression of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and its various (A, B, C) promoters. MATERIALS AND METHODS Paired subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and EAT biopsies were obtained from 15 patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and 12 patients without CAD (NCAD). GR and 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 protein (11β-HSD-1, the enzyme which converts inactive cortisone into active cortisol) were studied by immunohistochemistry and GR and its various promoters were studied by mRNA quantitative RT-PCR. RESULTS GR and 11β-HSD-1 protein were expressed in adipocytes, stromal areas, isolated stromal cells close to adipocytes, and blood vessels. Total GR mRNA levels did not differ in SAT obtained from NCAD or CAD patients and were decreased in EAT, irrespectively of the coronary status, with parallel changes in promoter B- and C-, but not promoter A-associated transcripts. Total GR mRNA and adipocyte surface in EAT obtained from CAD patients were correlated negatively (p<0.035, r=0.39). CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate that in EAT, GR gene promoters could play a role in tissue- specific GR expression levels. EAT may be less sensitive to glucocorticoids than SAT, preventing the EAT mass development in CAD patients and suggesting a protective role on coronary homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Silaghi
- County Emergency Hospital, Department of Endocrinology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iuliu Hatieganu, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Geoffroy-Siraudin C, Loundou AD, Romain F, Achard V, Courbière B, Perrard MH, Durand P, Guichaoua MR. Decline of semen quality among 10 932 males consulting for couple infertility over a 20-year period in Marseille, France. Asian J Androl 2012; 14:584-90. [PMID: 22522503 DOI: 10.1038/aja.2011.173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Semen from 10 932 male partners of infertile couples was analysed and sperm parameter trends were evaluated at the Reproduction Biology Laboratory of the University Hospital of Marseille (France) between 1988 and 2007. After 3-6 days of abstinence, semen samples were collected. Measurements of seminal fluid volume, pH, sperm concentration, total sperm count, motility and detailed morphology of spermatozoa were performed. Sperm parameters were analysed on the entire population and in men with normal total numeration (≥40 million per ejaculate). The whole population demonstrated declining trends in sperm concentration (1.5% per year), total sperm count (1.6% per year), total motility (0.4% per year), rapid motility (5.5% per year) and normal morphology (2.2% per year). In the group of selected samples with total normal sperm count, the same trends of sperm quality deterioration with time were observed. Our results clearly indicate that the quality of semen decreased in this population over the study period.
Collapse
|
21
|
Achard V, Tassistro V, Boullu-Ciocca S, Grino M. Expression and nutritional regulation of the (pro)renin receptor in rat visceral adipose tissue. J Endocrinol Invest 2011; 34:840-6. [PMID: 21483231 DOI: 10.3275/7627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early life nutritional environment plays an important role in the development of visceral adipose tissue and interacts with nutritional regulations in adulthood, leading to metabolic dysregulations. AIM We hypothesized that the renin-angiotensin system may play a role in the programming-induced development of visceral adipose tissue. MATERIAL AND METHODS We studied, using a model of programming of overweight and glucose intolerance, obtained by post-natal overfeeding with consecutive highfat diet, the status of plasma renin activity and mesenteric adipose renin-angiotensin system, including the recently identified (pro)renin receptor, in adult rats. RESULTS Post-natal overfeeding or high-fat feeding lead to overweight with increased visceral fat mass and adipocytes surface. When both paradigms were associated, adipocytes surface showed a disproportionate increase. A strong immunoreactivity for (pro)renin receptor was found in stromal cells. Plasma renin activity increased in programmed animals whereas (pro)renin receptor expressing cells density was stimulated by high-fat diet. There was a positive, linear relationship between plasma renin activity and (pro)renin receptor expressing cells density and adipocytes surface. CONCLUSIONS Our experiments demonstrate that association of post-natal overfeeding and high-fat diet increased plasma renin activity and adipose (pro)renin receptor expression. Such phenomenon could explain, at least in part, the associated disproportionate adipocyte hypertrophy and its accompanying increased glucose intolerance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V Achard
- Aix-Marseille University, Laboratoire d'Histologie-Embryologie, Marseille, France
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Vaiman D, Gascoin-Lachambre G, Boubred F, Mondon F, Feuerstein JM, Ligi I, Grandvuillemin I, Barbaux S, Ghigo E, Achard V, Simeoni U, Buffat C. The intensity of IUGR-induced transcriptome deregulations is inversely correlated with the onset of organ function in a rat model. PLoS One 2011; 6:e21222. [PMID: 21731679 PMCID: PMC3120850 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0021222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2011] [Accepted: 05/23/2011] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
A low-protein diet applied during pregnancy in the rat results in intrauterine growth restricted (IUGR) fetuses. In humans, IUGR is associated with increased perinatal morbidity, higher incidence of neuro-developmental defects and increased risk of adult metabolic anomalies, such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Development and function of many organs are affected by environmental conditions such as those inducing fetal and early postnatal growth restriction. This phenomenon, termed "fetal programming" has been studied unconnectedly in some organs, but very few studies (if any) have investigated at the same time several organs, on a more comparative basis. However, it is quite probable that IUGR affects differentially most organ systems, with possible persistent changes in gene expression. In this study we address transcriptional alterations induced by IUGR in a multi-organ perspective, by systematic analysis of 20-days rat fetuses. We show that (1) expressional alterations are apparently stronger in organs functioning late in foetal or postnatal life than in organs that are functioning early (2) hierarchical classification of the deregulations put together kidney and placenta in one cluster, liver, lungs and heart in another; (3) the epigenetic machinery is set up especially in the placenta, while its alterations are rather mild in other organs; (4) the genes appear deregulated in chromosome clusters; (5) the altered expression cascades varies from organ to organ, with noticeably a very significant modification of the complement and coagulation cascades in the kidney; (6) we found a significant increase in TF binding site for HNF4 proteins specifically for liver genes that are down-regulated in IUGR, suggesting that this decrease is achieved through the action of HNF transcription factors, that are themselves transcriptionnally induced in the liver by IUGR (x 1.84 fold). Altogether, our study suggests that a combination of tissue-specific mechanisms contributes to bring about tissue-driven modifications of gene cascades. The question of these cascades being activated to adapt the organ to harsh environmental condition, or as an endpoint consequence is still raised.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Vaiman
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut Cochin, Paris, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Achard V, Weber P, Mercier G, Blanchard MP. High-magnification observation of seminiferous tubules through the tunica albuginea by two-photon laser scanning microscopy. Asian J Androl 2011; 13:774-6. [PMID: 21478898 DOI: 10.1038/aja.2011.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Testicular sperm extraction is widely used in the treatment of male infertility in cases of non-obstructive azoospermia. Identifying spermatogenetic foci within the testes is critical for testicular sperm extraction. Two-photon laser scanning microscopy (TPLSM) is an autofluorescence-based microscopy technique that allows observation at a cellular level in the depth of fresh living tissues and does not require any histological processing (fixation or staining). The wavelengths previously used have shown no phototoxicity on sperm. We used TPLSM to detect spermatogenetic foci in fresh mouse testicular parenchyma without disrupting the tunica albuginea. Fresh surgically retrieved testes were observed using TPLSM within 1 h after extraction. Contralateral testes for each animal were observed using standard histology. Using TPLSM we were able to observe and measure the diameter of seminiferous tubules through the tunica albuginea, similar to the histological control. Structures within epithelial tubules were also observed, although their nature has yet to be identified. TPLSM is a real-time microscopy technique that could detect spermatogenetic foci.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Achard
- Laboratoire d'Histologie-Cytologie, Faculté de Médecine secteur Timone, Université de la Méditerranée, Marseille 13385, France.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Dutour A, Achard V, Sell H, Naour N, Collart F, Gaborit B, Silaghi A, Eckel J, Alessi MC, Henegar C, Clément K. Secretory type II phospholipase A2 is produced and secreted by epicardial adipose tissue and overexpressed in patients with coronary artery disease. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2010; 95:963-7. [PMID: 20008021 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2009-1222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) is a visceral adipose tissue in close contact with coronary vessels, the excess of which is associated with coronary artery disease (CAD). OBJECTIVE Our goal was to identify candidate molecule(s) characterizing EAT that could intervene in the pathogenesis of CAD. DESIGN An approach combining microarrays and bioinformatic sequence analysis tools for predicting secreted proteins (TargetP) was applied to paired biopsies of sc adipose tissue (SAT) and EAT, obtained from patients with or without CAD (NCAD). RESULTS were validated in three independent groups of subjects by quantitative RT-PCR, Western blot, immunohistochemistry, and explant secretion. RESULTS Secretory type II phospholipase A2 (sPLA2-IIA) ranked as the highest gene coding for potentially secreted proteins with the highest overexpression in EAT in both CAD and NCAD. Quantitative RT-PCR confirmed its increased expression in EAT (P < 0.01) as well as EAT from CAD as compared with NCAD (49.3 +/- 13 vs. 17.4 +/- 9.7 P < 0.01). sPLA2-IIA protein levels were higher in EAT than SAT (P < 0.001). EAT explants also showed significantly higher sPLA2-IIA secretion levels than SAT ones (4.37 +/- 2.7 vs. 0.67 +/- 0.28 ng/ml to 1 per gram tissue per 24 h, P < 0.03). sPLA2-IIA labeling was seen in the stroma vascular fraction between adipocytes and in connective capsules in EAT, with no immunostaining of the adipocytes. SAT was weakly labeled following the same process. CONCLUSION We have shown for the first time an increased expression of sPLA2-IIA in EAT in patients with CAD. sPLA2-IIA is a phospholipase, which has been shown to be an independent risk factor for CAD. These findings suggest that EAT has a potentially pathophysiological role in CAD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Dutour
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité 626, Faculté de Médecine Timone, 27 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille Cedex 5, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Guichaoua MR, Geoffroy-Siraudin C, Mercier G, Achard V, Paulmyer-Lacroix O, Metzler-Guillemain C. Aspects génétiques de la tératozoospermie. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 37:540-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gyobfe.2009.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2009] [Accepted: 04/10/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
26
|
De Fleurian G, Perrin J, Ecochard R, Dantony E, Lanteaume A, Achard V, Grillo JM, Guichaoua MR, Botta A, Sari-Minodier I. Occupational Exposures Obtained by Questionnaire in Clinical Practice and Their Association With Semen Quality. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 30:566-79. [DOI: 10.2164/jandrol.108.005918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
27
|
Keophiphath M, Achard V, Henegar C, Rouault C, Clément K, Lacasa D. Macrophage-secreted factors promote a profibrotic phenotype in human preadipocytes. Mol Endocrinol 2008; 23:11-24. [PMID: 18945811 DOI: 10.1210/me.2008-0183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 200] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
White adipose tissue (WAT) in obese humans is characterized by macrophage accumulation the effects of which on WAT biology are not fully understood. We previously demonstrated that macrophage-secreted factors impair preadipocyte differentiation and induce inflammation, and we described the excessive fibrotic deposition in WAT from obese individuals. Microarray analysis revealed significant overexpression of extracellular matrix (ECM) genes in inflammatory preadipocytes. We show here an organized deposition of fibronectin, collagen I, and tenascin-C and clustering of the ECM receptor alpha5 integrin, characterizing inflammatory preadipocytes. Anti-alpha5 integrin-neutralizing antibody decreased proliferation of these cells, underlining the importance of the fibronectin/integrin partnership. Fibronectin-cultured preadipocytes exhibited increased proliferation and expression of both nuclear factor-kappaB and cyclin D1. Small interfering RNA deletion of nuclear factor-kappaB and cyclin D1 showed that these factors link preadipocyte proliferation with inflammation and ECM remodeling. Macrophage-secreted molecules increased preadipocyte migration through an increase in active/phosphorylated focal adhesion kinase. Gene expression and neutralizing antibody experiments suggest that inhibin beta A, a TGF-beta family member, is a major fibrotic factor. Interactions between preadipocytes and macrophages were favored in a three-dimensional collagen I matrix mimicking the fibrotic context of WAT. Cell-rich regions were immunostained for preadipocytes, proliferation, and macrophages in the vicinity of fibrotic WAT from obese individuals. In conclusion, an inflammatory environment leads to profound modifications of the human preadipocyte phenotype, producing fibrotic components with increased migration and proliferation. This phenomenon might play a role in facilitating the constitution of quiescent preadipocyte pools and eventually in the maintenance and aggravation of increased fat mass in obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mayoura Keophiphath
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unité 872, Centre de recherche des Cordeliers, 15 rue de l'école de Médecine, 75005 Paris, France
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
de Fleurian G, Perrin J, Lanteaume A, Achard V, Guichaoua MR, Grillo JM, Botta A, Sari-Minodier I. Expositions professionnelles et fertilité masculine : intérêt d’une collaboration entre médecine du travail et médecine de la reproduction. ARCH MAL PROF ENVIRO 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.admp.2008.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
29
|
Boullu-Ciocca S, Achard V, Tassistro V, Dutour A, Grino M. Postnatal programming of glucocorticoid metabolism in rats modulates high-fat diet-induced regulation of visceral adipose tissue glucocorticoid exposure and sensitivity and adiponectin and proinflammatory adipokines gene expression in adulthood. Diabetes 2008; 57:669-77. [PMID: 18057089 DOI: 10.2337/db07-1316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Alterations of the perinatal environment, which lead to increased prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in adulthood, program an upregulation of systemic and/or adipose tissue glucocorticoid metabolism (11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 [11 beta-HSD-1]-induced corticosterone reactivation). We hypothesized that postnatal programming could modulate high-fat diet-induced adipose tissue dysregulation in adulthood. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We compared the effects of chronic (since weaning) high- or low-fat diet in postnatally normofed (control) or overfed (programmed) rats. RESULTS Postnatal programming accentuated high-fat diet-induced overweight, insulin resistance, glucose intolerance, and decrease in circulating and epididymal adipose tissue adiponectin. Neither manipulation altered liver function. Postnatal programming or high-fat diet increased systemic corticosterone production, which was not further modified when both manipulations were associated. Postnatal programming suppressed high-fat diet-induced decrease in mesenteric adipose tissue (MAT) glucocorticoid sensitivity and triggered high-fat diet-induced increase in MAT glucocorticoid exposure, subsequent to enhanced MAT 11 beta-HSD-1 gene expression. MAT tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, TNF-receptor 1, interleukin (IL)-6, resistin, and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 mRNAs were not changed by high-fat feeding in control rats and showed a large increase in programmed animals, with this effect further enhanced by high-fat diet for TNF-alpha and IL-6. CONCLUSIONS Our data show for the first time that postnatal manipulation programs high-fat diet-induced upregulation of MAT glucocorticoid exposure, sensitivity, and inflammatory status and therefore reveal the pivotal role of the environment during the perinatal period on the development of diet-induced adipose tissue dysregulation in adulthood. They also urge the need for clinical trials with specific 11 beta-HSD-1 inhibitors.
Collapse
|
30
|
Henegar C, Tordjman J, Achard V, Lacasa D, Cremer I, Guerre-Millo M, Poitou C, Basdevant A, Stich V, Viguerie N, Langin D, Bedossa P, Zucker JD, Clement K. Adipose tissue transcriptomic signature highlights the pathological relevance of extracellular matrix in human obesity. Genome Biol 2008; 9:R14. [PMID: 18208606 PMCID: PMC2395253 DOI: 10.1186/gb-2008-9-1-r14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 299] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2007] [Revised: 09/29/2007] [Accepted: 01/21/2008] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Analysis of the transcriptomic signature of white adipose tissue in obese human subjects revealed increased interstitial fibrosis and an infiltration of inflammatory cells into the tissue. Background Investigations performed in mice and humans have acknowledged obesity as a low-grade inflammatory disease. Several molecular mechanisms have been convincingly shown to be involved in activating inflammatory processes and altering cell composition in white adipose tissue (WAT). However, the overall importance of these alterations, and their long-term impact on the metabolic functions of the WAT and on its morphology, remain unclear. Results Here, we analyzed the transcriptomic signature of the subcutaneous WAT in obese human subjects, in stable weight conditions and after weight loss following bariatric surgery. An original integrative functional genomics approach was applied to quantify relations between relevant structural and functional themes annotating differentially expressed genes in order to construct a comprehensive map of transcriptional interactions defining the obese WAT. These analyses highlighted a significant up-regulation of genes and biological themes related to extracellular matrix (ECM) constituents, including members of the integrin family, and suggested that these elements could play a major mediating role in a chain of interactions that connect local inflammatory phenomena to the alteration of WAT metabolic functions in obese subjects. Tissue and cellular investigations, driven by the analysis of transcriptional interactions, revealed an increased amount of interstitial fibrosis in obese WAT, associated with an infiltration of different types of inflammatory cells, and suggest that phenotypic alterations of human pre-adipocytes, induced by a pro-inflammatory environment, may lead to an excessive synthesis of ECM components. Conclusion This study opens new perspectives in understanding the biology of human WAT and its pathologic changes indicative of tissue deterioration associated with the development of obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Corneliu Henegar
- INSERM, UMR-S 872, Les Cordeliers, Eq, 7 Nutriomique and Eq, 13, Paris, F-75006 France.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Silaghi A, Achard V, Paulmyer-Lacroix O, Scridon T, Tassistro V, Duncea I, Clément K, Dutour A, Grino M. Expression of adrenomedullin in human epicardial adipose tissue: role of coronary status. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2007; 293:E1443-50. [PMID: 17878224 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00273.2007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Epicardial white adipose tissue (eWAT) is in close contact with coronary vessels and therefore could alter coronary homeostasis. Adrenomedullin (AM) is a potent vasodilatator and antioxidative peptide which has been shown to play a cytoprotective role in experimental models of acute myocardial infarction. We studied, using immunohistochemistry and qRT-PCR, the expression of AM and its receptors calcitonin receptor-like receptor (CRLR), and receptor activity-modifying protein (RAMP)2 and -3 in paired biopsies of subcutaneous WAT (sWAT) and eWAT obtained from patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) or without CAD (NCAD). In eWAT obtained from NCAD or CAD patients, immunoreactivity for AM, CRLR, and RAMP2 and -3 was detected in blood vessel walls and isolated stromal cells close to adipocytes. Some of the AM positive stromal cells colocalized CD68 immunoreactivity. eWAT from CAD patients showed increased AM immunoreactivity and AM gene expression. CRLR mRNA levels were comparable in sWAT of both groups and decreased by 40-50% in eWAT, irrespectively of the coronary status. RAMP2 mRNA concentrations did not change while RAMP3 mRNA levels increased in sWAT from CAD patients. There was a positive linear relationship between eWAT 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 mRNA (11beta-HSD-1, the enzyme that converts inactive to active glucocorticoids) and AM mRNA. In conclusion, we demonstrate that AM and its receptors are expressed in eWAT. Our data suggest that eWAT AM, which could originate from macrophages, is related to 11beta-HSD-1 expression. AM synthesis, which is increased in eWAT during chronic CAD in humans, can play a cardioprotective role.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alina Silaghi
- INSERM U626, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille Cedex 5, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Dadoun F, Darmon P, Achard V, Boullu-Ciocca S, Philip-Joet F, Alessi MC, Rey M, Grino M, Dutour A. Effect of sleep apnea syndrome on the circadian profile of cortisol in obese men. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2007; 293:E466-74. [PMID: 17505053 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00126.2007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
It has been hypothesized that sleep apnea syndrome (SAS) increases hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity and, through increased cortisol levels, participates in the pathophysiology of metabolic and cardiovascular complications. We compared the circadian profiles of cortisol in obese men with [obSAS+; apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) >or= 20/h] and without SAS (obSAS-; AHI <or= 5/h). 1) Salivary cortisol (5 samples: before/30 min after dinner, 2100, upon/30 min after awakening) was measured in 15 obSAS+, 19 obSAS-, and 19 normal-weight controls (NWC). 2) Plasma cortisol (every 30 min for 24 h under highly controlled conditions and portable EEG device) was measured in 9 obSAS+, 8 obSAS-, and 10 NWC men. Visceral adipose tissue surface was measured by CT scan. In both studies, obSAS+ and obSAS- men were comparable for age, BMI, waist circumference, and waist-to-hip ratio. First, no difference was found, using ANOVA for repeated measures, between obSAS+ and obSAS- subjects for any salivary cortisol measurement. No correlation was found between salivary cortisol and AHI or nocturnal SaO(2). Similarly, obSAS+ and obSAS- men showed no difference in plasma cortisol rhythmicity: 24-h minimum, maximum, and mean, ANOVA for repeated measures, mathematical modeling of cortisol rhythm (COSINOR), and morning secretory peak. Conversely, ANOVA for repeated measures showed decreased cortisol levels in obese vs. NWC men during both the trough (2200-0130) and the peak (0600-0900) independently of SAS status. We show that SAS per se is not associated with any change of the level or of the features of salivary and plasma cortisol rhythmicity and confirm that men with visceral obesity display lower plasma cortisol levels than NWC men.
Collapse
|
33
|
Abstract
Adipose tissue synthesizes all components of the renin-angiotensin system. The renin receptor (RenR) is able, on renin binding, to increase its efficiency to generate angiotensin I from angiotensinogen. We demonstrate that RenR is specifically synthesized in the stromal portion of human adipose tissue in both isolated interadipocyte stromal cells and in stromal areas. RenR is expressed at the periphery of cells, strongly suggesting a membranal localization. RenR protein expression in primary cultures of human stromal cells decreased significantly during differentiation, whereas RenR mRNA levels did not change, demonstrating that RenR was expressed in both preadipocyte and nonpreadipocyte cells, and was regulated at a posttranscriptional level. Double-labeling immunohistochemistry of human adipose tissue sections revealed that RenR was colocalized with renin, whereas incubation of 3T3-L1, a preadipocyte cell line, with renin stimulated the phosphorylation state of the intracellular signaling pathway ERK 1/2, and short exposure of human adipose stromal cells in primary culture to renin was followed by a long-lasting dose-dependent increase of angiotensin I generation, indicating that adipose RenR is functional. We show, using a large set of human adipose tissue biopsies, that RenR expression was increased in visceral compared with subcutaneous adipose tissue of lean and obese patients. Taken together with our finding that RenR was colocalized with plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1, the main inhibitor of the fibrinolytic system in visceral adipose tissue, the above-mentioned data suggest that RenR plays a role in obesity-induced visceral adipose tissue accumulation and its accompanying cardiovascular complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Achard
- Inserm UMR 626, Faculté de Médecine, 27 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille cedex 5, France
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Achard V, Paulmyer-Lacroix O, Mercier G, Porcu G, Saias-Magnan J, Metzler-Guillemain C, Guichaoua MR. Reproductive Failure in Patients With Various Percentages of Macronuclear Spermatozoa: High Level of Aneuploid and Polyploid Spermatozoa. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 28:600-6. [PMID: 17412686 DOI: 10.2164/jandrol.106.001933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to describe the association between various percentages of macronuclear spermatozoa (MNSs), sperm chromosomal abnormalities, and reproductive failure in 4 patients. One patient had a familial history of perinatal deaths. Patients were selected according to the coexistence of normal-sized spermatozoa and MNSs (19%, 22%, 29.5%, and 49.7%). Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) on spermatozoa and semiautomated analysis of nuclear surface were assessed. All patients were characterized by an oligoasthenozoospermia. Three patients had a prevalence of irregular MNSs and prevalence of nondisjunction at the first meiotic division. One patient had a prevalence of regular MNSs and a prevalence of nondisjunction at the second meiotic division. FISH also showed a high rate of polyploidy and various rates of aneuploid sperm. The percentage of sperm with abnormal chromosome complements (25.6%, 43.6%, 51.4%, 71.7% with 3-color FISH) was higher than the percentage of MNSs. A population of apparently normal-sized spermatozoa that could be used for intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) was aneuploid. Sperm nuclear surface analysis revealed either a shift toward elevated values or distinguished 2 sperm subpopulations: normal and macronuclear. Patients underwent 7 ICSI cycles. The fertilization rate was low for 3 patients (50%, 40%, 50%) and normal for 1 patient (83.3%). Pregnancy rate per transfer was low (14.3%). The present study shows that the macronuclear phenotype can manifest a variety of clinical aspects. It is also shown that mild rates of MNSs impair fertility and constitute a risk of chromosomal abnormality for the embryos and a risk of perinatal death. We suggest conducting FISH on spermatozoa and genetic counseling for a couple when the percentage of MNSs reaches 20% in at least 1 spermiogram.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Achard
- Laboratoire de Biologie de la Reproduction, Hôpital de la Conception, 147 Boulevard Baille, 13005 Marseilles, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Paulmyer-Lacroix O, Desbriere R, Poggi M, Achard V, Alessi MC, Boudouresque F, Ouafik L, Vuaroqueaux V, Labuhn M, Dutourand A, Grino M. Expression of adrenomedullin in adipose tissue of lean and obese women. Eur J Endocrinol 2006; 155:177-85. [PMID: 16793965 DOI: 10.1530/eje.1.02170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Adrenomedullin (AM), a potent vasodilatator and antioxidative peptide, was shown recently to be expressed by adipose tissue. The aim of our study was to investigate the precise localization of AM within human adipose tissue, and to examine AM regulation in obesity. DESIGN Subcutaneous (SC) and omental (OM) adipose tissues from 9 lean and 13 obese women were profiled for AM expression changes. Preadipocytes from human adipose tissue were isolated and differentiated under defined adipogenic conditions. METHODS AM expression was analyzed by immunohistochemistry, in situ hybridization and quantitative RT-PCR. RESULTS A strong AM expression was observed in vessel walls, stromal cell clusters and isolated stromal cells, some of them being CD 68 positive, whereas mature adipocytes were not labeled. Calcitonin receptor-like receptor and receptor activity-modifying proteins (RAMP) 2 and RAMP 3 were expressed in vessel walls. In vitro, preadipocytes of early differentiation stages spontaneously secreted AM. No difference in AM localization was found between SC and OM adipose tissue. AM levels in SC tissue did not differ between lean and obese subjects. By contrast, AM levels in OM tissue were significantly higher in obese as compared with lean women. Moreover, we found a positive relationship between OM AM and tumor necrosis factor alpha mRNA levels and AM-immunoreactive area in OM tissue followed the features of the metabolic syndrome. CONCLUSION Stromal cells from human adipose tissue, including macrophages, produce AM. Its synthesis increased in the OM territory during obesity and paralleled the features of the metabolic syndrome. Therefore, AM should be considered as a new member of the adipokine family.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- O Paulmyer-Lacroix
- Inserm UMR 626, UFR de Médecine secteur Timone, 27 Bd Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille cedex 5, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
De Fleurian G, Perrin J, Sari-Minodier I, Achard V, Romain F, Pieyre A, Grillo J, Guichaoua M, Botta A. Impact de l’environnement professionnel dans l’infertilité masculine : mise en place d’une méthodologie d’investigation. ARCH MAL PROF ENVIRO 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s1775-8785(06)78161-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
37
|
Desbriere R, Vuaroqueaux V, Achard V, Boullu-Ciocca S, Labuhn M, Dutour A, Grino M. 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 mRNA is increased in both visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue of obese patients. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2006; 14:794-8. [PMID: 16855188 DOI: 10.1038/oby.2006.92] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Data from rodents provide evidence for a causal role of 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11beta-HSD-1) in the development of obesity and its complications. In humans, 11beta-HSD-1 is increased in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) of obese patients, and higher adipose 11beta-HSD-1 was associated with features of the metabolic syndrome. To date, there is no evidence for an increased expression of 11beta-HSD-1 in human visceral adipose tissue (VAT), although VAT is the major predictor for insulin resistance and the metabolic syndrome. RESEARCH METHODS AND PROCEDURES 11beta-HSD-1 and hexose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (the enzyme responsible for the synthesis of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, the cofactor required for 11beta-HSD-1 oxoreductase activity) mRNA levels were measured using real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction in abdominal SAT and VAT biopsies obtained from 10 normal-weight and 12 obese women. Adiponectin mRNA was used as an internal control. RESULTS 11beta-HSD-1 mRNA concentrations were significantly increased in both SAT and VAT of obese patients (720% and 450% of controls, respectively; p < 0.05) and correlated with hexose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase mRNA levels. The level of VAT 11beta-HSD-1 mRNA correlated with anthropometric parameters: BMI (r = 0.41, p = 0.05), waist circumference (r = 0.44, p = 0.04), abdominal sagittal diameter (r = 0.51, p = 0.02), and percentage fat (r = 0.51, p = 0.02). DISCUSSION Our results demonstrate for the first time that 11beta-HSD-1 mRNA expression is increased in VAT from obese patients. They strengthen the importance of 11beta-HSD-1 in human obesity and its associated complications and suggest the need of clinical studies with specific 11beta-HSD-1 inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raoul Desbriere
- Service de Gynécologie/Obstétrique, CHU Nord, Marseille, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Achard V, Perrin J, Saias-Magnan J, Noizet A, Grillo JM, Paulmyer-Lacroix O. Optimisation des résultats d'inséminations intra-utérines uniques avec sperme de donneur : bilan de quatre ans d'activité. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 33:877-83. [PMID: 16243575 DOI: 10.1016/j.gyobfe.2005.07.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2005] [Accepted: 07/27/2005] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Our aim was to analyse the results of a donor insemination program using ovarian stimulation, swim-up sperm preparation and intrauterine insemination proposed to women with a maximum age of 39. Incidence of several clinical and biological parameters on success rates was investigated. PATIENTS AND METHODS Retrospective analysis of the results of 249 cycles performed in 106 couples during a four-year period is reported. RESULTS Overall pregnancy rate of 28.1% and delivery rate of 22% per cycle were achieved, with a multiple pregnancy rate of 11.4%. Most of the pregnancies (84%) were obtained before the fourth insemination. Among the different parameters studied the total number of motile sperm inseminated was found to be the most important factor for success rate: pregnancy rate per cycle reached 40.4% if more than 1.5 million progressive sperm were inseminated vs. 24.7% if they were less than 1.5 million (P<0.05). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION In precise conditions, outcome of inseminations with donor semen can reach satisfying pregnancy rates, being a valuable help for couples suffering of long-time infertility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V Achard
- Centre d'assistance médicale à la procréation (AMP), CHU la Conception, 147, boulevard Baille, 13005 Marseille, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Boullu-Ciocca S, Dutour A, Guillaume V, Achard V, Oliver C, Grino M. Postnatal diet-induced obesity in rats upregulates systemic and adipose tissue glucocorticoid metabolism during development and in adulthood: its relationship with the metabolic syndrome. Diabetes 2005; 54:197-203. [PMID: 15616029 DOI: 10.2337/diabetes.54.1.197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
In humans, a hyperactivity of glucocorticoid metabolism was postulated to be involved in the intrauterine programming of the metabolic syndrome in adulthood. We studied in rats the effects of overfeeding, obtained by reducing the size of the litter in the immediate postnatal period, a time crucial for neuroendocrine maturation such as late gestation in humans. Overfeeding induced early-onset obesity and accelerated the maturation of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis together with an upregulation of adipose tissue glucocorticoid receptor (GR) mRNA. In adulthood, neonatally overfed rats presented with moderate increases in basal and stress-induced corticosterone secretion and striking changes in visceral adipose tissue glucocorticoid signaling, that is, enhanced GR and 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 mRNA levels. The above-mentioned alterations in the endocrine status of overfed rats were accompanied by a moderate overweight status and significant metabolic disturbances comparable to those described in the metabolic syndrome. Our data demonstrate for the first time that postnatal overfeeding accelerates the maturation of the HPA axis and leads to permanent upregulation of the HPA axis and increased adipose tissue glucocorticoid sensitivity. Thus, the experimental paradigm of postnatal overfeeding is a powerful tool to understand the pathophysiology of glucocorticoid-induced programming of metabolic axes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandrine Boullu-Ciocca
- Laboratoire d'Hématologie, INSERM UMR 626, Faculté de Médecine, 27 Bd Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille Cedex 5, France
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Porcu G, Mercier G, Boyer P, Achard V, Banet J, Vasserot M, Melone C, Saias-Magnan J, D'Ercole C, Chau C, Guichaoua MR. Pregnancies after ICSI using sperm with abnormal head-tail junction from two brothers: case report. Hum Reprod 2003; 18:562-7. [PMID: 12615825 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deg121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We report ICSI pregnancies in two couples with a history of long standing primary infertility in which the sperm of the male partner were either acephalic or had abnormal head-midpiece attachments. The two couples, in which the men are brothers, underwent ICSI. Sperm were analysed by transmission electron microscopy and immunocytochemistry with an anti-MPM2 monoclonal antibody. The first couple underwent two ICSI cycles, each consisting of the injection of two mature oocytes and the transfer of two embryos. A successful pregnancy occurred after the second transfer and led to the birth to a healthy girl. The second couple underwent three ICSI cycles, each consisting of the injection of 18 oocytes and the transfer of two embryos; the last of these led to a triple ongoing pregnancy which included two identical twins. Caesarean section led to the birth of three fetal-growth restricted children. This case report demonstrates that ongoing pregnancies can be achieved in cases of abnormal development of the head-neck attachment. The genetic origin of this syndrome is generally accepted, but the phenotypic heterogeneity observed by light and electron microscopy among published cases suggests that there are a variety of genetic causes of this syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Porcu
- Centre de Procréation Médicalement Assistée, AP-HM, Hôpital de la Conception, 147 Boulevard Baille, 13385 Marseille cedex 05, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|