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Abstract
After the release of federal guidelines to curb opioid misuse, a patient is unable to obtain effective pain treatment and dies from complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Beth Foglia
- Mary Beth Foglia ( marybeth. foglia@va. gov ) is a health care ethicist and acting chief of ethics policy at the National Center for Ethics in Health Care, Department of Veterans Affairs, in Washington, D.C.; and an affiliate faculty member in the Department of Bioethics and Humanities, University of Washington School of Medicine, in Seattle. The views expressed in this article are those of the author and do not reflect the position or policy of the Department of Veterans Affairs or the US government
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Fisher ES, Shortell SM, O'Malley AJ, Fraze TK, Wood A, Palm M, Colla CH, Rosenthal MB, Rodriguez HP, Lewis VA, Woloshin S, Shah N, Meara E. Financial Integration's Impact On Care Delivery And Payment Reforms: A Survey Of Hospitals And Physician Practices. Health Aff (Millwood) 2020; 39:1302-1311. [PMID: 32744948 PMCID: PMC7849626 DOI: 10.1377/hlthaff.2019.01813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Health systems continue to grow in size. Financial integration-the ownership of hospitals or physician practices-often has anticompetitive effects that contribute to the higher prices for health care seen in the US. To determine whether the potential harms of financial integration are counterbalanced by improvements in quality, we surveyed nationally representative samples of hospitals (n = 739) and physician practices (n = 2,189), stratified according to whether they were independent or were owned by complex systems, simple systems, or medical groups. The surveys included nine scales measuring the level of adoption of diverse, quality-focused care delivery and payment reforms. Scores varied widely across hospitals and practices, but little of this variation was explained by ownership status. Quality scores favored financially integrated systems for four of nine hospital measures and one of nine practice measures, but in no case favored complex systems. Greater financial integration was generally not associated with better quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elliott S Fisher
- Elliott S. Fisher is a professor at the Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, in Lebanon, New Hampshire
| | - Stephen M Shortell
- Stephen M. Shortell is the Blue Cross of California Distinguished Professor of Health Policy and Management Emeritus and Professor of the Graduate School, codirector of the Center for Healthcare Organizational and Innovation Research, and dean emeritus at the School of Public Health, all at the University of California Berkeley, in Berkeley, California
| | - A James O'Malley
- A. James O'Malley is a professor of biostatistics at the Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth
| | - Taressa K Fraze
- Taressa K. Fraze is an assistant professor in the Department of Community and Family Medicine at the University of California San Francisco, in San Francisco, California
| | - Andrew Wood
- Andrew Wood is a research associate at the Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth
| | - Marisha Palm
- Marisha Palm is a research associate in the Department of Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, in Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Carrie H Colla
- Carrie H. Colla is a professor at the Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice in the Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth
| | - Meredith B Rosenthal
- Meredith B. Rosenthal is the C. Boyden Gray Professor of Health Economics and Policy in the Department of Health Policy and Management, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, in Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Hector P Rodriguez
- Hector P. Rodriguez is the Henry J. Kaiser Professor of Health Policy and Management, director of the California Initiative for Health Equity and Action, and codirector of the Center for Healthcare Organizational and Innovation Research, School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley
| | - Valerie A Lewis
- Valerie A. Lewis is an associate professor of health policy and management at the Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, in Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Steven Woloshin
- Steven Woloshin is a professor at the Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth
| | - Nilay Shah
- Nilay Shah is a professor at the Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Health Care Delivery, Mayo Clinic, in Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Ellen Meara
- Ellen Meara is a professor of health economics and policy in the Department of Health Policy and Management, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health; an adjunct professor of health policy and clinical practice at the Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth; and a research associate at the National Bureau of Economic Research in Cambridge, Massachusetts
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3
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Abstract
Most states enacted shelter-in-place orders when mitigating the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Emerging evidence indicates that these orders have reduced COVID-19 cases. Using data starting at different dates in March and going through May 15, 2020, we examined the effects of shelter-in-place orders on daily growth rates of both COVID-19 deaths and hospitalizations, using event study models. We found that shelter-in-place orders reduced both the daily mortality growth rate nearly three weeks after their enactment and the daily growth rate of hospitalizations two weeks after their enactment. After forty-two days from enactment, the daily mortality growth rate declined by up to 6.1 percentage points. Projections suggest that as many as 250,000-370,000 deaths were possibly averted by May 15 in the forty-two states plus Washington, D.C., that had statewide shelter-in-place orders. The daily hospitalization growth rate examined in nineteen states with shelter-in-place orders and three states without them that had data on hospitalizations declined by up to 8.4 percentage points after forty-two days. This evidence suggests that shelter-in-place orders have been effective in reducing the daily growth rates of COVID-19 deaths and hospitalizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Lyu
- Wei Lyu is a research associate in the Department of Health Management and Policy, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, in Iowa City, Iowa
| | - George L Wehby
- George L. Wehby is a professor in the Department of Health Management and Policy, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, and a research associate at the National Bureau of Economic Research
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Weil AR. Rural Health, Behavioral Health, And More. Health Aff (Millwood) 2020; 39:919-920. [PMID: 32479231 DOI: 10.1377/hlthaff.2020.00756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Wright B, Jung YS, Askelson NM, Momany ET, Damiano P. Iowa's Medicaid Healthy Behaviors Program Associated With Reduced Hospital-Based Care But Higher Spending, 2012-17. Health Aff (Millwood) 2020; 39:876-883. [PMID: 32364851 DOI: 10.1377/hlthaff.2019.01145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Health behavior incentive programs are increasingly common in Medicaid programs nationwide. Iowa's Healthy Behaviors Program (HBP) requires Medicaid expansion enrollees to complete an annual wellness exam and health risk assessment or pay monthly premiums to avoid disenrollment. The extent to which the program reduces the use of hospital-based care and lowers health care spending is unknown. Using data for 2012-17 from Medicaid and for 2014-17 from HBP, we evaluated changes in use and spending associated with HBP participation. Compared to nonparticipants, HBP participants were less likely to have an emergency department visit or be hospitalized (by 9.6 percentage points and 2.8 percentage points, respectively) but had higher total health care spending ($1,594). Meanwhile, Iowa's Medicaid expansion was associated with increased use and spending independent of HBP participation-that is, applying to both participants and nonparticipants. Overall, our findings suggest that the HBP was associated with substantial reductions in hospital-based care but increased health care spending.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brad Wright
- Brad Wright ( brad_wright@med. unc. edu ) is an associate professor in the Department of Family Medicine and codirector of the Health Care Economics and Finance Program at the Cecil G. Sheps Center for Health Services Research, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - Youn Soo Jung
- Youn Soo Jung is a research associate at the Public Policy Center, University of Iowa, in Iowa City
| | - Natoshia M Askelson
- Natoshia M. Askelson is an assistant professor in the Department of Community and Behavioral Health and a research fellow at the Public Policy Center, University of Iowa
| | - Elizabeth T Momany
- Elizabeth T. Momany is a senior research scientist at the Public Policy Center, University of Iowa
| | - Peter Damiano
- Peter Damiano is a professor in the Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, and director of the Public Policy Center, University of Iowa
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Abstract
It is thought that there are not enough mechanical ventilators in the United States for every patient who may need one during the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. However, there has been no analysis that measures the potential magnitude of the problem or proposes a solution. In this article I combine the pandemic forecasting model used by the federal government with estimates of ventilator availability from the literature to assess the expected shortage under various scenarios. I then propose that the federal government organize a national effort for ventilators to be exchanged between states to take advantage of the intertemporal differences in demand peaks. I evaluate versions of this proposal, including use of the national stockpile, to estimate the potentially substantial number of lives that could be saved. In the absence of other viable solutions, the government should begin this effort in earnest, or else make preparations for such coordination should the country face another pandemic in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Adelman
- Daniel Adelman is the Charles I. Clough, Jr. Professor of Operations Management at the University of Chicago Booth School of Business, in Chicago, Illinois
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Foundation Funding To Research And Advance The ACA. Health Aff (Millwood) 2020; 39:534-5. [PMID: 32119614 DOI: 10.1377/hlthaff.2020.00087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Abstract
Gun-related deaths are on the rise in the US, and following recent mass shootings, gun policy has emerged as an issue in the 2020 election cycle. Political advertising is an increasingly important tool for candidates seeking office to communicate their policy priorities. Over $6 billion was spent on political ads in the 2016 election cycle, and spending in the 2020 cycle is expected to be even higher. Tracking gun-related political advertising over time can offer critical insights into how candidates view the salience of gun policy in the context of the 2020 election and beyond. We analyzed the coverage of guns in over fourteen million candidate-related television ad airings for presidential, congressional, gubernatorial, and state legislative races over four election cycles: 2012, 2014, 2016, and 2018. The share of candidate-related ad airings that referred to guns increased from 1 percent in the 2012 cycle to over 8 percent in the 2018 cycle. Pro-gun rights content dominated but dropped from 86 percent of airings mentioning guns in the 2012 cycle to 45 percent in the 2018 cycle. Advertising in favor of gun regulation and against the National Rifle Association increased over time. These shifts offer insights into how gun issues are being framed in the 2020 election cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colleen L Barry
- Colleen L. Barry ( cbarry@jhu. edu ) is the Fred and Julie Soper Professor and chair of the Department of Health Policy and Management, codirector of the Center for Mental Health and Addiction Policy Research, and core faculty member of the Center for Gun Policy and Research, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, in Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Sachini Bandara
- Sachini Bandara is an assistant scientist in the Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health
| | - Erika Franklin Fowler
- Erika Franklin Fowler is an associate professor in the Department of Government, Wesleyan University, in Middletown, Connecticut, and codirector of the Wesleyan Media Project
| | - Laura Baum
- Laura Baum is project manager of the Wesleyan Media Project, Wesleyan University
| | - Sarah E Gollust
- Sarah E. Gollust is an associate professor in the Division of Health Policy and Management, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, in Minneapolis
| | - Jeff Niederdeppe
- Jeff Niederdeppe is an associate professor in the Department of Communication, Cornell University, in Ithaca, New York
| | - Alene Kennedy Hendricks
- Alene Kennedy Hendricks is an assistant scientist in the Department of Health Policy and Management and assistant director of the Center for Mental Health and Addiction Policy Research, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health
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Hassmiller SB. Legacies And Lessons: A Final Conversation With Fitzhugh Mullan. Health Aff (Millwood) 2020; 39:334-338. [PMID: 32011947 DOI: 10.1377/hlthaff.2019.01715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The late academic, physician, policy maker, and writer discusses his career achievements, lessons for the future, and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan B Hassmiller
- Susan B. Hassmiller ( shassmiller@rwjf. org ) is the senior adviser for nursing at the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, in Princeton, New Jersey
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Figueroa JF, Wadhera RK. Medicaid Expansion And Preventable Hospitalizations. Health Aff (Millwood) 2020; 39:169. [PMID: 31905064 DOI: 10.1377/hlthaff.2019.01610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Wen H, Johnston KJ, Allen L. Medicaid Expansion: The Authors Reply. Health Aff (Millwood) 2020; 39:169. [PMID: 31905059 DOI: 10.1377/hlthaff.2019.01625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hefei Wen
- Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute Boston, Massachusetts
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