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Yusuf AP, Zhang JY, Li JQ, Muhammad A, Abubakar MB. Herbal medications and natural products for patients with covid-19 and diabetes mellitus: Potentials and challenges. Phytomed Plus 2022; 2:100280. [PMID: 35463625 PMCID: PMC9014648 DOI: 10.1016/j.phyplu.2022.100280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The presence of diabetes mellitus (DM) among COVID-19 patients is associated with increased hospitalization, morbidity, and mortality. Evidence has shown that hyperglycemia potentiates SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) infection and plays a central role in severe COVID-19 and diabetes comorbidity. In this review, we explore the therapeutic potentials of herbal medications and natural products in the management of COVID-19 and DM comorbidity and the challenges associated with the preexisting or concurrent use of these substances. METHODS Research papers that were published from January 2016 to December 2021 were retrieved from PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar databases. Papers reporting clinical evidence of antidiabetic activities and any available evidence of the anti-COVID-19 potential of ten selected natural products were retrieved and analyzed for discussion in this review. RESULTS A total of 548 papers (73 clinical trials on the antidiabetic activities of the selected natural products and 475 research and review articles on their anti-COVID-19 potential) were retrieved from the literature search for further analysis. A total of 517 articles (reviews and less relevant research papers) were excluded. A cumulative sum of thirty-one (31) research papers (20 clinical trials and 10 others) met the criteria and have been discussed in this review. CONCLUSION The findings of this review suggest that phenolic compounds are the most promising phytochemicals in the management of COVID-19 and DM comorbidity. Curcumin and propolis have shown substantial evidence against COVID-19 and DM in humans and are thus, considered the best potential therapeutic options.
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Key Words
- 8-OHDG, 8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine
- ACE2
- ACE2, Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2
- ADMA, asymmetric de-methyl-arginine
- ARDS, acute respiratory distress syndrome
- COVID-19
- Comorbidity
- DM, diabetes mellitus
- Diabetes
- FBS, fasting blood sugar
- GLUT-4, glucose transporter-4
- GSK-3β, glycogen synthase kinase-3β
- HDL, high-density lipoprotein
- HOMA, homeostasis model assessment
- Herbal medication
- IAPP, islet amyloid polypeptide
- IFN, interferon
- IFNAR2, interferon-alpha receptor 2
- IL-6, interleukin-6
- LDL, low-density lipoprotein
- MDA, malondialdehyde
- Mpro, main protease
- Natural products
- PLpro, papain-like protease
- PON1, paraoxonase-1
- RBD, receptor-binding domain
- RCT, randomized control trial
- RdRp, RNA-dependent RNA polymerase
- SARS-CoV-2, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2
- SFJDC, Shufeng Jiedu Capsule
- T1D, type 1 diabetes
- T2D, type 2 diabetes
- TAC, total antioxidant capacity
- TMPRSS2, transmembrane protease serine 2
- hs-CRP, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdurrahman Pharmacy Yusuf
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B 65, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria
| | - Jian-Ye Zhang
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, P.R. China
| | - Jing-Quan Li
- The first Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, P.R. China
| | - Aliyu Muhammad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, 810107, Kaduna State, Nigeria
| | - Murtala Bello Abubakar
- Centre for Advanced Medical Research and Training, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, P.M.B. 2254, Sokoto, Nigeria
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Wahlang B, Alexander NC, Li X, Rouchka EC, Kirpich IA, Cave MC. Polychlorinated biphenyls altered gut microbiome in CAR and PXR knockout mice exhibiting toxicant-associated steatohepatitis. Toxicol Rep 2021; 8:536-547. [PMID: 33777700 PMCID: PMC7985695 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2021.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are persistent organic pollutants associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Previously, we demonstrated that the PCB mixture, Aroclor1260, exacerbated NAFLD, reflective of toxicant-associated steatohepatitis, in diet-induced obese mice, in part through pregnane-xenobiotic receptor (PXR) and constitutive androstane receptor (CAR) activation. Recent studies have also reported PCB-induced changes in the gut microbiome that consequently impact NAFLD. Therefore, the objective of this study is to examine PCB effects on the gut-liver axis and characterize the role of CAR and PXR in microbiome alterations. C57Bl/6 (wildtype, WT), CAR and PXR knockout mice were fed a high fat diet and exposed to Aroclor1260 (20 mg/kg, oral gavage, 12 weeks). Metagenomics analysis of cecal samples revealed that CAR and/or PXR ablation increased bacterial alpha diversity regardless of exposure status. CAR and PXR ablation also increased bacterial composition (beta diversity) versus WT; Aroclor1260 altered beta diversity only in WT and CAR knockouts. Distinct changes in bacterial abundance at different taxonomic levels were observed between WT and knockout groups; however Aroclor1260 had modest effects on bacterial abundance within each genotype. Notably, both knockout groups displayed increased Actinobacteria and Verrucomicrobia abundance. In spite of improved bacterial diversity, the knockout groups however failed to show protection from PCB-induced hepato- and intestinal- toxicity including decreased mRNA levels of ileal permeability markers (occludin, claudin3). In summary, CAR and PXR ablation significantly altered gut microbiome in diet-induced obesity while Aroclor1260 compromised intestinal integrity in knockout mice, implicating interactions between PCBs and CAR, PXR on the gut-liver axis.
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Key Words
- ACHS, anniston community healthy survey
- AhR, arylhydrocarbon receptor
- Aroclor1260
- CAR, constitutive androstane receptor
- Camp, cathelicidin anti-microbial peptide
- Cdh5, adhesion molecule VE-cadherin
- Cldn, claudin
- Fasn, fatty acid synthase
- Fgf15, fibroblast growth factor 15
- Gut-liver
- HFD, high fat diet
- HOMA, homeostasis model assessment
- IBD, inflammatory bowel diseases
- LDA, linear discriminant analysis
- LEfSe, linear discriminant analysis effect size
- Microbiome
- Muc, mucin
- NAFLD
- NAFLD, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
- NASH, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
- OTU, operational taxonomic unit
- Ocln, occludin
- PCBs
- PCBs, polychlorinated biphenyls
- PXR, pregnane-xenobiotic receptor
- Pck1, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1
- Ppara, peroxisome-proliferator activated receptor alpha
- RER, respiratory exchange rate
- Reg3g, regenerating islet-derived protein 3-gamma
- TASH
- TASH, toxicant-associated steatohepatitis
- Tff3, trefoil factor 3
- Tjp1, tight junction protein 1
- Tnfa, tumor necrosis factor
- WT, wildtype
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Affiliation(s)
- Banrida Wahlang
- UofL Superfund Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | | | - Xiaohong Li
- Department of Anatomical Sciences and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
- KBRIN Bioinformatics Core, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Eric C. Rouchka
- KBRIN Bioinformatics Core, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, J.B. Speed School of Engineering, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Irina A. Kirpich
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Matthew C. Cave
- UofL Superfund Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
- Robley Rex Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Louisville, KY, USA
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Fryk E, Strindberg L, Lundqvist A, Sandstedt M, Bergfeldt L, Mattsson Hultén L, Bergström G, Jansson PA. Galectin-1 is inversely associated with type 2 diabetes independently of obesity - A SCAPIS pilot study. Metabol Open 2019; 4:100017. [PMID: 32812946 PMCID: PMC7424824 DOI: 10.1016/j.metop.2019.100017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Galectin-1 is a recently discovered adipokine that increases with obesity and increased energy intake in adipose tissue. Our aim was to assess whether serum galectin-1 is associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and other parameters of the metabolic syndrome independently of body mass index (BMI) in a cohort from the general population. Methods In this cross-sectional population-based cohort study from the western part of Sweden, we investigated associations between serum galectin-1, clinical characteristics and inflammatory markers in 989 women and men aged 50-65 years [part of the Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study (SCAPIS) pilot cohort]. Results We showed in linear models that serum galectin-1 was independently and: (1) inversely associated with T2D (p < 0.05) and glucose (p < 0.05); and (2) positively associated with age (p < 0.01), sex (p < 0.01), BMI (p < 0.01), insulin (p < 0.01) and C-reactive protein (p < 0.01). Furthermore, galectin-1 demonstrated univariate correlations with triglycerides (r = 0.20, p < 0.01), homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (r = 0.24, p < 0.01), tumor necrosis factor-α (r = 0.24, p < 0.01), interleukin-6 (IL-6; r = 0.20, p < 0.01) and HbA1c (r = 0.14, p < 0.01). Conclusion In a cross-sectional study of a middle-aged population, we showed that serum galectin-1 is: (1) inversely associated with T2D independently of BMI; and (2) independently associated with other markers of the metabolic syndrome These results warrant prospective and functional studies on the role of galectin-1 in T2D.
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Key Words
- ALAT, alanine aminotransferase
- BMI, body mass index
- CRP, C-reactive protein
- Cross-sectional
- ELISA, electrochemiluminescence immunoassay
- Galectin-1
- HDL, high-density lipoprotein
- HOMA, homeostasis model assessment
- IFN-γ, interferon gamma
- IL, interleukin
- LDL, low-density lipoprotein
- MSD, Meso Scale Diagnostics
- Metabolic syndrome
- Obesity
- SCAPIS, Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study
- SEM, standard error of the mean
- Sex
- T2D, type 2 diabetes
- TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α
- Type 2 diabetes
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuel Fryk
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Wallenberg Laboratory, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg and the Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Corresponding author. Wallenberg Laboratory Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Lena Strindberg
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Wallenberg Laboratory, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg and the Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Annika Lundqvist
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Wallenberg Laboratory, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg and the Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Mikael Sandstedt
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Sahlgrenska University Hospital and Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lennart Bergfeldt
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine/Cardiology, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, and Region Västra Götaland, Department of Cardiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lillemor Mattsson Hultén
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Wallenberg Laboratory, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg and the Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Sahlgrenska University Hospital and Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Göran Bergström
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Wallenberg Laboratory, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg and the Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Per-Anders Jansson
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Wallenberg Laboratory, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg and the Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Amaral AR, Brunetto MA, Brólio MP, Cima DS, Miglino MA, Santos JPF, Ambrósio CE. Abnormal carbohydrate metabolism in a canine model for muscular dystrophy. J Nutr Sci 2017; 6:e57. [PMID: 29209496 DOI: 10.1017/jns.2017.59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2017] [Revised: 08/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The canine golden retriever muscular dystrophy (GRMD) model is the best animal model for studying Duchenne muscular dystrophy in humans. Considering the importance of glucose metabolism in the muscles, the existence of metabolic and endocrine alterations in a wide range of muscular dystrophies, and the pre-existing relationship between blood insulin concentration and muscular atrophy, the present study aimed to evaluate the postprandial glucose and insulin response in GRMD dogs. A total of eighteen golden retriever dogs were randomly distributed into three experimental groups: healthy/control (G1), female GRMD carriers (G2), and male dogs affected by GRMD (G3). Higher plasma resting glucose levels (P = 0·0047) were seen in G2 and G3 compared with G1, as was the case for minimum (P = <0·0001), mean (P = 0·0002) and maximum (P = 0·0359) glucose values for G3 compared with G1. Fructosamine concentrations were in accordance with reference values found in the literature for dogs. Insulin levels were lower in G3 compared with G1 (P = 0·0065); however, there was no evidence of insulin resistance according to the homeostasis model assessment index values obtained. As for the evaluation of postprandial responses, fluctuations of glucose (P = 0·0007) and insulin (P = 0·0149) were observed in G1 and G2, while in G3 the values remained constant. The results allowed us to identify metabolic changes related to carbohydrate metabolism in GRMD dogs, highlighting the importance of adequate food management for these animals.
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Hillman SL, Finer S, Smart MC, Mathews C, Lowe R, Rakyan VK, Hitman GA, Williams DJ. Novel DNA methylation profiles associated with key gene regulation and transcription pathways in blood and placenta of growth-restricted neonates. Epigenetics 2015; 10:50-61. [PMID: 25496377 PMCID: PMC4622857 DOI: 10.4161/15592294.2014.989741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Fetal growth is determined by the feto-placental genome interacting with the maternal in utero environment. Failure of this interplay leads to poor placental development and fetal growth restriction (FGR), which is associated with future metabolic disease. We investigated whether whole genome methylation differences existed in umbilical cord blood and placenta, between gestational-matched, FGR, and appropriately grown (AGA) neonates. Using the Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip®, we found that DNA from umbilical cord blood of FGR born at term (n = 19) had 839 differentially methylated positions (DMPs) that reached genome-wide significance compared with AGA (n = 18). Using gestational age as a continuous variable, we identified 76,249 DMPs in cord blood (adj. P < 0.05) of which 121 DMPs were common to the 839 DMPs and were still evident when comparing 12 FGR with 12 AGA [39.9 ± 1.2 vs. 40.0 ± 1.0 weeks (mean ± SD), respectively]. A total of 53 DMPs had a β methylation difference >10% and 25 genes were co-methylated more than twice within 1000 base pairs. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis of DMPs supported their involvement in gene regulation and transcription pathways related to organ development and metabolic function. A similar profile of DMPs was found across different cell types in the cord blood. At term, no DMPs between FGR and AGA placentae reached genome-wide significance, validated with an external dataset. GO analysis of 284 pre-term, placental DMPs associated with autophagy, oxidative stress and hormonal responses. Growth restricted neonates have distinct DNA methylation profiles in pre-term placenta and in cord blood at birth, which may predispose to future adult disease.
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Key Words
- AGA, appropriately grown offspring
- BMI, body mass index
- CG, cytosine phosphate guanine loci
- DMP, differentially methylated positions
- DNA methylation
- FDR, false discovery rate
- FGR, fetal growth restriction
- GO, gene ontology
- HOMA, homeostasis model assessment
- ICR1, imprinting control region 1
- MODY, maturity onset diabetes of the young
- Marmal-aid
- T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus
- UCL, University College London
- UCLH, University College London Hospital
- UCSC, University of California Santa Cruz
- fetal growth restriction
- fetal origins of adult disease
- placenta
- transcription factor
- umbilical cord
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara L Hillman
- a Institute for Women's Health ; University College London ; London , UK
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Zeba AN, Delisle HF, Renier G. Dietary patterns and physical inactivity, two contributing factors to the double burden of malnutrition among adults in Burkina Faso, West Africa. J Nutr Sci 2014; 3:e50. [PMID: 26101618 PMCID: PMC4473138 DOI: 10.1017/jns.2014.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2012] [Revised: 10/19/2012] [Accepted: 12/04/2012] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
A population-based cross-sectional study was carried out in the northern neighbourhoods of Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso), to examine the relationship of nutritional deficiencies and cardiometabolic risk factors (CMRF) with lifestyle in adults. We randomly selected 330 households stratified by income tertile. In each income stratum, 110 individuals aged 25-60 years and having lived in Ouagadougou for at least 6 months were randomly selected. We performed anthropometric, dietary intake and physical activity measurements, and blood sample collection. Cluster analysis of dietary intake identified two dietary patterns: 'urban' (29 % of subjects) and 'traditional' (71 %). The 'urban' cluster exhibited a higher intake of fat and sugar, whereas a higher intake of plant protein, complex carbohydrate and fibre was observed in the 'traditional' pattern. Female sex, low income and lack of education were associated with the 'traditional' cluster, as well as Fe and vitamin A deficiency. CMRF prevalence (abdominal obesity, hypertension, hyperglycaemia, dyslipidaemia) was similar in both clusters. Subjects in the 'traditional' cluster spent more time in physical activity and had less sedentary time than those in the 'urban' cluster. 'Traditional' dietary pattern, low income, female sex and sedentary time were significant contributing factors to the double burden of malnutrition. The rapid nutrition transition is reflected in this co-occurrence of CMRF and nutritional deficiencies. This stresses the need for prevention strategies addressing both ends of the nutrition spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Augustin N. Zeba
- Département de Nutrition, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128 succ. Centre-ville, Montréal, QC, CanadaH3C 3J7
- Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé/Direction Régionale de l'Ouest (IRSS/DRO), 01 BP 545 Bobo Dioulasso 01, Burkina Faso
| | - Hélène F. Delisle
- Département de Nutrition, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128 succ. Centre-ville, Montréal, QC, CanadaH3C 3J7
| | - Genevieve Renier
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montréal, Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, 1560 Sherbrooke East, Montréal, QC, CanadaH2L 4M1
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