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D'Amico AE, Wong AC, Zajd CM, Zhang X, Murali A, Trebak M, Lennartz MR. PKC-ε regulates vesicle delivery and focal exocytosis for efficient IgG-mediated phagocytosis. J Cell Sci 2021; 134:jcs258886. [PMID: 34622926 PMCID: PMC8627556 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.258886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein kinase C (PKC)-ε is required for membrane addition during IgG-mediated phagocytosis, but its role in this process is ill defined. Here, we performed high-resolution imaging, which reveals that PKC-ε exits the Golgi and enters phagosomes on vesicles that then fuse. TNF and PKC-ε colocalize at the Golgi and on vesicles that enter the phagosome. Loss of PKC-ε and TNF delivery upon nocodazole treatment confirmed vesicular transport on microtubules. That TNF+ vesicles were not delivered in macrophages from PKC-ε null mice, or upon dissociation of the Golgi-associated pool of PKC-ε, implies that Golgi-tethered PKC-ε is a driver of Golgi-to-phagosome trafficking. Finally, we established that the regulatory domain of PKC-ε is sufficient for delivery of TNF+ vesicles to the phagosome. These studies reveal a novel role for PKC-ε in focal exocytosis - its regulatory domain drives Golgi-derived vesicles to the phagosome, whereas catalytic activity is required for their fusion. This is one of the first examples of a PKC requirement for vesicular trafficking and describes a novel function for a PKC regulatory domain. This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna E. D'Amico
- Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Ave MC-165, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Alexander C. Wong
- Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Ave MC-165, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Cheryl M. Zajd
- Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Ave MC-165, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Xuexin Zhang
- Penn State College of Medicine, 500 University Dr., Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Ananya Murali
- Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Ave MC-165, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Mohamed Trebak
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 2550 Terrace Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15231, USA
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Abstract
Ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) cause a reduction in arterial blood supply to tissues, followed by the restoration of perfusion and consequent reoxygenation. The reestablishment of blood flow triggers further damage to ischemic tissue through reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, interference with cellular ion homeostasis, opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pores (mPTPs) and promotion of cell death (apoptosis or necrosis). PKC-δ and PKC-ε, belonging to a family of serine/threonine kinases, have been demonstrated to play important roles during I/R injury in cardiovascular diseases. However, the cardioprotective mechanisms of PKC-δ and PKC-ε in I/R injury have not been elaborated until now. This article discusses the roles of PKC-δ and PKC-ε during myocardial I/R in redox regulation (redox signaling and oxidative stress), cell death (apoptosis and necrosis), Ca2+ overload, and mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Chen
- Peking University Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Medical School (Xi yuan), Beijing, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dazhuo Shi
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Ming Guo
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
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Wang J, Xu F, Zheng Y, Cheng X, Zhang P, Zhao H. Protein kinase C-ε contributes to a chronic inhibitory effect of IL-1β on voltage-gated sodium channels in mice with febrile seizure. J Integr Neurosci 2019; 18:173-179. [PMID: 31321958 DOI: 10.31083/j.jin.2019.02.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to understand the role of Interleukin-1β in mouse febrile seizures. To investigate the chronic effects of raised Interleukin-1β on seizures, the sodium currents of hippocampal neurons were recorded by whole-cell voltage clamp. Interleukin-1β inhibited sodium currents in mouse hippocampal neurons and verified that protein kinase C epsilon contributed to the effect of Interleukin-1β exposure. The inhibitory effect was also identified in neurons from a protein kinase C epsilon null mutant mouse. Action potentials were recorded using a ramp depolarizing current. Peak spike depolarization was significantly reduced by Interleukin-1β treatment, and was abolished following the administration of a protein kinase C epsilon inhibitor, εV1-2. However, neither Interleukin-1β nor εV1-2 had any significant effect on spike threshold. Interleukin-1β reduced the amplitude of action potentials due to its inhibitory effect on sodium channels. This is hypothesised to decrease the release of presynaptic transmitters of neuroexcitability, thus exerting a neuroprotective role in excitotoxicity. To ascertain the role of protein kinase C epsilon on febrile seizures in vivo, a heated water-bath model was used to identify susceptible mice. It was found that protein kinase C epsilon reduced susceptibility to, and frequency of, febrile seizure onset. This may be related to the neuroprotective effect of Interleukin-1β on hippocampal neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinli Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan City, Shandong Province, 250013, P. R. China
| | - Fenfen Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan City, Shandong Province, 250013, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Zheng
- Department of Pediatrics, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan City, Shandong Province, 250013, P. R. China
| | - Xu Cheng
- Graduate School of Taishan Medical University, Taian City, Shandong Province, 271016, P. R. China
| | - Piaopiao Zhang
- Graduate School of Taishan Medical University, Taian City, Shandong Province, 271016, P. R. China
| | - Hongyang Zhao
- Department of Pediatrics, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan City, Shandong Province, 250013, P. R. China
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Yan R, Niu CY, Tian Y. Roles of Autophagy and Protein Kinase C-epsilon in Lipid Metabolism of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Cell Models. Arch Med Res 2018; 49:381-390. [PMID: 30573200 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2018.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate interaction between autophagy and PKC-ε in lipid metabolism of NAFLD cell models. METHODS HL-7702 cells and SK-HEP-1 cells were cultured in vitro as NAFLD cell models and treated with RAPA to induce autophagy. 3-MA was used to inhibit cell autophagy. And HL-7702 and SK-HEP-1 cell were ordinary cultured as control groups. Cell viability was determined by MTT colorimetric assay. The levels of TG, TC and PKC-ε were detected by ELISA. PKC-ε was detected by IF. LC3-II/LC3-I, P62, IRS-1, IRS-2, PI3Kp85, mTOR were detected by Western-blot. SPSS 20 software was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS The values of PKC-ε were the highest in the steatosis groups (HL-7702 cells were 91.10%, SK-HEP-1 cells were 98.20%). Compared with the steatosis groups, the LC3-II/LC3-I ratio in the induced autophagy groups increased obviously (p <0.05). P62/β-actin grayscale ratio of the induced autophagy groups decreased significantly compared with the steatosis group (p <0.05). MTOR/β-actin grayscale ratio in the induced autophagy groups were significantly lower than those in the steatosis groups (p <0.05). PI3Kp85, IRS-1 and IRS-2/β-actin grayscale ratio of the induced autophagy groups increased significantly compared with the steatosis group (p <0.05). CONCLUSION Up-regulation of autophagy can promote the elimination of liver fat; while down-regulation can promote lipid accumulation. The expression of PKC-ε is positively related to the degree of hepatic steatosis. PI3K was involved in both autophagy and IR induced by PKC-ε. PKC-ε might participate in hepatocyte autophagy by regulating PI3K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Yan
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China.
| | - Chun-Yan Niu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
| | - Yu Tian
- Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
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Wang C, Li H, Wang S, Mao X, Yan D, Wong SS, Xia Z, Irwin MG. Repeated Non-Invasive Limb Ischemic Preconditioning Confers Cardioprotection Through PKC-Ԑ/STAT3 Signaling in Diabetic Rats. Cell Physiol Biochem 2018. [PMID: 29533954 DOI: 10.1159/000488047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Protein kinase C(PKC)-ε activation is a mechanism of preconditioning cardioprotection but its role in repeated non-invasive limb ischemic preconditioning (rNLIP) mediated cardioprotection against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in diabetes is unknown. METHODS Eight-week streptozotocin-induced diabetic and non-diabetic Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to I/R without or with rNLIP. In vitro, H9C2 cells were cultured with high glucose (HG) and subjected to hypoxia/re-oxygenation (H/R) without or with PKC-ε or STAT3 gene knock-down in the absence or presence of remote time hypoxia preconditioning (HPC). RESULTS Diabetic rats displayed larger post-ischemic myocardial infarct size and higher troponin-I release with concomitant cardiac PKC-ԑ overexpression and activation manifested as increased membrane translocation, while phosphorylated STAT3 (p-STAT3) and Akt (p-Akt) were lower compared to non-diabetic rats (all P<0.05). rNLIP reduced infarct size in both non-diabetic and diabetic rats. rNLIP reduced post-ischemic cardiac PKC-ԑ activation in diabetic while increased PKC-ԑ activation in non-diabetic rats, resulting in increased cardiac p-STAT3 and p-Akt. In H9C2 cells, HG increased PKC-ԑ expression and exacerbated post-H/R injury, accompanied with reduced p-STAT3 and p-Akt, which were all reverted by HPC. These HPC protective effects were abolished by either PKC-ԑ or STAT3 gene knock-down, except that PKC-ԑ gene knock-down reverted HG and H/R-induced reduction of p-STAT3. CONCLUSION rNLIP attenuates diabetic heart I/R injury by mitigating HG-induced PKC-ԑ overexpression and, subsequently, activating STAT3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, Shenzhen People's Hospital and Shenzhen Anesthesiology Engineering Center, the Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Haobo Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Sheng Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaowen Mao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Dan Yan
- Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Stanley S Wong
- Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhengyuan Xia
- Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Michael G Irwin
- Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Rong B, Xie F, Sun T, Hao L, Lin MJ, Zhong JQ. Nitric oxide, PKC-ε, and connexin43 are crucial for ischemic preconditioning-induced chemical gap junction uncoupling. Oncotarget 2016; 7:69243-55. [PMID: 27655723 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic preconditioning (IPC) maintains connexin43 (Cx43) phosphorylation and reduces chemical gap junction (GJ) coupling in cardiomyocytes to protect against ischemic damage. However, the signal transduction pathways underlying these effects are not fully understood. Here, we investigated whether nitric oxide (NO) and protein kinase C-ε (PKC-ε) contribute to IPC-induced cardioprotection by maintaining Cx43 phosphorylation and inhibiting chemical GJ coupling. IPC reduced ischemia-induced myocardial infarction and increased cardiomyocyte survival; phosphorylated Cx43, eNOS, and PKC-ε levels; and chemical GJ uncoupling. Administration of the NO donor SNAP mimicked the effects of IPC both in vivo and in vitro, maintaining Cx43 phosphorylation, promoting chemical GJ uncoupling, and reducing myocardial infarction. Preincubation with the NO synthase inhibitor L-NAME or PKC-ε translocation inhibitory peptide (PKC-ε-TIP) abolished these effects of IPC. Additionally, by inducing NO production, IPC induced translocation of PKC-ε, but not PKC-δ, from the cytosolic to the membrane fraction in primary cardiac myocytes. IPC-induced cardioprotection thus involves increased NO production, PKC-ε translocation, Cx43 phosphorylation, and chemical GJ uncoupling.
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Smit KF, Brevoord D, De Hert S, de Mol BA, Kerindongo RP, van Dieren S, Schlack WS, Hollmann MW, Weber NC, Preckel B. Effect of helium pre- or postconditioning on signal transduction kinases in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery. J Transl Med 2016; 14:294. [PMID: 27737678 PMCID: PMC5064802 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-016-1045-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The noble gas helium induces pre- and postconditioning in animals and humans. Volatile anesthetics induce cardioprotection in humans undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. We hypothesized that helium induces pre- and postconditioning in CABG-patients, affecting signaling molecules protein kinase C-epsilon (PKC-ε), p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK), extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK-1/2) and heat shock protein 27 (HSP-27) within cardiac tissue, and reducing postoperative troponin levels. METHODS After ethical approval and informed consent, 125 elective patients undergoing CABG surgery were randomised into this prospective, placebo controlled, investigator blinded, parallel arm single-centre study. Helium preconditioning (3 × 5 min of 70 % helium and 30 % oxygen) was applied before aortic cross clamping; postconditioning (15 min of helium) was applied before release of the aortic cross clamp. Signaling molecules were measured in right atrial appendix specimens. Troponin-T was measured at 4, 12, 24 and 48 h postoperatively. RESULTS Baseline characteristics of all groups were similar. Helium preconditioning did not significantly alter the primary outcome (molecular levels of kinases PKC-ε and HSP-27, ratio of activated p38 MAPK or ERK ½). Postoperative troponin T was 11 arbitrary units [5, 31; area-under-the-curve (interquartile range)] for controls, and no statistically significant changes were observed after helium preconditioning [He-pre: 11 (6, 18)], helium postconditioning [He-post: 11 (8, 15)], helium pre- and postconditioning [He-PP: 14 (6, 20)] and after sevoflurane preconditioning [APC: 12 (8, 24), p = 0.13]. No adverse effects related to study treatment were observed in this study. CONCLUSIONS No effect was observed of helium preconditioning, postconditioning or the combination thereof on activation of p38 MAPK, ERK 1/2 or levels of HSP27 and PKC-ε in the human heart. Helium pre- and postconditioning did not affect postoperative troponin release in patients undergoing CABG surgery. Clinical trial number Dutch trial register ( http://www.trialregister.nl/ ) number NTR1226.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten F Smit
- Laboratory of Experimental Intensive Care and Anesthesiology (L.E.I.C.A.), Department of Anesthesiology, Academic Medical Centre (AMC), Meibergdreef 9, 1100 DD, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Daniel Brevoord
- Laboratory of Experimental Intensive Care and Anesthesiology (L.E.I.C.A.), Department of Anesthesiology, Academic Medical Centre (AMC), Meibergdreef 9, 1100 DD, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Stefan De Hert
- Department of Anesthesiology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bas A de Mol
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Academic Medical Centre (AMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Raphaela P Kerindongo
- Laboratory of Experimental Intensive Care and Anesthesiology (L.E.I.C.A.), Department of Anesthesiology, Academic Medical Centre (AMC), Meibergdreef 9, 1100 DD, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Susan van Dieren
- Laboratory of Experimental Intensive Care and Anesthesiology (L.E.I.C.A.), Department of Anesthesiology, Academic Medical Centre (AMC), Meibergdreef 9, 1100 DD, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wolfgang S Schlack
- Laboratory of Experimental Intensive Care and Anesthesiology (L.E.I.C.A.), Department of Anesthesiology, Academic Medical Centre (AMC), Meibergdreef 9, 1100 DD, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Markus W Hollmann
- Laboratory of Experimental Intensive Care and Anesthesiology (L.E.I.C.A.), Department of Anesthesiology, Academic Medical Centre (AMC), Meibergdreef 9, 1100 DD, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nina C Weber
- Laboratory of Experimental Intensive Care and Anesthesiology (L.E.I.C.A.), Department of Anesthesiology, Academic Medical Centre (AMC), Meibergdreef 9, 1100 DD, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Benedikt Preckel
- Laboratory of Experimental Intensive Care and Anesthesiology (L.E.I.C.A.), Department of Anesthesiology, Academic Medical Centre (AMC), Meibergdreef 9, 1100 DD, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Ann J, Yoon S, Baek J, Kim DH, Lewin NE, Hill CS, Blumberg PM, Lee J. Design and synthesis of protein kinase C epsilon selective diacylglycerol lactones (DAG-lactones). Eur J Med Chem 2014; 90:332-41. [PMID: 25437619 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2014] [Revised: 10/29/2014] [Accepted: 11/11/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
DAG-lactones afford a synthetically accessible, high affinity platform for probing structure activity relationships at the C1 regulatory domain of protein kinase C (PKC). Given the central role of PKC isoforms in cellular signaling, along with their differential biological activities, a critical objective is the design of isoform selective ligands. Here, we report the synthesis of a series of DAG-lactones varying in their side chains, with a particular focus on linoleic acid derivatives. We evaluated their selectivity for PKC epsilon versus PKC alpha both under standard lipid conditions (100% phosphatidylserine, PS) as well as in the presence of a nuclear membrane mimetic lipid mixture (NML). We find that selectivity for PKC epsilon versus PKC alpha tended to be enhanced in the presence of the nuclear membrane mimetic lipid mixture and, for our lead compound, report a selectivity of 32-fold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihyae Ann
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Suyoung Yoon
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Jisoo Baek
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Da Hye Kim
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Nancy E Lewin
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Colin S Hill
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Peter M Blumberg
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jeewoo Lee
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea.
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Wyatt TA, Poole JA, Nordgren TM, DeVasure JM, Heires AJ, Bailey KL, Romberger DJ. cAMP-dependent protein kinase activation decreases cytokine release in bronchial epithelial cells. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2014; 307:L643-51. [PMID: 25150062 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00373.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung injury caused by inhalation of dust from swine-concentrated animal-feeding operations (CAFO) involves the release of inflammatory cytokine interleukin 8 (IL-8), which is mediated by protein kinase C-ε (PKC-ε) in airway epithelial cells. Once activated by CAFO dust, PKC-ε is responsible for slowing cilia beating and reducing cell migration for wound repair. Conversely, the cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) stimulates contrasting effects, such as increased cilia beating and an acceleration of cell migration for wound repair. We hypothesized that a bidirectional mechanism involving PKA and PKC regulates epithelial airway inflammatory responses. To test this hypothesis, primary human bronchial epithelial cells and BEAS-2B cells were treated with hog dust extract (HDE) in the presence or absence of cAMP. PKC-ε activity was significantly reduced in cells that were pretreated for 1 h with 8-bromoadenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (8-Br-cAMP) before exposure to HDE (P < 0.05). HDE-induced IL-6, and IL-8 release was significantly lower in cells that were pretreated with 8-Br-cAMP (P < 0.05). To exclude exchange protein activated by cAMP (EPAC) involvement, cells were pretreated with either 8-Br-cAMP or 8-(4-chlorophenylthio)-2'-O-methyladenosine-3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (8-CPT-2Me-cAMP) (EPAC agonist). 8-CPT-2Me-cAMP did not activate PKA and did not reduce HDE-stimulated IL-6 release. In contrast, 8-Br-cAMP decreased HDE-stimulated tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-converting enzyme (TACE; ADAM-17) activity and subsequent TNF-α release (P < 0.001). 8-Br-cAMP also blocked HDE-stimulated IL-6 and keratinocyte-derived chemokine release in precision-cut mouse lung slices (P < 0.05). These data show bidirectional regulation of PKC-ε via a PKA-mediated inhibition of TACE activity resulting in reduced PKC-ε-mediated release of IL-6 and IL-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Todd A Wyatt
- VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System Research Service, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska; Department of Environmental, Agricultural, and Occupational Health, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska; Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Allergy Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Jill A Poole
- Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Allergy Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Tara M Nordgren
- Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Allergy Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Jane M DeVasure
- Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Allergy Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Art J Heires
- Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Allergy Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Kristina L Bailey
- VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System Research Service, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska; Department of Environmental, Agricultural, and Occupational Health, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Debra J Romberger
- VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System Research Service, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska; Department of Environmental, Agricultural, and Occupational Health, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
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Guebre-Egziabher F, Alix PM, Koppe L, Pelletier CC, Kalbacher E, Fouque D, Soulage CO. Ectopic lipid accumulation: A potential cause for metabolic disturbances and a contributor to the alteration of kidney function. Biochimie 2013; 95:1971-9. [PMID: 23896376 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2013.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2013] [Accepted: 07/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Ectopic lipid accumulation is now known to be a mechanism that contributes to organ injury in the context of metabolic diseases. In muscle and liver, accumulation of lipids impairs insulin signaling. This hypothesis accounts for the mechanism of insulin resistance in obesity, type 2 diabetes, aging and lipodystrophy. Increasing data suggest that lipid accumulation in the kidneys could also contribute to the alteration of kidney function in the context of metabolic syndrome and obesity. Furthermore and more unexpectedly, animal models of kidney disease exhibit a decreased adiposity and ectopic lipid redistribution suggesting that kidney disease may be a state of lipodystrophy. However, whether this abnormal lipid partitioning during chronic kidney disease (CKD) may have any functional impact in these tissues needs to be investigated. Here, we provide a perspective by defining the problem and analyzing the possible causes and consequences. Further human studies are required to strengthen these observations, and provide novel therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fitsum Guebre-Egziabher
- Université de Lyon, INSERM U1060, CarMeN, INSA de Lyon, Univ Lyon-1, F-69621 Villeurbanne, France; Hospices Civils de Lyon, Department of Nephrology, Hôpital E Herriot, Lyon F-69003, France.
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