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Gypakis A, Adelt S, Lemoine H, Vogel G, Wasner HK. Activated Inositol Phosphate, Substrate for Synthesis of Prostaglandylinositol Cyclic Phosphate (Cyclic PIP)-The Key for the Effectiveness of Inositol-Feeding. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1362. [PMID: 38338641 PMCID: PMC10855042 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The natural cyclic AMP antagonist, prostaglandylinositol cyclic phosphate (cyclic PIP), is biosynthesized from prostaglandin E (PGE) and activated inositol phosphate (n-Ins-P), which is synthesized by a particulate rat-liver-enzyme from GTP and a precursor named inositol phosphate (pr-Ins-P), whose 5-ring phosphodiester structure is essential for n-Ins-P synthesis. Aortic myocytes, preincubated with [3H] myo-inositol, synthesize after angiotensin II stimulation (30 s) [3H] pr-Ins-P (65% yield), which is converted to [3H] n-Ins-P and [3H] cyclic PIP. Acid-treated (1 min) [3H] pr-Ins-P co-elutes with inositol (1,4)-bisphosphate in high performance ion chromatography, indicating that pr-Ins-P is inositol (1:2-cyclic,4)-bisphosphate. Incubation of [3H]-GTP with unlabeled pr-Ins-P gave [3H]-guanosine-labeled n-Ins-P. Cyclic PIP synthase binds the inositol (1:2-cyclic)-phosphate part of n-Ins-P to PGE and releases the [3H]-labeled guanosine as [3H]-GDP. Thus, n-Ins-P is most likely guanosine diphospho-4-inositol (1:2-cyclic)-phosphate. Inositol feeding helps patients with metabolic conditions related to insulin resistance, but explanations for this finding are missing. Cyclic PIP appears to be the key for explaining the curative effect of inositol supplementation: (1) inositol is a molecular constituent of cyclic PIP; (2) cyclic PIP triggers many of insulin's actions intracellularly; and (3) the synthesis of cyclic PIP is decreased in diabetes as shown in rodents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonios Gypakis
- General Secretariat for Research and Innovation, GR-11527 Athens, Greece;
| | - Stephan Adelt
- Fachbereich C—Biochemie, Bergische University, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany;
| | - Horst Lemoine
- Institute for Laser-Medicine, Molecular Drug-Research Group, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany;
| | - Günter Vogel
- Fachbereich C—Biochemie, Bergische University, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany;
| | - Heinrich K. Wasner
- BioReg Biopharm, Technology Innovation Laboratory, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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Factor PA, Corpuz H. The Efficacy and Safety of Myo-inositol Supplementation for the Prevention of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Overweight and Obese Pregnant Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J ASEAN Fed Endocr Soc 2023; 38:102-112. [PMID: 38045667 PMCID: PMC10692440 DOI: 10.15605/jafes.038.02.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Myo-inositol has emerged as one of the preventive therapies for the development of gestational diabetes mellitus in at-risk populations. This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to determine the efficacy and safety of myo-inositol in decreasing the incidence of gestational diabetes in overweight and obese pregnant women. Methodology This meta-analysis was conducted using the standard Cochrane methodology and reported in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines. Inclusion criteria were randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that enrolled overweight and obese pregnant women and used myo-inositol supplementation. The primary outcome was the incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus at 24-28 weeks. Secondary outcomes included cesarean section rate, the incidence of pregnancy-induced hypertension, macrosomia and preterm delivery. Risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used for dichotomous data. Results Six RCTs were included. Compared to standard micronutrient supplementation, standard dose of myo-inositol (4 g) may reduce the incidence of GDM (RR 0.54; CI [0.30, 0.96]; n = 887 women), but the certainty of evidence is low to very low. With low-dose myo-inositol however, evidence is uncertain about its benefit on the incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus in overweight and obese women with RR 0.71; CI [0.14, 3.50]. No adverse effects were noted. For the secondary outcomes, standard dose myo-inositol appears to reduce the incidence of pregnancy-induced hypertension and preterm delivery, but the certainty of evidence is low to very low. Conclusion Current evidence is uncertain on the potential benefit of myo-inositol supplementation in overweight and obese pregnant women. While studies show that 4 g myo-inositol per day may decrease the incidence of GDM, pregnancy-induced hypertension and pre-term birth with no associated risk of serious adverse events, the certainty of evidence is low to very low. Future high-quality trials may provide more compelling evidence to support practice recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Ann Factor
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of the Philippines - Philippine General Hospital
| | - Hannah Corpuz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ilocos Training and Regional Medical Center, San Fernando, La Union, Philippines
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Derkaczew M, Martyniuk P, Osowski A, Wojtkiewicz J. Cyclitols: From Basic Understanding to Their Association with Neurodegeneration. Nutrients 2023; 15:2029. [PMID: 37432155 DOI: 10.3390/nu15092029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the most common cyclitols found in eukaryotic cells-Myo-inositol (MI) and its derivatives play a key role in many cellular processes such as ion channel physiology, signal transduction, phosphate storage, cell wall formation, membrane biogenesis and osmoregulation. The aim of this paper is to characterize the possibility of neurodegenerative disorders treatment using MI and the research of other therapeutic methods linked to MI's derivatives. Based on the reviewed literature the researchers focus on the most common neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease and Spinocerebellar ataxias, but there are also works describing other seldom encountered diseases. The use of MI, d-pinitol and other methods altering MI's metabolism, although research on this topic has been conducted for years, still needs much closer examination. The dietary supplementation of MI shows a promising effect on the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders and can be of great help in alleviating the accompanying depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Derkaczew
- Department of Human Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-082 Olsztyn, Poland
- Students' Scientific Club of Pathophysiologists, Department of Human Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-082 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Piotr Martyniuk
- Department of Human Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-082 Olsztyn, Poland
- Students' Scientific Club of Pathophysiologists, Department of Human Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-082 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Adam Osowski
- Department of Human Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-082 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Joanna Wojtkiewicz
- Department of Human Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-082 Olsztyn, Poland
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Bizzarri M, Monti N, Piombarolo A, Angeloni A, Verna R. Myo-Inositol and D-Chiro-Inositol as Modulators of Ovary Steroidogenesis: A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15081875. [PMID: 37111094 PMCID: PMC10145676 DOI: 10.3390/nu15081875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Myo-inositol is a natural polyol, the most abundant among the nine possible structural isomers available in living organisms. Inositol confers some distinctive traits that allow for a striking distinction between prokaryotes and eukaryotes, the basic clusters into which organisms are partitioned. Inositol cooperates in numerous biological functions where the polyol participates or by furnishing the fundamental backbone of several related derived metabolites, mostly obtained through the sequential addition of phosphate groups (inositol phosphates, phosphoinositides, and pyrophosphates). Overall myo-inositol and its phosphate metabolites display an entangled network, which is involved in the core of the biochemical processes governing critical transitions inside cells. Noticeably, experimental data have shown that myo-inositol and its most relevant epimer D-chiro-inositol are both necessary to permit a faithful transduction of insulin and of other molecular factors. This improves the complete breakdown of glucose through the citric acid cycle, especially in glucose-greedy tissues, such as the ovary. In particular, while D-chiro-inositol promotes androgen synthesis in the theca layer and down-regulates aromatase and estrogen expression in granulosa cells, myo-inositol strengthens aromatase and FSH receptor expression. Inositol effects on glucose metabolism and steroid hormone synthesis represent an intriguing area of investigation, as recent results have demonstrated that inositol-related metabolites dramatically modulate the expression of several genes. Conversely, treatments including myo-inositol and its isomers have proven to be effective in the management and symptomatic relief of a number of diseases associated with the endocrine function of the ovary, namely polycystic ovarian syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariano Bizzarri
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, Via A. Scarpa 16, 00160 Rome, Italy
- Systems Biology Group Lab, Sapienza University, 00160 Rome, Italy
| | - Noemi Monti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, Via A. Scarpa 16, 00160 Rome, Italy
| | - Aurora Piombarolo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, Via A. Scarpa 16, 00160 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Angeloni
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, Via A. Scarpa 16, 00160 Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Verna
- Systems Biology Group Lab, Sapienza University, 00160 Rome, Italy
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Markiewicz LH, Ogrodowczyk AM, Wiczkowski W, Wróblewska B. Phytate Hydrolysate Differently Modulates the Immune Response of Human Healthy and Cancer Colonocytes to Intestinal Bacteria. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14204234. [PMID: 36296918 PMCID: PMC9610475 DOI: 10.3390/nu14204234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Phytic acid (PA) is a component of cereal seeds and legumes, therefore its consumption is much higher in a vegan and vegetarian diet compared to a conventional diet. The diet is the main driver of metabolic activity of gut microbiota, therefore, the ability to degrade phytates by the microbiota of vegans significantly exceeds that of the gut microbiota of omnivores. The aim of the study was to investigate the early phase of the immune response of colonocytes treated with an enzymatic hydrolysate of phytic acid (hPA120) and gut bacteria. (2) Cell lines derived from healthy (NCM460D) and cancer (HCT116) colonic tissue and fecal bacteria from vegan (V) and omnivorous (O) donors were investigated. Fecal bacteria were grown in mucin and phytic acid supplemented medium. Cultured bacteria (BM) were loaded onto colonocytes alone (V BM and O BM) or in combination with the phytate hydrolysate (V BM + hPA120 and O BM + hPA120). After a treatment of 2 h, bacterial adhesion, secretion of cytokines, and the expression of genes and proteins important for immune response were determined. (3) All bacteria-treated colonocytes increased the expression of IL8 compared to controls. The significant increase of the secreted IL-8 (p < 0.01) in both cell lines was observed for O BM and O BM + hPA120. The increase of TNF, IL-1β, and IL-10 secretion in healthy colonocytes (V BM alone and with hPA120 treatments; p < 0.05) and for TNF and IL-10 in cancer cells (treatments except O BM + hPA120 and V BM, respectively; p > 0.05) were stated. A comparison of solely the effect of hPA120 on bacteria-treated colonocytes (BM vs. BM + hPA120) showed that hPA120 decreased expression of NFkB1 and TNFR (p < 0.001) in healthy colonocytes. In cancer colonocytes, the expression of TLR4 and IL1R increased after BM + hPA120 treatment, whereas the secretion of IL-8 and MYD88 and TNFR expression decreased (p < 0.01). (4) The investigated hPA120 showed a differentiated modulatory activity on the immune response of healthy and cancer human colonocytes. Especially when analyzed independently on the gut bacteria origin, it reduced the proinflammatory response of HCT116 cells to gut bacteria, while being neutral for the bacteria-treated healthy colonocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Hanna Markiewicz
- Department of Immunology and Food Microbiology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima 10, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-895-234-657
| | - Anna Maria Ogrodowczyk
- Department of Immunology and Food Microbiology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima 10, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Wiesław Wiczkowski
- Department of Chemistry and Biodynamics of Food, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima 10, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Barbara Wróblewska
- Department of Immunology and Food Microbiology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima 10, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland
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Luan M, Zhao F, Sun G, Xu M, Fu A, Lan W, Luan S. A SPX domain vacuolar transporter links phosphate sensing to homeostasis in Arabidopsis. Mol Plant 2022; 15:1590-1601. [PMID: 36097639 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2022.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Excess phosphate (Pi) is stored into the vacuole through Pi transporters so that cytoplasmic Pi levels remain stable in plant cells. We hypothesized that the vacuolar Pi transporters may harbor a Pi-sensing mechanism so that they are activated to deliver Pi into the vacuole only when cytosolic Pi reaches a threshold high level. We tested this hypothesis using Vacuolar Phosphate Transporter 1 (VPT1), a SPX domain-containing vacuolar Pi transporter, as a model. Recent studies have defined SPX as a Pi-sensing module that binds inositol polyphosphate signaling molecules (InsPs) produced at high cellular Pi status. We showed here that Pi-deficient conditions or mutation of the SPX domain severely impaired the transport activity of VPT1. We further identified an auto-inhibitory domain in VPT1 that suppresses its transport activity. Taking together the results from detailed structure-function analyses, our study suggests that VPT1 is in the auto-inhibitory state when Pi status is low, whereas at high cellular Pi status InsPs are produced and bind SPX domain to switch on VPT1 activity to deliver Pi into the vacuole. This thus provides an auto-regulatory mechanism for VPT1-mediated Pi sensing and homeostasis in plant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingda Luan
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China; Institute of Future Agriculture, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Fugeng Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Guangfang Sun
- School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Min Xu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Aigen Fu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Wenzhi Lan
- School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Sheng Luan
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
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Chi YP, Haese E, Rodehutscord M. Ruminal and post-ruminal phytate degradation of diets containing rapeseed meal or soybean meal. Arch Anim Nutr 2022; 76:233-247. [PMID: 36647767 DOI: 10.1080/1745039x.2022.2164158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate ruminal and post-ruminal degradation of phytic acid (InsP6) in diets containing either rapeseed meal (RSM) or soybean meal (SBM). In Experiment 1, the effective degradability of crude protein (CPED) and InsP6 (InsP6ED) was evaluated by incubating RSM and SBM in situ in three rumen-fistulated lactating Jersey cows for 2, 4, 6, 8, 16, 24, 48 and 72 h, and calculating effective degradability at rumen passage rates of 2% and 5%/h. In Experiment 2, eight wethers were assigned for 8 weeks to two dietary treatments (Diet RSM and Diet SBM) containing 150 g of either meal and 100 g of maize silage per feeding time and had free access to hay and water. Titanium dioxide (TiO2) was added to the diets for the last 5 days of the study. The wethers were then stunned, exsanguinated and digesta from the reticulo-rumen, omasum, abomasum, jejunum, colon, and rectum were sampled. In Experiment 1, the InsP6ED of RSM (InsP6ED2: 83%; InsP6ED5: 64%) decreased almost identically to that of CPED with increasing passage rate (CPED2: 78%; CPED5: 63%) and was significantly lower than that of SBM (InsP6ED2: 93%; InsP6ED5: 85%). In Experiment 2, ruminal InsP6 disappearance was significantly higher in wethers fed Diet SBM (89%) than in those fed Diet RSM (76%). Total post-ruminal InsP6 degradation was 6% for Diet RSM and 4% for Diet SBM (p = 0.186). The total tract InsP6 disappearance was higher in Diet SBM (93%) than in Diet RSM (82%). Considering higher InsP6 contents in RSM, Diet RSM resulted in significantly higher amounts of ruminally (Diet RSM: 4.5 g/d; Diet SBM: 3.4 g/d) and total tract (Diet RSM: 4.9 g/d; Diet SBM: 3.5 g/d) degraded InsP6. InsP5 was quantified in most of the digesta samples after feeding Diet RSM but was not detectable in the majority of digesta samples for Diet SBM. Concentrations of myo-inositol (MI) tended to be higher (p = 0.060) in the blood plasma of wethers fed Diet RSM. The consistency between ruminal InsP6 disappearance in wethers and in situ calculated InsP6ED2, along with the very low extent of post-ruminal InsP6 degradation, suggests that at a low rumen passage rate, InsP6-P from the feed becoming available to ruminants is almost entirely from InsP6 degradation in the rumen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Ping Chi
- Institute of Animal Science, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Eva Haese
- Institute of Animal Science, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
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Kristoffersen S, Wiśniewska Z, Kaczmarek S, Gjefsen T, Kjos NP, Cowieson AJ, Svihus B. Assessment of crop usage in ad libitum fed birds and short-term phytase efficiency as affected by acid addition. Br Poult Sci 2021; 63:414-420. [PMID: 34870526 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2021.2012126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
1. A field assessment was performed to map the extent of crop usage and thus retention time in broiler chickens. In addition, a broiler experiment was carried out to study the short-term effect of acid addition on phytase efficacy in the crop.2. In the field assessment, the crop content of 40 ad libitum fed broiler chickens from four different farms were sampled at 10, 20 and 30 d of age. The dry matter (DM) content varied from zero to 32 g.3. From 11 d of age, 120 individually caged chickens were intermittently fed a high phytate-P diet with either no addition or 500 FYT C. braakii-derived phytase added or both phytase and 1.4 % formic acid added. Excreta were collected for assessment of phosphorus (P) retention. At 20 and 21 d of age, starved birds were fed for 1 h, and thereafter crop and gizzard contents were collected every 20 min until 140 min after start of the feeding. At 60 and 140 min, the contents from the jejunum and ileum were collected.4. All diets reduced the concentration of phytate in the crop, however the combination of acid and phytase resulted in a higher degradation (P<0.05) than the other diets from 20 min after the start of feeding. Simultaneously, the concentration of the smaller inositol phosphate isomers, such as inositol-5-phosphate, increased (P<0.05). Phytase increased (P<0.05) P retention, and the combination of acid and phytase increased jejunal P digestibility (P<0.05) compared to the other diets.5. The results indicated that lower pH in the crop due to acid addition improved phytase efficacy and increased P digestibility in the anterior digestive tract, even with short retention times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siril Kristoffersen
- Faculty of Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, N-1432 Aas, Norway and Felleskjøpet Rogaland Agder, Sandvikveien 21, N-4002 Stavanger, Norway
| | - Zuzanna Wiśniewska
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Management, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wołyńska 33, 60-637 Poznań, Poland
| | - Sebastian Kaczmarek
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Management, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wołyńska 33, 60-637 Poznań, Poland
| | - Torger Gjefsen
- Felleskjøpet Rogaland Agder, Sandvikveien 21, N-4002 Stavanger, Norway
| | - Nils Petter Kjos
- Faculty of Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, N-1432 Aas, Norway
| | - Aaron J Cowieson
- DSM Nutritional Products, Wurmisweg 576, 4303 Kaiseraugst, Switzerland
| | - Birger Svihus
- Faculty of Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, N-1432 Aas, Norway
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Klein N, Papp M, Rosenfelder-Kuon P, Schroedter A, Avenhaus U, Rodehutscord M. Phosphorus digestibility and phytate degradation in pigs fed wheat-based diets with different intrinsic phytase activity and added microbial phytase. Arch Anim Nutr 2021; 75:450-464. [PMID: 34724855 DOI: 10.1080/1745039x.2021.1988814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of variation in wheat-derived phytase activity on myo-inositol 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexakis (dihydrogen phosphate) (InsP6) degradation, inositol phosphate (InsP) isomer concentration and phosphorus (P) digestibility in pigs fed wheat-based diets. Additional effects of a microbial phytase supplementation were also studied. Three wheat genotypes (W1-W3) with an analysed phytase activity between 2760 and 3700 FTU/kg were used to formulate four experimental diets that included soybean meal and rapeseed meal but did not contain a mineral P supplement. DietW1-DietW3 only differed in the included wheat genotypes (W1-W3) at an inclusion level of 400 g/kg. DietW3+ contained W3 and a commercial 6-phytase supplementation at 500 FTU/kg diet. Eight barrows with an initial body weight of 27 kg were fitted with a simple T-cannula at the distal ileum and assigned to the four dietary treatments in a completely randomised row column design. The experiment included four periods of 12 d each. The first 5 d of each period were for diet adaptation, followed by collection of faeces (4 d), ileal digesta (2 d), and blood (last day). In DietW1-DietW3, the mean precaecal (pc) InsP6 disappearance was 48% and the mean pc P digestibility was 37% without a significant effect of the wheat genotype. The InsP6 disappearance measured in the faeces was close to complete in all treatments, and faecal P digestibility was not significantly affected by the wheat genotype (36% overall). The addition of microbial phytase caused a significant increase in pc InsP6 degradation (to 79%) and pc and total tract P digestibility (to 53% and 52%, respectively). The concentration of InsP6 degradation products in ileal digesta was not significantly affected by the wheat genotype, except for that of Ins(1,2,3,4,6)P5 and myo-inositol, which were higher in DietW3 than in DietW1 and DietW2. The added microbial phytase significantly reduced the concentration of InsP5 isomers in the ileal digesta and increased the concentrations of lower InsP isomers and myo-inositol. There were no significant effects of the added microbial phytase on pc amino acid digestibility; however, the wheat genotype exerted significant effects on the pc digestibility of Cys, Gly and Val. It was concluded that an increase in the intrinsic phytase activity of wheat achieved by crossbreeding was not reflected in InsP6 degradation and P digestibility in pigs fed wheat-based diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Klein
- Institute of Animal Science, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Marius Papp
- Institute of Animal Science, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | | | - Annika Schroedter
- Institute of Animal Science, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Ulrike Avenhaus
- W. von Borries-Eckendorf GmbH & Co. KG, Leopoldshöhe, Germany
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Riemer E, Qiu D, Laha D, Harmel RK, Gaugler P, Gaugler V, Frei M, Hajirezaei MR, Laha NP, Krusenbaum L, Schneider R, Saiardi A, Fiedler D, Jessen HJ, Schaaf G, Giehl RFH. ITPK1 is an InsP 6/ADP phosphotransferase that controls phosphate signaling in Arabidopsis. Mol Plant 2021; 14:1864-1880. [PMID: 34274522 PMCID: PMC8573591 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2021.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
In plants, phosphate (Pi) homeostasis is regulated by the interaction of PHR transcription factors with stand-alone SPX proteins, which act as sensors for inositol pyrophosphates. In this study, we combined different methods to obtain a comprehensive picture of how inositol (pyro)phosphate metabolism is regulated by Pi and dependent on the inositol phosphate kinase ITPK1. We found that inositol pyrophosphates are more responsive to Pi than lower inositol phosphates, a response conserved across kingdoms. Using the capillary electrophoresis electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (CE-ESI-MS) we could separate different InsP7 isomers in Arabidopsis and rice, and identify 4/6-InsP7 and a PP-InsP4 isomer hitherto not reported in plants. We found that the inositol pyrophosphates 1/3-InsP7, 5-InsP7, and InsP8 increase several fold in shoots after Pi resupply and that tissue-specific accumulation of inositol pyrophosphates relies on ITPK1 activities and MRP5-dependent InsP6 compartmentalization. Notably, ITPK1 is critical for Pi-dependent 5-InsP7 and InsP8 synthesis in planta and its activity regulates Pi starvation responses in a PHR-dependent manner. Furthermore, we demonstrated that ITPK1-mediated conversion of InsP6 to 5-InsP7 requires high ATP concentrations and that Arabidopsis ITPK1 has an ADP phosphotransferase activity to dephosphorylate specifically 5-InsP7 under low ATP. Collectively, our study provides new insights into Pi-dependent changes in nutritional and energetic states with the synthesis of regulatory inositol pyrophosphates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Riemer
- Department of Plant Nutrition, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Danye Qiu
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy and CIBSS-Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, Albert-Ludwigs University Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Debabrata Laha
- Medical Research Council Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology (MRC-LMCB), University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK; Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560 012, India
| | - Robert K Harmel
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie, 13125 Berlin, Germany; Department of Chemistry, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Philipp Gaugler
- Department of Plant Nutrition, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Verena Gaugler
- Department of Plant Nutrition, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael Frei
- Institute of Agronomy and Crop Physiology, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Mohammad-Reza Hajirezaei
- Department of Physiology & Cell Biology, Leibniz-Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, 06466 Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Nargis Parvin Laha
- Department of Plant Nutrition, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Lukas Krusenbaum
- Department of Plant Nutrition, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Robin Schneider
- Department of Plant Nutrition, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Adolfo Saiardi
- Medical Research Council Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology (MRC-LMCB), University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Dorothea Fiedler
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie, 13125 Berlin, Germany; Department of Chemistry, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Henning J Jessen
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy and CIBSS-Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, Albert-Ludwigs University Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Gabriel Schaaf
- Department of Plant Nutrition, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany.
| | - Ricardo F H Giehl
- Department of Physiology & Cell Biology, Leibniz-Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, 06466 Gatersleben, Germany.
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Nagpal L, Kornberg MD, Albacarys LK, Snyder SH. Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase-2 determines cellular energy dynamics by regulating creatine kinase-B. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2020695118. [PMID: 33547244 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2020695118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Inositol hexakisphosphate kinases (IP6Ks) regulate various biological processes. IP6Ks convert IP6 to pyrophosphates such as diphosphoinositol pentakisphosphate (IP7) and bis-diphosphoinositol tetrakisphosphate (IP8). IP7 is produced in mammals by a family of inositol hexakisphosphate kinases, IP6K1, IP6K2, and IP6K3, which have distinct biological functions. The inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 2 (IP6K2) controls cellular apoptosis. To explore roles for IP6K2 in brain function, we elucidated its protein interactome in mouse brain revealing a robust association of IP6K2 with creatine kinase-B (CK-B), a key enzyme in energy homeostasis. Cerebella of IP6K2-deleted mice (IP6K2-knockout [KO]) produced less phosphocreatine and ATP and generated higher levels of reactive oxygen species and protein oxidative damage. In IP6K2-KO mice, mitochondrial dysfunction was associated with impaired expression of the cytochrome-c1 subunit of complex III of the electron transport chain. We reversed some of these effects by combined treatment with N-acetylcysteine and phosphocreatine. These findings establish a role for IP6K2-CK-B interaction in energy homeostasis associated with neuroprotection.
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12
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Kristoffersen S, Itani K, Benzertiha A, Kierończyk B, Kjos NP, Svihus B. Effect of crop retention time and acidification of the feed on phytase efficacy in broiler chickens. Br Poult Sci 2021; 62:443-451. [PMID: 33467889 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2020.1870661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
1. An in vitro test to study the effect of pH reduction on phytic acid degradation over time for four commercial phytases was conducted. Changing the pH level affected phytate degradation over time differently for the various phytases (P < 0.05).2. The phytase with the largest response of pH reduction in the in vitro test and a feed pH level of 4.5 was chosen for the broiler experiment. The effect of intermittent feeding, addition of 500 FYT C. braakii-derived phytase and 1% formic acid were tested in a 2 x 2 x 2 factorial arrangement. Ten pens containing 10 birds each were fed each of the treatment combinations from 15 to 36 d of age. Ad libitum fed birds had two 4-h dark periods with 2-h light in-between, while intermittently fed birds in addition had restricted access to the feed through except for four 1-h and one 2-h feeding bouts.3. In addition to assessing performance, excreta were collected on a pen basis. The tibia and contents from jejunum and ileum were collected from one bird per pen. In addition, crop contents were collected from the intermittently fed birds 80, 160 and 240 min after the start of feeding.4. Phytase improved performance, ileal and jejunal P digestibility, P retention and tibia ash and P concentration (P < 0.001). Intermittent feeding increased jejunal P digestibility and P retention (P < 0.001), but ileal P digestibility increased only in the intermittently fed birds compared to the ad libitum fed birds without phytase addition (P = 0.025). Acidification increased jejunal P digestibility only in the ad libitum fed birds (P = 0.019). There was a considerable inositol hexakisphosphate degradation into lower isomers in the crop after 80 min for diets with phytase (InsP3 and 4:P < 0.001), and acidification further increased this degradation (InsP4:P = 0.007). After 160 min retention time, the effect of phytase and acidification was even higher with more significant (P < 0.05) interactions.5. The current data showed that prolonged retention time in the crop combined with feed acidification increased phytase efficacy by improving the phytate degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kristoffersen
- Faculty of Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway.,Felleskjøpet Rogaland Agder, Stavanger, Norway
| | - K Itani
- Faculty of Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - A Benzertiha
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Management, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - B Kierończyk
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Management, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - N P Kjos
- Faculty of Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - B Svihus
- Faculty of Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
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13
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Siegert W, Hofmann P, Rodehutscord M. Effect of low-temperature drying on the nitrogenous compounds and inositol phosphates in broiler chickens and cecectomized laying hen excreta. Anim Sci J 2021; 92:e13484. [PMID: 33398904 DOI: 10.1111/asj.13484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We investigated how the chemical composition of broiler chicken and cecectomized laying hen excreta is affected by drying in a forced-air drying chamber at low temperatures. Excreta that was immediately frozen after voiding provided the reference values. The excreta were dried in drying chambers for 4 hr, 6 hr, and 12 hr at 23°C or 33°C in the broiler experiment and 19°C or 29°C in the cecectomized laying hen experiment. The total N and inositol phosphate concentrations in the excreta of broiler chickens and cecectomized laying hens were not influenced (p > .050), except for one inositol tetrakisphosphate isomer (p = .026) in broilers. Compared to fresh excreta, drying did not affect the ammonia concentrations in the cecectomized laying hen experiment (p > .050), but the ammonia concentration was lower when dried for 12 hr at 33°C in the broiler experiment (p = .002). Amino acid concentrations in cecectomized laying hen excreta decreased until 4 hr of drying and then increased at both drying temperatures (p < .001). The results indicate that the applicability of drying poultry excreta at low temperatures in forced-air drying chambers to determine the chemical compound concentrations is trait-dependent. Future studies are necessary to investigate whether these results are also dependent upon the amount of excreta stored in the drying chambers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Siegert
- Institute of Animal Science, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Philipp Hofmann
- Institute of Animal Science, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
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14
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Marolt G, Kolar M. Analytical Methods for Determination of Phytic Acid and Other Inositol Phosphates: A Review. Molecules 2020; 26:E174. [PMID: 33396544 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26010174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
From the early precipitation-based techniques, introduced more than a century ago, to the latest development of enzymatic bio- and nano-sensor applications, the analysis of phytic acid and/or other inositol phosphates has never been a straightforward analytical task. Due to the biomedical importance, such as antinutritional, antioxidant and anticancer effects, several types of methodologies were investigated over the years to develop a reliable determination of these intriguing analytes in many types of biological samples; from various foodstuffs to living cell organisms. The main aim of the present work was to critically overview the development of the most relevant analytical principles, separation and detection methods that have been applied in order to overcome the difficulties with specific chemical properties of inositol phosphates, their interferences, absence of characteristic signal (e.g., absorbance), and strong binding interactions with (multivalent) metals and other biological molecules present in the sample matrix. A systematical and chronological review of the applied methodology and the detection system is given, ranging from the very beginnings of the classical gravimetric and titrimetric analysis, through the potentiometric titrations, chromatographic and electrophoretic separation techniques, to the use of spectroscopic methods and of the recently reported fluorescence and voltammetric bio- and nano-sensors.
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15
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Weinberg SE, Sun LY, Yang AL, Liao J, Yang GY. Overview of Inositol and Inositol Phosphates on Chemoprevention of Colitis-Induced Carcinogenesis. Molecules 2020; 26:E31. [PMID: 33374769 PMCID: PMC7796135 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26010031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation is one of the most common and well-recognized risk factors for human cancer, including colon cancer. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is defined as a longstanding idiopathic chronic active inflammatory process in the colon, including ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. Importantly, patients with IBD have a significantly increased risk for the development of colorectal carcinoma. Dietary inositol and its phosphates, as well as phospholipid derivatives, are well known to benefit human health in diverse pathologies including cancer prevention. Inositol phosphates including InsP3, InsP6, and other pyrophosphates, play important roles in cellular metabolic and signal transduction pathways involved in the control of cell proliferation, differentiation, RNA export, DNA repair, energy transduction, ATP regeneration, and numerous others. In the review, we highlight the biologic function and health effects of inositol and its phosphates including the nature and sources of these molecules, potential nutritional deficiencies, their biologic metabolism and function, and finally, their role in the prevention of colitis-induced carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel E. Weinberg
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 303 East Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; (S.E.W.); (L.Y.S.); (J.L.)
| | - Le Yu Sun
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 303 East Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; (S.E.W.); (L.Y.S.); (J.L.)
| | - Allison L. Yang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1293 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA;
| | - Jie Liao
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 303 East Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; (S.E.W.); (L.Y.S.); (J.L.)
| | - Guang Yu Yang
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 303 East Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; (S.E.W.); (L.Y.S.); (J.L.)
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16
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Starzyńska-Janiszewska A, Duliński R, Stodolak B. Fermentation with Edible Rhizopus Strains to Enhance the Bioactive Potential of Hull-Less Pumpkin Oil Cake. Molecules 2020; 25:E5782. [PMID: 33302391 PMCID: PMC7762570 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25245782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Solid-state fermentation with food-grade fungal strains can be applied to enhance the bioactive parameters of agro-industrial by-products. Tempe-type fermentation can be adapted to various substrates, but the key factor is the appropriate strain selection. The aim of this study was to compare the potential of Rhizopus strains for obtaining products of improved antioxidant activity from pumpkin oil cake. For this purpose, substances reacting with the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent, with free radical scavenging potential, as well as reducing power were assessed. The effect of the fermentation on the phytate level and inositol phosphate profile in the material was also monitored. The fermentation resulted in the significant enhancement of the antioxidant potential of pumpkin oil cake in the case of all the strains tested, but the most efficient one was R. oligosporus ATCC 64063. During the course of fermentation, the level of phytate in the material decreased (the highest reduction rate was observed in the oil cake fermented with R. oryzae CBS 372.63), while peptides and fungal glucosamine were accumulated. Tempe-type fermentation can be considered as an alternative way of improving the bioactive parameters of pumpkin oil cake and, thanks to the various activities of different Rhizopus strains, it is possible to obtain products of desired parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Starzyńska-Janiszewska
- Department of Biotechnology and General Technology of Food, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Balicka 122, 30-149 Krakow, Poland; (R.D.); (B.S.)
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Abstract
Several studies have identified specific signalling functions for inositol polyphosphates (IPs) in different cell types and have led to the accumulation of new information regarding their cellular roles as well as new insights into their cellular production. These studies have revealed that interaction of IPs with several proteins is critical for stabilization of protein complexes and for modulation of enzymatic activity. This has not only revealed their importance in regulation of several cellular processes but it has also highlighted the possibility of new pharmacological interventions in multiple diseases, including cancer. In this review, we describe some of the intracellular roles of IPs and we discuss the pharmacological opportunities that modulation of IPs levels can provide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Maffucci
- Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 2AT, UK
- Correspondence: (T.M.); (M.F.); Tel.: +61-08-92669712 (M.F.)
| | - Marco Falasca
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, CHIRI, Curtin University, Perth 6102, Australia
- Correspondence: (T.M.); (M.F.); Tel.: +61-08-92669712 (M.F.)
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Chatree S, Thongmaen N, Tantivejkul K, Sitticharoon C, Vucenik I. Role of Inositols and Inositol Phosphates in Energy Metabolism. Molecules 2020; 25:E5079. [PMID: 33139672 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25215079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, inositols, especially myo-inositol and inositol hexakisphosphate, also known as phytic acid or IP6, with their biological activities received much attention for their role in multiple health beneficial effects. Although their roles in cancer treatment and prevention have been extensively reported, interestingly, they may also have distinctive properties in energy metabolism and metabolic disorders. We review inositols and inositol phosphate metabolism in mammalian cells to establish their biological activities and highlight their potential roles in energy metabolism. These molecules are known to decrease insulin resistance, increase insulin sensitivity, and have diverse properties with importance from cell signaling to metabolism. Evidence showed that inositol phosphates might enhance the browning of white adipocytes and directly improve insulin sensitivity through adipocytes. In addition, inositol pyrophosphates containing high-energy phosphate bonds are considered in increasing cellular energetics. Despite all recent advances, many aspects of the bioactivity of inositol phosphates are still not clear, especially their effects on insulin resistance and alteration of metabolism, so more research is needed.
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Wasner HK. Prostaglandylinositol cyclic phosphate, the natural antagonist of cyclic AMP. IUBMB Life 2020; 72:2282-2289. [PMID: 32893983 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
While searching for a counterpart to cyclic AMP, a new compound was found to inhibit adenylate cyclase. It was identified as prostaglandyl-(15-4')-myo-inositol (1':2'-cyclic)-phosphate (cyclic PIP). The substrates for its biosynthesis are prostaglandin E (PGE) and the novel inositol phosphate, guanosine diphospho-4-myo-inositol 1:2-cyclic phosphate (n-IP). The basic regulatory properties of cyclic PIP are to inhibit dose-dependently protein kinase A (PKA) and to seven-fold activate protein ser/thr phosphatase holoenzyme. These regulations occur as rapidly as the activation of PKA by cyclic AMP. Such regulatory properties are essential for the meticulous regulation of the equilibrium between the phospho- and de-phospho-form of interconvertible enzymes. The synthesis of cyclic PIP is stimulated by insulin and noradrenaline (α-receptor action). The insulin-stimulated cyclic PIP synthase is active in a tyrosine-phosphorylated state. A comparable characterization of the adrenaline-stimulated cyclic PIP synthase is still incomplete. In streptozotocin-diabetic rats, the hormonal stimulation of cyclic PIP synthesis decreases with time. Cyclic PIP synthesis is activated by biguanides as metformin two to four-fold and by antihypertensive drugs two-fold. Inhibition of cyclic PIP synthesis leads to a metabolic state as observed in early-stage type-2 diabetes. In summary, all living cells synthesize cyclic PIP, which switches on anabolism, whereas cyclic AMP triggers catabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heinrich K Wasner
- BioReg Biopharm, HTI (Health, Technology, Innovation), University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Arribas C, Cabellos B, Cuadrado C, Guillamón E, Pedrosa MM. Cooking Effect on the Bioactive Compounds, Texture, and Color Properties of Cold-Extruded Rice/Bean-Based Pasta Supplemented with Whole Carob Fruit. Foods 2020; 9:E415. [PMID: 32252323 PMCID: PMC7230172 DOI: 10.3390/foods9040415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pasta is considered as the ideal vehicle for fortification; thus, different formulations of gluten-free pasta have been developed (rice 0-100%, bean 0-100%, and carob fruit 0% or 10%). In this article, the content of individual inositol phosphates, soluble sugars and α-galactosides, protease inhibitors, lectin, phenolic composition, color, and texture were determined in uncooked and cooked pasta. The highest total inositol phosphates and protease inhibitors contents were found in the samples with a higher bean percentage. After cooking, the content of total inositol phosphates ranged from 2.12 to 7.97 mg/g (phytic acid or inositol hexaphosphate (IP6) was the major isoform found); the protease inhibitor activities showed values up to 12.12 trypsin inhibitor (TIU)/mg and 16.62 chymotrypsin inhibitor (CIU)/mg, whereas the competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) showed the elimination of lectins. Considering the different α-galactosides analyzed, their content was reduced up to 70% (p < 0.05) by the cooking process. The total phenols content was reduced around 17-48% after cooking. The cooked samples fortified with 10% carob fruit resulted in darker fettuccine with good firmness and hardness and higher antioxidant activity, sucrose, and total phenols content than the corresponding counterparts without this flour. All of the experimental fettuccine can be considered as functional and healthy pasta mainly due to their bioactive compound content, compared to the commercial rice pasta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Arribas
- Food Technology Department, SGIT-INIA, Ctra de La Coruña, Km 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (C.A.); (B.C.); (C.C.)
| | - Blanca Cabellos
- Food Technology Department, SGIT-INIA, Ctra de La Coruña, Km 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (C.A.); (B.C.); (C.C.)
| | - Carmen Cuadrado
- Food Technology Department, SGIT-INIA, Ctra de La Coruña, Km 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (C.A.); (B.C.); (C.C.)
| | - Eva Guillamón
- Centre for the Food Quality, SGIT-INIA, C/Universidad s/n, 42004 Soria, Spain;
| | - Mercedes M. Pedrosa
- Food Technology Department, SGIT-INIA, Ctra de La Coruña, Km 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (C.A.); (B.C.); (C.C.)
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21
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Rosenfelder-Kuon P, Klein N, Zegowitz B, Schollenberger M, Kühn I, Thuringer L, Seifert J, Rodehutscord M. Phytate degradation cascade in pigs as affected by phytase supplementation and rapeseed cake inclusion in corn-soybean meal-based diets. J Anim Sci 2020; 98:skaa053. [PMID: 32060531 PMCID: PMC7057925 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skaa053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Two experiments (Exp.) with ileally cannulated growing barrows were conducted. The concentrations of positional inositol phosphate (InsP) isomers in ileal digesta and feces were determined, as well as the prececal and total tract phytate (InsP6) hydrolysis, and digestibility of dry matter, P, Ca, nitrogen, and gross energy. Prececal amino acid (AA) digestibility and digestive enzyme activities in ileal digesta were also studied. In both Exp., pigs had an initial body weight (BW) of 28 kg and were completely randomized to a Double Latin Square Design with eight pigs, four diets, and three periods of 12 d each. Feces and ileal digesta were collected for 5 d and 2 d, respectively. Pigs were housed individually in stainless steel metabolic units. Water was available ad libitum and feed was provided two times daily at an amount of 4% of mean BW. In Exp. 1, pigs received a corn-soybean meal (SBM)-based diet that was supplemented with 0, 750, 1,500, or 3,000 FTU of a microbial phytase/kg diet. In Exp. 2, pigs were allotted to a 2 × 2 arrangement of diets based on corn and SBM or an SBM-rapeseed cake (RSC) mix and phytase supplementation at 0 or 1,500 FTU/kg of diet. In ileal digesta of pigs fed without the phytase supplement, the dominating InsP isomers beside InsP6 were InsP5 isomers. The InsP pattern in ileal digesta changed with the inclusion of microbial phytase in both Exp., as there was a remarkable increase in Ins(1,2,5,6)P4 concentration (P < 0.001). In both Exp., the myo-inositol concentration in ileal digesta was greater upon phytase addition (P < 0.001). Without phytase supplementation, prececal and total tract P digestibility were low, whereas hardly any InsP6 was excreted in feces. There was no difference between prececal and total tract P digestibility values. For most AA studied in Exp. 2, prececal digestibility was lower (P < 0.01) when the diet contained RSC. However, phytase supplementation did not significantly affect prececal AA digestibility in both Exp. The present study showed that InsP6 disappearance by the end of the ileum can be increased up to around 90% in SBM- and SBM-RSC-based diets when microbial phytase is supplemented, but prececal P digestibility hardly exceeded 60%. The study confirms that pigs cannot benefit from a remarkable InsP6 degradation in the hindgut.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nicolas Klein
- Institute of Animal Science, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Benedikt Zegowitz
- Institute of Animal Science, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | | | | | - Lucia Thuringer
- Institute of Animal Science, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Jana Seifert
- Institute of Animal Science, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
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Grases F, Costa-Bauza A. Key Aspects of Myo-Inositol Hexaphosphate (Phytate) and Pathological Calcifications. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24244434. [PMID: 31817119 PMCID: PMC6943413 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24244434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Phytate (myo-inositol hexaphosphate, InsP6) is an important component of seeds, legumes, nuts, and whole cereals. Although this molecule was discovered in 1855, its biological effects as an antinutrient was first described in 1940. The antinutrient effect of phytate results because it can decrease the bioavailability of important minerals under certain circumstances. However, during the past 30 years, researchers have identified many important health benefits of phytate. Thus, 150 years have elapsed since the discovery of phytate to the first descriptions of its beneficial effects. This long delay may be due to the difficulty in determining phytate in biological media, and because phytate dephosphorylation generates many derivatives (InsPs) that also have important biological functions. This paper describes the role of InsP6 in blocking the development of pathological calcifications. Thus, in vitro studies have shown that InsP6 and its hydrolysates (InsPs), as well as pyrophosphate, bisphosphonates, and other polyphosphates, have high capacity to inhibit calcium salt crystallization. Oral or topical administration of phytate in vivo significantly decreases the development of pathological calcifications, although the details of the underlying mechanism are uncertain. Moreover, oral or topical administration of InsP6 also leads to increased urinary excretion of mixtures of different InsPs; in the absence of InsP6 administration, only InsP2 occurs at detectable levels in urine.
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23
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Primi R, Ruggeri R, Ronchi B, Bernabucci U, Rossini F, Martin-Pedrosa M, Danieli PP. Sowing Date and Seeding Rate Affect Bioactive Compound Contents of Chickpea Grains. Animals (Basel) 2019; 9:E571. [PMID: 31426545 DOI: 10.3390/ani9080571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Chickpea grains may represent an alternative to soybean meals and energetic concentrates in animal feeding, as their nutritional value can help to increase the sustainability of livestock systems. Unfortunately, the presence of bioactive compounds with anti-nutritional effects can prevent its direct use, especially in mono-gastrics. It is known that the synthesis of these compounds depends on genetic expression, which is also influenced by growth conditions. The objective of this two-year study was to assess the effect of sowing date (winter versus spring) and seeding rate (70 versus 110 seeds m-2) on the accumulation of soluble carbohydrates, α-galactosides, trypsin inhibitors, and inositol phosphates in the grains of two Kabuli cultivars, in the Mediterranean climate. The results showed that seeds collected from winter sowing contained more trypsin inhibitors than those seeded in spring (+ 4%, on average), reaching values between 16.1 and 18.6 TIU mg protein-1. The seeding rate affects only the α-galactosides content, which increases (+9%) at lower densities (70 seeds m-2). These findings suggest that agronomic management can be used to modulate the content of some anti-nutritional factors in the seeds, even though the genetic characteristics and phenotypic expression, in relation to the climatic conditions, seem to deeply affect the content of all the bioactive compounds investigated.
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De Rango F, Crocco P, Iannone F, Saiardi A, Passarino G, Dato S, Rose G. Inositol Polyphosphate Multikinase ( IPMK), a Gene Coding for a Potential Moonlighting Protein, Contributes to Human Female Longevity. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10020125. [PMID: 30744060 PMCID: PMC6410091 DOI: 10.3390/genes10020125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Biogerontological research highlighted a complex and dynamic connection between aging, health and longevity, partially determined by genetic factors. Multifunctional proteins with moonlighting features, by integrating different cellular activities in the space and time, may explain part of this complexity. Inositol Polyphosphate Multikinase (IPMK) is a potential moonlighting protein performing multiple unrelated functions. Initially identified as a key enzyme for inositol phosphates synthesis, small messengers regulating many aspects of cell physiology, IPMK is now implicated in a number of metabolic pathways affecting the aging process. IPMK regulates basic transcription, telomere homeostasis, nutrient-sensing, metabolism and oxidative stress. Here, we tested the hypothesis that the genetic variability of IPMK may affect human longevity. Single-SNP (single nuclear polymorphism), haplotype-based association tests as well as survival analysis pointed to the relevance of six out of fourteen genotyped SNPs for female longevity. In particular, haplotype analysis refined the association highlighting two SNPs, rs2790234 and rs6481383, as major contributing variants for longevity in women. Our work, the first to investigate the association between variants of IPMK and longevity, supports IPMK as a novel gender-specific genetic determinant of human longevity, playing a role in the complex network of genetic factors involved in human survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco De Rango
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy.
| | - Paolina Crocco
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy.
| | - Francesca Iannone
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy.
| | - Adolfo Saiardi
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Giuseppe Passarino
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy.
| | - Serena Dato
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy.
| | - Giuseppina Rose
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy.
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25
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Ingelmann CJ, Witzig M, Möhring J, Schollenberger M, Kühn I, Rodehutscord M. Phytate degradation and phosphorus digestibility in broilers and turkeys fed different corn sources with or without added phytase. Poult Sci 2019; 98:912-922. [PMID: 30272230 PMCID: PMC6376216 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pey438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to test whether different dietary corn sources and phytase supplementation affect the prececal phosphorus digestibility (pcdP) and appearance of inositol phosphates in the lower ileum of growing broiler chickens and turkeys. Two experiments were conducted, one with broiler chickens and one with turkeys. Four corn diets were provided; these were formulated to contain low P and calcium (Ca) contents and incorporated 43% of one of the four different corn sources. Diets were either unsupplemented or supplemented with 500 FTU of an Escherichia coli-derived phytase/kg feed. Experimental diets were fed ad libitum from day 20 post-hatch. At 28 d of age, digesta were sampled from the lower ileum of animals to determine pcdP and pc myo-inositol 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexakis (dihydrogen phosphate) (InsP6) degradation and to analyze the concentrations of lower inositol phosphate isomers. The pcdP of non-supplemented diets ranged from 51 to 60% and from 22 to 28% in broilers and turkeys, respectively. A negative correlation was observed between the InsP6 content of the corn source and the pcdP of diets in broilers only. Without phytase supplementation, pc InsP6 degradation ranged from 64 to 76% in broilers and from 6 to 15% in turkeys. Phytase increased the pcdP by around 15% in broilers (P < 0.001) and 9 to 17% in turkeys (P < 0.001). In turkeys, phytase efficacy was greatest when the diets contained corn with higher contents of ether extract and InsP6. An effect of corn source on the appearance of lower InsPs in the ileal digesta was found in broilers only. These results suggest that broilers possess a greater capacity for InsP6 degradation and hydrolysis of lower InsPs compared with turkeys. Furthermore, the results are influenced by the corn source used. Further research is needed to identify the factors responsible for the low level of phytate degradation in turkeys in order to improve the availability of InsP6-P and the efficacy of phytase.
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Affiliation(s)
- C-J Ingelmann
- Institut für Nutztierwissenschaften, Universität Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - M Witzig
- Institut für Nutztierwissenschaften, Universität Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - J Möhring
- Institut für Kulturpflanzenwissenschaften, Universität Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - M Schollenberger
- Institut für Nutztierwissenschaften, Universität Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - I Kühn
- AB Vista, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - M Rodehutscord
- Institut für Nutztierwissenschaften, Universität Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
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26
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Cestari I, McLeland-Wieser H, Stuart K. Nuclear Phosphatidylinositol 5-Phosphatase Is Essential for Allelic Exclusion of Variant Surface Glycoprotein Genes in Trypanosomes. Mol Cell Biol 2019; 39:e00395-18. [PMID: 30420356 DOI: 10.1128/MCB.00395-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Allelic exclusion of variant surface glycoprotein (VSG) genes is essential for African trypanosomes to evade the host antibody response by antigenic variation. The mechanisms by which this parasite expresses only one of its ∼2,000 VSG genes at a time are unknown. We show that nuclear phosphatidylinositol 5-phosphatase (PIP5Pase) interacts with repressor activator protein 1 (RAP1) in a multiprotein complex and functions in the control of VSG allelic exclusion. RAP1 binds PIP5Pase substrate phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate [PI(3,4,5)P3], and catalytic mutation of PIP5Pase that inhibits PI(3,4,5)P3 dephosphorylation results in simultaneous transcription of VSGs from all telomeric expression sites (ESs) and from silent subtelomeric VSG arrays. PIP5Pase and RAP1 bind to telomeric ESs, especially at 70-bp repeats and telomeres, and their binding is altered by PIP5Pase inactivation or knockdown, implying changes in ES chromatin organization. Our data suggest a model whereby PIP5Pase controls PI(3,4,5)P3 binding by RAP1 and, thus, RAP1 silencing of telomeric and subtelomeric VSG genes. Hence, allelic exclusion of VSG genes may entail control of nuclear phosphoinositides.
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27
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Goßner S, Yuan F, Zhou C, Tan Y, Shu Q, Engel KH. Impact of Cross-Breeding of Low Phytic Acid MIPS1 and IPK1 Soybean ( Glycine max L. Merr.) Mutants on Their Contents of Inositol Phosphate Isomers. J Agric Food Chem 2019; 67:247-257. [PMID: 30541281 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b06117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The knowledge on consequences of cross-breeding of induced low phytic acid ( lpa) soybean ( Glycine max L. Merr.) mutants on the contents of phytic acid (InsP6) and lower inositol phosphate isomers (InsP2-InsP5) in the resulting progenies is limited. Therefore, MIPS1 and IPK1 lpa soybean mutants were crossed with wild-type (WT) cultivars or among themselves to generate homozygous lpa and WT progenies and double lpa mutants. The lpa trait of the MIPS1 mutant was not altered by cross-breeding with a WT cultivar; lpa progenies had InsP6 reductions of about 44% compared to WT progenies. IPK1 progenies showed pronounced accumulations of specific InsP3-InsP5 isomers (up to 12.4 mg/g) compared to the progenitor lpa mutant (4.7 mg/g); the extent of InsP6 reduction (43-71%) was depending on the WT crossing parent. Double mutants exhibited the most pronounced InsP6 reductions (up to 87%), accompanied by moderate accumulations of InsP3-InsP5 (2.5 mg/g). Cross-breeding offers the potential to modulate the amounts of both InsP6 and InsP3-InsP5 contents in lpa soybean mutants and thus to improve their nutritional quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Goßner
- Chair of General Food Technology , Technical University of Munich , Maximus-von-Imhof-Forum 2 , D-85354 Freising-Weihenstephan , Germany
| | - Fengjie Yuan
- Institute of Crop Science and Nuclear Technology Utilization , Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Hangzhou 310021 , China
| | - Chenguang Zhou
- Chair of General Food Technology , Technical University of Munich , Maximus-von-Imhof-Forum 2 , D-85354 Freising-Weihenstephan , Germany
| | - Yuanyuan Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm, Institute of Crop Sciences , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310058 , China
| | - Qingyao Shu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm, Institute of Crop Sciences , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310058 , China
| | - Karl-Heinz Engel
- Chair of General Food Technology , Technical University of Munich , Maximus-von-Imhof-Forum 2 , D-85354 Freising-Weihenstephan , Germany
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28
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Walliser C, Wist M, Hermkes E, Zhou Y, Schade A, Haas J, Deinzer J, Désiré L, Li SSC, Stilgenbauer S, Milner JD, Gierschik P. Functional characterization of phospholipase C-γ 2 mutant protein causing both somatic ibrutinib resistance and a germline monogenic autoinflammatory disorder. Oncotarget 2018; 9:34357-34378. [PMID: 30344948 PMCID: PMC6188132 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Depending on its occurrence in the germline or somatic context, a single point mutation, S707Y, of phospholipase C-γ2 (PLCγ2) gives rise to two distinct human disease states: acquired resistance of chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells (CLL) to inhibitors of Brutons´s tyrosine kinase (Btk) and dominantly inherited autoinflammation and PLCγ2-associated antibody deficiency and immune dysregulation, APLAID, respectively. The functional relationships of the PLCγ2S707Y mutation to other PLCG2 mutations causing (i) Btk inhibitor resistance of CLL cells and (ii) the APLAID-related human disease PLCγ2-associated antibody deficiency and immune dysregulation, PLAID, revealing different clinical characteristics including cold-induced urticaria, respectively, are currently incompletely understood. Here, we show that PLCγ2S707 point mutants displayed much higher activities at 37° C than the CLL Btk inhibitor resistance mutants R665W and L845F and the two PLAID mutants, PLCγ2Δ19 and PLCγ2Δ20-22. Combinations of CLL Btk inhibitor resistance mutations synergized to enhance PLCγ2 activity, with distinct functional consequences for different temporal orders of the individual mutations. Enhanced activity of PLCγ2S707Y was not observed in a cell-free system, suggesting that PLCγ2 activation in intact cells is dependent on regulatory rather than mutant-enzyme-inherent influences. Unlike the two PLAID mutants, PLCγ2S707Y was insensitive to activation by cooling and retained marked hyperresponsiveness to activated Rac upon cooling. In contrast to the PLAID mutants, which are insensitive to activation by endogenously expressed EGF receptors, the S707Y mutation markedly enhanced the stimulatory effect of EGF, explaining some of the pathophysiological discrepancies between immune cells of PLAID and APLAID patients in response to receptor-tyrosine-kinase activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Walliser
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm 89070, Germany
| | - Martin Wist
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm 89070, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Hermkes
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm 89070, Germany
| | - Yuan Zhou
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm 89070, Germany
| | - Anja Schade
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm 89070, Germany
| | - Jennifer Haas
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm 89070, Germany
| | - Julia Deinzer
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm 89070, Germany
| | | | - Shawn S C Li
- Department of Biochemistry and The Siebens-Drake Medical Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Stephan Stilgenbauer
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm 89070, Germany
| | - Joshua D Milner
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Peter Gierschik
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm 89070, Germany
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29
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Ramazzotti G, Billi AM, Manzoli L, Mazzetti C, Ruggeri A, Erneux C, Kim S, Suh PG, Cocco L, Faenza I. IPMK and β-catenin mediate PLC-β1-dependent signaling in myogenic differentiation. Oncotarget 2018; 7:84118-84127. [PMID: 27563828 PMCID: PMC5356648 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In previous studies, we have reported that phospholipase C (PLC)-β1 plays a crucial role in myogenic differentiation and we determined the importance of its catalytic activity for the initiation of this process. Here we define the effectors that take part to its signaling pathway. We show that the Inositol Polyphosphate Multikinase (IPMK) is able to promote myogenic differentiation since its overexpression determines the up-regulation of several myogenic markers. Moreover, we demonstrate that IPMK activates the same cyclin D3 promoter region targeted by PLC-β1 and that IPMK-induced promoter activation relies upon c-jun binding to the promoter, as we have shown previously for PLC-β1. Furthermore, our data shows that IPMK overexpression causes an increase in β-catenin translocation and accumulation to the nuclei of differentiating myoblasts resulting in higher MyoD activation. Finally, we describe that PLC-β1 overexpression determines too an increase in β-catenin translocation and that PLC-β1, IPMK and β-catenin are mediators of the same signaling pathway since their overexpression results in cyclin D3 and myosin heavy chain (MYH) induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Ramazzotti
- Cellular Signalling Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Billi
- Cellular Signalling Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Lucia Manzoli
- Cellular Signalling Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Cristina Mazzetti
- Cellular Signalling Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessandra Ruggeri
- Cellular Signalling Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Christophe Erneux
- Interdisciplinary Research Institute (IRIBHM), Université Libre de Bruxelles, Campus Erasme, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Seyun Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Pann-Ghill Suh
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Lucio Cocco
- Cellular Signalling Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Irene Faenza
- Cellular Signalling Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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30
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Fu C, Tyagi R, Chin AC, Rojas T, Li RJ, Guha P, Bernstein IA, Rao F, Xu R, Cha JY, Xu J, Snowman AM, Semenza GL, Snyder SH. Inositol Polyphosphate Multikinase Inhibits Angiogenesis via Inositol Pentakisphosphate-Induced HIF-1α Degradation. Circ Res 2017; 122:457-472. [PMID: 29279301 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.117.311983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Inositol polyphosphate multikinase (IPMK) and its major product inositol pentakisphosphate (IP5) regulate a variety of cellular functions, but their role in vascular biology remains unexplored. OBJECTIVE We have investigated the role of IPMK in regulating angiogenesis. METHODS AND RESULTS Deletion of IPMK in fibroblasts induces angiogenesis in both in vitro and in vivo models. IPMK deletion elicits a substantial increase of VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor), which mediates the regulation of angiogenesis by IPMK. The regulation of VEGF by IPMK requires its catalytic activity. IPMK is predominantly nuclear and regulates gene transcription. However, IPMK does not apparently serve as a transcription factor for VEGF. HIF (hypoxia-inducible factor)-1α is a major determinant of angiogenesis and induces VEGF transcription. IPMK deletion elicits a major enrichment of HIF-1α protein and thus VEGF. HIF-1α is constitutively ubiquitinated by pVHL (von Hippel-Lindau protein) followed by proteasomal degradation under normal conditions. However, HIF-1α is not recognized and ubiquitinated by pVHL in IPMK KO (knockout) cells. IP5 reinstates the interaction of HIF-1α and pVHL. HIF-1α prolyl hydroxylation, which is prerequisite for pVHL recognition, is interrupted in IPMK-deleted cells. IP5 promotes HIF-1α prolyl hydroxylation and thus pVHL-dependent degradation of HIF-1α. Deletion of IPMK in mouse brain increases HIF-1α/VEGF levels and vascularization. The increased VEGF in IPMK KO disrupts blood-brain barrier and enhances brain blood vessel permeability. CONCLUSIONS IPMK, via its product IP5, negatively regulates angiogenesis by inhibiting VEGF expression. IP5 acts by enhancing HIF-1α hydroxylation and thus pVHL-dependent degradation of HIF-1α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenglai Fu
- From the Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience (C.F., R.T., A.C.C., T.R., P.G., I.A.B., F.R., R.X., J.Y.C., J.X., A.M.S., S.H.S.), Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences (R.-J.L., S.H.S.), Institute for Cell Engineering (G.L.S.), McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine (G.L.S.), Department of Pediatrics (G.L.S.), Department of Medicine (G.L.S.), Department of Oncology (G.L.S.), Department of Radiation Oncology (G.L.S.), Department of Biological Chemistry (G.L.S.), and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (S.H.S.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Richa Tyagi
- From the Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience (C.F., R.T., A.C.C., T.R., P.G., I.A.B., F.R., R.X., J.Y.C., J.X., A.M.S., S.H.S.), Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences (R.-J.L., S.H.S.), Institute for Cell Engineering (G.L.S.), McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine (G.L.S.), Department of Pediatrics (G.L.S.), Department of Medicine (G.L.S.), Department of Oncology (G.L.S.), Department of Radiation Oncology (G.L.S.), Department of Biological Chemistry (G.L.S.), and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (S.H.S.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Alfred C Chin
- From the Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience (C.F., R.T., A.C.C., T.R., P.G., I.A.B., F.R., R.X., J.Y.C., J.X., A.M.S., S.H.S.), Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences (R.-J.L., S.H.S.), Institute for Cell Engineering (G.L.S.), McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine (G.L.S.), Department of Pediatrics (G.L.S.), Department of Medicine (G.L.S.), Department of Oncology (G.L.S.), Department of Radiation Oncology (G.L.S.), Department of Biological Chemistry (G.L.S.), and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (S.H.S.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Tomas Rojas
- From the Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience (C.F., R.T., A.C.C., T.R., P.G., I.A.B., F.R., R.X., J.Y.C., J.X., A.M.S., S.H.S.), Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences (R.-J.L., S.H.S.), Institute for Cell Engineering (G.L.S.), McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine (G.L.S.), Department of Pediatrics (G.L.S.), Department of Medicine (G.L.S.), Department of Oncology (G.L.S.), Department of Radiation Oncology (G.L.S.), Department of Biological Chemistry (G.L.S.), and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (S.H.S.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Ruo-Jing Li
- From the Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience (C.F., R.T., A.C.C., T.R., P.G., I.A.B., F.R., R.X., J.Y.C., J.X., A.M.S., S.H.S.), Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences (R.-J.L., S.H.S.), Institute for Cell Engineering (G.L.S.), McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine (G.L.S.), Department of Pediatrics (G.L.S.), Department of Medicine (G.L.S.), Department of Oncology (G.L.S.), Department of Radiation Oncology (G.L.S.), Department of Biological Chemistry (G.L.S.), and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (S.H.S.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Prasun Guha
- From the Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience (C.F., R.T., A.C.C., T.R., P.G., I.A.B., F.R., R.X., J.Y.C., J.X., A.M.S., S.H.S.), Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences (R.-J.L., S.H.S.), Institute for Cell Engineering (G.L.S.), McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine (G.L.S.), Department of Pediatrics (G.L.S.), Department of Medicine (G.L.S.), Department of Oncology (G.L.S.), Department of Radiation Oncology (G.L.S.), Department of Biological Chemistry (G.L.S.), and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (S.H.S.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Isaac A Bernstein
- From the Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience (C.F., R.T., A.C.C., T.R., P.G., I.A.B., F.R., R.X., J.Y.C., J.X., A.M.S., S.H.S.), Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences (R.-J.L., S.H.S.), Institute for Cell Engineering (G.L.S.), McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine (G.L.S.), Department of Pediatrics (G.L.S.), Department of Medicine (G.L.S.), Department of Oncology (G.L.S.), Department of Radiation Oncology (G.L.S.), Department of Biological Chemistry (G.L.S.), and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (S.H.S.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Feng Rao
- From the Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience (C.F., R.T., A.C.C., T.R., P.G., I.A.B., F.R., R.X., J.Y.C., J.X., A.M.S., S.H.S.), Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences (R.-J.L., S.H.S.), Institute for Cell Engineering (G.L.S.), McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine (G.L.S.), Department of Pediatrics (G.L.S.), Department of Medicine (G.L.S.), Department of Oncology (G.L.S.), Department of Radiation Oncology (G.L.S.), Department of Biological Chemistry (G.L.S.), and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (S.H.S.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Risheng Xu
- From the Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience (C.F., R.T., A.C.C., T.R., P.G., I.A.B., F.R., R.X., J.Y.C., J.X., A.M.S., S.H.S.), Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences (R.-J.L., S.H.S.), Institute for Cell Engineering (G.L.S.), McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine (G.L.S.), Department of Pediatrics (G.L.S.), Department of Medicine (G.L.S.), Department of Oncology (G.L.S.), Department of Radiation Oncology (G.L.S.), Department of Biological Chemistry (G.L.S.), and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (S.H.S.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Jiyoung Y Cha
- From the Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience (C.F., R.T., A.C.C., T.R., P.G., I.A.B., F.R., R.X., J.Y.C., J.X., A.M.S., S.H.S.), Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences (R.-J.L., S.H.S.), Institute for Cell Engineering (G.L.S.), McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine (G.L.S.), Department of Pediatrics (G.L.S.), Department of Medicine (G.L.S.), Department of Oncology (G.L.S.), Department of Radiation Oncology (G.L.S.), Department of Biological Chemistry (G.L.S.), and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (S.H.S.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Jing Xu
- From the Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience (C.F., R.T., A.C.C., T.R., P.G., I.A.B., F.R., R.X., J.Y.C., J.X., A.M.S., S.H.S.), Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences (R.-J.L., S.H.S.), Institute for Cell Engineering (G.L.S.), McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine (G.L.S.), Department of Pediatrics (G.L.S.), Department of Medicine (G.L.S.), Department of Oncology (G.L.S.), Department of Radiation Oncology (G.L.S.), Department of Biological Chemistry (G.L.S.), and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (S.H.S.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Adele M Snowman
- From the Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience (C.F., R.T., A.C.C., T.R., P.G., I.A.B., F.R., R.X., J.Y.C., J.X., A.M.S., S.H.S.), Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences (R.-J.L., S.H.S.), Institute for Cell Engineering (G.L.S.), McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine (G.L.S.), Department of Pediatrics (G.L.S.), Department of Medicine (G.L.S.), Department of Oncology (G.L.S.), Department of Radiation Oncology (G.L.S.), Department of Biological Chemistry (G.L.S.), and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (S.H.S.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Gregg L Semenza
- From the Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience (C.F., R.T., A.C.C., T.R., P.G., I.A.B., F.R., R.X., J.Y.C., J.X., A.M.S., S.H.S.), Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences (R.-J.L., S.H.S.), Institute for Cell Engineering (G.L.S.), McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine (G.L.S.), Department of Pediatrics (G.L.S.), Department of Medicine (G.L.S.), Department of Oncology (G.L.S.), Department of Radiation Oncology (G.L.S.), Department of Biological Chemistry (G.L.S.), and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (S.H.S.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Solomon H Snyder
- From the Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience (C.F., R.T., A.C.C., T.R., P.G., I.A.B., F.R., R.X., J.Y.C., J.X., A.M.S., S.H.S.), Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences (R.-J.L., S.H.S.), Institute for Cell Engineering (G.L.S.), McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine (G.L.S.), Department of Pediatrics (G.L.S.), Department of Medicine (G.L.S.), Department of Oncology (G.L.S.), Department of Radiation Oncology (G.L.S.), Department of Biological Chemistry (G.L.S.), and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (S.H.S.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
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Abstract
Calcium is a critical regulator of cell death pathways. One of the most proximal events leading to cell death is activation of plasma membrane and endoplasmic reticulum-resident calcium channels. A large body of evidence indicates that defects in this pathway contribute to cancer development. Although we have a thorough understanding of how downstream elevations in cytosolic and mitochondrial calcium contribute to cell death, it is much less clear how calcium channels are activated upstream of the apoptotic stimulus. Recently, it has been shown that protein lipidation is a potent regulator of apoptotic signaling. Although classically thought of as a static modification, rapid and reversible protein acylation has emerged as a new signaling paradigm relevant to many pathways, including calcium release and cell death. In this review, we will discuss the role of protein lipidation in regulating apoptotic calcium signaling with direct therapeutic relevance to cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica J Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School, UTHealth, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Darren Boehning
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School, UTHealth, Houston, TX, United States
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Abstract
The inositol polyphosphates are a group of multifunctional signaling metabolites whose synthesis is catalyzed by a family of inositol kinases that are evolutionarily conserved from yeast to humans. Inositol polyphosphate multikinase (IPMK) was first identified as a subunit of the arginine-responsive transcription complex in budding yeast. In addition to its role in the production of inositol tetrakis- and pentakisphosphates (IP4 and IP5), IPMK also exhibits phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-kinase) activity. Through its PI3-kinase activity, IPMK activates Akt/PKB and its downstream signaling pathways. IPMK also regulates several protein targets non-catalytically via protein-protein interactions. These non-catalytic targets include cytosolic signaling factors and transcription factors in the nucleus. In this review, we highlight the many known functions of mammalian IPMK in controlling cellular signaling networks and discuss future challenges related to clarifying the unknown roles IPMK plays in physiology and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunha Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141,
Korea
| | - Hyoungjoon Ahn
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141,
Korea
| | - Min Gyu Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141,
Korea
| | - Haein Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141,
Korea
| | - Seyun Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141,
Korea
- KAIST Institute for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141,
Korea
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Millard CJ, Watson PJ, Fairall L, Schwabe JWR. Targeting Class I Histone Deacetylases in a "Complex" Environment. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2017; 38:363-77. [PMID: 28139258 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2016.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Revised: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors are proven anticancer therapeutics and have potential in the treatment of many other diseases including HIV infection, Alzheimer's disease, and Friedreich's ataxia. A problem with the currently available HDAC inhibitors is that they have limited specificity and target multiple deacetylases. Designing isoform-selective inhibitors has proven challenging due to similarities in the structure and chemistry of HDAC active sites. However, the fact that HDACs 1, 2, and 3 are recruited to several large multi-subunit complexes, each with particular biological functions, raises the possibility of specifically inhibiting individual complexes. This may be assisted by recent structural and functional information about the assembly of these complexes. Here, we review the available structural information and discuss potential targeting strategies.
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Bizzarri M, Fuso A, Dinicola S, Cucina A, Bevilacqua A. Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of inositol(s) in health and disease. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2016; 12:1181-96. [PMID: 27351907 DOI: 10.1080/17425255.2016.1206887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Inositol and its derivatives comprise a huge field of biology. Myo-inositol is not only a prominent component of membrane-incorporated phosphatidylinositol, but participates in its free form, with its isomers or its phosphate derivatives, to a multitude of cellular processes, including ion channel permeability, metabolic homeostasis, mRNA export and translation, cytoskeleton remodeling, stress response. AREAS COVERED Bioavailability, safety, uptake and metabolism of inositol is discussed emphasizing the complexity of interconnected pathways leading to phosphoinositides, inositol phosphates and more complex molecules, like glycosyl-phosphatidylinositols. EXPERT OPINION Besides being a structural element, myo-inositol exerts unexpected functions, mostly unknown. However, several reports indicate that inositol plays a key role during phenotypic transitions and developmental phases. Furthermore, dysfunctions in the regulation of inositol metabolism have been implicated in several chronic diseases. Clinical trials using inositol in pharmacological doses provide amazing results in the management of gynecological diseases, respiratory stress syndrome, Alzheimer's disease, metabolic syndrome, and cancer, for which conventional treatments are disappointing. However, despite the widespread studies carried out to identify inositol-based effects, no comprehensive understanding of inositol-based mechanisms has been achieved. An integrated metabolomics-genomic study to identify the cellular fate of therapeutically administered myo-inositol and its genomic/enzymatic targets is urgently warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariano Bizzarri
- a Department of Experimental Medicine , Sapienza University of Rome , Rome , Italy.,b Systems Biology Group Lab , Sapienza University of Rome , Rome , Italy
| | - Andrea Fuso
- b Systems Biology Group Lab , Sapienza University of Rome , Rome , Italy.,c European Center for Brain Research (CERC)/IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation , Rome , Italy
| | - Simona Dinicola
- d Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine , Sapienza Universityof Rome , Rome , Italy.,e Department of Surgery 'Pietro Valdoni' , Sapienza University of Rome , Rome , Italy
| | - Alessandra Cucina
- e Department of Surgery 'Pietro Valdoni' , Sapienza University of Rome , Rome , Italy.,f Azienda Policlinico Umberto I , Rome , Italy
| | - Arturo Bevilacqua
- g Department of Psychology, Section of Neuroscience , Sapienza University of Rome , Rome , Italy
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Rodehutscord M, Rückert C, Maurer HP, Schenkel H, Schipprack W, Bach Knudsen KE, Schollenberger M, Laux M, Eklund M, Siegert W, Mosenthin R. Variation in chemical composition and physical characteristics of cereal grains from different genotypes. Arch Anim Nutr 2016; 70:87-107. [PMID: 26829392 DOI: 10.1080/1745039x.2015.1133111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Genotypes of cereal grains, including winter barley (n = 21), maize (n = 27), oats (n = 14), winter rye (n = 22), winter triticale (n = 21) and winter wheat (n = 29), were assayed for their chemical composition and physical characteristics as part of the collaborative research project referred to as GrainUp. Genotypes of one grain species were grown on the same site, except maize. In general, concentrations of proximate nutrients were not largely different from feed tables. The coefficient of variation (CV) for the ether extract concentration of maize was high because the data pool comprised speciality maize bred for its high oil content. A subset of 8 barley, 20 rye, 20 triticale and 20 wheat samples was analysed to differ significantly in several carbohydrate fractions. Gross energy concentration of cereal grains could be predicted from proximate nutrient concentration with good accuracy. The mean lysine concentration of protein was the highest in oats (4.2 g/16 g N) and the lowest in wheat (2.7 g/16 g N). Significant differences were also detected in the concentrations of macro elements as well as iron, manganese, zinc and copper. Concentrations of arsenic, cadmium and lead were below the limit of detection. The concentration of lower inositol phosphates was low, but some inositol pentaphosphates were detected in all grains. In barley, relatively high inositol tetraphosphate concentration also was found. Intrinsic phytase activity was the highest in rye, followed by triticale, wheat, barley and maize, and it was not detectable in oats. Substantial differences were seen in the thousand seed weight, test weight, falling number and extract viscoelasticity characteristics. The study is a comprehensive overview of the composition of different cereal grain genotypes when grown on the same location. The relevance of the variation in composition for digestibility in different animal species will be subject of other communications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Rodehutscord
- a Institut für Nutztierwissenschaften , Universität Hohenheim , Stuttgart , Germany
| | - Christine Rückert
- a Institut für Nutztierwissenschaften , Universität Hohenheim , Stuttgart , Germany
| | - Hans Peter Maurer
- b Landessaatzuchtanstalt , Universität Hohenheim , Stuttgart , Germany
| | - Hans Schenkel
- c Landesanstalt für landwirtschaftliche Chemie , Universität Hohenheim , Stuttgart , Germany
| | - Wolfgang Schipprack
- d Institut für Pflanzenzüchtung, Saatgutforschung und Populationsgenetik , Universität Hohenheim , Stuttgart , Germany
| | | | | | - Meike Laux
- a Institut für Nutztierwissenschaften , Universität Hohenheim , Stuttgart , Germany
| | - Meike Eklund
- a Institut für Nutztierwissenschaften , Universität Hohenheim , Stuttgart , Germany
| | - Wolfgang Siegert
- a Institut für Nutztierwissenschaften , Universität Hohenheim , Stuttgart , Germany
| | - Rainer Mosenthin
- a Institut für Nutztierwissenschaften , Universität Hohenheim , Stuttgart , Germany
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Ruelland E, Valentova O. Editorial: Lipid Signaling in Plant Development and Responses to Environmental Stresses. Front Plant Sci 2016; 7:324. [PMID: 27014335 PMCID: PMC4794493 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Eric Ruelland
- Université Paris-Est, Institut d'Ecologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement de ParisCréteil, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7618, Institut d'Ecologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement de ParisCréteil, France
- *Correspondence: Eric Ruelland
| | - Olga Valentova
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Chemistry and Technology, PraguePrague, Czech Republic
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Seeds AM, Tsui MM, Sunu C, Spana EP, York JD. Inositol phosphate kinase 2 is required for imaginal disc development in Drosophila. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:15660-5. [PMID: 26647185 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1514684112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Inositol phosphate kinase 2 (Ipk2), also known as IP multikinase IPMK, is an evolutionarily conserved protein that initiates production of inositol phosphate intracellular messengers (IPs), which are critical for regulating nuclear and cytoplasmic processes. Here we report that Ipk2 kinase activity is required for the development of the adult fruit fly epidermis. Ipk2 mutants show impaired development of their imaginal discs, the primordial tissues that form the adult epidermis. Although disk tissue seems to specify normally during early embryogenesis, loss of Ipk2 activity results in increased apoptosis and impairment of proliferation during larval and pupal development. The proliferation defect is in part attributed to a reduction in JAK/STAT signaling, possibly by controlling production or secretion of the pathway's activating ligand, Unpaired. Constitutive activation of the JAK/STAT pathway downstream of Unpaired partially rescues the disk growth defects in Ipk2 mutants. Thus, IP production is essential for proliferation of the imaginal discs, in part, by regulating JAK/STAT signaling. Our work demonstrates an essential role for Ipk2 in producing inositide messengers required for imaginal disk tissue maturation and subsequent formation of adult body structures and provides molecular insights to signaling pathways involved in tissue growth and stability during development.
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Sparvoli F, Cominelli E. Seed Biofortification and Phytic Acid Reduction: A Conflict of Interest for the Plant? Plants (Basel) 2015; 4:728-55. [PMID: 27135349 PMCID: PMC4844270 DOI: 10.3390/plants4040728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Most of the phosphorus in seeds is accumulated in the form of phytic acid (myo-inositol-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexakisphosphate, InsP6). This molecule is a strong chelator of cations important for nutrition, such as iron, zinc, magnesium, and calcium. For this reason, InsP6 is considered an antinutritional factor. In recent years, efforts to biofortify seeds through the generation of low phytic acid (lpa) mutants have been noteworthy. Moreover, genes involved in the biosynthesis and accumulation of this molecule have been isolated and characterized in different species. Beyond its role in phosphorus storage, phytic acid is a very important signaling molecule involved in different regulatory processes during plant development and responses to different stimuli. Consequently, many lpa mutants show different negative pleitotropic effects. The strength of these pleiotropic effects depends on the specific mutated gene, possible functional redundancy, the nature of the mutation, and the spatio-temporal expression of the gene. Breeding programs or transgenic approaches aimed at development of new lpa mutants must take into consideration these different aspects in order to maximize the utility of these mutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Sparvoli
- Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology, CNR, Via Bassini 15, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Eleonora Cominelli
- Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology, CNR, Via Bassini 15, 20133 Milan, Italy.
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Phillippy BQ, Perera IY, Donahue JL, Gillaspy GE. Certain Malvaceae Plants Have a Unique Accumulation of myo-Inositol 1,2,4,5,6-Pentakisphosphate. Plants (Basel) 2015; 4:267-83. [PMID: 27135328 DOI: 10.3390/plants4020267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2015] [Accepted: 05/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Methods used to quantify inositol phosphates in seeds lack the sensitivity and specificity necessary to accurately detect the lower concentrations of these compounds contained in the leaves of many plants. In order to measure inositol hexakisphosphate (InsP6) and inositol pentakisphosphate (InsP5) levels in leaves of different plants, a method was developed to concentrate and pre-purify these compounds prior to analysis. Inositol phosphates were extracted from leaves with diluted HCl and concentrated on small anion exchange columns. Reversed-phase solid phase extraction cartridges were used to remove compounds that give peaks that sometimes interfere during HPLC. The method permitted the determination of InsP6 and InsP5 concentrations in leaves as low as 10 µM and 2 µM, respectively. Most plants analyzed contained a high ratio of InsP6 to InsP5. In contrast, certain members of the Malvaceae family, such as cotton (Gossypium) and some hibiscus (Hibiscus) species, had a preponderance of InsP5. Radiolabeling of cotton seedlings also showed increased amounts of InsP5 relative to InsP6. Why some Malvaceae species exhibit a reversal of the typical ratios of these inositol phosphates is an intriguing question for future research.
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40
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Cestari I, Stuart K. Inositol phosphate pathway controls transcription of telomeric expression sites in trypanosomes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:E2803-12. [PMID: 25964327 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1501206112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
African trypanosomes evade clearance by host antibodies by periodically changing their variant surface glycoprotein (VSG) coat. They transcribe only one VSG gene at a time from 1 of about 20 telomeric expression sites (ESs). They undergo antigenic variation by switching transcription between telomeric ESs or by recombination of the VSG gene expressed. We show that the inositol phosphate (IP) pathway controls transcription of telomeric ESs and VSG antigenic switching in Trypanosoma brucei. Conditional knockdown of phosphatidylinositol 5-kinase (TbPIP5K) or phosphatidylinositol 5-phosphatase (TbPIP5Pase) or overexpression of phospholipase C (TbPLC) derepresses numerous silent ESs in T. brucei bloodstream forms. The derepression is specific to telomeric ESs, and it coincides with an increase in the number of colocalizing telomeric and RNA polymerase I foci in the nucleus. Monoallelic VSG transcription resumes after reexpression of TbPIP5K; however, most of the resultant cells switched the VSG gene expressed. TbPIP5K, TbPLC, their substrates, and products localize to the plasma membrane, whereas TbPIP5Pase localizes to the nucleus proximal to telomeres. TbPIP5Pase associates with repressor/activator protein 1 (TbRAP1), and their telomeric silencing function is altered by TbPIP5K knockdown. These results show that specific steps in the IP pathway control ES transcription and antigenic switching in T. brucei by epigenetic regulation of telomere silencing.
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Kilaparty SP, Singh A, Baltosser WH, Ali N. Computational analysis reveals a successive adaptation of multiple inositol polyphosphate phosphatase 1 in higher organisms through evolution. Evol Bioinform Online 2014; 10:239-50. [PMID: 25574123 PMCID: PMC4275298 DOI: 10.4137/ebo.s18948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Revised: 09/29/2014] [Accepted: 10/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple inositol polyphosphate phosphatase 1 (Minpp1) in higher organisms dephosphorylates InsP6, the most abundant inositol phosphate. It also dephosphorylates less phosphorylated InsP5 and InsP4 and more phosphorylated InsP7 or InsP8. Minpp1 is classified as a member of the histidine acid phosphatase super family of proteins with functional resemblance to phytases found in lower organisms. This study took a bioinformatics approach to explore the extent of evolutionary diversification in Minpp1 structure and function in order to understand its physiological relevance in higher organisms. The human Minpp1 amino acid (AA) sequence was BLAST searched against available national protein databases. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that Minpp1 was widely distributed from lower to higher organisms. Further, we have identified that there exist four isoforms of Minpp1. Multiple computational tools were used to identify key functional motifs and their conservation among various species. Analyses showed that certain motifs predominant in higher organisms were absent in lower organisms. Variation in AA sequences within motifs was also analyzed. We found that there is diversification of key motifs and thus their functions present in Minpp1 from lower organisms to higher organisms. Another interesting result of this analysis was the presence of a glucose-1-phosphate interaction site in Minpp1; the functional significance of which has yet to be determined experimentally. The overall findings of our study point to an evolutionary adaptability of Minpp1 functions from lower to higher life forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surya P Kilaparty
- Department of Biology, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Awantika Singh
- UAMS/UALR Joint Bioinformatics Program, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | | | - Nawab Ali
- Department of Biology, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
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42
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Rao F, Xu J, Khan AB, Gadalla MM, Cha JY, Xu R, Tyagi R, Dang Y, Chakraborty A, Snyder SH. Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase-1 mediates assembly/disassembly of the CRL4-signalosome complex to regulate DNA repair and cell death. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2014; 111:16005-10. [PMID: 25349427 PMCID: PMC4234592 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1417900111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Inositol polyphosphates containing an energetic pyrophosphate bond are formed primarily by a family of three inositol hexakisphosphate (IP6) kinases (IP6K1-3). The Cullin-RING ubiquitin ligases (CRLs) regulate diverse biological processes through substrate ubiquitylation. CRL4, comprising the scaffold Cullin 4A/B, the E2-interacting Roc1/2, and the adaptor protein damage-specific DNA-binding protein 1, is activated by DNA damage. Basal CRL4 activity is inhibited by binding to the COP9 signalosome (CSN). UV radiation and other stressors dissociate the complex, leading to E3 ligase activation, but signaling events that trigger signalosome dissociation from CRL4 have been unclear. In the present study, we show that, under basal conditions, IP6K1 forms a ternary complex with CSN and CRL4 in which IP6K1 and CRL4 are inactive. UV dissociates IP6K1 to generate IP7, which then dissociates CSN-CRL4 to activate CRL4. Thus, IP6K1 is a novel CRL4 subunit that transduces UV signals to mediate disassembly of the CRL4-CSN complex, thereby regulating nucleotide excision repair and cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Rao
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience
| | - Jing Xu
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience
| | - A Basit Khan
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience
| | - Moataz M Gadalla
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, and
| | | | - Risheng Xu
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, and
| | - Richa Tyagi
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience
| | - Yongjun Dang
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, and
| | | | - Solomon H Snyder
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, and Department of Psychiatry, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205
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Xu R, Paul BD, Smith DR, Tyagi R, Rao F, Khan AB, Blech DJ, Vandiver MS, Harraz MM, Guha P, Ahmed I, Sen N, Gallagher M, Snyder SH. Inositol polyphosphate multikinase is a transcriptional coactivator required for immediate early gene induction. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2013; 110:16181-6. [PMID: 24043835 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1315551110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Profound induction of immediate early genes (IEGs) by neural activation is a critical determinant for plasticity in the brain, but intervening molecular signals are not well characterized. We demonstrate that inositol polyphosphate multikinase (IPMK) acts noncatalytically as a transcriptional coactivator to mediate induction of numerous IEGs. IEG induction by electroconvulsive stimulation is virtually abolished in the brains of IPMK-deleted mice, which also display deficits in spatial memory. Neural activity stimulates binding of IPMK to the histone acetyltransferase CBP and enhances its recruitment to IEG promoters. Interestingly, IPMK regulation of CBP recruitment and IEG induction does not require its catalytic activities. Dominant-negative constructs, which prevent IPMK-CBP binding, substantially decrease IEG induction. As IPMK is ubiquitously expressed, its epigenetic regulation of IEGs may influence diverse nonneural and neural biologic processes.
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Qualley DF, Lackey CM, Paterson JP. Inositol phosphates compete with nucleic acids for binding to bovine leukemia virus matrix protein: implications for deltaretroviral assembly. Proteins 2013; 81:1377-85. [PMID: 23504872 DOI: 10.1002/prot.24281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2013] [Revised: 02/15/2013] [Accepted: 02/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The matrix (MA) domain of retroviral Gag proteins plays a crucial role in virion assembly. In human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), a lentivirus, the presence of phosphatidylinositol-(4,5)-bisphosphate triggers a conformational change allowing the MA domain to bind the plasma membrane (PM). In this study, the MA protein from bovine leukemia virus (BLV) was used to investigate the mechanism of viral Gag binding to the membrane during replication of a deltaretrovirus. Fluorescence spectroscopy was used to measure the binding affinity of MA for two RNA constructs derived from the BLV genome as well as for single-stranded DNA (ssDNA). The importance of electrostatic interactions and the ability of inositol hexakisphosphate (IP6) to compete with nucleic acids for binding to MA were also investigated. Our data show that IP6 effectively competes with RNA and DNA for BLV MA binding, while [NaCl] of greater than 100 mM is required to produce any observable effect on DNA-MA binding. These results suggest that BLV assembly may be highly dependent on the specific interaction of the MA domain with components of the PM, as observed previously with HIV-1. The mode of MA binding to nucleic acids and the implications for BLV assembly are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominic F Qualley
- Department of Chemistry, Berry College, Mt. Berry, Georgia 30149-5016, USA.
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45
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Tian Y, Schreiber R, Wanitchakool P, Kongsuphol P, Sousa M, Uliyakina I, Palma M, Faria D, Traynor-Kaplan AE, Fragata JI, Amaral MD, Kunzelmann K. Control of TMEM16A by INO-4995 and other inositolphosphates. Br J Pharmacol 2013; 168:253-65. [PMID: 22946960 PMCID: PMC3570019 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2012.02193.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2012] [Revised: 07/06/2012] [Accepted: 07/31/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Ca(2+)-dependent Cl(-) secretion (CaCC) in airways and other tissues is due to activation of the Cl(-) channel TMEM16A (anoctamin 1). Earlier studies suggested that Ca(2+) -activated Cl(-) channels are regulated by membrane lipid inositol phosphates, and that 1-O-octyl-2-O-butyryl-myo-inositol 3,4,5,6-tetrakisphosphate octakis(propionoxymethyl) ester (INO-4995) augments CaCC. Here we examined whether TMEM16A is the target for INO-4995 and if the channel is regulated by inositol phosphates. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH The effects of INO-4995 on CaCC were examined in overexpressing HEK293, colonic and primary airway epithelial cells as well as Xenopus oocytes. We used patch clamping, double electrode voltage clamp and Ussing chamber techniques. KEY RESULTS We found that INO-4995 directly activates a TMEM16A whole cell conductance of 6.1 ± 0.9 nS pF(-1) in overexpressing cells. The tetrakisphosphates Ins(3,4,5,6)P(4) or Ins(1,3,4,5)P(4) and enzymes controlling levels of InsP(4) or PIP(2) and PIP(3) had no effects on the magnitude or kinetics of TMEM16A currents. In contrast in Xenopus oocytes, human airways and colonic cells, which all express TMEM16A endogenously, Cl(-) currents were not acutely activated by INO-4995. However incubation with INO-4995 augmented 1.6- to 4-fold TMEM16A-dependent Cl(-) currents activated by ionomycin or ATP, while intracellular Ca(2+) signals were not affected. The potentiating effect of INO-4995 on transient ATP-activated TMEM16A-currents in cystic fibrosis (CF) airways was twice of that observed in non-CF airways. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS These data indicate that TMEM16A is the target for INO-4995, although the mode of action appears different for overexpressed and endogenous channels. INO-4995 may be useful for the treatment of CF lung disease.
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Key Words
- ino-4995
- ino4913
- anoctamin 1
- tmem16a
- inositol phosphates
- ins(3,4,5,6)p4
- inositol 3,4,5,6-tetrakisphosphate
- ins(1,3,4,5)p4
- inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate
- ca2+-activated cl− channels
- cacc
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuemin Tian
- Institut für Physiologie, Universität RegensburgRegensburg, Germany
| | - Rainer Schreiber
- Institut für Physiologie, Universität RegensburgRegensburg, Germany
| | | | | | - Marisa Sousa
- Faculty of Sciences, BioFIG – Centre for Biodiversity, Functional and Integrative Genomics, University of LisboaLisboa, Portugal
- Department of Genetics, National Institute of HealthLisboa, Portugal
| | - Inna Uliyakina
- Faculty of Sciences, BioFIG – Centre for Biodiversity, Functional and Integrative Genomics, University of LisboaLisboa, Portugal
- Department of Genetics, National Institute of HealthLisboa, Portugal
| | - Marta Palma
- Faculty of Sciences, BioFIG – Centre for Biodiversity, Functional and Integrative Genomics, University of LisboaLisboa, Portugal
| | - Diana Faria
- Institut für Physiologie, Universität RegensburgRegensburg, Germany
| | - Alexis E Traynor-Kaplan
- ISM TherapeuticsSeattle, WA, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of WashingtonSeattle, WA, USA
| | - José I Fragata
- Department Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Hospital de Santa MartaLisboa, Portugal
| | - Margarida D Amaral
- Faculty of Sciences, BioFIG – Centre for Biodiversity, Functional and Integrative Genomics, University of LisboaLisboa, Portugal
- Department of Genetics, National Institute of HealthLisboa, Portugal
| | - Karl Kunzelmann
- Institut für Physiologie, Universität RegensburgRegensburg, Germany
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Abstract
Inositol phosphates are key signaling molecules affecting a large variety of cellular processes. Inositol-polyphosphate multikinase (IPMK) is a central component of the inositol phosphate biosynthetic routes, playing essential roles during development. IPMK phosphorylates inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate to inositol tetrakisphosphate and subsequently to inositol pentakisphosphate and has also been described to function as a lipid kinase. Recently, a catalytically inactive mammalian IPMK was reported to be involved in nutrient signaling by way of mammalian target of rapamycin and AMP-activated protein kinase. In yeast, the IPMK homologue, Arg82, is the sole inositol-trisphosphate kinase. Arg82 has been extensively studied as part of the transcriptional complex regulating nitrogen sensing, in particular arginine metabolism. Whether this role requires Arg82 catalytic activity has long been a matter of contention. In this study, we developed a novel method for the real time study of promoter strength in vivo and used it to demonstrate that catalytically inactive Arg82 fully restored the arginine-dependent transcriptional response. We also showed that expression in yeast of catalytically active, but structurally very different, mammalian or plant IPMK homologue failed to restore arginine regulation. Our work indicates that inositol phosphates do not regulate arginine-dependent gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Bosch
- From the Cell Biology Unit, Medical Research Council Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, and Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Adolfo Saiardi
- From the Cell Biology Unit, Medical Research Council Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, and Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
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47
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Nalaskowski MM, Fliegert R, Ernst O, Brehm MA, Fanick W, Windhorst S, Lin H, Giehler S, Hein J, Lin YN, Mayr GW. Human inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate 3-kinase isoform B (IP3KB) is a nucleocytoplasmic shuttling protein specifically enriched at cortical actin filaments and at invaginations of the nuclear envelope. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:4500-10. [PMID: 21148483 PMCID: PMC3039344 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.173062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2010] [Revised: 12/02/2010] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate 3-kinase isoform B (IP3KB) possesses important roles in the development of immune cells. IP3KB can be targeted to multiple cellular compartments, among them nuclear localization and binding in close proximity to the plasma membrane. The B isoform is the only IP3K that is almost ubiquitously expressed in mammalian cells. Detailed mechanisms of its targeting regulation will be important in understanding the role of Ins(1,4,5)P(3) phosphorylation on subcellular calcium signaling and compartment-specific initiation of pathways leading to regulatory active higher phosphorylated inositol phosphates. Here, we identified an exportin 1-dependent nuclear export signal ((134)LQRELQNVQV) and characterized the amino acids responsible for nuclear localization of IP3KB ((129)RKLR). These two targeting domains regulate the amount of nuclear IP3KB in cells. We also demonstrated that the localization of IP3KB at the plasma membrane is due to its binding to cortical actin structures. Intriguingly, all three of these targeting activities reside in one small polypeptide segment (amino acids 104-165), which acts as a multitargeting domain (MTD). Finally, a hitherto unknown subnuclear localization of IP3KB could be demonstrated in rapidly growing H1299 cells. IP3KB is specifically enriched at nuclear invaginations extending perpendicular between the apical and basal surface of the nucleus of these flat cells. Such nuclear invaginations are known to be involved in Ins(1,4,5)P(3)-mediated Ca(2+) signaling of the nucleus. Our findings indicate that IP3KB not only regulates cytoplasmic Ca(2+) signals by phosphorylation of subplasmalemmal and cytoplasmic Ins(1,4,5)P(3) but may also be involved in modulating nuclear Ca(2+) signals generated from these nuclear envelope invaginations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus M Nalaskowski
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I-Cellular Signal Transduction, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
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48
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Zaika O, Zhang J, Shapiro MS. Combined phosphoinositide and Ca2+ signals mediating receptor specificity toward neuronal Ca2+ channels. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:830-41. [PMID: 21051544 PMCID: PMC3013042 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.166033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2010] [Revised: 10/08/2010] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP(2)) regulates Ca(2+) (I(Ca)) and M-type K(+) currents in superior cervical ganglion sympathetic neurons. In those cells, M(1) muscarinic and AT(1) angiotensin types do not elicit Ca(2+)(i) signals and suppress both currents via depletion of PIP(2), whereas the B(2) bradykinin and P2Y purinergic types elicit robust IP(3)-mediated [Ca(2+)](i) rises and neither deplete PIP(2) nor inhibit I(Ca). We have suggested that this specificity arises from differential Ca(2+)(i) signals underlying receptor-specific stimulation of PIP(2) synthesis by phosphatidylinositol (PI) 4-kinase. Here, we investigate which PI 4-kinase isoform underlies this signal, whether stimulation of PI 4-phosphate 5-kinase is also required, and the origin of receptor-specific Ca(2+)(i) signals. Recordings of I(Ca) were used as a PIP(2) "biosensor." In control, stimulation of M(1), but not B(2) or P2Y, receptors robustly suppressed I(Ca). However, when PI 4-kinase IIIβ, diacylglycerol kinase, Rho, or Rho-kinase was blocked, agonists of all three receptors robustly suppressed I(Ca). Overexpression of exogenous M(1) receptors yielded large [Ca(2+)](i) rises by muscarinic agonist, and transfection of wild-type IRBIT decreased Ca(2+)(i) signals, whereas dominant negative IRBIT-S68A had little effect on B(2) or P2Y responses but greatly increased muscarinic responses. We conclude that overlaid on microdomain organization is IRBIT, setting a "threshold" for [IP(3)], assisting in fidelity of receptor specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleg Zaika
- From the Department of Physiology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas 78229
| | - Jie Zhang
- From the Department of Physiology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas 78229
| | - Mark S. Shapiro
- From the Department of Physiology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas 78229
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49
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Yamazaki H, Chan J, Ikura M, Michikawa T, Mikoshiba K. Tyr-167/Trp-168 in type 1/3 inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor mediates functional coupling between ligand binding and channel opening. J Biol Chem 2010; 285:36081-91. [PMID: 20813840 PMCID: PMC2975230 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.140129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2010] [Revised: 08/01/2010] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The N-terminal ∼220-amino acid region of the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP(3)) receptor (IP(3)R)/Ca(2+) release channel has been referred to as the suppressor/coupling domain because it is required for both IP(3) binding suppression and IP(3)-induced channel gating. Measurements of IP(3)-induced Ca(2+) fluxes of mutagenized mouse type 1 IP(3)R (IP(3)R1) showed that the residues responsible for IP(3) binding suppression in this domain were not essential for channel opening. On the other hand, a single amino acid substitution of Tyr-167 to alanine completely impaired IP(3)-induced Ca(2+) release without reducing the IP(3) binding activity. The corresponding residue in type 3 IP(3)R (IP(3)R3), Trp-168, was also critical for channel opening. Limited trypsin digestion experiments showed that the trypsin sensitivities of the C-terminal gatekeeper domain differed markedly between the wild-type channel and the Tyr-167 mutant under the optimal conditions for channel opening. These results strongly suggest that the Tyr/Trp residue (Tyr-167 in IP(3)R1 and Trp-168 in IP(3)R3) is critical for the functional coupling between IP(3) binding and channel gating by maintaining the structural integrity of the C-terminal gatekeeper domain at least under activation gating.
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MESH Headings
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Amino Acid Substitution
- Animals
- Binding Sites/genetics
- Blotting, Western
- Calcium/metabolism
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate/chemistry
- Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate/metabolism
- Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate/pharmacology
- Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate Receptors/chemistry
- Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate Receptors/genetics
- Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate Receptors/metabolism
- Ion Channel Gating/drug effects
- Ion Channel Gating/genetics
- Ion Channel Gating/physiology
- Ligands
- Mice
- Models, Molecular
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Mutagenesis, Site-Directed
- Mutation
- Protein Binding
- Protein Isoforms/chemistry
- Protein Isoforms/genetics
- Protein Isoforms/metabolism
- Protein Structure, Tertiary
- Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
- Trypsin/metabolism
- Tryptophan/chemistry
- Tryptophan/genetics
- Tryptophan/metabolism
- Tyrosine/chemistry
- Tyrosine/genetics
- Tyrosine/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruka Yamazaki
- From the Laboratory for Developmental Neurobiology, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- the Calcium Oscillation Project, Solution Oriented Research for Science and Technology, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Saitama 332-0012, Japan, and
| | - Jenny Chan
- the Division of Signaling Biology, Ontario Cancer Institute and Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Ontario M5G IL7, Canada
| | - Mitsuhiko Ikura
- the Division of Signaling Biology, Ontario Cancer Institute and Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Ontario M5G IL7, Canada
| | - Takayuki Michikawa
- From the Laboratory for Developmental Neurobiology, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- the Calcium Oscillation Project, Solution Oriented Research for Science and Technology, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Saitama 332-0012, Japan, and
| | - Katsuhiko Mikoshiba
- From the Laboratory for Developmental Neurobiology, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- the Calcium Oscillation Project, Solution Oriented Research for Science and Technology, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Saitama 332-0012, Japan, and
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50
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Mitsuhashi N, Kondo M, Nakaune S, Ohnishi M, Hayashi M, Hara-Nishimura I, Richardson A, Fukaki H, Nishimura M, Mimura T. Localization of myo-inositol-1-phosphate synthase to the endosperm in developing seeds of Arabidopsis. J Exp Bot 2008; 59:3069-76. [PMID: 18603618 PMCID: PMC2504351 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ern161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2008] [Revised: 05/07/2008] [Accepted: 05/12/2008] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Expression and localization of myo-inositol-1-phosphate synthase (MIPS) in developing seeds of Arabidopsis thaliana was investigated. MIPS is an essential enzyme for production of inositol and inositol phosphates via its circularization of glucose-6-phosphate as the initial step. myo-inositol-6-phosphate (InsP(6) or phytic acid) is the predominant form of phosphorus found in seeds and accumulates as a consequence of MIPS action. Three MIPS genes have been identified in Arabidopsis, all of which were expressed not only in siliques but in both leaves and roots. Immunoelectron microscopy using a MIPS antibody showed that MIPS localizes to the cytosol primarily in the endosperm during seed development and not in the embryo. This is consistent with results obtained using fluorescent microscopy and western blot analysis that showed a similar pattern of localization. However, InsP(6), which is the final product of inositol phosphate metabolism, was present mainly in the embryo. This suggests that a complex interaction between the endosperm and embryo occurs during the synthesis and subsequent accumulation of InsP(6) in developing seeds of Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoto Mitsuhashi
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Rokkodai 1-1, Nada-ku, Kobe, 657-8501 Japan
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