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Goshina A, Matyushenko V, Mezhenskaya D, Rak A, Katelnikova A, Gusev D, Rudenko L, Isakova-Sivak I. RDE Treatment Prevents Non-Specific Detection of SARS-CoV-2- and Influenza-Specific IgG Antibodies in Heat-Inactivated Serum Samples. Antibodies (Basel) 2023; 12:39. [PMID: 37366655 DOI: 10.3390/antib12020039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Assessing the levels of serum IgG antibodies is widely used to measure immunity to influenza and the new severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) after natural infection or vaccination with specific vaccines, as well as to study immune responses to these viruses in animal models. For safety reasons, sometimes serum specimens collected from infected individuals are subjected to heat inactivation at 56 °C to reduce the risk of infecting personnel during serological studies. However, this procedure may affect the level of virus-specific antibodies, making the results of antibody immunoassays uninterpretable. Here, we evaluated the effect of the heat inactivation of human, ferret and hamster serum samples on the binding of IgG antibodies to the influenza and SARS-CoV-2 antigens. For this, serum samples of naive and immune hosts were analyzed in three variants: (i) untreated sera, (ii) heated at 56 °C for 1 h, and (iii) treated with receptor-destroying enzyme (RDE). The samples were studied through an in-house enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using whole influenza virus or recombinant proteins corresponding to nucleocapsid (N) protein and the receptor-binding domain of SARS-CoV-2 Spike (RBD) as antigens. We demonstrated that the heat inactivation of the naive serum samples of various hosts can lead to false-positive results, while RDE treatment abolished the effect of the non-specific binding of IgG antibodies to the viral antigens. Furthermore, RDE also significantly decreased the level of virus-specific IgG antibodies in SARS-CoV-2 and influenza-immune sera of humans and animals, although it is unknown whether it actually removes true virus-specific IgG antibodies or only non-specifically binding artifacts. Nevertheless, we suggest that the RDE treatment of human and animal sera may be useful in preventing false-positive results in various immunoassays, while also neutralizing infectious virus, since the standard protocol for the use of RDE also includes heating the sample at 56 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arina Goshina
- Department of Virology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, 197376 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Victoria Matyushenko
- Department of Virology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, 197376 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Daria Mezhenskaya
- Department of Virology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, 197376 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Alexandra Rak
- Department of Virology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, 197376 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Anastasia Katelnikova
- Department of Toxicology and Microbiology, Institute of Preclinical Research Ltd., 188663 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Denis Gusev
- Botkin Infectious Diseases Hospital, Piskarovskiy Ave 49, 195067 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Larisa Rudenko
- Department of Virology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, 197376 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Irina Isakova-Sivak
- Department of Virology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, 197376 Saint Petersburg, Russia
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Shen X, Zhang A, Gu J, Zhao R, Pan X, Dai Y, Yin L, Zhang Q, Hu X, Wang H, Zhang D. Evaluating Salmonella pullorum dissemination and shedding patterns and antibody production in infected chickens. BMC Vet Res 2022; 18:240. [PMID: 35751066 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-022-03335-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pullorum disease caused by Salmonella pullorum is one of the most important infectious diseases in the poultry industry, responsible for causing substantial economic losses globally. On farms, the traditional method to detect S. pullorum infection mainly involves the collection of feces and sera to test for antigens and antibodies, respectively, but the regularity of Salmonella pullorum dissemination in internal organs and shedding patterns and antibody production in infected chickens remains unclear. Herein we aimed to investigate the dissemination of S. pullorum to different organs and bacterial shedding patterns in the faeces as well as serum antibody production post-infection in chickens of different ages. RESULT In this study, the liver and heart of 2-day-old chickens showed the highest copy numbers of S. pullorum at 6.4 × 106 and 1.9 × 106 copies of DNA target sequences/30 mg, respectively. In case of 10-day-old chickens, the percentage of S. pullorum fecal shedding (0%-40%) and antibody production (0%-56.6%) markedly fluctuated during the entire experiment; furthermore, in case of 42-week-old chickens, the percentage of birds showing S. pullorum shedding in the faeces showed a downward trend (from 63.33% to 6.6% in the oral inoculation group and from 43.3% to 10% in the intraperitoneal injection group), while that of birds showing serum antibody production remained at a high level (38.3% and 80% in the oral inoculation and intraperitoneal injection groups, respectively). We also performed cohabitation experiments, showed that 15% 10-day-old and 3.33% 42-week-old chickens were infected via the horizontal transmission in cohabitation with S. pullorum infected chickens, and revealed a high risk of horizontal transmission of S. pullorum. CONCLUSION This study systematically evaluated the dissemination of S. pullorum in internal organs and bacterial fecal shedding patterns, and antibody production in infected chickens. Collectively, our findings indicate how to effectively screen S. pullorum-negative chickens on livestock farms and should also help in the development of measures to control and eradicate S. pullorum.
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Zhai B, Clarke K, Bauer DL, Moehling Geffel KK, Kupul S, Schratz LJ, Nowalk MP, McElroy AK, McLachlan JB, Zimmerman RK, Alcorn JF. SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Response Is Associated with Age and Body Mass Index in Convalescent Outpatients. J Immunol 2022; 208:1711-1718. [PMID: 35321882 PMCID: PMC8976825 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2101156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
COVID-19 has had an unprecedented global impact on human health. Understanding the Ab memory responses to infection is one tool needed to effectively control the pandemic. Among 173 outpatients who had virologically confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, we evaluated serum Ab concentrations, microneutralization activity, and enumerated SARS-CoV-2-specific B cells in convalescent human blood specimens. Serum Ab concentrations were variable, allowing for stratification of the cohort into high and low responders. Neither participant sex, the timing of blood sampling following the onset of illness, nor the number of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein-specific B cells correlated with serum Ab concentration. Serum Ab concentration was positively associated with microneutralization activity and participant age, with participants under the age of 30 showing the lowest Ab level. These data suggest that young adult outpatients did not generate as robust Ab memory, compared with older adults. Body mass index was also positively correlated with serum Ab levels. Multivariate analyses showed that participant age and body mass index were independently associated with Ab levels. These findings have direct implications for public health policy and current vaccine efforts. Knowledge gained regarding Ab memory following infection will inform the need for vaccination in those previously infected and allow for a better approximation of population-wide protective immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhai
- Department of Pediatrics, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Karen Clarke
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - David L Bauer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA; and
| | | | - Saran Kupul
- Department of Pediatrics, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Lucas J Schratz
- Department of Pediatrics, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - M Patricia Nowalk
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Anita K McElroy
- Department of Pediatrics, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
- Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - James B McLachlan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA; and
| | - Richard K Zimmerman
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
- Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - John F Alcorn
- Department of Pediatrics, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA;
- Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
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Zhu Z, Qu G, Wang C, Wang L, Du J, Li Q, Shen Z, Chen X. Development of Immunochromatographic Assay for the Rapid Detection of Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae Antibodies. Front Microbiol 2022; 12:743980. [PMID: 35087481 PMCID: PMC8786736 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.743980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae (Mccp) is the cause of contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP), which is a highly significant respiratory disease in goats leading to significant economic losses in Africa and Asia. Currently available procedures for the diagnosis of CCPP have some limitations in sensitivity, specificity, operation time, requirement of sophisticated equipment or skilled personnel, and cost. In this study, we developed a rapid, sensitive, and specific colloidal gold-based immunochromatographic assay (GICA) strip for the efficient on-site detection of antibodies against Mccp in the serum within 10 min. For the preparation of this colloidal GICA strip, recombinant P20 protein, the membrane protein of Mccp, was expressed by Escherichia coli prokaryotic expression system after purification was used as the binding antigen in the test. The rabbit anti-goat immunoglobulin G labeled with the colloidal gold was used as the detection probe, whereas the goat anti-rabbit immunoglobulin G was coated on the nitrocellulose membrane as the control line. The concentration of the coating antibody was optimized, and the effectiveness of this colloidal GICA strip was evaluated. Our results proved that the detection limit of the test strip was up to 1:64 dilutions for the Mccp antibody-positive serum samples with no cross-reactivity with other pathogens commonly infecting small ruminants,including goat pox virus, peste des petits ruminants virus, foot-and-mouth disease virus type A, or other mycoplasmas. Moreover, the colloidal GICA strip was more sensitive and specific than the indirect hemagglutination assay for the detection of Mccp antibodies. The 106 clinical serum samples were detected by the colloidal GICA strip compared with the complement fixation test, demonstrating an 87.74% concordance with the complement fixation test. This novel colloidal GICA strip would be an effective tool for the cost-effective and rapid diagnosis of CCPP in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zhu
- China Institute of Veterinary Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Guanggang Qu
- Shandong Binzhou Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Academy, Binzhou, China
| | - Changjiang Wang
- Shandong Binzhou Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Academy, Binzhou, China
| | - Lei Wang
- China Institute of Veterinary Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Jige Du
- China Institute of Veterinary Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Qianlin Li
- China Institute of Veterinary Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiqiang Shen
- Shandong Binzhou Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Academy, Binzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyun Chen
- China Institute of Veterinary Drug Control, Beijing, China
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Shrwani K, Sharma R, Krishnan M, Jones T, Mayora-Neto M, Cantoni D, Temperton NJ, Dobson SL, Subramaniam K, McNamara PS, Cunliffe NA, Turtle L, Zhang Q. Detection of Serum Cross-Reactive Antibodies and Memory Response to SARS-CoV-2 in Prepandemic and Post-COVID-19 Convalescent Samples. J Infect Dis 2021; 224:1305-1315. [PMID: 34161567 PMCID: PMC8557674 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiab333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A notable feature of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is that children are less susceptible to severe disease. Children are known to experience more infections with endemic human coronaviruses (HCoVs) compared to adults. Little is known whether HCoV infections lead to cross-reactive anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibodies. METHODS We investigated the presence of cross-reactive anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies to spike 1 (S1), S1-receptor-binding domain (S1-RBD), and nucleocapsid protein (NP) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, and neutralizing activity by a SARS-CoV-2 pseudotyped virus neutralization assay, in prepandemic sera collected from children (n = 50) and adults (n = 45), and compared with serum samples from convalescent COVID-19 patients (n = 16). RESULTS A significant proportion of children (up to 40%) had detectable cross-reactive antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 S1, S1-RBD, and NP antigens, and the anti-S1 and anti-S1-RBD antibody levels correlated with anti-HCoV-HKU1 and anti-HCoV-OC43 S1 antibody titers in prepandemic samples (P < .001). There were marked increases of anti-HCoV-HKU1 and - OC43 S1 (but not anti-NL63 and -229E S1-RBD) antibody titers in serum samples from convalescent COVID-19 patients (P < .001), indicating an activation of cross-reactive immunological memory to β-coronavirus spike. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated cross-reactive anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in prepandemic serum samples from children and young adults. Promoting this cross-reactive immunity and memory response derived from common HCoV may be an effective strategy against SARS-COV-2 and future novel coronaviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Shrwani
- Department of Clinical Infection, Microbiology, and Immunology, Institute of Infection, Veterinary, and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Ravi Sharma
- Ear Nose and Throat Department, Alder Hey Children’s Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Madhan Krishnan
- Ear Nose and Throat Department, Alder Hey Children’s Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Terry Jones
- Liverpool Head and Neck Centre, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Martin Mayora-Neto
- Viral Pseudotype Unit, Medway School of Pharmacy, University of Kent, Chatham, United Kingdom
| | - Diego Cantoni
- Viral Pseudotype Unit, Medway School of Pharmacy, University of Kent, Chatham, United Kingdom
| | - Nigel J Temperton
- Viral Pseudotype Unit, Medway School of Pharmacy, University of Kent, Chatham, United Kingdom
| | - Susan L Dobson
- Department of Clinical Infection, Microbiology, and Immunology, Institute of Infection, Veterinary, and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Krishanthi Subramaniam
- Department of Clinical Infection, Microbiology, and Immunology, Institute of Infection, Veterinary, and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Paul S McNamara
- Institute of Child Health, Alder Hey Children’s Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Nigel A Cunliffe
- Department of Clinical Infection, Microbiology, and Immunology, Institute of Infection, Veterinary, and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Lance Turtle
- Department of Clinical Infection, Microbiology, and Immunology, Institute of Infection, Veterinary, and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Qibo Zhang
- Department of Clinical Infection, Microbiology, and Immunology, Institute of Infection, Veterinary, and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom,Correspondence: Qibo Zhang, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Infection, Microbiology, and Immunology, Institute of Infection, Veterinary, and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Ronald Ross Building, 8 West Derby Street, Liverpool L69 7BE, UK ()
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Huang CG, Dutta A, Huang CT, Chang PY, Hsiao MJ, Hsieh YC, Lin SM, Shih SR, Tsao KC, Yang CT. Relative COVID-19 Viral Persistence and Antibody Kinetics. Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10060752. [PMID: 34199240 PMCID: PMC8231980 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10060752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A total of 15 RT-PCR confirmed COVID-19 patients were admitted to our hospital during the in-itial outbreak in Taiwan. The average time of virus clearance was delayed in seven patients, 24.14 ± 4.33 days compared to 10.25 ± 0.56 days post-symptom onset (PSO) in the other eight pa-tients. There was strong antibody response in patients with viral persistence at the pharynx, with peak values of serum antibody 677.2 ± 217.8 vs. 76.70 ± 32.11 in patients with delayed versus rapid virus clearance. The patients with delayed viral clearance had excessive antibodies of compromised quality in an early stage with the delay in peak virus neutralization efficacy, 34.14 ± 7.15 versus 12.50 ± 2.35 days PSO in patients with rapid virus clearance. Weak antibody re-sponse of patients with rapid viral clearance was also effective, with substantial and comparable neutralization efficacy, 35.70 ± 8.78 versus 41.37 ± 11.49 of patients with delayed virus clearance. Human Cytokine 48-Plex Screening of the serial sera samples revealed elevated concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines in a deceased patient with delayed virus clear-ance and severe disease. The levels were comparatively less in the other two patients who suf-fered from severe disease but eventually survived.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Guei Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33333, Taiwan; (C.-G.H.); (P.-Y.C.); (M.-J.H.); (S.-R.S.); (K.-C.T.)
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Research Center for Emerging Viral Infections, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan;
| | - Avijit Dutta
- Research Center for Emerging Viral Infections, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan;
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33333, Taiwan;
| | - Ching-Tai Huang
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33333, Taiwan;
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Pi-Yueh Chang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33333, Taiwan; (C.-G.H.); (P.-Y.C.); (M.-J.H.); (S.-R.S.); (K.-C.T.)
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Jen Hsiao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33333, Taiwan; (C.-G.H.); (P.-Y.C.); (M.-J.H.); (S.-R.S.); (K.-C.T.)
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chia Hsieh
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33333, Taiwan;
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Min Lin
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33333, Taiwan;
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Shin-Ru Shih
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33333, Taiwan; (C.-G.H.); (P.-Y.C.); (M.-J.H.); (S.-R.S.); (K.-C.T.)
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Research Center for Emerging Viral Infections, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan;
| | - Kuo-Chien Tsao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33333, Taiwan; (C.-G.H.); (P.-Y.C.); (M.-J.H.); (S.-R.S.); (K.-C.T.)
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Ta Yang
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33333, Taiwan;
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-3-3281200
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Maekura R, Kitada S, Osada-Oka M, Tateishi Y, Ozeki Y, Fujicawa T, Miki M, Jyunnko O, Mori M, Matsumoto S. Serum antibody profiles in individuals with latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Microbiol Immunol 2019; 63:130-138. [PMID: 30851131 PMCID: PMC6767593 DOI: 10.1111/1348-0421.12674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
One-third of the world's humans has latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI), representing a large pool of potentially active TB. Recent LTBI carries a higher risk of disease progression than remote LTBI. Recent studies suggest important roles of antibodies in TB pathology, prompting us to investigate serum antibody profiles in a cohort with LTBI. In this single-center prospective observational study, we analyzed IgG-antibody concentrations against five major Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) antigens (including 6 kDa early secretory antigenic target (ESAT6), CFP10, and antigen 85A, which are expressed mainly in the growth phase; and mycobacterial DNA-binding protein 1 (MDP1) and alpha-crystallin like protein (Acr), which are expressed in the dormant phases) in individuals with recent (n=13) or remote (n=12) LTBI, no Mtb infection (n=19), or active TB (n=15). Antibody titers against ESAT6 and MDP1 were significantly higher in individuals with recent LTBI than in those with no Mtb infection or remote LTBI. All pairwise antibody titers against these five major antigens were significantly correlated throughout the stages of Mtb infection. Five individuals with recent LTBI had significantly higher antibody titers against ESAT6 (P = 0.03), Ag85A (P = 0.048), Acr (P = 0.057), and MDP1 (P = 0.0001) than in individuals with remote LTBI; they were also outside the normal range (+2 SDs). One of these individuals was diagnosed with active pulmonary TB at 18-month follow-up examination. These findings indicated that concentrations of antibodies against both multiplying and dormant Mtb are higher in recent LTBI and that individuals with markedly higher antibody titers may be appropriate candidates for prophylactic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryoji Maekura
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Hospital Organization Toneyama National Hospital, Toyonaka, Osaka, Japan.,Graduate School of Health Care Sciences, Jikei Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Seigo Kitada
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Hospital Organization Toneyama National Hospital, Toyonaka, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mayuko Osada-Oka
- Food Hygiene and Environmental Health, Division of Applied Life Science, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Tateishi
- Department of Bacteriology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medicine, Niigata, Japan
| | - Yuriko Ozeki
- Department of Bacteriology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medicine, Niigata, Japan
| | - Takeya Fujicawa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Hospital Organization Toneyama National Hospital, Toyonaka, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mari Miki
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Hospital Organization Toneyama National Hospital, Toyonaka, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ogawa Jyunnko
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Hospital Organization Toneyama National Hospital, Toyonaka, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masahide Mori
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Hospital Organization Toneyama National Hospital, Toyonaka, Osaka, Japan
| | - Sohkichi Matsumoto
- Department of Bacteriology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medicine, Niigata, Japan
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8
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Okuda M, Lin Y, Mabe K, Kato M, Osaki T, Miyamoto R, Okumura A, Kamiya S, Kikuchi S. Serum Pepsinogen Values in Japanese Junior High School Students With Reference to Helicobacter Pylori Infection. J Epidemiol 2019; 30:30-36. [PMID: 30643100 PMCID: PMC6908843 DOI: 10.2188/jea.je20180119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Distributions of serum pepsinogen (PG) values were assessed in Helicobacter pylori-infected and non-infected junior high school students (aged 12–15 years) in Japan. Methods All junior high school students (1,225 in total) in Sasayama city, who were basically healthy, were asked to provide urine and serum samples, which were used to measure urine and serum H. pylori antibodies using ELISA kits and PG values. The subjects, whose urine and serum antibodies were both positive, were considered H. pylori infected. Results Of the 187 subjects who provided urine and blood samples, 8 were infected, 4 had discrepant results, 4 had negative serum antibody titers no less than 3.0 U/ml, and 171 were non-infected. In the H. pylori non-infected subjects, the median PG I and PG II values and PG I to PG II ratio (PG I/II) were 40.8 ng/mL, 9.5 ng/mL, and 4.4, respectively, whereas in the infected subjects, these values were 55.4 ng/mL, 17.0 ng/mL, and 3.3, respectively (each P < 0.01). In the non-infected subjects, PG I and PG II were significantly higher in males than in females (P < 0.01). Conclusions The PG I and PG II values were higher, and the PG I/II was lower in H. pylori infected students than in non-infected students. In H. pylori non-infected students, males showed higher PG I and PG II values than females. The distributions of PG values in junior high school students differed from those in adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masumi Okuda
- Department of Pediatrics, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine.,Department of General Medicine and Community Health Science, Hyogo College of Medicine
| | - Yingsong Lin
- Department of Public Health, Aichi Medical University, School of Medicine
| | - Katsuhiro Mabe
- Department of Cancer Preventive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University
| | | | - Takako Osaki
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Kyorin University School of Medicine
| | - Ryosuke Miyamoto
- Department of Pediatrics, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Akihisa Okumura
- Department of Pediatrics, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Shigeru Kamiya
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Kyorin University School of Medicine
| | - Shogo Kikuchi
- Department of Public Health, Aichi Medical University, School of Medicine
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9
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Dong X, Cong S. Reversible splenial lesion syndrome associated with acute Mycoplasma pneumoniae-associated encephalitis: A report of four cases and literature review. Exp Ther Med 2018; 16:2152-2159. [PMID: 30186453 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Reversible splenial lesion syndrome (RESLES) is a rare clinico-radiological syndrome that is defined as reversible lesions that involve the splenium of the corpus callosum (SCC). RESLES has been reported in patients with a broad spectrum of diseases and conditions, including infections, hypoglycemia and poisoning. The present report described four RESLES cases triggered by Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M. pneumoniae) and discussed the associated diagnostic challenges. Four cases of acute M. pneumoniae-associated encephalitis that displayed RESLES were reviewed. The clinical presentations were nonspecific in these patients. However, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed consistent lesions in the SCC with a hyperintensity in diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and hypointensities in T1WI, which disappeared after a variable lapse. Treatment with azithromycin or combined treatment with immunomodulatory agents if necessary led to a good prognosis. The present findings indicated that radiological diagnosis of RESLES should be considered in patients with M. pneumoniae-associated encephalitis. Furthermore, serum Mycoplasma antibody is important for the diagnosis of M. pneumoniae-associated encephalitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Dong
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Shuyan Cong
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
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Li H, Zhang B, Hu X, Dong Y, Fan Q, Guo F, Ren X, Zhou H, Tian W, Zhao Y. Serum Helicobacter pylori FliD antibody and the risk of gastric cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 7:22397-408. [PMID: 26968951 PMCID: PMC5008368 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
FliD and CagA are important virulence factors of H. pylori. We aimed to evaluate the screening values of FliD and CagA for gastric cancer (GC). Serum samples were obtained from 232 cases and 266 controls in a case-control study. Unconditional multivariate logistic regression with odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) was used to analyze the relationships between FliD, CagA and GC. The sensitivities, specificities and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were calculated. Finally, the combined screening values of FliD, FlaA, NapA and CagA were assessed based on discriminant analysis. In all subjects, the associations of FliD and CagA with GC were evident with ORs (95% CIs) of 7.6 (4.7-12.3) and 2.5 (1.6-3.8), respectively (*p<0.001). The areas under ROC curves (AUCs) for FliD and CagA were 0.800 and 0.653, respectively. The AUC for the combination of FliD, FlaA and NapA was 0.915, which represented an increase of 0.115 over that of FliD alone (*p<0.001). These findings indicate that the FliD antibody is associated with GC and could exhibit high validity as a biomarker in screening for GC patients. The combination of FliD, FlaA and NapA improved the screening validity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailin Li
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, P. R. China
| | - Bing Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, P. R. China
| | - Xiaomeng Hu
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, P. R. China
| | - Yingzi Dong
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, P. R. China
| | - Qing Fan
- Xiangfang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, P. R. China
| | - Fang Guo
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, P. R. China
| | - Xiyun Ren
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, P. R. China
| | - Haibo Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, P. R. China
| | - Wenjing Tian
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, P. R. China
| | - Yashuang Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, P. R. China
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Okuda M, Mabe K, Lin Y, Chaochen W, Taniguchi Y, Kato M, Kikuchi S. Rapid urine antibody test for Helicobacter pylori infection in adolescents. Pediatr Int 2017; 59:798-802. [PMID: 28371166 DOI: 10.1111/ped.13286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Revised: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori infection is associated with gastric cancer; thus, early diagnosis and treatment are crucial. Given that H. pylori infection in adolescents or young adults has few symptoms, screening tests are necessary for this population. In this study, the accuracy of the rapid urine H. pylori antibody (u-HpAb) test was evaluated and compared with that of urine and serum H. pylori enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (u-HpELISA and s-HpELISA, respectively) in junior high school students. METHODS All 1,225 students attending the junior high schools in Sasayama City were invited to participate in this study. Urine and blood samples were assayed for anti-H. pylori immunoglobulin G antibodies, and rapid u-HpAb was performed by three investigators independently. When all investigators were in agreement, the test was confirmed as positive or negative. Non-concordance was defined as undetermined. RESULTS In total, 187 students participated in this study and provided both urine and blood samples. Three students had undetermined rapid u-HpAb. Excluding these results, the positivity rate of rapid u-HpAb was 3.3% (6/184), whereas that for u-HpELISA and s-HpELISA was 4.8% (10/187) and 5.9% (11/187), respectively. Using s-HpELISA and u-HpELISA as the standards, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of rapid u-HpAb were 85.7%, 100%, 100%, and 99.4%, respectively, excluding the undetermined rapid u-HpAb results. CONCLUSIONS Rapid urine-HpAb test had excellent specificity but relatively low sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masumi Okuda
- Department of General Medicine and Community Health Science, Hyogo College of Medicine, Sasayama, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Katsuhiro Mabe
- Department of Gastroenterology, National Hospital Organization Hakodate Hospital, Hakodate, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Yingsong Lin
- Department of Public Health, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Aichi, Japan
| | - Wang Chaochen
- Department of Public Health, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yohei Taniguchi
- Department of General Medicine and Community Health Science, Hyogo College of Medicine, Sasayama, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Mototsugu Kato
- Department of Gastroenterology, National Hospital Organization Hakodate Hospital, Hakodate, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Shogo Kikuchi
- Department of Public Health, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Aichi, Japan
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12
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Nakayama Y, Lin Y, Hongo M, Hidaka H, Kikuchi S. Helicobacter pylori infection and its related factors in junior high school students in Nagano Prefecture, Japan. Helicobacter 2017; 22. [PMID: 27785853 DOI: 10.1111/hel.12363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Revised: 10/01/2016] [Accepted: 10/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There have been few reports on Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection in asymptomatic Japanese children and adolescents. We hypothesized that the prevalence of H. pylori infection is very low among Japanese children and that clinical variables such as serum pepsinogen and iron levels are associated with H. pylori infection. MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of a sample of 454 junior high school students aged 12-15 years in four areas in Nagano Prefecture. A commercial ELISA kit (E-plate Eiken H. pylori antibody) was used to measure IgG antibody against H. pylori. Serum pepsinogen and iron levels were also measured using standard methods. A urea breath test was performed for seropositive students. RESULTS The overall prevalence of H. pylori was 3.1% (14/454). There were no significant differences in H. pylori prevalence among mountain, rural, and urban areas. The mean level of both serum pepsinogen (PG I) and PG II was significantly increased in the seropositive subjects compared with the seronegative subjects. When the cutoff values for adults (PG I: 70 ng/mL and PG I/II ratio: 3) were used, 4 of 14 subjects had PG I ≤70 ng/mL and PG I/II ratio ≤3. The results of a logistic regression analysis showed that low serum iron levels were significantly associated with H. pylori infection (P=.02). CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of H. pylori infection is as low as 3% among junior high school students aged 12-15 years in Japan. The disappearance of H. pylori is accelerating in Japanese children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiko Nakayama
- Department of Pediatrics, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Yingsong Lin
- Department of Public Health, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Minoru Hongo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shinshu University School of Health Sciences, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Hiroya Hidaka
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shinshu University School of Health Sciences, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Shogo Kikuchi
- Department of Public Health, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Japan
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13
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Shen J, Zhao C, Cao P, Shi P, Cao L, Zhu Q. Relationship between serologic response and clinical symptoms in children with enterovirus 71-infected hand-foot-mouth disease. Int J Clin Exp Pathol 2016; 8:11608-14. [PMID: 26617898 PMCID: PMC4637714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2015] [Accepted: 08/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the correlation between clinical symptoms, including rash and fever, and serum antibody reaction to enterovirus 71 (EV71) infection in children hospitalized due to hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD). From May 2014 to July 2014, a total of 547 children hospitalized due to HFMD in Children's Hospital of Fudan University were enrolled retrospectively. RNA levels of EV71 and CA16 in fecal, serum, and cerebrospinal fluid specimens were measured using quantitative real-time RT-PCR, and EV71-IgM antibody in the serum was detected using immune colloidal gold assays. Of the 547 fecal specimens, 296 were EV71 RNA positive, 109 were CA16 RNA positive, and 8 were positive for both EV71 RNA and CA16 RNA. The total positive rate for either EV71 or CA16 in feces was 72.58% (397/547). Additionally, 544 serum specimens were collected, and 409 were EV71-IgM positive (75.18%). The duration of rash and fever was found to be correlated to the positive rate of serum EV71-IgM, and the positive rate of serum EV71-IgM plus EV71 RNA in feces. The positive rates of serum EV71-IgM and serum EV71-IgM plus EV71 RNA in fecal collected at day 3 of fever were 79.7% and 52.8%, respectively. In conclusion, EV71 and CA16 were found to be the major pathogens responsible for the epidemics of HFMD in children during May to July 2014 in Shanghai, China. There is a close relationship between the positive rate of serum EV71-IgM and the duration of fever and rash.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Shen
- Department of Infectious Disease, Children's Hospital of Fudan University Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Zhao
- Key laboratory of medical molecular virology, Fudan University Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Cao
- Department of Infectious Disease, Children's Hospital of Fudan University Shanghai, China
| | - Peng Shi
- Information Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University Shanghai, China
| | - Lingfeng Cao
- Virology Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Fudan University Shanghai, China
| | - Qirong Zhu
- Department of Infectious Disease, Children's Hospital of Fudan University Shanghai, China
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14
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Degenhardt F, Dirmeier A, Lopez R, Lang S, Kunst C, Roggenbuck D, Reinhold D, Szymczak S, Rogler G, Klebl F, Franke A, Rieder F. Serologic Anti-GP2 Antibodies Are Associated with Genetic Polymorphisms, Fibrostenosis, and Need for Surgical Resection in Crohn's Disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2016; 22:2648-57. [PMID: 27753692 DOI: 10.1097/MIB.0000000000000936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The presentation of Crohn's disease (CD) is heterogeneous and often leads to serious complications and need for surgery. We tested serum anti-zymogen granule glycoprotein 2 (GP2) antibodies, including its novel isoform alpha, for association with genetic variants, diagnosis, disease stratification, and prediction of CD courses in a combined cross-sectional and cohort study. METHODS Serum samples of 303 CD, 108 ulcerative colitis, 72 other inflammatory gastrointestinal diseases, and 206 controls without predominant gastrointestinal diseases controls (HC) were tested for the presence of Anti-GP2 and Anti-Saccharomyces cervisiae (ASCA) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Genetic analysis was performed using the Illumina Immunochip. RESULTS GP2 IgA and IgG had the highest discriminatory capability for CD versus ulcerative colitis and CD versus inflammatory gastrointestinal diseases. We identified an association of GP2 IgA and IgG each with 5 distinct single-nucleotide polymorphisms. Levels of anti-GP2 IgG were moderately associated with ileal disease location. Interestingly, both, anti-GP2 IgA and IgG were exclusively associated with the occurrence of stenosis and need for surgery, independently of disease location, but not with fistulizing CD, early disease onset or disease activity. ASCA IgG and IgA were qualitatively and quantitatively linked to CD, CD complications, and need for surgery. Increased levels of ASCA IgG and IgA and positivity for ASCA IgG, but neither levels nor positivity for GP2 IgG or IgA were predictive of the earlier occurrence of complications or surgery. CONCLUSIONS Anti-GP2 antibodies may aid as a tool for diagnosis and differentiation of CD and could indicate a more complicated CD course.
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15
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Petrie JG, Parkhouse K, Ohmit SE, Malosh RE, Monto AS, Hensley SE. Antibodies Against the Current Influenza A(H1N1) Vaccine Strain Do Not Protect Some Individuals From Infection With Contemporary Circulating Influenza A(H1N1) Virus Strains. J Infect Dis 2016; 214:1947-1951. [PMID: 27923954 PMCID: PMC5142093 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiw479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
During the 2013–2014 influenza season, nearly all circulating 2009 pandemic influenza A(H1N1) virus (A[H1N1]pdm09) strains possessed an antigenically important mutation in hemagglutinin (K166Q). Here, we performed hemagglutination-inhibition (HAI) assays, using sera collected from 382 individuals prior to the 2013–2014 season, and we determined whether HAI titers were associated with protection from A(H1N1)pdm09 infection. Protection was associated with HAI titers against an A(H1N1)pdm09 strain possessing the K166Q mutation but not with HAI titers against the current A(H1N1)pdm09 vaccine strain, which lacks this mutation. These data indicate that contemporary A(H1N1)pdm09 strains are antigenically distinct from the current A(H1N1)pdm09 vaccine strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua G Petrie
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor
| | - Kaela Parkhouse
- Wistar Institute.,Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | - Suzanne E Ohmit
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor
| | - Ryan E Malosh
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor
| | - Arnold S Monto
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor
| | - Scott E Hensley
- Wistar Institute.,Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
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Park SJ, Han SS, Anvarov K, Khajibaev A, Choi MH, Hong ST. Prevalence of Serum IgG Antibodies to Cystic Echinococcus Antigen among Patients in an Uzbekistan Emergency Hospital. Korean J Parasitol 2015; 53:699-703. [PMID: 26797436 PMCID: PMC4725226 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2015.53.6.699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Revised: 11/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is one of the most widespread zoonotic helminthiases, which can last an asymptomatic infection for several years. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate serum antibody prevalence of CE among asymptomatic people in Uzbekistan using ELISA. A total of 2,547 serum samples were collected, 66 from confirmed CE patients and 2,481 of patients with other diseases than CE at a hospital in Tashkent, Uzbekistan. The serum samples were screened for CE specific IgG antibodies by ELISA using cystic fluid antigen obtained from sheep. The serum antibody positive rate was 89.4% (59/66) in CE and 3.6% (89/2,481) in other disease patients. The present ELISA recognized 89.4% sensitivity and 96.4% specificity. The ELISA absorbance of positive samples was distributed 0.271-0.971 for CE and 0.273-0.887 for other disease patients. The other disease patients with high absorbance over 0.3 were 50 (2.0%) who were presumed to be active CE patients. The patients in their 40s showed the highest positive rate of 5.2% (P=0.181), and women were 4.4% while men were 3.1% positive (P=0.136). The data confirmed that there are many asymptomatic patients of CE in Tashkent. It is indicated that CE is an endemic disease of public health importance in Uzbekistan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se Jin Park
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Sung Sik Han
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Khikmat Anvarov
- Department of Surgery, Republican Research Center for Emergency Medicine, Tashkent 100107, Uzbekistan
| | - Abdukhakim Khajibaev
- Department of Surgery, Republican Research Center for Emergency Medicine, Tashkent 100107, Uzbekistan
| | - Min-Ho Choi
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Institute of Endemic Diseases, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Sung-Tae Hong
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Institute of Endemic Diseases, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
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Jin Y, Kim SC, Kim HJ, Ju W, Kim YH, Kim HJ. A lectin-based diagnostic system using circulating antibodies to detect cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical cancer. Glycobiology 2015; 26:100-7. [PMID: 26358468 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwv075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we developed serological strategies using immunoglobulin fractions obtained by protein A chromatography to screen for cervical cancer and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia I (CIN I). The reactivities of the immunoglobulins purified from sera of women with normal cytology, CIN I and cervical cancer were compared in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) and enzyme-linked lectin assays (ELLAs). To capture the immunoglobulins, ELISAs and ELLAs were performed in protein A immobilized microplates. The reactivity of immunoglobulin in ELISA was in the increasing order normal cytology, CIN I and cervical cancer, while that in ELLAs for detecting fucosylation was in the decreasing order normal cytology, CIN I and cervical cancer. It was confirmed that women with CIN I were distinguishable from women with normal cytology or women with cervical cancer in the ELISA or the ELLA for detecting fucosylation with considerable sensitivity and specificity. Women with cervical cancer were also distinguishable from women with normal cytology with high sensitivity (ELISA: 97%, ELLA: 87%) and specificity (ELISA: 69%, ELLA: 72%). Moreover, the logistic regression model of the ELISA and the ELLA discriminated cervical cancer from normal cytology with 93% sensitivity and 93% specificity. These results indicate that the ELISAs and the ELLAs have great potential as strategies for primary screening of cervical cancer and CIN. It is expected that the ELISA and the ELLA can provide new insights to understand systemic changes of serum immunoglobulins during cervical cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingji Jin
- Laboratory of Virology, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-Ro, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul 156-756, South Korea
| | - Seung Cheol Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, 1071 Anyangcheon-Ro, Yangcheon-Gu, Seoul 158-710, South Korea
| | - Hyoung Jin Kim
- Laboratory of Virology, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-Ro, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul 156-756, South Korea
| | - Woong Ju
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, 1071 Anyangcheon-Ro, Yangcheon-Gu, Seoul 158-710, South Korea
| | - Yun Hwan Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, 1071 Anyangcheon-Ro, Yangcheon-Gu, Seoul 158-710, South Korea
| | - Hong-Jin Kim
- Laboratory of Virology, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-Ro, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul 156-756, South Korea
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Russell AN, Zheng X, O'Connell CM, Taylor BD, Wiesenfeld HC, Hillier SL, Zhong W, Darville T. Analysis of Factors Driving Incident and Ascending Infection and the Role of Serum Antibody in Chlamydia trachomatis Genital Tract Infection. J Infect Dis 2015; 213:523-31. [PMID: 26347571 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiv438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 08/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chlamydia trachomatis genital tract infection is a major cause of female reproductive morbidity. Risk factors for ascending infection are unknown, and the role for antibody in protection is not well established. METHODS We recruited 225 women from urban outpatient clinics and followed them for a median of 12 months. We performed a cross-sectional analysis of serum anti-chlamydial immunoglobulin G (IgG), behavioral factors, and microbiological factors associated with endometrial infection at enrollment, and a longitudinal analysis of factors associated with incident infection. RESULTS Oral contraceptives (adjusted relative risk [RR], 2.02 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 1.38-2.97]) and gonorrhea (adjusted RR, 1.66 [95% CI, 1.07-2.60]) were associated with endometrial infection. Gonorrhea (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 3.09 [95% CI, 1.41-6.78]), cervical infection at enrollment (adjusted HR, 2.33 [95% CI, 1.07-5.11]), and exposure to uncircumcised partners (adjusted HR, 2.65 [95% CI, 1.21-5.82]) or infected partners (adjusted HR, 4.99 [95% CI, 2.66-9.39]) significantly increased the risk of incident infection. Seropositivity was associated with a reduced cervical burden (P < .05) but no differences in rates of ascending infection (adjusted RR, 1.24 [95% CI, .71-2.19]) or incident infection (adjusted HR, 0.94 [95% CI, .52-1.69]). CONCLUSIONS Serum anti-chlamydial IgG is not associated with a lowered rate of ascending or repeat infection. Identification of factors associated with ascending infection and increased risk of incident infection provide guidance for targeted screening of women at increased risk for sequelae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali N Russell
- Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill
| | - Xiaojing Zheng
- Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill
| | | | - Brandie D Taylor
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station
| | - Harold C Wiesenfeld
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh and Magee Womens Research Institute, Pennsylvania
| | - Sharon L Hillier
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh and Magee Womens Research Institute, Pennsylvania
| | - Wujuan Zhong
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill
| | - Toni Darville
- Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill
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Long YY, Wang Y, Huang QR, Zheng GS, Jiao SC. Measurement of serum antibodies against NY-ESO-1 by ELISA: A guide for the treatment of specific immunotherapy for patients with advanced colorectal cancer. Exp Ther Med 2014; 8:1279-1284. [PMID: 25187840 PMCID: PMC4151660 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2014.1913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2014] [Accepted: 07/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
NY-ESO-1 has been identified as one of the most immunogenic antigens; thus, is a highly attractive target for cancer immunotherapy. The present study analyzed the expression of serum antibodies (Abs) against NY-ESO-1 in patients with advanced colorectal cancer (CRC), with the aim of guiding the treatment of NY-ESO-1-based specific-immunotherapy for these patients. Furthermore, the present study was the first to evaluate the kinetic expression of anti-NY-ESO-1 Abs and investigate the possible influencing factors. A total of 239 serum samples from 155 pathologically confirmed patients with advanced CRC (stages III and IV) were collected. The presence of spontaneous Abs against NY-ESO-1 was analyzed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results demonstrated that 24.5% (38/155) of the investigated patients were positive for NY-ESO-1-specific Abs. No statistically significant correlations were identified between the expression of anti-NY-ESO-1 Abs and clinicopathological parameters, including age and gender, location, grading, local infiltration, lymph node status, metastatic status and K-ras mutation status (P>0.05). In 59 patients, the kinetic expression of anti-NY-ESO-1 Abs was analyzed, of which 14 patients were initially positive and 45 patients were initially negative. Notably, 16/59 (27.1%) patients changed their expression status during the study period, and the initially positive patients were more likely to change compared with the initially negative patients (85.7 vs. 8.8%; P<0.001). Therefore, monitoring serum Abs against NY-ESO-1 by ELISA is an easy and feasible method. The high expression rate of NY-ESO-1-specific Abs in CRC patients indicates that measuring the levels of serum Abs against NY-ESO-1 may guide the treatment of NY-ESO-1-based specific immunotherapy for patients with advanced CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Yan Long
- Department of Medical Oncology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China ; Medical School of Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P.R. China
| | - Yu Wang
- Beijing ImmunoTech Applied Science Ltd., Beijing 100097, P.R. China
| | - Qian-Rong Huang
- Beijing ImmunoTech Applied Science Ltd., Beijing 100097, P.R. China
| | - Guang-Shun Zheng
- Beijing ImmunoTech Applied Science Ltd., Beijing 100097, P.R. China
| | - Shun-Chang Jiao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
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20
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is a major risk factor for gastric cancer (GC); however, only a minority of infected individuals develops GC. We aim to assess the association between serostatus of antibody against H. pylori flagellin A (FlaA) and risk of GC and to evaluate the value of serum FlaA antibody as a novel screening biomarker for GC risk. METHODS A hospital-based case-control study including 232 cases and 264 controls was conducted. Logistic regression was adopted to analyze the association between the serostatus of FlaA antibody and risk of GC. Serum FlaA antibody was measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the screening efficacy and to identify a cutoff point of serum FlaA antibody level. RESULTS Helicobacter pylori infection was associated with an increased risk of GC (p = .007). A positive association between serum FlaA antibody and GC risk was observed in overall subjects and H. pylori-positive subjects (OR [95% CI]: 6.8 [4.3-10.7] and 6.9 [3.6-13.4], respectively; p < .001). The seropositivity of FlaA antibody was strongly related to GC risk in a dose-dependent manner (p for trend < .001). The optimal cutoff value (OD) was 0.1403, providing a sensitivity of 74.1% and a specificity of 64.4%. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) was 0.74 in overall subjects and 0.73 in H. pylori-positive subjects, respectively. CONCLUSIONS FlaA was an independent risk factor for H. pylori-related GC. Serum FlaA antibody may serve as a novel noninvasive biomarker for early detection of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Tian
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
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21
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Shiota S, Murakami K, Okimoto T, Kodama M, Yamaoka Y. Serum Helicobacter pylori CagA antibody titer as a useful marker for advanced inflammation in the stomach in Japan. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2014; 29:67-73. [PMID: 24033876 PMCID: PMC3870047 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.12359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Subjects infected with Helicobacter pylori containing cagA do not always induce serum CagA antibody. Our previous meta-analysis showed that serum CagA seropositivity was associated with gastric cancer even in East Asian countries. However, it remains unclear why serum CagA-positive status is associated with gastric cancer. In this study, we aimed to examine the relationship between anti-CagA antibody titer and the levels of pepsinogen (PG), and histological score. METHODS Eighty-eight H. pylori-positive Japanese patients with gastritis were included. Serum CagA antibody titer, PG I, and PG II were evaluated by ELISA. Histological scores were evaluated according to Update Sydney System. CagA expression was examined by immunoblot. RESULTS Seroprevalence of CagA antibody was found in 75.0%. Interestingly, serum CagA antibody titer was significantly correlated with PG I and PG II levels (P = 0.003 and 0.004, respectively). Serum CagA antibody titer was also significantly correlated with mucosal inflammation in the corpus (P = 0.04). On the other hand, bacterial density was not related with CagA antibody titer. CagA expression level of the strains was irrespective of the status of PG and serum CagA antibody. CONCLUSIONS Subjects with higher serum CagA antibody titer can be considered as high-risk population for the development of gastric cancer from the point of strong gastric inflammatory response even in Japan. Host recognition rather than bacterial colonization might be associated with the difference of serum CagA antibody titer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seiji Shiota
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu, 879-5593, Japan,Department of General Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu, 879-5593, JapanS
| | - Kazunari Murakami
- Department of General Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu, 879-5593, JapanS
| | - Tadayoshi Okimoto
- Department of General Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu, 879-5593, JapanS
| | - Masaaki Kodama
- Department of General Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu, 879-5593, JapanS
| | - Yoshio Yamaoka
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu, 879-5593, Japan,Department of Medicine-Gastroenterology, Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030 USA,Corresponding author: Yoshio Yamaoka MD, PhD, Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama-machi, Yufu-City, Oita 879-5593, Japan, Tel: +81-97-586-5740; Fax: +81-97-586-5749,
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Spatola BN, Murray JA, Kagnoff M, Kaukinen K, Daugherty PS. Antibody repertoire profiling using bacterial display identifies reactivity signatures of celiac disease. Anal Chem 2013; 85:1215-22. [PMID: 23234559 PMCID: PMC3903178 DOI: 10.1021/ac303201d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A general strategy to identify serum antibody specificities associated with a given disease state and peptide reagents for their detection was developed using bacterial display peptide libraries and multiparameter flow cytometry (MPFC). Using sera from patients with celiac disease (CD) (n = 45) or healthy subjects (n = 40), bacterial display libraries were screened for peptides that react specifically with antibodies from CD patients and not with those from healthy patients. The libraries were screened for peptides that simultaneously cross-react with CD patient antibodies present in two separate patient groups labeled with spectrally distinct fluorophores but do not react with unlabeled non-CD antibodies, thus affording a quantitative separation. A panel of six unique peptide sequences yielded 85% sensitivity and 91% specificity (AUC = 0.91) on a set of 60 samples not used for discovery, using leave-one-out cross-validation. Individual peptides were dissimilar with known CD-specific antigens tissue transglutaminase (tTG) and deamidated gliadin, and the classifier accuracy was independent of anti-tTG antibody titer. These results demonstrate that bacterial display/MPFC provides a highly effective tool for the unbiased discovery of disease-associated antibody specificities and peptide reagents for their detection that may have broad utility for diagnostic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley N. Spatola
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Joseph A. Murray
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, United States
| | - Martin Kagnoff
- Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Katri Kaukinen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Alimentary Tract Surgery, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
- Medical School, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Patrick S. Daugherty
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
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Ishida Y, Suzuki K, Taki K, Niwa T, Kurotsuchi S, Ando H, Iwase A, Nishio K, Wakai K, Ito Y, Hamajima N. Significant association between Helicobacter pylori infection and serum C-reactive protein. Int J Med Sci 2008; 5:224-9. [PMID: 18695743 PMCID: PMC2500148 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.5.224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2008] [Accepted: 07/23/2008] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection in gastric mucosa may cause systemic inflammatory reaction. This study aimed to examine the association between the infection and serum high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP). METHODS Subjects were comprised of three groups; 453 health checkup examinees from Yakumo town inhabitants in Hokkaido, Japan (YTI, 153 males and 300 females), 449 health checkup examinees (ENUH, 273 males and 176 females), and 255 female patients of an infertility clinic (PIC), Nagoya University Hospital. Twenty participants with hsCRP more than 1 mg/dl were excluded from the analysis. Those with hsCRP more than 0.1mg/dl were defined as high hsCRP individuals. H. pylori infection status was examined with a serum IgG antibody test. RESULTS When the three groups were combined, the geometric mean of hsCRP concentration was significantly higher among the seropositives (0.047 mg/dl) than among the seronegatives (0.035 mg/dl); p<0.0001 by a t-test. The percentage of high hsCRP individuals was also higher in the seropositives than in the seronegatives among any group; 23.3% and 20.1% in YTI, 22.0% and 16.0% in ENUH, and 32.7% and 18.7% in PIC, respectively, although the difference was significant only in ENUH. The summary odds ratio of the high hsCRP for the seropositives relative to the seronegatives was 1.38 (95% confidence interval, 1.01-1.89), when age, sex, body mass index, smoking, and subject group were adjusted by a logistic model. CONCLUSIONS In three groups, hsCRP was higher among the infected individuals. The summary odd ratio indicated that H. pylori infection could influence the serum hsCRP level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiko Ishida
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Biostatistics and Medical Decision Making, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
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Hamsher C, Smith AM, Dehqanzada ZA, Khoo S, Ponniah S, Peoples GE, Moroni M. Pattern of serum immunoreactivity against breast cancer cell lysates may predict severity of disease in breast cancer patients. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2007; 56:1711-21. [PMID: 17440722 PMCID: PMC11030576 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-007-0314-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2006] [Accepted: 03/06/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Humoral tumor-specific immunity has been investigated as a potential tool to identify tumor-associated antigens and evaluate cancer diagnosis and prognosis. Using SDS-PAGE and western blotting techniques we investigated the humoral immune response against tumor cell antigens in 36 breast cancer patients, 17 node-positive (NP) and 19 node-negative (NN). As a source of antigens, we prepared protein lysates from four breast cancer cell lines (AU565, BT474, MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231) which in vitro exhibit different features of invasion, estrogen receptor/progesterone receptor status and HER2/neu expression thereby potentially representing mild to aggressive forms of clinical disease. A higher number of immunocomplexes Ag-Ab were formed when serum from NN patients was immunoreacted against lysates from AU565 and MCF-7 in comparison to serum from NP patients (P < 0.01). BT474 cells were not a good antigenic source. MDA-MB-231 cells could not significantly discriminate between NN and NP patients since both groups showed higher amounts of reactivity against the lysate. However, comparative analysis of protein preparations purified from MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells and immunodetected concomitantly with the same serum samples showed that serum from patients with cancers with worse prognosis (stage, nodality, HER2/neu and hormonal status) reacted more intensely to proteins purified from the relatively more invasive cell line MDA-MB-231 compared to MCF-7. These findings suggest that the study of serum antibody reactivity to antigens purified from breast cancer cell lines with different invasive properties should be further investigated for its potential in providing beneficial prognostic information in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlyle Hamsher
- Cancer Vaccine Development Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Building A, Room A3025, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA
| | - Anna M. Smith
- Cancer Vaccine Development Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Building A, Room A3025, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA
| | - Zia A. Dehqanzada
- Cancer Vaccine Development Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Building A, Room A3025, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA
| | - Steven Khoo
- Cancer Vaccine Development Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Building A, Room A3025, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA
| | - Sathibalan Ponniah
- Cancer Vaccine Development Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Building A, Room A3025, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA
| | - George E. Peoples
- Cancer Vaccine Development Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Building A, Room A3025, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA
- Department of Surgery, Brooke Army Medical Center, Fort Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA
| | - Maria Moroni
- Cancer Vaccine Development Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Building A, Room A3025, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 8901 Wisconsin Avenue, Bldg. 42, Bethesda, MD 20889-5603 USA
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Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Serum antibodies to carbonic anhydrase (CA) II have been reported in patients with autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) and Sjogren's syndrome (SjS). However, their significance in the pathogenesis of these diseases is controversial. The aim of this study was to identify serum antibodies to CA isozymes, which are expressed in ductal cells of the pancreas. METHODS Recombinant proteins of human CAs IV, IX, and XII were obtained using a bacterial expression system, and five CA IV peptides with theoretically high antigenicity were synthesised. Western blotting and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were used to detect serum antibodies to the CA isozymes. RESULTS The first screening analysis by western blot showed serum antibodies to CA IV among three CA isozymes in patients with idiopathic chronic pancreatitis, including AIP patients. Further analysis by ELISA showed a significantly increased prevalence of serum antibodies to the truncated CA IV protein and the CA IV synthetic peptide (LGS LTT PTC DEK VVW TVF REP I) in patients with definite AIP (4/15 and 6/20, respectively; p<0.01), probable AIP (6/14 and 3/14; p<0.02), and SjS (9/20 and 8/40; p<0.001) compared with normal controls (0/26). There was no significant difference in the antibody prevalence rates between normal controls and patients with alcoholic chronic pancreatitis (2/15 in each) or pancreatic cancer (2/14 and 1/14, respectively). The presence of serum antibodies to the CA IV peptide showed significant correlations with serum gamma-globulin and IgG levels in AIP patients. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that CA IV may be a target antigen that is commonly expressed in epithelial cells of specific tissues involved in AIP and its related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Nishimori
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kochi Medical School, Nankoku, Kochi 783-8505, Japan.
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Pickel K, Müller MA, ter Meulen V. Influence of maternal immunity on the outcome of murine coronavirus JHM infection in suckling mice. Med Microbiol Immunol 1985; 174:15-24. [PMID: 2987653 DOI: 10.1007/BF02123666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Adult C3H mice are resistant to intraperitoneal infection with murine coronavirus JHM, whereas suckling offspring of non-immune females are susceptible. Resistance can be conferred on suckling C3H mice by postnatal transmission of maternal immunity, if transfer precedes infection. Suckling mice succumb to infection even when they receive maternal antibodies within 1 day after infection. Prenatal transmission alone without subsequent postnatal transmission of maternal immunity is not sufficient to provide resistance. Persistence of virus without clinical consequences was observed when the supply of breast milk anti-JHMV antibodies was terminated 5 days before infection. Immune reactions restricted by histocompatibility antigens do not play a crucial role in bestowing resistance. As neutralizing anti-JHM serum antibody titers of adult mice only rise sharply 5 to 7 days after infection, these results indicate that infection of adults can be arrested by immunological means but that, in addition, the rate of virus dissemination must be limited by other non-immunological mechanisms.
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Abstract
C57 strain mice were inoculated intraperitoneally with denatured mouse hepatitis virus strain 3 particles and virus surface projection, membrane and ribonucleoprotein subcomponents, obtained from detergent treated purified virus preparations. All immunised animals developed high levels of serum antibody directed against the respective antigens, detectable by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Mice that had been immunised with denatured virus particles or surface projections were protected against infection with mouse hepatitis virus strain 3, whereas immunisation with virus membrane or ribonucleoprotein subcomponents failed to protect mice against virus challenge.
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