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Heredia-Ponce Z, Secchi E, Toyofuku M, Marinova G, Savorana G, Eberl L. Genotoxic stress stimulates eDNA release via explosive cell lysis and thereby promotes streamer formation of Burkholderia cenocepacia H111 cultured in a microfluidic device. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 2023; 9:96. [PMID: 38071361 PMCID: PMC10710452 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-023-00464-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA is a component of biofilms, but the triggers of DNA release during biofilm formation and how DNA contributes to biofilm development are poorly investigated. One key mechanism involved in DNA release is explosive cell lysis, which is a consequence of prophage induction. In this article, the role of explosive cell lysis in biofilm formation was investigated in the opportunistic human pathogen Burkholderia cenocepacia H111 (H111). Biofilm streamers, flow-suspended biofilm filaments, were used as a biofilm model in this study, as DNA is an essential component of their matrix. H111 contains three prophages on chromosome 1 of its genome, and the involvement of each prophage in causing explosive cell lysis of the host and subsequent DNA and membrane vesicle (MV) release, as well as their contribution to streamer formation, were studied in the presence and absence of genotoxic stress. The results show that two of the three prophages of H111 encode functional lytic prophages that can be induced by genotoxic stress and their activation causes DNA and MVs release by explosive cell lysis. Furthermore, it is shown that the released DNA enables the strain to develop biofilm streamers, and streamer formation can be enhanced by genotoxic stress. Overall, this study demonstrates the involvement of prophages in streamer formation and uncovers an often-overlooked problem with the use of antibiotics that trigger the bacterial SOS response for the treatment of bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaira Heredia-Ponce
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zürich, 8008, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Eleonora Secchi
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatic Engineering, ETH Zürich, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Masanori Toyofuku
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, Microbiology Research Center for Sustainability (MiCS), University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Gabriela Marinova
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zürich, 8008, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Giovanni Savorana
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatic Engineering, ETH Zürich, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Leo Eberl
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zürich, 8008, Zürich, Switzerland.
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2
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Badr A, Eltobgy M, Krause K, Hamilton K, Estfanous S, Daily KP, Abu Khweek A, Hegazi A, Anne MNK, Carafice C, Robledo-Avila F, Saqr Y, Zhang X, Bonfield TL, Gavrilin MA, Partida-Sanchez S, Seveau S, Cormet-Boyaka E, Amer AO. CFTR Modulators Restore Acidification of Autophago-Lysosomes and Bacterial Clearance in Cystic Fibrosis Macrophages. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:819554. [PMID: 35252032 PMCID: PMC8890004 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.819554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) human and mouse macrophages are defective in their ability to clear bacteria such as Burkholderia cenocepacia. The autophagy process in CF (F508del) macrophages is halted, and the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Furthermore, the role of CFTR in maintaining the acidification of endosomal and lysosomal compartments in CF cells has been a subject of debate. Using 3D reconstruction of z-stack confocal images, we show that CFTR is recruited to LC3-labeled autophagosomes harboring B. cenocepacia. Using several complementary approaches, we report that CF macrophages display defective lysosomal acidification and degradative function for cargos destined to autophagosomes, whereas non-autophagosomal cargos are effectively degraded within acidic compartments. Notably, treatment of CF macrophages with CFTR modulators (tezacaftor/ivacaftor) improved the autophagy flux, lysosomal acidification and function, and bacterial clearance. In addition, CFTR modulators improved CFTR function as demonstrated by patch-clamp. In conclusion, CFTR regulates the acidification of a specific subset of lysosomes that specifically fuse with autophagosomes. Therefore, our study describes a new biological location and function for CFTR in autophago-lysosomes and clarifies the long-standing discrepancies in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa Badr
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
- Clinical Pathology Department, College of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Mostafa Eltobgy
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Kathrin Krause
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
- Max Planck Unit for the Science of Pathogens, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kaitlin Hamilton
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Shady Estfanous
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Kylene P. Daily
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Arwa Abu Khweek
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, Birzeit University, West Bank, Palestine
| | - Ahmad Hegazi
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Midhun N. K. Anne
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Cierra Carafice
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Frank Robledo-Avila
- Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Youssra Saqr
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Center for Biostatistics, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Tracey L. Bonfield
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Mikhail A. Gavrilin
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | | | - Stephanie Seveau
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Estelle Cormet-Boyaka
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Amal O. Amer
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
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3
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Hertel R, Schöne K, Mittelstädt C, Meißner J, Zschoche N, Collignon M, Kohler C, Friedrich I, Schneider D, Hoppert M, Kuhn R, Schwedt I, Scholz P, Poehlein A, Martienssen M, Ischebeck T, Daniel R, Commichau FM. Characterization of glyphosate-resistant Burkholderia anthina and Burkholderia cenocepacia isolates from a commercial Roundup® solution. Environ Microbiol Rep 2022; 14:70-84. [PMID: 34786867 DOI: 10.1111/1758-2229.13022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Roundup® is the brand name for herbicide solutions containing glyphosate, which specifically inhibits the 5-enolpyruvyl-shikimate-3-phosphate (EPSP) synthase of the shikimate pathway. The inhibition of the EPSP synthase causes plant death because EPSP is required for biosynthesis of aromatic amino acids. Glyphosate also inhibits the growth of archaea, bacteria, Apicomplexa, algae and fungi possessing an EPSP synthase. Here, we have characterized two glyphosate-resistant bacteria from a Roundup solution. Taxonomic classification revealed that the isolates 1CH1 and 2CH1 are Burkholderia anthina and Burkholderia cenocepacia strains respectively. Both isolates cannot utilize glyphosate as a source of phosphorus and synthesize glyphosate-sensitive EPSP synthase variants. Burkholderia. anthina 1CH1 and B. cenocepacia 2CH1 tolerate high levels of glyphosate because the herbicide is not taken up by the bacteria. Previously, it has been observed that the exposure of soil bacteria to herbicides like glyphosate promotes the development of antibiotic resistances. Antibiotic sensitivity testing revealed that the only the B. cenocepacia 2CH1 isolate showed increased resistance to a variety of antibiotics. Thus, the adaptation of B. anthina 1CH1 and B. cenocepacia 2CH1 to glyphosate did not generally increase the antibiotic resistance of both bacteria. However, our study confirms the genomic adaptability of bacteria belonging to the genus Burkholderia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Hertel
- FG Synthetic Microbiology, Institute for Biotechnology, BTU Cottbus-Senftenberg, Senftenberg, 01968, Germany
| | - Kerstin Schöne
- FG Synthetic Microbiology, Institute for Biotechnology, BTU Cottbus-Senftenberg, Senftenberg, 01968, Germany
| | - Carolin Mittelstädt
- FG Synthetic Microbiology, Institute for Biotechnology, BTU Cottbus-Senftenberg, Senftenberg, 01968, Germany
| | - Janek Meißner
- Department of General Microbiology, Institute for Microbiology and Genetics, University of Goettingen, Göttingen, 37077, Germany
| | - Nick Zschoche
- FG Synthetic Microbiology, Institute for Biotechnology, BTU Cottbus-Senftenberg, Senftenberg, 01968, Germany
| | - Madeline Collignon
- FG Synthetic Microbiology, Institute for Biotechnology, BTU Cottbus-Senftenberg, Senftenberg, 01968, Germany
| | - Christian Kohler
- Friedrich Loeffler Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Ines Friedrich
- Department of Genomic and Applied Microbiology, Institute for Microbiology and Genetics, University of Goettingen, Göttingen, 37077, Germany
| | - Dominik Schneider
- Department of Genomic and Applied Microbiology, Institute for Microbiology and Genetics, University of Goettingen, Göttingen, 37077, Germany
| | - Michael Hoppert
- Department of General Microbiology, Institute for Microbiology and Genetics, University of Goettingen, Göttingen, 37077, Germany
| | - Ramona Kuhn
- Chair of Biotechnology of Water Treatment, Institute of Environmental Technology, BTU Cottbus-Senftenberg, Cottbus, 03046, Germany
| | - Inge Schwedt
- FG Synthetic Microbiology, Institute for Biotechnology, BTU Cottbus-Senftenberg, Senftenberg, 01968, Germany
| | - Patricia Scholz
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute for Plant Sciences and Göttingen Center of Molecular Biosciences (GZMB), University of Goettingen, Göttingen, 37077, Germany
| | - Anja Poehlein
- Department of Genomic and Applied Microbiology, Institute for Microbiology and Genetics, University of Goettingen, Göttingen, 37077, Germany
| | - Marion Martienssen
- Chair of Biotechnology of Water Treatment, Institute of Environmental Technology, BTU Cottbus-Senftenberg, Cottbus, 03046, Germany
| | - Till Ischebeck
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute for Plant Sciences and Göttingen Center of Molecular Biosciences (GZMB), University of Goettingen, Göttingen, 37077, Germany
| | - Rolf Daniel
- Department of Genomic and Applied Microbiology, Institute for Microbiology and Genetics, University of Goettingen, Göttingen, 37077, Germany
| | - Fabian M Commichau
- FG Synthetic Microbiology, Institute for Biotechnology, BTU Cottbus-Senftenberg, Senftenberg, 01968, Germany
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Sass AM, Coenye T. Low iron-induced small RNA BrrF regulates central metabolism and oxidative stress responses in Burkholderia cenocepacia. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0236405. [PMID: 32702060 PMCID: PMC7377471 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0236405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Regulatory small RNAs play an essential role in maintaining cell homeostasis in bacteria in response to environmental stresses such as iron starvation. Prokaryotes generally encode a large number of RNA regulators, yet their identification and characterisation is still in its infancy for most bacterial species. Burkholderia cenocepacia is an opportunistic pathogen with high innate antimicrobial resistance, which can cause the often fatal cepacia syndrome in individuals with cystic fibrosis. In this study we characterise a small RNA which is involved in the response to iron starvation, a condition that pathogenic bacteria are likely to encounter in the host. BrrF is a small RNA highly upregulated in Burkholderia cenocepacia under conditions of iron depletion and with a genome context consistent with Fur regulation. Its computationally predicted targets include iron-containing enzymes of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle such as aconitase and succinate dehydrogenase, as well as iron-containing enzymes responsible for the oxidative stress response, such as superoxide dismutase and catalase. Phenotypic and gene expression analysis of BrrF deletion and overexpression mutants show that the regulation of these genes is BrrF-dependent. Expression of acnA, fumA, sdhA and sdhC was downregulated during iron depletion in the wild type strain, but not in a BrrF deletion mutant. TCA cycle genes not predicted as target for BrrF were not affected in the same manner by iron depletion. Likewise, expression of sodB and katB was dowregulated during iron depletion in the wild type strain, but not in a BrrF deletion mutant. BrrF overexpression reduced aconitase and superoxide dismutase activities and increased sensitivity to hydrogen peroxide. All phenotypes and gene expression changes of the BrrF deletion mutant could be complemented by overexpressing BrrF in trans. Overall, BrrF acts as a regulator of central metabolism and oxidative stress response, possibly as an iron-sparing measure to maintain iron homeostasis under conditions of iron starvation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea M. Sass
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tom Coenye
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- * E-mail:
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5
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Abstract
The heme ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter BhuUV-T of bacterial pathogen Burkholderia cenocepacia is required to transport heme across the inner cell membrane. The current hypothesis is that the binding of two ATPs to the nucleotide-binding domains of the transporter drives the initial steps of the transport cycle in which the empty transport sites are reoriented from the cytosol to the periplasm. Molecular details are missing because the structure of a key occluded intermediate remains hypothetical. Here we perform molecular simulations to analyze the free energy surface (FES) of the first step of the reorientation, namely the transition from an open inward-facing (IF) transport site to an occluded (Occ) conformation. We have modeled the latter structure in silico in a previous study. A simple annealing procedure removes residual bias originating from non-equilibrium targeted molecular dynamics. The calculated FES reveals the role of the ATPs in inducing the IF → Occ conformational change and validates the modeled Occ conformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Tamura
- Computational Biophysics
Research
Team, RIKEN Center for Computational Science, 6-7-1 minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan
| | - Yuji Sugita
- Computational Biophysics
Research
Team, RIKEN Center for Computational Science, 6-7-1 minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan
- Theoretical Molecular Science Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Laboratory for Biomolecular Function
Simulation, RIKEN Center for Biosystems
Dynamics Research, 6-7-1
minatojima-Minamimachi,
Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan
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6
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Higgins S, Gualdi S, Pinto-Carbó M, Eberl L. Copper resistance genes of Burkholderia cenocepacia H111 identified by transposon sequencing. Environ Microbiol Rep 2020; 12:241-249. [PMID: 32090500 DOI: 10.1111/1758-2229.12828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Copper is an essential element but in excess is highly toxic and therefore cytoplasmic levels must be tightly controlled. Member of the genus Burkholderia are highly resistant to various heavy metals and are often isolated from acidic soils where copper bioavailability is high. In this study, we employed transposon sequencing (Tn-Seq) to identify copper resistance genes in Burkholderia cenocepacia H111. We identified a copper efflux system that shares similarities with the plasmid-based copper detoxification systems found in Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas syringae. We also found that several of the identified resistance determinants are involved in maintaining the integrity of the cell envelope, suggesting that proteins located in the outer membrane and periplasmic space are particularly sensitive to copper stress. Given that several of the resistance genes are required for the repair and turnover of misfolded proteins, we suggest that copper toxicity is caused by protein damage rather than by oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Higgins
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Stefano Gualdi
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Marta Pinto-Carbó
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Leo Eberl
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
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Sánchez-Rodríguez R, González GM, Becerril-García MA, Treviño-Rangel RDJ, Marcos-Vilchis A, González-Pedrajo B, Valvano MA, Andrade A. The BPtpA protein from Burkholderia cenocepacia belongs to a new subclass of low molecular weight protein tyrosine phosphatases. Arch Biochem Biophys 2020; 681:108277. [PMID: 31978399 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2020.108277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Low molecular weight protein tyrosine phosphatases (LMW-PTP) are ubiquitous enzymes found across a spectrum of genera from prokaryotes to higher eukaryotes. LMW-PTP belong to the Cys-based PTP class II protein family. Here, we show that LMW-PTP can be categorized into two different groups, referred as class II subdivision I (class II.I) and subdivision II (class II.II). Using BPtpA from the opportunistic pathogen Burkholderia cenocepacia, as a representative member of the LMW-PTP class II.I, we demonstrated that four conserved residues (W47, H48, D80, and F81) are required for enzyme function. Guided by an in silico model of BPtpA, we show that the conserved residues at α3-helix (D80 and F81) contribute to protein stability, while the other conserved residues in the W-loop (W47 and H48) likely play a role in substrate recognition. Overall, our results provide new information on LMW-PTP protein family and establish B. cenocepacia as a suitable model to investigate how substrates are recognized and sorted by these proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca Sánchez-Rodríguez
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Microbiología. Monterrey, Nuevo León, 64460, Mexico
| | - Gloria M González
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Microbiología. Monterrey, Nuevo León, 64460, Mexico
| | - Miguel A Becerril-García
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Microbiología. Monterrey, Nuevo León, 64460, Mexico
| | - Rogelio de J Treviño-Rangel
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Microbiología. Monterrey, Nuevo León, 64460, Mexico
| | - Arely Marcos-Vilchis
- Departamento de Genética Molecular, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, 70-243, Mexico
| | - Bertha González-Pedrajo
- Departamento de Genética Molecular, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, 70-243, Mexico
| | - Miguel A Valvano
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT9 7BL, United Kingdom
| | - Angel Andrade
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Microbiología. Monterrey, Nuevo León, 64460, Mexico.
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Chávez-Ramírez B, Kerber-Díaz JC, Acoltzi-Conde MC, Ibarra JA, Vásquez-Murrieta MS, Estrada-de Los Santos P. Inhibition of Rhizoctonia solani RhCh-14 and Pythium ultimum PyFr-14 by Paenibacillus polymyxa NMA1017 and Burkholderia cenocepacia CACua-24: A proposal for biocontrol of phytopathogenic fungi. Microbiol Res 2020; 230:126347. [PMID: 31586859 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2019.126347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Biocontrol has emerged in recent years as an alternative to pesticides. Given the importance of environmental preservation using biocontrol, in this study two antagonistic bacteria against phytopathogenic fungi were isolated and evaluated. These bacterial strains, identified as Paenibacillus polymyxa NMA1017 and Burkholderia cenocepacia CACua-24, inhibited (70 to 80%) the development of two phytopathogens of economic importance: the fungus Rhizoctonia solani RhCh-14, isolated from chili pepper, and the oomycete Pythium ultimum PyFr-14, isolated from tomato. The spectrum was not limited to the previous pathogens, but also to other phytopathogenic fungus, some bacteria and other oomycetes. Fungi-bacteria microcultures observed with optical and scanning electron microscopy revealed hyphae disintegration and pores formation. The antifungal activity was found also in the supernatant, suggesting a diffusible compound is present. Innocuous tests on tobacco leaves, blood agar, bean seed germination and in Galleria mellonella larvae showed that strain NMA1017 has the potential to be a biocontrol agent. Greenhouse experiments with bean plants inoculated with P. polymyxa exhibited the efficacy to inhibit the growth of R. solani and P. ultimum. Furthermore, P. polymyxa NMA1017 showed plant growth promotion activities, such as siderophore synthesis and nitrogen fixation which can contribute to the crop development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belén Chávez-Ramírez
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Prol. Carpio y Plan de Ayala s/n, Col. Santo Tomas, C.P. 11340, Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Jeniffer Chris Kerber-Díaz
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Prol. Carpio y Plan de Ayala s/n, Col. Santo Tomas, C.P. 11340, Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Marí Carmen Acoltzi-Conde
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Prol. Carpio y Plan de Ayala s/n, Col. Santo Tomas, C.P. 11340, Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - J Antonio Ibarra
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Prol. Carpio y Plan de Ayala s/n, Col. Santo Tomas, C.P. 11340, Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - María-Soledad Vásquez-Murrieta
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Prol. Carpio y Plan de Ayala s/n, Col. Santo Tomas, C.P. 11340, Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Paulina Estrada-de Los Santos
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Prol. Carpio y Plan de Ayala s/n, Col. Santo Tomas, C.P. 11340, Mexico City, Mexico.
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9
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Oppy CC, Jebeli L, Kuba M, Oates CV, Strugnell R, Edgington-Mitchell LE, Valvano MA, Hartland EL, Newton HJ, Scott NE. Loss of O-Linked Protein Glycosylation in Burkholderia cenocepacia Impairs Biofilm Formation and Siderophore Activity and Alters Transcriptional Regulators. mSphere 2019; 4:e00660-19. [PMID: 31722994 PMCID: PMC6854043 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00660-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
O-linked protein glycosylation is a conserved feature of the Burkholderia genus. The addition of the trisaccharide β-Gal-(1,3)-α-GalNAc-(1,3)-β-GalNAc to membrane exported proteins in Burkholderia cenocepacia is required for bacterial fitness and resistance to environmental stress. However, the underlying causes of the defects observed in the absence of glycosylation are unclear. Using proteomics, luciferase reporter assays, and DNA cross-linking, we demonstrate the loss of glycosylation leads to changes in transcriptional regulation of multiple proteins, including the repression of the master quorum CepR/I. These proteomic and transcriptional alterations lead to the abolition of biofilm formation and defects in siderophore activity. Surprisingly, the abundance of most of the known glycosylated proteins did not significantly change in the glycosylation-defective mutants, except for BCAL1086 and BCAL2974, which were found in reduced amounts, suggesting they could be degraded. However, the loss of these two proteins was not responsible for driving the proteomic alterations, biofilm formation, or siderophore activity. Together, our results show that loss of glycosylation in B. cenocepacia results in a global cell reprogramming via alteration of the transcriptional regulatory systems, which cannot be explained by the abundance changes in known B. cenocepacia glycoproteins.IMPORTANCE Protein glycosylation is increasingly recognized as a common posttranslational protein modification in bacterial species. Despite this commonality, our understanding of the role of most glycosylation systems in bacterial physiology and pathogenesis is incomplete. In this work, we investigated the effect of the disruption of O-linked glycosylation in the opportunistic pathogen Burkholderia cenocepacia using a combination of proteomic, molecular, and phenotypic assays. We find that in contrast to recent findings on the N-linked glycosylation systems of Campylobacter jejuni, O-linked glycosylation does not appear to play a role in proteome stabilization of most glycoproteins. Our results reveal that loss of glycosylation in B. cenocepacia strains leads to global proteome and transcriptional changes, including the repression of the quorum-sensing regulator cepR (BCAM1868) gene. These alterations lead to dramatic phenotypic changes in glycosylation-null strains, which are paralleled by both global proteomic and transcriptional alterations, which do not appear to directly result from the loss of glycosylation per se. This research unravels the pleiotropic effects of O-linked glycosylation in B. cenocepacia, demonstrating that its loss does not simply affect the stability of the glycoproteome, but also interferes with transcription and the broader proteome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cameron C Oppy
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Australia
- Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Leila Jebeli
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Miku Kuba
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Clare V Oates
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Richard Strugnell
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Laura E Edgington-Mitchell
- Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, New York University College of Dentistry, Bluestone Center for Clinical Research, New York, New York, USA
| | - Miguel A Valvano
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Elizabeth L Hartland
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Australia
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Hayley J Newton
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Nichollas E Scott
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Australia
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10
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Liu C, Mou L, Yi J, Wang J, Liu A, Yu J. The Eno Gene of Burkholderia cenocepacia Strain 71-2 is Involved in Phosphate Solubilization. Curr Microbiol 2019; 76:495-502. [PMID: 30798378 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-019-01642-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial strain 71-2 with phosphate-solubilizing activity was isolated from tobacco rhizosphere and classified as Burkholderia cenocepacia based on sequence analyses of 16S rRNA and recA genes. To learn phosphate-solubilizing mechanisms of 71-2, mutants showing reduced solubilizing phosphate activity were obtained using the EZ-Tn5 transposon. Mutant 71-2-MT51 was reduced in the solubilizing phosphate content to 34.36% as compared with the wild-type strain 71-2. The disrupted gene in 71-2-MT51 was cloned and sequenced, and the putative protein from the gene shared 65.26% identity to protein sequences of enolase from Escherichia coli, which suggests the gene encodes an enzyme of enolase. Complementation analyzing showed that Eno was responsible for phosphate solubilizing for B. cenocepacia strain 71-2. To our knowledge, this is the first report of Eno involved in phosphate solubilizing in B. cenocepacia as well as in other bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunju Liu
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China
- Weifang Tobacco Co., Ltd, Weifang, 261205, Shandong, China
| | - Lei Mou
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Jingli Yi
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Aixin Liu
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China.
| | - Jinfeng Yu
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China.
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11
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Sass A, Kiekens S, Coenye T. Identification of small RNAs abundant in Burkholderia cenocepacia biofilms reveal putative regulators with a potential role in carbon and iron metabolism. Sci Rep 2017; 7:15665. [PMID: 29142288 PMCID: PMC5688073 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-15818-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Small RNAs play a regulatory role in many central metabolic processes of bacteria, as well as in developmental processes such as biofilm formation. Small RNAs of Burkholderia cenocepacia, an opportunistic pathogenic beta-proteobacterium, are to date not well characterised. To address that, we performed genome-wide transcriptome structure analysis of biofilm grown B. cenocepacia J2315. 41 unannotated short transcripts were identified in intergenic regions of the B. cenocepacia genome. 15 of these short transcripts, highly abundant in biofilms, widely conserved in Burkholderia sp. and without known function, were selected for in-depth analysis. Expression profiling showed that most of these sRNAs are more abundant in biofilms than in planktonic cultures. Many are also highly abundant in cells grown in minimal media, suggesting they are involved in adaptation to nutrient limitation and growth arrest. Their computationally predicted targets include a high proportion of genes involved in carbon metabolism. Expression and target genes of one sRNA suggest a potential role in regulating iron homoeostasis. The strategy used for this study to detect sRNAs expressed in B. cenocepacia biofilms has successfully identified sRNAs with a regulatory function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Sass
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sanne Kiekens
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tom Coenye
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
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12
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Liu Y, Lardi M, Pedrioli A, Eberl L, Pessi G. NtrC-dependent control of exopolysaccharide synthesis and motility in Burkholderia cenocepacia H111. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0180362. [PMID: 28662146 PMCID: PMC5491218 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0180362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Burkholderia cenocepacia is a versatile opportunistic pathogen that survives in a wide variety of environments, which can be limited in nutrients such as nitrogen. We have previously shown that the sigma factor σ54 is involved in the control of nitrogen assimilation and virulence in B. cenocepacia H111. In this work, we investigated the role of the σ54 enhancer binding protein NtrC in response to nitrogen limitation and in the pathogenicity of H111. Of 95 alternative nitrogen sources tested the ntrC showed defects in the utilisation of nitrate, urea, L-citrulline, acetamide, DL-lactamide, allantoin and parabanic acid. RNA-Seq and phenotypic analyses of an ntrC mutant strain showed that NtrC positively regulates two important phenotypic traits: exopolysaccharide (EPS) production and motility. However, the ntrC mutant was not attenuated in C. elegans virulence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilei Liu
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Martina Lardi
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alessandro Pedrioli
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Leo Eberl
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- * E-mail: (LE); (GP)
| | - Gabriella Pessi
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- * E-mail: (LE); (GP)
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13
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Liu H, Ibrahim M, Qiu H, Kausar S, Ilyas M, Cui Z, Hussain A, Li B, Waheed A, Zhu B, Xie G. Protein profiling analyses of the outer membrane of Burkholderia cenocepacia reveal a niche-specific proteome. Microb Ecol 2015; 69:75-83. [PMID: 25081413 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-014-0460-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2014] [Accepted: 06/30/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Outer membrane proteins (OMPs) are integral β-barrel proteins of the Gram-negative bacterial cell wall and are crucial to bacterial survival within the macrophages and for eukaryotic cell invasion. Here, we used liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to comprehensively assess the outer membrane proteome of Burkholderia cenocepacia, an opportunistic pathogen causing cystic fibrosis (CF), in conditions mimicking four major ecological niches: water, CF sputum, soil, and plant leaf. Bacterial cells were harvested at late log phase, and OMPs were extracted following the separation of soluble proteins by one-dimensional sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (1D-SDS-PAGE). Protein bands were excised and identified by LC-MS/MS analysis. The proteins identified under various growth conditions were further subjected to in silico analysis of gene ontology (subcellular localization, structural, and functional analyses). Overall, 72 proteins were identified as common to the four culture conditions, while 33, 37, 20, and 10 proteins were exclusively identified in the water, CF sputum, soil, and plant leaf environments, respectively. The functional profiles of the majority of these proteins revealed significant diversity in protein expression between the four environments studied and may indicate that the protein expression profiles are unique for every condition. Comparison of OMPs from one strain in four distinct ecological niches allowed the elucidation of proteins that are essential for survival in each niche, while the commonly expressed OMPs, such as RND efflux system protein, TonB-dependent siderophore receptor, and ABC transporter-like protein, represent promising targets for drug or vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, 388 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
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14
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Pessi G, Braunwalder R, Grunau A, Omasits U, Ahrens CH, Eberl L. Response of Burkholderia cenocepacia H111 to micro-oxia. PLoS One 2013; 8:e72939. [PMID: 24023794 PMCID: PMC3759415 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0072939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2013] [Accepted: 07/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
B. cenocepacia is an opportunistic human pathogen that is particularly problematic for patients suffering from cystic fibrosis (CF). In the CF lung bacteria grow to high densities within the viscous mucus that is limited in oxygen. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the dominant pathogen in CF patients, is known to grow and survive under oxygen-limited to anaerobic conditions by using micro-oxic respiration, denitrification and fermentative pathways. In contrast, inspection of the genome sequences of available B. cenocepacia strains suggested that B. cenocepacia is an obligate aerobic and non-fermenting bacterium. In accordance with the bioinformatics analysis we observed that B. cenocepacia H111 is able to grow with as little as 0.1% O2 but not under strictly anoxic conditions. Phenotypic analyses revealed that H111 produced larger amounts of biofilm, pellicle and proteases under micro-oxic conditions (0.5%–5% O2, i.e. conditions that mimic those encountered in CF lung infection), and was more resistant to several antibiotics. RNA-Seq and shotgun proteomics analyses of cultures of B. cenocepacia H111 grown under micro-oxic and aerobic conditions showed up-regulation of genes involved in the synthesis of the exopolysaccharide (EPS) cepacian as well as several proteases, two isocitrate lyases and other genes potentially important for life in micro-oxia. Data deposition: RNA-Seq raw data files are accessible through the GEO Series accession number GSE48585. MS data have been deposited in the ProteomeXchange database (PXD000270).
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Pessi
- Department of Microbiology, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Alexander Grunau
- Department of Microbiology, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Ulrich Omasits
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Christian H. Ahrens
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Leo Eberl
- Department of Microbiology, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
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15
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Mil-Homens D, Fialho AM. A BCAM0223 mutant of Burkholderia cenocepacia is deficient in hemagglutination, serum resistance, adhesion to epithelial cells and virulence. PLoS One 2012; 7:e41747. [PMID: 22848588 PMCID: PMC3404963 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0041747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2012] [Accepted: 06/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc) bacteria are a problematic group of microorganisms causing severe infections in patients with Cystic Fibrosis. In early stages of infection, Bcc bacteria must be able to adhere to and colonize the respiratory epithelium. Although this is not fully understood, this primary stage of infection is believed to be in part mediated by a specific type of adhesins, named trimeric autotransporter adhesins (TAAs). These homotrimeric proteins exist on the surface of many gram negative pathogens and often mediate a number of critical functions, including biofilm formation, serum resistance and adherence to an invasion of host cells. We have previously identified in the genome of the epidemic clinical isolate B. cenocepacia J2315, a novel cluster of genes putatively encoding three TAAs (BCAM0219, BCAM0223 and BCAM0224). In this study, the genomic organization of the TAA cluster has been determined. To further address the direct role of the putative TAA BCAM0223 in B. cenocepacia pathogenicity, an isogenic mutant was constructed via insertional inactivation. The BCAM0223::Tp mutant is deficient in hemagglutination, affected in adherence to vitronectin and in biofilm formation and showed attenuated virulence in the Galleria mellonella model of infection. Moreover, the BCAM0223::Tp mutant also showed a significant reduction in its resistance to human serum as well as in adherence, but not in invasion of, cultured human bronchial epithelial cells. Altogether these results demonstrate that the BCAM0223 protein is a multifunctional virulence factor that may contribute to the pathogenicity of B. cenocepacia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalila Mil-Homens
- IBB-Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Center for Biological and Chemical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Arsenio M. Fialho
- IBB-Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Center for Biological and Chemical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Lisbon, Portugal
- Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Technical University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
- * E-mail:
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16
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Rosales-Reyes R, Aubert DF, Tolman JS, Amer AO, Valvano MA. Burkholderia cenocepacia type VI secretion system mediates escape of type II secreted proteins into the cytoplasm of infected macrophages. PLoS One 2012; 7:e41726. [PMID: 22848580 PMCID: PMC3405007 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0041726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2012] [Accepted: 06/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Burkholderia cenocepacia is an opportunistic pathogen that survives intracellularly in macrophages and causes serious respiratory infections in patients with cystic fibrosis. We have previously shown that bacterial survival occurs in bacteria-containing membrane vacuoles (BcCVs) resembling arrested autophagosomes. Intracellular bacteria stimulate IL-1β secretion in a caspase-1-dependent manner and induce dramatic changes to the actin cytoskeleton and the assembly of the NADPH oxidase complex onto the BcCV membrane. A Type 6 secretion system (T6SS) is required for these phenotypes but surprisingly it is not required for the maturation arrest of the BcCV. Here, we show that macrophages infected with B. cenocepacia employ the NLRP3 inflammasome to induce IL-1β secretion and pyroptosis. Moreover, IL-1β secretion by B. cenocepacia-infected macrophages is suppressed in deletion mutants unable to produce functional Type VI, Type IV, and Type 2 secretion systems (SS). We provide evidence that the T6SS mediates the disruption of the BcCV membrane, which allows the escape of proteins secreted by the T2SS into the macrophage cytoplasm. This was demonstrated by the activity of fusion derivatives of the T2SS-secreted metalloproteases ZmpA and ZmpB with adenylcyclase. Supporting this notion, ZmpA and ZmpB are required for efficient IL-1β secretion in a T6SS dependent manner. ZmpA and ZmpB are also required for the maturation arrest of the BcCVs and bacterial intra-macrophage survival in a T6SS-independent fashion. Our results uncover a novel mechanism for inflammasome activation that involves cooperation between two bacterial secretory pathways, and an unanticipated role for T2SS-secreted proteins in intracellular bacterial survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Rosales-Reyes
- Centre for Human Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
- Laboratorio de Infectología, Microbiología e Inmunología Clínicas, Departamento de Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, México
| | - Daniel F. Aubert
- Centre for Human Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jennifer S. Tolman
- Centre for Human Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Amal O. Amer
- Centre for Microbial Interface Biology, Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity and the Department of Internal Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Miguel A. Valvano
- Centre for Human Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
- * E-mail:
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17
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Chen YL, Chen YS, Chan H, Tseng YH, Yang SR, Tsai HY, Liu HY, Sun DS, Chang HH. The use of nanoscale visible light-responsive photocatalyst TiO2-Pt for the elimination of soil-borne pathogens. PLoS One 2012; 7:e31212. [PMID: 22384003 PMCID: PMC3285157 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0031212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2011] [Accepted: 01/04/2012] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure to the soil-borne pathogens Burkholderia pseudomallei and Burkholderia cenocepacia can lead to severe infections and even mortality. These pathogens exhibit a high resistance to antibiotic treatments. In addition, no licensed vaccine is currently available. A nanoscale platinum-containing titania photocatalyst (TiO2-Pt) has been shown to have a superior visible light-responsive photocatalytic ability to degrade chemical contaminants like nitrogen oxides. The antibacterial activity of the catalyst and its potential use in soil pathogen control were evaluated. Using the plating method, we found that TiO2-Pt exerts superior antibacterial performance against Escherichia coli compared to other commercially available and laboratory prepared ultraviolet/visible light-responsive titania photocatalysts. TiO2-Pt-mediated photocatalysis also affectively eliminates the soil-borne bacteria B. pseudomallei and B. cenocepacia. An air pouch infection mouse model further revealed that TiO2-Pt-mediated photocatalysis could reduce the pathogenicity of both strains of bacteria. Unexpectedly, water containing up to 10% w/v dissolved soil particles did not reduce the antibacterial potency of TiO2-Pt, suggesting that the TiO2-Pt photocatalyst is suitable for use in soil-contaminated environments. The TiO2-Pt photocatalyst exerted superior antibacterial activity against a broad spectrum of human pathogens, including B. pseudomallei and B. cenocepacia. Soil particles (<10% w/v) did not significantly reduce the antibacterial activity of TiO2-Pt in water. These findings suggest that the TiO2-Pt photocatalyst may have potential applications in the development of bactericides for soil-borne pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Lei Chen
- Department of Biotechnology, National Kaohsiung Normal University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Shen Chen
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Yung-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hao Chan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Science, Tzu-Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Hsuan Tseng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Ru Yang
- Department of Biotechnology, National Kaohsiung Normal University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Ying Tsai
- Department of Biotechnology, National Kaohsiung Normal University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Yi Liu
- Department of Biotechnology, National Kaohsiung Normal University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Der-Shan Sun
- Department of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Tzu-Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Hou Chang
- Department of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Tzu-Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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18
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Bazzini S, Udine C, Sass A, Pasca MR, Longo F, Emiliani G, Fondi M, Perrin E, Decorosi F, Viti C, Giovannetti L, Leoni L, Fani R, Riccardi G, Mahenthiralingam E, Buroni S. Deciphering the role of RND efflux transporters in Burkholderia cenocepacia. PLoS One 2011; 6:e18902. [PMID: 21526150 PMCID: PMC3079749 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0018902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2010] [Accepted: 03/11/2011] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Burkholderia cenocepacia J2315 is representative of a highly problematic group of cystic fibrosis (CF) pathogens. Eradication of B. cenocepacia is very difficult with the antimicrobial therapy being ineffective due to its high resistance to clinically relevant antimicrobial agents and disinfectants. RND (Resistance-Nodulation-Cell Division) efflux pumps are known to be among the mediators of multidrug resistance in Gram-negative bacteria. Since the significance of the 16 RND efflux systems present in B. cenocepacia (named RND-1 to -16) has been only partially determined, the aim of this work was to analyze mutants of B. cenocepacia strain J2315 impaired in RND-4 and RND-9 efflux systems, and assess their role in the efflux of toxic compounds. The transcriptomes of mutants deleted individually in RND-4 and RND-9 (named D4 and D9), and a double-mutant in both efflux pumps (named D4-D9), were compared to that of the wild-type B. cenocepacia using microarray analysis. Microarray data were confirmed by qRT-PCR, phenotypic experiments, and by Phenotype MicroArray analysis. The data revealed that RND-4 made a significant contribution to the antibiotic resistance of B. cenocepacia, whereas RND-9 was only marginally involved in this process. Moreover, the double mutant D4-D9 showed a phenotype and an expression profile similar to D4. The microarray data showed that motility and chemotaxis-related genes appeared to be up-regulated in both D4 and D4–D9 strains. In contrast, these gene sets were down-regulated or expressed at levels similar to J2315 in the D9 mutant. Biofilm production was enhanced in all mutants. Overall, these results indicate that in B. cenocepacia RND pumps play a wider role than just in drug resistance, influencing additional phenotypic traits important for pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Bazzini
- Dipartimento di Genetica e Microbiologia, Università degli Studi di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Claudia Udine
- Dipartimento di Genetica e Microbiologia, Università degli Studi di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Andrea Sass
- Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Rosalia Pasca
- Dipartimento di Genetica e Microbiologia, Università degli Studi di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Giovanni Emiliani
- Trees and Timber Institute – National Research Council, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Marco Fondi
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
| | - Elena Perrin
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
| | - Francesca Decorosi
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Agrarie, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - Carlo Viti
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Agrarie, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - Luciana Giovannetti
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Agrarie, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - Livia Leoni
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università Roma Tre, Roma, Italy
| | - Renato Fani
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
| | - Giovanna Riccardi
- Dipartimento di Genetica e Microbiologia, Università degli Studi di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Silvia Buroni
- Dipartimento di Genetica e Microbiologia, Università degli Studi di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- * E-mail:
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19
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Yudistira H, McClarty L, Bloodworth RAM, Hammond SA, Butcher H, Mark BL, Cardona ST. Phenylalanine induces Burkholderia cenocepacia phenylacetic acid catabolism through degradation to phenylacetyl-CoA in synthetic cystic fibrosis sputum medium. Microb Pathog 2011; 51:186-93. [PMID: 21511027 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2011.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2010] [Revised: 03/23/2011] [Accepted: 04/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic cystic fibrosis sputum medium (SCFM) is rich in amino acids and supports robust growth of Burkholderia cenocepacia, a member of the Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc). Previous work demonstrated that B. cenocepacia phenylacetic acid (PA) catabolic genes are up-regulated during growth in SCFM and are required for full virulence in a Caenorhabditis elegans host model. In this work, we investigated the role of phenylalanine, one of the aromatic amino acids present in SCFM, as an inducer of the PA catabolic pathway. Phenylalanine degradation intermediates were used as sole carbon sources for growth and gene reporter experiments. In addition to phenylalanine and PA, phenylethylamine, phenylpyruvate, and 2-phenylacetamide were usable as sole carbon sources by wild type B. cenocepacia K56-2, but not by a PA catabolism-defective mutant. EMSA analysis showed that the binding of PaaR, the negative regulator protein of B. cenocepacia PA catabolism, to PA regulatory DNA could only be relieved by phenylacetyl-Coenzyme A (PA-CoA), but not by any of the putative phenylalanine degradation intermediates. Taken together, our results show that in B. cenocepacia, phenylalanine is catabolized to PA and induces PA catabolism through PA activation to PA-CoA. Thus, PaaR shares the same inducer with PaaX, the regulator of PA catabolism in Escherichia coli, despite belonging to a different protein family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harry Yudistira
- Department of Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
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