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Grandinetti V, Baraldi O, Comai G, Corradetti V, Aiello V, Bini C, Minerva V, Barbuto S, Fabbrizio B, Donati G, La Manna G. Renal dysfunction in psoriatic patients. G Ital Nefrol 2020; 37:37-01-2020-6. [PMID: 32068360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a common chronic inflammatory disease of the skin that is increasingly being considered as a systemic inflammatory disorder due to its association with cardiovascular, metabolic, pulmonary, renal, liver, and neurologic diseases. Renal involvement is rare but well documented and psoriasis is recognized as an independent factor for CKD and ESKD. A careful monitoring of the urinalysis and of renal function is recommended in psoriatic patients, especially those with moderate-to-severe disease. In case of pathologic findings, the execution of a renal biopsy appears necessary to make an accurate diagnosis and to establish the most appropriate therapeutic strategies to prevent the progression of kidney damage. The mechanisms of kidney involvement are different and not yet fully clarified. We present here two case reports of renal dysfunction during psoriasis. In one case, we diagnosed IgA nephropathy with particularly severe clinical presentation; in the other, an advanced kidney injury due to nephrotoxicity after prolonged CNI treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Grandinetti
- UO Nefrologia, Dialisi e Trapianto, Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Azienza Ospedaliero-Universitaria Sant'Orsola-Malpighi, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, Italy
| | - Olga Baraldi
- UO Nefrologia, Dialisi e Trapianto, Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Azienza Ospedaliero-Universitaria Sant'Orsola-Malpighi, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, Italy
| | - Giorgia Comai
- UO Nefrologia, Dialisi e Trapianto, Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Azienza Ospedaliero-Universitaria Sant'Orsola-Malpighi, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, Italy
| | - Valeria Corradetti
- UO Nefrologia, Dialisi e Trapianto, Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Azienza Ospedaliero-Universitaria Sant'Orsola-Malpighi, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, Italy
| | - Valeria Aiello
- UO Nefrologia, Dialisi e Trapianto, Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Azienza Ospedaliero-Universitaria Sant'Orsola-Malpighi, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, Italy
| | - Claudia Bini
- UO Nefrologia, Dialisi e Trapianto, Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Azienza Ospedaliero-Universitaria Sant'Orsola-Malpighi, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, Italy
| | - Vera Minerva
- UO Nefrologia, Dialisi e Trapianto, Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Azienza Ospedaliero-Universitaria Sant'Orsola-Malpighi, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, Italy
| | - Simona Barbuto
- UO Nefrologia, Dialisi e Trapianto, Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Azienza Ospedaliero-Universitaria Sant'Orsola-Malpighi, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, Italy
| | - Benedetta Fabbrizio
- Diagnostica istopatologia e molecolare degli organi solidi e del relativo trapianto - D'Errico SSD Azienza Ospedaliero-Universitaria Sant'Orsola-Malpighi, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, Italy
| | - Gabriele Donati
- UO Nefrologia, Dialisi e Trapianto, Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Azienza Ospedaliero-Universitaria Sant'Orsola-Malpighi, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, Italy
| | - Gaetano La Manna
- UO Nefrologia, Dialisi e Trapianto, Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Azienza Ospedaliero-Universitaria Sant'Orsola-Malpighi, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, Italy
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Abstract
Nevus sebaceous is the most common type of organoid epidermal nevus, often located on the face, following the Blaschko's lines and with alterations in the ipsilateral central nervous system. Distinct disorders can be distinguished by the type of association with epidermal nevus. Schimmelpenning-Feuerstein-Mims syndrome is a rare multisystem disorder characterized by sebaceous nevus associated with extracutaneous abnormalities affecting the brain, eyes and bones. We report the case of an 8-year-old female patient with a yellowish verrucous plaque on the left temporal area extending ipsilaterally to the cervical region, combined with cicatricial alopecia, periocular nodule, and epibulbar tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rogério Nabor Kondo
- Dermatology Service, Hospital Universitário
Regional do Norte do Paraná, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina
(PR), Brazil
| | - Théo Nicolacópulos
- Dermatology Service, Hospital Universitário
Regional do Norte do Paraná da Universidade Estadual de Londrina - Clinical
Dermatologist, - Itajaí - Santa Catarina- Brazil
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Tamai K, Kageyama M, Takeuchi A, Nakamura M, Hirai K. Prominent Eustachian valve in a preterm infant causing cyanosis. Pediatr Int 2018; 60:311-313. [PMID: 29480556 DOI: 10.1111/ped.13490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kei Tamai
- Department of Neonatology, Okayama Medical Center, National Hospital Organization, Okayama, Japan
| | - Misao Kageyama
- Department of Neonatology, Okayama Medical Center, National Hospital Organization, Okayama, Japan
| | - Akihito Takeuchi
- Department of Neonatology, Okayama Medical Center, National Hospital Organization, Okayama, Japan
| | - Makoto Nakamura
- Department of Neonatology, Okayama Medical Center, National Hospital Organization, Okayama, Japan
| | - Kenta Hirai
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
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Gargouri L, Safi F, Maalej B, Mallek S, Turki F, Majdoub I, Akrout M, Abid D, Kamoun S, Mahfoudh A. Neonatal lupus erythematosus with congenital heart block in twins. Tunis Med 2016; 94:401-404. [PMID: 28051234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Background - Neonatal lupus erythematosus is an uncommon acquired autoimmune disease caused by transplacental passage of maternal antibodies SSA/Ro, SSB/La or U1 ribonucleoproteins. The most common clinical manifestations are skin rash, cardiac lesions, thrombocytopenia, anemia and hepatosplenomegaly. Complete congenital heart block is usually irreversible needing a pacemaker implantation in two-thirds of cases. Cases report - We report neonatal lupus erythematosus with complete congenital heart block in twins. Newborns were delivered by caesarean section at week 38 of gestation with a heart rate regular at 70 beats per minute. Both twins and mother were positive for antinuclear, anti-SSA, and anti-SSB antibodies. Twins received single-chamber pacemaker implants at day 12 of life. The evolution was immediately favorable with a heart rate around 110 beats per minute. The follow-up was 2 years. The twins are currently asymptomatic. Conclusion - Complete congenital heart block is the most serious manifestation of the neonatal lupus erythematosus associated with significant morbidity and mortality.
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Xu T, Wang Y, Li Z, Huang J, Lui SSY, Tan SP, Yu X, Cheung EFC, He MG, Ott J, Gur RE, Gur RC, Chan RCK. Heritability and familiality of neurological soft signs: evidence from healthy twins, patients with schizophrenia and non-psychotic first-degree relatives. Psychol Med 2016; 46:117-123. [PMID: 26347209 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291715001580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurological soft signs (NSS) have long been considered potential endophenotypes for schizophrenia. However, few studies have investigated the heritability and familiality of NSS. The present study examined the heritability and familiality of NSS in healthy twins and patient-relative pairs. METHOD The abridged version of the Cambridge Neurological Inventory was administered to 267 pairs of monozygotic twins, 124 pairs of dizygotic twins, and 75 pairs of patients with schizophrenia and their non-psychotic first-degree relatives. RESULTS NSS were found to have moderate but significant heritability in the healthy twin sample. Moreover, patients with schizophrenia correlated closely with their first-degree relatives on NSS. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, the findings provide evidence on the heritability and familiality of NSS in the Han Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Xu
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory,Key Laboratory of Mental Health,Institute of Psychology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,People's Republic of China
| | - Y Wang
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory,Key Laboratory of Mental Health,Institute of Psychology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,People's Republic of China
| | - Z Li
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory,Key Laboratory of Mental Health,Institute of Psychology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,People's Republic of China
| | - J Huang
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory,Key Laboratory of Mental Health,Institute of Psychology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,People's Republic of China
| | - S S Y Lui
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory,Key Laboratory of Mental Health,Institute of Psychology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,People's Republic of China
| | - S-P Tan
- Beijing Huilongguan Hospital,Beijing,People's Republic of China
| | - X Yu
- Peking University Sixth Hospital,Beijing,People's Republic of China
| | - E F C Cheung
- Castle Peak Hospital,Hong Kong Special Administrative Region,People's Republic of China
| | - M-G He
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology,Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou,People's Republic of China
| | - J Ott
- Statistical Genetics Laboratory,Key Laboratory of Mental Health,Institute of Psychology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,People's Republic of China
| | - R E Gur
- Department of Psychiatry,Perelman School of Medicine,University of Pennsylvania,and the Philadelphia Veterans Administration Medical Center,Philadelphia,PA,USA
| | - R C Gur
- Department of Psychiatry,Perelman School of Medicine,University of Pennsylvania,and the Philadelphia Veterans Administration Medical Center,Philadelphia,PA,USA
| | - R C K Chan
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory,Key Laboratory of Mental Health,Institute of Psychology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,People's Republic of China
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Karohl C, Vaccarino V, Veledar E, Goldberg J, Tangpricha V, Bellasi A, Raggi P. Vitamin D status and coronary flow reserve measured by positron emission tomography: a co-twin control study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2013; 98:389-97. [PMID: 23144471 PMCID: PMC3537102 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2012-3097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Vitamin D insufficiency is associated with increased cardiovascular events in the general population. Additionally, low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] is associated with endothelial dysfunction and arterial stiffness. However, little is known about the association between serum 25(OH)D level and myocardial blood flow. OBJECTIVE Our objective was to examine the association between serum 25(OH)D levels and coronary flow reserve (CFR) measured by (13)N-positron emission tomography in asymptomatic middle-aged male twins. DESIGN The Emory Twin Study is a cross-sectional study of soldiers from the Vietnam Era Registry. SETTING The study was conducted at the General Clinical Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA. PARTICIPANTS A total of 368 middle-aged male twins were enrolled for the study. Serum 25(OH)D levels were measured in all subjects and classified as vitamin D insufficiency [25(OH)D <30 ng/ml] or sufficiency [25(OH)D ≥30 ng/ml]. Positron emission tomography with [(13)N]ammonia was used to evaluate myocardial blood flow at rest and after adenosine stress. CFR was measured as the ratio of maximum to rest myocardial blood flow. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Primary outcome was CFR measurement. RESULTS Mean overall serum 25(OH)D concentration was 37.0 ± 21.4 ng/ml; 167 twins (45%) were vitamin D insufficient. CFR was significantly lower in subjects with vitamin D insufficiency compared with subjects with vitamin D sufficiency (2.41 vs. 2.64; P = 0.007), even after adjustment for traditional cardiovascular risk factors, serum PTH, calcium, and phosphorus levels, and season. An abnormal CFR (CFR <2) was more prevalent in subjects with vitamin D insufficiency than with vitamin D sufficiency (31 vs. 20%; P = 0.03). In addition, in vitamin D status-discordant twin pairs, CFR was significantly lower in the vitamin D-insufficient twin than in the vitamin D-sufficient co-twin (2.35 vs. 2.58; P = 0.037). CONCLUSION Vitamin D insufficiency is associated with lower CFR in men. This association may help explain some of the increased cardiovascular risk reported in individuals with vitamin D insufficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Karohl
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
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Loomba RS, Telega GW, Gudausky TM. Type 2 Abernethy malformation presenting as a portal vein-coronary sinus fistula. J Pediatr Surg 2012; 47:E25-31. [PMID: 22595606 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2011.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2011] [Revised: 12/12/2011] [Accepted: 12/29/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
We report the case of a child with Abernethy malformation with an anomalous connection between the portal vein and the coronary sinus. After 30 months of close follow-up, the patient developed hepatoblastoma, a previously documented complication of the Abernethy malformation. This case reports a unique variant of Abernethy malformation and documents the first reported case of hepatoblastoma in a patient with type 2 Abernethy malformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit S Loomba
- Children's Hospital of Wisconsin/Herma Heart Center, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
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Kendler KS, Aggen SH, Patrick CJ. A multivariate twin study of the DSM-IV criteria for antisocial personality disorder. Biol Psychiatry 2012; 71:247-53. [PMID: 21762879 PMCID: PMC3417134 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2011.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2011] [Revised: 04/29/2011] [Accepted: 05/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many assessment instruments for psychopathy are multidimensional, suggesting that distinguishable factors are needed to effectively capture variation in this personality domain. However, no prior study has examined the factor structure of the DSM-IV criteria for antisocial personality disorder (ASPD). METHODS Self-report questionnaire items reflecting all A criteria for DSM-IV ASPD were available from 4291 twins (including both members of 1647 pairs) from the Virginia Adult Study of Psychiatric and Substance Use Disorders. Exploratory factor analysis and twin model fitting were performed using, respectively, Mplus and Mx. RESULTS Phenotypic factor analysis produced evidence for two correlated factors: aggressive-disregard and disinhibition. The best-fitting multivariate twin model included two genetic and one unique environmental common factor, along with criteria-specific genetic and environmental effects. The two genetic factors closely resembled the phenotypic factors and varied in their prediction of a range of relevant criterion variables. Scores on the genetic aggressive-disregard factor score were more strongly associated with risk for conduct disorder, early and heavy alcohol use, and low educational status, whereas scores on the genetic disinhibition factor score were more strongly associated with younger age, novelty seeking, and major depression. CONCLUSIONS From a genetic perspective, the DSM-IV criteria for ASPD do not reflect a single dimension of liability but rather are influenced by two dimensions of genetic risk reflecting aggressive-disregard and disinhibition. The phenotypic structure of the ASPD criteria results largely from genetic and not from environmental influences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth S Kendler
- Virginia Institute of Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Medical College of Virginia/Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298-0126, USA.
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Suzuki S, Hiraizumi Y, Miyake H. Influence of umbilical cord abnormalities (velamentous/marginal cord insertion and nuchal cord) on the perinatal outcomes of the second twin after vaginal delivery of the first twin. J Perinat Med 2011; 39:745-8. [PMID: 21812754 DOI: 10.1515/jpm.2011.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Murakami Y, Matsui S, Kijima A, Kitaba S, Murota H, Katayama I. Cedar pollen aggravates atopic dermatitis in childhood monozygotic twin patients with allergic rhino conjunctivitis. Allergol Int 2011; 60:397-400. [PMID: 21430436 DOI: 10.2332/allergolint.10-cr-0268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2010] [Accepted: 11/17/2010] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a case of 7-year-old monozygotic twin patients with atopic dermatitis. The HLA haplotypes were HLA A2, A11, B27, B61, DR1, and DR4. Both serum IgE levels and cedar pollen radioallergosorbent test (RAST) scores were high in the twins (elder/younger sister: IgE: 5170/3980 IU/ml and Japansese cedar pollen: >100/64.0) in contrast to low mite and food RAST scores (Dermatophagoides Pterygonium; 0.59/0.4 and egg white 9.24/4.6). The patients showed positive immediate (20 min in both sisters) and delayed (24 hours in elder sister, 24, 48, 72 hours in younger sister) reactions to a scratch test with Japanese cedar pollen. Skin lesions on the face were aggravated and extended to the trunk and extremities during the Japanese cedar pollen season and gradually subsided in summer. Oral provocation with egg white or cow milk showed no exacerbations, and topical corticosteroid did not improve the eczema. In contrast, successful protection from severe scratching behaviors was achieved by use of topical anti-allergic eye drops and wearing nightgowns made by the mother.
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MESH Headings
- Allergens/immunology
- Anti-Allergic Agents/therapeutic use
- Child
- Conjunctivitis, Allergic/complications
- Cryptomeria/immunology
- Dermatitis, Atopic/complications
- Dermatitis, Atopic/diagnosis
- Dermatitis, Atopic/immunology
- Dermatitis, Atopic/therapy
- Diseases in Twins/complications
- Diseases in Twins/diagnosis
- Diseases in Twins/immunology
- Diseases in Twins/therapy
- Female
- HLA Antigens/genetics
- Haplotypes
- Humans
- Immunoglobulin E/blood
- Immunoglobulin E/immunology
- Pollen/immunology
- Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal/complications
- Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal/diagnosis
- Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal/immunology
- Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal/therapy
- Skin/pathology
- Twins, Monozygotic
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukako Murakami
- Department of Dermatology Integrated Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Japan
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Sifakis S, Koukoura O, Mantas N, Papadopoulou E, Grigoriadou M, Hajiioannou J, Vlahakis G, Petersen MB. Antenatal diagnosis of duodenal atresia in dizygotic twins associated with congenital hearing impairment. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2011; 24:871-2. [PMID: 21231838 DOI: 10.3109/14767058.2010.545902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Ohba S, Yoshida K, Hirose Y, Ikeda E, Kawase T. Meningioma of the cerebellopontine angle in identical twins: a case report. J Neurooncol 2009; 98:411-5. [PMID: 20012670 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-009-0083-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2009] [Accepted: 11/30/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Meningiomas in identical twins are extremely rare. To our knowledge, only one previous report of meningiomas in identical twins has been published. We present identical twin sisters with meningiomas. The tumors were located at a similar, but not a common, position (the cerebellopontine angle) in both twins. Histologically, both tumors were diagnosed as meningothelial meningiomas with an angiomatous component. Immunohistochemically, the Ki-67 indices in the two cases were 1.0 and 1.1, and the p53 positive rates were 0.2 and 0.9. The specimens in both cases were reactive to neurofibromin 2 (NF2). A comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) assay revealed an aberration in the long arm of chromosome X, but no aberrations in the long arm of chromosome 22 in either case. These results strongly suggest that genetic aberrations other than NF2 are associated with tumorigenesis in some types of sporadic meningiomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeo Ohba
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan.
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Abstract
We examine the impact of rearing by an alcoholic parent on risk for child behavior problems using data on 2492 offspring drawn from two ongoing studies of children of female and male same- and opposite-sex twin pairs. Results of regression models predicting child behavior problems from parent and co-twin lifetime history of alcohol use disorder (AUD) provide support for genetic but not environmental transmission of externalizing and a measure of total problem behaviors. Results for internalizing behavior were inconclusive with respect to transmission of risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Waldron
- Department of Counseling and Educational Psychology, School of Education, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, United States of America.
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Mucci LA, Hsieh CC, Williams PL, Arora M, Adami HO, de Faire U, Douglass CW, Pedersen NL. Do genetic factors explain the association between poor oral health and cardiovascular disease? A prospective study among Swedish twins. Am J Epidemiol 2009; 170:615-21. [PMID: 19648170 PMCID: PMC2732988 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwp177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2008] [Accepted: 06/01/2009] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidemiologic studies suggest positive associations between poor oral health and cardiovascular disease. The authors undertook a prospective study among 15,273 Swedish twins (1963-2000) to examine whether genetic factors underlying the 2 diseases could explain previous associations. They estimated hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals controlling for individual factors and stratifying on twin pairs to control for familial effects. Quantitative genetic analyses estimated genetic correlations between oral diseases and cardiovascular disease outcomes. Tooth loss (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.2, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.1, 1.4) and periodontal disease (HR = 1.3, 95% CI: 1.0, 1.4) were associated with small excess risks of cardiovascular disease; periodontal disease was also associated with coronary heart disease (HR = 1.4, 95% CI: 1.1, 1.6). Adjustment for genetic factors in co-twin analyses did not appreciably change estimates. In contrast, tooth loss was more strongly associated with coronary heart disease in twin models (HR = 2.1, 95% CI: 1.2, 3.8) compared with adjusting for individual factors alone (HR = 1.3, 95% CI: 1.1, 1.4). There was evidence of shared genetic factors between cardiovascular disease and tooth loss (r(G) = 0.18) and periodontal disease (r(G) = 0.29). Oral disease was associated with excess cardiovascular disease risk, independent of genetic factors. There appear to be common pathogenetic mechanisms between poor oral health and cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorelei A Mucci
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, 9th Floor, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Lerbaek A, Kyvik KO, Mortensen J, Bryld LE, Menné T, Agner T. Heritability of Hand Eczema Is Not Explained by Comorbidity with Atopic Dermatitis. J Invest Dermatol 2007; 127:1632-40. [PMID: 17301829 DOI: 10.1038/sj.jid.5700750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Genetic factors have been shown to influence the risk of hand eczema, and may theoretically influence the frequency of eruptions as well as age at onset of the disease. However, the result may be confounded by atopic dermatitis, which is a major risk factor for development of hand eczema and is known to be influenced by genetic factors. In this study, the importance of genetic and environmental risk factors in the etiology of hand eczema, independent of atopic dermatitis, was investigated in a population-based twin cohort. In addition, any possible genetic influence on frequency of hand eczema eruptions and age at onset was explored. In all, 4,128 twin individuals (response rate 82%) answered a questionnaire on self-reported hand eczema. Similarity within twin pairs was estimated and quantitative genetic modelling performed. Controlling for age and atopic dermatitis, the effect of genetic risk factors was moderate and explained 41% of the variance in liability to develop hand eczema, leaving 59% of the variance to be caused by environmental factors. Genetic factors accounted for 31% of the variance in liability regarding frequency of eruptions. Environmental factors explained the variance in liability concerning age at onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Lerbaek
- National Allergy Research Centre, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark.
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Akerman G, Mignon A, Tsatsaris V, Jacqmin S, Cabrol D, Goffinet F. L'œdème aigu du poumon chez des patientes en menace d'accouchement prématuré traitées par inhibiteurs calciques: place de facteurs prédisposants ou pharmacologiques spécifiques? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 36:389-92. [PMID: 17446008 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgyn.2007.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2006] [Revised: 01/08/2007] [Accepted: 03/14/2007] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Calcium channel blockers of the dihydropyridin's family have been associated with the onset of an acute pulmonary edema when they are used as a treatment of preterm labor. We report here four cases of pulmonary edema in pregnant women treated with nicardipine (Loxen) for preterm labor. The physiopathology of pulmonary edema, the pharmacology of calcium channel blockers of dihydropyridin's family and the detailed analysis of our cases and those of the literature make us discuss of the role of these agents and associated population and risk factors in such complication.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Akerman
- Maternité Port-Royal, hôpital Cochin, 27, rue du Faubourg-Saint-Jacques, 75014 Paris, France
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Abstract
AIM The purpose of this study was to investigate the oral health in monozygotic twins where one twin had coronary heart disease (CHD) and the other twin had no clinical signs of the disease. METHODS Ten monozygotic twin pairs (age 55-81 years, eight male, and two female pairs) were recruited from the Swedish twin register. The inclusion criterion for participation was discordance regarding the presence of CHD within every twin pair. All participants underwent a full dental clinical examination including a panoramic radiograph. RESULTS Twins with CHD had 51.5% bleeding on probing compared with 21.1% without CHD (p=0.01), and more pathological pockets (> or = 4 mm) were detected among those with CHD (20+/-15 versus 8+/-5), p=0.047). Twins with CHD had a reduced horizontal bone level in comparison with the healthy group (73%versus 78%, p=0.03). Logistic analyses using odds ratio (OR) showed that an increase of one periodontal pocket (> or = 4 mm) resulted in an increased risk for the actual twin of belonging to the CHD group (OR 1.17, p=0.03). CONCLUSIONS This study indicates worsened periodontal conditions among twins with CHD compared with their siblings with no history of CHD. This strengthens the association between periodontal inflammation and the presence of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farnaz Tabrizi
- Department of Periodontology, Institute of Odontology, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.
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Xian H, Scherrer JF, Eisen SA, Lyons MJ, Tsuang M, True WR, Bucholz KK. Nicotine dependence subtypes: association with smoking history, diagnostic criteria and psychiatric disorders in 5440 regular smokers from the Vietnam Era Twin Registry. Addict Behav 2007; 32:137-47. [PMID: 16647217 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2006.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2005] [Revised: 03/10/2006] [Accepted: 03/20/2006] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Studies suggest empirically derived subtypes of nicotine dependence exist in young adult populations with short smoking careers. It is not known if classes of dependence exist in middle aged smokers with longer smoking careers and whether these classes reflect quantitative or qualitative differences. It is not known if psychiatric disorders are associated with classes of nicotine dependence. Nicotine dependence symptoms were obtained from a 1992 administration of the Diagnostic Interview Schedule. Latent Class Analyses (LCA) was computed using data from 5440 members of the Vietnam Era Twin Registry. LCA was used to derive significantly different classes of nicotine dependence, which were assessed for their association with smoking history, nicotine dependence, and other psychiatric disorders. The LCA model which best fit the data was a 4 class solution characterized by severity. Age onset of regular smoking decreased with more severe classes. Cigarette consumption, failed cessation and psychiatric disorders were associated with more severe classes. Empirically derived subtypes of nicotine dependence are mostly characterized by increasing severity. Suggestions for refinement of nicotine dependence diagnostic criteria are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Xian
- Research Service, St. Louis Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 915 North Grand Boulevard, St. Louis, MO 63106, USA.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Medically unexplained disabling fatigue in young people is familial and frequently associated with depressed mood. AIMS To examine the degree of sharing of genetic and environmental influences on the symptoms of depression and fatigue in this age group. METHOD The parents of twins aged 8-17 years, derived from a population-based register, completed a questionnaire regarding lifetime-ever disabling fatigue in both twins. Twins aged 11 years or over completed the Mood and Feelings Questionnaire. The genetic and environmental influences on fatigue and the relationship with depression were examined using bivariate genetic analysis. RESULTS Parent-rated data were obtained for 1468 twin pairs (65%) and self-rated data from 930 older twin pairs (58%). Bivariate analysis of fatigue and depression suggested that genetic and environmental influences on disabling fatigue were mainly specific to fatigue. CONCLUSIONS Unexplained disabling fatigue in childhood is substantially familial and has mainly an independent aetiology from depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom A Fowler
- Section of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychological Medicine, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff, Wales CF14 4XN, UK.
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Szewka AJ, Walsh LE, Boaz JC, Carvalho KS, Golomb MR. Chiari in the family: inheritance of the Chiari I malformation. Pediatr Neurol 2006; 34:481-5. [PMID: 16765829 DOI: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2005.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2005] [Revised: 09/01/2005] [Accepted: 09/20/2005] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This report presents three families with Chiari malformation type I that became symptomatic during childhood: a mother and son; a set of monozygotic twins; and two half-siblings and their two maternal cousins. These children presented with various symptoms, including headache, stiff neck, and swallowing difficulty. A review of the relevant literature is presented, with an emphasis on familial examples and proposed inheritance. Less common presentations of Chiari malformation type I are discussed, as well as the possible pathogenesis of Chiari malformation type I and associated syringomyelia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimee J Szewka
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Neurology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, USA
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Franco-Cereceda A, Liska J, Bredin F. Mitral valve insufficiency and left ventricular remodeling in identical twins. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2006; 131:1400-1. [PMID: 16733180 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2006.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2006] [Revised: 02/02/2006] [Accepted: 02/07/2006] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anders Franco-Cereceda
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery and Anaesthesia, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
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22
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Eccles D, Bunyan D, Barker S, Castle B. BRCA1 mutation and neuronal migration defect: implications for chemoprevention. J Med Genet 2005; 42:e24. [PMID: 15863656 PMCID: PMC1736045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
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Adegbite AL, Castille S, Ward S, Bajoria R. Prevalence of cranial scan abnormalities in preterm twins in relation to chorionicity and discordant birth weight. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2005; 119:47-55. [PMID: 15734084 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2004.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2004] [Revised: 05/27/2004] [Accepted: 06/13/2004] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence of ultrasonographically detected cerebral white matter lesions (WMLs) in preterm twins at birth in relation to chorionicity, discordant weight and twin-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS). METHODS In this retrospective study, perinatal, neonatal, and cranial scan data of 85 monochorionic (MC) and 94 dichorionic (DC) twin pregnancies (341 infants) delivered between 24 and 34 weeks of gestation were collected. Data were analysed according to chorionicity, discordant birth weight (>20%), single intrauterine death and TTTS. RESULTS The cerebral WML was seen in 14% of preterm twins. Monochorionic infants had higher risks of WML than DC twin (odds ratio 7.1; 95% CI 3.28-15.8). In MC group, discordant weight (37%), TTTS (38%), single intrauterine death (67%) had higher incidence of cerebral WML than concordant weight infants (7%). Similarly, incidence of WML was higher in DC discordant compared with concordant weight infants (13% versus 2%; P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Monochorionic infants had a seven-fold higher incidence of cerebral WML than DC infants. Discordant birth weight, TTTS and survivor of co-twin demise are an independent risk of cerebral white matter lesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adedayo L Adegbite
- Academic Unit of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Child Health, St. Mary's Hospital for Women and Children, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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Bartha JL, Ling Y, Kyle P, Soothill PW. Clinical consequences of first-trimester growth discordance in twins. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2005; 119:56-9. [PMID: 15734085 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2004.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2004] [Revised: 05/16/2004] [Accepted: 06/13/2004] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the clinical consequences of size discordance in the first-trimester of pregnancy in twins. STUDY DESIGN This study was performed in a university tertiary referral centre. Nineteen pairs of twins identified as discordant were compared with 41 concordant twins. The rates of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), congenital malformations, and growth discordance in late pregnancy and at delivery were compared using chi-squared test and Fisher's exact test. RESULTS There was not a significant difference in the rate of congenital malformations between the studied groups. The rates of IUGR and fetal growth discordance in late pregnancy were significantly higher in the first-trimester discordant group (57.2 and 35.7%, respectively) than in the control group (24.4 and 7.3%; P = 0.03 and 0.02, respectively). CONCLUSIONS First-trimester growth discordant twins have an increased risk of IUGR and growth discordance in late pregnancy, and therefore they are a high-risk subgroup among multiple pregnancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- José L Bartha
- Fetal Medicine Research Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Bristol, Southwell Street, Bristol BS2 8EG, UK.
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Mahmoud AA, Al-Skaini MS, Al-Hifzi I. Bacterial meningitis associated with intussusception. Saudi Med J 2005; 26:330-1. [PMID: 15770319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Adel A Mahmoud
- Department of Pediatrics, AFHSR, Khamis Mushayt, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
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27
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Rajesh B, Mahadhevan B, Rao S, Bhat VB. Acephalus acardiac fetus. Indian J Pediatr 2004; 71:948. [PMID: 15531853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
Acephalus Acardia is an uncommon congenital malformation due to twin reverse arterial perfusion syndrome. In this condition the donor twin provides circulation for itself and the recipient acardiac twin. The acardiac twin is grossly abnormal with severe reduction anomalies of the upper part of the body. We report a case with autopsy findings and review of literature.
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Pirhonen JP, Hartgill TW. Spontaneous reversal of mirror syndrome in a twin pregnancy after a single fetal death. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2004; 116:106-7. [PMID: 15294378 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2003.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2003] [Revised: 07/02/2003] [Accepted: 12/05/2003] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The case report illustrates that pre-eclampsia like symptoms can arise as a consequence of pathological changes in a single feto-placental unit of a twin pregnancy and may resolve spontaneously when the cause is removed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jouko P Pirhonen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Ullevaal University Hospital, University of Oslo, N-0407 Oslo, Norway.
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Chang YL, Chao AS, Cheng PJ, Chung CL, Chueh HY, Chang SD, Soong YK. Presence of a single fetal major anomaly in a twin pregnancy does not increase the preterm rate. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol 2004; 44:332-6. [PMID: 15282006 DOI: 10.1111/j.1479-828x.2004.00248.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether the presence of one major anomaly in a twin pregnancy would affect the perinatal outcome of the unaffected co-twin. MATERIALS AND METHODS From 1992 May to July 2003, a total of 1400 twin pregnancies were included in the present study and there were 35 pairs of twins with one major anomaly. Major anomaly was defined as the anomaly that had a significant impact on neonatal morbidity and mortality. The perinatal outcomes of the affected and unaffected co-twins, the gestational age of diagnosis of the anomaly and the gestational age of delivery were the parameters for evaluation. RESULT The incidence of a twin with one major anomaly was 2.5%. Nineteen of 35 (54.3%) affected twins and five of the 35 (14.3%) unaffected co-twins suffered a perinatal death. In the five cases of unaffected co-twins suffering a perinatal death, four were intrauterine fetal deaths and one was a neonatal death. Three of the perinatal deaths of the unaffected co-twins could be attributed to twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome. The gestational age at delivery, the perinatal mortality rate, and the incidence of low 5 min Apgar scores of the unaffected co-twins were not different from those in twin pregnancies without a major anomaly. CONCLUSION The perinatal outcomes of the unaffected co-twin were not affected by the fact that its counterpart had one major anomaly, nor were these twin pregnancies at increased risk of preterm labour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Lung Chang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Tao-Yuan Hsien, Taiwan
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Abstract
A pair of autistic monozygotic twins were assessed on relevant portions of the Geddes Psychomotor Inventory. Over-all motor development of the 3-yr., 6-mo. old twins was similar and considered a partial consequence of the same genotype and comparable environmental experiences from birth. The twins exhibited poor or unsuccessful performance on tasks requiring abilities in language, communication, and appropriate relationships to objects; superior performance on specific fine manual motor skills, walking balance board, and climbing; at-age performance on tasks which were considered measures of patterned gross movement, balance, postural maintenance, and spatial orientation; and few typical autistic motor characteristics.
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Naeye RL, Blanc WA. Fetal renal structure and the genesis of amniotic fluid disorders. Am J Pathol 1972; 67:95-108. [PMID: 4558222 PMCID: PMC2032592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Newborn recipient twins in the transplacental transfusion syndrome have dilated renal tubules, enlarged bladders and an increased urinary output in the early neonatal period, suggesting that increased fetal micturition is responsible for hydramnios in the syndrome. There is the possibility that such micturition contributes to hydramnios in other disorders as well. In the present study, renal tubules were found to be dilated in single-born infants with a diverse group of disorders having hydramnios as a common feature. Many of the neonates had hypoplastic lungs, an abnormality whose role in the hydramnios is undetermined. Renal tubular lumina were of normal size in neonates associated with oligohydramnios due to chronic leak of amniotic fluid. Donor members of parabiotic transplacental transfusion pairs had contracted renal tubules which helps to explain their oligohydramnios.
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