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Han Z, He Y, Li X, Li S, Ai J. Insights into the impact of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibition on urinary tract malignancy: A two-sample Mendelian randomization. Diabetes Obes Metab 2024; 26:1986-1989. [PMID: 38356116 DOI: 10.1111/dom.15490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Zeyu Han
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yazhou He
- Department of Oncology/Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xue Li
- School of Public Health and the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sheyu Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Division of Guideline and Rapid Recommendation, Cochrane China Center, MAGIC China Center, Chinese Evidence-Based Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianzhong Ai
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Ozgor F, Caglar U, Halis A, Cakir H, Aksu UC, Ayranci A, Sarilar O. Urological Cancers and ChatGPT: Assessing the Quality of Information and Possible Risks for Patients. Clin Genitourin Cancer 2024; 22:454-457.e4. [PMID: 38246831 DOI: 10.1016/j.clgc.2023.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION OpenAI has created ChatGPT, an artificial intelligence language model that has gained considerable recognition for its capacity to produce text responses resembling human language. Consequently, this study seeks to evaluate the effectiveness of ChatGPT's responses in addressing publicly accessible queries related to prostate, kidney, bladder, and testicular cancers. MATERIAL AND METHODS A comprehensive compilation of frequently asked questions (FAQs) pertaining to prostate, bladder, kidney, and testicular cancers was gathered from diverse sources. Additionally, the recommendations outlined in the European Association of Urology (EAU) 2023 Guideline Oncology were consulted. The chosen questions for evaluation were presented to the ChatGPT 4.0 premium version. The quality of ChatGPT responses was appraised using the global quality score (GQS). Each ChatGPT response was independently reviewed by a panel of physicians, who assigned a GQS score to assess its overall quality. RESULTS For prostate cancer, 64.6% of the questions had a GQS score of 5, compared to 62.9 % for bladder, 68.1% for kidney, and 63.9% for testicular cancers, whereas none of the responses had a GQS score of 1. Meanwhile, the category with the lowest proportion of responses, with a GQS score of 5 for each disease, was prognosis and follow-up. The mean GQS score of the answers given to EAU guideline questions was statistically significantly lower than the average score of the answers given to FAQs. CONCLUSION ChatGPT is a valuable tool for addressing general inquiries regarding urological cancers, boasting commendable accuracy rates. Nonetheless, its performance in responding to questions aligned with the EAU guideline was deemed unsatisfactory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faruk Ozgor
- Department of Urology, Haseki Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Ufuk Caglar
- Department of Urology, Haseki Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Halis
- Department of Urology, Haseki Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hakan Cakir
- Department of Urology, Fulya Acibadem Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ufuk Can Aksu
- Department of Urology, Haseki Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ali Ayranci
- Department of Urology, Haseki Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Omer Sarilar
- Department of Urology, Haseki Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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Ye J, Zheng L, Chen Z, Wang Q, Liao X, Wang X, Wei Q, Bao Y. Serum α-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase as a biomarker for predicting survival outcomes in patients with UTUC after radical nephroureterectomy. BMC Urol 2024; 24:62. [PMID: 38509518 PMCID: PMC10953183 DOI: 10.1186/s12894-024-01439-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We aimed to determine the prognostic value of α-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (α-HBDH) in upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) patients after radical nephroureterectomy (RNU). MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively enrolled the data of 544 UTUC patients at West China Hospital from May 2003 to June 2019. Cancer-specific survival (CSS) was the endpoint of interest. The optimal cutoff value of α-HBDH was identified by X-Tile program. After propensity score matching (PSM), we utilized Kaplan‒Meier curves to estimate survival and Cox proportional hazard model for risk assessment. A nomogram was built based on the results of multivariate analysis, and calibration curve, time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and decision curve analysis were also performed to evaluate the predictive accuracy. RESULTS Overall, 394 and 150 patients were divided into the α-HBDH-low group and α-HBDH -high group at the cutoff value of 158 U/L, respectively. After PSM, the two groups were well matched for all confounding factors. High α-HBDH was associated with inferior CSS (P = 0.006), and preoperative α-HBDH was an independent predictor for CSS (HR: 1.36; 95% CI:1.08, 1.80), especially in localized UTUC patients (HR: 2.04; 95% CI:1.11, 3.74). Furthermore, the nomogram based on α-HBDH achieved great predictive ability for CSS with areas under the curves of 0.800 and 0.778 for 3-year and 5-year CSS, respectively. CONCLUSION Serum α-HBDH was a novel and reliable biomarker for predicting survival outcomes in UTUC patients after RNU but should be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Ye
- Department of Urology and Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lei Zheng
- Department of Urology and Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Urology, People's Hospital of Tibet Autonomous Region, Lhasa, China
| | - Zeyu Chen
- Department of Urology and Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Qihao Wang
- Department of Urology and Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinyang Liao
- Department of Urology and Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xingyuan Wang
- Department of Urology and Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiang Wei
- Department of Urology and Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Yige Bao
- Department of Urology and Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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Tomiyama E, Fujita K, Hashimoto M, Uemura H, Nonomura N. Urinary markers for bladder cancer diagnosis: A review of current status and future challenges. Int J Urol 2024; 31:208-219. [PMID: 37968825 DOI: 10.1111/iju.15338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Bladder cancer is a common urological cancer with a high recurrence rate that requires long-term follow-up, and early detection positively affects prognosis. To date, the initial diagnosis and follow-up for bladder cancer rely on cystoscopy, which is an invasive and expensive procedure. Therefore, urinary markers for the detection of bladder cancer have attracted research attention for decades to reduce unnecessary cystoscopies. Urine, which is in continuous contact with bladder cancer, is considered a suitable fluid for providing tumor information. Urinary cytology is the only widely used urinary marker in clinical practice; however, it has poor sensitivity for low-grade tumors; indicating the need for novel urinary markers. Considerable research has been conducted on this topic over the years, resulting in a complex landscape with a wide range of urinary markers, including protein-, exfoliated cell-, RNA-, DNA-, and extracellular vesicle-based markers. Although some of these markers have been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and are commercially available, their use in clinical practice is limited. To facilitate clinical application, potential urinary markers must withstand prospective clinical trials and be easy for patients and clinicians to understand and utilize in a clinical context. This review provides a comprehensive overview of currently available and recently reported promising urinary markers for bladder cancer. Additionally, the challenges and the prospects of these urinary markers for clinical implementation in bladder cancer treatment were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eisuke Tomiyama
- Department of Urology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazutoshi Fujita
- Department of Urology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Urology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mamoru Hashimoto
- Department of Urology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hirotsugu Uemura
- Department of Urology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Norio Nonomura
- Department of Urology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
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Parikh DA, Rodriguez GM, Ragavan M, Kerr E, Asuncion MK, Hansen J, Srinivas S, Fan AC, Shah S, Patel MI. Lay healthcare worker financial toxicity intervention: a pilot financial toxicity screening and referral program. Support Care Cancer 2024; 32:161. [PMID: 38366165 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-024-08357-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Financial toxicity is a source of significant distress for patients with urologic cancers, yet few studies have addressed financial burden in this patient population. METHODS We developed a financial toxicity screening program using a lay health worker (LHW) and social worker (SW) to assess and mitigate financial toxicity in a single academic medical clinic. As part of a quality improvement project, the LHW screened all newly diagnosed patients with advanced stages of prostate, kidney, or urothelial cancer for financial burden using three COST tool questions and referred patients who had significant financial burden to an SW who provided personalized recommendations. The primary outcome was feasibility defined as 80% of patients with financial burden completing the SW consult. Secondary outcomes were patient satisfaction, change in COST Tool responses, and qualitative assessment of financial resources utilized. RESULTS The LHW screened a total of 185 patients for financial toxicity; 82% (n = 152) were male, 65% (n = 120) White, and 75% (n = 139) reported annual household income >$100,000 US Dollars; 60% (n = 114) had prostate cancer. A total of 18 (9.7%) participants screened positive for significant financial burden and were referred to the SW for consultation. All participants (100%) completed and reported satisfaction with the SW consultation and had 0.83 mean lower scores on the COST Tool post-intervention assessment compared to pre-intervention (95% confidence interval [0.26, 1.41]). CONCLUSION This multidisciplinary financial toxicity intervention using an LHW and SW was feasible, acceptable, and associated with reduced financial burden among patients with advanced stages of urologic cancers. Future work should evaluate the effect of this intervention among cancer patients in diverse settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya A Parikh
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Medical Services, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
| | - Gladys M Rodriguez
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Meera Ragavan
- Kaiser Permanente Division of Research, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Elizabeth Kerr
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Mary Khay Asuncion
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jennifer Hansen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Sandy Srinivas
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Alice C Fan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Sumit Shah
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Manali I Patel
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Medical Services, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
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Mousavian AH, Shafiee G, Sheidaei A, Balajam NZ, Ebrahimi M, Khatami F, Gohari K, Aryan A, Ghanbari-Motlagh A, Ostovar A, Aghamir SMK, Heshmat R. The 15-year national trends of urinary cancers incidence among Iranian men and women; 2005-2020. Int J Equity Health 2024; 23:13. [PMID: 38254127 PMCID: PMC10804628 DOI: 10.1186/s12939-023-02084-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Urinary tract cancers including bladder, kidney, ureter, and pelvis are a common malignancy worldwide with high mortality ratio. Aimed to investigate the prevalence of these cancers, we conducted this study. METHODS In this study, all the information related to ICD10 codes, gender, age and province of residence of individuals were obtained from the data of Iran's cancer registry by the Ministry of Health, Medicine and Medical Education and demographic evidence for each sub-country from the reports of Statistics Center of Iran (SCI). Also, the data of two Iranian national survey studies CASPIAN-III, IV, and V (information related to the care and prevention of non-communicable diseases (NCD) in childhood and adolescence) and STEPs (including information on NCD in adults over 18 years old) were used. The data was analyzed using Poisson regression with mixed effects to estimate the incidence of cancers. RESULTS Bladder and kidney neoplasm are the most common cancers of the urinary system in Iran. The prevalence of bladder cancer has increased from 5.82 to 11.50 per 100,000 individuals. The increasing trend is growing faster in men compared with women. The incidence of kidney neoplasm has increased over the years (2.03 in 2005 vs. 7.02 in 2020 per 100,000). Having a higher incidence ratio compared with bladder cancer, kidney cancer is responsible for 35.06% of all urinary cancers in 2020 compared with 23.71% in 2005. Both neoplasms of the ureter and renal pelvis were recorded rarely and with lower incidence in both sexes during this period. CONCLUSION Considering the increasing trend in the incidence of urinary neoplasms in Iran during these years, the advantage of focusing on the risk of urinary cancers is highlighted. Therefore, investigating the prevalence and incidence of urinary cancers to plan and manage these cancers will result in prevention and reduction of the disease burden on the Iranian society. Future studies in this field can help in the prevention and well-timed diagnosis of these cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir-Hossein Mousavian
- Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gita Shafiee
- Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Sheidaei
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Narges Zargar Balajam
- Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Ebrahimi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Khatami
- Urology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kimiya Gohari
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alisam Aryan
- Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Ghanbari-Motlagh
- Department of Radiotherapy, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Afshin Ostovar
- Osteoporosis Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Ramin Heshmat
- Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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7
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Jensen HAR, Horsbøl TA, Thygesen LC, Davidsen M, Christensen AI, Ekholm O. Variations in the agreement of self-reported cancer: A Danish nationwide study. Int J Cancer 2024; 154:217-225. [PMID: 37594073 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies show that the agreement between self-reported and registry-documented diseases varies across diseases. Few studies have addressed these challenges across site-specific cancer diagnoses. The present study aimed to examine the sensitivity and negative predictive value (NPV) of self-reported cancer in a Danish nationwide survey among adults aged ≥16 years, using registry data as the criterion standard. Moreover, the influence of sociodemographic variables and time since diagnosis on sensitivity was explored using multiple logistic regression models. Self-reported data on cancer history of any site were derived from the Danish National Health Survey 2017 (n = 183 372). Individual-level survey data were linked to data from the Danish Cancer Registry on 10 site-specific cancer diagnoses. NPV was consistently high ≥99.5% across the included cancer diagnoses. In contrast, sensitivity varied greatly and was lowest for cancer in brain/central nervous system (CNS) among both men (25.6%) and women (23.9%) and highest for rectal cancer among men (96.9%) and for breast cancer among women (98.9%). Sensitivity was also relatively low for nonmelanoma skin cancer (41.4% among men; 44.6% among women) and urinary tract cancer (60.0% among men; 60.4% among women). When restricting diagnostic definitions for cancer in brain/CNS and urinary tract cancer to include only malignant neoplasms, sensitivity increased. For several cancer diagnoses, sensitivity decreased with increasing age and lower educational level, whereas conflicting results were observed for time from diagnosis to self-report. Future studies are encouraged to use self-reported cancer history data with caution and for example, include questions on only site-specific cancer diagnoses with high sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lau Caspar Thygesen
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Michael Davidsen
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | | | - Ola Ekholm
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen K, Denmark
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8
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Musheyev D, Pan A, Loeb S, Kabarriti AE. How Well Do Artificial Intelligence Chatbots Respond to the Top Search Queries About Urological Malignancies? Eur Urol 2024; 85:13-16. [PMID: 37567827 DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2023.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots are becoming a popular source of information but there are limited data on the quality of information on urological malignancies that they provide. Our objective was to characterize the quality of information and detect misinformation about prostate, bladder, kidney, and testicular cancers from four AI chatbots: ChatGPT, Perplexity, Chat Sonic, and Microsoft Bing AI. We used the top five search queries related to prostate, bladder, kidney, and testicular cancers according to Google Trends from January 2021 to January 2023 and input them into the AI chatbots. Responses were evaluated for quality, understandability, actionability, misinformation, and readability using published instruments. AI chatbot responses had moderate to high information quality (median DISCERN score 4 out of 5, range 2-5) and lacked misinformation. Understandability was moderate (median Patient Education Material Assessment Tool for Printable Materials [PEMAT-P] understandability 66.7%, range 44.4-90.9%) and actionability was moderate to poor (median PEMAT-P actionability 40%, range 0-40%The responses were written at a fairly difficult reading level. AI chatbots produce information that is generally accurate and of moderate to high quality in response to the top urological malignancy-related search queries, but the responses lack clear, actionable instructions and exceed the reading level recommended for consumer health information. PATIENT SUMMARY: Artificial intelligence chatbots produce information that is generally accurate and of moderately high quality in response to popular Google searches about urological cancers. However, their responses are fairly difficult to read, are moderately hard to understand, and lack clear instructions for users to act on.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Musheyev
- Department of Urology, State University of New York Downstate Health Sciences University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alexander Pan
- Department of Urology, State University of New York Downstate Health Sciences University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Stacy Loeb
- Department of Urology, New York University and Manhattan Veterans Affairs, New York, NY, USA; Department of Population Health, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Abdo E Kabarriti
- Department of Urology, State University of New York Downstate Health Sciences University, New York, NY, USA.
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Matos AC, Lorigo J, Marques IA, Abrantes AM, Jóia-Gomes M, Sa-Couto P, Gonçalves AC, Valentim A, Tavares-Silva E, Figueiredo A, Pires AS, Botelho MF. Anti-Algics in the Therapeutic Response of Breast and Urological Cancers. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:468. [PMID: 38203640 PMCID: PMC10778606 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The effect of anti-algics on tumor progression and the overall survival of patients is controversial and remains unclear. Herein, we disclose the in vitro effects of the local anesthetics lidocaine, ropivacaine, and levobupivacaine on breast (MCF7), prostate (PC3, LNCaP), and bladder (TCCSUP, HT1376) cancer cell lines, both as monotherapy and in combination with standard-of-care therapeutics. Assays for cell proliferation, viability, death profile, and migration were performed. Additionally, we explored the clinical outcomes of opioid use through a cross-sectional study involving 200 metastatic prostate cancer patients. The main clinical data collected included the type of opioid therapy administered, dosage, treatment duration, disease progression, and overall survival. Results obtained demonstrate that treatment with local anesthetics has a promising selective anti-tumor effect on these types of cancer, with higher effects when associated with docetaxel. This points out the use of local anesthetics as an added value in the treatment of prostate carcinoma patients. Alternatively, chronic opioid use was correlated with reduced overall survival (p < 0.05) and progression-free survival (p < 0.05) at each treatment line in the observational study. While these results provide valuable insights, larger prospective studies are imperative to comprehensively evaluate the clinical impact of opioid analgesics in prostate cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Catarina Matos
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Area of Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Biophysics Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal (I.A.M.); (A.M.A.); (E.T.-S.); (A.F.); (M.F.B.)
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal;
| | - João Lorigo
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra (CHUC), 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal;
| | - Inês Alexandra Marques
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Area of Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Biophysics Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal (I.A.M.); (A.M.A.); (E.T.-S.); (A.F.); (M.F.B.)
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal;
| | - Ana Margarida Abrantes
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Area of Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Biophysics Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal (I.A.M.); (A.M.A.); (E.T.-S.); (A.F.); (M.F.B.)
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal;
| | - Matilde Jóia-Gomes
- Department of Mathematics, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
| | - Pedro Sa-Couto
- Center for Research & Development in Mathematics and Applications (CIDMA), Department of Mathematics, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
| | - Ana Cristina Gonçalves
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Area of Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Laboratory of Oncobiology and Hematology and University Clinics of Hematology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Valentim
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Anaesthesiology Service, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra (CHUC), 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Edgar Tavares-Silva
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Area of Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Biophysics Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal (I.A.M.); (A.M.A.); (E.T.-S.); (A.F.); (M.F.B.)
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra (CHUC), 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal;
| | - Arnaldo Figueiredo
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Area of Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Biophysics Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal (I.A.M.); (A.M.A.); (E.T.-S.); (A.F.); (M.F.B.)
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra (CHUC), 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal;
| | - Ana Salomé Pires
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Area of Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Biophysics Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal (I.A.M.); (A.M.A.); (E.T.-S.); (A.F.); (M.F.B.)
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal;
| | - Maria Filomena Botelho
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Area of Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Biophysics Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal (I.A.M.); (A.M.A.); (E.T.-S.); (A.F.); (M.F.B.)
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal;
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10
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Cano Garcia C, Tappero S, Piccinelli ML, Barletta F, Incesu RB, Morra S, Scheipner L, Baudo A, Tian Z, Hoeh B, Chierigo F, Sorce G, Saad F, Shariat SF, Carmignani L, Ahyai S, Longo N, Tilki D, Briganti A, De Cobell O, Dell'Oglio P, Mandel P, Terrone C, Chun FKH, Karakiewicz PI. ASO Visual Abstract: In-Hospital Venous Thromboembolism and Pulmonary Embolism After Major Urological Cancer Surgery. Ann Surg Oncol 2023; 30:8789-8790. [PMID: 37743458 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-023-14315-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Cano Garcia
- Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, Division of Urology, University of Montréal Health Center, Montréal, QC, Canada.
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Stefano Tappero
- Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, Division of Urology, University of Montréal Health Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Urology, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
- Department of Surgical and Diagnostic Integrated Sciences (DISC), University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Mattia Luca Piccinelli
- Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, Division of Urology, University of Montréal Health Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Urology, IEO European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Barletta
- Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, Division of Urology, University of Montréal Health Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Unit of Urology/Division of Oncology, Gianfranco Soldera Prostate Cancer Lab, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Reha-Baris Incesu
- Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, Division of Urology, University of Montréal Health Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Martini-Klinik Prostate Cancer Center, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Simone Morra
- Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, Division of Urology, University of Montréal Health Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, Urology Unit, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Lukas Scheipner
- Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, Division of Urology, University of Montréal Health Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Urology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Andrea Baudo
- Department of Urology, IRCCS Ospedale Galeazzi - Sant'Ambrogio, Milan, Italy
- Department of Urology, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Milan, Italy
| | - Zhe Tian
- Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, Division of Urology, University of Montréal Health Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Benedikt Hoeh
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Francesco Chierigo
- Department of Urology, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy
| | - Gabriele Sorce
- Unit of Urology/Division of Oncology, Gianfranco Soldera Prostate Cancer Lab, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Fred Saad
- Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, Division of Urology, University of Montréal Health Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Shahrokh F Shariat
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX, USA
- Hourani Center of Applied Scientific Research, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Luca Carmignani
- Department of Urology, IRCCS Ospedale Galeazzi - Sant'Ambrogio, Milan, Italy
- Department of Urology, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Milan, Italy
| | - Sascha Ahyai
- Department of Urology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Nicola Longo
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, Urology Unit, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Derya Tilki
- Martini-Klinik Prostate Cancer Center, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Urology, Koc University Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Alberto Briganti
- Unit of Urology/Division of Oncology, Gianfranco Soldera Prostate Cancer Lab, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Ottavio De Cobell
- Department of Urology, IEO European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Dell'Oglio
- Department of Urology, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy
- Department of Urology, Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Interventional Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Philipp Mandel
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Carlo Terrone
- Department of Urology, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
- Department of Surgical and Diagnostic Integrated Sciences (DISC), University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Felix K H Chun
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Pierre I Karakiewicz
- Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, Division of Urology, University of Montréal Health Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
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11
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Zhou Y, Feng H, Bu L, Xie X. Perivascular epithelioid cell tumor of the pelvis mimicking urological cancer on 18 F-FDG PET/CT: A case report. Asian J Surg 2023; 46:5477-5478. [PMID: 37541877 DOI: 10.1016/j.asjsur.2023.07.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhou
- PET-CT/MRI Center & Molecular Imaging Center, Wuhan University Renmin Hospital, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Hongyan Feng
- PET-CT/MRI Center & Molecular Imaging Center, Wuhan University Renmin Hospital, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Lihong Bu
- PET-CT/MRI Center & Molecular Imaging Center, Wuhan University Renmin Hospital, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China.
| | - Xinli Xie
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China.
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12
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Furlong MA, Liu T, Snider JM, Tfaily MM, Itson C, Beitel S, Parsawar K, Keck K, Galligan J, Walker DI, Gulotta JJ, Burgess JL. Evaluating changes in firefighter urinary metabolomes after structural fires: an untargeted, high resolution approach. Sci Rep 2023; 13:20872. [PMID: 38012297 PMCID: PMC10682406 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47799-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Firefighters have elevated rates of urinary tract cancers and other adverse health outcomes, which may be attributable to environmental occupational exposures. Untargeted metabolomics was applied to characterize this suite of environmental exposures and biological changes in response to occupational firefighting. 200 urine samples from 100 firefighters collected at baseline and two to four hours post-fire were analyzed using untargeted liquid-chromatography and high-resolution mass spectrometry. Changes in metabolite abundance after a fire were estimated with fixed effects linear regression, with false discovery rate (FDR) adjustment. Partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was also used, and variable important projection (VIP) scores were extracted. Systemic changes were evaluated using pathway enrichment for highly discriminating metabolites. Metabolome-wide-association-study (MWAS) identified 268 metabolites associated with firefighting activity at FDR q < 0.05. Of these, 20 were annotated with high confidence, including the amino acids taurine, proline, and betaine; the indoles kynurenic acid and indole-3-acetic acid; the known uremic toxins trimethylamine n-oxide and hippuric acid; and the hormone 7a-hydroxytestosterone. Partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) additionally implicated choline, cortisol, and other hormones. Significant pathways included metabolism of urea cycle/amino group, alanine and aspartate, aspartate and asparagine, vitamin b3 (nicotinate and nicotinamide), and arginine and proline. Firefighters show a broad metabolic response to fires, including altered excretion of indole compounds and uremic toxins. Implicated pathways and features, particularly uremic toxins, may be important regulators of firefighter's increased risk for urinary tract cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa A Furlong
- Environmental Health Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, 1295 N Martin Ave, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA.
| | - Tuo Liu
- Environmental Health Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, 1295 N Martin Ave, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA
| | - Justin M Snider
- School of Nutritional Sciences and Wellness, University of Arizona, Tucson, USA
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, USA
| | - Malak M Tfaily
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, USA
| | - Christian Itson
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, USA
| | - Shawn Beitel
- Environmental Health Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, 1295 N Martin Ave, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA
| | - Krishna Parsawar
- Analytical and Biological Mass Spectrometry Core, University of Arizona, Tucson, USA
| | - Kristen Keck
- Analytical and Biological Mass Spectrometry Core, University of Arizona, Tucson, USA
| | | | - Douglas I Walker
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Jefferey L Burgess
- Environmental Health Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, 1295 N Martin Ave, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA
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13
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Liu HL, Song YN, Wang XX, Li M. [Effects of whole-course multimodal analgesia on postoperative pain and rapid recovery in elderly patients with urological tumors]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2023; 103:3245-3251. [PMID: 37926566 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20230725-00089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of whole-course multimodal analgesia on postoperative pain and rapid recovery in elderly patients undergoing radical resection of urological tumors. Methods: The 132 geriatric patients (aged≥65 years) with urological tumors undergone laparoscopic surgery in Peking University Third Hospital from January to June 2022 were analyzed retrospectively. Patients were divided into three groups based on the perioperative analgesia protocol. Group C [n=54, 45 males and 9 females, aged 72 (68, 76) years]: patients were treated with local anesthetic wounds infiltration (LAWI) and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Group P [n=36, 26 males and 10 females, aged 70 (67, 72) years]: patients received patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) on the basis of LAWI and NSAIDs. Group M [n=42, 30 males and 12 females, aged 70 (68, 73) years]: patients received whole-course multimodal analgesia, including peripheral nerve block (PNB) preoperatively and PCIA+NSAIDs for postoperative analgesia. The postoperative resting pain (numerical rating scale, NRS) on postoperative day 1 and 2, the rate of demand for analgesic rescue and sleep aid medication, the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting within 48 hours after surgery were collected and analyzed. Postoperative recovery conditions included the laboratory indicators within 24 hours after surgery, the defecation time, the drainage tube removal time, the activities of daily living (ADL) score at discharge, the postoperative complications and the length of hospital stay. Results: The resting NRS [M (Q1, Q3)] on the 1st and 2nd day postoperatively for patients in group M were 2 (1, 3) and 1 (0, 2) respectively. In contrast, patients in group C had NRS of 4 (3, 5) and 2 (1, 4), while those in group P had scores of 3 (2, 4) and 2 (1, 3). Compared with group C and group P, the resting NRS of patients in group M was significantly decreased (all P<0.001). The incidence of resting NRS≥4 in group M on the 1st and 2nd day postoperatively were 23.8% (10/42) and 11.9% (5/42) respectively, which were lower than those of 51.9% (28/54), 35.2% (19/54) in group C and 33.3%(14/36), 16.7% (7/36) in group P (all P<0.05). The demand rate for analgesic rescue and sleep aid medication within 48 hours after surgery, the incidence of postoperative complications and the postoperative hospital stay were 47.6% (20/42), 9.5% (4/42), 21.4% (9/42), and 5 (4, 6) d in group M, which were lower than those of 72.2% (39/54), 29.6% (16/54), 46.3% (25/54), 6 (5, 9) in group C, and 66.7% (24/36), 27.8% (10/36), 27.8% (10/36), 6 (5, 7) in group P (all P<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting, the laboratory indicators within 24 hours after surgery, the defecation time, the drainage tube removal time, the ADL score and the length of hospital stay among three groups (all P>0.05). Conclusion: For elderly patients with urological tumors undergoing radical surgery, whole-course multimodal analgesia can improve postoperative pain within 48 hours, reduce postoperative complications, shorten postoperative hospital stay, and accelerate patient recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- H L Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Y N Song
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - X X Wang
- Clinical Epidemiology Research Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - M Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
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14
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Taneja SS. Urologic Oncology: Prostate Cancer. J Urol 2023; 210:822-824. [PMID: 37622534 DOI: 10.1097/ju.0000000000003675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
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15
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Minami T, Inoue M, Yamaji T, Iwasaki M, Tsugane S, Sawada N. Reproductive Factors in the Risk of Bladder Cancer and Upper Urinary Tract Cancer: The Japan Public Health Center-Based Prospective Study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023; 32:1572-1582. [PMID: 37623931 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-23-0201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reproductive factors are hypothesized to play a role in the incidence of bladder cancer and upper urinary tract cancer (UUTC, together, urothelial cancer). However, evidence regarding these associations is limited, particularly in Asian populations. METHODS We analyzed data from 55,882 females ages 40 to 69 years, and performed Cox proportional hazards regression analyses with three types of adjustment, namely age; reproductive factor of interest and covariates in addition to age (conventional model); and other reproductive factors in addition to the multivariable adjusted model (reproductive model). RESULTS During an average of 20.2 years of follow-up, 194 urothelial cancer cases (145 bladder cancer cases and 49 UUTC cases) were identified. Early age at natural menopause (<44 years, compared with 49-51 years) increased bladder cancer risk in the reproductive model (HR, 2.09; 95% CI, 1.04-4.20). An association between urothelial cancer/bladder cancer and age at menopause, including both natural and surgical/induced, was significant in the reproductive model (HR, 1.74; 95% CI, 1.09-2.77; and HR, 1.94; 95% CI, 1.15-3.28, respectively). Early age at natural menopause was suggested to increase urothelial cancer risk in the reproductive model (HR, 1.78; 95% CI, 0.93-3.42). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest a significant association between age at menopause and incidence of urothelial cancer/bladder cancer among Asian populations. This study aids understanding the role of reproductive factors in urothelial cancer/bladder cancer incidence. IMPACT In Japanese populations, age at menopause is suggested to be associated with urothelial cancer/bladder cancer incidence, especially regarding early natural menopause.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuji Minami
- Division of Prevention, Institute for Cancer Control, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Division of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Manami Inoue
- Division of Prevention, Institute for Cancer Control, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Division of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Cohort Research, Institute for Cancer Control, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taiki Yamaji
- Division of Epidemiology, Institute for Cancer Control, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Motoki Iwasaki
- Division of Cohort Research, Institute for Cancer Control, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Epidemiology, Institute for Cancer Control, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shoichiro Tsugane
- Division of Cohort Research, Institute for Cancer Control, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
- National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Norie Sawada
- Division of Cohort Research, Institute for Cancer Control, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
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16
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Sun L, Liu X, Liu S, Chen X, Li Z. Rapid Diagnosis of Urinary Tract Cancers on a LEGO-Inspired Detection Platform via Chemiresistive Profiling of Volatile Metabolites. Anal Chem 2023; 95:14822-14829. [PMID: 37738107 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c03252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Rapid and in situ profiling of volatile metabolites from body fluids represents a new trend in cancer diagnosis and classification in the early stages. We report herein an on-chip strategy that combines an array of conductive nanosensors with a chaotic gas micromixer for real-time monitoring of volatiles from urine and for accurate diagnosis and classification of urinary tract cancers. By integrating a class of LEGO-inspired microchambers immobilized with MXene-based sensing nanofilms and zigzag microfluidic gas channels, it enables the intensive intermingling of volatile organic chemicals with sensor elements that tremendously facilitate their ion-dipole interactions for molecular recognition. Aided with an all-in-one, point-of-care platform and an effective machine-learning algorithm, healthy or diseased samples from subpopulations (i.e., tumor subtypes, staging, lymph node metastasis, and distant metastasis) of urinary tract cancers can be reliably fingerprinted in a few minutes with high sensitivity and specificity. The developed detection platform has proven to be a noninvasive supplement to the liquid biopsies available for facile screening of urinary tract cancers, which holds great potential for large-scale personalized healthcare in low-resource areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Sun
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, 3688 Nanhai Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, P. R. China
| | - Xueliang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Xinxiang Medical University, 601 Jinsui Road, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, P. R. China
| | - Sihui Liu
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, 3688 Nanhai Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofeng Chen
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, 3688 Nanhai Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, P. R. China
| | - Zheng Li
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, 3688 Nanhai Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, P. R. China
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17
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Taneja SS. Urologic Oncology: Prostate Cancer. J Urol 2023; 210:717. [PMID: 37503946 DOI: 10.1097/ju.0000000000003633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
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18
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Jia Y, Yao P, Li J, Wei X, Liu X, Wu H, Wang W, Feng C, Li C, Zhang Y, Cai Y, Zhang S, Ma X. Causal associations of Sjögren's syndrome with cancers: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Arthritis Res Ther 2023; 25:171. [PMID: 37715206 PMCID: PMC10503000 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-023-03157-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several observational studies have explored the associations between Sjögren's syndrome (SS) and certain cancers. Nevertheless, the causal relationships remain unclear. Mendelian randomization (MR) method was used to investigate the causality between SS and different types of cancers. METHODS We conducted the two-sample Mendelian randomization with the public genome-wide association studies (GWASs) summary statistics in European population to evaluate the causality between SS and nine types of cancers. The sample size varies from 1080 to 372,373. The inverse variance weighted (IVW) method was used to estimate the causal effects. A Bonferroni-corrected threshold of P < 0.0031 was considered significant, and P value between 0.0031 and 0.05 was considered to be suggestive of an association. Sensitivity analysis was performed to validate the causality. Moreover, additional analysis was used to assess the associations between SS and well-accepted risk factors of cancers. RESULTS After correcting the heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy, the results indicated that patients with SS were significantly associated with an increased risk of lymphomas (odds ratio [OR] = 1.0010, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.0005-1.0015, P = 0.0002) and reduced risks of prostate cancer (OR = 0.9972, 95% CI: 0.9960-0.9985, P = 2.45 × 10-5) and endometrial cancer (OR = 0.9414, 95% CI: 0.9158-0.9676, P = 1.65 × 10-5). Suggestive associations were found in liver and bile duct cancer (OR = 0.9999, 95% CI: 0.9997-1.0000, P = 0.0291) and cancer of urinary tract (OR = 0.9996, 95% CI: 0.9992-1.0000, P = 0.0281). No causal effect of SS on other cancer types was detected. Additional MR analysis indicated that causal effects between SS and cancers were not mediated by the well-accepted risk factors of cancers. No evidence of the causal relationship was observed for cancers on SS. CONCLUSIONS SS had significant causal relationships with lymphomas, prostate cancer, and endometrial cancer, and suggestive evidence of association was found in liver and bile duct cancer and cancer of urinary tract, indicating that SS may play a vital role in the incidence of these malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwei Jia
- Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710004, People's Republic of China
| | - Peizhuo Yao
- Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710004, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Li
- Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710004, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyu Wei
- Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710004, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuanyu Liu
- Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710004, People's Republic of China
| | - Huizi Wu
- Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710004, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiwei Wang
- Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710004, People's Republic of China
| | - Cong Feng
- Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710004, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaofan Li
- Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yifan Cai
- Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710004, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuqun Zhang
- Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710004, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xingcong Ma
- Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710004, People's Republic of China.
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19
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Mingdong W, Xiang G, Yongjun Q, Mingshuai W, Hao P. Causal associations between gut microbiota and urological tumors: a two-sample mendelian randomization study. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:854. [PMID: 37697271 PMCID: PMC10496293 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11383-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dysbiosis of gut microbiota has been linked to numerous diseases, including cancer. The unique role of gut microbiota in urological tumors is gaining prominence. However, it is still controversial whether the dysbiosis of gut microbiota should be one of the etiological factors of bladder cancer (BCa), prostate cancer (PCa) or kidney cancer (KCa). MATERIALS AND METHODS The microbiome genome-wide association study (GWAS) from the MiBioGen consortium (18,340 samples of 24 population-based cohorts) was utilized as the exposure data. Additionally, outcomes data (951 BCa cases and 307,092 controls; 1,631 KCa cases and 238,678 controls; 79,148 PCa cases and 61,106 controls) were extracted from the GWAS of the FinnGen and PRACTICAL consortia. To detect the potential causative bacterial traits for BCa, PCa, and KCa, a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was performed, employing the inverse-variance weighted or Wald ratio method. Sensitivity analyses were subsequently conducted to explore the robustness of the primary results. Finally, the reverse MR analysis was undertaken to mitigate the reverse causation. RESULTS This study suggested that Bifidobacterium (p = 0.030), Actinobacteria (p = 0.037 for phylum, 0.041 for class), and Ruminococcustorques group (p = 0.018), exhibited an association with an increased risk of BCa using either the inverse-variance weighted or Wald ratio method. By utilizing the Wald ratio method, Allisonella (p = 0.004, p = 0.038) was associated with a decreased risk of BCa and PCa, respectively. Furthermore, Ruminococcustorques group (p = 0.028) and Erysipelatoclostridium (p = 0.048) were causally linked to an elevated risk of KCa. CONCLUSIONS This MR study supports that genetically predicted gut microbiota is causally related to BCa, PCa and KCa. Additionally, distinct bacterial traits are identified in relation to each tumor type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Mingdong
- Department of Urology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Gao Xiang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Quan Yongjun
- Department of Urology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wang Mingshuai
- Department of Urology, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Hao
- Department of Urology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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Taneja SS. Urologic Oncology: Prostate Cancer. J Urol 2023; 210:565-567. [PMID: 37334535 DOI: 10.1097/ju.0000000000003587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
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21
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Xia C, Zhao X, Li B, Qi B, Hong Y. Loneliness, spiritual well-being, and death perception, as well as their risk factors in urological cancer patients. Braz J Med Biol Res 2023; 56:e12915. [PMID: 37585919 PMCID: PMC10427158 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x2023e12915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer patients commonly suffer from loneliness, poor spiritual status, and fear of death; however, these evaluations are rarely revealed in urological cancer patients. Thus, this study aimed to assess the loneliness, spiritual well-being, and death perception, as well as their risk factors in urological cancer patients. A total of 324 urological (including renal, bladder, and prostate) cancer patients and 100 healthy controls were included. The University of California and Los Angeles loneliness scale (UCLA-LS), functional assessment of chronic illness therapy-spiritual well-being (FACIT-Sp), and death attitude profile-revised (DAP-R) scores were evaluated. The results showed that the UCLA-LS score was higher, but the FACIT-Sp score was lower in urological cancer patients than in healthy controls. According to the DAP-R score, fear of death, death avoidance, and approaching death acceptance were elevated, but neutral acceptance was lower in urological cancer patients than in healthy controls. Among urological cancer patients, the UCLA-LS score was highest but the FACIT-Sp score was lowest in bladder cancer patients; regarding the DAP-R score, fear of death and death avoidance were highest, but approaching death acceptance was lowest in bladder cancer patients. Interestingly, single/divorced/widowed status, bladder cancer diagnosis, higher pathological grade, surgery, systemic treatment, and local treatment were independent factors for higher UCLA-LS score or lower FACIT-Sp score. In conclusion, urological cancer (especially bladder cancer) patients bear increased loneliness and reduced spiritual well-being; they also carry higher fear of death, death avoidance, and approaching death acceptance but lower neutral acceptance of death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunmei Xia
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xu Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Boyi Li
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Bingjie Qi
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yujia Hong
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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Klümper N, Cox A, Eckstein M. Reply to Mattias Höglund's Letter to the Editor re: Alexander Cox, Niklas Klümper, Johannes Stein, et al. Molecular Urothelial Tumor Cell Subtypes Remain Stable During Metastatic Evolution. Eur Urol. In press. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2023.03.020. Eur Urol 2023; 84:e51-e52. [PMID: 37244816 DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2023.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Klümper
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany; Institute of Experimental Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany; Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen/Bonn/Cologne/Düsseldorf, Bonn, Germany; BRIDGE Consortium Germany e.V, Mannheim, Germany.
| | - Alexander Cox
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany; Institute of Experimental Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Markus Eckstein
- BRIDGE Consortium Germany e.V, Mannheim, Germany; Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany; Bavarian Center for Cancer Research, Munich, Germany
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Höglund M. Re: Alexander Cox, Niklas Klümper, Johannes Stein, et al. Molecular Urothelial Tumor Cell Subtypes Remain Stable During Metastatic Evolution. Eur Urol. In press. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2023.03.020. Eur Urol 2023; 84:e50. [PMID: 37268487 DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2023.04.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mattias Höglund
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Oncology and Pathology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
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Taneja SS. Urologic Oncology: Prostate Cancer. J Urol 2023; 210:218-220. [PMID: 37133793 DOI: 10.1097/ju.0000000000003477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
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Dummer TJB, Yu X, Cui Y, Nauta L, Saint-Jacques N, Sweeney Magee M, Rainham DGC. Traffic-Related Air Pollution and Risk of Lung, Breast, and Urinary Tract Cancer in Halifax, Nova Scotia. J Occup Environ Med 2023; 65:e485-e490. [PMID: 37072926 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000002867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We assessed the association of traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) with the incidence of lung, breast, and urinary tract cancer in Halifax, Nova Scotia. METHODS Our case-control study included 2315 cancers and 8501 age-sex-matched controls. Land-use regression was used to estimate TRAP concentrations. Logistic regression was used to assess cancer risk in relation to TRAP, adjusting for community social and material deprivation. RESULTS There was no association between the risk of lung, breast, or urinary tract cancer in relation to TRAP. Lung cancer risk was significantly increased in the most deprived communities, whereas breast cancer risk was highest in the least deprived communities. CONCLUSIONS In a city characterized by low levels of ambient air pollution, there was no evidence of a linear increased lung, breast, or urinary tract cancer risk in relation to TRAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trevor J B Dummer
- From the School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (T.J.B.D., X.Y., M.S.M.); Population Cancer Research Program, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada (Y.C., L.N.); Nova Scotia Health Cancer Care Program, Nova Scotia Health, Halifax, Canada (N.S.-J.); and Healthy Populations Institute and School of Health and Human Performance, Faculty of Health, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada (D.G.C.R.)
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Fukuokaya W, Yanagisawa T, Hashimoto M, Yamamoto S, Koike Y, Imai Y, Iwatani K, Onuma H, Ito K, Urabe F, Tsuzuki S, Kimura S, Miki J, Oyama Y, Abe H, Kimura T. Effectiveness of pembrolizumab in trial-ineligible patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2023; 72:841-849. [PMID: 36102985 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-022-03291-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The KEYNOTE-045 trial showed that pembrolizumab therapy improved the survival of patients with advanced urothelial carcinoma (UC). However, its effectiveness in trial-ineligible patients remains unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted a multicenter retrospective study to evaluate the effectiveness of pembrolizumab in patients with metastatic UC who were trial-ineligible. The data of 164 consecutive patients with platinum-treated metastatic UC who received pembrolizumab as second-line therapy were analyzed. Trial eligibility was assessed using the KEYNOTE-045 criteria. Inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) was used to balance patient characteristics. Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were examined using the IPTW-adjusted Kaplan-Meier method. IPTW-adjusted restricted mean survival times (RMSTs) were compared between ineligible and eligible patients. RESULTS Seventy-five patients (45.7%) were classified as ineligible based on the KEYNOTE-045 criteria. Baseline hemoglobin concentration of less than 9.0 g/dL was the most common reason for trial protocol violation (N = 23 [14.0%]). An IPTW-adjusted logistic regression model showed that the trial-eligibility was not significantly associated with objective response (OR: 0.65, 95% CI: 0.32 to 1.29, P = 0.22). Ineligible patients had similar RMST for PFS (difference: 3.8 months, 95% CI: -1.6 to 9.3, P = 0.17) and RMST for OS (difference: 1.4 months, 95% CI: -5.4 to 8.2, P = 0.93) compared with eligible patients. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that the effectiveness of pembrolizumab may be retained in ineligible patients with platinum-treated metastatic UC. Expanding trial eligibility criteria for these patients may be beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wataru Fukuokaya
- Department of Urology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan.
| | - Takafumi Yanagisawa
- Department of Urology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Masaki Hashimoto
- Department of Urology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Shutaro Yamamoto
- Department of Urology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Yuhei Koike
- Department of Urology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Yu Imai
- Department of Urology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Kosuke Iwatani
- Department of Urology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Hajime Onuma
- Department of Urology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Kagenori Ito
- Department of Urology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Urabe
- Department of Urology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Tsuzuki
- Department of Urology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Shoji Kimura
- Department of Urology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Jun Miki
- Department of Urology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Yu Oyama
- Department of Medical Oncology, Kameda Medical Center, 929 Higashi-cho, Kamogawa City, Chiba, 296-8602, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Abe
- Department of Urology, Kameda Medical Center, 929 Higashi-cho, Kamogawa City, Chiba, 296-8602, Japan
| | - Takahiro Kimura
- Department of Urology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
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Taneja SS. Urologic Oncology: Prostate Cancer. J Urol 2023; 209:807-809. [PMID: 36695094 DOI: 10.1097/ju.0000000000003180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Ouanes Y, Chaker K, Yaich S, Foued D, Marrak M, Nouira Y. Predictive factors of bladder tumor recurrence after radical treatment of upper urinary tract cancer. Tunis Med 2023; 101:356-361. [PMID: 38263921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The main problem after Radical Nephroureterectomy (RNU) for localized non-metastatic upper urinary tract urothelial cancer (NM-UUT-UC) is bladder recurrence. AIM To identify factors of bladder recurrence of localized NM-UUT-UC after radical treatment. METHODS It is an analytical and observational study that was conducted in the department of urology of La Rabta Hospital in Tunis. We collected the data of patients diagnosed with localized NM-UUT-UC who had RNU between 2005 and 2019. RESULTS The mean age of the 73 eligible patients was 68 years (±11). The sex ratio was 5/2. Macroscopic hematuria was the revealing clinical sign in 66% of patients, while low back pain was the most frequent sign in 88% of patients. The most frequent tumor stage was pT1 in 20 patients while 32% of them had a pT2-T3 stage. Bladder recurrence was reported in 22% of patients with a median time of nine months [4-27] and extremes of three and 69 months. Factors of bladder recurrence in the univariate analysis were smoking, tumor localization in the ureter and the extravesical excision of the intramural ureter and bladder cuff. On multivariate analysis, the only independent predictor of bladder tumor recurrence was ureteral location (OR=3.65; CI95%=[1.02-13.1] ; p=0.047). CONCLUSION Tumor localization in the ureter was an independent predictor of bladder recurrence after radical treatment for localized NM-UUT-UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yassine Ouanes
- Department of Urology, La Rabta Hospital. Tunis, Tunisia, University of Tunis El Manar, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Kays Chaker
- Department of Urology, La Rabta Hospital. Tunis, Tunisia, University of Tunis El Manar, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Slaheddine Yaich
- Department of Urology, La Rabta Hospital. Tunis, Tunisia, University of Tunis El Manar, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Daly Foued
- Department of Cardiology, La Rabta Hospital. Tunis, Tunisia, University of Tunis El Manar, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Mahdi Marrak
- Department of Urology, La Rabta Hospital. Tunis, Tunisia, University of Tunis El Manar, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Yassine Nouira
- Department of Urology, La Rabta Hospital. Tunis, Tunisia, University of Tunis El Manar, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunisia
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Lisanti CJ, Graeber A, Syed H, Moeck A, Rittel AG, Aden JK, Schwope R, Jellison F. What is the relative risk of urologic malignancy in microscopic hematuria patients after negative evaluation? A long-term population-based retrospective analysis of 8465 patients. Abdom Radiol (NY) 2023; 48:1011-1019. [PMID: 36592198 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-022-03793-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether microscopic hematuria (MH) patients with a negative initial evaluation have an elevated risk for urinary carcinoma. METHODS This is a population-based retrospective study with a matched control identified 8465 adults with an MH ICD code, an initial negative urinary malignancy work-up of cystoscopy and CT urography, and at least 35 months of clinical care. 8465 hematuria naïve controls were age, gender, and smoking status matched. Subsequent coding of non-prostatic urinary cancer, or any following hematuria codes: additional microscopic unspecified or unspecified hematuria, and gross hematuria was obtained. Χ2 tests were performed. RESULTS There was no statistically significant difference in urinary malignancy rates (p > 0.05). Any urinary cancer: cases 0.74% (63/8465; 95% CI 0.58-0.95%)/controls 0.83% (71/8465; 95% CI 0.66-1.04%%) (p = 0.54); bladder: 0.45%/0.47% (p = 0.82); renal: 0.31%/0.38% (p = 0.43); ureteral: 0.01%/0.02% (p = 0.56). Subsequent gross hematuria in both males and females increased the odds of cancer: males 2.35 (p = 0.001; CI 1.42-3.91); females 4.25 (p < 0.001; CI 1.94-9.34). Males without additional hematuria had decreased odds ratio: 0.32 (p = 0.001; CI 0.16-0.64). Females without additional hematuria 0.58 (p = 0.19; CI 0.26-1.30) and both genders with additional unspecified hematuria/microscopic hematuria males 1.02 (p = 0.97; CI 0.50-2.08) and females 1.00 (p = 0.99; CI 0.38-2.66) did not have increased odds ratios (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION MH patients with initial negative evaluation have a subsequent urologic malignancy rate of less than 1% and likely do not need further urinary evaluation unless they develop gross hematuria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Lisanti
- Brooke Army Medical Center, 3551 Roger Brooke Dr., Ft., Sam Houston, TX, USA.
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Adam Graeber
- Brooke Army Medical Center, 3551 Roger Brooke Dr., Ft., Sam Houston, TX, USA
| | - Helal Syed
- Brooke Army Medical Center, 3551 Roger Brooke Dr., Ft., Sam Houston, TX, USA
| | - Adam Moeck
- Brooke Army Medical Center, 3551 Roger Brooke Dr., Ft., Sam Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - James K Aden
- Brooke Army Medical Center, 3551 Roger Brooke Dr., Ft., Sam Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ryan Schwope
- Brooke Army Medical Center, 3551 Roger Brooke Dr., Ft., Sam Houston, TX, USA
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Le Bihan-Benjamin C, Rocchi M, Putton M, Méric JB, Bousquet PJ. Estimation of Oncologic Surgery Case Volume Before and After the COVID-19 Pandemic in France. JAMA Netw Open 2023; 6:e2253204. [PMID: 36701152 PMCID: PMC9880797 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.53204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE COVID-19 has had a major effect on health care activities, especially surgery. At first, comparisons were proposed using 2019 activities as the highest standard. However, while such an approach might have been suitable during the first months of the pandemic, this might no longer be the case for a longer period. OBJECTIVE To examine approaches that may better assess the use of cancer surgeries. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS In a cross-sectional design, the nationwide French hospital facility data (Medicalised Information System Program) were used to assess cancer surgery for 6 cancer site categories in adults from January 1, 2010, to December 31, 2021. EXPOSURE Estimated cancer surgery activity during the COVID-19 pandemic. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Three models were proposed to assess the expected number of surgical procedures between 2020 and 2021 and make a comparison with those observed in earlier years. RESULTS In France, cancer removal surgeries account for approximately 7000 hospitalizations per year for liver cancer; 4000 for pancreatic cancer; 7700 for ovarian cancer; 1300 for esophagus cancer; 23 000 for ear, nose, and throat (ENT) cancer; 78 000 for breast cancer; and 16 600 for thoracic cancers. For most cancer sites, the number of surgical procedures increased from 2010 to 2019: liver, 14%; pancreas, 38%; ovary, 14%; esophagus, 18%; breast, 8%; and thoracic, 29%. Assuming stability, these values underestimate the gap in activity observed in 2020-2021. For other procedures, a decrease was observed: stomach, -10%, and ENT, -6%. Assuming stability, these values overestimate the gap in activity observed in 2020-2021. At the end of 2021, according to the model, the gap in activity observed in 2020-2021 was estimated at between -1.4% and 1.7% for breast, -6.6% and -7.3% for thoracic, -3.1% and -2.5% for ovarian, -4.2% and -1.7% for pancreas, -6.7% and 5.9% for stomach, and -13.0% and -13.9% for esophageal cancers. For ENT, liver, and urologic cancers, because the trend was different before and after 2015, it was necessary to opt for modeling using only the most recent period. The cumulative gap in activity observed in 2020-2021 was estimated at -1.0% for ENT cancers, -5.3% for liver cancers, and -2.9% for urologic cancers. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE The findings of this study suggest that short- and medium-term trends must be considered to estimate COVID-19 cancer surgery activities. Breast cancer is the site for which the activity showed the smallest decrease during the pandemic, with almost full recovery in 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Le Bihan-Benjamin
- Health Data and Assessment Department, Survey Data Science and Assessment Division, National Cancer Institute, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Mathieu Rocchi
- Health Data and Assessment Department, Survey Data Science and Assessment Division, National Cancer Institute, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Maxime Putton
- Care Paths Organization Department, Public Health Division, National Cancer Institute, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Jean-Baptiste Méric
- Public Health Division, National Cancer Institute, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Philippe Jean Bousquet
- Survey Data Science and Assessment Division, National Cancer Institute, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
- Aix Marseille University, INSERM, IRD, Economics and Social Sciences Applied to Health & Analysis of Medical Information, Marseille, France
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Rubin MA, Amin MB, Compérat E, Gill A, Hartman A, Menon S, Raspollini M, Srigley J, Tan PH, Ticktoo S, Tsuzuki T, Turajlic S, Cree I, Berney D, Moch H, Netto GJ. Reply to Yongbao Wei, Haijian Huang, and Liefu Ye's Letter to the Editor re: George J. Netto, Mahul B. Amin, Daniel M. Berney, et al. The 2022 World Health Organization Classification of Tumors of the Urinary System and Male Genital Organs-Part B: Prostate and Urinary Tract Tumors. Eur Urol. 2022;82:469-82. Eur Urol 2023; 83:e16-e17. [PMID: 36202688 DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2022.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Rubin
- Department for BioMedical Research, Bern Center for Precision Medicine, University of Bern and Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Mahul B Amin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA; Department of Urology, USC Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Eva Compérat
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, General Hospital of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anthony Gill
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; NSW Health Pathology, Department of Anatomical Pathology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia; Pathology Group, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Arndt Hartman
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Santosh Menon
- Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Maria Raspollini
- Histopathology and Molecular Diagnostics, University Hospital Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | - John Srigley
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Puay Hoon Tan
- Division of Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
| | - Satish Ticktoo
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Toyonori Tsuzuki
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Aichi Medical University Hospital, Nagakut, Japan
| | - Samra Turajlic
- The Francis Crick Institute and The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Ian Cree
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Daniel Berney
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK; Department of Cellular Pathology, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Holger Moch
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - George J Netto
- Heersink School of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The current methodology used to detect, diagnose, and monitor many types of cancers requires invasive tissue biopsy testing. Recently, liquid biopsy using blood, plasma, urine, saliva, and various other bodily fluids has shown utility to solve many issues associated with tissue biopsy. Blood/plasma has received most of the attention within the liquid biopsy field, however, obtaining blood samples from patients is still somewhat invasive and requires trained professionals. Using urine to detect cell-free DNA cancer biomarkers offers a truly non-invasive sampling method that can be easily and reproducibly conducted by patients. CONTENT Novel technologies and approaches have made the detection of small quantities of cell-free tumor DNA of varying lengths possible. Recent studies using urine circulating tumor DNA to detect cancer mutations and other biomarkers have shown sensitivity comparable to blood/plasma cell-free DNA liquid biopsy for many cancer types. Thus, urine cell-free DNA liquid biopsy may replace or provide supplementary information to tissue/blood biopsies. Further investigation with larger patient cohorts and standardization of pre-analytical factors is necessary to determine the utility of urine cell-free DNA liquid biopsy for cancer detection, diagnosis, and monitoring in a clinical setting. SUMMARY In this mini-review we discuss the biological aspects of cell-free DNA in urine, numerous studies using urine cell-free DNA to detect urological cancers, and recent studies using urine cell-free DNA to detect and monitor non-urological cancers including lung, breast, colorectal, and other cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blake Salfer
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Feng Li
- School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - David T.W. Wong
- School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Liying Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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Little MP, Hamada N. Low-Dose Extrapolation Factors Implied by Mortality and Incidence Data from the Japanese Atomic Bomb Survivor Life Span Study Data. Radiat Res 2022; 198:582-589. [PMID: 36161867 PMCID: PMC9797579 DOI: 10.1667/rade-22-00108.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Assessment of the effect of low dose and low-dose-rate exposure depends critically on extrapolation from groups exposed at high dose and high-dose rates such as the Japanese atomic bomb survivor data, and has often been achieved via application of a dose and dose-rate effectiveness factor (DDREF). An important component of DDREF is the factor determining the effect of extrapolation of dose, the so-called low-dose extrapolation factor (LDEF). To assess LDEF models linear (or linear quadratic) in dose are often fitted. In this report LDEF is assessed via fitting relative rate models that are linear or linear quadratic in dose to the latest Japanese atomic bomb survivor data on solid cancer, leukemia and circulatory disease mortality (followed from 1950 through 2003) and to data on solid cancer, lung cancer and urinary tract cancer incidence. The uncertainties in LDEF are assessed using parametric bootstrap techniques. Analysis is restricted to survivors with <3 Gy dose. There is modest evidence for upward curvature in dose response in the mortality data. For leukemia and for all solid cancer excluding lung, stomach and breast cancer there is significant curvature (P < 0.05). There is no evidence of curvature for circulatory disease (P > 0.5). The estimate of LDEF for all solid cancer mortality is 1.273 [95% confidence intervals (CI) 0.913, 2.182], for all solid cancer mortality excluding lung cancer, stomach cancer and breast cancer is 2.183 (95% CI 1.090, >100) and for leukemia mortality is 11.447 (95% CI 2.390, >100). For stomach cancer mortality LDEF is modestly raised, 1.077 (95% CI 0.526, >100), while for lung cancer, female breast cancer and circulatory disease mortality the LDEF does not much exceed 1. LDEF for solid cancer incidence is 1.186 (95% CI 0.942, 1.626) and for urinary tract cancer is 1.298 (95% CI <0, 7.723), although for lung cancer LDEF is not elevated, 0.842 (95% CI 0.344, >100).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark P. Little
- Radiation Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-9778
| | - Nobuyuki Hamada
- Biology and Environmental Chemistry Division, Sustainable System Research Laboratory, Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry (CRIEPI), 2-11-1 Iwado-kita, Komae, Tokyo 201-8511, Japan
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35
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Herr H, Sogani P, Eastham J. Genitourinary tumors. J Surg Oncol 2022; 126:926-932. [PMID: 36087085 PMCID: PMC10671100 DOI: 10.1002/jso.27031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSK) has made many notable contributions to the scientific understanding and care of patients with common urologic cancers. Many of the advances represented paradigm shifts in management and established new standards of care. This review highlights the surgical procedures and treatment strategies originated and pioneered by urologic surgeons and colleagues at MSK during the past 50 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harry Herr
- Urology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Pramod Sogani
- Urology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - James Eastham
- Urology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
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Compérat E, Amin MB, Berney DM, Cree I, Menon S, Moch H, Netto GJ, Rao V, Raspollini MR, Rubin MA, Srigley JR, Tan PH, Tickoo SK, Turajlic S, Tsuzuki T. What's new in WHO fifth edition - urinary tract. Histopathology 2022; 81:439-446. [PMID: 35942645 DOI: 10.1111/his.14764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The fifth edition of the WHO Blue Book on urological tumours, specifically in the bladder chapter, represents a refinement and update in the classification of bladder tumours building on the aggregate major changes made in previous editions. Progress in the molecular underpinnings of urothelial tumours, particularly with promising stratifiers for more precision-based treatment approaches, have been made. Special attention has been paid to burning questions in bladder pathology, such as grading, heterogeneous lesions, inverted tumours and substaging. The concept of neuroendocrine tumours will be explained precisely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Compérat
- Department of Pathology, General Hospital, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Pathology, Hôpital Tenon, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | - Mahul B Amin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Knoxville, TN, USA
- Department of Urology, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Dan M Berney
- Department of Cellular Pathology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Ian Cree
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), World Health Organisation, Lyon, France
| | - Santosh Menon
- Department of Pathology, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Holger Moch
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zurich and University Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - George J Netto
- Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Vishal Rao
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zurich and University Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Maria Rosaria Raspollini
- Histopathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Careggi Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Mark A Rubin
- Bern Center for Precision Medicine and Department for Biomedical Research, Bern, Switzerland
| | - John R Srigley
- Trillium Health Partners and University of Toronto, Mississauga, ON, Canada
| | - Puay Hoon Tan
- Division of Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
| | - Satish Kumar Tickoo
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Samra Turajlic
- Cancer Dynamics Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London and Renal and Skin Units, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Toyonori Tsuzuki
- Department of Surgical Pathology, School of Medicine, Aichi Medical University, Nagoya, Japan
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Golus M, Bugajski P, Chorbińska J, Krajewski W, Lemiński A, Saczko J, Kulbacka J, Szydełko T, Małkiewicz B. STAT3 and Its Pathways’ Dysregulation—Underestimated Role in Urological Tumors. Cells 2022; 11:cells11193024. [PMID: 36230984 PMCID: PMC9563420 DOI: 10.3390/cells11193024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, molecular research is essential for the better understanding of tumor cells’ pathophysiology. The increasing number of neoplasms is taken under ‘the molecular magnifying glass’; therefore, it is possible to discover the complex relationships between cytophysiology and tumor cells. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) belongs to the family of latent cytoplasmic transcription factors called STATs, which comprises seven members: STAT1, STAT2, STAT3, STAT4, STAT5A, STAT5B, and STAT6. Those proteins play important role in cytokine-activated gene expression by transducing signals from the cell membrane to the nucleus. Abnormal prolonged activation results in tumorigenesis, metastasis, cell proliferation, invasion, migration, and angiogenesis. Inhibition of this transcription factor inhibits the previously mentioned effects in cancer cells, whereas normal cells are not affected. Hence, STAT3 might be a viable target for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Golus
- Department of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Urology, University Center of Excellence in Urology, Wrocław Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
- Correspondence: (M.G.); (B.M.); Tel.: +48-506158136 (B.M.)
| | - Piotr Bugajski
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Joanna Chorbińska
- Department of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Urology, University Center of Excellence in Urology, Wrocław Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Wojciech Krajewski
- Department of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Urology, University Center of Excellence in Urology, Wrocław Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Artur Lemiński
- Department of Urology and Urological Oncology, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Jolanta Saczko
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Julita Kulbacka
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Tomasz Szydełko
- Department of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Urology, University Center of Excellence in Urology, Wrocław Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Bartosz Małkiewicz
- Department of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Urology, University Center of Excellence in Urology, Wrocław Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
- Correspondence: (M.G.); (B.M.); Tel.: +48-506158136 (B.M.)
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Li WM, Ke HL, Kuo YH, Lai HY, Chan TC, Hsing CH, Hsieh KL, Li WS, Chen TJ, Wei YC, Wu WJ, Huang SK, Li CF. High MT2A Expression Predicts Worse Prognosis in Patients with Urothelial Carcinoma. Oncology 2022; 100:485-497. [PMID: 35817020 DOI: 10.1159/000525743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Dysregulation of metal ion homeostasis is associated with urothelial carcinogenesis. From a published urinary bladder urothelial carcinoma (UBUC) transcriptome, we identified metallothionein 2A (MT2A) as the most significantly upregulated gene implicated in cancer progression among metal ion binding-related genes. Therefore, we analyzed the association between MT2A expression and clinical significance in our well-characterized cohort of patients with upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) and UBUC. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the clinicopathological characteristics of 295 and 340 patients with UBUC and UTUC, respectively. MT2A expression was assessed using real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry. We further correlated MT2A expression with clinicopathological factors, disease specific survival (DSS) and metastasis-free survival (MFS) using the Pearson's chi-square test, Kaplan-Meier analysis, and multivariate Cox proportional hazards model. RESULTS High MT2A expression was significantly associated with aggressive pathological features including high tumor stage, lymph node metastasis, high tumor grade, vascular invasion, and perineural invasion. In the Kaplan-Meier analysis, high MT2A expression was significantly correlated with poor DSS (P < 0.0001) and MFS (P < 0.0001); in the multivariate analysis, it was an independent predictor of CSS (P < 0.001) and MFS (P = 0.001). Gene co-expression analysis demonstrated that MT2A overexpression promotes UC progression through complement activation. CONCLUSION High MT2A expression correlated with aggressive UC features and was an independent predictor of cancer metastasis and patient survival, suggesting its role in risk stratification and decision-making in patients with UTUC and UBUC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ming Li
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan,
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan,
- Center for Liquid Biopsy and Cohort Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan,
- Department of Urology, Ministry of Health and Welfare Pingtung Hospital, Pingtung, Taiwan,
| | - Hung-Lung Ke
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsuan Kuo
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
- College of Pharmacy and Science, Chia Nan University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Yue Lai
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ti-Chun Chan
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Hsi Hsing
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Lin Hsieh
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Shan Li
- Department of Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Technology, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Ju Chen
- Department of Medical Technology, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ching Wei
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Jeng Wu
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Center for Liquid Biopsy and Cohort Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Steven K Huang
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Science Industries, College of Health Sciences, Chang Jung Christian University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Feng Li
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan
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McAlpine E, Michelow P, Liebenberg E, Celik T. Is it real or not? Toward artificial intelligence-based realistic synthetic cytology image generation to augment teaching and quality assurance in pathology. J Am Soc Cytopathol 2022; 11:123-132. [PMID: 35249862 DOI: 10.1016/j.jasc.2022.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Urine cytology offers a rapid and relatively inexpensive method to diagnose urothelial neoplasia. In our setting of a public sector laboratory in South Africa, urothelial neoplasia is rare, compromising pathology training in this specific aspect of cytology. Artificial intelligence-based synthetic image generation-specifically the use of generative adversarial networks (GANs)-offers a solution to this problem. MATERIALS AND METHODS A limited, but morphologically diverse, dataset of 1000 malignant urothelial cytology images was used to train a StyleGAN3 model to create completely novel, synthetic examples of malignant urine cytology using computer resources within reach of most pathology departments worldwide. RESULTS We have presented the results of our trained GAN model, which was able to generate realistic, morphologically diverse examples of malignant urine cytology images when trained using a modest dataset. Although the trained model is capable of generating realistic images, we have also presented examples for which unrealistic and artifactual images were generated-illustrating the need for manual curation when using this technology in a training context. CONCLUSIONS We have presented a proof-of-concept illustration of creating synthetic malignant urine cytology images using machine learning technology to augment cytology training when real-world examples are sparse. We have shown that despite significant morphologic diversity in terms of staining variations, slide background, variations in the diagnostic malignant cellular elements, the presence of other nondiagnostic cellular elements, and artifacts, visually acceptable and varied results are achievable using limited data and computing resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewen McAlpine
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa; Division of Anatomical Pathology, School of Pathology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
| | - Pamela Michelow
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa; Division of Anatomical Pathology, School of Pathology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Eric Liebenberg
- Division of Anatomical Pathology, School of Pathology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Turgay Celik
- School of Electrical and Information Engineering and Wits Institute of Data Science, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Deloumeaux J, Bhakkan-Mambir B, Desroziers L, Plenet J, Peruvien J, Chatignoux É, Belliardo S, Macni J, Ulric-Gervaise S, Véronique-Baudin J, Joachim C. Urological Cancers in French Overseas Territories: A Population-Based Cancer Registry Pooled Analysis in Martinique, Guadeloupe and French Guiana (2007-2014). J Epidemiol Glob Health 2022; 12:232-238. [PMID: 35041179 PMCID: PMC9470795 DOI: 10.1007/s44197-022-00033-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in the Caribbean. We present world-standardized incidence (WSI) and mortality (WSM) rates for urological cancers for French overseas territories. Materials and Methods Standardized incidence ratio (SIR) and standardized mortality ratio (SMR) were calculated for 2008–2014, 2007–2014 and 2010–2014 in Guadeloupe, Martinique and French Guiana. Results For prostate cancer, in Guadeloupe and Martinique, the WSI rates are among the highest in the world (173.0 and 164.5 per 100,000 person-years) and 94.4 in French Guiana. Mortality remains more than twice that observed in mainland France, at 23.0 in Guadeloupe and Martinique, and 16.9 in French Guiana. For bladder cancer, WSI rates were 5.9, 4.9 and 4.1 in men, and 1.9, 1.4 and 1.3 in women, in French Guiana, Guadeloupe and Martinique. WSM rates from bladder varied from 1.5 in French Guiana to 1.8 in Guadeloupe and 2.0 in Martinique in men. In women, it ranges from 0.2 in French Guiana to 0.5 in Guadeloupe and 1.1 in Martinique. Regarding kidney, WSI rates in men are 4.3 in Martinique, 5.2 in Guadeloupe and 6.1 in French Guiana, and 2.3, 2.5 and 3.4, respectively, in women. Mortality rates in men were 1.7 in Guadeloupe, 1.4 in Martinique, and 1.5 in French Guiana, while in women, rates were 0.8 in Guadeloupe and Martinique and 0.6 in French Guiana. All these rates are lower than in mainland France. Conclusions Identifying the profile of patients with urological cancers is key to understanding the needs of patients in these regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Deloumeaux
- Registre Général des Cancers de Guadeloupe, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Guadeloupe, Guadeloupe F.W. I., Route de Chauvel, 97159 Pointe-à-Pitre Cedex, France
| | - Bernard Bhakkan-Mambir
- Registre Général des Cancers de Guadeloupe, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Guadeloupe, Guadeloupe F.W. I., Route de Chauvel, 97159 Pointe-à-Pitre Cedex, France
| | | | | | - Jessica Peruvien
- Registre Général des Cancers de Guadeloupe, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Guadeloupe, Guadeloupe F.W. I., Route de Chauvel, 97159 Pointe-à-Pitre Cedex, France
| | - Édouard Chatignoux
- French National Public Health Agency, 12 rue du Val d’Osne, 94410 Saint Maurice, France
| | | | - Jonathan Macni
- CHU de Martinique, Pôle de Cancérologie Hématologie Urologie, UF 1441 Registre Général des Cancers de la Martinique, Fort de France, 97200 Martinique
| | - Stephen Ulric-Gervaise
- CHU de Martinique, Pôle de Cancérologie Hématologie Urologie, UF 1441 Registre Général des Cancers de la Martinique, Fort de France, 97200 Martinique
| | - Jacqueline Véronique-Baudin
- CHU de Martinique, Pôle de Cancérologie Hématologie Urologie, UF 1441 Registre Général des Cancers de la Martinique, Fort de France, 97200 Martinique
| | - Clarisse Joachim
- CHU de Martinique, Pôle de Cancérologie Hématologie Urologie, UF 1441 Registre Général des Cancers de la Martinique, Fort de France, 97200 Martinique
- Hôpital Albert Clarac, Avenue Pasteur, CS 90632, 97200 Fort de France, Martinique
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Nishiyama H. [Urological Cancer Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer- Update of Diagnosis and Treatment]. Gan To Kagaku Ryoho 2022; 49:28. [PMID: 35046356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
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Nathan A, Gershman B, Van der Poel H, Sooriakumaran P. Centralisation of Care for Prevalent Urological Malignancies: The Case for Prostate Cancer. Eur Urol Focus 2021; 7:920-923. [PMID: 34531115 DOI: 10.1016/j.euf.2021.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer presents a significant challenge and burden for health care centres across the world. In the UK and other parts of Europe, as well as areas of the USA, centralisation of services has been implemented. In the UK and Europe, hospital centres are split into a hub-and-spoke system. High-volume centres carry out treatment as hubs and local hospitals carry out diagnostics and referrals as spokes. In this narrative mini-review we evaluate whether centralisation of services has improved patient outcomes, streamlined the use of resources, and reduced costs. We also discuss the positive and negative impacts of centralisation of prostate cancer services. PATIENT SUMMARY: This mini-review discusses the current use of centralisation of prostate cancer services. We assess the evidence in favour of centralisation as well as the issues it can present to both health care systems and patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arjun Nathan
- University College London, London, UK; Royal College of Surgeons of England, London, UK.
| | - Boris Gershman
- Division of Urological Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Henk Van der Poel
- Department of Urology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Prasanna Sooriakumaran
- Department of Urology, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; Urology Service, Digestive Diseases and Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic London, London, UK; Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Pellerin E, Caneparo C, Chabaud S, Bolduc S, Pelletier M. Endocrine-disrupting effects of bisphenols on urological cancers. Environ Res 2021; 195:110485. [PMID: 33212129 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenols are endocrine-disrupting chemicals found in a broad range of products that can modulate hormonal signalling pathways and various other biological functions. These compounds can bind steroid receptors, e.g. estrogen and androgen receptors, expressed by numerous cells and tissues, including the prostate and the bladder, with the potential to alter their homeostasis and normal physiological functions. In the past years, exposure to bisphenols was linked to cancer progression and metastasis. As such, recent pieces of evidence suggest that endocrine-disrupting chemicals can lead to the development of prostate cancer. Moreover, bisphenols are found in the urine of the wide majority of the population. They could potentially affect the bladder's normal physiology and cancer development, even if the bladder is not recognized as a hormone-sensitive tissue. This review will focus on prostate and bladder malignancies, two urological cancers that share standard carcinogenic processes. The description of the underlying mechanisms involved in cell toxicity, and the possible roles of bisphenols in the development of prostate and bladder cancer, could help establish the putative roles of bisphenols on public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eve Pellerin
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale/LOEX, Regenerative Medicine Division, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, Canada; Intersectorial Centre for Endocrine Disruptors Analysis, Institut National de La Recherche Scientifique (INRS), Québec, Canada; ARThrite Research Center, Laval University, Québec, Canada
| | - Christophe Caneparo
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale/LOEX, Regenerative Medicine Division, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, Canada
| | - Stéphane Chabaud
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale/LOEX, Regenerative Medicine Division, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, Canada
| | - Stéphane Bolduc
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale/LOEX, Regenerative Medicine Division, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, Canada; Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Québec, Canada.
| | - Martin Pelletier
- Intersectorial Centre for Endocrine Disruptors Analysis, Institut National de La Recherche Scientifique (INRS), Québec, Canada; Infectious and Immune Disease Division, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, Canada; Department of Microbiology-Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Québec, Canada; ARThrite Research Center, Laval University, Québec, Canada.
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Rammant E, Bultijnck R, Caperchione CM, Trinh L. The Use of Theory to Develop Physical Activity Interventions in Urological Cancer Survivors: A Narrative Review. Semin Oncol Nurs 2021; 37:151109. [PMID: 33516584 DOI: 10.1016/j.soncn.2020.151109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To summarize the current available evidence on the use of behavior change theories to explain and change physical activity behavior in urological cancer survivors. DATA SOURCES Five electronic databases including Medline, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane, and Psych INFO and reference lists of key studies were searched between database inception and November 2020. Peer-reviewed articles on the use of behavior change theories to understand or change physical activity in urological cancer survivors were included. CONCLUSION The theory of planned behavior and the social cognitive theory were the most used theories to explain and change physical activity behavior in urological cancers, respectively. However, the use of behavior change theories in physical activity interventions for urological cancers is still low across all urological tumor groups. Planning frameworks such as the intervention mapping approach should be used to enhance the systematic use of behavior change theories during every phase of intervention development. In addition, more research is needed to identity which behavior change techniques are most effective to change physical activity behavior in urological cancer survivors. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE Nurses play a key role in the urological cancer patients' clinical pathway and should be able to motivate patients to engage in sufficient physical activity levels. Therefore, it is important that nurses understand the underlying reasons why patients (do not) engage in physical activity and which behavior change techniques are most effective in changing a patients' behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elke Rammant
- Ghent University, Human Structure and Repair, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Renée Bultijnck
- Ghent University, Human Structure and Repair, Ghent, Belgium; Research Foundation, Flanders (FWO), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Cristina M Caperchione
- Faculty of Health, Human Performance Research Centre, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Linda Trinh
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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Carballido JA, Vázquez Alba D, Rodríguez Monsalve M. [Local and systhemic immunotherapy for bladder cáncer: from bench to bedside.]. ARCH ESP UROL 2020; 73:879-894. [PMID: 33269707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Therapeutic approaches for treatment of urothelial transitional cell carcinoma based on immune system modulation, as well as the contribution of intravesica Bacillus de Calmette-Guérin (BCG) and the recentin corporation of checkpoint inhibitors had found irrefutable proofs of concept for the indication of antitumoral immunontherapy in such tumors. Its extension and development at the present time covers all the locations of the wide spectrum of presentation and evolution of these tumors. Nowadays, apart for the low grade non muscle-invasive tumors, we are facingan unpredictable development of antitumoral immunotherapy in bladder cancer not only as an option in the primary treatment, but also in other scenarios such asnon-responders when it comes to BCG, or the situation of ineligibility for systemic chemotherapy indication. The main objective of this review article is trying to translate the current basic mechanisms involved in different phases of transitional cell carcinomas antitumoral response, regardless of whether they are muscle-invasive or not, and to establish the rationale for their therapeutic intravesical or systemic administration. The role of the interactions established between urothelial tumor cells and the cellular and molecular elements of the immune system of patients is described, incorporating the relevant and recent advances in immunobiology and the molecular characterization of these tumors thatwill undoubtedly introduce far-reaching modifications intherapeutic regimes that will contrast with the traditional options available. Investigational lines that are already active in the clinical research phase with BCG and, checkpoints inhibitors ofthe immune response are also analyzed, high lighting theneed to find predictive response markers as a real option for treatments personalization. The approach to the knowledge of the individual reactivity of the immune system of each patient as a determining factor to achieve it is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joaquín A Carballido
- Servicio y Catedra de Urología. Hospital Universitario "Puerta de Hierro - Majadahonda". Universidad Autónoma de Madrid. Facultad de Medicina. Madrid. España
| | - David Vázquez Alba
- Servicio y Catedra de Urología. Hospital Universitario "Puerta de Hierro - Majadahonda". Universidad Autónoma de Madrid. Facultad de Medicina. Madrid. España
| | - María Rodríguez Monsalve
- Servicio y Catedra de Urología. Hospital Universitario "Puerta de Hierro - Majadahonda". Universidad Autónoma de Madrid. Facultad de Medicina. Madrid. España
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Labine MA, Shu E, Xue L, Mak G, Griffith J, Minuk GY. A lack of association between increases in gastrointestinal, liver, and urologic cancers and cyanobacterial contamination of fresh water lakes in Manitoba. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2020; 27:35852-35858. [PMID: 32607998 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-09731-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Cyanobacteria or blue-green algae are becoming increasingly abundant in North American fresh water lakes. Toxins produced by cyanobacteria have been associated with gastrointestinal injury, liver failure, and nephrotoxicity. They have also been implicated in the pathogenesis of gastrointestinal and liver cancers. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether the incidence rates of gastrointestinal, liver, and urologic cancers are increasing in the province of Manitoba and, if so, whether these increases spatially and/or temporally correlate with areas where cyanobacterial contamination of fresh water lakes have been identified. Cancer incidence data were obtained from the Manitoba Cancer Registry. Cyanobacterial contamination data, as reflected by microcystin toxin concentrations, were available from the Manitoba Water Stewardship. ArcGIS mapping was employed to document spatial and temporal relationships between cancer incidence and cyanobacterial data. The results revealed that although the incidence rates for all three cancers have increased over the past 20-25 years, these increases were not disproportionally higher in zones with high microcystin toxin determinations. The results of this study argue against increased exposure to cyanotoxins as an explanation for the increase in gastrointestinal, liver and urologic cancers in Manitoba.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meaghan A Labine
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Emma Shu
- Cancer Care Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Lin Xue
- Cancer Care Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Giselle Mak
- Cancer Care Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Jane Griffith
- Cancer Care Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Gerald Y Minuk
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.
- Section of Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, John Buhler Research Centre, University of Manitoba, 715 McDermot Ave., Winnipeg, MB, R3E 3P4, Canada.
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Otagiri H, Yamadav S, Hashidume M, Sakurai A, Morioka M, Kondo E, Sakai H, Kurita H. A clinical investigation of the association between perioperative oral management and prognostic nutritional index in patients with digestive and urinary cancers. Curr Oncol 2020; 27:257-262. [PMID: 33173377 PMCID: PMC7606050 DOI: 10.3747/co.27.5963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The prognostic nutritional index (pni) is a simple metric calculated using serum albumin and the peripheral lymphocyte count. It was reported that a low pni score is significantly associated with major postoperative complications and poor prognosis. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of perioperative oral management (pom) on the perioperative pni profiles of patients with digestive system or urinary cancers. Study Design The medical records of 181 patients with cancer who underwent surgery and for whom a pni could be calculated were retrospectively reviewed. Results The intervention rate with pom was 34.8%. The median preoperative pni score was 48.25 in all patients with a pom intervention [25% to 75% interquartile range (iqr): 44.38-54.13] and 47.25 in those without an intervention (iqr: 42.0-53.5). Compared with patients not receiving pom, those who received pom had significantly higher pni scores from the early postoperative period (p < 0.05). Notably, of patients who could resume oral intake within 3 days after surgery, those who received pom intervention, compared with those who did not, had significantly higher pni scores from the early postoperative period (p < 0.05). Conclusions Perioperative oral management interventions might have positive effects on the postoperative pni scores of patients with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Otagiri
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - S Yamadav
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - M Hashidume
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - A Sakurai
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - M Morioka
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - E Kondo
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - H Sakai
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - H Kurita
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
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Paner GP, Montironi R. Re: J. Alfred Witjes, Harman Max Bruins, Richard Cathomas, et al. European Association of Urology Guidelines on Muscle-invasive and Metastatic Bladder Cancer: Summary of the 2020 Guidelines. Eur Urol 2021;79:82-104: Importance of Standardized Pathology Reporting for Urological Cancers in the Implementation of Urology Guidelines. Eur Urol 2020; 79:e30-e32. [PMID: 32873442 DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2020.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gladell P Paner
- Departments of Pathology and Surgery, Section of Urology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Rodolfo Montironi
- Section of Pathological Anatomy, Polytechnic University of the Marche Region, School of Medicine, Ancona, Italy
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Nagumo Y, Kandori S, Nishiyama H. [Rare Cancers in the Genitourinary Tract]. Gan To Kagaku Ryoho 2020; 47:1026-1030. [PMID: 32668844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Many types of rare cancers develop in the genitourinary tract. However, guidelines underlying clinical practice have not been established due to the lack of nationwide epidemiological data for many of these cancers. While epidemiological data in Western countries has been revealed by population-based study, it has been attempted to build the data using hospital-based cancer registry(HBCR)in Japan. The data from nationwide designated cancer care hospitals and other core cancer care hospitals includes the patients' demographics, tumor characteristics, and the first course of treatment. Although HBCR data does not reflect the status of clinical practice at all hospitals, it may be a useful tool for understanding the actual practice of rare cancers in Japan. We focused on the current status and prospects of penile and urachal cancer, which are relatively common in daily clinical practice. A standard of care has not been established for penile and urachal cancer patients, and the prognoses of those patients are poor. Recently, genomic analysis using a next-generation sequencer has been actively performed for many types of cancer. It is an important future task to establish a standard of care for patients with rare cancers based on molecular biological characteristics through active genomic analysis.
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50
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernadett Szabados
- Centre for Experimental Cancer Medicine, Barts Cancer Centre, London EC1A 7BE, UK
| | - Thomas Powles
- Centre for Experimental Cancer Medicine, Barts Cancer Centre, London EC1A 7BE, UK.
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