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Guliyeva G, Huayllani MT, Kraft C, Lehrman C, Kraft MT. Allergic Complications of Hyaluronidase Injection: Risk Factors, Treatment Strategies, and Recommendations for Management. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2024; 48:413-439. [PMID: 37145319 DOI: 10.1007/s00266-023-03348-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyaluronidase is used as a reversal agent for hyaluronic acid fillers and to increase the diffusion of other medications after infiltration. Cases of hyaluronidase allergy have been described in the literature since 1984. However, it is still frequently misdiagnosed. This review aims to summarize the current literature to describe the clinical picture of hyaluronidase allergy and identify any risk factors associated with its development, as well as provide recommendations for management in plastic surgery. METHODS A digital search of PubMed, Scopus, and Embase databases was performed by two reviewers following the PRISMA guidelines. This search identified 247 articles. RESULTS Two hundred forty-seven articles were identified, and 37 of them met the eligibility criteria. One hundred six patients with a mean age of 54.2 years were included in these studies. History of allergy to other substances (timothy grass, egg white, horse serum, penicillin, insect bites, wasp venom, thimerosal, potassium, histamine, phenylmercuric acetate, and nickel) and allergic diseases (asthma, dermatitis, atopy, rhinitis) was reported. A large portion of the patients with a history of repeated exposure (2-4) experienced the symptoms with their second injection. Nonetheless, there was no significant association between time to allergy development and the number of exposures (P = 0.3). Treatment with steroids +/- antihistamines resulted in the rapid and predominantly complete reversal of the symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Prior injections or sensitization by insect/wasp venom might be the primary factor associated with hyaluronidase allergy development. The time between the repeated injections is not a likely contributor to the presentation. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE III This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunel Guliyeva
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Maria T Huayllani
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Casey Kraft
- "Cosmetic and Plastic Surgery of Columbus, Inc", at 41 Commerce Parkway, Westerville, OH, USA
| | - Craig Lehrman
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Monica T Kraft
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Otolaryngology, The Ohio State University, 915 Olentangy River Rd, Columbus, OH, 43212, USA.
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2
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Ruëff F. [Insect venom allergies-What will change in times of global change?]. Dermatologie (Heidelb) 2024; 75:126-133. [PMID: 38214725 DOI: 10.1007/s00105-023-05277-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Germany, honeybees (Apis mellifera) and various Vespula species (wasps) are primarily relevant for hypersensitivity reactions to stings. Hornets (Vespa crabro), bumblebees, paper wasps (Polistes) and yellowjackets (Dolichovespula) less frequently cause sting reactions. OBJECTIVE What effects do intensive agricultural utilization and climate change have on the living conditions and occurrence of Hymenoptera and what consequences do they have for the diagnostics and treatment of hypersensitivity reactions to Hymenoptera stings. MATERIAL AND METHODS A literature search was carried out. RESULTS Honeybees and wild bees are endangered due to introduced diseases, invasive species and pesticides. The aim of widespread beekeeping activity is to protect honeybees, which is why no reduction in stings is to be expected despite increased bee mortality. In Germany, there is evidence of the spread of thermophilic Polistes species (paper wasps) from south to north and the immigration of Vespa velutina nigrithorax (Asian hornet). It is unlikely that these species will lead to a significant increase in sting reactions. Nests of the red fire ant (Solenopsis invicta), which was originally common in South America, were first detected in Sicily in 2022. Red fire ants are aggressive insects with a high potential for adverse sting reactions. CONCLUSION Invasive insects must be considered as a trigger in the anamnesis and diagnostics. Diagnostics are only available for the detection of Polistes sensitization. Therapeutic allergens can be obtained from other European countries for venom immunotherapy of a Polistes allergy. Due to cross-reactivity, diagnostic and therapeutic allergens from Vespula spp. are used for the diagnosis and treatment of suspected allergies to the Asian hornet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Ruëff
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Dermatologie und Allergologie, Klinikum der Universität München, Frauenlobstr. 9-11, 80337, München, Deutschland.
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3
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Martins IBS, Viegas RG, Sanches MN, de Araujo AS, Leite VBP. Probing Mastoparan-like Antimicrobial Peptides Interaction with Model Membrane Through Energy Landscape Analysis. J Phys Chem B 2024; 128:163-171. [PMID: 38159056 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c05852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Antimicrobial Peptides (AMPs) have emerged as promising alternatives to conventional antibiotics due to their capacity to disrupt the lipid packing of bacterial cell membranes. This mechanism of action may prevent the development of resistance by bacteria. Understanding their role in lipid packing disruption and their structural properties upon interaction with bacterial membranes is highly desirable. In this study, we employed Molecular Dynamics simulations and the Energy Landscape Visualization Method (ELViM) to characterize and compare the conformational ensembles of mastoparan-like Polybia-MP1 and its analogous H-MP1, in which histidines replace lysine residues. Two situations were analyzed: (i) the peptides in their free state in an aqueous solution containing water and ions and (ii) the peptides spontaneously adsorbing onto an anionic lipid bilayer, used as a bacteria membrane mimetic. ELViM was used to project a single effective conformational phase space for both peptides, providing a comparative analysis. This projection enabled us to map the conformational ensembles of each peptide in an aqueous solution and assess the structural effects of substituting lysines with histidines in H-MP1. Furthermore, a single conformational phase space analysis was employed to describe structural changes during the adsorption process using the same framework. We show that ELViM provides a comprehensive analysis, able to identify discrepancies in the conformational ensembles of these peptides that may affect their affinity to the membrane and adsorption kinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid B S Martins
- Department of Physics, Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José do Rio Preto, SP 15054-000, Brazil
- Biophysics Institute Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Rafael G Viegas
- Department of Physics, Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José do Rio Preto, SP 15054-000, Brazil
- Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of São Paulo (IFSP), Catanduva, SP 15.808-305, Brazil
| | - Murilo N Sanches
- Department of Physics, Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José do Rio Preto, SP 15054-000, Brazil
| | - Alexandre S de Araujo
- Department of Physics, Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José do Rio Preto, SP 15054-000, Brazil
| | - Vitor B P Leite
- Department of Physics, Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José do Rio Preto, SP 15054-000, Brazil
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Vega-Castro A, Castro L, Carballada F, Alfaya T, Marquès L, Ruíz-León B. Hymenoptera Allergy Diagnosis through Their Presence on Human Food. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:680. [PMID: 38133184 PMCID: PMC10748280 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15120680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Venom immunotherapy (VIT) protects up to 98% of treated Hymenoptera allergy patients from reactions with new stings. A correct diagnosis with the identification of the venom causing the allergic reaction is essential to implementing it. The knowledge of the Hymenoptera foraging habits when the sting takes place in a food environment would allow the culprit insect to be known. Images of Hymenoptera occurring in environments where there was human food were recorded in Spain, including the date of the image, the place description and its geolocation. The insects' genus and species were identified by an entomologist. Results: One hundred and fifty-five images depicting 71 insects were analyzed. The identified insects were Vespula (56), Vespa (7), Polistes (4), Cerceris (2), Bombus (1) and Apis (1). Most (97.1%) of the images were obtained in summer and early autumn, outdoors in terraces (64%). Meat was the food associated with 47.9% of the images. In protein-rich foods, Vespula was found in 89%. Conclusions: Vespula was the main Hymenoptera associated with food environments in our country (78.87%), and in most of the cases (71%), the food involved is a source of protein, such as meat or seafood. In that environment, the probability that the insect is a Vespula would be 89%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arantza Vega-Castro
- Allergy Service, University Hospital of Guadalajara, 19002 Guadalajara, Spain
- IDISCAM (Instituto de Investigación de Castilla la Mancha), 45071 Toledo, Spain
| | | | - Francisco Carballada
- Allergy Service, HULA (Hospital Universitario Lucus Augusti), 27003 Lugo, Spain;
| | - Teresa Alfaya
- Allergy Service, Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, 28922 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Lluís Marquès
- Allergy Service, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, 25198 Lleida, Spain;
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - Berta Ruíz-León
- Allergy Service, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, 14004 Córdoba, Spain;
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
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5
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Chan HH, Burrows AK, Hosgood G, Ghubash R. Sensitivity of a Hymenoptera serological immunoglobulin (Ig)E assay for the diagnosis of venom hypersensitivity in dogs. Vet Dermatol 2023; 34:543-553. [PMID: 37485613 DOI: 10.1111/vde.13194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hymenoptera envenomation with honey bee (Apis mellifera) and paper wasp (Polistes spp.) may cause life-threatening anaphylaxis in dogs. In human patients, clinical history, intradermal testing (IDT) and measurement of allergen-specific serological immunoglobulin (Ig)E (sIgE) are used to support a diagnosis of Hymenoptera venom hypersensitivity. The utility of venom allergen-specific sIgE has not yet been evaluated for this purpose in dogs. OBJECTIVES The objective of the study was to investigate the sensitivity (sn), specificity (sp) and positive predictive value (PPV) of honey bee and paper wasp serological titres using a commercially available sIgE assay [VARL (Veterinary Allergen Reference Laboratory) Liquid Gold] against clinical history for a diagnosis of Hymenoptera hypersensitivity in dogs. MATERIALS AND METHODS Honeybee and paper wasp IgE serum titres were measured in 15 client-owned dogs with a diagnosis of Hymenoptera venom hypersensitivity based on a history of anaphylaxis, owner observation of Hymenoptera, and positive IDT to bee and/or wasp; and in 10 client-owned dogs with no known history of anaphylaxis or Hymenoptera exposure and a negative IDT to bee and wasp. RESULTS Analysis of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves demonstrate that a VARL score cut-off of one of six for honeybee yields Sn, Sp and PPV of 40%, 60% and 60%, respectively, and two of six for wasp yields Sn, Sp and PPV of 25%, 78% and 60%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Owing to the poor sensitivity and PPV of sIgE assays for both bee and wasp hypersensitivity in dogs with known envenomation and anaphylaxis, the use of sIgE cannot be recommended as a tool for venom identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilary H Chan
- Animal Dermatology Clinic Perth, The Animal Hospital Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Amanda K Burrows
- Animal Dermatology Clinic Perth, The Animal Hospital Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Giselle Hosgood
- College of Veterinary Medicine, The Animal Hospital Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
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Giraldo-Tugores M, Vaquero-Rey A, Santacruz-Santos M, Rodríguez-Martín E, De Andrés A, Ballester-Gonzalez R, Barra-Castro A, Fernández-Lozano C, Martinez-Botas J, Antolín-Amérigo D. Application of In Vitro Tests to Establish an Accurate Diagnosis of Double Sensitization to Vespula and Polistes Species. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2023; 33:414-416. [PMID: 37843387 DOI: 10.18176/jiaci.0890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M Giraldo-Tugores
- Allergology Department, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Investigación Sanitaria IRYCS, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Vaquero-Rey
- Allergology Department, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Investigación Sanitaria IRYCS, Madrid, Spain
- Biochemistry-Research Department, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Santacruz-Santos
- Instituto Investigación Sanitaria IRYCS, Madrid, Spain
- Biochemistry-Research Department, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
- Universidad de Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
| | - E Rodríguez-Martín
- Instituto Investigación Sanitaria IRYCS, Madrid, Spain
- Immunology Department, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | - A De Andrés
- Instituto Investigación Sanitaria IRYCS, Madrid, Spain
- Immunology Department, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | - R Ballester-Gonzalez
- Instituto Investigación Sanitaria IRYCS, Madrid, Spain
- Immunology Department, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Barra-Castro
- Allergology Department, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Investigación Sanitaria IRYCS, Madrid, Spain
- Universidad de Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
| | - C Fernández-Lozano
- Allergology Department, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Investigación Sanitaria IRYCS, Madrid, Spain
- Biochemistry-Research Department, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
- Universidad de Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Martinez-Botas
- Instituto Investigación Sanitaria IRYCS, Madrid, Spain
- Biochemistry-Research Department, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red CIBEROBN, Madrid, Spain
| | - D Antolín-Amérigo
- Allergology Department, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Investigación Sanitaria IRYCS, Madrid, Spain
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7
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Wang J, Golden DBK, Khan DA. The Value of Current Laboratory Tests in Diagnosing Food, Venom, and Drug Allergies. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2023; 11:2973-2981. [PMID: 37343922 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2023.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
An accurate diagnosis of IgE-mediated allergies is necessary to inform risk management for severe allergic reactions including anaphylaxis for food, venom, and drug allergies. The most widely available laboratory test for allergy is serum-specific IgE testing, which is routinely used for food allergy and insect sting allergy. Testing for specific IgE is limited by high sensitivity and low specificity, resulting in concern regarding overdiagnosis. Testing of allergen components has led to improved diagnosis for some food and venom allergens. Additional options for laboratory tests, such as epitope analysis, basophil activation, and mast cell activation, are being investigated for their potential to optimize diagnosis and provide predictors for reaction severity and treatment response. In contrast, laboratory testing for drug allergy is more limited because to date, there are no well-validated commercial assays in the United States. Furthermore, it is important to diagnose delayed reactions to medications, because these also significantly affect decision-making regarding therapeutic options for infectious disorders. Reliable tests for both immediate and delayed drug hypersensitivity are much needed, because drug allergy labels can significantly limit treatment options for patients. Research in this area is emerging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Wang
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Jaffe Food Allergy Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY.
| | - David B K Golden
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Jaffe Food Allergy Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY; Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md
| | - David A Khan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Allergy and Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
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Schneider S, Gasteiger C, Wecker H, Höbenreich J, Biedermann T, Brockow K, Zink A. Successful usage of a chatbot to standardize and automate history taking in Hymenoptera venom allergy. Allergy 2023; 78:2526-2528. [PMID: 36946258 DOI: 10.1111/all.15720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Simon Schneider
- Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Munich, Germany
| | - Christine Gasteiger
- Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Munich, Germany
| | - Hannah Wecker
- Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Munich, Germany
| | - Jonas Höbenreich
- Technical University of Munich, Department of Informatics, Munich, Germany
| | - Tilo Biedermann
- Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Munich, Germany
| | - Knut Brockow
- Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Munich, Germany
| | - Alexander Zink
- Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Munich, Germany
- Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Schmidle P, Blank S, Altrichter S, Hoetzenecker W, Brockow K, Darsow U, Biedermann T, Eberlein B. Basophil Activation Test in Double-Sensitized Patients With Hymenoptera Venom Allergy: Additional Benefit of Component-Resolved Diagnostics. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2023; 11:2890-2899.e2. [PMID: 37302791 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2023.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Hymenoptera venom allergy serologically double-sensitized patients, it is often difficult to identify the culprit insect for venom immunotherapy (VIT). OBJECTIVES To evaluate if basophil activation tests (BATs) performed not only with venom extracts but additionally with single component-resolved diagnostics could differentiate between sensitized and allergic individuals and how the test results influenced the physicians' decision regarding VIT. METHODS BATs were performed with bee and wasp venom extracts and with single components (Api m 1, Api m 10, Ves v 1, and Ves v 5) in 31 serologically double-sensitized patients. RESULTS In 28 finally included individuals, 9 BATs were positive and 4 negative for both venoms. Fourteen of 28 BATs showed positive results for wasp venom alone. Two of 10 BATs positive for bee venom were only positive to Api m 1 and 1 of 28 BATs only to Api m 10, but not for whole bee venom extract. Five of 23 BATs positive for wasp venom were only positive for Ves v 5 but negative for wasp venom extract and Ves v 1. Finally, VIT with both insect venoms was recommended in 4 of 28 individuals, with wasp venom alone in 21 of 28 patients and with bee venom alone in 1 of 28. In 2 cases no VIT was recommended. CONCLUSIONS BATs with Ves v 5, followed by Api m 1 and Api m 10, were helpful for the decision for VIT with the clinically relevant insect in 8 of 28 (28.6%) patients. A BAT with components should therefore be additionally carried out in cases with equivocal results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Schmidle
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Biederstein, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Simon Blank
- Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM), Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine and Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany
| | - Sabine Altrichter
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology, Kepler University Hospital, Linz, Austria
| | - Wolfram Hoetzenecker
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology, Kepler University Hospital, Linz, Austria
| | - Knut Brockow
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Biederstein, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ulf Darsow
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Biederstein, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Tilo Biedermann
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Biederstein, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Bernadette Eberlein
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Biederstein, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
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Catania KC. Early destruction of cockroach respiratory system and heart by emerald jewel wasp larvae. Curr Biol 2023; 33:R799-R800. [PMID: 37552942 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
In the 1880s, Henri Fabre was captivated by the "special art of eating", whereby a parasitoid wasp larva fed selectively on host internal organs, avoiding the heart (dorsal vessel) and tracheal system (respiratory system) to preserve life. In Fabre's words: "The ruling feature in this scientific method of eating, which proceeds from parts less to the parts more necessary to preserve a remnant of life, is none the less obvious"1. Subsequent investigators have reported the same for many parasitoid wasps2,3, including for the emerald jewel wasp (Ampulex compressa)4. Here it is reported that larval jewel wasps destroy the dorsal vessel and tracheae (respiratory system) in the thorax of their cockroach host (Periplaneta americana) at their earliest opportunity. Moreover, the broken tracheae release air into the host, which the larval jewel wasp inspires. An increase in larval chewing rate, cotemporaneous with the sudden release of air from the host's broken tracheae, suggests the larva taps into the host respiratory system to support its metabolism while rapidly consuming the host. VIDEO ABSTRACT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth C Catania
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
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11
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Bonadonna P, Korosec P, Nalin F, Golden DBK. Venom Anaphylaxis: Decision Points for a More Aggressive Workup. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2023; 11:2024-2031. [PMID: 37119981 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2023.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
Diagnostic testing of patients who present for evaluation of insect venom allergy can involve many levels of investigation. A detailed initial history is critical for diagnosis and prognosis. The severity of previous sting reactions and the presence or absence of urticaria or hypotension predict severe future sting reactions and underlying mast cell disorders. Venom skin tests and specific IgE measurement can confirm the diagnosis but have limited positive predictive value for the frequency and severity of future sting reactions. Testing for serum IgE to recombinant venom component allergens can distinguish true allergy from cross-reactivity to honey bee and yellowjacket venoms. Basophil activation tests can improve the detection of venom allergy and predict the severity of reactions and the efficacy of venom immunotherapy but are limited in availability. An elevated basal serum tryptase level is an important marker for severe sting anaphylaxis and underlying mast cell disorders (eg, hereditary α-tryptasemia and clonal mast cell disease). When there is high suspicion (eg, using the Red Espanola de Mastocytosis score), bone marrow biopsy is the definitive tool to characterize mast cell disorders that are associated with the most severe outcomes in patients with insect sting allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Peter Korosec
- University Clinic of Respiratory and Allergic Diseases, Golnik, Slovenia; Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia; Medical Faculty, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
| | | | - David B K Golden
- Dvision of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md.
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12
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Pattaranggoon NC, Daduang S, Rungrotmongkol T, Teajaroen W, Tipmanee V, Hannongbua S. Computational model for lipid binding regions in phospholipase (Ves a 1) from Vespa venom. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10652. [PMID: 37391452 PMCID: PMC10313747 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-36742-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The Thai banded tiger wasp (Vespa affinis) is a dangerous vespid species found in Southeast Asia, and its stings often result in fatalities due to the presence of lethal phospholipase A[Formula: see text], known as Vespapase or Ves a 1. Developing anti-venoms for Ves a 1 using chemical drugs, such as chemical drug guide, remains a challenging task. In this study, we screened 2056 drugs against the opening conformation of the venom using the ZINC 15 and e-Drug 3D databases. The binding free energy of the top five drug candidates complexed with Ves a 1 was calculated using 300-ns-MD trajectories. Our results revealed that voxilaprevir had a higher binding free energy at the catalytic sites than other drug candidates. Furthermore, the MD simulation results indicated that voxilaprevir formed stable conformations within the catalytic pocket. Consequently, voxilaprevir could act as a potent inhibitor, opening up avenues for the development of more effective anti-venom therapeutics for Ves a 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nawanwat C Pattaranggoon
- Programme in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Graduate school, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Sakda Daduang
- Division of Pharmacognosy and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Thanyada Rungrotmongkol
- Programme in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Graduate school, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Center of Excellence in Structural and Computational Biology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Withan Teajaroen
- Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Center for Innovation and Standard for Medical Technology and Physical Therapy, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Varomyalin Tipmanee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand.
| | - Supot Hannongbua
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Center of Excellence in Computational Chemistry (CECC), Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
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13
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Urbańska W, Szymański L, Ciepelak M, Cios A, Stankiewicz W, Klimaszewska E, Lieto K, Skopek R, Chciałowski A, Lewicki S. Time-dependent cytokines changes in ultra-rush wasp venom immunotherapy. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10560. [PMID: 37386045 PMCID: PMC10310823 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37593-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Venom immunotherapy (VIT) represents a potential therapeutic approach for the management of venom allergies, aiming to modify the immune response to venom allergens and enhance its precision. Previous studies have demonstrated that VIT induces a shift in T helper cell responses from Th2 to Th1, characterized by the production of IL-2 and interferon-gamma by CD4+ and CD8+ cells. In order to explore long-term pathways following VIT treatment and verify potential new outcomes, the serum concentrations of 30 cytokines were assessed in a cohort of 61 patients (18 control, 43 study group) exhibiting hypersensitivity to wasp venom. Cytokine levels were measured at 0, 2, 6, and 24 weeks after the initiation phase of VIT in the study group. The present study found no significant alterations in the levels of IL-2 and IFN-γ in the peripheral blood following VIT. However, a noteworthy finding was the substantial increase in the concentration of IL-12, a cytokine capable of promoting the differentiation of Th0 cells into Th1 cells. This observation supports the involvement of the Th1 pathway in the desensitization process induced by VIT. Additionally, the study revealed a significant rise in the levels of IL-9 and TGF-β after VIT. These cytokines may play a role in the generation of inducible regulatory T (Treg) cells, indicating their potential importance in the immune response to venom allergens and the desensitization process associated with VIT. Nevertheless, further investigations are required to comprehend the underlying mechanisms driving the VIT process comprehensively.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Urbańska
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Allergology, Military Institute of Medicine, National Research Institute, Szaserów 128, 04-141, Warsaw, Poland
| | - L Szymański
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Postępu 36A, 05-552, Magdalenka, Poland.
| | - M Ciepelak
- Department of Microwave Safety, Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Kozielska 4, 01-163, Warsaw, Poland
| | - A Cios
- Department of Hematological and Transfusion Immunology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, 14 I. Gandhi St., 02-776, Warsaw, Poland
| | - W Stankiewicz
- Faculty of Health Sciences, The Mazovian State University in Płock, Generała Jarosława Dąbrowskiego 2, 09-402, Płock, Poland
| | - E Klimaszewska
- Faculty of Medical Sciences and Health Sciences, Kazimierz Pulaski University of Technology and Humanities in Radom, 26-600, Radom, Poland
| | - Krystyna Lieto
- Department of Microwave Safety, Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Kozielska 4, 01-163, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Rafał Skopek
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Postępu 36A, 05-552, Magdalenka, Poland
| | - A Chciałowski
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Allergology, Military Institute of Medicine, National Research Institute, Szaserów 128, 04-141, Warsaw, Poland
| | - S Lewicki
- Faculty of Medical Sciences and Health Sciences, Kazimierz Pulaski University of Technology and Humanities in Radom, 26-600, Radom, Poland
- Institute of Outcomes Research, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Medical Academy, 00-001, Warsaw, Poland
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14
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Hollstein MM, Matzke SS, Lorbeer L, Traidl S, Forkel S, Möbs C, Fuchs T, Lex C, Buhl T. Skin Tests versus Serology: Specific IgE May Suffice for Diagnosis of Vespid Venom Allergy and Follow-Up of Allergen Immunotherapy. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2023; 184:744-753. [PMID: 37044077 DOI: 10.1159/000529801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In adults, allergic reactions to insect stings are among the most frequent causes of anaphylaxis, a potentially life-threatening condition. Recurrent anaphylaxis following vespid stings may be prevented by allergen immunotherapy (AIT). The aim of this study was to evaluate the benefit of measuring venom-induced wheal area in intracutaneous skin tests (ICT), in comparison to various serological and clinical parameters, for the diagnosis of severe vespid venom allergy and during follow-up of AIT. METHODS We conducted a monocentric, retrospective evaluation of 170 patients undergoing AIT against vespid venoms. We scanned ICT wheals at baseline and at three time points after AIT initiation and measured wheal area using objective data analysis software. RESULTS We found that ICT histamine-induced and venom-induced wheal areas did not correlate. In addition, the venom-induced wheal area was independent from the minimal venom concentration required to elicit a wheal in an ICT and all other parameters. No correlation was found between wheal area and the severity of anaphylaxis. Wheal area standardized to the application of 0.1 μg/mL venom inversely correlated with anaphylaxis severity and positively correlated with venom-specific IgE levels. During AIT, mean areas of venom-induced wheals did not change. In contrast, venom-specific IgG and IgG4 levels, and the minimal venom concentration required to induce a positive ICT result increased, while the venom wheal area standardized to 0.1 μg/mL venom application and specific IgE levels decreased over time. CONCLUSION Wheal area evaluation did not provide additional information over specific IgE analysis. We therefore recommend that ICTs are used only as a secondary measure for confirming serological test results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz M Hollstein
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Silke S Matzke
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Lisa Lorbeer
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Stephan Traidl
- Division of Immunodermatology and Allergy Research, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Susann Forkel
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Christian Möbs
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Fuchs
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Christiane Lex
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Intensive Care Medicine and Neonatology with Pediatric Pneumology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Timo Buhl
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
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15
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Inwood SN, Harrop TWR, Dearden PK. The venom composition and parthenogenesis mechanism of the parasitoid wasp Microctonus hyperodae, a declining biocontrol agent. Insect Biochem Mol Biol 2023; 153:103897. [PMID: 36584929 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2022.103897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
A biocontrol system in New Zealand using the endoparasitoid Microctonus hyperodae is failing, despite once being one of the most successful examples of classical biocontrol worldwide. Though it is of significant economic importance as a control agent, little is known about the genetics of M. hyperodae. In this study, RNA-seq was used to characterise two key traits of M. hyperodae in this system, the venom, critical for the initial success of biocontrol, and the asexual reproduction mode, which influenced biocontrol decline. Expanded characterisation of M. hyperodae venom revealed candidates involved in manipulating the host environment to source nutrition for the parasitoid egg, preventing a host immune response against the egg, as well as two components that may stimulate the host's innate immune system. Notably lacking from the venom-specific expression list was calreticulin, as it also had high expression in the ovaries. In-situ hybridisation revealed this ovarian expression was localised to the follicle cells, which may result in the deposition of calreticulin into the egg exochorion. Investigating the asexual reproduction of M. hyperodae revealed core meiosis-specific genes had conserved expression patterns with the highest expression in the ovaries, suggesting M. hyperodae parthenogenesis involves meiosis and that the potential for sexual reproduction may have been retained. Upregulation of genes involved in endoreduplication provides a potential mechanism for the restoration of diploidy in eggs after meiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah N Inwood
- Bioprotection Aotearoa, Genomics Aotearoa, and the Biochemistry Department, University of Otago, Dunedin, Aotearoa, New Zealand
| | - Thomas W R Harrop
- Bioprotection Aotearoa, Genomics Aotearoa, and the Biochemistry Department, University of Otago, Dunedin, Aotearoa, New Zealand; Melbourne Bioinformatics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Peter K Dearden
- Bioprotection Aotearoa, Genomics Aotearoa, and the Biochemistry Department, University of Otago, Dunedin, Aotearoa, New Zealand.
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16
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Turillazzi F, Pieraccini G, Turillazzi S, Orsi Battaglini N, Severino M. Venom Collection by Electrical Stimulation in the Invasive Species Polistes dominula Reared Using a Vespiculture Regime. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27248821. [PMID: 36557953 PMCID: PMC9783845 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27248821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Specific Venom Immunotherapy (VIT) is practiced with venom extracted from insects, and is the specific therapy used for patients highly allergic to social insect (Hymenoptera) stings. Due to the dramatic shortage of vespid species in the local environment, we coupled vespiculture techniques of Polistes paper wasps with a venom collection procedure based on the electrical stimulation of individuals from entire colonies. The procedure involves little to no disturbance of the individual insects, and at the same time, successfully allows for the extraction of venom containing all allergens necessary for VIT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Turillazzi
- Insect Pharma Entomotherapy S.p.A., Approved Spin Off of the University of Florence, 50100 Florence, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Pieraccini
- Mass Spectrometry Service Center, University of Florence, 50100 Florence, Italy
| | - Stefano Turillazzi
- Insect Pharma Entomotherapy S.p.A., Approved Spin Off of the University of Florence, 50100 Florence, Italy
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, 50100 Florence, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | | | - Maurizio Severino
- Insect Pharma Entomotherapy S.p.A., Approved Spin Off of the University of Florence, 50100 Florence, Italy
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17
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Pravettoni V, Mauro M, Rivolta F, Consonni D, Cappelletti C, Chiei Gallo A, Sangalli A, Bilò MB. Venom immunotherapy: safety and tolerability of the build-up phase with depot versus aqueous preparations. Clin Exp Allergy 2022; 52:1230-1233. [PMID: 35904013 PMCID: PMC9796821 DOI: 10.1111/cea.14209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Valerio Pravettoni
- UOC General Medicine Immunology and AllergologyFoundation IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore PoliclinicoMilanItaly
| | - Marina Mauro
- U.O.S. AllergologyHospital S. Anna Como ASST LarianaComoItaly
| | - Federica Rivolta
- UOC General Medicine Immunology and AllergologyFoundation IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore PoliclinicoMilanItaly
| | - Dario Consonni
- Epidemiology UnitFoundation IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore PoliclinicoMilanItaly
| | | | | | - Andrea Sangalli
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology ResidencyUniversity of MilanItaly
| | - Maria Beatrice Bilò
- DISCLIMO (Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences)Università Politecnica delle MarcheAnconaItaly
- Allergy Unit, Department of Internal MedicineUniversity Hospital Ospedali RiunitiAnconaItaly
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18
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Shi J, Jin H, Wang F, Stanley DW, Wang H, Fang Q, Ye G. The larval saliva of an endoparasitic wasp, Pteromalus puparum, suppresses host immunity. J Insect Physiol 2022; 141:104425. [PMID: 35878702 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2022.104425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In the lengthy co-evolution between insects and their animal or plant hosts, insects have evolved a wide range of salivary strategies to help evade host defenses. Although there is a very large literature on saliva of herbivorous and hematophagous insects, little attention has been focused on the saliva of parasitoid wasps. Some parasitoid species are natural enemies that effectively regulate insect population sizes in nature that they are applied for biological control of agricultural pests. Here, we demonstrate the influence of the endoparasitoid, Pteromalus puparum, larval saliva on the cellular and humoral immunity of its host. Larval saliva increases mortality of hemocytes, and inhibits hemocyte spreading, a specific cellular immune action. We report that high saliva concentrations inhibit host cellular encapsulation of foreign invaders. The larval saliva also inhibits melanization in host hemolymph. The saliva inhibits the growth of some bacterial species, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in vitro. This may promote larvae fitness by protecting them from infections. Insight into such functions of parasitic wasp saliva provides a new insight into host-parasitoid relationships and possibly leads to new agricultural pest management technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiamin Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu Hang Tang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Hongxia Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu Hang Tang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Fang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu Hang Tang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - David W Stanley
- Biological Control of Insects Research Laboratory USDA/Agricultural Research Service, 1503 S. Providence Road, Columbia, MO 65203, USA
| | - Huan Wang
- Department of Landscape Architecture Technology, Shanghai Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry, 658 Zhongshan Second Road, Shanghai 201699, China
| | - Qi Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu Hang Tang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Gongyin Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu Hang Tang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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19
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Abstract
Venom immunotherapy (VIT) with Hymenoptera venom extracts is highly effective in preventing large local, systemic allergic, and anaphylactic reactions to insect stings. VIT is not required for patients with cutaneous systemic or large local allergic reactions to stings because it is uncommon for reactions to become more severe. The clinical history, with confirmatory skin or serum tests for venom IgE, can clarify the risk for future anaphylaxis and the need for VIT. For initial treatment, rush regimens are recommended because they have the same or less risk of systemic reactions than slower traditional regimens. VIT is relatively safe with a low incidence of systemic reactions. Injection-site reactions can be bothersome but do not predict systemic reactions to venom injections. Patients who need VIT should be screened for baseline serum tryptase and possible underlying mast cell disorders. VIT can be discontinued after five years in most patients, but those with known high-risk factors should continue VIT indefinitely.
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20
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Wang R, Gao D, Yu F, Han J, Yuan H, Hu F. Phospholipase A 2 inhibitor varespladib prevents wasp sting-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Toxicon 2022; 215:69-76. [PMID: 35724947 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2022.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to clarify whether varespladib, a phospholipase A2 (PLA2) inhibitor, can be used as a therapeutic agent for wasp sting-induced acute kidney injury (AKI). Rats were divided into control, AKI, and AKI + varespladib groups. The AKI model was established by subcutaneously injecting wasp venom at five different sites in rats. Varespladib treatment showed a significant inhibitory effect on wasp venom PLA2in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, we observed that varespladib decreased the levels of rhabdomyolysis and hemolysis markers compared with that in the AKI group. Histopathological changes in the kidney decreased significantly, and rat serum creatinine levels were reduced after varespladib administration. The significantly regulated genes in the kidney of the AKI group were mostly involved in inflammatory response pathway, and the administration of varespladib remarkably attenuated the expression of these genes. Therefore, varespladib inhibited wasp sting-induced functional and pathological damage to the kidneys. We propose that the PLA2 inhibitor varespladib protects the kidney tissue in a wasp sting-induced AKI model by inhibiting PLA2 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wang
- School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China; Department of Nephrology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, 441000, China
| | - Dan Gao
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, 441000, China
| | - Fanglin Yu
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, 441000, China
| | - Jiamin Han
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, 441000, China
| | - Hai Yuan
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, 441000, China.
| | - Fengqi Hu
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, 441000, China.
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21
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Koksal ZG, Uysal P. Successful use of a subcutaneous injection port for modified cluster venom immunotherapy. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2022; 10:879-881.e1. [PMID: 34768000 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2021.10.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep Gulec Koksal
- Aydin Adnan Menderes University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Aydin, Turkey.
| | - Pinar Uysal
- Aydin Adnan Menderes University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Aydin, Turkey
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22
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Schattner A. Hornet venom and remission of psoriasis. QJM 2022; 115:119. [PMID: 33930174 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcab123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A Schattner
- From the Hebrew University and Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
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23
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Li L, Schneider S, Mauss V, Biedermann T, Brockow K. Immunotherapy with insect venoms: Entomologist's expertise secures choice of treatment. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2021; 128:331-333. [PMID: 34813952 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2021.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Linda Li
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Simon Schneider
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
| | - Volker Mauss
- Entomology Department, Stuttgart State Museum of Natural History, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Tilo Biedermann
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Knut Brockow
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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24
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Anselmo S, Sancataldo G, Mørck Nielsen H, Foderà V, Vetri V. Peptide-Membrane Interactions Monitored by Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging: A Study Case of Transportan 10. Langmuir 2021; 37:13148-13159. [PMID: 34714654 PMCID: PMC8582253 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c02392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The interest on detailed analysis of peptide-membrane interactions is of great interest in both fundamental and applied sciences as these may relate to both functional and pathogenic events. Such interactions are highly dynamic and spatially heterogeneous, making the investigation of the associated phenomena highly complex. The specific properties of membranes and peptide structural details, together with environmental conditions, may determine different events at the membrane interface, which will drive the fate of the peptide-membrane system. Here, we use an experimental approach based on the combination of spectroscopy and fluorescence microscopy methods to characterize the interactions of the multifunctional amphiphilic peptide transportan 10 with model membranes. Our approach, based on the use of suitable fluorescence reporters, exploits the advantages of phasor plot analysis of fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy measurements to highlight the molecular details of occurring membrane alterations in terms of rigidity and hydration. Simultaneously, it allows following dynamic events in real time without sample manipulation distinguishing, with high spatial resolution, whether the peptide is adsorbed to or inserted in the membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Anselmo
- Dipartimento
di Fisica e Chimica−Emilio Segré, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze ed. 18 90128, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Sancataldo
- Dipartimento
di Fisica e Chimica−Emilio Segré, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze ed. 18 90128, Palermo, Italy
| | - Hanne Mørck Nielsen
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Vito Foderà
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Valeria Vetri
- Dipartimento
di Fisica e Chimica−Emilio Segré, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze ed. 18 90128, Palermo, Italy
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25
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Romantowski J, Górska A, Niedoszytko M, Gulen T, Gruchała-Niedoszytko M, Nedoszytko B, Lange M, Brockow K, Arock M, Akin C, Valent P. A Challenge for Allergologist: Application of Allergy Diagnostic Methods in Mast Cell Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:1454. [PMID: 33535634 PMCID: PMC7867197 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary and secondary mast cell activation syndromes (MCAS) can occur in patients with mastocytosis. During the past few years our knowledge about the pathogenesis and disease-triggering mechanisms in MCAS and mastocytosis have increased substantially. Whereas mastocytosis is characterized by an accumulation of neoplastic (clonal) mast cells (MC) in various organ systems, MCAS is defined by a massive and systemic activation of these cells. Mast cells are crucial effector cells in allergic diseases, thus their elevated number and activation can cause severe anaphylactic reactions and MCAS in patients with mastocytosis. However, these cells may also degranulate spontaneously or degranulate in response to non-allergic triggers leading to clinical symptoms. In mastocytosis patients, such symptoms may lead to the diagnosis of a primary MCAS. The diagnosis of a concomitant allergy in mastocytosis patients is challenging. In these patients, a mixed form (primary and secondary) of MCAS may be diagnosed. These patients may also suffer from life-threatening anaphylactic reactions when exposed to allergens. In these cases, the possibility of severe side effects of in vivo provocations can sometimes also limit diagnostic evaluations. In the current article, we discuss the diagnosis and management of patients suffering from mastocytosis and concomitant MCAS, with special emphasis on novel diagnostic tests and management, including allergen microarrays, recombinant allergen analysis, basophil activation tests, optimal prophylaxis, and specific therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Romantowski
- Department of Allergology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland; (A.G.); (M.N.)
| | - Aleksandra Górska
- Department of Allergology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland; (A.G.); (M.N.)
| | - Marek Niedoszytko
- Department of Allergology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland; (A.G.); (M.N.)
| | - Theo Gulen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Karolinska University Hospital, 14186 Huddinge, Sweden;
- Immunology and Allergy Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Bogusław Nedoszytko
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland; (B.N.); (M.L.)
| | - Magdalena Lange
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland; (B.N.); (M.L.)
| | - Knut Brockow
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, D-80802 Munich, Germany;
| | - Michel Arock
- Department of Hematological Biology, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Pierre et Marie Curie University (UPMC), 75005 Paris, France;
| | - Cem Akin
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48106, USA;
| | - Peter Valent
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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Smeding C, van Iterson M, Gamadia LE, Innemee G, Heidt J. [Wasp and bee stings with serious consequences]. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd 2020; 164:D4990. [PMID: 33201621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Wasp and bee stings can lead to allergic reactions, anaphylaxis, Kounis syndrome, toxicity, organ failure and, in rare cases, cardiac arrest. In the Netherlands, fatal complications as a result of wasp or bee stings are rare; here we describe three recent severe cases. We diagnosed two patients with anaphylactic shock due to multiple wasp stings, resulting in cardiac arrest and death. Taking the number of stings (> 100) in one of these cases into account, a differential diagnostic consideration was 'exogenic toxic shock'. Considering the severe reaction with fatal outcome in both patients we cannot rule out the existence of indolent mastocytosis. The third patient developed grade 1 anaphylaxis and severe facial swelling, but survived. In this article we describe the pathophysiological background, treatment, diagnostics and desensitisation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Smeding
- St. Antonius Ziekenhuis, afd. Anesthesiologie, Nieuwegein
| | - M van Iterson
- St. Antonius Ziekenhuis, afd. Anesthesiologie, Nieuwegein
| | - L E Gamadia
- Tergooi, afd. Interne Geneeskunde, Nefrologie en Allergologie, Hilversum/Blaricum
| | - G Innemee
- Tergooi, afd. Intensive Care, Hilversum/Blaricum
| | - J Heidt
- Tergooi, afd. Intensive Care, Hilversum/Blaricum
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Liu T, Zhu N, Zhong C, Zhu Y, Gou S, Chang L, Bao H, Liu H, Zhang Y, Ni J. Effect of N-methylated and fatty acid conjugation on analogs of antimicrobial peptide Anoplin. Eur J Pharm Sci 2020; 152:105453. [PMID: 32649983 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2020.105453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
With the increment of drug-resistant bacteria and the slow development of novel antibiotics, antimicrobial peptides have gained increasing attention as a potential antibiotic alternative. They not only displayed a broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity but also were difficult to induce resistance development because of their unique membrane-lytic activity. Herein, to improve the limitations of Anoplin, the N-methyl amino acids were first used to replace the amino acids of Anoplin at sensitive enzymatic cleave sites (Leu, Ile, Lys and Arg). Afterward, the N-methylated analogs M3.6/M4.7/M5.7 with high stability were screened out and further modified by N-terminal fatty acid conjugation to develop new antimicrobial peptide analogs with both potent antimicrobial activity and high proteolytic stability, and 12 new Anoplin analogs Cn-M3.6/M4.7/M5.7 (n = 8,10,12,14) were designed and synthesized. Our results showed that compared with native Anoplin, the stability of these N-methylated lipopeptides against trypsin and chymotrypsin degradation were increased by 104-106 times. Besides, they still possessed potent antimicrobial activity under physiological salts and serum environment. Among them, the new designed analogs C12-M3.6/M4.7/M5.7 showed the optimal antimicrobial activity, synergy and additive effects were also observed when they were combined with traditional antibiotics polymyxin B, rifampin, and kanamycin. Moreover, they could effectively inhibit the formation of biofilms by P. aeruginosa and S. aureus. The antimicrobial mechanism studied revealed that these N-methylated lipopeptides could display a rapid bactericidal effect by destroying the bacterial cell membrane. Notably, no detectable resistance of these new designed peptides was developed after continuous cultured with E. coli for 20 passages. In summary, we have designed a new class of antimicrobial peptide analogs with potent antimicrobial activity and high proteolytic stability through N-methyl amino acids substitution and N-terminal fatty acid conjugation. This study also provides new ideas and methods for the modification of antimicrobial peptides in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianqi Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Ningyi Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Chao Zhong
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yuewen Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Sanhu Gou
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Linlin Chang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Hexin Bao
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Hui Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jingman Ni
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
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Bokanovic D, Arzt-Gradwohl L, Schwarz I, Schrautzer C, Laipold K, Aberer W, Binder B, Sturm GJ. Possible utility of basophil activation test in dual honeybee and vespid sensitization. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2019; 8:392-394.e5. [PMID: 31233939 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2019.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Danijela Bokanovic
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Lisa Arzt-Gradwohl
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Ines Schwarz
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Christoph Schrautzer
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Karin Laipold
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Werner Aberer
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Barbara Binder
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Gunter J Sturm
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Allergy Outpatient Clinic Reumannplatz, Vienna, Austria.
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Meng E, Li J, Tang B, Hu Y, Qiao T, Hou Y, Lin Y, Chen Z. Alteration of the phagocytosis and antimicrobial defense of Octodonta nipae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) pupae to Escherichia coli following parasitism by Tetrastichus brontispae (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae). Bull Entomol Res 2019; 109:248-256. [PMID: 30514411 DOI: 10.1017/s0007485318000780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Although parasites and microbial pathogens are both detrimental to insects, little information is currently available on the mechanism involved in how parasitized hosts balance their immune responses to defend against microbial infections. We addressed this in the present study by comparing the immune response between unparasitized and parasitized pupae of the chrysomelid beetle, Octodonta nipae (Maulik), to Escherichia coli invasion. In an in vivo survival assay, a markedly reduced number of E. coli colony-forming units per microliter was detected in parasitized pupae at 12 and 24 h post-parasitism, together with decreased phagocytosis and enhanced bactericidal activity at 12 h post-parasitism. The effects that parasitism had on the mRNA expression level of selected antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) of O. nipae pupae showed that nearly all transcripts of AMPs examined were highly upregulated during the early and late parasitism stages except defensin 2B, whose mRNA expression level was downregulated at 24 h post-parasitism. Further elucidation on the main maternal fluids responsible for alteration of the primary immune response against E. coli showed that ovarian fluid increased phagocytosis at 48 h post-injection. These results indicated that the enhanced degradation of E. coli in parasitized pupae resulted mainly from the elevated bactericidal activity without observing the increased transcripts of target AMPs. This study contributes to a better understanding of the mechanisms involved in the immune responses of a parasitized host to bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control of Fujian-Taiwan Crops,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,China
| | - J Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control of Fujian-Taiwan Crops,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,China
| | - B Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control of Fujian-Taiwan Crops,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,China
| | - Y Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control of Fujian-Taiwan Crops,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,China
| | - T Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control of Fujian-Taiwan Crops,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,China
| | - Y Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control of Fujian-Taiwan Crops,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,China
| | - Y Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control of Fujian-Taiwan Crops,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,China
| | - Z Chen
- Fuzhou Entry-Exit Inspection & Quarantine Bureau of P.R.C,Fuzhou 350002,China
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Vikrant
- Department of Nephrology, Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla (Himachal Pradesh), India.
| | - Anupam Parashar
- Department of Community Medicine, Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla (Himachal Pradesh), India
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Cichocka-Jarosz E, Stobiecki M, Brzyski P, Rogatko I, Nittner-Marszalska M, Sztefko K, Czarnobilska E, Lis G, Nowak-Węgrzyn A. Simplification of intradermal skin testing in Hymenoptera venom allergic children. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2016; 118:326-332. [PMID: 27986410 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2016.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2016] [Revised: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The direct comparison between children and adults with Hymenoptera venom anaphylaxis (HVA) has never been extensively reported. Severe HVA with IgE-documented mechanism is the recommendation for venom immunotherapy, regardless of age. OBJECTIVE To determine the differences in the basic diagnostic profile between children and adults with severe HVA and its practical implications. METHODS We reviewed the medical records of 91 children and 121 adults. RESULTS Bee venom allergy was exposure dependent, regardless of age (P < .001). Atopy was more common in children (P = .01), whereas cardiovascular comorbidities were present almost exclusively in adults (P = .001). In the bee venom allergic group, specific IgE levels were significantly higher in children (29.5 kUA/L; interquartile range, 11.30-66.30 kUA/L) compared with adults (5.10 kUA/L; interquartile range, 2.03-8.30 kUA/L) (P < .001). Specific IgE levels for culprit insect venom were higher in bee venom allergic children compared with the wasp venom allergic children (P < .001). In adults, intradermal tests revealed higher sensitivity, accompanied by larger area of skin reactions, regardless of type of venom. At concentrations lower than 0.1 μg/mL, 16% of wasp venom allergic children and 39% of bee venom allergic children had positive intradermal test results. The median tryptase level was significantly higher in adults than in children for the entire study group (P = .002), as well as in bee (P = .002) and wasp venom allergic groups (P = .049). CONCLUSION The basic diagnostic profile in severe HVA reactors is age dependent. Lower skin test reactivity to culprit venom in children may have practical application in starting the intradermal test procedure with higher venom concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Cichocka-Jarosz
- Department of Pediatrics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Marcin Stobiecki
- Department of Clinical and Environmental Allergology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland.
| | | | - Iwona Rogatko
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University Children's Hospital, and Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | | | - Krystyna Sztefko
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University Children's Hospital, and Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Ewa Czarnobilska
- Department of Clinical and Environmental Allergology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Lis
- Department of Pediatrics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Anna Nowak-Węgrzyn
- Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Jaffe Food Allergy Institute, New York, New York
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Zhu Y, Ye XH, Liu Y, Yan ZC, Stanley D, Ye GY, Fang Q. A Venom Gland Extracellular Chitin-Binding-Like Protein from Pupal Endoparasitoid Wasps, Pteromalus Puparum, Selectively Binds Chitin. Toxins (Basel) 2015; 7:5098-113. [PMID: 26633500 PMCID: PMC4690117 DOI: 10.3390/toxins7124867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Revised: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chitin-binding proteins (CBPs) are present in many species and they act in a variety of biological processes. We analyzed a Pteromalus puparum venom apparatus proteome and transcriptome and identified a partial gene encoding a possible CBP. Here, we report cloning a full-length cDNA of a sequence encoding a chitin-binding-like protein (PpCBP) from P. puparum, a pupal endoparasitoid of Pieris rapae. The cDNA encoded a 96-amino-acid protein, including a secretory signal peptide and a chitin-binding peritrophin-A domain. Phylogenetic analysis of chitin binding domains (CBDs) of cuticle proteins and peritrophic matrix proteins in selected insects revealed that the CBD of PpCBP clustered with the CBD of Nasonia vitripennis. The PpCBP is specifically expressed in the venom apparatus of P. puparum, mostly in the venom gland. PpCBP expression was highest at day one after adult eclosion and much lower for the following five days. We produced a recombinant PpCBP and binding assays showed the recombinant protein selectively binds chitin but not cellulose in vitro. We infer that PpCBP serves a structural role in the venom reservoir, or may be injected into the host to help wound healing of the host exoskeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology & Key Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Xin-Hai Ye
- The College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology & Key Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Zhi-Chao Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology & Key Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - David Stanley
- Biological Control of Insects Research Laboratory, USDA/Agricultural Research Service, Columbia, MO 65203, USA.
| | - Gong-Yin Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology & Key Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Qi Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology & Key Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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Qian C, Fang Q, Wang L, Ye GY. Molecular Cloning and Functional Studies of Two Kazal-Type Serine Protease Inhibitors Specifically Expressed by Nasonia vitripennis Venom Apparatus. Toxins (Basel) 2015; 7:2888-905. [PMID: 26248077 PMCID: PMC4549731 DOI: 10.3390/toxins7082888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Revised: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Two cDNA sequences of Kazal-type serine protease inhibitors (KSPIs) in Nasonia vitripennis, NvKSPI-1 and NvKSPI-2, were characterized and their open reading frames (ORFs) were 198 and 264 bp, respectively. Both NvKSPI-1 and NvKSPI-2 contained a typical Kazal-type domain. Real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) results revealed that NvKSPI-1 and NvKSPI-2 mRNAs were mostly detected specifically in the venom apparatus, while they were expressed at lower levels in the ovary and much lower levels in other tissues tested. In the venom apparatus, both NvKSPI-1 and NvKSPI-2 transcripts were highly expressed on the fourth day post eclosion and then declined gradually. The NvKSPI-1 and NvKSPI-2 genes were recombinantly expressed utilizing a pGEX-4T-2 vector, and the recombinant products fused with glutathione S-transferase were purified. Inhibition of recombinant GST-NvKSPI-1 and GST-NvKSPI-2 to three serine protease inhibitors (trypsin, chymotrypsin, and proteinase K) were tested and results showed that only NvKSPI-1 could inhibit the activity of trypsin. Meanwhile, we evaluated the influence of the recombinant GST-NvKSPI-1 and GST-NvKSPI-2 on the phenoloxidase (PO) activity and prophenoloxidase (PPO) activation of hemolymph from a host pupa, Musca domestica. Results showed PPO activation in host hemolymph was inhibited by both recombinant proteins; however, there was no significant inhibition on the PO activity. Our results suggested that NvKSPI-1 and NvKSPI-2 could inhibit PPO activation in host hemolymph and trypsin activity in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cen Qian
- College of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Qi Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Lei Wang
- College of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Gong-Yin Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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Danneels EL, Formesyn EM, Hahn DA, Denlinger DL, Cardoen D, Wenseleers T, Schoofs L, de Graaf DC. Early changes in the pupal transcriptome of the flesh fly Sarcophagha crassipalpis to parasitization by the ectoparasitic wasp, Nasonia vitripennis. Insect Biochem Mol Biol 2013; 43:1189-200. [PMID: 24161520 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2013.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2013] [Revised: 10/03/2013] [Accepted: 10/08/2013] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We investigated changes in the pupal transcriptome of the flesh fly Sarcophaga crassipalpis, 3 and 25 h after parasitization by the ectoparasitoid wasp, Nasonia vitripennis. These time points are prior to hatching of the wasp eggs, thus the results document host responses to venom injection, rather than feeding by the wasp larvae. Only a single gene appeared to be differentially expressed 3 h after parasitization. However, by 25 h, 128 genes were differentially expressed and expression patterns of a subsample of these genes were verified using RT-qPCR. Among the responsive genes were clusters of genes that altered the fly's metabolism, development, induced immune responses, elicited detoxification responses, and promoted programmed cell death. Envenomation thus clearly alters the metabolic landscape and developmental fate of the fly host prior to subsequent penetration of the pupal cuticle by the wasp larva. Overall, this study provides new insights into the specific action of ectoparasitoid venoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen L Danneels
- Laboratory of Zoophysiology, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S2, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
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Abstract
The wasp genus Nasonia is a genetic model with unique advantages for the study of interspecific differences, including haplodiploidy and interfertile species. However, as a parasitoid, Nasonia is confined within a fly host, thus restricting direct observations and manipulation of development over time. Here, we present the first in vitro cultivation method for this system that decouples Nasonia from its host, allowing continuous observations from embryo to adulthood. Using transwell plates and a simple Nasonia rearing medium, we demonstrate a technique that will significantly expand the utility of the Nasonia model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert M. Brucker
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- * E-mail: (RMB); (SRB)
| | - Seth R. Bordenstein
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology Vanderbilt University, Tennessee, United States of America
- * E-mail: (RMB); (SRB)
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Cooper DKC. Partial improvement of Dupuytren contracture following a wasp sting. J Hand Surg Am 2012; 37:1105-6. [PMID: 22541160 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhsa.2012.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2012] [Accepted: 02/08/2012] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Patella V, Incorvaia C, Ricciardi L, Florio G, Saija A, Frati F, Gangemi S. The adhesion molecule ICAM-1 is overexpressed in patients with Hymenoptera venom allergy and decreases after ultrarush venom immunotherapy. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2011; 25:465-468. [PMID: 22023772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Adhesion molecules, including ICAM-1, are an important factor in allergic inflammation caused by inhalant allergens, but there are no studies investigating their possible role in Hymenoptera venom allergy (HVA). We measured the level of ICAM-1 in 13 venom-allergic patients before and after ultra-rush venom immunotherapy (VIT). Eight patients were treated by yellow jacket venom and 5 were treated by honeybee venom. Serum ICAM-1 levels were assayed by an immunoenzymatic method, with a detection limit of 0.35 ng/ml. The mean level of ICAM-1 changed from 316.4±78.2 ng/ml before VIT to 294.7±77.9 after VIT. This difference was statistically significant (p = 0.019). These findings show that in patients with HVA there is an over-expression of ICAM-1, and that ultra-rush VIT significantly decreases ICAM-1 levels. It is likely that the known ability of VIT to correct the imbalance in T lymphocytes subpopulations and in the associated production of cytokines may account for this observation. In fact, such cytokines include IL-4 and TNF-alpha, that up-regulate adhesion molecules.
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Schlenke TA, Morales J, Govind S, Clark AG. Contrasting infection strategies in generalist and specialist wasp parasitoids of Drosophila melanogaster. PLoS Pathog 2008; 3:1486-501. [PMID: 17967061 PMCID: PMC2042021 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.0030158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2006] [Accepted: 09/14/2007] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Although host–parasitoid interactions are becoming well characterized at the organismal and cellular levels, much remains to be understood of the molecular bases for the host immune response and the parasitoids' ability to defeat this immune response. Leptopilina boulardi and L. heterotoma, two closely related, highly infectious natural parasitoids of Drosophila melanogaster, appear to use very different infection strategies at the cellular level. Here, we further characterize cellular level differences in the infection characteristics of these two wasp species using newly derived, virulent inbred strains, and then use whole genome microarrays to compare the transcriptional response of Drosophila to each. While flies attacked by the melanogaster group specialist L. boulardi (strain Lb17) up-regulate numerous genes encoding proteolytic enzymes, components of the Toll and JAK/STAT pathways, and the melanization cascade as part of a combined cellular and humoral innate immune response, flies attacked by the generalist L. heterotoma (strain Lh14) do not appear to initiate an immune transcriptional response at the time points post-infection we assayed, perhaps due to the rapid venom-mediated lysis of host hemocytes (blood cells). Thus, the specialist parasitoid appears to invoke a full-blown immune response in the host, but suppresses and/or evades downstream components of this response. Given that activation of the host immune response likely depletes the energetic resources of the host, the specialist's infection strategy seems relatively disadvantageous. However, we uncover the mechanism for one potentially important fitness tradeoff of the generalist's highly immune suppressive infection strategy. The fruitfly Drosophila melanogaster has become a model system for the study of innate immunity, and parasitic wasps are one of the most obvious natural pathogens of Drosophila, making this a great system for studying interactions between the host immune system and pathogen virulence proteins. We have focused on two closely related wasp species, Leptopilina boulardi and L. heterotoma, that successfully parasitize D. melanogaster hosts in nature. Both wasps inject venom loaded with virus-like particles into their hosts to prevent host-mediated melanotic encapsulation and killing of their eggs. However, there are substantial differences in the effects of the venom from these two wasp species. L. heterotoma venom causes lysis of host hemocytes (blood cells) and prevents the host from mounting any substantial immune transcriptional response, while L. boulardi venom has a relatively weak and localized effect on host hemocyte survival and does not prevent immune response activation. Thus, these wasps allow us to compare the benefits and drawbacks of relatively immune suppressive versus relatively immune evasive parasite infection strategies in a natural system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Todd A Schlenke
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA.
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Nappi C. A bug's life: change and transformation in early modern China. Endeavour 2007; 31:124-128. [PMID: 17964651 DOI: 10.1016/j.endeavour.2007.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/18/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Chanting wasps and shape-shifting worms were all in a day's work for sixteenth-century Chinese naturalists such as Li Shizhen (1518-1593). In an effort to understand the metamorphoses of both nature and the human body, he and other early modern Chinese scholars looked towards tiny creatures like roundworms, lice and demon bugs. For them, such animals could reveal the most intimate secrets of the universe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Nappi
- Department of History and Philosophy, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA.
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Abstract
While the role of the brain kallikrein-kinin system in the development of various pathological processes, such as oedema formation following brain injury or induction of central hypertonia has generated major interest, the possible role of this system in nociceptive processing has received little attention. In their present paper, Mortari et al. (2007) show that bradykinin B2 receptor activation in the brain by the bradykinin analogue, Thr(6)-bradykinin, isolated from the venom of the social wasp, Polybia occidentalis potently reduces acute, noxious heat-evoked reflex responses in naive rats. The unknown underlying mechanism of this powerful antinociceptive effect reminds us that the supraspinal antinociceptive system is still a "black box" in many aspects and awaits thorough investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Nagy
- Department of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Imperial College London, London, UK.
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Abstract
Lipid rafts and caveolae are microdomains in the cell membranes, which contain cholesterol, glycolipids, and sphingomyelin. While caveolae are relatively stable because caveolin, an integral protein, supports the structure, lipid rafts are considered to be unstable, being dynamically produced and degraded. Recent studies have reported that lipid rafts contain many signaling molecules, such as glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored proteins, acylated proteins, G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), trimeric and small G-proteins and their effectors, suggesting that the lipid rafts have an important role in receptor-mediated signal transduction. Therefore drugs that modify the composition of lipid rafts might influence the efficacy of cellular signal transduction. In this review, we demonstrate the role of lipid rafts in GPCR-G-protein signaling and also present our recent results showing that the wasp toxin mastoparan modifies G(q/11)-mediated phospholipase C activation through the interaction with gangliosides in lipid rafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoko Ohkubo
- Department of Pharmacology, National Institute of Health and Sciences, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
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Wan ZW, Wang HY, Chen XX. Venom apparatus of the endoparasitoid wasp Opius caricivorae Fischer (Hymenoptera: Braconidae): morphology and ultrastructure. Microsc Res Tech 2006; 69:820-5. [PMID: 16830326 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.20352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The morphology and ultrastructure of the venom apparatus of the endoparasitoid wasp, Opius caricivorae Fischer (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), were observed using light and electron microscopes. The venom apparatus consists of one venom reservoir and several gland filaments. The gland filaments join together at the end of the reservoir and consist of an outer single layer of secretory cells, a layer of degenerated epidermal cells, and an inner intima that encloses the lumen. The secretory cells are organelle rich, with abundant rough endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, and vacuole, in which vesicular organelles secrete the components of venom. The reservoir consists of a muscular sheath, secretory cells, and squamous cells. The intima has an unevenly thickened chitinous coat. The vesicular organelles of the reservoir secretory cells differ from those of the gland filament: the microvilli being much longer and radiating in all directions. The venom reservoir not only serves to store but also secretes the venom. Virus-like particles were discovered in the secretory cells of the gland filaments. The structural features of venom apparatus of this species are discussed in a biological context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Wei Wan
- Institute of Insect Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310029, People's Republic of China
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Di Cesare Mannelli L, Pacini A, Toscano A, Fortini M, Berti D, Ghelardini C, Galeotti N, Baglioni P, Bartolini A. Gi/o proteins: Expression for direct activation enquiry. Protein Expr Purif 2006; 47:303-10. [PMID: 16364655 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2005.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2005] [Revised: 11/07/2005] [Accepted: 11/07/2005] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
G protein-mediated pathways are fundamental mechanisms of cell signaling. In this paper, the expression and the characterization of the alphai1, alphai3, alphao1, beta1, and gamma2 subunits of the human G protein are described. This approach was developed to evaluate the G protein activation profile of new compounds. pCR-TOPO T7 vectors, engineered to contain the target sequences, were used to transform Escherichia coli competent cells. Subunits were over-expressed in a preparative scale as fusion proteins with a six-histidine tag, and subsequently purified by metal chelate chromatography. Afterward, the His-tag was removed by enterokinase digestion, and the secondary structures of the recombinant subunits were analyzed by circular dichroism. To assess the functionality of the subunits, the rate of GTP hydrolysis and GTPgammaS binding were evaluated both in the absence and in the presence of two modulators: the peptidic activator Mastoparan and the non-peptidic activator N-dodecyl-lysinamide (ML250). Tests were conducted on isolated alpha-subunit and on heterotrimeric alphabetagamma complex, alone or reconstituted in phospholipidic vesicles. Our results show that recombinant subunits are stable, properly folded and, fully active, which makes them suitable candidates for functional studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Di Cesare Mannelli
- Department of Preclinical and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50134 Florence, Italy.
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de Paula L, Santos WF, Malheiro A, Carlos D, Faccioli LH. Differential modulation of cell recruitment and acute edema in a model of Polybia paulista venom-induced inflammation. Int Immunopharmacol 2006; 6:182-9. [PMID: 16399622 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2005.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2004] [Revised: 02/17/2005] [Accepted: 08/04/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Hymenoptera stings are quite common and can cause inflammatory reactions (in nonallergic individuals) or serious reactions (in allergic individuals). Hymenoptera venom contains histamine, vasoactive kinins, serotonin, phospholipase A, phospholipase B, hyaluronidase, antigen 5 and mastoparans. Some of these substances are responsible for local pain, as well as for activation of complement and endothelial cells. Polybia paulista is a wasp typically found in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. In the present study, we evaluated inflammatory reactions in the peritoneal cavities of rats injected with P. paulista venom (PPV). We evaluated leukocyte recruitment and edema formation at the site of inflammation. After i.p. inoculation with PPV, there was dose-dependent and time-dependent recruitment of neutrophils, eosinophils and mononuclear cells. At 4 to 48 h after stimulus, administration of MK 886, a leukotriene synthesis inhibitor, completely abolished granulocyte recruitment to the peritoneal cavity. Therefore, leukotrienes seem to be the primary mediators of PPV-induced neutrophil and eosinophil recruitment. Inoculation with PPV also induced protein extravasation into the peritoneal cavity. This phenomenon was not inhibited by treatment with MK 886 or indomethacin (a prostaglandin synthesis inhibitor), demonstrating that neither leukotrienes nor prostaglandins are involved in this inflammatory reaction. However, edema formation was significantly inhibited by treatment with pyrilamine, indicating that the histamine H1 receptor plays a critical role in PPV-induced formation of acute edema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lúcia de Paula
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. do Café s/n, 14040-903, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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Rodríguez-Pérez MA, Beckage NE. [Co-evolutionary strategies of interaction between parasitoids and polydnaviruses]. Rev Latinoam Microbiol 2006; 48:31-43. [PMID: 17357572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Polydnaviruses are genetic symbionts of wasp endoparasitoids belonging to the hymenopteran families Ichneumonidae (ichnoviruses) and Braconidae (bracoviruses). They exist as proviruses integrated in the wasp's chromosomal genome, which then excise and undergo replication during the stage of adult development of the wasp. During wasp oviposition into their caterpillar host, the fully formed virus particles are injected along the parasitoid's eggs into the host hemocoel, where the eggs hatch and undergo larval development. The primary function of the polydnavirus is to trigger host immunosuppression so that host hemocytes are prevented from encapsulating the parasitoid's eggs and/or larvae. Polydnavirus transcripts are expressed following parasitization and alter host hemocyte adhesive properties that prevents encapsulation; in some species, viral gene expression triggers host hemocyte apoptosis, thereby rendering the host immunosuppressed. This review summarizes the major features of polydnaviruses and provides a global view of their functions in the lepidopteran hosts of the parasitoid wasps that carry them both as integrated viral sequences in their genome and as free virus to function physiologically in host regulation following parasitization of the host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario A Rodríguez-Pérez
- Centro de Biotecnología Genómica, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Reynosa Tamaulipas, México.
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Abstract
The main problem of therapeutic efficiency lies in the crossing of cellular membranes. Therefore, significant effort is being made to develop agents which can cross these barriers and deliver therapeutic agents into cellular compartments. In recent years, a large amount of data on the use of peptides as delivery agents has accumulated. Several groups have published the first positive results using peptides for the delivery of therapeutic agents in relevant animal models. These peptides, called cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs), are short peptides (fewer than 30 residues) with a net positive charge and acting in a receptor- and energy-independent manner. Here, we give an extensive review of peptide-mediated delivery systems and discuss their applications, with particular focus on the mechanisms leading to cellular internalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Deshayes
- CRBM-CNRS FRE 2593, 1919, Montpellier, France
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Parenteau J, Klinck R, Good L, Langel U, Wellinger RJ, Elela SA. Free uptake of cell-penetrating peptides by fission yeast. FEBS Lett 2005; 579:4873-8. [PMID: 16111683 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2005.07.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2005] [Accepted: 07/19/2005] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
An increasing number of peptides translocate the plasma membrane of mammalian cells promising new avenues for drug delivery. However, only a few examples are known to penetrate the fungal cell wall. We compared the capacity of different fluorophore-labelled peptides to translocate into fission yeast and human cells and determined their intracellular distribution. Most of the 20 peptides tested were able to enter human cells, but only one, transportan 10 (TP10), efficiently penetrated fission yeast and was distributed uniformly inside the cells. The results show that the fungal cell wall may reduce, but does not block peptide uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Parenteau
- Centre de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Sherbrooke, Département de Microbiologie et Infectiologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Sherbooke, Sherbooke, Que., Canada
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Mäe M, Myrberg H, Jiang Y, Paves H, Valkna A, Langel U. Internalisation of cell-penetrating peptides into tobacco protoplasts. Biochim Biophys Acta 2005; 1669:101-7. [PMID: 15893512 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2005.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2004] [Accepted: 01/12/2005] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Cells are protected from the surrounding environment by plasma membrane which is impenetrable for most hydrophilic molecules. In the last 10 years cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) have been discovered and developed. CPPs enter mammalian cells and carry cargo molecules over the plasma membrane with a molecular weight several times their own. Known transformation methods for plant cells have relatively low efficiency and require improvement. The possibility to use CPPs as potential delivery vectors for internalisation in plant cells has been studied in the present work. We analyse and compare the uptake of the fluorescein-labeled CPPs, transportan, TP10, penetratin and pVEC in Bowes human melanoma cells and Nicotiana tabacum cultivar (cv.) SR-1 protoplasts (plant cells without cell wall). We study the internalisation efficiency of CPPs with fluorescence microscopy, spectrofluorometry and fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACS). All methods indicate, for the first time, that these CPPs can internalise into N. tabacum cv. SR-1 protoplasts. Transportan has the highest uptake efficacy among the studied peptides, both in mammalian cells and plant protoplast. The internalisation of CPPs by plant protoplasts may open up a new effective method for transfection in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maarja Mäe
- Department of Neurochemistry and Neurotoxicology, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 21A, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND A temporarily elevated level of serum mast cell tryptase (ST) indicates mast cell activation and occurs in systemic anaphylactic reactions (SAR). We measured ST following a sting challenge in vespid venom-allergic patients treated with venom immunotherapy (VIT) and in healthy controls, respectively. AIM OF THE STUDY To assess changes of ST over time in vespid venom-allergic patients at the occasion of a re-sting and in healthy controls. METHODS A sting challenge was performed in 20 patients on vespid VIT to monitor efficacy of VIT. ST was measured between 9.00 and 10.00 a.m. (baseline). Sting challenge was performed at 2.00 p.m., and ST was determined again 20 min, 90 min and 18 h later. Measurements at corresponding times of the day were done in nine healthy controls. RESULTS One patient developed a mild SAR to the sting challenge which was associated with a temporary increase of ST. In the other 19 patients who tolerated the sting challenge without SAR ST decreased significantly by 18.0% (median, range 8.3-36.7%). Twenty minutes after the sting when compared with baseline levels (P < 0.001), a significant decrease of ST was still present after 90 min (median 13.7%) (P < 0.001), but not after 18 h (P = 0.57). A comparably significant temporary decline was found in controls. CONCLUSIONS The temporary decline of ST in patients and in controls suggests a circadian variation of ST concentration. A normal diurnal pattern of ST concentration after sting challenge is associated with successful treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Dugas-Breit
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Dermatologie und Allergologie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München, Germany
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Kilk K, El-Andaloussi S, Järver P, Meikas A, Valkna A, Bartfai T, Kogerman P, Metsis M, Langel U. Evaluation of transportan 10 in PEI mediated plasmid delivery assay. J Control Release 2005; 103:511-23. [PMID: 15763630 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2004.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2004] [Revised: 12/04/2004] [Accepted: 12/09/2004] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) are novel high-capacity delivery vectors for different bioactive cargoes. We have evaluated the CPP transportan 10 (TP10) as a delivery vector in different in vitro plasmid delivery assays. Tested methods include: TP10 crosslinked to a plasmid via a peptide nucleic acid (PNA) oligomer, TP10 conjugation with polyethyleneimine (PEI), and addition of unconjugated TP10 to standard PEI transfection assay. We found that without additional DNA condensing agents, TP10 has poor transfection abilities. However, the presence of TP10 increases the transfection efficiency several folds compared to PEI alone. At as low concentrations as 0.6 nM, TP10-PNA constructs were found to enhance plasmid delivery up to 3.7-fold in Neuro-2a cells. Interestingly, the transfection efficiency was most significant at low PEI concentrations, allowing reduced PEI concentration without loss of gene delivery. No increase in cytotoxicity due to TP10 was observed and the uptake mechanism was determined to be endocytosis, as previously reported for PEI mediated transfection. In conclusion, TP10 can enhance PEI mediated transfection at relatively low concentrations and may help to develop future gene delivery systems with reduced toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalle Kilk
- Department of Neurochemistry and Neurotoxicology, Stockholm University, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
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